定语从句中只能使用that的情况（最终版）

第一篇：定语从句中只能使用that的情况（最终版）

定语从句中只能使用that的情况

1.当先行词为anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时，只能使用“that”。

例：Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能给你做点什么吗?

2.当先行词为all，any，much，many词时，只能使用“that”。

例：Tom told her mother all that had happened.汤姆把事情的全部情况告诉了他的妈妈。

3.当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that”。

例：This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.这是我度过的最美好的时光。

4.当先行词是序数词修饰时，只能使用“that”。

例：He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。

5.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last修饰时，只能使用“that”。

例：This will be the last chance that he can get.这将会是他得到的唯一机会。

He is the only person that can help you out.他是唯一能帮你的人。

6.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能使用“that”。例：They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.他们谈论他们记得的有关学校的事和人。

7.当主句是以who，which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是who时，只能使用“that”。

例：Which is the book that he bought from the library yesterday? 哪本是你们昨天从图书馆借的书？

第二篇：定语从句中的特殊用法

定语从句中的特殊用法

定语从句是起定语作用的,修饰,说明名词,代词或句子内容的从句,被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。引导定语从句，并在句中担任成分的词叫做关系代词或关系副词。定语从句是高考常考内容之一，使用时要尤其注意以下十种特殊用法。

一、只用that不用which的情况

1、当先行词是all, little, few, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时。如： Everything that happened then was like a nightmare.当时发生的一切就像是一场噩梦。

I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.我要把你在舞会上跟我说的话全都告诉他。、当先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, just, very（恰好的,表示强调）等词修饰时。例如： 2The only thing that we could do was to wait.我们能做的只是等待。

That’s the very thing that we can do.那正是我们能做的事。

3、当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。例如：

The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.我们参观的第一个地方是长城。

This is the best novel that I have ever read.这是我看过的最好的小说。

4、被修饰词为数词时。例如：

Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water.Now you can see the two that are still alive.昨天我捉到了两条鱼，把它们放在一盆水里。你可以看到那两条鱼还活着呢。

5、主句是There be结构，修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词修饰物。例句：

There’s still a room that is free.还有一个空房间。

6、先行词中同时包括人和物时。例如：

We talked about the people and the villages that we remembered.我们谈论了我们记得的人和村子。

He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited.他问起他去过的这几家工厂和工人的情况。

7、当主句中有who, which时，而定语从句中也要用到who或which时，为了避免who…who, which…which等重叠，定语从句要用that引导。例如：

Who is the man that is standing by the door? 站在门边的那个男人是谁？

Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk? 你养的那两头奶牛中哪一个产奶多？

人或物在定语从句中表语时，用that引导定语从句，而that通常也可以省略。例如：

He is no longer the man that he was.他不再是过去的他。

8、二、修饰物时只用which不用that的情况

1、引导非限制性定语从句时。例如：

Bamboo is hollow, which makes it light.竹子是空心的，这使得他很轻。

2、当关系词前有介词时。例如：

This is the room in which Chairman Mao once lived.这就是毛主席曾经住过的地方。

3、在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which。例如：

Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.我来给你看我从新开的图书馆里借来的那本小说。

4、当关系代词后面有插入语时。例如：

Here is the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.这就是我跟你说过的会有助于你学好英语的那本英语语法书。

5、先行词为that时。例如：

The clock is that which can tell us the time.钟是报时的装置。

三、修饰人时只用who不用that的情况

1、先行词为one, ones, anyone, those指代人时。如：

The person I want to learn from is one who studies

hard and works well.我最羡慕的是学习勤奋，工作出色的人。

2、在There be结构中，修饰主语的定语从句宜用 who关系代词指代人。例如： There’s a gentleman who wants to see you.有位先生想见你。

3、当先行词有较长的后置定语时。例如：

I met a foreigner in the park yesterday afternoon who could speak Chinese very well.昨天下午我在公园里遇到一位中文讲得非常好的外国人。

4、一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that, 另一个宜用who以避免重复。The student that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard.受到校长表扬的学生是位谦虚好学的班长。

