初一英语上册各单元语法知识点复习总结

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第一篇:初一英语上册各单元语法知识点复习总结

初一英语上册各单元知识点总结 Unit 1 My name’s Gina

【语法看点】

语法探究一:常见的打招呼的问候语

人际交往中,最常用的语言是打招呼的问候用语。在不同的国家里,打招呼和问候的方式是不同的。中国人喜欢用“吃了吗?” “你干什么去?”作为打招呼的开场白,而在欧美国家的人们是怎样打招呼或问候呢? 1.熟人打招呼:

—Hello!/Hi!—Hello!/Hi!2.不同时段的问候:

—Good morning/afternoon/evening/night!(Morning!/Afternoon!/Evening!)—Good morning!/afternoon!/evening!3.熟人间关心的问好:

—How are you? —Fine.thank you.And you?(I'm fine,thank you./I'm OK./Not bad.)4.晚上睡觉前的告别语:

—Good night!晚安!

—Good night!晚安!语法探究二:打电话用语

我们经常打电话,但你知道怎样用英语给别人打电话吗? 1.This is...(speaking).我是……

2.Who is that? 你是准? 或Is that...(speaking)? 你是……吗? 3.May I speak to...,please? 我可以跟…说话吗? 4.He's in(out).他在家(不在家)。

5.Can I take a message for you? 我可以为你捎信吗? 6.Can I leave a message? 我可以留个信儿吗? 7.Hold on,please.稍等。

Unit 2 This is my sister 【语法看点】

语法探究一:介绍和自我介绍

“介绍和自我介绍”是新课程标准中的话题之一。学会向外人介绍自己的家人是中学生日常用语常用的语言,也是中考中交际英 语常考的内容。下面就简单介绍一下。(l)This is my,..这是我的……(2)That's my...那是我的……

(3)Is this /that your...? 这/那是你的……吗?(4)These/ Those are...这些/那些是……

(5)—Who is she/he?她/他是谁? —She/He is my...她/他是我的…

(6)—Who are they?他们是谁? —They are...他们是…… 语法探究二:人称代词和指示代词 1.人称代词

(1)概念:英语中代替具体的人或物的词叫人称代词,有第一、二、三人称及单复数、性别之分。

(2)用法:指代上文提到的不同人称的人或物。如:Peter is a good boy.He is twelve.(3)be动词根据人称代词和数的变化而变化。如:I'm Linda.He is Jim. 2.指示代词

(1)指示代词是指代前面的名词的词。常见的有this,that,these,those等。

(2)用法:指示代词可以在句中作主语,宾语和定语。如:This is a pencil.That boy is my new friend.♥ 提醒:this,these指代近处的人或事物;that,those指代远处的人或事物。

Unit 3 Is this your pencil? 【语法看点】人称代词和物主代词 语法探究一:人称代词

(1)概念:表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词,叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表:

人称 单数 复数

主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her it it

(2)用法:人称代词主格作主语 I am a teacher.You are a student.(3)人称代词宾格作宾语,表示动作行为的对象。Give it to me.Let's go.语法探究二:物主代词

(l)概念:表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种,其人称和数的变化见下表。数 单数 复数

人称类别 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称

形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 汉语 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的

名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。其后不必加名词。如:

Is this your book? No,it isn't.It's hers(her book).Unit 4 Where’s my schoolbag? 【语法看点】

语法探究名词变复数小结

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。名词单数变复数形式的部分规则如下:

(1)一般名词词尾加s。如: pen→pens

(2)以o结尾的名词一般直接加~s。如:radio→radios,photo → photos

但有的以o结尾的有生命的名词要加~es。如:tomato→ tomatoes(3)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词变为复数时要加~es。如:bus→buses, box→boxes, watch→watches(4)以“辅音字母加y”结尾的名词变y为i加~es。女口: dictionary→dictionaries

(5)以“元音字母加y”结尾的直接加~s,如:boy→ boys,key→ keys(6)以f或fe结尾的名词,一般情况下将f、fe变为v,再加~es。如:leaf→ leaves, wife→wives Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball? 【语法看点】

语法探究:一般现在时 1.定义

表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作或状态;还用于个人的情况介绍。2.用法

(1)谓语动词为be。

①变否定句时,在am,is,are的后面加________即可;

②变一般疑问句则要把________、________或________提前。同时,把句号变成问号;

③变特殊疑问句:用特殊疑问词替换画线部分,放在句首,同时把剩余的部分变成一般疑问句放在特殊疑问词的后面。(2)谓语动词是实义动词。

①变否定句时,需要增加助动词________或________.当主语是第一人称I,we,第二人称you或第三人称复数时,助动词do变为________;当主语是第三人称单数时,助动词does变为________,同时,后面跟动词原形。

②变一般疑问句时,也要增加助动词放在句首,原来的动词变为动词原形。

③变特殊疑问句时,用特殊疑问词替换划线部分,置于句首,后面加—般疑问句。

Unit 6 Do you like bananas? 【语法看点】 语法探究:名词

★ 分类:英语中的普通名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。★ 可数名词复数的规则变化

l)一般情况,在名词词尾加____,如:apple→____________;book→____________。

2)以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加____,如:glass→ ________,box→ ________。

3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为_____ 加_______,如cities,babies,enemies。

4)以f或fe结尾的名词,多数变f或fe为v加es,如:wife→wives,leaf→leaves。

但有些词只加s,如:roofs,proofs,chiefs。

5)以o结尾的名词,多数加es,但一些外来词或词尾为两个元音字母的词加s。

如: tomato→________,zoo→zoos,photo→________。6)不规则名词变化:foot→feet,tooth→teeth, child→children, man→men,woman→women, sheep→sheep, deer→deer, mouse→mice。

★ 名词变复数的读音:(口诀:清清浊浊元浊)1)清辅音后读/s/,如:map→maps

浊辅音和元音后读/ z /,如:bag→bags,car→cars 2)以s,sh,ch,x等结尾加es读/ iz /,如:bus→buses, watch→watches

以ce,se,ze等结尾加s读/iz/,如:license→licenses, 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加es读/z/,如:baby→babies Unit 7 How much are there socks ? 5 【语法看点】 语法探究:购物

“购物”是初中新课程标准中规定的话题之一,也是中考常考的内容。所以,学会“购物用语”对于我们学习英语非常重要。常用的购物用语有:

(1)Can I help you?= What can I do for you? 我能为您做些什么?

(2)What color do you want? 您要什么颜色的?

(3)What sizes do you have/want? 您有/想要多大尺寸的?(4)一How much is it? 一It's…dollars/ yuan.这个多少钱?……美元/元。

(5)一How much are they? 一They're...Dollars.他们多少钱?他们……美元。

(6)What/How about…? ……怎么样?(7)It's too expensive.太贵了。(8)It's cheap.很便宜。

(9)It/They look(s)nice.I'll take it/them.看起来不错,我买了。(10)Thanks a lot.非常感谢。(11)You're welcome.不客气。(12)Here you are.给你。Unit 8 When is your birthday? 【语法看点】

语法探究一:生日话题

“询问生日”是日常生活中常用到的话题,也是中考常考的内容。所以,学会“询问生日…

对于我们学习英语非常重要。常用的询问生日用语有:

—When is your birthday? 一It's… 语法探究二:介词on,in,at的用法

与时间名词连用时介词on,in,at的用法:

at : 表示在某一时刻。如: at six(o'clock)在六点钟,at half past rune在九点半,at three forty-five在三点四十五分

in : 表示在某一段时间内,可能很长,也可能很短。如:in five minutes在五分钟以内,In summer在夏天,in May,1965在一九六五年五月 on : 表示在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上。

如:on September 10在九月十日,on Friday morning在星期五上午,on a cold winter morning 在一个寒冷的冬天的早晨

注意:1.in也常常与morning,afternoon,evening这三个词构成固定搭配,表示在„„上午、下午、晚上”,这时名词前用定冠词the,且不要修饰语。如:in the morning在早晨;

in the afternoon在下午;in the evening在晚上。

2.at也可用于一些固定搭配中,如:at noon,at night, at the weekend, at weekends等。

3.在以this,that,tomorrow,next,yesterday, every,last,today等开头的时间前二般不

加介词。如:last autumn去年秋天;this evening今天晚上;next Friday下周五

Unit 9 My favorite subject is science 【语法看点】 话题探究

“学校生活和兴趣爱好”是初中新课程标准中规定的话题之一,也是日常生活常谈论 的内容。常用的句型有:

(1)—What's your favorite subject? 你最喜欢的科目是什么?

—My favorite subject is English.我最喜欢的科目是英语。(2)—Why do you like it? 你为什么喜欢它?

—Because it's interesting.因为它有趣。

(3)—Who is your English teacher? 你的英语老师是谁?

