模快五 Unit 1 Language points(译林牛津版高二英语必修五教案教学设计)

第一篇：模快五 Unit 1 Language points(译林牛津版高二英语必修五教案教学设计)

模快五 Unit 1 Language points(译林牛津版高二英语必修五教案教学设计)Welcome to the unit 1.practise vt.练习

He is practising the piano now.We often practise speaking English among ourselves.2.get along/ on 1).进展 get along with How are you getting along with your computer? We can’t get along well without courage.2).相处融洽 get along with My cat is getting along well with my dog.My family are getting along well with my neighbors.3.be worth 值得 1)Be worth+名词

I paid only 10 yuan for the book, but is worth much more.The book is worth 10 yuan.2)be worth + doing 表被动含义 The book is well worth reading.注意：be worthy of + 名词 或 being done be worthy to be done The experiment is worthy of careful try.The experiment is worthy of being tried.The experiment is worthy to be tried.4.What do you think are most important characteristics in a friend? Wh + do you think + 其他部分 用以征询对方的看法或推测等。Who do you think has got the first prize? Where do you think we will go for a picnic? Reading 1.betray 1)出卖，背叛

He who betrays his country will be punished.He betrayed his friends to the enemy.His friends were betrayed to the enemy by him.2)泄露（秘密）暴露

He betrayed the news to all his friends.2.We have been best friends since primary school.Since 1)连词

Unemployment in that country is now at its lowest level since World War II.She has been away from her hometown since five years ago.2)副词

She left her hometown five years ago.We haven’t seen her since.3)It is „ since „

It is just three days since they arrived at the mountain village.他们到达这个山村才三天时间。注意：

It is three years since I worked in the factory.我不在这个工厂工作已经三年了。3.I thought it would be quite easy and was not worried about the results.原以为 Here he comes.I thought he would be late.I didn’t think that he had done such a stupid thing.Worry about + sb./ sth./ doing sth 侧重于动作 be worried about 侧重于状态 He is worrying about getting a job after graduation.他正为毕业后找工作的事发愁。There is nothing to worry about.没什么可担心的。He is worried about his son’s safety.他担心儿子的安危。4.I must have sounded very proud of myself „ It must have rained yesterday, for the grand is wet.He has a good knowledge of Beijing very well.He must have been to Beijing before.注意：

Must be / must have done的否定式为 can’t

Mr.Smith cannot have left here for I say him just now.5.stupid with very slow thinking It was stupid of me to tell him the truth.我真傻告诉他真相。That is a stupid thing to do.6.I didn’t feel like I was overlooking my studies.Feel like +sth/ doing sth 想要；喜欢

I feel like going shopping.我想去买东西。

She feels like eating ice-cream.她喜欢吃冰激凌。Overlook 1)forget;not see something important忽略；漏看 I overlooked the fact.我忽略了这个事实。

I overlooked this mistake in your paper the first time I read it.我第一次看你的试卷时没有看出这个错误。

2)look down at sth from above 俯瞰 My room overlooks the sea.7.I was determined to be cheerful.Be determined + to do / that clause 决心； 决定 He was determined.= He has made up his mind.He was determined that he would try his best to finish the work.He was determined to try his best to finish the work.注意：

determine to do侧重动作 切是终止性动词

He has been determined to work in Xinjiang for a long time.但不能用 He has determined to work in Xinjiang for a long time.8.admit Admit+ sth/ doing sth / that 承认； 供认 admit sth to be The thief admitted his crime.I admit that I was rude and I am very sorry.He admitted having stolen sth from the bank.I admit it to be true.9.How they must have laughed behind my back.How + adj/ adv +主谓 构成感叹句。但有： How time flies!How I regret I wasted the time when I was at school.10.swear swore sworn make a strong promise 发誓 宣誓

I believe that it is true but I cannot swear it.我认为这是真的，但我不能保证一定这样。He swore to speak the truth.他宣誓要说实话。

11.forgive not to punish someone who has done something wrong 宽恕 Forgive me for coming so late.We forgave him his mistakes.12.tease 挪揄； 戏弄 逗弄 取笑 The naughty boy teased the dog.The other boy teased John about his carelessness.13.dilemma a position requiring a choice between two evils.左右为难的状况 Don’t put me into a dilemma.不要使我左右为难。14.brilliant 1)very bright耀眼的 辉煌的 She is wearing brilliant jewels.2)very clever才华横溢的 非常聪明的 She had a brilliant idea.She is a brilliant student.15.focus focus on focus sth on 聚焦 对焦 He focused the camera and took a photo.He focused his mind on his lessons when studying.16.badly 1)非常 I miss you badly.He needs the dictionary badly.2)very seriously You mustn’t move someone if they are badly hurt.He was badly hurt.17.absent-minded 合成词 adj-n+ed Blue-eyed 蓝眼睛的 warm-hearted 热心肠的 four-legged 四条腿的 18.keep on doing 与 keep doing The baby kept crying all night.这婴儿哭了一夜。He kept on learning Russian.他不断地学习俄语。19.kind of This kind of tree is nice.These kinds of tree(s)are easy to grow.20.blame blame sb / sth blame sth on sb be to blame Bad workmen blame their tools.He blamed his failure on the teacher.You are to blame in this.Word power 1.even though/ if Even though /if you failed in an exam, you still couldn’t give it up.Even though it is raining, we have to go to school.2.as;when;while As 用来强调主句和从句中动作和事情同时发生“一边„一边„” He looked behind as he was running.As time went by, the tree grew taller and taller.When 1)当什么时候 从句中的时间既可以是一段，也可以是一点。When you telephoned me, I was drawing a picture.When I was watering the garden, it began to rain.2)这时突然

I was doing my homework when he called me.While 1)从句中用延续性动词，常用进行时态

While they were having a party, the light went out.2)然而

The husband was looking after the baby while his wife was cooking in the kitchen.Grammar and usage

第二篇：译林牛津高中英语模块五课文翻译

M5 U1

Reading 秘密和谎言

亲爱的安妮：我觉得我的朋友汉娜背叛了我。从小学起我俩就是最好的朋友，几乎每天都在一起。因为我们成绩好，喜爱学习，其他同学有时会说我俩没趣，但我们喜欢那样。我们都很用功，成绩在学校一直很优秀。

星期一那天，我们搞了一次突袭性的数学小测验。我以为它非常简单，一点也不担心考试成绩。小测验之后，我说起话来听上去一定洋洋自得，说它实在太简单了，我肯定能取得好成绩。第二天下课后，我的数学老师却告诉我，我得了全班最低分！我感到非常羞愧，这么简单的小测验没能及格，我真是笨极了！

后来，我假装很开心，但汉娜还是觉察到哪儿有点不对劲。午餐前，我们一起去女子洗手间时，我承认考得有多么糟糕。我求她不要告诉任何人，她说她会替我保守秘密。

但是第二天，当我走进数学课教室时，我就注意到同学们在盯着我看。当我坐下时，我惊讶地发现桌子上有一张纸，上面写着：“笨蛋萨拉得了D等！”我难过得想哭。我想汉娜一定是在答应过我不会告诉任何人之后将我的成绩告诉了同学们。大家一定都在背后嘲笑我！

我非常生气，径直走到汉纳跟前，告诉她我们不再是朋友了，因为她不能信守诺言。她很不安，发誓说她没有告诉任何人。但是，能看到成绩的人只有老师和学生自己。她说一定是有人在洗手间偷听我们的谈话，但我不相信她的解释。我想我永远也不会真正地原谅她。现在，我失去了我最好的朋友。我该怎么办呢？ 你真诚的，萨拉

陷入困境的友谊

亲爱的安妮： 我叫安德鲁。我17岁，碰到了一个难题。我最好的朋友马修已经停止跟我说话了。我们从小就是好朋友，一起在学校足球队踢球。上个星期，我们与另一所学校的球队有一场非常重要的比赛。那支球队很棒，我们必须集中精力。我下决心一定要赢得比赛，但马修踢得很糟糕。他跟不上比赛的节奏。由于他的漫不经心，我们输了球赛。

后来，我非常生他的气，并告诉他说我觉得他没有尽全力。他也被惹火了，说如果他的球技不如我那可不是他的错，还说我不该以这种方式和他说话。然后我们俩都开始冲着对方大喊大叫，结果我们的喊叫变成了可怕的争执。他指责我做了一些非常不好的事情，只是为了伤害我。我感到很内疚，因为我也说了一些残酷无情的话，但我不喜欢看到我们队输球。足球对我很重要，但我们的友谊也同样很重要。

虽然我们在教室里是邻座，但自从吵架之后，他便没有和我说过话。这实在令人尴尬。他通常开朗外向，但最近一直沉默寡言，显得很难受。他说的那些话也伤害了我，但他并未向我道歉。昨天，我看见他和另一个男孩彼得说话，我不禁想知道他是不是想让彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。我把吵架的事告诉了我哥哥，但他说马修只是太敏感，可能还有一点嫉妒，因为我身强体壮，足球踢得很好。他说我最好另找一个朋友。我该怎么办呢？ 你真诚的 安德鲁 Project

青少年的友谊观

我的朋友罗伯特有一个双胞胎妹妹叫阿曼达。尽管他们相处融洽，但阿曼达和她朋友的一些事还是让罗伯特感到困惑。他无法理解女孩子怎么会聊天那么长时间。例如，有时他离开公寓去踢足球时，阿曼达和她的朋友沙伦就坐在沙发上聊天。当他三个半小时后回来时，她们仍然坐在沙发上，继续聊着同样的话题。一天，罗伯特抑制不住好奇，问阿曼达她们聊了什么，她回答说：“我们是最好的朋友。我们什么都聊——电影明星、流行歌曲、食谱等等，所有的事！”

男孩和女孩对待友谊有着不同的态度。女孩之间的友谊通常建立在共同的情感和互相支持之上，而男孩之间的友谊则以共同的活动或兴趣为基础。对于与密友们分享感情这件事，一个男孩会更加谨慎。而一个女孩的密友则可能会迫不及待地向她吐露自己生活中发生过的一些事。

全球范围的许多研究表明女孩比男孩享有更多的友谊。事实上，许多青春期的男孩说不出一个最好的朋友。当被问起时，他们在回答前往往会犹豫一下：“最好的朋友？我没有想过这个问题。我忙于家庭作业。我有很多朋友，很难说出哪一位是我最好的朋友。”

被问到过这个问题的女孩往往能毫不犹豫地回答：“最好的朋友？当然有。我们分享的东西很多。我们经常一起做很多事，比如聊天和逛街。”

我们必须认识到男孩共享活动，而女孩分享情感。无论男孩和女孩友谊的基础是什么，他们所看重的朋友身上的品质似乎是一样的。所要记住的重要一点是：它们二者均是友谊。我们在生活中都需要朋友。

友谊对我意味着什么? 当确定生活中最重要的是什么时，有些人选择金钱，而别的人则选择诸如安全感和舒适度之类的东西。然而，对我而言，生活中最重要的东西是友谊。我不能想像没有它。

友谊意味着不孤独。有一次去我独自一人旅行，途经北京去我祖父母家。由于我要乘坐的下一趟火车要到晚上才开，我有一天的观光时间。起初，我并不介意自己一个人，但后来看见所有的游客一起拍照，我开始感到难过。最终我回到火车站，在候车室里度过了当天余下的时光。如果没有同伴分享，生活就索然无味。友谊意味着有人可以依靠。去年，我把书包忘在了无轨电车上，丢了所有的期末考试的笔记。你可以想像我有多慌乱。幸运的是，我最好的朋友珍妮让我复印了她的笔记，我复习时用了它们。多亏她的帮助，我才得以通过考试。友谊意味着忠诚于他人。拥有朋友的最佳途径就是做一个朋友。因为我是一个朋友，我就要学会有耐心和宽容。有一次我与珍妮吵架，她说了一些有关我的残酷无情的闲话。尽管我的感情受到了伤害，我还是原谅了她。后来她向我道歉。通过这一事件，我们俩都变成了更好的人。然而，如果当初我终止了我们的友谊，那我们俩都会一无所得。

总之，当我们年老时回顾我们生活时，我们会记住什么呢？ 我们会记住我们买过的东西或者是去过的地方吗？

不，我们会记住那些我们爱过的人和爱过我们的人。我们会记住我们的朋友。

Unit2 Reading 经济还是环境——我们必须做出抉择吗? 电视节目主持人：詹姆斯·朗

发言：林水清，绿色协会发言人

钱利伟，企业发展咨询顾问

詹姆斯．朗：各位上午好。令天辩论的问题是“经济还是环境——我们必须做出抉择吗?”今天的嘉宾是来自绿色协会的林水清女士和企业发展咨询顾问钱利伟先生。今天辩论的程序与往常不一样。林水清女土首先发言，时间为三分钟。按下来是钱利伟先生发言，时间也是三分钟。之后我们将展开自由讨论。如果大家有什么问题或评论，可以利用这一时间将它们表达出来。

林水清：大家上午好!我今天首先要谈的是化学废物如何破坏着世界上的大片区域。许多地方已经被毁，许多动植物已经死亡。这很糟糕。工厂排放出大量有害化学物质。工厂生产造成的废物进入大气，使我们生病。其他种类的废物流入水中，杀死河流中及海洋中的生物。

捕捞船也在毁灭大量的海洋生物。这些捕捞船捕捞大量的鱼，而不留时间给它们产卵，这将导致我们食用的鱼的数同越来越小。

一方面我们在毁灭环境，另一方面我们继续生育越来越多的人口，这些人口需要更多的土地居住，也需要更多的食物食用!与1800年的人口相比，世界人口数量已经增长了六倍。现在约有70亿人!

我们有责任努力削减生产，减少制造和购买的东西的数量。

我们造出来的垃圾数量正在成为一个大问题。我们有必要更多地考虑循环利用垃圾。好的做法将是增加回收利用的东西的数量，并教给人们不损害环境的生活方式。我们甚至可以借此创造出更多的就业机会，帮助我们的国家在保护环境的同时更好地发展。

谢谢!