注意：当关系代词前面有介词时，只能用whom。例如：

The person to whom this letter was addressed died three years ago.这封信的收信人三年前就去世了。

way在定语从句作先行词的用法

当先行词为way时，定语从句的引导词可用in which, that或省略引导词。例如：

I don’t like the way（that /in which）he looks at me.我不喜欢他那种样子看着我。四、五、在定语从句中作状语的关系副词when, where, why的用法

1、先行词表示时间时，定语从句中的谓语动词如果是不及物动词，用关系副词when或介词+ which;如果是及物动词，用which或that都行。例如：

I still remember the days when（=on which）we lived together.我仍然记得我们在一起的时光。

2、先行词表示地点时，如果定语从句中谓语动词是不及物动词，用关系副词where或介词+which;如果是及物动词时，用which或that都可以。例如：

This is the small village where(=in which)Chairman Mao ever lived.这就是毛主席曾经居住过的小村庄。

表示原因时，why前的先行词是表示原因的名词reason。例如：

Can you tell me the reason why(=for which)you di3、dn’t finish your homework? 你能告诉我你没有完成作业的原因吗？

六、whose引导的定语从句

Whose引导定语从句时，其先行词可以指人，也可以指物，当先行词指物时，可以用the+名词+of which的结构。例如：

He studies in a school whose buildings(=the buildings of which)are built on top of a hill.他就读的学校其房子都建在山顶上。

七、as作关系代词引导的定语从句

1、引导限制性定语从句。在主句中常有the same, so或such与as相呼应, as在定语从句中可作主语、宾语、主语补足语等。as引出的定语从句带有比较意义，从句常常只写出比较部分，但as本身不可省略。例如：

He used such expressions as he could find in the texts.他使用在课文中可以找到的那些词语。

They stayed for the night in the same room as they had once rented.他们在他们曾租用过的同一房间过夜。

注意：在the same…后也可用that引导定语从句，但含义有所不同。that引出的从句，指的是与先行词同一的事物，而as引导的从句指的是与先行词同类的事物。例如：

This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.这个包和我昨天丢失的包的样子是同样的。

This is the same bag that I lost yesterday.这就是我昨天丢失的那个包。

2、引导非限制性定语从句。带主句的全部或部分内容。常译为“正如-------”“就像------”等，定语从句可以置于主句句首、句中或句末。as后常接expect, know, report, say, see等动词的主、被动语态。例如：

As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.正如大家所知道的那样，月球每月绕着地球转一圈。

He wasn’t unconscious, as could be judged from his eyes.他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼神可以看出来。

注意：as, which引导非限制性定语从句的区别：

1）、都可以代整个主句，相当于and this或and that.2）、as可放在句首，而which不能。

3）、as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；如果为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.例如：

It rained hard yesterday, which prevented me from going to the park.昨天下大雨，这使得我不能去公园。

八、of短语作为定语从句的先行词的情况

one of the +复数名词这一结构后面的定语从句中的谓语动词，通常用复数形式，与定语从句所靠近的那个复数名词在数上保持一致。但如果one of the+复数名词这一结构前面带有the/only/the only之类的限定语，从句的谓语动词则要用单数形式，此时从句在意义上修饰的 是the one.例如：

Tom is one of the boys who were late that morning.汤姆是那天早晨迟到的男生之一。

Tom is the(only/the only)one of the boys who was late that morning.汤姆是那天早上唯一迟到的男生。

九、that有时可用作关系副词来代替when, 引导一个定语从句，修饰表示时间的名词，如day, time, moment等。例如：

I arrived here the day that(=when)he left.我是在他离开的那天到达这儿的。

He worked hard the whole time that(=when)he lived here.他在这里的整个时间工作都很努力。

十、than和but也可用作关系代词引导定语从句

1、than用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：

You spent more money than was intended to be spent.你花的钱超过了预定的数额。（than是关系代词，在句中作主语,其先行词是money）

2、but作为关系代词引导定语从句时，一般同具有否定意义的主句连用，其先行词可以是人，也可以是物，但只用于限制性定语从句中。例如:

There was not a single student in my class but learnt a lot from him.（but=who did not）我班上每一个学生都从他那里学到了很多东西。

因此，在这种句子中，but在意义上等于“that...not”，“who...not”，“which...not”。

修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分 使用that的情况：

1.当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代词时。e.g.Do you have anything that is important to tell me? 2.当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修饰时。

e.g.I have some books that are very good.3.当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。e.g.This is the first book that I bought myself.The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.4.主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时 e.g.Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting.5.当先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物.China is no longer the country that she was.6.如有两个定语从句,其中一个已用which引导,另一个宜用that.Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.7.在there be句型中,只用that.He asked for the latest book(that)there is on the subject.8.当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。e.g.This is the very book that I lost yesterday.9.当先行词又有人又有物时。

e.g.I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw.只能使用which的情况。

1、非限制性定语从句中。

e.g.Mary has a book, which is very precious.2、在介词之后。

e.g.This is a house in which lives an old man.3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。

e.g.That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.

第三篇：定语从句中不能用“which”的几种情况

定语从句中不能用“which”的几种情况

1.当先行词为all, little, much, few, everything, none 等不定代词时关系代词用that而不用which.I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.There are few books that you can read in this book store.2.当先行词既有人又有物时,关系代词用that, 不用which.He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited.3.当先行词有形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词用that, 而不用which.This is the best novel that I have ever read.Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities that I have ever visited.4.当先行词有序数词修饰时,关系代词用that, 不用which.The first sight that was caught at the Great Wall has made a lasting impression on him.5.当先行词被the only, the very, the same, the right等修饰时,关系代词用that,不用which.That is the very thing that we can do.It is the only book that he bought himself.6.当先行词被all, every, any, much, little, few, no等修饰时,关系代词用that,不用which.You can take any room that you like.There is no clothes that fit you here.7.当主句是以which开头的特殊问句时,定语从句关系代词一般用that而不用which.Which of the books that had pictures was worth reading?

8.在强调句型“ It is...that...” 中,只用that,不用which.It is in this room that he was born twenty years ago.9.在“ such(the same)...as...” 句型中,关系代词要用as, 而不用which.We need such materials as(not which)can bear high temperature.10.表示“ 正如...那样 ”,“ 正象...” 之意时, 用as, 不用which.Mary was late again, as had been expected.11.As 引导的定语从句可以放在主句前面, 也可以放在主句后面或主句中间,而由 which引导的定语从句只能放在主句后面。

As we all know, oceans cover more than 70% of the earth.

第四篇：主语从句中的虚拟语气

一、It’s important…类

这一类型主要包括It is(was)important(necessary, desirable, imperative, advisable)that...句型。如：

It is impossible that he should go home.他不可能会回家去。

It is necessary that I should return it right now.我有必要马上把它还回去。

It is important that we should speah politely.我们说话要有礼貌，这是很重要的。It is not necessary that everyone be a scientist.没有必要使每一个人都成为科学家。It is imperative that we should practise critidsm and self-criticism.应当进行批评与自我批评。

二、It’s a pity…类

It is a pity that she should fare so badly.她竟吃得这么差，真可怜。

It’s a pity that he should be so obstinate.真遗憾他竟这样倔犟。

It was a pity that you couldn’t come.你不能来，真是太遗憾了。

It is a pity that she failed the driving examination.她没通过驾驶考试真是遗憾。

It is his desire that a medical man should stay here.他希望有一个医务人员留在这里。

三、It’s desired…类

这种主语从句还常用在It is(was)desired(suggested, settled, proposed, requested, decided, etc.)that...句型。如：

It is requested that a vote be taken.建议付诸表决。

It is settled that you leave us, then? 那么你肯定要离开我们罗?