—Ms Zhang.张老师。

(4)—When is your English class? 什么时候上英语课?

—It's on Monday and Wednesday.周一和周三。

第二篇:人教版初一英语各单元知识点归纳

2012最新人教版初一英语下册各单元知识点总结

Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?

一、单词与词组

Join: 表示―参加,加入‖,此处指参加社团或组织,成为其中的成员。e.g:Join the army 参军/ join the NBA 加入美国篮球协会 Join the art/sports/music/English/chess club 参加体育/音乐/英语/象棋俱乐部

乐器类+the play the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano 非乐器类+ the play soccer/ basketball/volleyball/football/tennis/badminton(英式足球 / 篮球 / 排球 /英式足球,美式橄榄球/网球/羽毛球)

Be good at+ sth./doing sth.擅长做某事 Be good with 与…相处得好

Be good to 对…友好=be friendly to

Be good for 对…有好处 Like to do sth.特指某一次的动作;like doing sth.强调经常性的爱好。两者都表示喜欢做某事,在仅仅表达―喜欢‖时两者可以通用。Tell: Tell stories 讲故事 tell sb.sth./to do sth./not to do sth.告诉某人某事/不要做某事

Help:help sb.to do sth./help sb.with sth./ help sb.do sth.帮助某人做某事 help yourself/sb.(to sth.)把某物(尤其是指食物,饮料等)拿给自己/某人 can't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事

Call at 用于打某人的电话 e.g.Call Mr.Brown at 293-7742 Home:1.表示动态概念。意思是―回家‖,―到家‖。前面不加介词。这里的home 是副词,表示目的地。

e.g.1)When do you go home every day?你每天什么时候回家?

2)He drives home after work.他下班的开车回家。3)She often does some shopping on his way home.她经常在回家途中买些东西。

2.at home 表示静态概念。意思是―在家‖。这里的home是名词,表示具体地点。e.g.1)Is she at home? 她在家吗?2)He left his book at home.他把书放在家里了。go home 回家 get home 到家 at home 在家 Also 也,而且;较正式,用于肯定句,紧跟动词。

e.g.I can speak English and I can also speak Chinese.我能说英文也能说中文。

Too 多用于口语,放在句末。e.g.Me too.Either 多用于否定句,放在句末。e.g.He hasn’t finished, either.他也没有完成。

show sb.sth./show sth.to sb.展示给某人看

Show time 作秀时间,表演开始 talk show 脱口秀(美国脱口秀节目)

Unit 2 What time do you go to school?

时间连词:when=while 当…时

then 然后

after that 在那之后

at+时间点/

e.g: sb.do sth.at about +时间点

for breakfast/lunch/dinner…

睡觉go to bed=go to sleep 睡觉

反:get up 起床

take a tap 午休,小睡一会儿

Time 表时间,不可数;表次数时是可数名词。

some times 几次

sometimes 有时

some time 一段时间

sometime 某个时候

系动词It tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来(含被动意味,但不能用被动语态)

tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like 尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/ 摸起来像…

either…or… 二选一

neither…nor… 两者都不

连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致,即 “就近原则”。

e.g.Either you or I am going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。

Neither dad nor mum is at home today.今天父母都不在家。

Here引导的倒装句表位置的副词放在句首时,如主语是代词,不倒装 ;

表位置的副词放在句首时,如主语是名词,要用全部倒装。e.g.Here it is!

Here he comes.(代词不倒装)

Here is your ticket.Here comes the bus.(名词倒装)

关于时间的问法

(1)以when提问,―什么时候‖可以是较长的时间段,也可以是较短的时间点

①When is your birthday?

你的生日是什么时候?

②My birthday is Dec.29th.我的生日是12月29日。这里就是指一天的时间段

①When do you go home?

你几点回家?

②I go home at 4:30 p.m.我下午4:30回家.这里when问的是具体的时间。

(2)具体几点我们通常用what time提问

①What time is it now? 现在几点了?

or What’s the time? 几点了? It’s 9:26.现在九点二十六。

②What time is it by your watch? 你手表几点了?It’s 8:36.Oh, It’s 50 minutes late(8:36,哦,它慢了50分钟。)③What time do you get up?

你几点起床? I get up at 6:00 a.m.我早上6点起床。

Unit 3 How do you get to school?

many students是单指学生数量多,侧重数量

many of the students是指学生中很多一部分,强调部分

too…太…

1.too much意为―太多‖,+不可数名词/+动词。

e.g.I had too much housework to do yesterday.昨天我有太多的家务活要干。She talks too much.她说话太多。

much too意思是―过分,太‖,隐含了过分而不恰当之意,much too+形容词或副词,不+动词。

e.g.The question is much too difficult.这道题太难了。

You’re walking much too fast.你走得太快了。

2.too…to…太…而不能….e.g.You are never too young to study.同:so…that…太…以至于… e.g.The river runs too quickly for boats.=The river suns too quickly to row a boat.=The river runs so quickly that people can’t row a boat to across the river.Unit 4 Don’t eat in class.一、词组

school rules 学校规章制度

break the rules 违反规章制度

make the rules 制定规章..in the hallways 在过道

in the music room 在音乐教室里

in the dining hall 在餐厅

be in bed 在床上 be late for 迟到

listen to music 听音乐

wash my clothes 洗衣服

make dinner 做饭

have to do 不得不做

too many+名词复数;too much +不可数名词―太多‖ by ten o’clock 十点之前

on school nights 上学的晚上

on weekends 在周末

go to the children’s palace 去少年宫

after school 放学后

sports shoes 运动鞋

gym class 体育课

二、句型

(1)Don’t arrive late for class.(2)We can’t listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside.(3)--What else do you have to do?--We have to clean the classroom.(4)--Can we wear hats in school?--Yes, we can/ No, we can’t.(5)--Do you have to wear a uniform at school?--Yes, we do /No, we don’t.(6)What are the rules at your school?

(7)重难点精析:

祈使句

通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you(听话人)通常省略。其构成通常有以下几种形式。

1)Be型(即系动词原型be+表语+其他)。如:

Be quiet,please.否定句Don’t + be+表语+其他。如: Don’t be angry.2)Do型(即系动词原形+宾语+其他)。如:

Open you books, please.否定句Don’t +实义动词原形+宾语+其他。如: Don’t eat in the classroom.3)Let型(即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他)如:Let me help you.Let’s go at six o’clock.否定句一般在宾语后加not。如: Let’ not watch TV.4)No+V-ing型(此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中,意为―禁止做某事―)如:

No smoking!严禁吸烟!No talking!不许交谈!

No passing!禁止通行!No parking!不许停车!

Must与have to

1.must表主观看法,主观上的必要

have to 表客观需要

e.g.My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)

He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事)

2.have to有人称、数、时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。3.在否定结构中: don't have to 表示“不必”;mustn't 表示“禁止”。

e.g.You don't have to(needn’t没必要)tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。

You mustn't(can’t 不能)tell him about it.你一定不要把这件事告诉他。On time 准时,按时。In time 及时,迟早

e.g.We were just in time for(to catch)the bus.我们及时赶上了公车。

The train pulled in on time.车准时到站。

Unit 5 Why do you like pandas?

一、词组

want to do sth.想要做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 want sth 想要某物 Let sb do sth 让某人做某事

Kind

kind of 有几分种类

a kind of 一种…(all)kinds of 各种各样的=various of like to do sth/like doing sth 喜欢做某事

play with 与...一起玩 during the day 在白天

at night 在夜间

二、句型与日常交际用语

1、-why do you like pandas?/-Why dose he like koalas?

-Because they’re kind of interesting.2、Why do you want to see the lions?

-Because they’re …

3、-Where are lions from?

-Lions are from South Africa.4、-What(other)animals do you like?

-I like elephants.5.This is a symbol of good luck.…的象征

6.Have a good memory like an elephant.形容记忆力好.-How old are you?=What’s your age?

