安徽省2012届高考英语一轮复习 M5 Unit 13 People精品学案 北师大版

第一篇：安徽省2012届高考英语一轮复习 M5 Unit 13 People精品学案 北师大版

Unit13 People Module5 课堂点拨

1、concentrate vi.集中注意力；使集中

① concentrate(on/upon)把……集中在……上，专心致志于 You must concentrate on your work.你必须专心于你的工作。

② concentrate one's attention on/upon

I tried to concentrate my attention upon my chemical researches.我尽力专心于我的化学研究。

concentration n.专心，集中

This book will need all your concentration.读这本书需要你专心。完成句子。

1.我决定全力以赴找个住的地方。

I decided to concentrate all my efforts on finding somewhere to live.2.这本书需要全神贯注才能读懂。

This book requires a great deal of concentration.2、draw up 草拟，制订；(使)车、马等停住 draw up a plan/a will/a contract 制订计划/写下遗嘱/起草合同 The car drew up at the door.汽车在门口停了下来。与draw相关的短语 draw apart分开，分手 draw away 拉开，离开；超过 draw in(火车等)进站 draw off 脱去(手套等)；撤退 draw on戴上(手套)；穿上(靴子等)draw out 拉长，拖长；提款；(火车等)离站

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3、predict vt.预言，预报

It is virtually impossible to predict the future accurately.精确预言未来的事实际上是办不到的。prediction n.预言，预报

predictor n.进行预测的人(预言家)或者仪器 predictable adj.可预测的 predictable result 可预测的结果

4、deserve(＝be worthy of)vt.&vi.应受，值得；应该得到

① deserve punishment/reward 应受处罚/奖赏 ② You deserve it.这是你应得的。③ deserve to do/to be done ④ deserve to do 应该

⑤ to deserve ill/well of 有罪/功于 汉译英。

1.他应该得到父母的表扬。

He deserves praise from his parents/to be praised by his parents.2.应该再给他一次机会。

He deserves another chance.5、end up 结束；最终成为；最后处于 The politician finally ended up his speech.这位政治家终于结束了演说。

① end up ＋ prep.② end up doing ③ end up ＋ adj.④ end up as… end up, end with与end in ① end up有“以……告终”之意，常暗含不好或指到达的最终状态；② end with指“以……结束”(事先安排)； ③ end in指“在……当中结束”(不好的结果)。完成句子。

1.如果你继续偷下去，终有一天你会坐牢的。

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求、索取，如：claim the right to manage one's own affairs 索回自己处理自己事务的权利； ④ request(正式或礼貌的)要求，请求

8、accuse vt.指责，控告

accuse sb.of carelessness指责某人粗心

He is accused of stealing money from his workplace.他被指控从单位偷钱。同义词：charge sb.with sth.汉译英。

他被指控犯了谋杀罪。

He was charged with murder./ He was accused of murder.missing与lost ① missing指“缺失的，失踪的”。

The book has two pages missing.这本书缺了两页。

② lost指“迷途的；失去的，丢失的，丧失的”，与missing相比，lost表“丢失”时多指“已证实不能找回”。

a lost opportunity错过的机会

one‘s lost youth逝去的青春

a lost pen遗失的钢笔

9、用missing, lost的适当形式填空。

1.My dog has been missing for a whole day.Did you happen to see him anywhere? 2.Don't bother to search for it.It has been lost.glare at, glance at与stare at ①glare at 怒视

He glared at me as if I were his enemy.他怒视着我，似乎我是他的敌人。②glance at＝glimpse at 瞥一眼

He glanced at his watch, knowing it was time to leave.他看了下表，知道该离开了。③stare at 睁大眼睛盯着，也有凝视之意

Don't stare at others all the time.It's impolite.不要总盯着别人看，这是不礼貌的。

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汉译英。

1.能和别人谈谈这件事，感到舒心多了。

It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it.2.令我非常庆幸的是车并没有损坏。

Much to my relief the car was not damaged.13、whisper vt.，vi.&n.耳语，密谈；飒飒响 He said it in a whisper so I did not hear.他是悄声说的，所以我没有听见。① whisper to sb.对某人窃窃私语 ② whisper about sth.密谈某事

14、devote vt.奉献

devote oneself/sth.to sb./sth., 表示为某物/人付出时间/精力 ① be devoted to(doing)sth.忠诚于；贡献给；被用于 ② devoted adj.热心的，全心全意的＝loyal ③ devotion(to)n.挚爱；关爱；奉献；忠诚；专心 汉译英。

1.他将一生奉献给了音乐。(devote… to…)

He devoted himself entirely to music.2.她深爱着她的孩子们。(be devoted to)

She is devoted to her children.3.他对妻子和家人的关爱感人至深。(devotion)

His devotion to his wife and family is touching.4.她是一位全心全意奉献的母亲。(devoted)

She is a devoted mother.5.请把更多的时间用于工作。(devote)

Please devote more time to your work.15、influence n．&vt.影响，作用；感化力；势力

She used her influence with the chairman to get me the job.她利用对主席的影响使我得到了这份工作。

① have an influence on 对……有影响

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D It为形式主语，that引导主语从句。

It's_generally_believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life.(P9)（）3.(2010·浙江卷)Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun.Isn't it rather risky, ______？

A.though

B.also

C.either

D.too A 根据句意：在冰场上玩耍听起来很有趣。然而会不会有危险呢？前后两句之前是明显的转折关系，所以选择though。

Let me tell you the rest of the story, though.(P14)如何增加亮点(Ⅰ)

要想把一篇文章写好、写完美，并列句、复合句的使用固然给文章润色不少，但是高效词汇和复杂句型的使用更能给文章增加亮点。具体说来，可以尝试以下方法：

1.交叉使用长句与短句

根据实际情况在文章中交替使用长句与短句，使文章显得错落有致，这样不仅使文章在形式上增加美感，而且使文章读起来铿锵有力。

[例]中午我们在太阳下吃野餐。休息一会儿后，我们唱歌的唱歌，跳舞的跳舞，还有的讲故事、下棋，大家玩得很开心。

[一般句]At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine.Then we had a short rest.Then we began to play happily.We sang and danced.Some told stories.Some played chess.[优秀句]At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine.After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling stories and playing chess.2.避免同一词语的重复使用

为了使文章更生动、更富表现力，同学们在写作时应尽量避免重复使用同一词语来表示同一意思，如有的同学一看到“喜欢”二字，就会立刻想起like，事实上，英语中表示类似意思的词和短语很多，如love, enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for等。[例]我喜欢读书，而我的弟弟喜欢看电视。

[一般句]I like reading while my brother likes watching television.[优秀句]I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.3.适当使用短语代替单词 [例]他已决定长大了当老师。