It was proposed that this matter be considered at the next meeting.有人提议这事下次会议再讨论。

It is desired that this rule should be brought to the attention of the staff.希望这条规则引起全体职员的注意。

【特别说明】

(1)在现代英语中，有时也可不用虚拟语气而用陈述语气，但初学者宜慎用。

(2)在It is amazing(strange, surprising, astonishing, a pity, a shame)以及 I am surprised(sorry)和I regret等结构后的that 从句中有时也用should，表示说话人的惊异、懊悔、失望等情感，常含有“竟然”之意：

It’s strange that he should be so rude.他竟如此无礼，真是奇怪。

I’m surprised that he should have failed.他竟然失败了，这使我很吃惊。

若不用虚拟语气也可以，则不带感情 色彩，比较：

It’s a pity that he failed the exam.他考试没及格，真是遗憾。

It’s a pity that he should have failed the exam.他考试竟没及格，真是遗憾。

第五篇：非谓语动词在句中作定语比较分析

非谓语动词在句中作定语比较分析

在英语句子中，不定式to do，分词v+ing 和v+ed 以及动名词v+ing 是非谓语动词，除不能作谓语外，其他成份都可担当，其中一个成份就是作定语。

不定式to do在句中作定语置于被修饰名词后，常同该名词构成动宾关系，要是不定式是不及物动词，其后应加上必要的介词。例： I have something to say.(to say something)I’ll give you a magazine to read.That is a good company to work for.He is a pleasant fellow to work with.Would you bring me a bench to sit on? 有些名词常接不定式作定语，如：chance, time, reason, way, effort, right(权利), movement等，例：

You haven’t any reason to leave me.You have no right to do such a thing.He succeeded in his effort to overcome his fatal weakness.He put himself out of the way to help others.We have no time to lose..Thank you for giving me the chance to make the speech.The first, the last, the second, the best 等常与不定式连用作定语。例： He is always the first to come.She would be the last to agree to our plan.You are the second to ask me that question.I’ll do my poor best to fix it up.当to go, to spare 作“剩下”讲时可作定语。例： He had five minutes to go before time was up.They had only 100 dollars to spare.不定式用在某些句子中作定语相当于一个定语从句，表示动作即将发生。例： There are many difficulties to overcome.= There are many difficulties that will have to be overcome.He has a large family to support.= He has a large family that he must support.现在分词与过去分词作定语

现在分词和过去分词在句中都可以作定语，但在语态和时间概念上有区别，在语态上，现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动，在时间上，现在分词表示动作正在进行，而过去分词则表示动作完成。例：

boiling water(主动、进行)boiled water(被动、完成)有时过去分词则表示被动，不表示完成的动作，有时则表示动作的完成，不表示被动的动作。例：

the fallen leaves(动作已完成)developed countries(动作已完成)an interested party(被动)单个分词作定语置于被修饰词前。例： China is a developing country.He lit a fire and from it took a burning stick.America is a developed country.有些单个分词（尤其是现在分词）作定语时也可以置于被修饰词之后，特别如一些不定代词 anything, something, everything, nothing 等则应后置。例：

the experience gained(获得的经验)for the time being(暂时)for years running(一连数年)She found the window open and something stolen.There is nothing doing.There is nothing interesting in today’s paper.They can see everything happening on the line.Is there anything interesting in the book? 分词短语置于被修饰词之后

The pen lying on the table belongs to you.The boy making faces is my son.I like songs performed by Mao Aming.其实作定语的分词短语可以扩展为定语从句。如上述三句可改为： The pen which is lying on the table belongs to you.The boy who is making faces is my son.I like songs which was performed by Mao Aming.现在分词作后置定语表示一个（现在或将来）正在进行的动作，或者表示某经常性动作或状态。例：

Can you see the star moving in the sky? There is a piano standing in the corner.如果分词所表示的动作在时间上同谓语动词所表示的动作不一致，不能使用现在分词，而应使用定语从句。例：