–I’m ten years old./I’m ten.8.-Do you like giraffes?-Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.9.make of 与make from

―由…组成‖ make of 看得出原材料,物理变化;make from 看不出原材料,化学变化。

e.g.We must save trees and not by things made of ivory(象牙).The paper is made of wood.The other, others, another, other的区别

10.other可作形容词或代词,做形容词时,意思是―别的,其他‖,泛指―其他的(人或物)‖。e.g : Do you have any other question(s)? 你还有其他问题吗? Ask some other people.问问别人吧!Put it in your other hand.把它放在你另一只手里。

11.the other指两个人或物中的一个时,只能用the other,不能用another,此时的other作代词。如: He has two daughters.One is a nurse, the other is a worker.他有两个女儿,一个是护士,另一个是工人。the other后可加单数名词,也可加复数名词,此时的other作形容词。如: On the other side of the street,there is a tall tree.在街道的另一边,有一棵大树。Mary is much taller than the other girls.玛丽比其他的女孩高得多。He lives on the other side of the river.他住在河的对岸。

12.others是other的复数形式,泛指―另外几个‖,―其余的‖。在句中可作主语、宾语。如: Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports.我们一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞,其余的从事体育活动。Give me some others, please.请给我别的东西吧!There are no others.没有别的了。

13.the others意思是―其他东西,其余的人‖。特指某一范围内的―其他的(人或物)‖。是the other的复数形式。如: Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home.两个男孩将去动物园,其余的留在家里。the others=the other 复数名词,这在第2条中已经有所介绍。

14.another=an other,既可作形容词,也可作代词,只能用于三个或更多的人或物,泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的―另一个‖,只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。如: I don’t like this one.Please show me another.我不喜欢这一个,请给我看看另一个。I have three daughters.One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker.我有三个女儿。一个是护士,另一个是教师,还有一个是工人。

15.Let’s do sth , let’s=let us 让我们做…… 人称代词用宾格

Let’s 之后跟动词原形。Let’s see the panda.我们看熊猫吧。

Let’s go!我们走吧!

Unit 6 I’m watching TV.一、词组

do one’s homework 做家庭作业

watch TV 看电视

eat dinner 吃饭;就餐 clean the room 打扫房间

talk on the phone 电话聊天

thanks for+n/doing为某事感谢某人

go shopping/swimming去购物/游泳 at the pool 在游泳池 at school 在学校 in the tree 在树上 read newspaper/a book 看报纸/看书

write a letter 写信

go to the movies =go to the cinema=watch a movie 看电影

take photos 拍照 wait for 等待;等候

TV show 电视节目 talk about 谈论…

e.g.What are you talking about?

some of…中的一些

a photo of my family 我的家庭照 be with 和...一起

with sb.和某人在一起

in the first/last photo在第一张/最后一张照片

二、句型与日常交际用语

1.-What+be+主语+doing? …正在做什么?

-主语+be doing… …正在做某事

2.-Here are/is…

e.g: Here are some of my photos./Here is a photo of my family.3.-Do you want to go to the movies?

-Sure.4.-When do you want to go?

-Let’s go at seven.5.-Where do people play basketball?

-At school.6.-What’s he waiting for?

-He’s waiting for a bus.7.-What’s he reading?

-He’s reading a newspaper.8.Can +do(动词原形)可以… e.g.You can see my family at home.三、语法——现在进行时

1)现在在进行时的形式:助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式(也叫现在分词),表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。

2)现在进行时的肯定句形式:主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他

e.g:I’m watching TV.3)现在进行时的否定句形式:主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他 e.g:They are not playing soccer.4)现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答: ——Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他? ——Yes,主语+is/am/are.No,主语+isn’t/aren’t/am not.e.g:Are you reading? Yes,I am.No,I am not.5)现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他?

e.g:What is your brother doing?

Unit 7 It’s raining!

一、词组

play computer games 打电子游戏

lie on the beach 躺在沙滩上

play beach volleyball 打沙滩排球

in this heat 在酷暑中

in picture 在图片里

on vacation 度假

on the beach 在海边

around the world 世界各地 =all over the world

be surprised at sth./sb.对某人或某人感到惊讶

be relaxed 放松 =feel relaxed

have a good time 玩得很痛快

in different kind of weather 在不同的天气里

thank sb for(doing)sth由于某事而感谢某人 some…others…一些…另一些…

a group of people 一群人

look at sb doing/do sth 看某人正在做某事/做了某事(事情的全过程)

everyone后只接人不跟of, 相当于everybody;every one 后跟人或物,可跟of。e.g.Everyone is here.每个人都在这。

Every one of the students likes the teacher.每位学生都很喜欢这个老师。

二、句型/日常交际用语

(1)-How’s the weather(+地点)?-It’s rainy./It’s cold and snowing.(2)-What’s the weather like?-The weather there is very hot.(3)-How’s it going(with sb.)?某人最近怎样。/How was your trip?-Great./Not bad./Terrible/Pretty good!

(4)Thanks you for joining CCTV’s Around the World show!(5)-Is Aunt Wang there?-Yes, she is/No, she isn’t.(6)There are many people here on vacation.(7)See you later./See you soon.之后见/很快见

(8)My phone isn’t working.我的电话坏了。

Unit 8 Is there a post office near there?

一、词组

post office 邮局

pay phone 投币式公用电话

next to 在...隔壁

across from 在...对面 in front of 在...前面

between…and… 在...和...之间

on a street 在街上

in the neighborhood 在附近

on the right/left 在右边/在左边 behind…在…后面 on Green street 在格林街上

near…在…附近

go straight 一直走

go down(along)…沿着...走

welcome to… 欢迎 enjoy+名词/doing喜欢做某事

have fun 过得愉快

on one’s right/left 在某人的右边/左边

turn right/left 向右/左转

take a walk 散步

the way to „去...的路

let sb do sth 让某人做某事

take a taxi 打的/乘出租车

go through...穿过..have a good trip 旅途愉快=have a good time.玩的开心,过得愉快

arrive at(小地方)/in(大地方)到达

at the beginning of 在...开始的时候

at the end of 在...结束的时候 hope to do sth/that/for sth 希望做某事(不可以用hope sb.to do sth.)help sb.to do sth./sb.sth.帮助某人某事 in front of 与 in the front of 的区别

in front of就是指在某物的前方;in the front of是指在某物的内部靠前的地方。

e.g.Sit in the front of the classroom.指坐在教室前排的。

Sit in front of the classroom指坐在教室前面(教室外面的前面)。It cost sb.st.to do sth./some moey sb.spend time on sth./(in)doing sth./sb.spend some money.花费时间/金钱做某事

二、句型。

1、Is there a......?句型.

e.g:

-Excuse me.Is there a hotel in /near the neighborhood.-Yes, there is.No.there isn’t

2、Where is......?句型. e.g:-Where is the park, please?-It’s behind the bank.(肯定回答)-I’m sorry I don’t know.(否定回答)

3、Which is the way to +地点? 句型.如:

Which is the way to the library?

4、How can I get to +地点?句型.如:

How can I get to the restaurant?

5、Can you tell me the way to +地点?/Could you please tell me ….句型.如:

Can you tell me the way to the post office?

6、Let me tell you the way to my house.7、Just go straight and turn left.三、日常交际用语

1、Is there a bank near here?

Yes, there is.It’s on Centre Street./No, there isn’t.2、Where’s the supermarket? It’s next to the library.3、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.4、I hope you have a good trip.5.If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant.6、Talk a walk though the park..7、I know you are arriving next Sunday.我知道你下周日要来。

8、Time goes by./time goes quickly.时间流逝/时间流逝得飞快

Unit 9 What dose he look like?

一、词组

curly /short/straight/long hair卷/短/直发 of medium height/build中等高度/身体

a little bit+形容词 一点儿„

a pop singer 一位流行歌手

be popular with sb 在…流行

not…any more 不再

good-looking 好看

wear glasses 戴眼镜

have a new look 呈现新面貌

the captain of the basketball team 篮球队队长

Nobody knows me 没有人认识我二、句型 1)--What does he look like?

--He’s really short.He has short hair./ He is of medium build.2)Do you know I have a new friend in Class Five?

3)--She has beautiful, long black hair.--I don’t think he’s so great.4)stop doing(sth)表示停止正在干的事 如: He stop listening--She never stops talking.stop to do(sth)表示停下来去做某事 如: He stops to listen.5)I can go shopping and nobody knows me.6)-Is he tall or short? –He’s of medium height.7)He has long straight brown hair.Unit 10 I’d like some noodles.一、词组

would like+ n/to do 想要

a large/medium/small bowl of 大碗/中碗/小碗

what size 什么尺寸 orange juice 桔汁

green tea 绿茶

what kind of 表示„.的种类

a kind of 一种„ some kind of 许多种„

a bowl of rice 一碗米饭

a bottle of orange juice 一瓶桔子汁(不可数)three oranges 三个桔子(可数)

some chicken 一些鸡肉(不可数)three chickens 三只小鸡(可数)gongbao chicken 宫爆鸡丁

mapo tofu 麻婆豆腐

cut up 切碎

cut down 砍下

cut off 切断

cut out 切掉

二、句型

1)What kind of „ would you like? 你想要„?

2)--What size bowl of noodles would you like?

--I like a small bowl of noodles.3)We have large ,medium, and small bowls.4)I like dumplings, I don’t like noodles.三、日常交际用语

1)--Can I help you?/ What can I do for you?/May I take your order?

--I’d like some noodles.please.2)--What kind of noodles would you like?