钱利伟：

女士们、先生们，上午好。谢谢你，林女士。你的演讲很有意思。显然，你非常担心我们的环境的现状。作为企业发展咨询顾问，我常常被视为是反对环保的。一想到工厂，人们就会想到滚滚的浓烟或者向河流倾泻化学废物的管道。他们会联想到贪婪的商人躲避社会责任，一味关心金钱。人们常常认为经济发展对环境有害，但这未必是正确的。

我在这里要说的是，与很多环境顾问一起工作之后，我知道健康的环境和经济发展并存是有可能的。许多工厂和企业控制自己生产的污染总量，诚心地投入资金去修复它们破坏的环境。这些工厂的经营者非常关心环境。我们应该停止将这些公司和商人视作敌人，而应给他们以更多的赞誉。

林女士建议为了保护环境我们应该削减我们所生产的东西的数量。我不同意这个观点，因为那样的话，就业机会将减少。我认为人类比鱼类和树木更加重要。

然而，我非常赞同我们应该利用回收材料制造更多的东西，减少原材料的使用，因为原材料的供应正变得越来越紧张。我们需要更有效的法律来保护环境，但同时让国家得到发展。这包括控制伐木量和捕捞量。这可能会让木材和海产品价格上涨，但是为某些东西支付更高的价钱并不总是坏事。我问过周围的人，发现许多人都愿意支付稍高一些的价钱来购买环保产品。

最后，那些污染环境的工厂应该缴纳更高的税。如果你破坏环境，你就应该为此付出更多的环境维护费用。

谢谢大家!

詹姆斯．朗：现在是自由讨论时间„„ Project保护长江

作为世界上第三长的河流，长江的环境问题已经引起了国内外的关注。飞速的经济发展和入口 增长意味着取自长江的水量不断上涨，而排l口J到长江中的废物也在不断增加。这对依赖长江用水的 人来说是个不好的消息，对生活在江中或沿岸的大量鱼类和野生生物来说也是个不好的消息。

许多人已经认识到保护长江的重要性，他们已经成立组织和设立项目，来解决这个问题。例如，绿色江河组织教育人们，让他们了解保护这条大河的重要性。该组织还监视长江，阻止非法捕捞。非法捕捞已经威胁到野生动物的数量。

政府的两个特别项目也在实施中。第一个项目是水土保持项目，启动干1989年。这个项目使得 农民退耕还林或退耕还草。这个项目已经取得成功，因为它有效地改善了当地的环境和江边的土地 情况。

第二个项目是白鳍豚自然保护区。白鳍豚是世界上最稀有的动物之一。由于长江的污染，中国 白鳍豚的数量急剧下降。尽管科学家还在期盼着白鳍豚不会绝种，但人们最后一次看到白鳍豚已经 是在好几年前了。

要解决有关长江的所有问题，我们还有很长的段路要走。但是，人们终于认识到他们有责任 来保护这条大河。因此，长江的环境正在改善。中国政府和人民为保护这条深受人们热爱的河流所 做出的努力会在未来得到赏识。

气候变化和低碳生活

毫无疑问，最近几年世界气候一直在发生着变化。许多人将这一变化归咎于二氧化碳等气体。动物和人类在呼吸时会排出二氧化碳。然而，人类的许多其他活动也会释放出二氧化碳。每当物体 燃烧时，碳就会排放进大气中。小汽车和其他车辆燃烧汽油来发动引擎，发电站通常靠燃烧诸如煤 和油之类的燃料来发电。因此，我们消耗的汽油和电能越多，我们释放出的碳就越多。

我们能做的有助于解决这一问题的方法之一一就是尽量步行或使用自行车。尽管我们呼吸时产生 碳，但所排出的碳要比小汽车产生的碳少很多。当然，有时候我们也需要长途旅行。这种情况下，与私家车或出租车相比，公共交通工具如公共汽车和地铁是更好的选择。如果你必须开车，独自出 行永远不是最佳选择——你应该试着找人与你同行。

在家你应该尽可能少地消耗能量。不用电灯以及其他电器时，应该关掉。由于工厂消耗大量能 源，也排放出大量碳化气体，尽量多地回收利用是非常重要的。尤其是金属产品和纸质产品需要消 耗大量能源来生产，因此你应该找到重复使用这些产品的方法，而不是把它们扔掉。

最后但并不是最不重要的一点是，你可以植树，因为树能够吸收空气中的二氧化碳，释放氧气。种植一棵小树很便宜也很简单，但二十多年之后，当你看到它们都长成大树时，会有一种满足感，因为你知道自己为帮助解决气候变化问题尽了你的一份力。

Unit3 Reading 完美的复制品

科学家最近宣布，他们已经成功克隆出第一个人类胚胎，这在全球范围内引起了沸沸扬扬的辩论，许多人为此感到震惊。一方面，一些科学家指出，如果你能够克隆人类胚胎，那你就可以生产出能够拯救人类生命的宝贵的组织和器官了。另一方面，包括一些科学家在内的很多人持不同意见，他们担心人类用这种方式干涉自然，那就可能离制造一个现实生活中的弗兰肯斯坦怪物不远了。

克隆就是利用动物或植物的细胞来制造一个一摸一样的动物或植物的复制品。第一个成功由成年动物细胞克隆出来的动物是一个叫多利的羊。这只母羊出生在1996年，但2003年初就死了，比正常情况下羊的寿命要短得多。多利羊出生的时候，很多人十分气愤，因为他们觉得克隆会在动物世界里制造出更多的疾病。但是从总体上说，科学家还是因为其杰出的科学突破而得到了人们的称赞。

创造出多利的苏格兰科学家伊恩·威尔莫特在得知有些科学家正在考虑克隆人的消息后感到非常震惊。尽管伊恩·威尔莫特研究克隆，但他的目的根本不是要制造人类的复制品。相反，他认为应当将研究精力集中在制造最终能够用来治疗癌症等疾病的组织和器官上。但也有人认为，怀着摧毁它们的意图来克隆人类胚胎，这是对人类生命的不尊重。

尽管克隆的这种用途引发了人们的很多忧虑，但对不能生育的41岁女推销员伊·威尔逊来说却是个好消息。“我现在迫不及待地向要个孩子，”她说。“我不想收养别人的孩子，我也不想借用别的女人的卵子——我想要一个跟我在基因上又关系的孩子，如果有机会，我明天就想要一个克隆的孩子。”

尽管克隆人类胚胎在很多国家属于非法，有些科学家已经开始加紧研究，以便降生一个克隆的人类婴儿。一个名叫韦里·诺安蒂诺里的意大利医生就是该研究领域中的一个领军人物，他宣传自己想成为克隆人类的第一人。

在中国，科学家则把精力集中在克隆动物以及干细胞，以便用于医学研究。中国已经成功克隆出了牛和山羊，并在继续研究利用克隆技术造福人类的各种途径。

尊敬的编辑：

我坚信克隆人类是不道德的。如果我们干涉自然，我们将不得不应付各种后果。谁会知道发生什么呢？我们可能会制造出一个怪物，甚至是一个最终有一天反过来取代我们人类的超人类物种。到那时，人类生命将不再是独一无二的了，它将不过是一个供买卖的产品而已。

人类正在耗尽地球资源。毋庸置疑，我们应该少生孩子，以减少地球上的人口数量，二不是克隆出更多的人。

我为那种不能生育的女性感到遗憾，但我想指出，世界上还有很多没有父母的儿童，如果有一个妈妈他们会很高兴的。波琳·卡特 尊敬的编辑：

我想点评一下你们发表的文章“完美的复制品”。我认为，你们文中所提及的科学进展很是神奇。我完全同意克隆人类。毕竟，好几个世纪以来科学家一直在挑战道德问题。我们为什么要选择这个时间来组织他们呢？

根据我个人的观点，克隆将会彻底改变我的生活。七年前，我10岁的女儿死于心脏病。她很漂亮、活泼、聪明。我每天都在思念她。如果我有机会，我会立刻克隆出她来，这样我就能够重新和她在一起了。科林·贾克

Project人类与自然

长期以来，由于人类的漠不关心，我们的环境遭受了严重破坏。人类因农业、渔业、狩猎以及旅游业已经损害了自然。我们在海里修建新的通道，在陆地建造工厂，产生的化学废物污染环境，这些都变本加厉地在破坏地球。如果我们继续这样做，总有一天我们会毁掉我们赖以生存的星球。

然而，如果我们只关注保护自然，人类就要受苦。并非一切对自然最好的对人类也是最好的。会有人说为了保护自然就应该停止经济发展吗?根据有些人的观点，我们只是在做人类一直在做的 事情--利用自然满足我们自己的需求。还有·些人则争辩说这样的思维会带来大灾难，除非我们 开始关注周围的环境，懂得清洁的环境为什么对我们大家有益。

在破坏自然、用竭自然资源数十年之后，许多发达国家现在更关注保护自然，而不是发展或破 坏自然。但是，许多贫穷国家必须致力于满足其人民的日常需要。为了实现这一日标，他们正在飞 速消耗自然资源。他们还没有像许多富裕国家那样，认识到随心所欲消耗自然资源的后果。他们往 往没有意识到他们的选择有害环境。如果他们毁掉了成千上万亩的雨林，但却使他们的人民有了更

好的收入，他们是否应该受到责备呢?世界上发达国家和发展中国家需要通力合作，确保人们过上富裕快乐的生活，而周边的环境也不会遭受破坏。

这不应该是人类获胜、自然失败的问题。人们只有保护自然才能真正地获胜。毕竟，食物需要 在健康自然的环境系统中生长，我们都需要呼吸干净的空气，饮用纯净的水。找到对人类、对万物 皆有利的解决方案，这是人类的职责。

转基因食品：希望还是威胁?

近年来，遗传学研究有了巨大的进步。由于这些进步，通向前所未有的科技之门打开了。当许 多人为这些新技术而兴奋不已时，这些技术也让其他人害怕。转基因食品就是最好的例子。

可以通过两种方法改变动植物基因。第一种方法是在动植物原有的DNA中插入新的物质，这样 可以让动物或植物具有本质上没有的特性。第二种方法是移除动植物DNA原有的某些物质，这样可 以去除掉动植物原本具有的但人们不想要的一些特性。

转基因研究的一个目的就是生产可以让我们更加健康的食品。到目前为止，这项技术已用十植 物基因改造，基凶改造后的植物能更好地抵御虫害和疾病。转基因食品的支持者认为转基因植物更 加健康，产量也更高。虽然现在也有转基因动物研究，如对猪的研究，但目前还没有转基因肉类销 售。

人们提出了许多关干转基因食品的问题。没有人真正知道转基因食品是否可供人或动物安全食 用。科学家承认需要对转基因食品做更多的测试。日前的研究仅局限于增加生产利润，而不是确保 转基因食品的安全。因此食用转基因食品有可能是危险的。

还有一个问题是转基因植物是否对环境安全。转基因作物生长在户外，因而它们成为食物链的。一部分——昆虫以及其它动物会吃这些作物或者它们的果实，而这些昆虫和动物又会被其他动物吃 掉。没有人知道转基因物质会给食物链带来什么影响。

由于没有人确切地知道转基因食品是否安全，许多国家在是否允许生产转基因食品问题上犹豫 不决，他们宁愿对这项新技术持谨慎的态度。

第三篇：译林模块5 Unit 3 同步讲练及单元自测练习(译林牛津版高二英语必修五教案教学设计)

译林模块5 Unit 3 同步讲练及单元自测练习(译林牛津版高二英语必修五教案教学设计)Welcome to the unit & reading 精讲典析

1.Science is developing so fast that it is beyond our imagination.（page 41）

科学的发展如此之快，超出我们的想像。(1)beyond是介词，常见用法为： ①（表示时间）迟于；过了……以后

Don’t stay there beyond midnight.不要过了午夜还留在那儿。② 超出（某种数量、限度）；超出……的范围；非……可及

The switch on the wall was beyond the baby’s reach.装在墙上的开关婴儿是摸不到的。

We saw a building some distance beyond the woods.我们看见在树林之外不远的地方有一个建筑物。

It’s beyond human power.它超出了人的力量。

If the work is beyond Tom, it is certainly beyond me.如果汤姆干不了这项工作，我也干不了。

③ 除……之外（常用于含疑问或否定意义的结构中）

I didn’t notice anything beyond his rather strange accent.除了他那颇为古怪的口音以外，我没有注意到别的。

④ beyond作副词时表示“再往前”或“再过去”。例如： There is nothing beyond.再过去就什么也没有了。

The hill blocks our view.What’s beyond? 小山挡住了我们的视线。再往前是什么呢？

(2)imagination n.“想像力、空想、幻想物”，多用作不可数名词。例如： The story shows plenty of imagination.这个故事表现出丰富的想像力。

Poets and artists have imagination.诗人和艺术家都有想象力。It does not take great imagination to guess what happened next.随后发生的事情不难想象。

2.A recent announcement by scientists that they have successfully cloned the first human embryo has caused much debate and has shocked many people around the world.（page 42, lines 1—3）科学家最近宣布，他们已克隆出第一个人类胚胎，这在全球范围内引起了沸沸扬扬的辩论，许多人为之感到震惊。

(1)句中that引导同位语从句，对抽象名词announcement做具体说明。announcement 与引导词that之间被by scientists隔开。例如： They made a public announcement that the wages of the workers would be increased.他们发布了通告，那些工人的工资将会提高。

His sudden announcement that she was leaving took us quite by surprise.他突然说要离去, 这使我们非常惊奇。

(2)announcement n.“通告、公告”，可数名词。例如：

There are several announcements in the newspaper today.今天的这张报纸上有好几个通告。

The company put up an announcement on the wall.那家公司在墙壁上贴了一个通告。

The announcement about their marriage has appeared in the newspaper.他们结婚的通告已经刊登在报纸上了。

