第一篇:一般过去式和一般现在时的标志词和用法
一般过去式和一般现在时的标志词和用法一、一般现在时:
概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语:
always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词
否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
二、一般过去时:
概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词
否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
三、现在进行时:
概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.基本结构:am/is/are+doing
否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
第二篇:初中英语一般现在时与一般过去式小结
一般现在时与一般过去式小结
一,一般现在时的用法
1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。
时间状语: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.3)表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。
注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
I don‘t want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back.第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。
5)时间标志词: every …, sometimes, often usually 6)一般现在时中的动词第三人称单数形式
在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。现归纳总结如下:
1、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如: He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。She has lunch at twelve.她十二点吃午餐。It looks like a cat.它看起来像只猫。
2、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如: ①Han Mei looks like her mother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。②Beijing is in China.北京在中国。
③Uncle Wang often makes cakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。
3、单数可数名词或“this / that / the+单数可数名词”作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:
①A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。②This book is yours.这本书是你的。③That car is red.那辆小汽车是红色的。④The cat is Lucy's.这只猫是露茜的。
4、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that作主语时,是第三人称单数。如: ①Everyone is here.大家到齐了。
②There is something wrong with the watch.这块手表有毛病。③This is a pen.这是一支钢笔。④That is an eraser.那是一块橡皮擦。
5、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如: ①The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。②The bread is very small.那面包很小。
6、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如: ①“6” is a lucky number.“6”是个吉利数字。②“I” is a letter.“I”是个字母。
二,一般过去时的用法,1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.3)句型:
It is time for sb.to do sth
“到……时间了”
“该……了”
It is time sb.did sth.“时间已迟了”
“早该……了”
It is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了。
It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。
would(had)rather sb.did sth.表示‘宁愿某人做某事‘
I‘d rather you came tomorrow.4)时间标志词:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now 5)一般过去时:一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式形式。be动词的过去式有两种:was(是is, am的过去式),were(是are的过去式);行为动词的过去式一般在词尾加-ed;不规则变化的动词要参看不规则动词表。含有be的过去时,变否定句在was和were的后面加not。was not与were not可缩写成wasn't和weren't。一般疑问句是把was/were提到句首,并大写第一个字母w,句末用问号。
例: He wasn't in the classroom just now.刚才他不在教室。
— Were you at home last night?
— Yes, I was./ No, I wasn't.— 昨天晚上你在家吗?
— 是的,我在。/ 不,我不在。
6)行为动词的过去时的否定句、一般疑问句怎样改写呢?这就要借助助动词do/does的过去式did了。否定句在did后加not, 并把行为动词恢复原形。如:
He didn't do his homework last night.昨天晚上他没写作业。
而一般疑问句要把did提到句首,行为动词也要恢复原形。如:
— Did you listen to the radio yesterday?
— Yes, I did./ No, I didn't.— 昨天你听收音机了吗?
— 是的,我听了。/ 不,我没听。
巩固练习题:
I.写出下列动词的相应形式:
1.第三人称单数: wash_________ match _______guess______ study______ finish_________ go________ snow______ carry_________ 2.写出下列动词的过去式:stop______ see________ drive ________let_______ carry______ keep_____ join______ find_______ think________ teach______ catch______ 3.写出下列动词的现在分词形式: stay_______ begin______ forget_______ forget______ lie________ die _______ run_______ prefer______ give________ ring_______ dance______ hope_______ II.用所给动词的适当形式填空:
1.I ________(write)to you as soon as I _______(get)to London.2.He doesn’t feel well and ____________(not eat)any food this morning.3.He ______ not _______(see)me come in, for he ___________(read)something with great interest.4.I _________(let)you have the book as soon as I _________(finish)it.5.While we ________(wait)for our teacher, a little boy ________(run)up to us.6.Don’t make a niose.Grandpa __________(sleep).7.It’s seven now, Tom’s family__________(watch)TV.8.It ________(take)me two hours to finish my homework last night.9.What ______ your mother _______(do)at eight yesterday evening? She _______(wash)clothes.10._______ it ______(rain)when school was over yesterday? 11.What _______(do)_______ tomorrow? We ________(play)football.12.There ________(be)a football match on TV this evening.13.They said they ________(visit)the Great Wall the next summer holiday.14.Who _______(dance)the best in your class? 15.Will you come if he _____________(not come)? 16.The teacher told us the earth __________(move)round the sun.17.They _______(have)a party in the garden if it ________(not rain)tomorrow.18 She ________(buy)a sweater yesterday.19.I don’t know if Mr.Wang ______(go)to Shanghai tomorrow.If he _____(go), I ______(ask)him _______(take)some books to my daughter, because she _______(study)there.III单项选择:
1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _____ tomorrow.A.don’t rain B.doesn’t rain C.won’t rain 2.There _____ an English film next week.A.will have B.is going to have C.is going to be D.was going to be 3.The picture _______ nice.A.looks B.is looked C.look D.is looking 4.She ______ down and soon fell asleep.A.live B.lain C.laid D.lay 5.They _____ the office at nine yesterday morning.A.reached to B.arrived C.went D.get to 6.We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _____ back next week.A.wil come B.came C.would come D.come 7.Don’t smoke until the plane ______ off.A.takes B.took C.was taken D.is take 8.I saw her ____ the room this morning.A.to enter()B.entered C.enter D.enters 9.the teacher asked us ______ to school on time.A.to come B.coming C.come D.comes 10.John is always ______ others.A.help B.helping C.helps D.to help 11.He told us ______ at eight.A.working B.to work C.work D.worked 12.You’d better ______ at home and ______ your homework.A.to stay, do B.stay, do C.to stay, to do D.stay, to do 13.He sat down ______ a rest.A.having B.have C.to have D.had 14.Uncle Wang knows _______ a washing machine.A.how to make B.to make C.how making D.what to make 15.Jim decided _______ Polly to Ling Feng when he was back to England.A.to leave B.left C.leaving D.leave
练习题
(二)一、写出下列动词第三人称单数的变化形式;
be have come go stay teach write take study watch fly play
二、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空; 1.The buses ______(use)a lot of oil.2.Each of us ______(have)strong points and weak points.3.My daughter _________(watch)TV every day.Sometimes she _______(see)a film on Sunday.4.Li Wei ________(have)a daughter.She stays in a nursery.5.Our family _________(be)a happy one.6.Her mother ___________(teach)English at a middle school.7.Jack often ___________(listen)to the radio.8.He ________(say)that Prof.Li is tired.三、将下列句子变成否定式和疑问式: 1.We go to evening school at night.2.My brother works in a radio factory.3.Her name is Mei Ling.4.You have a red pencil.5.She has lunch at home.6.We have a meeting once a week.四、单向选择
1.The Browns ________ a nice car and Brown's brother ________ a nice jeep.6 A.have / have B.has / has C.have / has D.has / have 2.If their house ________ not like ours, what ________ it look like? A.is / is B.is / does C.does / does D.does / is 3.If it ________ tomorrow, he will not come.A.Do / rains B.Are / rains C.Do / will rain D.Are / will rain 4.The little child ________ not even know that the moon ________ around the earth.A.do / move B.do / moves C.does / moves D.did / moved 5.Many a student ________ fond of films, but a good student seldom ________ to the cinema A.are / goes B.is / goes C.are / go D.is / go
第三篇:一般现在时的用法小结
一般现在时的用法小结
1、定义:一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。
2、构成:一般现在时用行为动词的原形,但第三人称单数作主语时,动词的词尾要加-S或-es。
规则:以辅音字母加“y”结尾的词,要把“y”变为“i”再加“es”,以“o s x ch sh ”结尾的词加“es”,be动词的变化形式是am is are 一般现在时的用法:
1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