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第二篇：安徽省2012届高考英语一轮复习M6 Unit 17 Laughter精品学案 北师大版

Unit17 LaughterModule6 课堂点拨

1、amuse vt.娱乐，使……高兴，使……发笑 ① amuse sb.by/with sth.用……取悦/逗乐

The teacher amused the children with a story.老师讲故事取悦孩子们。

② amuse oneself by/with doing sth.靠……消遣，取乐，自娱，解闷 ③ amusement n.文娱活动，娱乐，消遣

Big cities have theatres, films, basketball matches and many other amusements.大城市有戏剧、电影、篮球比赛以及许多其他的娱乐活动。④ do sth.for amusement 做某事以消遣 ⑤ amusement park 游乐园 ⑥ amusing adj.有趣的 汉译英。

1.小丑的滑稽表演逗得我们哈哈大笑。

We were all highly amused by the comedian's antics.2.体育运动不应纯粹看成是娱乐。

Sports should not be treated only as amusements.3.他通过阅读疑案故事来消遣。He amused himself by reading mysteries.4.他的主要消遣是看小说。His chief amusement is reading novels.2、overlook vi.俯瞰；忽视，不理会

He overlooked the spelling mistakes.他忽视了拼写错误。类似组合的词

overcome战胜，克服，胜过，征服

overload 超载

overhang 悬挂

overhead 在头顶上(的)

overweight超重的 over-optimistic 过分乐观

overconfident过分自信

overanxious 过于急切

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专心overjoyed 十分高兴的overcast阴云密布的 overproduction 生产过剩

overtime加班 汉译英。

1.你不能小看那个问题。You can't overlook that problem.2.山上的房屋俯视村庄。

The house on the hill overlooks the village.3、delay ① vt.拖延，延误，延迟，耽搁 The heavy rain delayed our journey.大雨耽搁了我们的行程。delay doing sth.推迟做某事 ② vi.延缓

I have again delayed long in answering your letter.我又迟迟没给你回信。③ n.[U] 延迟

There must be no delay in forwarding the goods.发送货物不得延误。

without delay 毫不迟疑地，马上 delay, postpone与put off ① delay强调因某种困难或障碍而延误，动作主体是困难本身，延迟的时间不确定。② postpone或put off：动作主体是人，表示有意识地推迟、延迟，时间确定。完成句子。

1．索赔从速，逾期利益可能受损。

Don't delay claiming or you may lose benefit.2．得知母亲生病的消息，她马上赶回家。

Knowing that her mother was ill, she went back home without delay.用delay, postpone, put off的适当形式填空。

3.My father fell ill all of a sudden, which delayed our trip.4.Because of the heavy rain, we have decided to postponed/put off our sports meeting until next 用心

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It has got dark when he got home.用get的相关词组填空。1.昨天我收到我兄弟的来信。

I got a letter from my brother yesterday.2.我正准备去理发。I'm going to get my hair cut.3.他到家时，天已黑了。

It has got dark when he got home.4.情况正在好转。Things are getting better.5.我是1980年认识他的。I got to know him in 1980.6.这种生活我已经习惯了。

I've got used to this kind of life.6、from time to time 不时地

同义词：occasionally, often, once in a while, now and then, now and again, at times time短语

① as time goes on 随着时间的流逝

② save time 节省时间

③ at a time 同时(＝at the same time)；一次 ④ at any time 随时；在任何时候 ⑤ at one time 过去；曾经 ⑥ for the time being 当前，暂时 ⑦ for a time 一时，一度

⑧ have a good time 过得很好，玩得开心 ⑨ in no time 很快地

⑩ all the time 一直，始终，老是

⑪ at all times 随时，不论什么时候；总是，始终 ⑫ at no time 从不，从来没有 ⑬ in time 不太晚；及时；迟早

on time 准时；不早不晚

⑭ kill time 消磨时间

⑮ in spare time 业余时间 ⑯ take your time 不要着急；慢慢地做

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3.我们仍想不出怎样去做这件事。

We still haven't figured out how to do it.8、resist vt.反抗，抵抗，抵制；忍得住 He is in good health — he is able to resist diseases.他身体健康，能抵抗疾病。① resist invasion 抵抗侵略 ② resist temptation 抵制诱惑

③ can't resist/help doing sth.禁不住干某事 ④ resist doing sth.抵制干某事 汉译英。

1.巧克力太美味了，我真是无法抵挡。

Chocolates are so tasty that I can't resist them.2.她只要是在商场，就会忍不住买东西。

As long as she is in the store, she can't resist/help buying things.9、forbid(forbade, forbidden)vt.禁止，不许 ① forbid sth.Lack of time forbids any further discussion at the point.由于时间不够，现在不能深入讨论这个问题。

② forbid sb.to do sth/forbid sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 I forbid you to tell/from telling anyone.我不许你告诉任何人。③ Forbidden City 紫禁城 汉译英。

1.这里不许停车。Parking is forbidden here.2.我的老师不准我上课睡觉。(一句多译)My teacher forbade me to sleep in class.My teacher forbade me from sleeping in class.My teacher forbade my sleeping in class.10、run into(run，ran，run)跑进；陷入；偶然遇见(＝come across)用心

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I have nothing further to say in this regard.在这方面，我没什么要说的了。

③ in/with regard to sb./sth.关于；至于 完成句子。

1.人们认为他是镇里最好的牙医。

He was regarded as the best dentist in the town.2.他不顾及我在此事上的感情继续往下说。

He continued speaking, regardless of my feelings on the matter.12、astonish vt.使某人惊讶(宾语必须是人，相当于surprise)① astonishment n.吃惊 ② astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 ③ astonished adj.(感到)吃惊/惊讶的 用astonish的适当形式填空。

I find it absolutely astonishing that you didn‘t like it.2.She astonished us by saying she was leaving.3.My parents looked astonished at my news.13、convince vt.使(人)确信；使(人)信服(宾语必须是人，常用被动语态)① convince sb.of sth./convince that 使某人相信 ② convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事 完成句子。

1.他们试图说服他买一辆更便宜的车。

They tried to convince him to buy a cheaper car.2.他终于相信他错了。

He is finally convinced that he is wrong.14、starve ① vi.挨饿 starve to death 饿死 starve sb./into(doing)sth.断绝食物(或资金)来源以迫使某人(做)某事

starve sb./sth.of sth.用心

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① for sb.'s good 为了某人好 I am telling you this for your good.我告诉你这个是为你好。② good of the public 公众的利益 汉译英。

这药对你有好处。This medicine does you good.17、But before I could catch any of the creatures, I felt a hundred needles stick into my hand.(P26)