3.On the one hand, some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable tissues and organs that could be used to save human life.（page 42, lines 3—5）一方面，一些科学家指出，如果你能够克隆出人类胚胎，就可以制造出拯救人类生命的宝贵的组织和器官了。

(1)on the one hand意为“一方面”，on the other hand意为“另一方面”。两个短语都是表连接作用的副词性短语。可以同时用在一个句子中。例如： On(the)one hand, I want to go to the party, but on the other hand I ought to be studying at home.一方面我想去参加宴会，而另一方面我应当在家学习。

On the one hand this job doesn't pay very much, but on the other hand I can’t get another one.一方面这份工作报酬不高，可另一方面我又找不到其他工作。

(2)辨析：point out, point to, point at 注意这一组短语的区别。

① point out“指出、使注意”的意思。例如：

This guide book points out the main facts of early American history.这本导游手册讲述了美洲早期的重要史实

Can you point out the church in the picture? 你能指出图片里的

教堂吗？

He pointed out that the road was not safe that day.他指出，那条道路那天不安全。

② point to “显示……的位置/方向”。例如：

The building points to the east.这座楼面朝东。

The hands of the clock pointed to half past eight.It was time we put our children to bed.钟的指针指在八点半上, 我们该让孩子们上床睡觉了。③ point at(把.……)“对准、指向”。例如：

The guide pointed at a tower and told us that it was built hundreds of years ago.导游指着一座塔, 告诉我们说这是数百年前修建的。

It’s rude to point your fingers at people.用手指指人是很失礼的。

4.On the other hand, many people, including some scientists disagree and fear that if mankind interferes with nature in this way, they may be on their way to producing a real-life Frankenstein’s monster.（page 42, lines 5—7）

另一方面，很多人，包括一些科学家都反对并担心如果人类以这种方式干涉自然的话，他们将制造出现实生活中的弗兰肯斯坦怪物。

(1)interfere with sb./sth.“干涉、干预；摆弄、妨碍”。例如： I am not going to be interfered with.我不想别人干预我的事情。He was afraid this would interfere with his study.他担心这会妨碍他的学习。

I don’t want to interfere with you;proceed with your work.我不想打扰你了, 你继续工作吧。

Who interfered with my camera? 谁擅自用过我的照相机?

(2)on one’s(the)way to/towards(doing)sth “即将做……”, 如果to后接一表地点的名词，应理解为 “在去......的路上”。例如: We’re on the way towards an election victory.我们即将赢得大选。

He’s well on the way to establishing himself among the top ten players in the world.他即将进入世界前十名顶尖选手的行列。

I came across him on the way to work.我是在去上班的路上遇见他的。

I bought some bread on the way to the company.我在去公司的路上买了些麵包。

5.However, in general the scientists were praised for

their wonderful scientific breakthrough.（page 42, lines 12—13）但整体而言，科学家因为杰出的科学突破而受到赞扬。辨析：in general, as a whole 这两个短语意义比较接近，都有“总的说来；大体上；通常”的意思，在句子中位置也比较灵活，仔细斟酌还是有着微细的区别。① in general强调“个体或局部”。例如：

Women in general like to shop for new clothes.大多数妇女喜欢逛街买新衣服。

The class are, in general, very bright.总的说来, 这个班级的学生都很聪明。

In general, Alexander was a peaceful, loving man.总的来说，亚历山大是个平和的、有爱心的人。

I like games in general, and especially football.各种运动我一般都喜欢，尤其是足球。

② as a whole 强调 “整体或全局”。例如：

Therefore, …in order to understand the meaning of the text as a whole.(page 43)因此，……以便完整地理解文章的意思。

We must consider these matters as a whole.我们必须从整体上考虑这些事情。

There are some areas of poverty, but the country as a whole is fairly rich.这个国家有些地区比较贫困, 但总的来说是相当富裕的。

As a whole we tried our best.总的来说我们尽力了。

(2)praise的用法

① praise sb.for sth.“因……称赞、表扬某人”。例如：

He was praised for his neat and careful work.他因工作认真、利索而受到赞扬。

He praised his team for their performance.他称赞他的团队表现出色。

The teacher praised her for her courage.老师赞扬了她的勇气。② 做名词用“称赞、赞美、赞扬、表扬”。例如：

He earned praise for their efforts 他们由于努力而赢得赞誉

The audience was full of praise for the whole production.观众对整部作品称赞不已。

③ in praise of短语常见在句中做状语。例如：

He gave a speech in praise of the school.他在讲话中称赞了这所学校。

The teacher spoke in praise of the child for his honesty.他很诚实, 老师表扬了他。

6.However, some people consider that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life.（page 42, lines 18—20）但也有人认为，怀着摧毁它们的意图来克隆人类胚胎，是对人类生命的不尊重。

(1)with the intention of “抱有……目的、打算”，是一短语介词，在句中做状语表目的。例如：

He returned with the intention of spending New Year with his family.= He returned to spend New Year with his family.为了和家人共度新年他回来了。

I went to the supermarket with the intention of buying some food.= I went to the supermarket to buy some food.我去了超市，打算买些食物。

He left England with the intention of travelling in Africa.= He left England to travel in Africa.他离开英国打算去非洲旅行。

(2)辨析：intention, goal, aim, purpose 这些名词都指人想要达到的 “目的”，但各有侧重。① intention 只指某人想要追随的行动方向。例如：

Do you have any intention of applying for the job? 你打算申请这个工作吗？

It is not my intention to argue with you.我不是想和你争论。If I've hurt your feelings, it was quite without intention.如果我伤了你的感情那完全是无意的。

② purpose 强调决心或决定的想法。例如：

He returned to his homeland with the purpose of serving his own people.他返回祖国, 意在为祖国人民服务。

His purpose was to discover how long these guests intended to stay.他想要知道这些客人打算呆多长时间。

③ goal 可指理想的或甚至遥远的目标。例如：

Our goal is to earn enough money to keep the business going.我们的目标是赚足够的钱使公司支撑下去。

We are all working towards a common goal.我们都在为一个共同目的而努力。

④ aim 强调为追寻某种目的而努力奋斗的方向。例如：

His only aim in life is to enjoy himself.他人生唯一的目的就是享受生活。

It is important to have a clear aim in view.心中有明确的目标是十分重要的。

(3)show respect for“对……表示尊敬”，respect是名词可带修饰语。例如：

You make me wait and don't show me any respect.你一点儿也不尊重我，让我等了这么久。

You shall show greater respect for your elders.你应该对长辈尊重些。

The boss showed little respect for the employees.那个老板对雇员一点也不尊重。

He is a selfish fellow, who has no respect for anyone.他是个自私的家伙，对人一点也不尊重。

7.While cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries, some scientists are already pushing ahead with research so as to deliver a cloned human baby.（page 42, lines 27—28）尽管克隆人类胚胎在很多国家属于非法，有些科学家已加紧研究，以便降生一个克隆的人类婴儿。

(1)push ahead with短语在句中做“推进、推行”理解。例如：

Whatever happens, we must push ahead with our plans to increase production.无论发生什么情况, 我们都必须推行我们的增产计划。

He promised to push ahead with economic reform.他允诺继续推行经济改革。

We are pushing forward with our plan.我们正坚决实施计划。

(2)辨析：push ahead，go ahead 两个短语都有“前进”的意义，ahead是副词，都是不及物词组，但其区别也是明显的。

① push ahead强调“向前推进、急速前进”

If we push ahead, we can get home before dark.如果我们抓紧, 天黑前我们还能赶到家。

I want to push ahead on this project.有关这个方案我想继续取得进展。

② go ahead “前进、继续向前”, 在口语中有多种意义。例如： The project will go ahead.这个项目会做下去的。We feel you should go ahead.我们觉得您应该干。

Go ahead and do what you like.去吧，喜欢干什么就干什么。—Can I use the bathroom? 我可以用一下卫生间么？ —Go ahead!当然，请便！

Go ahead, we’re all listening to you carefully.开始吧，我们都在认真听你说。

8.Human life would no longer be unique;it would just be a

product for sale.（page 43, lines 39—40）到那时人类生命将不再是独一无二的了，将只是一个可供出售的产品。(1)辨析：unique, only 两个词做形容词用都有“唯一的”的意思，但意义上区别较大。① unique强调的是“区别和与众不同”。例如：

The beauty of Dunhuang is unique in the world.敦煌的美在世界上是独一无二的。

She’s proud of her ring because of its unique design.她为她的戒指而自豪，因为戒指的设计是独一无二的。② only强调的是“数量”。例如：

It's the only place to be seen these days.这是这些天惟一值得看的地方。

He was an only child.他是独生子。

The only French city she enjoyed was Paris.巴黎是她惟一喜欢的法国城市。

Practice is the only way to learn a language well.学好一门语言的惟一途径就是实践。

(2)辨析：for sale, on sale ① for sale 是介词短语，在句中作后置定语，修饰a product。for sale 相当于intended to be sold “待售”。还可以做状语和表语。例如：

These are cars for sale at reasonable prices.这些是价位合理的待售小轿车。(定语)She has put her house up for sale.她现在的房子在出售。(状语)I’m sorry this painting is not for sale.很抱歉，这幅画是非卖品。(表语)② on sale 表示“出售”、“上市”的意思。on sale还可表示“廉价出售”。在句中也可以做定语、状语和表语。例如：

The new model is not on sale in the shops.这种新款式在商店尚未上市。(表语)I got this hat on sale;it was very cheap.我在大减价时买到这顶帽子, 价格很便宜。(状语)There are some nice apples on sale in that shop.那家商店有些很好的苹果出售。(定语)

9.The human race is using up Earth’s resources.（page 43, line 41）人类正耗尽地球上的资源。

(1)use up “用光、耗尽”，use仅指动作过程，而use up则强调结果；英语中不少动词都是如此。例如：

He knows how to use the savings and before long he will use up all the money.他知道怎样使用这笔存款，用不了多久这笔钱会全部用完。

She didn’t want to end the relationship.But she finally had to end it up.她不想结束这种关系但最后她只好结束这种关系。

He was eating a hot dog when I came in.A few minutes later he ate up all the food on the table.我进来时他正在吃热狗，不一会儿他吃完了餐桌上所有的食物。

She had to dig the garden.As a result, an old coin was dug up in the garden.她得把花园挖一挖, 结果在花园里挖出了一枚古硬币。(2)辨析：use up, run out, run out of 表示“用完”时，这些词组意义相同，但用法不同。① use up是及物动词短语，其主语是人。例如：

I’ ve used up all the glue.= All the glue has been used by me.我把胶水都用光啦。

② run out是不及物动词词组，表示“被用完了（become used up)”，含被动意义，其主

语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词。例如：

His money soon ran out.他的钱很快就花完了。

Food supplies had run out towards the end of the trip.在旅行快结束时，食物已经吃完了。

③ run out of 含有介词of，作及物动词用，“用完(=use up)”的意思。例如：

He ran out of gas a mile from home.他在离家还有一英里的地方把汽油用完了。

What if I've run out of money？我把钱花光了怎么办？

10.I am in complete agreement with human cloning.（page 43, lines 49—50）我完全同意克隆人类。

(1)in agreement with 是一短语介词，句中be in complete agreement with/about 是系表结构= quite agree with /about，意思是“完全同意；意见一致”，其介词短语还可以在句中做其他成分。例如：

We are in agreement with their decision.我们同意他们的决定。I am quite in agreement with what you say.我十分同意你说的话。I find myself in almost total agreement with Tony.(宾补)我发现自己的意见几乎完全与托尼一致。

He nodded in agreement with me.他点头表示同意我的意见。(状语)

11.Seven years ago, my 10-year-old daughter died of heart failure.（page 43, lines 52—53）七年前，我10岁的女儿死于心脏病。辨析：die of, die from ① die of“死于”，常常表示由于疾病、情感、饥饿等原因死亡。例如： The baby died of a fever.那婴儿因发高烧而死。

In a cold winter, many wild animals may die of hunger.在严寒的冬天，很多野生动物会死于饥饿。

The old woman died of grief soon after her husband’s death.那位老太太在丈夫去世后不久因悲伤而死。

② die from意思是“由于……而死”，一般指除了疾病或情感以外的原因造成的死亡。

He died from a chest wound.他因胸部受伤而死亡。

In a cold winter, wild animals may die from lack of food.在严寒的冬天，野生动物会由于缺乏食物而死亡。

He’s so busy, I am worried he’s going to die from work too much.他那么忙，我怕他会因工作过劳而死。

12.Question things you do not understand or that do not appear to make sense.(page 43)对于你不了解的地方，或者似乎讲不通的地方，要提出问题。辨析：appear, seem 两个词做系动词用都有“似乎、好像”的意思，含义似乎没有多大差异，在句型结构上也基本一样，有时候也能互换，微细的区别仍然值得注意。

① appear暗含“的确如此”含义，如果要表示某种判断而得出的印象最好用appear。appear还可以是行为动词“出现，显现”的意思。例如：

It appeared that he had a taste for music.= He appeared to have a taste for music.看来他对音乐还有一定的鉴赏力。

They appear / seem to have misunderstood me.= It appears /seems that they have misunderstood me.他们似乎误解了我。

The actress is thirty-five years old, but she appears a lot younger.= The actress is thirty-five years old, but it appears that she is a lot younger.那个女演员三十五岁了，但是她看上去年轻得多。

② seem所表示的“似乎”或“看来”是以客观的迹象为依据。还可以有It seems as if…句型，而appear则不能用于此句型。例如：

She seems a clever girl.= It seems that she is a clever girl.她好像是个聪明的姑娘。

The baby seems(to be)asleep.= It seems that the baby is asleep.那婴孩好像是睡着了。

He seemed disappointed when the man refused his request.= It seemed that he was disappointed when the man refused his request.当那个人拒绝了他的要求时他看起来很失望。

