英语五种基本句型(教师版)(样例5)

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第一篇:英语五种基本句型(教师版)

初高中衔接教学材料----基本句型

基本句型汉译英练习主谓结构 说明:

本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。如,The sun rises.主语可有修饰语---定语,如,The red sun rises.谓语可有修饰语---状语,如,The red sun rises in the east 翻译练习:

1.你应当努力学习。

2.她昨天回家很晚。

3.那天早上我们谈了很多。

4.会议将持续两个小时。

5.在过去的十年里,我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。

6.这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。

7.1919年,在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。

8.每天八时开始上课。

9.这个盒子重五公斤。

10.五年前我住在北京。

11.爱丽丝很会游泳。

12.约翰的父亲昨晚去世了。

13.秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。

14.我的爷爷早晨起得很早。

15.每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。

参考答案:

1.You should study hard.2.She went home very late yesterday evening.3.That morning we talked a great deal.4.The meeting will last two hours.5.Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.6.Things of that sort are happening all over the world every day.7.The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919.8.Classes begin at eight every day.9.This box weighs five kilos.10.I lived in Beijing five years ago.11.Alice swims very well.12.John’s father died last night.13.In autumn, some birds fly to the south.14.My grandfather gets up early in the morning.15.Every afternoon a lot of students come to the library to borrow books.初高中衔接教学材料----基本句型

基本句型 汉译英练习主系表结构

说明:

本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成,主要用以说明主语的特征,类属,状态,身份等。系动词有

(1)表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound.(2)表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand.(3)表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow.翻译练习:

1.我的兄弟都是大学生。

2.冬季白天短,夜晚长。

3.布朗夫人看起来很健康。

4.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。

5.孩子们,请保持安静。

6.这本书是有关美国历史的书。

7.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。

8.他失业了。

9.树叶已经变黄了。

10.这个报告听起来很有意思。

参考答案:

1.My brothers are all college students.2.In winter, the days are short and the nights are long.3.Mrs Brown looks very healthy.4.At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist.5.Children, keep quiet please.6.This book is about the history of the United States.7.Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.8.He is out of work.9.The leaves have turned yellow.10.The report sounds interesting.基本句型 汉译英练习主谓宾结构

(一)说明:

此结构是由主语+谓语+宾语够成。其中的谓语动词须是及物的动词或及物的动词词组。宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分。初高中衔接教学材料----基本句型

翻译练习:

1.昨晚我写了一封信。

2.今天下午我想同你谈谈。

3.这本书他读过多次了。

4.他们成功地完成了计划。

5.你们必须在两周内看完这些书。

6.那位先生能流利地说三种语言。

7.我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。

8.Jim 还不会自己穿衣服。

9.我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。

10.他不知道说什麽好。

11.他每天早晨洗冷水澡。

12.我开窗户你在意吗? 参考答案:

1.I wrote a letter last night.2.I want to talk with you this afternoon.3.He has read this book many times.4.They have carried out the plan successfully.5.You must finish reading these books in two weeks.6.That gentlemen can speak three languages fluently.7.I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.8.Jim cannot dress himself.9.All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy.10.He did not know what to say.11.He takes a cold bath every morning.12.Do you mind my opening the window?

主谓宾结构

(二)说明:

此结构中的谓语动词常常是动词词组,分两种情况:1.及物动词+副词,2.不及物动词+介词。1.含有away, out, forward, up 等副词的动词词组是可拆分的。如,They carried out the plan successfully.我们还可以说,They carried the plan out successfully.但我们只能说 As the plan was practical, they carried it out successfully.动副词组都可以这样用,如,point out(指出), carry out(执行), put forward(提出), work out(做出,算出), find out(找出), give up(放弃), give away(赠送,分发),pick up(拣起), put 初高中衔接教学材料----基本句型

up(挂上), 等。

2.而含有介词 at, for, from, into, of, with, to 等的动介词组是不可拆分的。如,look after(照顾), look at(瞧), look for(寻找), belong to(属于), refer to(参考,提及), think of(考虑,评价), send for(派人去请), care for(喜欢),suffer from(受„之苦), deal with(对付,应付), object to(反对), pay for(付„的钱),等。即我们只能说think of it,不能说think it of.3.in 在动词词组中用作副词,表示“在里面”,“往里进”,“在家”等意思。如,get in(收割),hand in(提交,交进)。