时间状语: every„, sometimes, usually often once a week on sundays I leave home for school at 7 every morning.Sometimes,he plays baskateball with his father.She usually goes to school at 7:00.We often visit that old teacher on Sundays.2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.3)表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。
No man but errs 注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。I don't want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back.第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。
在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清楚,现归纳总结如下:
一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如: He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。She has lunch at twelve.她十二点吃午餐。It looks like a cat.它看起来像只猫。
二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如: ①Han Mei looks like her mother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。②Beijing is in China.北京在中国。
③Uncle Wang often makes cakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。
三、单数可数名词或“this / that / the+单数可数名词”作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:
①A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。②This book is yours.这本书是你的。③That car is red.那辆小汽车是红色的。④The cat is Lucy's.这只猫是露茜的。
四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something,nothing等及指示代词this, that作主语时,是第三人称单数。如: ①Everyone is here.大家到齐了。
②There is something wrong with the watch.这块手表有毛病。③This is a pen.这是一支钢笔。④That is an eraser.那是一块橡皮擦。
五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如: ①The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。②The bread is very small.那面包很小。
六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如: ①“6” is a lucky number.“6”是个吉利数字。②“I” is a letter.“I”是个字母。
在下列情况下表示将来:
1.在状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如:
I will give it to him as soon as I see him.我一看见他就交给他。He will come if you invite him.如果你请他,他会来的。
Suppose he doesn’t agree,what shall we do?假如他不同意,那怎么办? I shall do as I please.我高兴怎么做就怎么做。
He will continue the work no matter what happens.不管发生什么情况他都要继续这项工作。2.在the more…the more …(越……越……)句型中,前者通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时,因为前者相当于条件状语从句。如:
The harder you study, the better results you will get.你学习越努力,成绩就会越好。
3.在make sure(certain), see to it, mind, care, matter后的宾语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如:
See to it that you are not late again.注意别再迟到了。
4.表示按计划或时间表将要发生的动作,通常有表示将来的时间状语。如:
The plane takes off at 11:30 and arrives in Shanghai at l:20.飞机十一点半起飞,一点二十分抵达上海。
注:只限于少数动词能这样用,如 begin, start, , end, finish, stop, go, come, leave, sail, arrive, return, close, open 等。
第四篇:一般现在时中be动词的用法
be动词意思和用法很多,一般的意思是:是,此种用法,有多种变化形式,am,is,are,等等。
根据句子中不同的人称、数和时态,应该选择相应的be动词。一般现在时:
第一人称单数形式,I,用am 例:I am a boy.(我是个男孩)
I am a girl.(我是个女孩)
I am a teacher.(我是个老师)
I am a student.(我是个学生)第二人称单数形式,you,用are 例:You are a boy.(你是个男孩)
You are a girl.(你是个女孩)
You are right!(你是对的)
Are you a boy?(放在句首,第一个字母要大写)第三人称单数形式,he ,she ,it ,who,人名,用is 例:He is a boy.(他是个男孩)
She is a girl.(她是个女孩)
It is a cat.(它是一只猫)
Who is Mike?(谁是迈克)
另外,第一人称复数(we)、第二人称复数(you你们)、第三人称的复数(they),都用are。
例:We are students.(我们是学生)
You are students.(你们是学生)
They are teachers.(他们是老师)
口诀:一般时态有关be动词的口诀
我用am,你用are,is连接他/她/它,复数形式就用are
第五篇:一般现在时和现在进行时的用法+动词单三形式
一般现在时
定义:一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。
构成:一般现在时用行为动词的原形,但第三人称单数作主语时,动词的词尾要加-S。(1.一般的动词词尾+S。2.以sh/ch/s/x结尾的词+es.3.以辅音字母Y结尾的把Y变成i,+es。4.辅音字母+o结尾的+es.)形式:主语+动词原形+宾语
用法:1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
2.表示主语具备的性格、能力和特征。
3.表示现在的状态。
4.表示客观事实和普遍真理。
5.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替将来时。
6.表示预先计划或安排好的行为。
7.小说故事用一般现在时代替一般过去时。
8.有些表示状态和感觉的动词表示现在发生的具体行为时,只用一般现在时,而不用进行时态。
9.表示现在发生的具体动作或存在的状态
一般现在时的用法: 1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语:
always, usually,every morning/night/evening/day/week,often,sometimes,never.例如: I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.3)表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。