It seems that you are lying.= You seem to be lying.看来你在撒谎。

It seems as if you are the first one here.看起来你是第一个来这儿的。

It seems as if she has been to England.好像要下一场雷阵雨。

13.Why do some people think they have the right to go against nature?（page 45）为什么有些人认为他们有权与自然对抗呢？ 辨析：go against, be against 他们基本同义，都有“反对、违背、不利于”的意思，仍有区别。① go against sb./sth 指“动作”。例如：

Don’t go against your parents /your parents’ wishes.不要违背父母亲的愿望。

He went against the advice of his colleagues and resigned.他不顾同事们的劝告辞了职。

② be against指“状态”。例如：

Are most people against the proposal? 是多数人都反对这项提议吗？ It was against his will to do such things.做这类事是违背他的本意。

14.I believe that strict laws should be put in place and governments should do more to stop human cloning.（page 45）我认为应该严格立法，政府也该采取更多的措施阻止人类克隆。

in place 在句中作状语，意思是“在对的位置”、“在适当的位置”，其反义短语out of place“不合适;不恰当”。在句中做表语有“合适的；恰当的”的意思。例如：

She likes everything to be in place before she starts work.工作前，她喜欢把东西摆放得井然有序。

Some of these books are out of place.Please put them in right order.有些书位置不对, 请把它们按顺序放好。

With everything in place, she started the slide show.一切就绪，她开始放幻灯片

The proposal is not quite in place.那提议并不十分恰当。

课堂作业

Ⅰ.根据汉语意思或首字母完成句子。

1.It has helped Chinese scientists make breakthroughs.2.Other women are desperate to get back to work.3.The aim is to reduce anxiety and help the patients relax.4.Nothing could stop the advance of the soldiers.5.He received four years of normal education at college.6.The building was totally(完全地)destroyed by the fire 7.We shall do this for the benefit(利益)of the patients.8.You’ll succeed(成功)only if you put all your heart into it.9.Another agreement(协议)to be signed tomorrow will concern technical co-operation.10.She finds it difficult to grasp the basic concept(概念).II.选用表格内短语动词词语的适当形式完成下列句子。

go against, interfere with, concentrate on, push ahead with, succeed in, point out, show respect for, end up, use up, praise…for, come across, be delighted to 1.Anxiety can interfere with children’s performance when they take an exam.2.The election went against him at first, but he won at last.3.You should concentrate on the road when you’re driving.4.At last the climbers succeeded in climbing up the top of the mountains.5.Don’t use up all the soap.Leave me some to wash with.6.Everyone shows respect for her contribution to peace in the country.7.They were praised by police for reporting the theft.8.If you go against nature and do things, you will have to do more work and the results will not be so good.9.I felt I could not move another step, but after lunch I pushed ahead with the rest.10．Mistakes in the printing should be pointed out at once.Ⅲ.选用表格内所给短语完成下列句子。

in general, with the intention to, for sale, in agreement with, on the one hand, one one’s way to, in place, on the other hand 1.I’m well on the way to completing the report.2.On the one hand they’d love to have kids, but on the other, they don’t want to give up their freedom.3.In general, this type of cars is very functional and failures are rare.4.I am in agreement with you that she should be given more responsibilities.5.Before the examination, please put everything for it in place.6.On the other hand, many women choose to go out to work.7.Last week my wife and I arranged to see a house that was for sale.8.I worked late into the night with the intention to earning enough money.Ⅳ.单项选择。

1.—Your tie goes very well with your shirt.— A.A.Oh, I got it on sale

B.I bought it at half price C.Does it really look OK?

D.No, not so nice 2.What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has B ? A.run out B.put out C.held up D.used up 3.In this state, all the adults who D laws were to be severely punished.A.went for B.stood for C.stood against D.went against 4.Father likes everything to be D.A.in place B.in the place C.in its place D.in a place 5.The earth’s resources C very quickly.A.are used up B.will be used up C.are being used up D.have used up 6.Jim was very happy yesterday because he B the book that he wanted.A.came to B.came across C.came about D.came out 7.The couple are unable to have children of their own, but hope to C one.A.adapt B.receive C.adopt D.keep 8.Many children think they are A with when their parents are trying to show concern about them.A.interfered B.separated C.disturbed D.informed 9.The baby reached out his hands, crying in B want of his mother.A.curious B.desperate C.sincere

D.serious 10.They’re travelling across Europe by train and are planning to end up in Moscow.A.ended up B.ending up C.end up D.to end up Word power & Grammar and usage 精讲典析

1.This is the organ that controls the rest of the organs, just like the headmaster controls the school.（page 47）正是这个器官控制其他器官，正如校长控制学校一样。

辨析：the rest, the other 两者都有“其他的、其余的”的意义，但他们的区别较大。

① rest是名词，即可指人也可指物，多指某一整体范围之内的其他；the rest(of +名词)做主语时，谓语动词可以用单数形式，也可以用复数形式，应视the rest所代替的那个名词而定。例如：

I have got two bright students in the class, but the rest(of the students)are average.这个班我有两个聪明的学生，其余的平常。

I’ll keep one third of the money and the rest(of the money)is for you.我留下三分之一的钱，其余的给你。

The beginning of the lecture was boring, but the rest was interesting.开始部分演讲十分枯燥，但是其余部分很有趣。

The rest of the bicycles are on sale today.其余的自行车今日上市销售。

② other是代词，单数是两者中的“另一”，复数才指“其余的(人或物)”；多指若干个个体中的其余部分。做形容词用时亦是如此。例如：

She gave me one book last week and promised to bring the other on Wednesday.她上周给了我一本书，并承诺星期三带来另一本。

I went swimming while the others played basketball.我去游泳, 其余的人都去打篮球了。

There must be some other reason for him refusing to help.他不肯帮忙, 一定另有原因。

Are there any other problems? 还有其他的问题吗? Other people found it difficult to get along with her.其他的人觉得她很难相处。

2.He is always working in his lab, trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled.（page 49）他总是在实验室工作，尽力去弄明白所有使他困惑的奥秘。

figure out在句中意为“弄明白”;figure out还可表示“计算出”或“解决”。例如：

I just can’t figure him out.我简直摸不透他。

No one can figure out how the fire started.没有人弄得清这场火灾是怎么引发的。

Could you help me figure out this problem? 你能帮我解决这问题吗? I have figured out how much during the week I spent.我算出了这个星期花了多少钱。

3.He must have been working too hard to notice!（page 49）他可能太专注于工作了，根本没有注意到。

must have been working是情态动词must 接动词的现在完成进行时，表示对过去事情的推测，意思是“肯定一直在……”，“想必一直在……”。例如： John must have been playing football and Mary must have been doing her homework.约翰肯定一直在踢足球，而玛丽想必一直在做作业。

You must have been overdoing things a bit.想必你一直以来都过于劳累。

3.I think we should be cautious and use good judgment when making decisions about cloning.（page 49）我认为在就克隆问题作出决策时，应当慎重行事，作出理智判断。辨析：cautious, careful ① cautious adj.“小心的, 谨慎的”，语气比careful强，指十分小心，防止出现危险或差错，带有提防的意味，强调“意识”。常用句型：be cautious of/about sb./sth./doing sth.提防某人；注意某事；仔细干某事。例如：

If I had been more cautious, I might have done better.我要是再谨慎一点，可能做得更好。

We should be cautious of strangers.我们应该提防陌生人

The bank is very cautious about lending money.银行在贷款方面十分慎重。

② careful侧重做事谨慎、留心，特别注意一些细节地方，着眼于“行动”。例如：

I begged him to be more careful.我求他更谨慎些。

Be careful not to lose her address.小心别把她的地址给弄丢了。

4.Although it involves some cost on your part, you will definitely agree it’s worth it!（page 49）尽管要支付一笔费用，但你肯定会认为是值得的。

(1)involve vt."使卷入、牵涉、包括”，常用句型：involve sb.in 使参与〔陷入, 牵扯到〕

involve sb.with 与(某人)有密切关系。例如：

Buying an expensive car involved him in debt.买一辆昂贵的汽车使他负债累累。

The project involved great expense.那项工程开支巨大。

Don’t involve me in your quarrel.不要把我卷进你们的争吵中。Don’t involve yourself with those people.不要和那些人混在一起。

(2)on one’s part 就某人而言

I will never do such a thing on my part.我永不做这样的事。

It was a mistake on your part to meet him.和他见面是你的错误。There was a series of errors on my part.我犯了一连串的错误。

5.Treated with electricity, the cell tissue will split into several parts.（page 50）采用电疗，这个细胞的组织会分裂成几个部分。

split into, divide into, separate into 这一组短语都有“分成 /为……”的意义，在句型结构上也非常接近, 归纳如下： ① 主语是sth.动词与介词into不拆分。例如：

The river splits into three smaller streams at this point.这条河在此处分成三条小河

The class separated into several smaller groups to talk about the subject.这个班的学生分成了几个小组讨论这个问题。

His lecture divides into three parts.他的演讲分三部分。② 主语是sb.动词与介词into拆分。例如：

She split the class into groups of four.她把这个班班分成4个组。

Divide the cake into quarters and share it equally.把蛋糕分成四份, 大家平均享用。

I separated the documents into two piles.我把文件分成两摞。③ 都可以用于被动结构。例如：

The old farm has been split into house lots.这古老的农场已被划分为一块块的宅地。

After World War Two, Germany was divided into two separate countries.二战后，德国被分成为两个国家。

The land was separated into small fields.那块地被分割为小块的田地。

词汇奥秘

派生词：前缀和后缀

词根加上前缀或后缀而构成的新词叫派生词。通常前缀改变词义，后缀改变词性。如unbelievable一词，其构成为：un—believe—able，前缀un-表否定，形容词后缀-able表示“能够的”，由此可推断unbelievable的意思为“not able to believe”(难以置信的)。因此，掌握一些有关前缀的和后缀的知识对学习英语词汇有很大的帮助。1.常见的前缀：

un-, im-, in-, dis-, ir-, non-不；无

unfair不公平的 uncover揭开(盖子)imperfect不完美的 incorrect不正确的 dishonesty不诚实 irregular不规则的

nonstop不停的 nonsmoker不抽烟的人 anti-反；抗

anti-war反战的 anti-aging抗衰老的 anti-smoking反对吸烟的

auto-自动

autoalarm自动报警器 automation自动控制 mis-错

misunderstand误解 misfortune不幸 misspell拼错 inter-在……之间

interact相互作用 interschool学校间 international国际的 over-过度

overload超载；overwork 过度工作；overweight超重 pre-前；预先

preface 前言 prewar战前的 preschool学龄前的 post-后

postgraduate研究生 postwar 战后的 postposition后置词 multi-多

multi-purpose 多种用途的 multimedia多媒体 multimillionaire 千万富翁 re-再

retell复述；reconsider重新考虑；review复习semi-半

semimonthly半月刊；semifinal半决赛的；semi-colonial半殖民地的 super-超级

superfine特级的；superhuman超人的；supermarket超级市场 tele-电

telephone电话；television电视；telephoto电传照相 kilo-千

kilometer千米, 公里；kilogram千克, 公斤；kilowatt千瓦 vice-副

vice-chairman副主席；vice-minister副部长；vice-president副总统

2.一些常见的后缀：

（1）名词后缀：

-er,-or,-ian,-eer,-ist 表示“人”

teacher 教师 reader 读者 sailor 水手

actor 演员 historian 历史学家 musician 音乐家

magician 魔术师 engineer 工程师 volunteer 志愿者

scientist 科学家 artist 艺术家

physicist 物理学家-ese 通常加在国名或地名上，表示“人，语言”

Chinese 中国人，汉语 Japanese 日本人，日语-ance 通常加在动词或形容词后，构成抽象名词

importance 重要性 assistance 帮助 guidance 指导

-tion 通常加在动词后，构成抽象名词

education教育 pronunciation发音 production 生产

-ment 通常加在动词后，表示“行动，结果”

movement 运动 achievement 成就 development 发展

-ness 通常加在形容词后

weakness弱点 happiness幸福 kindness好意

-ity 通常加在形容词后

activity活动 equality平等 electricity电

-ship 加在名词后

leadership领导 sportsmanship运动员精神 friendship友谊-ism 表示“主义”

socialism 社会主义 communism共产主义 colonialism 殖民主义

-hood 表示“时代，境遇，身份等”

childhood童年 neighborhood邻近motherhood母亲身份-ty 通常加在形容词后

difficulty 困难 variety 多样化 anxiety焦虑

-th 通常加在动词或形容词后，构成抽象名词

growth 成长 truth 事实 strength力量

（2）形容词后缀：

-al 通常加在名词后，表示“与……有关的”

cultural 文化的 musical 音乐的 natural 自然的

-able,-ible 通常加在动词后，表示“能够，适于”

eatable 可食用的 suitable 合适的 visible 可见的

-ful,-ous 通常加在名词后，表示“充满，倾向”

beautiful美丽的 powerful强大的 careful仔细的

poisonous有毒的 famous著名的 various各种各样的

-less 通常加在名词后，表示“无”

fearless无畏的 endless无尽的 careless粗心的

-ern 加在名词后，表示“方向”

eastern东方的 western西方的 southern南方的

-ive 通常加在动词后

active积极的 protective防护的 collective集合的

-some 表示“易于，引起”

troublesome麻烦的 tiresome引起疲劳或厌烦的 quarrelsome 好争吵的

-y 通常加在名词后，表示“充满，倾向”

dirty 肮脏的 noisy 喧闹的 rainy下雨的

sunny 晴朗的 easy容易的 thirsty口渴的

-like 加在名词后，表示“……似的”

childlike 孩子似的 womanlike 女人似的 manlike 男人似的

-ly 通常加在名词后

friendly 友好的 leisurely 悠闲的 daily 每日的

-en 加在名词后，表示“由……制成的”

wooden木制的 woolen毛纺的 golden金的

（3）动词后缀：

-en 加在形容词或名词后，表示“使”

shorten 缩短 deepen加深 strengthen加强

-fy 加在形容词或名词后，表示“使”

beautify美化 classify 把……分等级 simplify 简化

-ize 加在形容词或名词后，表示“使”

realize实现 modernize使现代化 apologize道歉

（4）副词后缀：

-ly 通常加在形容词后

happily 愉快地 really 真正地 terribly可怕地

-ward(s)表示“方向”

backward(s)向后地 upward(s)向上地 onward(s)向前地（5）数词后缀：

-teen 表示“加十”

sixteen十六 seventeen 十七 nineteen 十九

-ty 表示“乘十”

sixty 六十 seventy 七十 ninety 九十

-th 构成序数词

sixteenth 第十六 seventieth 第七十 ninetieth第九十

语法知识 过去分词

过去分词作非谓语动词用时，它具有形容词和副词的语法特征，在句子中做定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。过去分词常表示被动意义；在时间关系上，过去分词通常表示动作已完成；不及物动词的过去分词，不表示被动意义，只表示完成意义。1.用法