--I’d like mutton and potato noodles.Please.3)--Would you like a cup of green tea?

--Yes, please./No, thanks

would like后面还可以跟不定式.即:

1,would like to do sth.想要做某事 He would like to see you today.2,would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事 What would you like me to do.※ If

If 引导的条件状语从句 主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。e.g.If he or she blows(从句)out all the candles in one go, the wish will(主句)come true.If it doesn’t(从句)rain, we will(主句)play basketball.※ It

it 作形式主语。结构:it+be(is/was)+(for sb.)+to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事怎么样

e.g.It’s getting more and more popular to have cake on your birthday.= It becomes more and more popular that people have cake on their birthday.Unit 11 How was you weekend?

一、词组

do some reading 阅读

study for the(math)test 准备(数学)考试

have a party/ do some sports 做运动

practice+n/doing 练习…

what aout/ How about+n/doing 做什么怎么样

stay at home 呆家里

go to summer camp 去夏令营

go shopping 去购物 go to the beach/pool 去沙滩/游泳

go to the mountains 去爬

last month 上个月

three days ago 三天前

yesterday 昨天

the day before yesteday 前天

the day after tomorrow 后天

look for 寻找

look after 照顾,看管

look out(for)留神,注意

look up 查找 go for a walk 散步

in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/在下午/在晚上

on Sunday morning 在某个具体一天的上午、下午用介词on play computer games 玩电脑游戏

spend money/time on sth/(in)doing sth 花费…做… watch sb do/doing sth 看某人做了某事/正在做某事

二、句型

1)I visited my aunt last weekend.2)--How was your weekend?--It was great./OK

3)It was time for sb to do sth.三、日常交际用语

1)--What did you do last weekend?--On Saturday morning,I played teenis.2)--How was your weekend?--It was great.I went to the brach.※感叹句

1.What + a + 形容词 + 名词单数(+ 主语+动词)/ 2.What + 形容词 + 名词复数(+ 主语 + 动词)/ 3.What + 形容词 + 不可数名词(+主语+动词)

e.g.What a beautiful girl she is!(单数)

What beautiful girls they are!(复数)

What delicious milk it is!

(不可数)4.How + 形容词/副词(+ 主语 + 动词)

E.g.How beautiful this girl is!

(以上有点麻烦,简单记:把感叹句从后面把主语和谓语(句子)挑出,然后看前面的感叹部分,若有名词,就用what;若无,就用how。)但是注意单数时候:what a careful student she is!= How careful a student sh is!练习:

_____nice it is today!

_____ a nice day it is today!

_____ ugly animals they are!

What a big box it is!== How big the box is!What nice weather it is!== How nice the weather is!What clean rooms they are!== How clean the rooms are!Unit 12 Where did you do last weekend?

一、词组

pretty good 相当好;不错

in the conner 在角落

kind of boring 有点无聊

be lost 迷路 feel happy 感到高兴 be fun 很有趣

on vacation 在度假

Central Park中央公园

the Great Wall 长城

the Palace Museum 故宫

Tian’an Men Square 天安门广场

make sb adj 使某人… make sb do sth 使某人做某事

decide to do sth决定做某事

二、句型

1)--Where did you go on vacation?

--I went to the breach.2)--How was the weather?

--It was hot and humid.3)--It was kind of boring

4)--That made me feel very happy.5)--We had great fun playing in the water.--have great fun doing sth表示―愉快地做某事‖,―做某事很有趣‖

6)I helped him find his father.That made me feel very happy.make sb.do.sth.使某人做某事let(make)sb.do.sth.7)I found a small boy crying in the conner.find sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事。find sb.do.sth.发现某人做某事(整个过程)

第三篇:初一英语上册语法总结

初一英语上册语法总结

冠词的用法

冠词是一种虚词,用在名词或名词词组的前面,表示名词是特指还是泛指。冠词可分为不定冠词和定冠词两种形式。不定冠词有 a, an。定冠词有 the.其中, a 用在发音以辅音开头的名词之前, 而 an 则 用在发音以元 音开头的名词之前。不定冠词的用法:

1)表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个,经常用在第一次提到某人或某物时,用不定冠词起介绍作用,表示一个。

I gave him a book yesterday.我昨天给了他一本书。

I have got a ticket.我有一张票。

There is a tree in front of my house.我的屋前有一棵树。

2)表示人或事物的某一种类, 强调整体, 即以其中的一个代表一类。

A horse is useful to mankind.马对人类有用。

A bird can fly.鸟会飞。

3)不定冠词用在事物的“单位”前,如时间, 速度, 价格等意义的名词之前,表示 “每一”。

We often go to school two times a day.我们常常一天两次去学校。

I went to the library once a week at least.我一星期至少去一次图书馆。

4)不定冠词用来指某人某物,但不具体说明任何人或任何物。

A boy came to see you a moment ago.刚才有一个小孩来找你。

I got this tool in a shop.我在商店买的这件工具。

We need a car now.我们现在需要一辆车。

5)不定冠词用于某些词组。

a few 几个 a little 有点

She has a few friends in this city.她在这个城市中有几个朋友。

There is a little milk in the bottle.瓶子里有点牛奶。

定冠词的用法

1)定冠词特指某(些)人或某(些)事物, 以区别于同类中其他的人或事物。The bag in the desk is mine.桌子里的书包是我的。

Is this the book you are looking for?

这是你要找的书吗?

Do you know the man in back?

你知道穿黑色衣服的人是谁吗?

2)定冠词用来指上文中已提到过的人或事物。

I bought a book from Xinhua book-shop.The book costs 15 yuan.我从新华书店买了一本书.这本书值十五元。

I saw a film yesterday.The film was ended at eight o'clock.我昨天看了一场电影。电影八点钟结束的。

3)定冠词用于表示世界上独一无二的事物或用于自然界现象或方位名词之前。

the sun the moon the earth

the sky the world the winter night

The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大。

I can see a bird in the sky.我能看到天空中有一只小鸟。

4)定冠词与单数名词连用,表示这一类人或物。

The dog is not too danger.狗不太危险。

The cat is an animal.猫是一种动物。

5)定冠词与某些形容词连用,使形容词名词化, 表示某一类人。the poor, the rich, the wounded, the sick, the deaf.The wounded were brought to the hospital.受伤者被送到了医院。

He always helps the poor.他经常帮助穷人。

The deaf can go to this special school.耳聋者可以进这所特殊学校上学。

6)用在序数词, 形容词最高级和表示方位的名词前。

This is the biggest city in China I have ever visited.这是我在中国参观的最大的城市。

I saw a plane coming from the east.我看见一架飞机从东方飞来。

He is the last one to help me.他不会来帮助我的。

7)定冠词用在演奏乐器的名称和文艺活动,运动场所的名称前。

The little girl likes to play the violin.小女孩喜欢拉小提琴。

They are going to the cinema tonight.他们今晚要去影院看电影。

The theater was on fire last week.剧院昨天着火了。

8)定冠词用在报刊,杂志的名称的名词之前。

I am reading the China Daily now.我现在正读中国日报。

Have you got the Evening Paper yet? 你拿到晚报了吗?

The Times is a foreign newspaper.泰晤士报是一家外国报纸。

The Peking Review is on the desk.北京周报在桌子上放着。

9)定冠词用在江河,海洋,山脉,群岛的名称之前。

We live near the Yellow River.我们住在黄河边上。

The Changjiang River is the biggest one in China.长江是中国最大的河。

The Himalayas is located in Tibet.喜马拉雅山位于西藏。

10)定冠词用在姓名复数之前,表示一家人。

The Greens is very kind to us.格林一家人待我们很好。

The Whites like the classic music.怀特一家喜欢古典音乐。

1)专有名词,抽象名词和物质名词之前一般不用冠词。

China is a largest country in the world.中国是世界上最大的国家。

I think water is a kind of food, too.我认为水也是一种食物。

Cotton feels soft.棉花摸起来柔软。

2)表示日常餐食名词之前不用冠词,但如果指具体的饮食时用定冠词 the。

It's time for breakfast.该吃早饭了。

What do you have for lunch?

你午饭吃点什么?

The dinner I had at that restaurant was expensive.我在那家饭店吃的饭很贵。

3)在季节,月份,星期,节日。球类运动,棋类游戏的名词之前不用冠词。

Summer is hot and winter is cold here.这儿夏天热冬天冷。

New Year's Day is coming.新年就要到啦。

Today is the first day of May.今天是五月的第一天。

We are going to play basketball this afternoon.今天下午我们要去打篮球。

We don't like bridge very much.我们不太喜欢桥牌。

4)语言的名称前不用冠词。

Can you speak English?

你会讲英语吗?