但我还没来得及抓住任何一个小人，我就觉得有上百颗针扎进了我的手上。

before conj.在……之前；还没来得及 …… 就；趁……(还没有)prep.前面(＝in front of), 在……以前(＝earlier than)；adv.以前(＝at an earlier time/in the past)用于It ＋ be ＋ 时间段 ＋ before…句型中，意思是“在……之后才……”。如果主句中用否定式，则表示“不多久……就”。强调的是时间的先后顺序；…not…until…句型则表示“……直到……才”，强调与以前的情况相反。完成句子。

1.不等我说一句话，她就冲出了房间。

Before I could say a word，she had stormed out of the room.2.他们不久就会互相了解的。

It won't be long before they understand each other.3.他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。

They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up.4.凡事在成熟前，都是有苦味的。

There is nothing that has not been bitter before being ripe.用before, until填空。

5.The noise of the street didn't stop until midnight.6.It will be some time before we know the full results.7.It was not until he told me that I knew it.8.The children played on the playground until/till it was dark.单项填空。

（）9.The American Civil War lasted four years ______ the North won in the end.A.before

B.when 用心

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0and mental health.A．of;at

B．by;in

C．of;on

D．on；at C be convinced of… “相信……”。

…Rowan was not convinced himself, until he met a group of talented people…(P25)

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第三篇：安徽省2012届高考英语一轮复习M7 Unit 20 New Frontiers精品学案 北师大版

Unit20 New Frontiers Module7 课堂点拨

1、conflict ① n.冲突，争执，矛盾

The government has done nothing to solve the conflict over workers' pay.政府未采取任何措施来解决工人工资问题引起的冲突。come into conflict发生冲突/争执

John often comes into conflict with his boss.约翰经常和他的老板发生争执。② v．冲突，抵触

conflict with sb./sth.与……有分歧 These results conflict with earlier findings.这些结果与早期的发现相矛盾。完成句子。

1.你的请求与我的职责相抵触。Your request conflicts with my duties.2.这两个室友经常闹矛盾。

These two roommates often come into conflict.3.民主原则有时与政治现实发生冲突。

The principles of democracy are sometimes in conflict with political reality.2、electronic adj.电子的

The firm is Britain's main producer of electronic equipment.该公司是英国主要的电子设备制造厂家。

① electronic music 电子音乐/electronic organ 电子琴/electronic computer 电子计算机② electricity n．[U]电，电流 ③ electrician n．电工 electronic, electric与electrical ① electronic电子的，和电子有关的 electronic industry电子工业

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② electric电的，用电的，带电的

指任何电动的或发电的装置，被修饰的物体本身可带电。如：electric light，electric stove，electric piano，electric motor，electric bell。③ electrical电的，与电有关的，电气科学的 指与电有关的事物，被修饰的词本身并不能带电。

如：electrical engineer, electrical energy, electrical engineering。用electric, electrical, electronic填空。

1.There are many electronic products in the supermarket.2.The killer was put to death in the electric chair in the film.3．All the electrical work is done by George.4．Please connect the two electric wires.5．He buried himself in an electronic book.6．This dictionary is available in electronic version.3、take over 接手，接替，接管；控制

The firm has been taken over by an American conglomerate.该公司已被美国一家企业集团接管。

take短语

① take after sb.与某人像 ② take care 小心 ③ take off 起飞 ④ take on 流行；呈现 ⑤ take in 收留；欺骗

⑥ take…by surprise 让……大吃一惊，突然袭击 ⑦ take up 填满，占据；从事

⑧ take sth.for granted 想当然，认为某事是当然的 用take短语适当的形式完成句子。1.He was homeless, so we took him in.2.Don't trust that man;he'll take you in if he gets the chance.3.The factory has taken on a new look.4.I won't take up any more of your time.用心

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第四篇：安徽省2012届高考英语一轮复习M3 Unit 8 Adventure精品学案 北师大版

Unit8 Adventure Module3 课堂点拨

on the fire与on fire ①on the/a fire在火上；

②on fire 着火

I'm hungry.Let's cook something to eat on a fire.我饿了。咱们在火上烤点东西吃吧。Look, the house is on fire.Let's call the police.瞧，房子着火了。咱们报警吧。

1、① play with fire 玩火 ② catch fire 着火 ③ make a fire 生火 ④ fire­alarm 火警警报器

⑤ fire­brigade 消防队fire-fighter 消防队员 ⑥ set sth.on fire＝set fire to sth.放火，纵火 完成句子。

1.几个年轻人纵火焚烧警车。Several youths set fire to the police car.2.蜡烛把窗帘燃起来了。A candle set the curtains on fire.adventure与risk ① adventure n.强调“历险”，指冒险经历，奇遇 ② risk n.危险，风险，会带来风险的人或事物；

vt.使……冒风险，冒……的风险

2、We had quite an adventure when we were on holiday in Europe.We got lost in the Alps.我们在欧洲旅行时遭遇了一次历险。我们在阿尔卑斯山上迷路了。

If you go out in this weather, there is a risk of catching cold.用心

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在这种天气外出有可能会感冒。① at one's own risk 自担风险

② at the risk of doing sth.冒着做某事的危险 ③ risk one's health/fortune/life

冒丧失健康/财富/生命之险 ④ risk doing sth.冒险做某事 用risk, adventure的适当形式填空。

1.If you skate on thin ice there is a risk of your falling through.2.When you're a child, life is one big adventure.3.You're crazy to risk your money on an investment like that!完成句子。

4.我们受到忠告，在这种条件下不要冒险出行。We've been advised not to risk travelling in these conditions.5.汤姆在沙漠中有许多冒险经历。Tom had a lot of adventures in the desert.3、prepare 准备；使适合 ① prepare sth.把某事准备好

prepare breakfast/lunch/supper(for sb.)② prepare sb.for 为……而辅导或训练某人 ③ prepare to do sth.准备做某事

④ be prepared to do sth./be prepared for sth.准备好做某事

There was no news and we were prepared for the worst.由于没有任何消息，我们做好了最坏的打算。汉译英。

1.他正在准备明天集会的演说。

He is preparing his speech for the meeting tomorrow.2.你得承担做这种工作的风险。

You have to be prepared to take risks in this kind of job.3.我愿意把书借给你，你得答应还给我。

I am prepared to lend you the book if you promise to return it.用心

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Does the key fit the lock? 4.他的经验使他适合干这个工作。

His experience fitted him to do/for the job.用fit, match, suit的适当形式填空。5.The role does not suit him.6.The shoes do not fit me.You see, my feet hurt.7.It is difficult to find a time that suits everybody.8.The color of the shirt does not match that of the coat.9.They are equally matched in their knowledge of Chinese.10.You look nice in green.Green suits you.11.At golf they were very evenly matched.5、differ vi.不同，不一致