I want to know the man breaking the window.是一个错句 Break 的动作是先发生

上例不能用现在分词，应改为定语从句。如：….who broke the window.Do you know anyone having lost money.(X)Do you know anyone who lost money.(V)因此我们就知道在那种情况下定语从句可以用现在分词代替，即：定语从句动词所表示的时间同主句谓语动词的时间一致时。例： Did you see the man(who was)talking to the headmaster? The hospital which stands /standing across the street was set up last year.(stands 表示一个经常性的状态)过去分词在时间上，表示的动作发生在谓语动词之间，表示与句中谓语动词相应的经常性动作；或表示一个正在进行的动作，用being +过去分词结构。例： Is this the book written(which was written)by Henry James? He was then a teacher respected(who was respected)by all his students.The matter being discussed(which is being discussed)is of great importance.He was invited to a meeting to be held(which was to be held)the next day.动名词作定语 动名词单个词作定语时也置于被修饰词前，表示被修饰词的用途、类属等。例 ； a writing table = a table for writing(动名词)a sleeping child = a child who is sleeping（现在分词）a swimming pool = a pool for swimming（动名词）a waiting room = a room for waiting（动名词）drinking water = water for drinking（动名词）

No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.（动名词）That is a shop dealing in walking stick.（动名词）The sleeping child was in a sound sleep.（现在分词）

All bedrooms in this hotel have hot cold running water.(现在分词)从上述看，单个动名词和现在分词都可以作前置定语，但现在分词和被修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系，表示被修饰名词自身发生的动作或行为，而动名词和被修饰的名词不表示这种关系，只表示与被修饰名词的用途、类属等。

动名词作介词宾语构成的介词短语可定语。例：

He is in the habit of rising early.(of rising 修饰名词habit)She has a good idea of playing snowball.(of playing 修饰名词idea)有些名词有时也可接不定式和其接“介词＋动名词”在意义上没有区别。例： That is the way of setting the problem.That is the way to settle the problem.这类名词常用的有：

time for doing sth.Reason of doing sth.Time to do sth.Reason to do sth.Freedom in doing sth.Chance of doing sth.Freedom to do sth.Chance to do sth.Failure in doing sth.Patience in doing sth Failure to do sth.Patience to do sth.Choice of doing sth.Opportunity of doing sth.Choice to do sth.Opportunity to do sth.但有些名词和purpose, method, idea, habit 等后面只能接of + 动名词，不接不定式，有些名词如promise, effort, desire, attempt, ability, refusal, determination, failure 不接of + 动名词，但可以接不定式。例：

It is surprising that they should choose this method of passing the evening.(不用……method to pass)The old man is in the habit of reading the newspaper at breakfast.(不用……habit to do)

I don’t trust his promise to come for a visit.（不用……promise of coming）She had persisted in her refusal to spend Christmas in Brusly.（不用……refusal of spending）

But his efforts to get her back were vain.(不用……efforts of getting)[示例]

考题1---What do you think of the middle school?---It is a very good __________.A.school to study B.School to study in C.Studying school D.school for children to study 解析 从本题的答案看并结合提干的要求接上一个名词school，后在这个名词后面使用不定式作该名词的定语，从答案中看给的不定式 to study，在此是作不及物动词，因此不定式的后面应加上一个介词in才合乎题意，所以选Ｂ。

考题２ Snow was falling when they went along a mountain path __________ to the front.A.to lead B.Led C.Leading D.being led 解析 据题意提干前有一个名词path，其后是介词组to the front，即要求一个现在分词和to the front连成现在分词短语修饰名词path作定语，path名词虽表示物不能使用过去分词，是小路本身延伸到前线的，所以选Ｃ。

考题３ They set up an __________ table in a small temple to operate on the __________ soldiers.A.operating;wounded B.operated;wounding C.operated;wounded D.operating;wounding 解析 据题意在第一个提干里应使用动名词作tale的名词的定语，修饰table，说明战士是被枪击伤的即受伤的士兵，表被动完成的动作，所以选Ａ。［训练］

1.The cadre told me that he had a meeting __________.A.to attend B.Attend C.Attending D.to be attended 2.He asked for a piece of paper __________ and a pen __________.A.to write;to write B.To write;to write on C.To write on;to write with D.writing;writing 3.Are you going to the dinner party __________ at the hotel.A.to give B.To be given C.Giving D.to giving 4.The man drinking __________ water was scalded(烫伤)by __________ water yesterday.A.boiled;boiled B.Boiling;boiling C.Boiled;boiling D.boiling;boiled 5.Holding a __________ stick he went into the dark cave.A.burn B.Burnt C.To burn D.burning