用作介词,表示“在…地点”,“在…范围”,“在…方面”。如,persist in(坚持),succeed in(在„成功)。

4.Off在动词词组中 用作副词,表示“关闭”,“隔离,离开”,“去掉”,等意思。如,turn off(关掉), switch off(关掉), ring off(挂断电话), keep off(远离), take off(脱掉), kick off(踢脱), carry off(运走), put off(推迟), pay off(付清),give off(放出).用作介词,表示“从„下来”。如,get off(下车), fall off(从„掉下来).5.On 在动词词组中用作副词,表示“开”,“走开”,“传递”,“穿戴”。如,turn on(开),move on(走开), pass on(传递), put on(穿上), have on(穿着).用作介词,表示“在…上”,“在…方面”。如,work on(从事于…), operate on(在„上动手术), agree on(同意)。

表示“上车,上船,上„”, 如,get on(上车,上船),ride on(骑上)。表示“依靠”,“以„为基础”,“按照”,如,depend on(依靠),base on(以„为基础), feed on(以„为食), live on(以„为生计).6.Over在动词词组中用作副词,表示“翻转”,“翻倒”,如,turn over(打翻,翻倒),push over(推倒).表示“过一遍”,“仔细”,“遍及”,如,think over(仔细考虑),look over(仔细查看,研究).用作介词,表示“从上越过”,如,fly over(从上飞过), jump over(从上跳过).go over(越过,横过)。

表示“为了”,“由于”,如,quarrel over(为„争吵),cry over(因„哭泣).表示“查看”,“复习”,“检查”,如,go over(检查,复习).附:许多由及物动词+名词+介词构成的三词动词词组也要跟宾语,如:

pay attention to(注意), catch hold of(抓住,握住), catch sight of(看见,发现),do harm to(对„有害), get rid of(排除,除去), make fun of(取笑,嘲笑),put(one’s)heart into(专心于„), say hello to(打招呼), sing praise for(赞扬,表扬),take care of(照顾), take part in(参加), take pride in(以„自豪,骄傲)。初高中衔接教学材料----基本句型

翻译练习:

1.我不信任那个人。

2.他指出了我的作文中的错误。

3.圣诞节我们将去看望外籍教师。

4.你们必须在课后把练习本交上来。

5.五分钟内我们是不可能解出这道题来的。

6.他们高度赞扬了英雄的业迹。

7.这位护士会好好照顾你父亲的。

8.你在工作中可依靠他。

9.沸腾的水散发水蒸汽。

10.写完作文后,我们必须把它从头到尾看一遍。

11.脱掉你的外套,走前再穿。

12.人们会把她找出来的。

13.我们必须派人去请医生

参考答案:

1.I don’t believe in(介)that man.2.He pointed out(副)the mistakes in my composition.3.On Christmas Day, we will call on(介)our foreign teachers.4.You must hand in(副)your exercise-books after class.5.We cannot work out(副)the problem in five minutes.6.They sang high praise for the deeds of the hero.7.The nurse will take good care of your father.8.You can depend on(介)him in your work.9.Boiling water gives off(副)steam.10.After writing a composition, we must go over(介)it.11.Take off your coat and put it on(副)before you leave.12.People will find her out(副).13.We must send for(介)a doctor 基本句型 汉译英练习双宾语结构

说明:

此结构由主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(事物)组成。如,He brings me cookies every day.She made me a beautiful dress.但若要先说出直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),则要借助于介词to或for,如,He brings cookies to me every day.She made a beautiful dress for me.用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人。用for 侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人。

常跟双宾语的动词有: 初高中衔接教学材料----基本句型

(需借助to的)bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask,等。

(需借助for 的)buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare,等。翻译练习:

1.Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。

2.奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。3.Mary把钱包交给校长了。4.请把那本字典递给我好吗? 5.他把车票给列车员看。

6.这个学期我已经给父母写过三封信了。7.我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。8.Robinson Crusoe 给自己做了一只小船。9.请你给我弄一本新的,好吗? 10.我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗?

11.新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。参考答案:

1.Mr Johnson taught us German last year.2.Grandma told me an interesting story last night.3.Mary handed the wallet to the schoolmaster.4.Would you please pass me the dictionary? 5.He showed the ticket to the conductor.6.This term I have written three letters to my parents.7.My father has bought me a new bike.8.Robinson Crusoe made himself a boat.9.Will you please get me a new copy? 10.Shall I call you a taxi?

11.The new machine will save you a lot of labour 基本句型 汉译英练习复合宾语结构

说明:

此结构由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语构成。宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑的主谓关系,若无宾语补足语,则句意不完整。可以用做宾补的有,名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定式,分词。如,The sun keeps us warm.I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut.用 it 做形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面,是英语常用句型。即 主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾补 + 真正宾语。如,I found it very pleasant to be with your family.初高中衔接教学材料----基本句型

翻译练习

1.我们叫她Alice.2.他的父母给他取名为John.3.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。

4.他们把门推开了。

5.他们把小偷释放了。

6.我们要使学校变得更美丽。

7.他请我们参加做游戏。

8.我要你把真相告诉我。

9.卫兵命令我们立即离开。

10.明天我要找人来修理机器。

11.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。

12.痛苦使得他叫喊起来。

13.我们不会让她在晚上外出的。

14.他每个月理一次发。

15.我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。

16.那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了

17.她正在听人家讲故事。

18.男孩子们都在看士兵们操练。

19.我从来没看见这个字这样用过。

20.他感到很难跟你交谈。

21.我想乘船去那里更舒服些。

22.我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。

23.学校定了一条规则,开始上课时学生要起立。

24.我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。

参考答案

1.We call her Alice.2.His parents named him John.3.All of us considered him honest.4.They pushed the door open.5.They have set the thief free.6.We will make our school more beautiful.7.He asked us to join in the game.8.I want you to tell me the truth.9.The guards ordered us to leave at once.10.Tomorrow I’ll have someone repair the machine.11.Every morning we hear him read English aloud.12.The pain made him cry out.初高中衔接教学材料----基本句型

13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.We won’t let her go out at night.He has his hair cut once a month.I’ll get my recorder mended.The terrible sound made the children frightened.She is listening to someone telling stories.The boys were watching the soldiers drilling.I have never seen the word used that way before.He felt it very difficult to talk with you.I think it more comfortable to go there by ship.I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins.I thought it no use talking with that man

基本句型 汉译英练习There be 句型

说明:

此句型是由 there + be + 主语 + 状语 构成,用以表达存在有,一种无主语的有。它其实是倒装的一种情况,主语位于谓语动词 be 之后,there 仅为引导词,并无实际语。Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致,有时态和情态变化。如,现在有 there is/are … 过去有 there was/were…

将来有 there will be…/there is /are going to be...现在已经有 there has/have been… 可能有 there might be...肯定有 there must be …/there must have been...过去一直有 there used to be …

似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be …

碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be …

此句型有时不用be动词,而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive,等。翻译练习:

1.今晚没有会。

2.这个村子过去只有一口井。

3.这个学校有一名音乐老师和一名美术老师。

4.客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。初高中衔接教学材料----基本句型

5.天气预报说下午有大风。

6.灯亮着,办公室里肯定有人。

7.战前这儿一直有家电影院的。

8.恰好那时房里没人。

9.从前,在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。

10.公共汽车来了。

11.就只剩下二十八美元了。

12.在这个山洞前面长着一棵高大的松树。

13.铃响了。

14.二月份有二十八天。

参考答案:

1.There isn’t going to be a meeting tonight.2.There was only a well in the village.3.There is(are)a teacher of music and a teacher of art in the school.4.Among the guests there were two Americans and two Frenchmen.5.The weatherman says there’ll be a strong wind in the afternoon.6.The light is on.There must be someone ion the office.7.There used to be a cinema here before the war.8.There happened to be nobody in the room.9.Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.10.There comes the bus.11.There remained just twenty-eight dollars.12.In front of the cave, there stands(grows)a tall pine tree.13.There goes the bell.14.There are twenty-eight days in February

第二篇:英语五种基本句型教案

英语五种基本句型教案

(1515.1516班

授课老师蒋茉华)

一.Teaching Goals教学目标: 1.Ability Goals能力目标:

a.Learn some detail information about the basic structures of English sentences;b.Improve the students’ ability of analyze the structure of sentences;c.Enable the students to translate the English sentences 2.Learning Ability Goals学能目标:

Help the students grasp the ability of constructing new sentences.3.Emotion情感目标:

a.Learn how to cooperate with others;b.Build the self-confidence of students

二.Teaching Important Points教学重点: a.The five basic English structures;b.Constructing English sentences;c.Train the students’ ability of translating complex sentences

三.Teaching Difficult Points 教学难点

a.Train the ability how to write the right sentences, including the complex ones;b.Train the ability of analyzing the whole passage and give the main ideas of the passage or paragraphs

四.Teaching Aids 教学设备

A computer, a projector and some slides

五.Teaching Procedures Step 1 Show to the students the basic structures 基本句型一: S +V(主+谓)

基本句型二: S +V+ P(主+谓+表)基本句型三: S +V+ O(主+谓+宾)

基本句型四: S +V+ o+ O(主+谓+间宾+直宾)基本句型五: S+ V+ O+ C(主+谓+宾+宾补

句型1: Subject(主语)+ Verb(谓语)此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思,这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,动词后不可以直接接宾语,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。常见的动词如:work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如:

1.The sun was shining.太阳在照耀着。2.The moon rose.月亮升起了。3.The universe remains.宇宙长存。

4.We all breathe, eat, and drink.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。5.Who cares? 管它呢?

6.What he said does not matter.他所讲的没有什么关系。7.They talked for half an hour.他们谈了半个小时。8.The pen writes smoothly.这支笔书写流利。

1.Time 2.The moon 3.The man 4.We all 5.Everybody 6.I 7.They 8.He 9.He 10.They V(不及物动词)flies.rose.cooked.eat, and drink.laughed? woke.talked for half an hour.walked yesterday.is playing.have gone.句型2:Subject(主语)+ Link.V(系动词)+ Predicate(表语)此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词,这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类:(1)表示状态。这样的词有:be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。如: 1)This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。2)He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。

3)Several players lay flat on the playground.几个队员平躺在操场上。4)We should remain modest and prudent any time.我们在任何时候都应该保持谦虚谨慎。

5)This kind of food tastes terrible.这种食物吃起来很糟糕。6)The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance.这幅画在一定的距离看更漂亮一些。

(2)表示变化。这类系动词有:become, turn, get, grow, go等。如:

1)Spring comes.It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。2)The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。

3)Spring comes.It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。4)Don't have the food.It has gone bad.不要吃那种食物,已经变质了。5)The facts prove true.事实证明是正确的。

S 1.This 2.The dinner 3.He 4.Everything 5.He 6.The book 7.The weather 8.His face

P(表语)

an English dictionary.good.happy.different.tall and strong.interesting.warmer.red.句型3:Subject(主语)+ Verb(谓语)+ Object(宾语)