① differ from 表示“前者不同于后者”。Modern cars differ from the early ones.现代汽车不同于早期汽车。

② differ with表示“与……持不同意见”。We differ with him(on/over/about)that question.我们跟他在那个问题上意见不合。

③ differ in 表示“两个以上的人或事在某个方面(如大小、颜色、价格、兴趣等)有区别”。She and her sister differ in eye color.她跟她姐姐眼睛的颜色不同。① different adj.be different from/to与……不同

It was quite different from what I expected.它和我原来想的很不一样。② difference n.make no difference(对某物)没有影响；(对某人)不重要，无所谓 ③ tell the difference between…and… 分辨……和……的不同之处 汉译英。

用心

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她生病时受了不少罪。④ 完成，用光

He went through his salary in three days.他3天内把工资花光了。

① put sb./sth.through(to sb.)为某人接通(打给某个人的)电话 ② get through with sth.完成(工作等)③ look through sth.快速检查/阅读某事物 ④ look sth.through 仔细检查某事物

⑤ see through sb./sth.看穿、识破某人/事

⑥ see sb.through sth.帮助、支持某人(渡过难关等)⑦ sweep through 蔓延，席卷 完成句子。

1.雨水湿透了我的上衣。The rain has gone through my coat.2.让我们将这些论据再详细讨论一遍。Let's go through the argument again.3.既然我们已经开始干，我们就要干到底。

Since we have started it we shall have to go through with it.用through的有关短语的适当形式填空。

4.Her courage and good humour saw her through the bad times.5.I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldn't get through.6.I looked/went through the newspaper but didn't find any ads for that product.7.You'd better go through the letters you received yesterday.8、get across 使理解(某事), 讲清楚

The young scientist tried to get his new theory across.这位年轻的科学家设法让人们理解他的新理论。Your meaning didn't really get across.你的意思并未真正为别人理解。

① get about/around/round(消息)传播，走动 ② get along 进展，与……相处

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② break down(因故障等)失灵，失效 ③ break in 强行进入屋内；打断 ④ break into 强行进入某处 ⑤ break out 突然发生

⑥ break through 突破，强行穿过 ⑦ break up 解散，瓦解

完成句子。

1.他们摆脱看守逃跑了。They broke away from the guards.2.机器坏了。

The machine broke down.3.注意听，别老是插嘴。

Listen attentively;don't break in so often.4.我们把钥匙丢了，只好破门而入。

We had to break into the house as we had lost the key.5.昨天此地附近发生了一场火灾。A fire broke out near here yesterday.6.科学家们说，他们在防治癌症方面开始有所突破。

Scientists say they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer.7.警察制止了这场斗殴。The policeman broke up the fight.【提示】

英语中表示“爆发，发生，进行”等意义的词或词组均属于不及物，因此均不能用于被动语态。常用的有：burst(感情等)突然发作；burst forth 向前迸发；burst out 突然发作(后常接doing)；burst into 突然发作(后常接名词)；break out 爆发；happen 发生；take place 发生；go on 发生，进行；get on 进行。

11、prove vt.证明，证实 link-v.证明是…… ① prove sth.② prove(to sb.)that/what/where… ③ It is proved that­clause

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They carried on in spite of the difficult conditions.尽管条件困难，他们仍坚持下去。① carry out 进行，实行

We must carry out the plan to the full.我们必须不折不扣地执行计划。

② carry through 完成，实现；使某人渡过难关 Having made a promise, you must carry it through.既已许下承诺，你必须履行它。完成句子。

1.继续做你的针线活儿，我来给你读一个故事。

Carry on with your sewing while I read you a story.2.他们坚决地执行了交给他们的任务。

They resolutely carried out the tasks assigned to them.3.他的勇气会帮助他克服一切困难。His courage will carry him through all difficulties.4.进行这个实验有些困难。

There is some difficulty in carrying out the experiment.5.我们明天继续谈。

We'll carry on our talk tomorrow.14、aim ① n.[C] 目标，目的；[U] 瞄准，射击目标 His aim was to swim across the strait.他的目标是游过海峡。

② vi.目的是，打算；vt.& vi.瞄准

We aim at developing/to develop new models of machines.我们打算发展新式的机器。① take aim at sb./sth.The hunter took aim at the tiger.猎人瞄准了老虎。② with the aim of…为了……

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0

1.最近你注意到什么变化没有？

Have you observed any changes lately? 2.有人看到他紧跟着她。

He was observed to follow her closely.16、But it's worth_waiting_for.(P25)

但是这值得等待。worth n.价值； 用处

worthy n.要人；知名人士 adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的 worthless adj.无价值的；不重要的 worth, worthwhile与worthy ① worth表示“价值……”时，后接价值数量词；当表示“值得”时，后接名词、代词或动名词(不能接不定式)，常用well修饰，不用very。

② worthwhile意为“值得的”，指花时间、精力、金钱等去做某事是值得的。常见搭配： It's worthwhile doing sth.;It's worthwhile sb.doing sth.;It's worthwhile for sb.to do sth.③ worthy表示“有价值的；可尊敬的”时，常作定语；表示“值得”时，常作表语，结构为 worthy of sth., worthy后面还可接动名词或不定式，结构分别是worthy of being done和worthy to be done。

用worth/worthy/worthwhile填空。

1.This vase was worth five hundred francs at the most.2.Everybody has roots.It is worthwhile to search for his roots.3.She proved herself a worthy successor of the former champion.4.This book is well worth reading and it is worthy of being read a second time.单项填空。

（）5.The scenery of Huangshan Mountain is so fantastic that it's worth______.A.to visit

B.visiting C.being visited

D.to be visited

（）1.(2010·四川卷)After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling, ______turned out to be a wise decision.用心

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第五篇：高考英语一轮复习冠词教学案

第一部分 语法知识及运用

专题1 冠词 考纲展示 命题探究

考点一 冠词的基本用法

基础点 不定冠词的基本用法

(1)不定冠词有a和an两种形式，常位于名词或名词的修饰语前。当紧跟不定冠词的单词的第一个音素为辅音音素(注意：不是辅音字母)时，用a；而当紧跟不定冠词的单词的第．．．．．．．．．．一个音素为元音音素(注意：不是元音字母)时，用an。．．．．．．．．．．a university student 一个大学生 a European writer 一位欧洲作家 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 an ugly man 一个丑陋的人

(2)泛指某个或某类人或物，或者未提到的，对方不熟悉的人或物。I was born in a small village in Hebei Province.我出生在河北的一个小村庄。

(3)用在第一次提到的人或物的名词前，表泛指。

At that time, I was working in a factory.The factory produces car parts.那时，我在一家工厂工作。那家工厂生产各种汽车部件。(4)表示“一”“每一”“同一”或“某一”概念。I will return in a day or two.(＝one)我将在一两天后返回。