定语 The injured boy was sent to hospital.He carefully studied the stamps collected in London.表语 The glass is broken.宾语补足语 You must get your hair cut.状语 The old man stood up, supported by his son.He came into his office, followed by two guards.Seen from the top of the hill, the city is more beautiful.① 作定语。单个过去分词或复合词一般放在所修饰的名词前；过去分词短语作定语时，则放在所修饰的词后面，被修饰的词和过去分词应是被动的逻辑主谓关系即主动意义上的动宾关系或逻辑上的系表结构表状态，都可以转换成一个含有被动语态或系表结构的定语从句。例如：

man-made satellites（人造卫星），school-run factories（校办工厂）

Students always grow with newly found knowledge.(page 47)学生总是用新发现的知识伴随着自己成长。

A surprised look appeared on his face when he heard that his friend had died．

当他听说他的朋友死了，他脸上显示出吃惊的表情。

A letter(that is)posted today will reach him the day after tomorrow．

今天发出的信后天他能收到。（post与a letter存在意义上的动宾关系。）I want a child(that is)genetically related to me.(page 42, lines 24-25)我想一个在基因上有关系的孩子。

② 作表语。表示主语所处的状态;除了系动词be外，还有其他的系动词也常见用过去分词做表语。常用作表语的过去分词有interested，excited，disappointed，delighted，discouraged，drunk，amused，astonished，tired，surprised，pleased，satisfied，worried，upset，married，frightened等。例如：

That’s disappointed.I think you’ll be pleased when it’s finished.(page 51)真让人失望。我想作业做完的时候，你会开心的。

He sounded so thrilled.(page 49)他听起来如此激动。

Otherwise you will get bored.(page 49)否则你会觉得无聊。I’m totally burnt out.(page 51)我完全筋疲力尽了。

③ 作宾补。和宾语一起构成复合宾语，宾语是其逻辑主语。have, make, get, keep, hear, feel, see, find, watch, notice, imagine, consider, want, wish, desire, like等动词常接过去分词作宾补。He is always working in his lab, trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled.（page 49）他总是在实验室工作，尽力去弄明白所有使他困惑的奥秘。

He spoke loudly in order to make himself heard.I’m gong to have my house repaired next week.He had to get the form signed by a doctor.He heard his name called.I found the city greatly changed.④ 作状语。常修饰谓语动词所表示的动作，可表示时间、原因、方式、伴随等，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，主语和过去分词同样构成逻辑主谓的被动关系，可以同相应的状语从句进行转换。例如：

Treated with electricity, the cell tissue will split into several parts.（page 50）= When it is treated with electricity, the cell tissue will split into several parts.采用电疗，这个细胞的组织会分裂成几个部分。(表时间)Given more time, I’ll work out all the maths problems．=If I am given more time, I’ll work out all the maths problems．(表条件)Driven by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.=As they are driven by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.(表条件)

⑤ with+名词(或代词)+过去分词

在介词with的复合结构中，过去分词和前面的名词或代词构成逻辑主谓的被动关系, with复合结构在句中做状语。例如: I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。（表伴随）

She had to walk home with her bike stolen.自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。（表原因）

I had the TV on with the sound turned down.我让电视机开着，但音量调低了。（表方式）

2.分词的独立结构

当过去分词做状语表时间、条件、让步或方式时，可以在分词前加上相应的连词when /while / before /after /since /if /unless /though等；在状语从句中，当主从句的主语一致且谓语中含有系动词或助动词be时，从句的主语和be就可省略。例如：

Unless invited to speak, he remained silent.When offered help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”

When completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight.3.过去分词与现在分词完成被动式的用法比较

现在分词的完成被动式作状语，有时可与过去分词换用。过去分词侧重于动作的被动，现在分词完成被动式侧重于动作的完成(即强调与谓语动作的先后关系)。如果不强调动作的先后，只强调动作的被动，这时只用过去分词，不用现在分词完成被动式。例如：

Having been discussed(Discussed)many times, the problems were settled at last.Having been shown around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.4.作状语时表示主动意义的过去分词

有些过去分词因为来源于系表结构，其本身已经是形容词了，作状语时不表被动而表主动意义。常见的这类词有：lost（迷路的、迷失的），seated（就座的），hidden（隐秘的、隐藏的），absorbed in（投入的、全神贯注的），born（出生的、产生的），dressed in（穿戴好的），tired of（厌倦的、厌烦的）等。例如：

Absorbed in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound.Born in this beautiful town, he hates to leave it.Faced with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.Interested in the subject, he spent much time reading the books.课堂作业

Ⅰ.单项选择。

1.Some of the wheat is from China.What about D ? A.another B.the other

C.others D.the rest 2.We can’t wait.We have to A the direction and the distance before we take action.A.figure out B.make out C.think out

D.turn out 3.I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car.They B at least 150 kilometers an hour.A.should have been doing B.must have been doing C.could have done D.would have done 4.I’m lucky enough to find the same knife D I lost yesterday.A.which B.what

C.like

D.that 5.He is a B investor who studied the market before buying.A.careless B.cautious C.hasty

D.impatient 6.He has nothing to do with the murder case.He is not C in it.A.concerned in B.concerned for C.involved in

D.related in 7.—Jack bought a new mobile phone A.—Did he? That’s his third one in just one month.A.the other day B.by now

C.some day

D.for the firs time 8.He reached the top of his D in very little time.A.judgement B.comment

C.concept

D.profession 9.He B as if nothing out of the ordinary was happening.A.has behaved B.behaved

C.is behaving

D.behaves

10.All of them are experts in their chosen C.A.effect B.position

C.field

D direction

Ⅱ.用适当的非谓语动词形式填空。

1.She caught the student cheating(cheat)in exams.2.When I got there, I found him repairing(repair)farm tools.3.When I got there, I found the farm tools repaired.(repair)4.Just then he heard someone calling(call)for help.5.He worked so hard that he got his pay raised.(raise)6.The missing boys were last seen playing(play)near the river.7.Compared(compare)with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful.8.The workers had the machines running(run)all night long to finish the work on time.9.People in the south have their houses made(make)of bamboo(竹).10.Lost(lose)in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.Ⅲ.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.He did not seem at all interested(interest)in the subject.It will be very interesting(interest)to see what they come up with.2.I am always pleased(please)to hear from former students.He is a very well mannered and pleasing(please)young man.3.It was surprising(surprise)that he finished writing a novel in only twenty days.Are you surprised(surprise)to see Einstein on a Chinese stamp? 4.It is said that the team made a disappointing(disappoint)start.We were disappointed(disappoint)that they could not learn the lesson of history.5.When she had finished her meal, she gave a satisfied(satisfy)smile.The work proved to be more satisfying(satisfy)than being a teacher.Ⅳ.单项选择。

1.She wants her paintings D in the gallery, but we don t think they would be very popular.(2007 上海春)A.display B.to display C.displaying D.displayed 2.The flowers his friend gave him will die unless A every day.(2007 四川)A.watered B.watering C.water

D.to water 3.A by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.(2007 浙江)A.Driven B.Being driven C.To drive D.Having driven 4.— Can those C at the back of the classroom hear me?（2008福建）—No problem.A.seat B.sit C.seated D.sat 5.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English C as much as we can.（2008江苏卷）A.speak B.speaking C.spoken D.to speak 6.B and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.(2006全国1)A.Surprising B.Surprised C.Being surprised D.To be surprising 7.They have a very practical little table that folds up(折叠起来)quickly when B.A.not to be needed B.not needed C.needed not D.to be n 8.With the money C , he couldn’t buy any ticket.A.to lose B.losing C.lost

D.has lost 9.—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? —The key B the problem is to meet the demand B by the customers.A.to solving;making B.to solving;made C.to solve;making D.to solve;made 10.Deeply B , I thanked her again and again.A.being moving B.moved C.moving

D.to be moved

Task & project 精讲典析

1.I am writing to complain about your plans to start cloning human beings in the UK.（page 56）我写信投诉你准备在英国开始克隆人的计划。

complain vt.& vi.“抱怨、诉苦、投诉”，其常用句型有： ① 不及物动词。例如：

You have no reason to complain.你没有理由抱怨。② complain that从句 抱怨……。例如：

She often complains that he is dishonest.她常埋怨说他不诚实。

They complained that the wages were too low.他们抱怨工资过低。

She complained(to me)that he had been rude to her.(她向我诉说)他曾对她有粗鲁的行为。

③ complain of/about(doing)sth.抱怨, 抗议做某事。例如： Jean is always complaining about something.琼总是满腹牢骚。They complained about the food.他们抱怨这糟糕的食物。

④ complain(to sb)about sth.(向某人)抱怨/投诉什么事。All the guests complained to the waiter about the noise.所有的客人都向服务员抱怨这些噪音。

I’m going to complain to your manager about this!我要向你们经理投诉这件事!

2.I understand that other countries have already begun trying to clone human beings, but this does not mean that we should follow in their footsteps.（page 56）我获悉其他国家已经开始克隆人，但这并不意味着我们就要步其后尘。

follow / walk in sb.’s footsteps “仿效某人、步某人后尘”。例如： She works in theatre, following in her father’s footsteps.他继承父业，也从事戏剧工作。

His daughter followed in his steps(footsteps)and became a doctor.他女儿走他的路，当了医生。

Are you going to follow your father’s steps as a policeman? 你是不是继承你父亲的遗志当警察呢？

3.I’m sure that if you conducted a survey among UK citizens, it would show that the majority of people would not advocate this type of scientific research.(page 56)如果你在英国公民中进行一项调查，我肯定大多数人不同意这种科学研究。(1)conduct vt.& vi.“组织、实施、进行”= carry out。例如： The survey must be conducted / carried out in secret.这次调查必须悄悄地进行。

They will carry out / conduct experiments.他们将进行实验。

(2)辨析：majority, most 这两个词都有 “多数，大多数”的意思，但区别较大。

① majority 是名词，做主语时，如果of所有格的名词是复数，其谓语动词应是复数形式，如果是不可数名词，其谓语动词应是单数，如果仅majority做主语，其谓语动词单复数均可。例如：

The majority of his books are kept upstairs.他的大部分书收藏在楼上。

The majority of the workers voted to go back to work.大多员

工投票主张复工。

The majority of the damage is easy to repair.这次的大部分损害容易补救。

The majority was / were in favor of banning smoking in offices and some other places in public.大多数人都赞成在办公室和其他一些公共场所禁烟。

② most是代词，其前不可能加冠词，其谓语动词和majority一样也应视情况而定。例如：

There are thousands of verbs in English and most(of them)are regular.英语中有成千上万的动词，大多数是规则的。

Most of the people are aware of it.多数人知道这个。Most of her books were stolen.她的大部分书都被偷走了。Most of his time is used to read.大多数时间他用来阅读。③ most可做形容词用于修饰名词。例如：

Most students passed the examination.大多数学生通过了考试。These types of buildings are seen in most European countries.在大多数欧洲国家你能见到这样式的建筑。

(3)advocate vt.“提倡、主张、倡导”，可接名词或动名词做宾语。例如： Our premier advocates higher salaries for teachers.我们的总理主张提高教师的工资。

I don’t advocate doing such things.我不主张干这样的事情。Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behavior.许多专家主张对孩子好的行为表现给予奖励。

4.To conclude, I urge you to seek the opinions of the people of the UK on this matter so we can end this immoral practice immediately.（page 56）总之，我迫切要求你听听英国人民对这件事的看法，以便我们能够立刻终止这种不道德的做法。

(1)to conclude =in conclusion=finally, 意为“最后、总之、总而言之、综上所述”，用在发言或演讲结束时的总结项标志，在句中做插入语。例如： To conclude / In conclusion / Finally, I wish the Summit a complete success!最后(一句话)，祝大会取得圆满成功！

T conclude / In conclusion / Finally，I wish you every success in your work.最后(一句话), 我祝你们工作顺利。

In conclusion, nanotechnology holds some very exciting promises for the future, but we must use this technology wisely.(page 110)

综上所述，纳米技术前景很好;我们必须很好的利用这项技术。

In conclusion, it is clear that the market is maturing.总之，市场正日趋成熟这一点十分清楚。

(2)urge vt.“力劝;敦促”的意思，其主要句型结构有： ① urge sb.to do sth.。例如：

We all urged him to go ahead with his plan.我们都鼓励他实施他的计划。

She urges me to take steps in the matter.她催我处理此事。② urge sb.into doing sth.。例如：

My friend urged me into applying for the job.朋友们力劝我申请了那份工作。

He urged her into studying physics.他极力劝她学习物理。③ 接宾语从句时要用虚拟语气，从句中should可省略。例如：

He urged that they(should)go to New York.他极力主张他们去纽约。

The report urged that all children(should)be taught to swim.那份报告主张所以的孩子们都要学会游泳。

(3)辨析：seek, search for, look for, hunt for 这一组词或短语都有“搜寻、寻找”的意思，强调的都是动作，在句型结构和用法上也相似有时可相互转换。① seek vt.& vi.We sought long and hard but found no answer.我们作了长期的艰苦探索, 但没有找到答案。