这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词,就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语,其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。此句型句子的共同特点是:谓V(是系动词)is smells(闻)fell looks is is became turned 语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。例:

1)He took his bag and left.(名词)他拿着书包离开了。2)Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties.(代词)当我遇到困难时,李雷总能给我帮助。

3)She plans to travel in the coming May Day.(不定式)她打算在即将到来的“五一”外出旅游。

4)I don’t know what I should do next.(从句)我不知道下一步该干什么 5)You can put the books in your bag.你可以把书放在书包里。

6)Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.我们这里的农民种很多种蔬菜。7)She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.她失去了在舞台上露面的机会。

8)I prefer to make web pages.我更喜欢做网页。

1.Who 2.She 3.He 8.He 5.They 6.Danny 7.I 4.He V(实义动词)knows laugh at understands made ate likes want said O(宾语)the answer? her.English.cakes.some apples.donuts.to have a cup of tea.“Good morning.” 句型4: Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+ Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object(直接宾语)此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。这种句型中,直接宾语为主要宾语,表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的,在句中不可或缺,常常由表示“物”的名词来充当;间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语,去掉之后,对整个句子的影响不大,多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有:buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。如:

1)Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present.她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。

2)The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.老人经常给孩子们讲述长征途中那些英雄的故事。

3)Yesterday her father bought her a bicycle as a birthday present.昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。

4)The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March.老人正在给孩子们讲长征中的故事。

这种句型还可转换为其他两种句型:1)动词 + 宾语 + for sb.; 2)动词 + 宾语+to sb.Please show me your picture.=Please show your picture to me.请把你的画给我看一下。

I'll offer you a good chance as long as you don t lose heart.=I'll offer a good chance for you as long as you don't lose heart.只要你不失去信心,我会给你提供机会的。

1.She 2.She 3.He 4.He 5.I 6.I 7.I 8.He

O(多指物)a new dress.a delicious meal.a dictionary.nothing.my pictures.a hand.how to run the machine.that the bus was late.句型5: Subject(主语)+Verb(动词)+Object(宾语)+Complement(补语)

此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。这种句型中的“宾语+补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等;或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。常见的动词有: tell, ask, advise, help, want, would like, order, force, allow等。如: 1)You should keep the room clean and tidy.你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。(形容词)2)We made him our monitor.(名词)我们选他当班长。

3)His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。4)My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball.(现在分词)5)Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans.(过去分词)6)Keep the children quiet, please.请让孩子们安静下来。7)He painted the wall white.他把墙漆成白色。

8)We found him an honest person.我们发现他是一个诚实的人。

9)His mother told him not to play on the street.他母亲告诉他不要在街上玩。

注意:动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时,不带to。如:

6)The boss made him do the work all day.老板让他整天做那项工作。7)I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night.昨天晚上我听见她在隔壁唱了一个晚上。V(及物)passed cooked brought bought showed gave told showed o(多指人)

him her husband you her him him me S 1.We 2.They 3.They 4.They 5.What 6.We 7.He 8.I

V(及物)keep painted call found makes saw asked saw

O(宾语)

the table the door supper the house him him me them

C(宾补)

clean.green.dinner.dirty.sad? out.tocome back soon.getting on the bus.Step 2:There be 句型: 此句型是由 there + be + 主语 + 状语构成,用以表达存在有,一种无主语的有。它其实是倒装的一种情况,主语位于谓语动词 be 之后,there 仅为引导词,并无实际语。Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致,有时态和情态变化。如,现在有 there is/are …

过去有 there was/were…

将来有 there will be…/there is /are going to be...现在已经有 there has/have been…

可能有 there might be...肯定有 there must be …/there must have been...过去一直有 there used to be …

似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be …

碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be …

此句型有时不用be动词,而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive, 等。

Step 3 Exercises and homework Ask the students to translate sentences;Review what we’ve learned in class