The car can run 200 kilometres an hour.(＝per)这种车每小时能行驶200公里。They are of an age.(＝the same)他们年龄相同。

A Mr Smith is waiting for you.(＝a certain)一个叫史密斯的先生在等你。2 定冠词的基本用法

(1)用于上文已经提到过的，或从语境中可判断出谈话双方都知道的人或物前。

He bought a house.I've been to the house.他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。Take the medicine.把药吃了。

(2)用于单数可数名词或形容词及分词前，表“一类人或物”。Who invented the_telephone? 谁发明了电话？

After the explosion, people rushed to help the_injured.爆炸发生后，人们赶到现场帮助受伤的人。

(3)用于序数词、形容词/副词最高级以及形容词only, very, same等前面。Is this the_first_time you have visited Beijing? 这是你第一次游览北京吗？

He runs the_fastest in his class.他是他班跑得最快的。

That's the_very_thing I've been looking for.那正是我要找的东西。

特别提醒

(1)副词的最高级前the可有可无。He runs(the)fastest in his school.他是全校中跑得最快的。

(2)序数词前面也可用不定冠词，但意义与用定冠词不同。I have failed twice, but I'll try a third time.我失败两次了，但我还要再试一次。(强调再一次)March is the third month of a year.三月是一年的第三个月。(强调次序)(4)用于表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇俩”。The_Smiths lived in the apartment above ours.史密斯夫妇住在我们楼上的公寓里。

(5)用于宇宙中独一无二的事物、西洋乐器名词和方位名词前。the moon月亮

play the piano 弹钢琴 the west 西部

(6)用于表示朝代、年代的名词前，或用于整十的数词复数前，表示某个年代。the Ming Dynasty 明朝

in the 1990s或1990's 在20世纪90年代

特别提醒

表示“某人……岁”时，则用“in＋one's＋整十的数词复数”。in his fifties 在他50多岁时

(7)用在表度量单位的名词前，表示“按……计算”。

by the hour 按小时 by the day 按天

特别提醒

如size, weight, time这类名词与by连用时不用冠词。by size 按大小 by weight 按重量

(8)用于固定结构“动词＋sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位”中。hit sb.on the head 打某人的头 take sb.by the arm 抓某人的胳膊 3 零冠词的基本用法

(1)用于不可数名词、复数名词或专有名词前表示泛指，用零冠词。Man needs air_and_water.人类需要空气和水。They are teachers.他们是老师。Beijing 北京

特别提醒

高考中常见的纯不可数名词，它们是：baggage, luggage, furniture, health, weather, fun, space(太空), advice, word(＝news), progress, information, luck, wealth(财产)等。以上不可数名词永远不能与不定冠词连用。

(2)用于表示无特指意义的季节、月份、日期、星期和三餐的名词，及球类、棋类和学科名词前。

in spring 在春天 on Sunday 在周日 have breakfast 吃早餐 play football 踢足球 play chess 下棋

I'm very interested in English.我对英语很感兴趣。

(3)名词前已有this, that, my, your, some, each, no, any等指示代词、形容词性物主代词、限定词以及名词所有格等限定时不再用冠词。

She is not my type of woman.她不是我心目中的那类女人。

His heart was beating wildly with fear.他的心因害怕而狂跳不已。

(4)表示独一无二的头衔和职位名词作表语、补足语或同位语时。Mr Smith was elected president of our school.史密斯先生被选为我校校长。

重难点 不定冠词的特殊位置

(1)如果名词前用了many, such等具有限定意义的词和表示感叹的what等词，a(an)必须放在这些词后面，语序为：many/such/what a(an)．..I have never seen such_an interesting film.我从来没看过这么有趣的电影。What_a clever boy he is!他是个多么聪明的男孩啊！

(2)副词quite和rather同形容词连用修饰名词时，quite要置于不定冠词a/an之前，rather可置于不定冠词a/an之前，也可置于其后。

It's quite_a small house.这是一所相当小的房子。

That's rather_a/a_rather sudden change.那一变化相当突然。

(3)当单数可数名词之前的形容词有so, too, as, how等副词修饰时，a(an)必须放在形容词之后，词序为：so/too/as/how/...＋形容词＋a(an)．..She is so_good_a_girl that all the people like her.她是如此好的女孩，所有人都喜欢她。2 定冠词的特殊位置

在名词词组中，定冠词一般放在最前面，但名词词组中如果有exactly, just, half, double, twice, all, both等修饰语，定冠词要放在这些词后面。

exactly_the same color 完全相同的颜色 just_the right place 就是这个地方 half_the story 故事的一半 double_the amount 双倍的量 3 零冠词的特殊用法

(1)turn(变成)后的单数名词作表语不用冠词。但名词前若有形容词作定语时，则必须加冠词。

His brother has turned_writer.他弟弟已成为一名作家。

Later she turned_a_successful_singer.后来她成了一名成功的歌手。

(2)在“表示类型的名词＋of...”这一结构中of后的可数名词单数前不用冠词。This_kind_of_question often appears in the exam.此类问题在考试中经常出现。

(3)“零冠词＋可数名词单数＋as/though＋主语＋谓语＋主句”意为“尽管/虽然……但是……”。

Hero_as_he_is,_he has some shortcomings.尽管他是个英雄，但是他也有一些缺点。

(4)用在独立主格结构中的某一形式中。

The teacher came in, book_in_hand(＝with a book in his hand)． 老师手里拿着一本书走了进来。

(5)与by连用的表示交通工具和通讯工具的名词之前不用冠词。It's quicker by_air than by_sea.乘飞机比乘船快。

[考法综述] 冠词的基本用法，尤其是冠词的泛指和特指在语篇型语法填空和短文改错中常会涉及，近五年就考查了48次之多，由此可见其重要性。

命题法1 考查冠词的泛指和特指

典例1 I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilson's because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village.[答案] the;a 句意：我不能告诉你去威尔逊家的路，因为我们村里没有一个叫威尔逊的人。第一空特指去威尔逊家的路，故填the;第二空为泛指“一个叫威尔逊的人”，故填a。

典例2 Besides, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.________________________________________________________ [答案] average前的a改为an average以元音音素/æ/开头，故用an。

【解题法】 冠词表泛指和特指时的必备知识和一般解题思路

(1)首先要了解冠词的泛指和特指：不定冠词用在首次提到的或不限定的单数可数名词前表泛指；定冠词用在上文提到的人或物前，或是被限制性修饰语加以限定的人或物前，也可指双方所默认的特定的人或物的名词前表特指。

(2)在语法填空中，考查冠词时是不给提示词的，因而可先从形式上去判断，然后观察空格后部分的中心词是否是名词或相当于名词的词或短语，因为冠词唯一的作用就是用来修饰名词的。