It's difficult to learn Chinese well.要学好中文很难。

Tom knows English but he doesn't know French.汤姆懂英语但不懂法语。

5)某些固定词组不用冠词。

by air, on foot, at night, after school, at home, go to class, in fact, from morning till night.I'm going to Chicago by air next week.下周我要乘飞机去芝加哥。

I go to school on foot.我步行去学校上学。

In fact, I don't know him at all.实际上,我一点也不认识他。

He is at home today.他今天在家。名词

A)、名词的数

我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:

一)在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes

三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories

2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways

四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯

五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves

六)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese

七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks

八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员

九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals;但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers

十)有的单复数意思不同。如:fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作 works作品,工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡

十一)单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或's。如:Is(I's), Ks(K's)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs

十二)特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen

B)名词的格

当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下:

一)单数在后面加's。如:brother's, Mike's, teacher's

二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加',如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如:Teachers' Day教师节, classmates';Children's Day六一节, Women's Day三八节

三)由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个's,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如:Mike and Ben's room迈克和本的房间(共住一间),Mike's and Ben's rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)动词 A)第三人称单数

当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:

一)一般在词后加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains

二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes

三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries

2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys

四)以o结尾加es。如:does, goes

五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has

B)现在分词

当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下:

一)一般在后加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing

二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having

三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning

四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于

1.形容词的级

我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下:

一)一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer-nicest, larger-largest

二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest 三)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest

四)特殊情况:(两好多坏,一少老远)

good/wellmore most bad/ill – worse worst

little-less least old-older/elder oldest/eldest far-farther/further farthest/furthest

2.数词(基变序,有规则;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去。)

first, second, third;fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth;seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth;twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth.Could you … ?(你 / 你们……好吗?)句型多用来表示请求,这里的 could 比 can 语气更加委婉、客气和有礼貌,肯定回答多为:OK / All right!/ Certainly!/ Of course.否定回答常是:

Sorry , I /

we can’t.(不用couldn’t)。如:

—Could you lend me your dictionary ?

—Of course.2.one 不仅可用作基数词表―一‖之意,也能用作代词替代前面所提可数名词中的―一个‖或代指―任何人‖。例:)One and two is three.一加二等于三。)I don’t have pens.Please give one to me.我没有钢笔,请给我一支。

3)One must love one’s country.任何人都必须爱国。.You’re welcome.用来回答对方的感谢时,相当于That’s OK./ that’s all right./ Not at all.。如:

—Thank you very much.— You’re welcome..too 这个副词作―太‖讲时通常修饰形容词或副词(放在其前);作―也‖讲时多位于句尾(其前用逗号隔开)。例:

1)Your bag is too big.你的包太大。

2)Your bag is big , too.你的包也大。.当名词前有定冠词、指示代词和物主代词修饰时,all习惯上放在这些限定词之前。例:all my books(我所有的书)。.the other 通常表示两者(部分)中的―另外那个(些)‖,而不带定冠词的 other 多用来泛指―另一些‖。试比较:)The twins are English.One is Lucy , the other is Lily.这对双胞胎是英国人,一个叫露西,另一个叫莉莉。)I have many friends.Some are teachers , others are police men.我有很多朋友,一些是教师,另一些是警察。.socks , shoes , trousers , glasses(眼镜)等表示两部分构成的整体东西的名词习惯上用复数形式,如果指―一双(副)‖,应用a pair of 短语修饰。例:

a pair of socks(一双短袜),a pair of glasses(一副眼镜)等。

A pair of shoes is under the bed.8.当询问―某人(物)怎么啦?‖时,句型常用 What’s wrong with … ? 这里的疑问词 what 不可受汉语的影响误用 how。例:

—What’s wrong with your kite ? 你的风筝怎么啦?

—It’s broken.它坏了。.worry 作及物动词用时其后习惯上只接人作宾语,意为―使……担心‖;worry 用作不及物动词其后能接人或物作宾语,但必须用介词 about,意为―担心……‖。例:

1)These apples worry me.这些苹果使我担心。

2)Don’t worry about my lessons.别担心我的功课。.tea , milk , bread , water , meat , rice 等物质名词均为不可数名词,此类名词无复数形式,其前不可用不定冠词、基数词、指示代词等直接修饰,若表示它们的数量,其前必须加―计量名词 + of ‖短

语。例:a bottle of orange(一瓶桔汁),two cups of tea(两杯茶)。

但是常可以用:two cups of tea = two teas 两杯茶.It’s time … 句型后接名词或代词时要用 for(介词),后接动词必须用 to(不定式符号),这里的主语 it 不可换用另的代词,且 time 前习惯上不用冠词。例:)It’s time for class.该上课了。)It’s time to play games.是做游戏的时候了。

注意:It is time for sb to do 该某人干…….something to eat(drink)意为―吃(喝)的东西‖,to eat(drink)为不定式作后置定语修饰不定代词 something。例:

We have something to eat now.现在我们有东西吃

不可数名词用法

不可以用数目来计算的名词称为不可数名词。学习不可数名词时,应注意以下几点:

不可数名词没有复数形式。如:some meat , some bread , 不可说 some meats , some breads。

不可数名词不能不定冠词 a , an 及数词修饰,但可用 some , any , much(许多),a lot of(许多),a little(一点)等直接修饰。如:我们不可以说a tea , two milk , 但可以说 some tea , much meat

不可数名词前通常用量词来表示具体的数。如:a glass of water , two cups of tea , five pieces of bread。需要注意的是:类似短语中的介词 of 不能省去,当数词大于“一”时,量词需要用复数形式。

不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:

These is some water in the bottle.瓶里有些水。

Is there any rice in the bag ? 袋子里有米吗?

若不可数名词前有复数数量词修饰时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:

There are three bottles of orange on the table.桌上有三瓶桔汁。

试比较:There is some orange on the table.对不可数名词前的修饰语提问,疑问词用 how much。例如:

They want two cups of tea.→How much tea do they want ?

There is some milk in the glass.→How much milk is there is the glass ?

对不可数名词前量词部分的修饰语提问题,疑问词用 how many。例如:

They want two cups of tea.→How many cups of tea do they want ?

不可数名词表示特指时可用定冠词 the 修饰。例如:

The bread on the table is Li Lei's.桌上的面包是李磊的。

有些名词即可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,但意思却大不相同。如:glass 作可数名词,意思是“玻璃杯”,作为不可数名词,意思是“玻璃”;room 作可数名词,意思是“房间”,作不可数名词,意思是“空间”。

I have many friends bread meat milk fish(面包)(肉)(牛奶)(鱼)

重点难词辨析

some 与 any之区别

some 和 any 都有“一些”的意思,都可作形容词、代词,可修饰或代替可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词,但两者用法不同。

一、some 一般用于肯定句中。例如:

I can see some flowers.我能直到一些花。

There is some milk in the glass.杯子里有一些牛奶。

二、any 一般用于否定句和疑问句中。例如:

— Can you see any bread on the table ? 你看到桌子上有面包吗?

—Yes , I can see some.是的,我看到一些。

—Can you see any girls in the picture ? 你能看到图画上的女孩吗?

—No , I can't see any.不,我一个也看不到。

三、some 可用于表示请求、邀请、希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中。例如: — Can you give me some bread ? 你能给我一些面包吗?

— Certainly.Here you are.当然可以,给你。

Would you like some bread ? 你想要些面包吗?

同学们,请看,Polly 给我们编出了一句顺口溜:

some 用于肯定句,疑问句、否定用 any,请求、邀请与期待,仍用 some 代 any。

do you like 与 would you like

Do you like … ? 意为“你喜欢……吗?”“你爱……吗?”等,是提问者问对方习惯上喜爱什么,并不指目前一时爱好。其后常跟或 doing 结构作宾语。例:

Do you like meat ? 你喜欢吃肉吗?

Do you like playing basketball ? 你喜欢打篮球吗?

其肯定回答为 Yes , I do.;否定回答为 No.I don't.。

Would you like … ? 意为 “你想要……吗?”“你愿意……吗?”,指说话人委婉地向对方提出请求或建议,是指目前的情况,其后常跟名词或 to do 结构作宾语。例:

Would you like some apples ? 你卢吃一些苹果吗?

Would you like to have a cup of tea ?你想喝杯茶吗?

其肯定回答是 Yes , please.或 Yes , I'd like / love to.;否定回答是 No , thanks./ thank you.或 Yes , I'd like to , but … 等。例:

A : Would you like a bottle of orange ?

B : Yes , please./ No , thanks.would like 还可缩写为 'd like。例:

I'd like to have a cup of tea.幽默趣赏

1.Tom's Answer

Tom : Dad , black hens are more clever than white hens , aren't they ?

Dad : How do you know it , Tom ?