Police are still seeking / searching for the missing child.警方仍在搜寻那名失踪的儿童。

He is seeking / searching for the answer now.他现在正在寻找答案。

We shouldn’t seek after comfort, personal fame, or gain.我们不应该贪图安逸, 追名逐利。

② search(for)还带有“搜”的含义，其宾语不仅有人或物，还有地点，其他词或词组显然不带此意义。例如：

She searched the house from top to bottom.她将整个房子找了个遍。

I must search the Internet for one of his pictures.我必须上网搜索他的一张照片。

After he felt better, he searched for work at the various mills.他感到好些后, 就在各工厂找工作。

They searched all the drawers for the missing paper.他们翻了所有的抽屉找寻那份遗失的文件。

③ look for是常用语，除了具体的人或物外，其宾语还有较抽象的内容。例如：

Why are the police looking for / search for/ seeking you? 为什么警察在四处找你? He has come all the way from Leeds to look / search for a job.他从利兹远道而来寻找工作.That foolish fellow is looking for trouble.那个愚蠢的家伙在自找麻烦。

It’s too soon yet to look for results.要想知道结果那还太早。④ hunt for除了“寻找”意义外，还有“猎取……”之意，其他无法替代。例如： The whole neighborhood have been hunting for / searching for /looking for/ seeking the missing child.整条街的人都在寻找那个失踪的孩子。

He has been hunting for / looking for/ search for a job.他一直在找工作。

Police are hunting / searching for the killer.警察在追捕凶手。

He’s on holiday in Africa, hunting for animals.他正在非洲度假打猎呢。

The natives live by hunting for their food.当地人以猎取野兽为食。

6.The very genes that make crops resistant to pests and disease could be harmful to animals.（page 57）正是那些使农作物抵抗害虫和疾病的基因，可能对动物有害。

(1)very 在句中是形容词，用以加强语气，意思是“正是那个”、“正是所要的”、“恰好的”、“极其”。例如：

This is the very book I want!这正是我所需要的书。

At that very moment the telephone bell rang.恰好在那个时候，电话铃响了。

These pills are the very thing for your cold.这些药丸治你的感冒正合适。

(2)resistant to是形容词短语，意为“对……有抵抗力的”或“耐……的”, 在句中做后置定语。例如：

A healthy diet creates a body(that is)resistant to disease.保健饮食有助于增强体内对疾病的抵抗力。

We need building materials which are resistant to heat.我们需要耐热的建筑材料。

(3)辨析：be harmful to, harm, do harm to, be bad for 这一组词或短语都有“对……有害”的意思，其微细的区别应加以注意。① be harmful to = be bad for。强调的是状态。例如：

The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to / bad for health.大多数医生相信，吸烟有害于身体健康。

Sugars can be harmful to / bad for the teeth.糖可能会损害牙齿。

② harm是及物动词，主要指对人身或健康的伤害，强调的是动作(过程)。例如：

I have never harmed anyone.我从没伤害过任何人。Smoking harms our health.吸烟有害健康。

There was a fire in our street, but no one was harmed.我们街上发生了火灾, 但无人受伤。

③ do harm to中的harm是不可数名词，do harm to即可指对人身或健康的“伤害”，也可指对其他方面的“损害”，强调的是动作。例如：

Pollution does great the harm to the environment.污染对环境造成损害。

It’s unlikely to do much harm to the engine.这不大可能会严重损坏发动机。

The drought did a lot of harm to the crops.干旱给庄稼带来许多危害。

④ be bad for除还有“对……有害”的意思外，还有“不利于“的意思。例如： People often think economic development is bad for the environment，but this does not have to be true.(page 23)人们常常认为经济发展对环境保护不利，但这个提法不一定正确。

Breathing in other people’s cigarette smoke is bad for / harmful to you(= has a harmful effect on your health).被动吸烟对你健康有害。

Often they do not realize that the choices they make are bad for / harmful to the environment.(page 58, lines 23-24)他们往往没意识到自己所做的选择对环境是有害的。

7.So far, research has been limited to increasing production profits, rather than ensuring safety.（page 57）到目前为止，研究一直局限于提高生产利润，而不是确保安全性。limit的句型结构

① limit vt.“限制、限定”，用名词或代词做宾语。例如： We must limit our expenses.我们必须限制我们的开支。

Having so little money to spend on an apartment does limit you in your choice.只有这么一点点钱用来租房的确限制了你的选择。

② limit…to sth./doing sth.，意为“对……的限制”。例如：

They limit their food to bread and butter.他们的食物仅限于面包和黄油。

The teacher limited his students to 500 words for their compositions.老师要求学生写500字以内的作文。

She limited her job to looking after the child.她把她的工作限制在照看孩子上。

The teaching of history should not be limited to dates and figures.历史教学不能只限于日期和数字。

8.We further damage Earth by constructing new water channels for shipping, building new factories and creating pollution with industrial waste.（page 58, lines 4—6）我们还修建新的水上通道，建造新工厂，用工业废料制造污染，这些都是对地球更大的破坏。

(1)辨析：farther, further farther和further都是far的比较级，但在词义和用法上有区别。

① farther可以做形容词或副词用，一般只用于表示距离的“较远的/地、更远的/地”= further。例如：

The farther hill is five kilometers away.那座更远的小山在五公里以外。(adj.)I can throw the ball farther than you can.这个球我能比你扔得远。(adv.)② further可以做形容词或副词用表距离时 = father，但further用作副词可以用来强调程度，father则不能替代，其意为“更进一步、更深层、而且”等意思。例如：

The church is much further / father than you think.教堂比你想像的远得多。(adj.)For some time I had wanted to move further / farther from London.(adv.)有一段时间我曾想要搬到离伦敦更远的地方。

She refused to further talk of her own worry that evening.那天晚上她拒绝进一步说她的担忧。

The house isn’t big enough for us, and further, it’s too far from the town.那住宅对我们来说不够大, 而且离城又太远。

The police decided to investigate further.警方决定更深入调查。

(2)construct vt.“建造、建设、构成”, 其句型结构有： ① construct sth.。例如：

They are constructing / building another bridge over the Xiangjiang River.他们正在湘江上修建另一座桥梁。

He has constructed a new theory.他建立了一种新理论。

② be constructed of sth./ be constructed out of sth.“用某材料建造”, 指状态。例如：

The bridge was constructed of / made of stones.这座桥梁是用石头建造的。

The house is constructed out of bricks.这栋房子是用砖头建造的。

9.Would anyone say that economic development should be stopped in favour of nature?（page 58, lines 9—10）会有人说为了照顾自然就该停止经济发展吗？

in favour of 是介词短语，意思是“赞成……或“支持……”，在句中常做表语或定语。例如：

Personally speaking, I ’m in favour of the scheme.就本人而言，我赞同这个计划。

Those in favour of this plan will have a meeting.那些赞成这个计划的人会开一个会。

“in +名词+ of”结构的常用短语还有： in search of 寻找

in hope of 希望着 in want /need of 需要

in charge of 负责，掌管 in memory of 为了纪念……

in honor of 出于……的敬意；为纪念……

in control of控制,管理,掌握

10.Most of the time it turns out that humans are not really profiting when they damage the environment.（page 58, lines 29—30）多数情况下的结果就是，人类在破坏环境之际并没有真正受益。turn out常用于两种句型结构。

① It turns out that … “结果是……”;如果that从句中是一般过去时，可以表示“没想到是……”，“原来却是……”。例如：

It turns out that the method doesn’t work well.结果是这个方法不管用。

It turned out that his best friend was a thief.他最要好的朋友竟然是个小偷。

It turned out that the driver was just the boss.没想到那司机居然就是老板。

It turned out that he was never there.原来他根本没去过那儿。

② sth.turn out(to be)+ 接名词或形容词：结果是……；原来是……；证明是……；最后情况是……

It was cloudy this morning, but it turned out fine.早上多云，最后却是晴天。

The job turned out to be beyond his rather limited abilities.这项工作证明超出了他那非常有限的能力。

He said he was a doctor;but later he turned out to be a cheat.他自称是个医生, 原来他是个骗子。

(2)profit 的用法

① 做名词用，表示“好处、益处、利益”。例如： Small profits and quick returns.薄利多销

The company started to show a profit in its first year.公司在第一年就开始赢利。

He’s only interested in making a quick profit.他只对尽快获利感兴趣。

②做动词用，表示“赢利、获利”。例如：

We will all profit by the experience.我们都将从这次经验中获利。Not all children would profit from this kind of schooling.并非所有孩子都可从这种就学中得益。

It would profit us to change our plans.改变计划对我们有好处。

11.It is mankind’s responsibilities to find solutions that are acceptable for everyone, and everything.(page 58, lines 32-33)找出对任何人、任何事物都可以接受的方案，是人类的责任。① 这是一强调句，强调部分是句子的主语mankind’s responsibilities to find solutions ② be acceptable for / to sb.可理解为“为……所接受、对……适合”。介词for多用来指物，而to较为多见用来指人。例如：

Yogurt is a perfectly acceptable substitute for cream in cooking.酸奶是烹饪用的特别受欢迎的奶油替代品。

The plan is acceptable to both sides.这个方案双方都可以接受。He tried to find a solution that was acceptable to everyone.他试图找到一个大家都可以接受的解决办法。

12.As you get more excited, you may off the point.（page 59）

你一变得激动，就有可能会跑题。go off有许多不同的意义。例如：

① 跑题、离题

The speaker has gone off the subject.讲话人离题了。② 离开；消失

I’d better have waited till the rain went off.我当时要是等雨停再走就好了。

The headache went off quite suddenly.头疼突然消失了。

She went off with the gardener's son.她跟园艺工人的儿子私奔了。③ 开始变坏；变质；变差

Fish soon goes off in this hot weather.在这么热的天气里，鱼很快会变质。

The lecturer used to do well, but he seems to have gone off now.这个演讲者以前讲得很好, 但如今似乎变差了。④ 睡着

He has gone off by the fire.他靠着火炉睡着了。

课题实践

How to write a formal letter 1.正式信函的写作原则

由于电子邮件的普及，书信写得越来越少，但一旦我们要写，那一定是很重要的信件，比如说求职信、投诉信等。因此，我们要让书信给读者留下深刻印象，起到预期的作用。写书信时我们要遵循下列原则： in the correct format 格式正确

short and to the point 简短，切中要害 relevant 具有相关性

free of any grammatical or spelling mistakes 没有语法和拼写错误

polite, even if you’re complaining 有礼貌，哪怕是投诉信 well presented陈述恰当 2.正式信函的写作格式要求

正式信函要求格式规范，要包含信件构成的各个要素：

写信人地址：在信的右上角

收信人地址：在信的左上角，接着写信人地址下面写。

日期：可在左边，也可在右边，月份不用缩写

称呼：用“Dear+姓”，不知道姓名时用Dear Sir或Dear Madam。不知道是Mrs 还是Miss时，可以使用Ms。

结尾：使用Yours Faithfully，Yours Sincerely结尾。

签名：在左下方，与正方开头对齐。商务信件中，须在签名后列出自己所属的公司，自己的职位及公司地址，电话簿。3.信的内容

第一段简要说明写信的目的，是问询、投诉还是请求等。

第二部分可以是一段，也可以是几小段，是书信的主体内容。英文信不宜过长，因此要

简明扼要说明事情。要清晰、紧凑，逻辑性强。

最后一段正式书信中往往写明你希望收信者采取什么行动。常用结束语有： Awaiting your good news.Looking forward to your early reply.Hoping to hear from you soon.We await your good news.I hope to hear from you very soon.We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.静候佳音

I look forward to our next meeting in Los Angeles.期待我们下次在咯杉矶的会面。

Your early reply will go highly appreciated.急盼佳音。

We shall be pleased to send you what you wanted, 如果你需要些什么，我们会非常乐意给 你寄过去。

The help you give me is sincerely valued.你给我的帮助非常宝贵。

I hope everything will go well with you.我祝你万事如意。

Please let us know if you want more information.如果需要更多的信息，请尽管通知我。

I hope you always enjoy yourself.我希望你永远开心。

I wish you every success in the coming year.我祝你来年一切如愿。

Please remember me to your family.请代我向你的家人问好。All the best.祝你万事如意。

With love and good wishes.给你最好的祝愿。

现在，假如你叫Louise Longford，是个健美教练，想要去一家叫做Fitness First的公司应聘，请给Mr G.Sands写一封求职信。

首先确定信的格式；然后在第一段说明写信的目的是应聘健美教练；中间段落列出自己的优点，说明自己能胜任这份工作；最后一段写出自己的希望。Louise Longford的求职信： 12, Kenmore Road Littletown LT12 9BH 1st December 2009

Mr G.Sands Fitness First Lake Road Littletown LT1 5MX

Dear Mr Sands

Re: Fitness Instructor FF/32

I am writing to apply for the job of Fitness Instructor, as advertised in Thursday's Courant.This is an ideal job for me given my enthusiasm for sport, my related experience and qualifications.Sport and fitness training have always been important to me, which is why I chose to take a BTEC Diploma in Sports Science.I obtained distinctions in the Sports Anatomy & Physiology and Sports Injuries modules last year and am confident that I will get similar marks in Exercise Physiology, Mechanics of Sport and Sports Supervision & Management this year.I am a confident user of Microsoft Office xp and have worked extensively with Fitness Publisher, a program for analysing fitness.As you can see from my CV, I've taken the opportunity to gain extra qualifications that were on offer at college, which has helped me get part-time work as a pool attendant.I'm called on to provide cover during busy times so am used to working irregular hours at short notice.I've also run a lunchtime aerobics class at college since the start of this year.I finish college in six weeks and am keen to find a job rather than carry on with further full-time study.I could start any part time work or training sooner as many of my classes are finishing and most of my assignments are done.I look forward to hearing from you.Yours sincerely，Louise Longford 书信写完后，要根据上述原则进行检查，以保证书信质量。相信看过你写的求职信，Mr Sands会很乐意招聘你。