(3)在短文改错中，当名词前有不定冠词时，要格外注意使用a还是an，以其后所跟单词的开头音素而不是其开头字母为依据。因此在平时学习中，务必要注意掌握单词的发音。

命题法2 考查冠词与一些特定词的基本用法

典例3 The adobe dwellings(土坯房)built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even ________ most modern of architects and engineers.[答案] the 句意：由美国西南部的普韦布洛印第安人建造的土坯房甚至受到了(当今世界上)最前卫的建筑师和工程师的青睐。根据句意和空后的最高级标志词most可知此处表示“最……的”，故填the。

典例4 Tomorrow is first day of school.________________________________________________________ [答案] first前加the 序数词通常和定冠词the搭配。

【解题法】 冠词与特定词搭配时的必备知识和一般解题思路

(1)通常情况下，形容词比较级前不用冠词；形容词最高级、序数词及表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前用定冠词the。

(2)在语法填空中，考查冠词时是不给提示词的，因而可以从形式上判断，然后观察空格后部分是否是形容词最高级、序数词或表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词。

(3)在短文改错中，常考查冠词的错用和漏用，形容词比较级前常不用冠词；形容词最高级，序数词及表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前常用定冠词the。

A．单句填空

1．I just heard ________ bank where Dora works was robbed by ________ gunman wearing a mask.答案 the;a [句意：我刚听说Dora工作的银行被一个戴着面罩的持枪歹徒抢了。第一空，句中where引导的定语从句修饰bank，由此可知这里特指Dora工作的银行，故用定冠词；第二空，泛指“一个持枪歹徒”，因此用不定冠词。] 2．He owned ________ farm, which looked almost abandoned.答案 a [句意：他拥有一家看起来几乎荒芜的农场。farm在句中是第一次出现，而且表示泛指，所以用不定冠词。] 3．________village where I was born has grown into________ town.答案 The;a [句意：我出生的那个村庄已经变成一个城镇了。由village后的定语从句where I was born可知这里特指“我”出生的村庄，用定冠词the；第二空后town为可数名词，在本句中表泛指，泛指一个城镇，故用不定冠词a。] 4．The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ________week, often long into ________night.答案 a;the [句意：论文下个月要上交了。我现在每周工作七天，经常工作到深夜。第一空表示“每一”，故用不定冠词a；第二空是固定搭配long into the night，意为“直到深夜”，故用定冠词the。] 5．They chose Tom to be ________captain of the team because they knew he was ________ smart leader.答案 the;a [句意：他们选择汤姆为这个队的队长，因为他们知道他是一个聪明的领导。第一空后的名词captain是特指，特指这个队的队长，故用定冠词the；第二空后的名词leader表示泛指，故用不定冠词a。] 6．We can become ________ smart shopper by choosing for value, not for looks;in other words, choose good quality goods with plain packages.答案 a [句意：如果我们买东西是为了价值而不是为了包装，那么我们就能成为一个明智的消费者；也就是说，应选择普通包装的质量好的产品。shopper为单数可数名词，此处泛指“一个明智的消费者”，故填不定冠词a。] 7．________ news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was given out on the radio yesterday.答案 The [句意：市长来我们学校参观的新闻昨天通过收音机发布了。名词news后有介词短语修饰，起限定作用，表特指，故填The。] 8．In Germany, ________ successful project, which roughly translates as “adopt a grandparent”，has been running with a great success.答案 a [句意：在德国，一个名为“领养祖父母”的项目已成功运行。project为单数可数名词，此处意为“一个成功的项目”，表泛指，故填不定冠词a。] 9．—Mom, why can't I have ________ new bike? —Dear, you know, money doesn't grow on trees.答案 a [句意：——妈妈，我为什么不能要一辆新自行车？——亲爱的，你要知道，赚钱可不是件容易的事。bike为单数可数名词，是首次提到，此处表泛指，故用不定冠词a。] 10．________ wish always remains unrealistic that you can come first in the final exam when you make no efforts at all.答案 The [句意：你不付出任何努力而想在期末考试中得第一名的愿望是不现实的。wish后有that引导的同位语从句修饰，表特指，故填定冠词The。] B．单句改错

1．Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to be Beethoven.________________________________________________________ 答案 在Beethoven前加a [此处表示泛指“一个像贝多芬的人”。] 2．She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on a top floor.________________________________________________________ 答案 把第二个a→the [floor前有top修饰，此处表示特指，故用the。] 3．Life is like a ocean;only the strong－willed can reach the other shore.________________________________________________________ 答案 a→an [ocean是以元音音素开头的单词，且此处表泛指，故用an。] 4．A best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal.________________________________________________________ 答案 A→The [best为最高级，故用the。] 5．An exact year which Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.________________________________________________________ 答案 An→The [year后有定语修饰，表示特指，故用the。] 6．I think good habit that in our spare time we read more books of great use.________________________________________________________ 答案 good前加a [ habit意为“习惯”，是可数名词，此处为泛指，故用不定冠词a修饰。] 7．Three years ago I failed an important exam in my life and became a student in a ordinary school.________________________________________________________ 答案 第二个a→an [ordinary是以元音音素开头的形容词，故其前应用不定冠词an。]

8．Last Sunday I saw a worst storm in years.It came suddenly and went on for over three hours.________________________________________________________ 答案 a→the [根据in years可知，此处表示“最严重的暴风雨”，形容词最高级前应加定冠词the。] 9．Rock climbing is great fun.You will get close to the nature and take adventures at the same time.________________________________________________________ 答案 第一个the去掉 [nature意为“自然，自然界”时，其前不能加冠词。] 10．Once you click the button, a e－mail will be sent to you via your e－mail address.________________________________________________________ 答案 a→an [e－mail是以元音音素开头的名词，故其前应用不定冠词an。]

考点二 冠词的习惯用语或固定搭配

基础点 不定冠词的习惯用语或固定搭配 as a result 因此

as a rule 通常，照例 in a hurry 匆忙地 in a word 总之

at a loss 困惑，不知所措 for a while 暂时，一时 all of a sudden 突然 What a pity!真遗憾！

have a population of 有……人口 have a history of 有……的历史 a collection of 一批…… a knowledge of(＝know)知道

an understanding of(＝understand)懂得 2 定冠词的习惯用语或固定搭配 in the end 最后，终于

make the most/best of 充分利用 in the distance 在远处 in the way 挡路 on the whole 总之

on the right/left 在右/左面 at the same time 同时

as a matter of fact 事实上 after a while 一会儿后 in a sense 在某种意义上 once in a while 偶尔 at a distance 离一段距离 once upon a time 从前 a waste of...……的浪费

at the moment 此刻

go to the doctor's 去看医生 by the way 顺便说，附带地说说

the other day(＝a few days ago)几天前 on the radio/phone 通过无线电/电话 on the spot在场，到场；立即，马上；当场 to tell(you)the truth 说实话，老实说 go to the cinema 去看电影

on(the)one hand..., on the other hand...一方面……，另一方面…… 3 零冠词的习惯用法或固定搭配 under repair处于维修中 day and night 整天整夜 out of control 失控

in danger 处于危险之中 at present 目前 in peace平静 on purpose 故意 ahead of time 提前 by law 根据法律