☆注意★:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。I don't want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.5).表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的事。He starts next week.他下个星期出发。The train starts at 10 o'clock in the morning.火车将在早上10点开出。这类用法限于表示“移动”的动词:go去,come来,leave离开,start出发,begin开始,arrive到达,take off起飞,等。一般现在时Be动词情况 am,is,are也可以做一般现在时的助动词 例如:I am a student.一般现在时表将来:下列动词:come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return,live,fly的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.When does the bus start? It starts in ten minutes.动词的单三形式讲解
大家都知道,在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清楚,现归纳总结如下:
一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如:
He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。
She has lunch at twelve.她十二点吃午餐。
It looks like a cat.它看起来像只猫。
二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如:
① Han Mei looks like her mother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。
② Beijing is in China.北京在中国。
③ Uncle Wang often makes cakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。
三、单数可数名词或“this / that / the+单数可数名词”作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:
① A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。
② This book is yours.这本书是你的。
③ That car is red.那辆小汽车是红色的。
④ The cat is Lucy's.这只猫是露茜的。
四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:
① Everyone is here.大家到齐了。
② There is something wrong with the watch.这块手表有毛病。
③ This is a pen.这是一支钢笔。
④ That is an eraser.那是一块橡皮擦。
五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如:
① The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。
② The bread is very small.那面包很小。
六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如:
①“6” is a lucky number.“6”是个吉利数字。
②“I” is a letter.“I”是个字母。
第三人称单数形式的构成
1.一般直接在词尾加 s,如:work-works
live-lives make-makes
2.以s,x,ch ,sh等结尾的单词加 es , 如:fix-fixes
watch-watches
finish-finishes teach-teaches 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的单词,变y为i加 es ,如: fly-flies 4.以辅音字母加o结尾的单词,加 es
如:
go-goes do-does 动词单三的练习
一.根据括号里单词的适当形式填空 1.She _____(be)a writer.2.It _____(look)like a monkey.3.We_____(go)to the park.4.He _____(go)to school.5.Amy_____(like)eating fruits.6.Hebei_____(be)next to Shandong.7.Our teacher _____(be)talking with John.8.Whose book _____(be)this ? 9.Dogs _____(be)our friends.10.That blackboard _____(be)clean.11.The desk _____(be)Tom’s.12.Somebody _____(do)her homework.13.Everybody _____(is)ok!14.Nobody _____(be)
in the park.15.There _____(be)someone in the classroom.16.That cat _____(be)mine.17.A little water _____(be)in the cup.18.Cheese _____(taste)well.19.The letter “O” _____(look)like zero.20.“4” _____(be)a bad number in China.二.把下列句子改成第三人称单数句的肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句,并做回答。1.I like playing the pinao in the music room.(Tom)2.You need a pencil-box for
new term.(Sam’s sister)3.I do my homework at half past four in the afternoon.(she)4.I have breakfast at
twenty-five past seven in the morning.(her father)5.I watch TV at quarter past six with my parents.(Tom’s sister)
现在进行时
1.现在进行时 表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。2.a.现在进行时的肯定句
基本结构:主语+be+ 动词ing.如: I
am eating.b.现在进行时的否定句
基本结构:主语+be not + 动词ing.如: I
am not eating.c.现在进行时的一般疑问句
基本结构: be动词 +主语 +动词ing.如Are
you
eating? d.现在进行时的特殊疑问句
基本结构:特殊疑问词+ be +主语+动词ing?
如:What
are you eating?
动词的ing形式(动词的现在分词)的变化规则 1 一般情况下直接在动词后面加ing
read—reading sleep---sleeping study---studying
clean--cleaning
play---playing 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去掉字母e,再加ing
come---coming make---making
ride---riding
have---having
take---taking write---writing dance---dancing 以重读闭音节(重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音并且重读的音节)结尾,呈现 “辅,元,辅”结构的动词,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing
stop--stopping停sit--sitting run--running跑
begin—beginning开始cut--cutting切 get--getting得到
swim--swimming游
dig--digging挖
5、现在进行时用法口诀
主语在句首,am, is, are跟在后,现在分词跟着走,其他成分不可丢。表示动作正进行,句中now时间定。一般问句,把be提到句前去。否定句式也简单,be后只把not添。