课堂作业

Ⅰ.用每组所给单词的适当形式完成随后的句子。

1.over, for, up to, against, up, up, after, into 1)—Are you for or against this proposal? —I think the proposal is good.I’m for it.2)Class was over.The students went home.3)What are you after in life? 4)I hate hiking and I’m not into classical music.5)He is not up to his job.6)It is up to parents to teach their children manners.7)Time is up.2.end up, end up with, in the end, on end, put an end to 1)The meeting ended up with the singing of the International.2)I’m sure you’ll succeed in the end.3)How can we put an end to the arguing? 4)It made my hair stand on end.5)He started with the aim of doing harm to others only to end up by ruining himself.3.way, by the way, by way of, in a way, in no way, in the way, in this way, on the(或one’s)way, under way, all the way, the other way around, give way to 1)The barren land has given way to green vegetation.2)Do your work in the way I have shown you.3)Teaching in school can in no way be separated from practice.4)By the way, which train goes to Shanghai by way of Changsha? 5)On the/my way to the station ,I bought some food.6)A hurricane is on the/my way.The preparations against it are well under way.7)In a way , he has been very successful.8)I saved old envelops.In this way , I have collected a great many stamps.9)We flew all the way direct from Seattle to London.10)The eart

第四篇：高二英语必修五练习

Unit 1 Great scientists

一、单词拼写（须用本单元的单词和词汇）

1.This new e _______________for the car works well.2.The farmers in this area had a good harvest last year thanks to the s______________ farming.3.The doctor had my eyes e _____________for weakening.4.The meeting c________________ at eight o'clock.5.They were d _______________ in their attempt（企图）to reach the top of the mountain.6.The little brave girl e _________________ the crime（罪行）of the criminal（罪犯）。

7.He was a____________________ in the book.8.He b ____________________ me for my negligence（疏忽大意）。

9.I think you are too s_________________ on the boy.10.He finished his work in a p__________________ way.11.We must try to a________________the causes of the strike.12.He became e__________________ about classical music.13.He has c____________________the whole job already.14.Be c_________________ when you cross the street.15.You should not r_________________ the invitation from your old friend.16.The class needs a s__________________ teacher.17.Kindness is one of the prime minister's c __________________.二、短语翻译

1.提出

____________________

2.得出结论____________________

3.也，另外___________________

4.将……和……连接起来_____________

5.对……严格的____________________

6.有意义______________________

7.通向，导致___________________

8.继续工作____________________

三、完成句子

1.除了这些理由以外，他无话可说了

______________ ___________these reasons，he said nothing.2.我们的英语老师对我们要求严格。

Our English teacher_____________ __________ ___________us.3.让我们一起去听来自北京大学的李教授的演讲

Let's _________the lecture by professor Li from Beijing University.4.他的粗心大意的驾驶导致了这起严重的交通事故。

His careless driving _________ ____________the serious traffic accident.5.他捐赠食物和衣服给红十字会。

He _____________food and clothing __________the Red Cross.Unit 2 The United Kingdom 词汇专项练习

一、单词拼写（须用本单元的单词和词汇）

1.The common interests u_________________ the two countries.2.The class ___________________of（组成）56 members.3.Our class is d_______________ into two groups during the discussion.4.What he said in the meeting p______________________ all of us.5.The bad ______________（影响）of the flood is that no people are dared to swim in that river.6.The c_______________ of transportation in this area brings hope to this mountain village.7.Her beautiful singing drew the a_____________ of the professor.8.The film “Hero” has much a________________ for the youth.9.The habit of c____________________ stamps benefit him a lot.10.U______________ is a particular type of clothing worn by all the members of a group or organization such as the police，the army，etc.二、短语翻译

1.将……分成_____________________

2.省去；漏掉_______________________

3.令人吃惊的是____________________

4.脱离_________________________

三、完成句子

1.If you continue working like that，your body will________ _______（垮下来）。

2.Their____________（婚礼）will__________ _____________（举行）in May.3.这道数学题把小明给难住了，无论他怎么努力也无法计算出正确的答案。

This maths problem ___________Xiaoming.No matter how hard he tried，he couldn't _________ ___________ the right answer

4.陈水扁想把台湾从中国分裂出去的企图永远不可能得逞。

Chen Shuibian's attempt to __________Taiwan ________ ___________China could not be achieved forever.5.未来，地铁将会逐步取代公共汽车成为人们的主要交通工具。

The underground will_______ _______ _______ _______the bus to become the main vehicle for the people in the future.6.我们没有必要再浪费时间讨论去哪儿度假了，因为计划已取消了。

There is ______ __________ that we'll waste time discussing where to go for our holiday，for the plan has been cancelled.7.很使我感到高兴的是，父亲给我买了一台电脑作为生日礼物。

__________ to my joy，Father bought me a computer _______ a birthday gift

8.托尼踢足球时，他的腿受伤了。

Tonny ________one of his legs _______when playing football.9.今天下午教室里竟然一个人也没有，真是奇怪。

_______ _______ __________that there shouldn't have been any student in the classroom.Unit 3 Life in the future I.Vocabulary 1.Two men are a______________the police in their enquires.2.You will be r_______________to assist Mrs Smith in preparing a report.3.Take two of the t_________________three times daily before meals.4.Decide what you want to do, don‟t just i________________ others.5.A new factory is to be l______________________ in the city center.6.His first speech as president made a strong i_________________ on his audience.7.Applicants for the job must have p________________ experience.8.He‟s c_______________disturbing me.9.I r____________her how much the fare was.II.Useful Phrases 1.接受_______________________ 2.立刻，马上__________________ 3.消失，看不见__________________ 4.打扫，横扫___________________ 5.突然看见____________________ 6.有可能______________________ III.Complete the following sentences according to the texts.1.___________ ___________(担心)the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.2.As a result, I ___________ ___________（遭受）“time lag”.3.This ___________ ___________ ___________(与…相似)the “jet lag” you get when flying.4.I found later that their leaves __________ the house __________（给…提供）much –needed oxygen.5.They are purple or blue and the colour changes ___________ ___________（取决于，依赖于）their mood.6.Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the ___________ ___________(缺乏)fresh air.Part 4 Multiple Choice 1.Soon we lost sight of that famous astronomer _________ himself LiQiang.A.called

B.calling C.to call D.call 2.______________ from the heart trouble for years, he has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.A.Suffered B.Suffering

C.Having suffered D.Being suffered 3.Though ________ money, his parents managed to send him to school.A.lacked

B lacking of

C.lack of D.lacking 4.One island and two lakes _______________ the country.A.make up B.makes up of C.is made up of D.consists of

5.___________ in her skirt, the little girl tried to make herself ___________ at the party.A.Dressed;notice B.Dressing;noticed C.Dressed;noticed D.Dressing;noticing

6.He is the only one of the students who _________________ a winner of scholarship for three years.A.is

B.are

C.have been

D.had been 7.She was glad to have a comfortable chair ________________.A.sit

B.to sit

C.sitting D.to sit in

8.The university wants its undergraduates to _______ a regional language, if time permits A.take up

B.take after

C.take on

D.take over 9.Generally speaking, when_______ according to the directions, the medicine has no side effect.A.taken

B.taking

C.to take

D.to be taken 10.Information has been published_______ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.which

B.what

C.that

D.when 11.In the traffic accident, his father came close to________.A.be killed

B.being killed

C.kill

D.killing 12.There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.A.making

B.to make

C.to have made

D.having made

Unit 4 Making the news 词汇专项练习

一、单词拼写（须用本单元的单词和词汇）

1.After graduation he took an o______________ as a teacher in the city.2.An expert is a man who is engaged in p______________ business.3.All his c______________ who work with him in the same factory are all ready to help others.4.You should c_____________ on your work when you study.5.We also can a__________________ knowledge during playing.6.He hit me on the head with a ball d_____________ which made me very angry.7.He felt g________________ after he stole some money from the old couple.8.He worked as a e________________ in that newspaper.9.She graduated from English d__________________ of Beijing University.10.Don't just say almost，nearly……，what we need is a____________ number.11.Before marrying，they always made an a ___________ in that park.12.Her father will never a_____________of her marriage to you.二、短语翻译

1.全神贯注于____________

2.因……指责或控告_____________

3.为了（做……）______________

4.依靠；依赖_________________________________________

5.传递______________________________________________

6.从事于____________________________________________

三、完成句子

1.They found that cave_________ _________（意外地, 偶然地）。

2.They are all________ ____________that idea（反对）。

3.You should concentrate yourselves on the class and avoid ________ ________.4.The famous professor has been __________ _________（指控）stealing his student's ideas and publishing them.5.What the government has done this year will be of________ _______（对… 有益）all the citizens living in Guangzhou.6.___________ had they got to the airport __________（一…就）the plane took off.Unit 5 First aid 词汇专项练习

一、单词拼写（须用本单元的单词和词汇）

1.The lung is an o________________ and so is the heart.2.He tried to kill himself by taking p_________________.3.He has gone to the hospital for special t__________________.4.I was only m_______________ interested in the story I read in the newspaper.5.Her ankle s_____________ after the fall.6.Her foot was very s_________________ after the accident.7.I can't s______________________ toothpaste out of the tube.8.What is the typical s______________________ of SARS？

9.She is suffering from a lung i___________________.10.He p________ a silver cup to the winner.11.Did you attend your uncle's wedding c__________________.12.An a________________ is a vehicle for taking people to and from hospital.13.A b_______________ is a long strip of cloth which is covered around a wounded part of someone's body to protect or support it.14.The streets in the centre of the city were c__________up with traffic because of an accident.15.The storm did a lot of d______________ to the building and crops in Hunan province.二、短语翻译

1.阻止（某人）做……___________________________

2.触感________________________________

3.挤出；榨出____________________________

4.在适当的位置______________________________

5.反复，多次____________________________

6.开展，执行___________________________________

7.找到___________________________________

8.许多，大量______________________________

9.自豪_________________________________

10.砍掉，砍伐____________________________

三、完成句子

1.He suddenly________ _________ __________ _______（昨晚他突然病了）。

2.Sunglasses can_______ ________ ________ _________ the sun' s rays（保护我们的眼睛免受……）。

3.You may __________ ______________（烫伤）by hot liquids.4.First degree burns __________ ___________when they are pressed（变成白色）。

参考答案1：

一、1.engine 2.character 3.scientific 4.examined 5.concluded

6.defended 7.exposed 8.absorbed 9.blamed 10.severe

11.positive 12.analyse 13.enthusiastic 14.completed 15.spin

16.cautious 17.reject 18.view 19.movement 20.strict 21.characteristics

22.concluded 23.expose 24.valuable 25.enthusiastic 26.defeat

27.absorbed 28.cures 29.virus 30.analyse

二、1.steam engine 2.put forward 3.draw a conclusion 4.in addiction

5.link…to

6.be strict with 7.make sense 8.lead to 9.point of view work on

三、1.Apart from 2.is strict with 3.attend 4.led to 5.contributed to 参考答案2：

一、1.united 2.consists 3.divided 4.puzzled 5.influence

6.convenience 7.attention 8.attraction 9.collecting 10.industrial

11.convenience 12.attraction 13.puzzle 14.uniform 15.suggestion

16.thrilled 17.splendid 18.debating 19.influence 20.construct

二、1.divide…into 2.The Union Jack 3.leave out

4.to one„s surprise 5.break away from

三、1.puzzle 2.project of protecting 3.arranging 4.break down

5.wedding take place 6.puzzle ； work out 7.which； tourist attraction

8.break away from 9.take the place of 10.are debating about

11.rising； setting 12.for the second time 13.looked around； putting

14.in sight 15.moved to； installed 16.no need； cancelled

17.referred to 18.Much； as 19.had hurt 20.It was strange Unit 3 Life in the future 参考答案3 Part 1

1.assisting

2.required

3.tablets

4.imitate

5.located

6.impression 7.previous

8.constantly

9.reminded Part 2

1.take up 2.in no time 3.lose sight of

4.sweep up 5.catch sight of 6.It is likely that Part 3

1.Worried about

2.suffered from

3.is similar to

4.provided;with 5.depending on

6.Confused;lack of Part 4 Multiple Choice 1-5 BCDAC 6-10 ADAAC 11-12 BB Unit 4参考答案4：

一、1.occupation 2.professional

3.colleague

4.concentrate 5.acquire

6.deliberately 7.guilty

8.editor

9.department 10.accurate

11.appointment

12.approve

二、1.Concentrate …on

2.accuse…of 3.so as to 4.depend on

5.pass on

6.work on

三、1.by accident/chance 2.opposite to 3.defend ； against

4.accused of 5.benefit to 6.Hardly； when

Unit 5

一、1.organ

2.poison

3.treatment

4.mildly

5.swelled

6.swollen

7.squeeze

8.symptom

9.infection 10.presented

11.ceremory 12.ambulance 13.bandage

14.choked 15.damage

二、1.prevent sb from doing sth 2.sense of touch 3.squeeze out 4.in place

5.over and over again 6.carry out 7.put one„s hands on

8.a number of 9.be proud of 10.cut off

三、1.fell ill last night 2.protect our eyes from

3.get burnt

4.turn white

第五篇：高二英语必修五单词表

高二英语必修五单词表 第一单元单词： characteristic 特征；特性n.2 radium 镭n.3 painter 画家n.4 put forward 提出 5 scientific 科学的adj.6 conclude 结束；推断出vt.&vi.7 conclusion 结论；结束n.8 draw a conclusion 得出结论 9 analyse 分析vt.10 infect 传染；感染vt.11 infectious 传染的adj.12 cholera 霍乱n.13 defeat 打败；受挫；使战胜vt.失败n.14 expert 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的adj.专家；行家n.15 attend 照顾；护理；出席；参加vt.16 physician 医生；内科医师n.17 expose 暴露；揭露；使曝光vt.18 expose…to 使显露；暴露vt.19 deadly 致命的adj.20 cure 治愈；痊愈n.治愈；治疗vt.21 outbreak 爆发；发作n.22 challenge 挑战n.向……挑战vt.23 victim 受害者n.24 absorb 吸收；吸引；使专心vt.25 suspect 怀疑vt.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯n.26 enquiry 询问n.27 neighborhood 附近；邻近n.28 severe 严重的；剧烈的；严厉的adj.29 clue 线索；提示n.30 pump 泵；抽水机n.（用泵）抽（水）vt.31 Cambridge street 剑桥大街 32 foresee 遇见，预知vt.33 investigate 调查vt.&vi.34 investigation 调查n.35 blame 责备；谴责vt.过失；责备n.36 pollute 污染；弄脏vt.37 handle 柄；把手n.处理；操纵vt.38 germ 微生物；细菌n.39 link 连接；联系n.40 link...to...将……和……联系或连接起来 41 announce 宣布；通告vt.42 certainty 确信；确实n.43 instruct 命令；指示；教导vt.44 responsible 有责任的；负责的adj.45 construct 建设；修建vt.46 construction 建设；建筑物n.47 contribute 捐献；贡献；捐助vt.&vi.48 apart from 除……之外；此外 49 firework 烟火（燃放）n.50 chart 图表n.51 creative 有创造力的；创造性的；独创的adj.52 co-operative 合作的adj.53 positive 积极的；肯定的；确实的adj.54 be strict with...对……严格的