有无冠词意义不同的习惯用语或搭配

sit at table 坐在桌旁吃饭sit at the table 坐在桌子旁at school 在上学at the school 在学校

lose heart 灰心 out of work 失业 at risk 有危险 take part in 参加 by chance/accident 碰巧 on second thoughts 再一想 in advance 提前 by mistake 由于差错 重难点

不一定在吃饭

不一定是上学

in hospital 在住院in the hospital 在医院里in prison 坐牢in the prison 在监狱里by sea 乘船由海路by the sea 在海边in front of 在in the front of 在

不一定是病人

不一定是罪犯

外部的前面

内部的前面

out of question 没问题，毫无疑问out of the question 不可能in charge of 负责，掌管in the charge of 在……的掌管之下

in possession of 拥有in the possession of 为……所拥有go to church 去做礼拜go to the church 去教堂go to school 去上学go to the school 去学校

[考法综述] 冠词的习惯用语及固定搭配是高考语篇型语法填空及短文改错的常考点，近五年考查了13次，是考查重点之一。

命题法 考查冠词的习惯用语及固定搭配

典例1 Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half ________ hour.[答案] an 句意：简非常匆忙，因为到达机场的列车将在半小时之后开车。half an hour为习惯用法，意为“半小时”。

典例2 Since then—for all these years—we have been allowing tomatoes to self－seed where they please.As result, the plants are growing everywhere.________________________________________________________ [答案] result前加a as a result为固定短语，意为“因此”，故在result前加a。

【解题法】 冠词的习惯用语及固定搭配的必备知识和一般解题思路(1)首先要熟练掌握不定冠词，定冠词及零冠词的习惯用语及固定搭配。

(2)在语法填空中，考查冠词的习惯用语及固定搭配时，是不给提示词的，因而可以根据语境来确定习惯用语及固定搭配的冠词。

(3)在短文改错中，考查冠词的习惯用语及固定搭配，主要体现在考生因固定思维模式或汉语语言的影响而对冠词的错用、漏用和多用。

A．单句填空

1．Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in ________ countryside.答案 the [句意：现在我生活在一座城市，但是我想念农村的家乡。in the countryside为固定短语，意为“在乡下，在农村”。故填定冠词the。] 2．________more learned a man is, ________ more modest he usually becomes.答案 The;the [句意：一个人越博学，他通常会变得越谦逊。根据句子结构来判断，此句使用了“The＋形容词/副词比较级…，the＋形容词/副词比较级…”结构，意思是“越……，越……”。] 3．Jane's grandmother had wanted to write ________ children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________ way.答案 a;the [句意：多年来，简的祖母一直想写一本儿童读物，但由于种种原因耽

搁下来了。第一空，book是可数名词，此处表泛指，用不定冠词a；第二空，in the way是固定词组，意为“挡路，妨碍”。故填a;the。] 4．Starting your own business could be a way to achieve financial independence.On ________ other hand, it could just put you in debt.答案 the [句意：自己创业可能是使你获得经济独立的一种方式。另一方面，它也可能让你欠债。on the other hand为固定短语，意为“另一方面”，故填定冠词the。] 5．We'll reach the sales targets in a month which we set at ________ beginning of the year.答案 the [句意：我们将在一个月内实现我们年初制订的销售目标。at the beginning of为固定短语，意为“在……之初”，故填定冠词the。] 6．I thought I'd better have ________ word with you about the task to be done.答案 a [句意：我想我最好跟你谈一下关于这项要做的任务。have a word with sb.“和某人谈一谈”为固定搭配。] 7．With the development of society, our country is badly in need of those with ________ better command of computer skills.答案 a [句意：随着社会的发展，我们国家非常需要那些可以进行电脑操作的人才。with a command of...为惯用搭配，意为“掌握……”，故填不定冠词a。] 8．We slept in a tent and took ________ long walk every day.答案 a [句意：我们睡在帐篷里，每天步行很长的路。take a walk为固定搭配，意为“散步；走路”。] 9．The tour will provide ________ unique opportunity to stay with a British family for a week in ________ hope that you will better understand the life there.答案 a；the [句意：这次旅游会提供给你一个和英国家庭生活一周的独特机会，希望你对那里的生活有一个更好的了解。“机会”强调的是一次，所以填不定冠词a；in the hope that为固定用法，意为“怀着……的希望”。] 10．If you don't have ________ good knowledge of English, it's out of the question for you to use it flexibly and fluently.答案 a [句意：如果你对英语的掌握不够好，你就不可能灵活、流利地使用它。have a good knowledge of是固定短语，意为“精通；掌握”。] B．单句改错

1．I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.________________________________________________________ 答案 hurry前加a [in a hurry是固定短语，意为“匆忙”。] 2．The next morning Jason went to the office for his papers as an usual.________________________________________________________ 答案 把an去掉 [as usual为固定短语，意为“像通常一样”。] 3．Now, years later, this river is one of most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.________________________________________________________

答案 most前加the [根据one of知后面是形容词的最高级，因此most前加定冠词the。] 4．In the fact, hunters would stop and take pictures, because they had never seen anything like her.________________________________________________________ 答案 把the去掉 [In fact为固定短语，意为“事实上，实际上”。] 5.At an end of the day, she returned to take me back to my accommodation.________________________________________________________ 答案 an→the [at the end of为固定短语，意为“在……结尾，在……末端”。] 6．I tried to appear at the ease when the foreign guest greeted me by kissing me on the cheek.________________________________________________________ 答案 去掉第一个the [at ease“自由自在，无拘无束”，固定搭配。] 7．The driver was at loss when word came that he was forbidden to drive because of speeding.________________________________________________________ 答案 在loss前加a [at a loss是固定短语，意为“不知所措”。] 8．—Many people don't think much of the movie.—I think differently.In the way, it is a good film.And the photographed scenes are very beautiful.________________________________________________________ 答案 第二个the→a [句意：——很多人认为这部电影不好。——我不那么认为。在某种程度上，这是一部很不错的电影。拍摄的场景非常美。in a way为固定短语，“在某种程度上”。] 9．I signed it “some thankful students” and slipped it into the envelope.________________________________________________________ 答案 the→an [根据句意表示把信装进“一个”信封，故用不定冠词，且envelope的始发音为元音，故改为an。] 10．—As a child, my father often spent all Sundays relaxing outdoors, even playing for hours at time.—That's my father's story, too.________________________________________________________ 答案 time前加a [at a time为固定短语，意为“一次”。]