Tom : Well , black hens can lay white eggs , but white hens can't lay black eggs.汤姆的回答

汤姆:爸爸,黑母鸡比白母鸡聪明,不是吗 ?

爸爸:你是怎么知道的,汤姆 ?

汤姆:喏,黑母鸡能下白色的蛋,而白母鸡不能下黑色的蛋。

2.The Red Ink

Bob : Mum , I'm making a picture of my father.Where is the red ink ?

Mum : What do you want to do with the red ink ?

Bob : I'll colour his nose red.红墨水

鲍勃:妈妈,我正在画一张爸爸的像,红墨水在哪里 ?

妈妈:你用红墨水干什么 ?

鲍勃:我要把他的鼻子着成红色。

3.A dishonest cat 一只不诚实的猫

There lives a cat in the country.It likes telling lies , so that it glosses over its mistakes.在乡下,有一只猫,它喜欢说谎,以便掩盖自己的过失。

When it catches a rat , the rat gets away.It says , “ You are too thin.I won't catch you until you become fat.”

它捉老鼠时,老鼠逃跑了。它说:“你太瘦了,等你肥了我再捉你。”

It climbs up a tree to catch birds , the birds flies away , and it falls off the tree.It says again: “ You are too small.I won't catch you until you become big.” 它爬树去捉鸟,鸟儿飞走了。它从树上下来又说:“你太小了,等你长大了我再抓你。” 英语语法典型例题及解析

(1)根据所设情景选择最佳答案。如: 1.— ______ ? — It's eight thirty.A.How old is your sister B.What class are you in C.What's the time , please D.What number is your car 2.当你有事想问别人,应先说声:______.A.Excuse me B.I'm sorry C.Hello D.OK(2)根据对话情景,补全对话。如: Kate : Hi , Jim.(1)? Jim : Fine , thank you.And you ? Kate : I'm fine , too.(2)? Jim : Very well , thanks Kate :(3)? Jim : Class Four.Kate :(4)? Jim : Room Five.Kate : Oh , I see.A.Which is here classroom B.How is your sister C.How are you today D.What class is she in 解答“情景交际”题首先要清楚所设的情景是哪一类交际项目;其次要清楚在哪种情景下该说什么话,该如何表达自己的思想;还要清楚上下文情景的关系。

具体题还要具体对待。上面题型(1)中的第2小题,直接选A就行了。而第1小题就必须先辨别A、B、C、D四个选项各是什么意思,然后看答句的表达形式,才能依据交际常识判断是C。第(2)小题的一组对话设计了四个问句,这样的题则要根据上下文的内容和交际习惯,与对话一一对应。

选完后一定要默默读上两遍,细心体会一下语感,认真检查一下有无疏漏,最后确定。如果试题有图片,要善于利用图片上的信息,帮助答题,要善于从情景中悟出“天机”。

交际英语讲练

问候(Greetings)1.“How are you ? ”“______” A.How do you do ? B.How are you ? C.I'm fine , thank you.D.What do you do ? 介绍(Introductions)2.— Li Ping , ______.— Nice to meet you , Zhang Hong.A.that's my friend , Zhang Hong B.this is Zhang Hong C.she is Zhang Hong D.I introduce Zhang Hong to you 3.“Nice to meet you.”“_______” A.Is that so ? B.I've got a cough.C.Yes , do please.D.Nice to meet you , goo.打电话(Making telephone calls)4.“Hello , 5847552.”“Hi!_____” A.Are you Linda ? B.Who are you ? C.I am David.D.Is that Linda speaking ? 5.— This is John speaking.Who is that ? — _____ A.This is Bill.B.I am Bill.C.You are Bill.D.Where is bill ? 6.— Could I speak to headmaster ? — ______ please.A.Hold on for a moment B.Speak loudly C.He is at work D.What's wrong ? 7.A : Hello!Could I speak to Miss Grey , please ? B : ______ A.I'm Miss Grey.B.Yes , you could.C.SPeaking.D.Who are you ? 答案与简析:.C。“How are you ? ”是熟人之间常用的客套招呼语,答语常用 “Fine , thank you.”或“Very well , thank you.”表示问候的用语还有“Good morning / afternoon / evening.Hello / Hi.”等,答语须重复原话。.B。介绍某人,常用句型“This is...”。自我介绍则用“My name is...”或“I'm...”。3.D。“Nice to meet you.”一般在两人初次见面被互相介绍后使用,其答语为“Nice to meet you , too.”。“How do you do ? ”和“Glad to meet you.”也属于介绍用语。4.D。打电话时,欲问对方是谁,应说“Who is that(speaking)? ”。5.A。打电话时,欲说“我是……”,应说“This is...”。.A。接电话时,若想请对方别挂断或稍等,应说“Hold on(for a moment), please.”。7.C。接电话时,若你正是对方要找的人,可说“请讲”(Speaking.);若对方要找的人不在,可说“He / She isn't here right now.Can I take a message for you ? ”。

第四篇:初一英语上册语法总结

Book 1 上册 Guide to language use

一.动词be(is,am,are)的用法:说明身份,年龄,状态等。

口诀:我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。

单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。

变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。be动词的用法:

be动词包括“am”, “is”, “are”三种形式。第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。

句型解析析:I am+…

I am a student.I am a boy.第二人称(You)配合are使用。句型解析:You are+…

You are my good friend.You are a good person.第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。句型解析:She(He, It)is +…

She is a good girl.She is so cute.人称复数(we /you/they)配合are使用。句型解析:We(You, They)are +…

We are in Class 5,Grade 7.You are good students.注意: 综合解析当使用be动词的时候,前面请先加上第几人称。be动词前面的人称,是不可随意替换的。例如:

I am, You are, She is,并不会出现I is, You am, She are 这样的情形。2 当只有第一人称和第二人称或第三人称时应该把第二人称或第三人称放在前

例如:you and I, Tom and I

当第二人称和第三人称放在一起时把第二人称放在前面,例如:you and Tom 当三者都有时,排序为:2 3 1 例如you, Tom and I 练习:1.Where ______ Ann.She ______ here.2.How old ______ you.I ______ thirteen.3.______ you Mr Read.Yes, I ______.4.What ______ your name.My name ____ Ann

二 情态动词Can can作“能、会”解,否定式是cannot,缩写为can’t。

“can+动词原形”

“can’t+动词原形”

:表示某人能做或不能做某事 Can 是情态动词,没有人称和数的变化。

Can 表示的”能力”为现在的能力,而不是过去或将来的能力。

Book 1 上册 Guide to language use 1).for ability表示能力。例如:

—Can you write in English? —Yes, I can.I can run fast,can you?

2).indicating acquired knowledge or skill表示获得的知识或技能。例如:

—Can she speak Japanese? —No, she can’t.她会说日语吗?不,她不会。

3).indicating permission表示许可。例如:

Can I read your newspaper?我能看看你的报纸吗?

Can I take you home?我送你回家行吗?

We can’t wear jeans at work.我们上班时不准穿牛仔裤。

4).indicating requests表示要求。例如:

Can you help me with this box?你能帮我弄这个箱子吗?

Can you feed the cat?你喂喂猫好吗?

5).indicating possibly表示可能性。例如:

That can’t be Mary—she’s in hospital.那不可能是玛丽—她住院了。

He can’t have slept through all that noise.那么吵他不可能睡得着觉。

There’s someone outside—who can it be?外面有人—会是谁呢?

6).used to make suggestions用以提出建议。例如:

We can eat in a restaurant, if you like.你愿意的话,咱们可以在饭馆吃饭。

I can take the car if necessary.必要时我可以开车去。

三 情态动词Would Would是will的过去式,可用于各人称,表示过去时间的“意志”、“愿望”和 “决心”等。如:I told peter that I would go along wit him.我告诉彼得我要跟他一块去。2 would用来表示现在时间时时,不论是表达说话人本身的意志或向对方提出请求,均较will婉转。如:

Would you like to have a glass of wine? 你要喝杯酒吗? Would you please tell me the way to the nearest bus-stop?

[注]在日常会话中,I would like to和I should like to都可以说,I would like的简略式为I'd like。如:yes, I’d like to.Yes, I’d love to

Yes, very much.Sorry, ai already have an appointment.Would还可以表示过去习惯发生的动作

I found that retired persons would often go to the park to play chess.我发现退休的人经常到公园里下棋。

When he had a problem to solve,he would work at it until he found an answer.当他有个问题要解决时,他总是想办法一直到找到答案为止。练习:-Can you speak Japanese?

-No, I____.A.mustn't

B.can't

C.needn't

D.may not 2 The children___ play football on the road.A.can't

B.can

C.mustn't

D.must 3-Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? A.Here you are

B.Sorry, I can't

C.Yes, please

D.Let me try Book 1 上册 Guide to language use Excuse me.___ you please pass me that cup? A.Do

B.Should

C.Would

D.Must 5 ___ you like to have another try? A.Could

B.Will

C.Would

D.Do 6-Would you like to go boating with us?