第三篇:英语五种基本句型小结

英语五种基本句型小结

山东枣庄qazxswzxz1010 根据句子的基本结构,英语句子可简单的分为以下五种:

一、主语+谓语(S + V)

“主语+不及物动词”构成句子的主体部分,后面不能跟宾语,但可以跟状语。

e.g.He cooks.他烧饭。

They are drinking.他们正在喝东西。He runs in the park.他在公园里跑步。

二、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语(S + V + O)

在这种句型中,谓语动词是及物动词。后面可以直接跟宾语。宾语一般是由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式等来充当。e.g.She made cakes.她做了蛋糕。

They are eating meat.他们正在吃肉。She likes reading.她喜欢读书。I want to sleep.我想睡觉。

三、主语 + 系动词 + 表语(S + V + P)

常见的系动词有以下几种:

1.be动词(am / is / are / was / were / been)2.四变: get / become / turn / go 3.感官动词: look / feel / taste / sound / smell 4.另外还有keep, remain等都可以作为系动词。

表语一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、数词、动词不定式等来承担。

e.g.We are students.我们是学生。

The days get longer and longer.白天变得越来越长。The food goes bad.食物变质了。He seems worried.他似乎很着急。You must keep healthy.你必须保持健康。Tom is in China now.汤姆现在在中国。

四、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S + V + InO+ DO)

这种结构就是我们所说的双宾语。其中前一个宾语指人,称为间接宾语,一般放在直接宾语的前面,也可以放在直接宾语后面,但要用介词to 或for 隔开。后一个是直接宾语,一般指物。

1.与to连用的动词有give, pass, bring, send, tell, teach, take, show 等, to一般表示方向。

e.g.Please show me the photos.(=Please show the photos to me.)请让我看看那些照片。

I gave him a book.(=I gave a book to him.)我把书给了他。

2.与for 连用的动词有buy, get, find, cook, make, grow, sing等,for一般表示对象。

e.g.My mother bought a birthday cake for me yesterday.(=My mother bought me a birthday cake yesterday.)我妈妈昨天给我买了一个生日蛋糕。

The singer sang three songs for us just now.(=The singer sang us three songs just now.)那名歌手刚才给我们唱了三首歌。

注意: 如果直接宾语和间接宾语同时为代词,那么只能把直接宾语放在前面。

e.g.翻译:把它们给我。

误:Give me them, please.正:Give them to me,please.五、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(S + V + O + C)

我们先来看一个例子:I find that he is clever.这是一个“主语+谓语+宾语”结构,其中宾语“he is clever”是一个从句。“I find him clever.”才是“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构。这种句型的及物动词后的宾语还需要再加上宾语补足语意义才完整。可以作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、动词、动词不定式、现在分词、介词短语等。

1.当名词作宾语补足语时动词一般有:call, name, make, find, get, think等。

e.g.They named him James.他们给他取名詹姆斯。We made her monitor.我们让她当班长。

2.当形容词作宾语补足语时动词一般有:keep, make, find, get, think等。

e.g.We must keep the windows closed at night.我们必须在晚上关上窗户。

He made the children happy.他使孩子们开心。

3.动词不定式作宾语补足语有以下两种情况:

① 有些动词跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,这些动词一般有:ask, tell, want, teach, wish, get等。

e.g.He told me to stay at home.他告诉我要我待在家里。

② 有些动词跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,我们把它们总结为:一感(feel)二听(listen to, hear)三让(let, have, make)四看(see, look at, watch, notice)。

e.g.Let me help you.让我来帮你。He made us laugh.他使我们发笑。

I saw them play on the ground.我看到他们在地上玩。

注意: help后动词可带to也可不带to。

e.g.I often help my mother(to)do the housework.我经常帮妈妈做家务。

4.后面跟现在分词作宾语补足语的动词一般有: listen to, see, hear, look at, watch, notice, find, keep等,表示后面的动作正在进行。e.g.I heard the girl next door playing the piano.我听到隔壁的那个女孩正在弹钢琴。