考点三 冠词的活用

基础点

不定冠词的活用

(1)不定冠词可以用于某些具体化的抽象名词前，可以具体化的抽象名词有shame，surprise, pleasure, honour, success, help, beauty, failure等。

It's a_pleasure for me to work with you.和你一起工作我非常高兴。

She was a famous beauty in her youth.她年轻时是个有名的美人。

(2)表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前一般加定冠词the，但如果名词前有修饰语，可用不定冠词。

the world, a peaceful world;the moon, a bright moon。世界，一个和平的世界；月亮，一轮明亮的月亮。

(3)表示一日三餐的名词和专有名词前如果有形容词修饰，也可用不定冠词。I had a wonderful supper yesterday.昨晚我吃了一顿美味佳肴。

(4)“a most＋形容词”表示“很……”，most在此不表示最高级含义，为“很，非常”的意思，相当于very，而“the＋ most＋多音节形容词”为多音节形容词的最高级形式，表示“最……”。

This is a most interesting film.这是一部非常有趣的电影。

This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.这是我看过的最有趣的一部电影。

(5)不定冠词用在表示地名的专有名词前，表示“一个……的地方”。She is now a different China from what she was twenty years ago.现在的中国是一个与二十年前不同的国家了。

(6)knowledge, collection, understanding等名词后加of...时其前常用不定冠词a/an。

Her new book is a collection of short stories.她的新书是一部短篇小说集。He has a good knowledge of French.他精通法语。

重难点

序数词前冠词的活用

“the＋序数词”表顺序，而“a/an＋序数词”表“又一，再一”；序数词修饰动词时，．．．．．．已成为副词，因此不必与冠词连用。如： ．．Can you give me a_second chance, please?(＝another chance)请再给我一次机会好吗？

He was only 5 years old when I first saw him.(adv.)当我第一次见到他时，他只有5岁。

[考法综述] 不定冠词的活用，尤其是序数词前加不定冠词，冠词的活用在语篇

型语法填空和短文改错中常会涉及，近五年考查了10次，仍是高考考查的难点。

命题法 考查冠词的活用

典例1 Being able to afford ________ drink would be ________ comfort in those tough times.[答案] a;a 句意：在那艰苦的岁月里能够买得起一杯饮料将会是一种安慰。drink在此表示泛指“一杯饮料”；comfort作“安慰”讲为不可数名词，但在此是抽象名词具体化指“一件令人安慰的事”，故都用a。

典例2 He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get the second chance in the long jump.________________________________________________________ [答案] 将第三个the→a 此处应该表示“又一次机会”，故用a。

【解题法】 分析名词特点，注意冠词活用

在英语中，我们要注意冠词的一些灵活用法。常用的一些抽象名词如success, failure, pity, surprise, pleasure等，当表示“具体的人或者事”时，这些抽象名词具体化了，可转化为可数名词。

A．单句填空

1．—You are really crazy about music!—Sort of.I always find in music ________ peace which is missing in ________ world full of challenges.答案 the;a [句意：——你对音乐真痴狂！——有点吧。我总能在音乐中找到宁静，而这种宁静在一个充满了挑战的世界中是不存在的。peace后有定语从句修饰，表特指，加不定冠词；第二空是泛指，意为“一个……的世界”，故用a。] 2．—Guess what? Tom has failed in the exam ________ second time.—How come? He is second to none in English in our class.答案 a [句意：——你猜怎么着？汤姆考试又没通过。

——怎么会呢？他的英语在我们班名列前茅。此处表示“又一次，再一次”，故用不定冠词a。] 3．When you finish reading the novel, you will have ________ better understanding of society.答案 a [句意：当你读完这本小说后，你就会更好地了解社会。根据句意可知，此处表示读前与读后的比较，比较级前用不定冠词表示“更……的”。故填不定冠词a。] 4．It was by reading it ________ third time that Sammy got a thorough understanding of passage E.答案 a [句意：萨米又读了一遍才对E篇文章有了彻底的了解。根据句意可知，此处不表顺序，仅表“又一，再一”。故填不定冠词a。] B．单句改错

1．Although the experiment turned out to be failure, we decided to try a second

time.________________________________________________________ 答案 failure前加a [failure当“失败”讲为不可数名词，在此处表示“一件失败的事”，为可数名词，故用a。] 2．—What do you think of the grammar book? —Oh, it really is a useful reference book, which is worth reading the second time.________________________________________________________ 答案 第二个the→a [second此处不表示次序，而表示“又一，再一”，故用a。] 3．When you finish reading the novel, you will have better understanding of society.________________________________________________________ 答案 在better前加a [understanding为抽象名词，后面有of时前用不定冠词a/an。] 4．“The match between two teams is great，” said Jim, “and I hope to see the second.”

________________________________________________________ 答案 第二个the→a [此处表示“又一，再一”，故用a。]

易错题一：忽视抽象名词或物质名词具体化

[例1] Anyone who achieves success in this field can be ________success.[错解] 不填

[错因分析] 有些考生误认为success只能为抽象名词，无单复数形式，因而做错本题。[答案] a [心得体会]

[例2] My parents approached the site, which was still wet from ________

heavy rain.[错解] the [错因分析] 在这道试题中，很多考生会误填the，认为rain为物质名词，前面不用冠词，即便使用冠词也应用the。

[答案] a [心得体会]

易错题二：表示独一无二的事物的名词前冠词的误用

[例] We can never expect ________ bluer sky unless we create ________ less polluted world.[错解] the;the [错因分析] 虽然sky和world是表示独一无二的事物的名词，但是一些考生忽略了它们的一些特殊用法，而误填the。

[答案] a;a [心得体会]

易错题三：专有名词前冠词的误用

[例] ________Shanghai of tomorrow is sure to create new splendor and spring up as another center of international economy.[错解] 不填

[错因分析] 很多考生看到这道题后认为Shanghai是一个表示地点的专有名词，按照一般语法规则，专有名词前不用冠词，因此他们会感到无所适从或者误填其他冠词。

[答案] The [心得体会]

易错题四：特殊情况下定冠词、不定冠词的误用

[例1] An apple fell from the tree and hit him on ________ head.[错解] his [错因分析] 在解此题时，考生较容易受汉语思维的干扰而误填his。[答案] the [心得体会]

[例2] As everybody knows, a plane is ________ machine that can fly.[错解] the [错因分析] 有些考生会想当然地认为machine为可数名词，且后面有定语从句修饰，所以误填定冠词the。

[答案] a [心得体会]