-Yes, ___.A.I'd like

B.I want C.I'd like to

D.I do 四 “there be”句型

There be句型主要用以表达“某处(某时)有某人(某物)。

”其基本结构为“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某时)”其中there是引导词,没有词义;主语是be后面的名词,be是谓语动词,在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢?请先看看下面这首歌诀:

Be动词,有三个,am,is还有are。“There be”真特别,不留am只留俩,那就是is还有are。要用is还是are,须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is,否则就用are。如:

①There is a tree behind the house.②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).③There are some pears in the box.(3)注意:如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词,那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说,“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is,是复数就用are。如: ①There is a book and some pens on the floor.②There are some pens and a book on the floor.肯定句:there is an apple on the table 否定句:there isn't an apple on the table.一般疑问句: Is there an apple on the table?

回答:yes, there is./ No, there isn't 特殊疑问句:what is there on the table.1.定义:There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2.结构:

(1)There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.(2)There are +复数名词+地点状语.there是引导词,在句中不充当任何成分,翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物,谓语动词be要与主语(某人或某物)的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时,谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。

① There is a bird in the tree.树上有一只鸟。

② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。

③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree.树下有两个男孩,一个女孩。3.There be句型与have的区别:

(1)There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下:There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”;have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”,它表示所有、拥有关系。eg.①He has two sons.他有两个儿子。Book 1 上册 Guide to language use

②There are two men in the office.办公室里有两个男人。

(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时,There be 句型与其可互换。

①A week has seven days.=There are seven days in a week.一个星期有七天。4 变脸一:否定句

There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样,在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同:not是副词,no为形容词,not a/an/any + n.相当于no+ n.。例如:

There are some pictures on the wall.→There aren't any pictures on the wall.=There are no pictures on the wall.There is a bike behind the tree.→ There isn't a bike behind the tree.=There is no bike behind the tree.5 变脸二:一般疑问句

There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可,此为“调整法”。但同时要注意:当肯定句中有some时,要将其改为any(否定变化也一样)。看看下面两句是如何“改头换面”的吧:

There is some water on Mars.→ Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water.→Are there any fish in the water? 6 变脸三:特殊疑问句

There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化:

① 对主语提问:当主语是人时,用“Who's+介词短语?”;当主语是物时,用“What's + 介词短语?”。注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如: There are many things over there.→What's over there? There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room? ② 对地点状语提问:提问地点当然用“Where is / are+主语?”啦!例如: There is a computer on the desk.→ Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground.→Where are the four children? ③ 对数量提问:一般有两种句型结构:

How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语? How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语? 练习:

“have got” 六

序数词 七 一般现在时

一般现在时:

1)它表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。e.g.I go to school on foot.He is very busy now.2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。

e.g.He can swim.I work hard.I like watching TV.3)表示客观真理,表示格言或警句中

e.g.There are seven days in a week.The moon moves round the earth.一 其结构按正常语序,即“主语+谓语+其它”,有时为了起强调作用,时间状语也可提前.二 其句式变化可分为两种情况 Book 1 上册 Guide to language use

1)表示动作,一般人称作主语的,变否定句须在动词前加助动词don’t;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。

They have lunch at 12:00.They don’t have lunch at 12:00.Do they have lunch at 12:00? 2)单三人称做主语的,变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesn’t;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。

Jenny speaks English very well.Jenny doesn’t speak English very well.Does Jenny speak English very well?

含有be动词的要在be上做变化.E.g.Danny is a good student.Danny isn’t a good student.Is Danny a good student? 三 其时间状语为often、usually、always、sometimes等频率副词,on Saturdays、in the morning(afternoon evening)、every day 等。

做题时常见错误如下:

一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中 例:We are plant(plant)the trees in spring.解析:学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译,就成了“我们是在春天植树”。这是学习英语最忌讳的,要看语法是不是正确,在英语中,be是表状态,do是表动作,两种动词不能同时出现在句子中,可记住如下口诀:“英汉语言有差异,be、do不能放一起,仔细琢磨细分析,语法千万要牢记。”

二、单三人称形式易出错

例:1 He plaies(play)football very well.2 Danny gos(go)to school at 7:10.答案:1 plays 2 goes

解析:1以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变单三人称形式才能把y换成i再加es;2与名词变复数不同,变单三人称形式以o结尾的词要加es.三、在句式变换时易出错

例:1 Does Jenny has(has)a good friend? 2 Brian doesn’t lives(not live)in China.答案:1 Does have

doesn’t live 解析:单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时,可记住如下口诀:“见助动,用原形”。此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。e.g.He didn't go home yesterday.四、对do的理解易出错

例:We don’t(not do)our homework in the afternoon.答案:don’t do

解析:do是一个比较难理解的词,它有三个含义: a)是所有行为动词的总称;b)是助动词,无实义;c)是一个具体的行为动词“做,干”。此句中给出的do指“做,干”,not指把此句变为否定句,故须在do前加助动词don’t。

五、对主语的数判断有误

例: Li Ming with me are(be)in Beijing.答案: is

解析:表面一看是“我和李明两个人在北京”,但with在此做伴随状语,不能做主语,故用is.另外,宾语从句中,从句部分若是表示客观真理,不管主句是何时态,从句都要用一般现在时;在时间和条件状语从句中,主句表将来,从句要用一般现在时。练习: Jenny ____ in an office.Her parents ____in a hospital.Book 1 上册 Guide to language use

A work works

B works work C work are working D is working work 2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.A have

B there is

C there are D has 3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.A don't rain Bdidn't rain Cdoesn't rain Disn't rain 4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.A rose;set

B rises;sets C rises, set D rise;sets 5 Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.A like;listen

B likes;listens

C like;are listening

D liking;listen 6 Jenny____ English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied 答案:1 B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6B 1 I can take Li Ming there when he _____(come)to visit.2 _____your sister_____(know)English? 3Her home____ _____ ______(远离)her school.4The pot_____(not look)like yours very much.5 Where _____you____(have)lunch every day? 6 Who_____(想要)to go swimming? 7 ______she_____(do)the housework every day? 8 Jenny and Danny usually______(play)games in the afternoon.答案:1 comes Does know 3 is away from 4 doesn't look do have 6 wants does do play

补充知识点:

一.this,that和it用法

(1)this和that是指示代词,it是人称代词。

(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如: This is a flower.这是一朵花。(近处)That is a tree.那是一棵树。(远处)(3)放在一起的两样东西,先说this, 后说that。如:

This is a pen.That is a pencil.这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…, 不说That is…。如:

This is Helen.Helen, this is Tom.这是海伦,海伦,这是汤姆。(5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如:

This is a bike.That’s a car.这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。(6)打电话时,介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如: —Hello!Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林小姐吗? —Yes, this is.Who’s that? 是的,我是,你是谁?

注意:虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说:

I am…, Are you…?/Who are you? Book 1 上册 Guide to language use

(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如: ①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗?

—Yes, it is.是的,它是。②—What’s that? 那是什么?

—It’s a kite.是只风筝。

二. these和those用法

this, that, these和those是指示代词,these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。①This is my bed.That is Lily’s bed.这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。②These pictures are good.那些画很好。③ Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗?

在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时,通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。④Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗? Yes, they are.是的,他们是。

三.不定冠词a和an a和an都是不定冠词,表示一(个,支,本,块……)的意思,但不强调数量概念,而是强调类别,用来限定名词。

a用在辅音素开头的单数名词前,如:a pencil(一支铅笔),a book(一本书); an用在元音音素开头的名词前,如an eraser(一块橡皮)。如果名词前有修饰语,用a还是用an,则以该修饰语的第一音素决定用a还是用an。如:

a clock 一座钟

an old clock 一座旧钟

a book 一本书

an English book 一本英语书 a nice apple 一个可爱的苹果

an apple 一个苹果

四. 名词+’s所有格

名词+’s所有格 单数名词后直接加 “ ’s ”

Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff’s mother杰夫的妈妈 以s结尾的复数名词,只加“’”

Teachers’ Day教师节 the twins’ books双胞胎的书 不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数,加“ ’s ”

Children’s Day 儿童节 men’s shoes男式鞋 表示两者共同拥有时,只在最后一个名词后加’s 表示两者各自拥有时,要在每个名词后加’s

Lucy and Lily’s mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈,一个妈妈)Lucy’s and Kate’s rooms 露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间,两间房子)Book 1 上册 Guide to language use