第四篇:英语简单句五种基本句型详解

基本句型

英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的,英语可能要放在后面;而汉语放后面的,英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话,如果用词不同,句中的次序也会有变化。比如,“我每天骑自行车上学”,可以表达为 I go to school by bike every day.也可以表达为I ride to school every day.如果用图表分析一下,我们会看得更清楚:

这三个语句除了行为者“I”的位置没有变化外,其它都发生了变化,并且由于“上学”表达方式的不同,在句中的位置也发生了变化。

句子成分详解一览表及巧记口诀

句子成分 学记口诀

主语谓语是基础,宾表定状补辅助。

宾主来自名代数,动词作谓不可无。

简单句的五种基本句型

英语是一种结构型的语言,以谓语动词为核心构成各种句型。为了帮助你掌握英语的句

型,本节课我们一起来总结一下英语的基本句型。

4.主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语(+ 状语)

5.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(+ 状语)

第五篇:英语五种基本句型结构 2

英语六种基本句型结构

句型1: Subject(主语)+ Verb(谓语)

这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,所谓不及物动词,就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。常见的动词如:work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如:

1)Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。

2)The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。

3)Spring is coming.4)We have lived in the city for ten years.句型2:Subject(主语)+ Link.V(系动词)+ Predicate(表语)这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类:

(1)表示状态。这样的词有:be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。如:

1)This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。

2)He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。

(2)表示变化。这类系动词有:become, turn, get, grow, go等。如:

1)Spring comes.It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。

2)The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。

句型3:Subject(主语)+ Verb(谓语)+ Object(宾语)

这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词,就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语,其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。例:

1)He took his bag and left.(名词)他拿着书包离开了。

2)Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties.(代词)当我遇到困难时,李雷总能给我帮助。

3)She plans to travel in the coming May Day.(不定式)她打算在即将到来的“五一”外出旅游。

4)I don’t know what I should do next.(从句)我不知道下一步该干什么。注意:英语中的许多动词既是及物动词,又是不及物动词。

句型4: Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+ Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object(直接宾语)

这种句型中,直接宾语为主要宾语,表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的,在句中不可或缺,常常由表示“物”的名词来充当;间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语,去掉之后,对整个句子的影响不大,多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有:buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。搭配to的动词有:give, lend, pass, send, show, write, tell等;搭配for的动词有:build, buy, cook, find, get, make等。如:

1)Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。

2)The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.老人经常给孩子们讲述长征途中那些英雄的故事。上述句子还可以表达为:

1)Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present.2)The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.句型5: Subject(主语)+Verb(动词)+Object(宾语)+Complement(补语)

这种句型中的“宾语 + 补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等;或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。如:

1)You should keep the room clean and tidy.你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。(形容词)

2)We made him our monitor.(名词)我们选他当班长。

3)His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。

4)My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball.(现在分词)

5)Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans.(过去分词)

● 常见的动词有: tell, ask, advise, help, want, would like, order, force, allow等。

● 注意:动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时,不带to。如:

1)The boss made him do the work all day.老板让他整天做那项工作。

2)I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night.昨天晚上我听见她在隔壁唱了一个晚上。

句型6: There be......1.There be...句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”,其结构为There be(is,are,was, were)+名词+地点状语。例如:

There are fifty-two students in our class.There is a pencil in my pencil-case.There was an old house by the river five years ago.2.如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语,be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致,也就是我们常说的 “就近原则”。例如:

There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.3.There be句型和havehas的区别:

There be句型表示 “存在有”, havehas表示 “拥有” “所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如: 桌子上有三本书.There are three books on the desk.我有三本书.I have three books.4.There be + 主语 + doing +介词短语.例如:

There is a truck collecting rubbish outside.There is a wallet lying on the ground.

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