Nicolaus Copernicus 尼古拉.哥白尼（波兰天文学家）56 revolutionary 革命的；重大变革的adj.57 movement 移动；运动；动作n.58 make sense 讲得通；有意义

backward 向后的（地）；相反的（地）；退步的（地）adj.&adv.60 loop 圈；环n.61 privately 私下地；秘密地adv.62 spin（spun，spun）（使）旋转；纺（线或纱）vt.&vi.63 brightness 明亮；亮度；聪颖n.64 enthusiastic 热情的；热心的adj.65 cautious 小心的；谨慎的adj.66 reject 拒绝；不接受；抛弃vt.67 universe 宇宙；世界n.第二单元单词： unite 联合；团结vi.&vt.2 kingdom 王国n.3 consist 组成；在于；一致vi.4 consist of 由……组成 London Heathrow Airport 伦敦希尔罗机场 6 province 省；行政区n.7 River Avon 埃文河 8 River Thames 泰晤士河 9 River Severn 塞文河 10 divide...into 把……分成 11 Wales 威尔士（英）12 Scotland 苏格兰（英）13 Northern 北爱尔兰（英）14 clarify 澄清；阐明vt.15 accomplish 完成；达到；实现vt.16 conflict 矛盾；冲突n.17 unwilling 不愿意（的）；不乐意（的）adj.18 break away（from）挣脱（束缚）；脱离 19 union 联合；联盟；结合；协会n.20 the Union Jack 英国国旗 21 credit 信任；学分；赞扬；信贷n.22 to one's credit 为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下 23 currency 货币；通货n.24 institution 制度；机制；公共机构n.25 educational 教育的adj.26 convenience 便利；方便n.27 rough 粗糙的；粗暴的adj.28 roughly 粗略地；粗糙地adv.29 Midlands 英格兰中部地区 nationwide 全国性的；全国范围的adj.31 attract 吸引；引起注意vt.32 historical 历史（上）的；有关历史的adj.33 architecture 建筑学；建筑艺术n.34 Roman（古）罗马人n.（古）罗马的adj.35 collection 收藏品；珍藏；收集n.36 administration 管理；行政部门n.37 port 港口（城市）n.38 Anglo-Saxon 盎格鲁—撒克逊人n.盎格鲁—撒克逊人的adj.39 Norman 诺曼人；诺曼语n.诺曼的；诺曼人（语）的adj.40 Viking 北欧海盗；斯堪的纳维亚人n.41 countryside 乡下；农村n.42 enjoyable 令人愉快的；使人高兴的adj.43 leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑 44 opportunity 机会；时机n.45 description 描写；描述n.46 furnished 配备好装备的；带家具的adj.47 fax 传真（机）n.用传真传输（文件）vt.48 possibility 可能（性）n.49 plus 加上；和perp.加的；正的；零上的adj.50 quarrel 争吵；争论；吵架n.争吵；吵架vi.51 alike 相同的；类似的adj.52 take the place of 代替

break down（机器）损坏；破坏 54 arrange 筹备；安排；整理vt.55 wedding 婚礼n.56 fold 折叠；对折vt.57 sightseeing 观光；游览n.58 delight 快乐；高兴；喜悦n.使高兴；使欣喜vt.59 royal 王室的；皇家的；高贵的adj.60 uniform 制服n.61 St Paul's Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂 62 splendid 壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的adj.63 Westminster Abbey 威斯敏斯特大教堂（英国名人墓地）64 statue 塑像；雕像n.65 Buckingham palace 白金汉宫 66 Greenwich 格林尼治（英城市）n.67 longitude 经线；经度n.68 imaginary 想象中的；假象的；虚构的adj.69 navigation 导航；航行n.70 Highgate Cemetery 海格特墓地（英伦敦北郊，内有马克思及其家人的坟墓）71 communism 共产主义n.72 original 最初的；原始的；独创的；新颖的adj.73 thrill 使激动；使胆战心惊vt.74 pot 罐；壶n.75 error 错误；过失；谬误n.76 tense 时态n.77 consistent 一致的adj.第三单元单词： 1 aspect 方面；层面n.2 impression 印象；感想；印记n.3 take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续 4 constant 时常发生的；连续不断的adj.5 constantly 不断地adv.6 jet 喷气式飞机n.7 jet lag 飞行时差反应 8 flashback 闪回；倒叙n.9 previous 在前的；早先的adj.10 uncertain 不确切的；无把握的adj.11 guide 指导；向导；导游n.指引；指导vt.12 tablet 药片n.13 expertise 专家意见；专门知识（技能等）n.14 capsule 太空舱；胶囊n.15 steward 乘务员；服务员n.16 stewardess 女乘务员n.17 opening（出入的）通道；开口；开端n.18 sideways 往（向、从）一侧；侧着；一面朝前adv.19 surrounding 周围的事物；环境n.周围的adj.20 tolerate 容忍；忍受vt.21 combination 结合；组合n.22 lack 缺乏；没有vt.&vi.缺乏；短缺的东西n.23 adjustment 调整；调节n.24 mask 面具；面罩；伪装n.25 be back on one's feet（困境后）恢复；完全复原 26 hover 盘旋vi.27 carriage 运输工具；四轮马车；客车n.28 press 按；压；逼迫vt.&vi.按；压；印刷；新闻n.29 fasten 系牢；扎牢vt.30 belt 腰带；皮带n.31 safety belt 安全带 32 lose sight of...看不见…… 33 sweep up 打扫；横扫

flash（使）闪光；（使）闪现vt.&vi.35 switch 开关；转换n.转换vt.36 timetable 时间表；时刻表n.37 exhausted 筋疲力尽的；疲倦不堪的adj.38 slide into（快捷而悄声地）移动；溜进…… 39 optimistic 乐观（主义）的adj.40 pessimistic 悲观（主义）的adj.41 speed up 加速 42 pedal 踏板；脚蹬n.43 alien 外星人；外国人n.陌生的；外国的；外星球的adj.44 mud 泥（浆）n.45 desert 沙漠；荒原n.46 enormous 巨大的；庞大的adj.47 imitate 模仿；仿造vt.48 moveable 可移动的；活动的adj.49 citizen 公民；居民；市民n.50 typist 打字员n.51 typewriter 打字机n.52 postage 邮资n.53 postcode 邮政编码n.54 button 纽扣,按钮n.55 instant 瞬间；片刻n.立即的；立刻的adj.56 receiver 接收者；接收器；电话听筒n.57 efficiency 效率；功效n.58 efficient 效率高的；有能力的adj.59 ribbon 丝带；带状物n.60 dustbin 垃圾桶n.61 dispose 布置；安排vt.62 disposal 清除；处理n.63 ecology 生态；生态学n.64 greedy 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的adj.65 swallow 吞下；咽下vt.66 material 原料；材料n.67 recycle 回收利用；再利用vt.68 manufacture（用机器）大量生产；成批制造vt.69 goods 货物n.70 etc 诸如此类；等等abbr.71 representative 代表；典型人物n.典型的；有代表性的adj.72 settlement 定居；解决n.73 motivation 动机n.第四单元： journalist 记者；新闻工作者n.2 involve 牵涉；涉及；包括；使参与（卷入）……vt.3 editor 编辑n.4 photograph 照片n.给……照相vt.5 photographer 摄影师n.6 photography 摄影n.7 unforgettable 难忘的；永远记得的adj.8 assignment 任务；分配n.9 delighted 快乐的；欣喜的adj.10 admirable 值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的adj.11 unusual 不同寻常的；独特的adj.12 assist 帮助；协助；援助vt.13 assistant 助手；助理；售货员n.14 submit 递交；呈递（文件等）vt.15 profession 职业；专业n.16 professional 专业的；职业的adj.专业人员n.17 colleague 同事n.18 eager 渴望的；热切的adj.19 concentrate 集中；聚集vt.20 concentrate on 集中；全神贯注于 21 amateur 业余爱好者n.22 update 更新；使现代化vt.23 acquire 获取；取得；学到vt.24 assess 评估；评定vt.25 inform 告知；通知vt.26 deadline 最后期限n.27 interviewee 参加面试者；接受访问者n.28 meanwhile 期间；同时adv.29 depend on 依靠；依赖 30 case 情况；病例；案例n.31 accuse 指责；谴责；控告n.32 accuse...of 因……指责或控告…… 33 accusation 指责；谴责；控告vt.34 deliberately 故意地adv.35 so as to(do sth)为了（做）…… 36 deny 否认；拒绝vt.37 sceptical 怀疑的（<美>skeptical）adj.38 guilty 犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的adj.39 dilemma（进退两难的）困境；窘境n.40 demand 需求；要求n.强烈要求vt.41 demanding 要求很高的；费力的adj.42 publish 出版；发行；发表；公布vt.43 scoop 抢先获得的新闻、利润等；勺子；铲子n.44 section 部分；节n.45 concise 简明的；简练的adj.46 imaginative 富于想象力的adj.47 technically 技术上；工艺上adv.48 thorough 彻底的；详尽的adj.49 gifted 有天赋的adj.50 idiomatic 惯用的；呵护语言习惯的adj.51 housewife 家庭主妇n.52 crime 罪行；犯罪n.53 edition 版（本）；版次n.54 ahead of 在……前面

department 部门；部；处；系n.56 accurate 精确的；正确的adj.57 senior 年长的；高年级的；高级的adj.58 polish 擦亮；磨光；润色vt.59 chief 主要的；首席的adj.首领；长官n.60 approve 赞成；认可；批准vt.61 process 加工；处理vt.过程；程序；步骤n.62 negative 底片；否定n.否定的；消极的adj.63 appointment 约会；任命n.第五单元单词： aid 帮助；援助；资助n.&vt.2 first aid（对伤患者的）急救 3 temporary 暂时的；临时的adj.4 fall ill 生病 injury 损伤；伤害n.6 bleed（bled,bled）流血vt.&vi.7 nosebleed 鼻出血；流鼻血n.8 sprain 扭伤 9 sprained 扭伤的adj.10 ankle 踝（关节）n.11 choke（使）咽住；（使）窒息vt.&vi.12 cupboard 橱柜；衣柜n.13 skin 皮；皮肤n.14 essential 最重要的；不可缺少的；本质的adj.15 organ 器官n.16 layer 层；层次n.17 barrier 屏障；障碍（物）n.18 poison 毒药；毒害n.毒害；使中毒vt.19 ray 光线；射线n.20 complex 复杂的adj.21 variety 变化；多样（化）；多变（性）n.22 liquid 液体n.23 radiation 辐射；射线n.24 mild 轻微的；温和的；温柔的adj.25 mildly 轻微地；温和地adv.26 pan平底锅；盘子n.27 stove 炉子；火炉n.28 heal（使）康复；（使）化解vt.&vi.29 tissue（生物）组织；薄的织物；手巾纸n.30 electric shock 触电；电休克

swell（swelled,swellen）（使）膨胀；隆起vt.&vi.32 swollen 肿胀的adj.33 blister 水泡n.（使）起泡vt.&vi.34 watery（似）水的adj.35 char 烧焦vi.36 nerve 神经；胆量n.37 scissors 剪刀n.38 unbearable 难以忍受的；不能容忍的adj.39 basin 盆；盆地n.40 squeeze 榨；挤；压榨vt.&vi.41 squeeze out 榨出；挤出 42 over and over again 反复；多次 43 bandage 绷带n.44 in place 在适当的位置；适当 45 ointment 要高；油膏n.46 infection 传染；传染病；感染n.47 vital 至关重要的；生死攸关的adj.48 symptom 症状；征兆n.49 label 加标签或标记；分类vt.标签；标记n.50 kettle（水）壶；罐n.51 pour 倒；灌；注；涌vt.&vi.52 wrist 手腕n.53 damp 潮湿的adj.54 Casey 凯西（姓）55 sleeve 袖子n.56 blouse 女衬衫n.57 tight 牢的；紧的；紧密的adj.58 tightly 紧地；牢牢地adv.59 firm（动作）稳定有力的；坚定的adj.60 firmly 坚固地；稳定地adv.61 throat 咽喉；喉咙n.62 Janson 詹森（姓）63 ceremony 典礼；仪式；礼节n.64 bravery 勇敢；勇气n.65 Slade 斯莱德（姓）66 stab 刺；戳；刺伤vt.&vi.67 a number of 若干；许多 68 put one's hands of 找到

treat 治疗；对待；款待vt.&vi.款待；对待n.70 apply 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vt.申请；请求；使用；有效vi.71 pressure 压力；积压；压迫（感）n.72 ambulance 救护车n.73 scheme 方案；计划n.74 Southerton 萨瑟顿（姓）

make a difference 区别对待；有影响；其（重要）作用