五.like一词的用法

like用作及物动词,译为“喜欢”。

(1)后接名词或代词,表示喜欢某人或某物。如: I like the baby very much.我非常喜欢这个小孩。

(2)后接动名词(v.-ing),表示“喜欢做某事”,着重于习惯、爱好。如: Tom likes playing football.汤姆喜欢踢足球。

(3)后接动词不定式(to do),表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”,着重于某次具体的行为。如: I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening.我喜欢读书,但我今晚想看电视。

六.句子单数变复数,注意以下五要素

(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。She is a girl.→They are girls.(2)am,is要变为are。如:

I’m a student.→We are students.(3)不定冠词a,an要去掉。如: He is a boy.→They are boys.(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如: It is an apple.→They are apples.(5)指示代词this,that要变为these,those。如: This is a box.→These are boxes.七.英语日期的表示法

英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词,它们的首字母必须大写,并且前面无需用冠词。用英语表示日期,其顺序为月+日+年,日和年之间需用逗号隔开。

如:August 2nd,2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。

如:10th May,2003(2003年5月10日)英语日期前介词的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,则用介词in,若具体到某一天,则需用介词on。

①She was born in 1989

②She was born in August.③She was born in August 1989.④She was born on 2nd August, 1989.八. 时间的表达法

(1)直读式,即直接读出时间数字 7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen(2)过、差式,即几点差几分,几点过几分。(以30分为分界线)1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two 3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five Book 1 上册 Guide to language use(3)12小时制

6:00 a.m.上午6点 8:20 p.m.下午8点20分(4)24小时制

13:00 13点钟 22:15 22点15分(5)15分可用quarter 4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six(6)时间前通常用at.at 5 o’clock at 7:30 p.m.九

关于时间的问法

(1)以when提问,“什么时候”可以是较长的时间段,也可以是较短的时间点 ①When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候?

②My birthday is Dec.29th.我的生日是12月29日。这里就是指一天的时间段

①When do you go home? 你几点回家?

②I go home at 4:30 p.m.我下午4:30回家.这里when问的是具体的时间。(2)具体几点我们通常用what time提问

①What time is it now? 现在几点了? or What’s the time? 几点了? It’s 9:26.现在九点二十六。

②What time is it by your watch? 你手表几点了?

It’s 8:36.Oh, It’s 50 minutes late 8:36,哦,它慢了50分钟。③What time do you get up? 你几点起床? I get up at 6:00 a.m.我早上6点起床。

名词复数:

在英语里面,名词分可数名词(countable noun)和不可数名词(uncountable noun)不可数名词没有单复数之分,用时只当单数词用;

可数名词有单复数之分,一个的前面要用a或an,eg: a pencil, a basketball, a dictionary, an egg, an ID card,而复数即两个或两个以上的要作相应的变化,情况如下:(1)特殊词,特殊变化,需单独记:

child→children,man→men,foot→feet,woman→women tooth→teeth,sheep→sheep,deer→deer(2)一般的词在单数词后直接+“s”:

book→books,pen→pens,car→cars,map→maps,cartoon→cartoons(3)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词+“es” box→boxes,watch→watches(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词去掉“y”,改成“i”,再加“es” family→families,comedy→comedies(5)以f或fe结尾的词,先去掉f或fe,改成“v”再加es Book 1 上册 Guide to language use

knife→knives,wife→wives,handkerchief→handkerchieves(6)不可数名词(单复数形式不变)

bread, rice, water ,juice etc.十一

want用法

(1)想干什么用want to do sth They want to join the sports club.他们想加入运动俱乐部。(2)第三人称单数作主语,want要作变化

①He wants to play basketball.②Li Xia wants to play the piano.(3)变疑问句,否定句要借助助动词do或does.①-Do you want to play soccer ball ? -Yes , I do./ No , I don’t.②-Does he want to go home by bus ? -Yes , he does./ No , he doesn’t

十二 人称代词

主格: I we you she he it they 宾格: me us you her him it them

形容词性物主代词:my our your her his its their 名词性物主代词: mine ours yours hers his its theirs

第五篇:六年级英语上册各单元知识点总结

2016六年级英语上册各单元知识点总结

PEP六年级上册四会单词

Unit 1:by(经……,乘……)foot(脚)bike(自行车)bus(公共汽车)train(火车)how(怎样)go to school(上学)traffic(交通)traffic light(交通灯)traffic rule(交通规则)

stop(停;停车站)wait(等;等待)get to(到达)by plane(乘飞机)by ship(乘轮船)by subway(乘地铁)

Unit 2:library(图书馆)post office(邮局)hospital(医院)cinema(电影院)bookstore(书店)turn(转弯)then(然后)where(在哪里,到哪里)please(请)next to(与……相邻)turn right(向右转)turn left(向左转)go straight(笔直走)north(北)south(南)east(东)west(西)

Unit 3:next week(下周)this morning(今天上午)this afternoon(今天下午)this evening(今天晚上)comic book(漫画书)post card(明信片)newspaper(报纸)buy(购买)

Unit 4:hobby(爱好)ride a bike—riding a bike(骑自行车)play the violin—playing the violin(拉小提琴)dive—diving(跳水)make kites—making kites(制作风筝)collect stamps—collecting stamps(集邮)live—lives(居住)teach—teaches(教)go—goes(去)watch—watches(看)read—reads(读,看)does(助动词,无义)doesn’t=does not

Unit 5:singer(歌唱家,歌手)writer(作家)actor(男演员)actress(女演员)artist(画家)TV reporter(电视台记者)engineer(工程师)accountant(会计)salesperson(销售员)policeman(男警察)cleaner(清洁工)where(在哪里;到哪里)work(工作)

Unit 6:rain(雨;下雨)cloud(云;云彩)sun(太阳)stream((小)河;(小)溪)come from(来自……;从……来)seed(种子)soil(土壤)sprout(苗;芽;嫩芽)plant(植物;种植)should(应该)then(然后)

PEP六年级上册三会单词

a pair of(一双)always(总是;一直)dictionary(词典;字典)magazine(杂志)tomorrow(明天)excuse me(对不起)fun(快乐;乐趣)go to the cinema(去看电影)look(看上去)month(月份;月)read a magazine(阅读杂志)science museum(科学博物馆)shoe store(鞋店)show(展览;演出;表演;节目)take(乘坐)take a trip(去旅行)tell(告诉)tonight(今晚)vapour(蒸汽;水汽)want(想要)with(同……;和……)know(知道)minute(分钟)again(再一次;又;再)

PEP六年级上册四会句型

Unit 1 How do you go to school, Sarah? 萨拉,你怎样去上学? Usually I go to school on foot.通常我步行去上学。Sometimes I go by bike.有时候,我骑自行车去。

How can I get to Zhongshan Park? 我怎样能到达中山公园? You can go by the No.15 bus.你可以乘15路公交车去。Unit 2 Where is the cinema, please? It’s next to the hospital.请问,电影院在哪里?它与医院相邻。

Turn left at the cinema, then go straight.It’s on the left.在电影院处向左转,然后直行。它在左边。Unit 3 What are you going to do on the weekend? 周末你打算干什么?

I’m going to visit my grandparents this weekend.这个周末我打算拜访我的祖父母。

Where are you going this afternoon? I’m going to the bookstore.今天下午你打算去哪里?我打算去书店。

What are you going to buy? 你打算买什么? I am going to buy a comic book.我打算买一本漫画书。Unit 4 What’s your hobby? 你的爱好是什么? I like collecting stamps.我喜欢集邮。He likes collecting stamps, too.他也喜欢集邮。

Does she teach English? No, she doesn’t.她教英语吗?不,她不教。

Does she teach you math? Yes, she does.她教你数学吗? 是的,她教数学。Unit 5 What does your mother do?你的妈妈是干什么的? She is a TV reporter.她是一位电视工作者。Where does she work?她在哪里上班? She works in a school.她在一所学校上班。

How does she go to work? 她怎样去上班?She goes to work by bus.她坐公交车去上班。Unit 6 Where does the rain come from? It comes from the clouds.雨来自哪里? 它来自于云朵。How do you do that? 你怎样做那件事呢?

What should you do then?接下来,你应该做什么呢?

PEP六年级上册三会句型

1.My home is near.我的家很近。2.What about you?你呢?

3.Look at the traffic lights.看交通灯。

4.Remember the traffic rules.记住交通规则。5.Stop at a red light.红灯停。6.Wait at a yellow light.黄灯等。7.Go at a green light.绿灯行。

8.Can I go on foot? Sure, if you like.It’s not far.我能步行去嘛?当然,如果你喜欢。它不远。9.Where is the …? It’s near the …

10.Excuse me, is there a … near here? Yes, there is.打扰一下,在这附近有没有一家…?是的,有。11.Is it far from here? No, it’s not far.它离这儿远吗? 不,它不远。12.–Thank you.–You’re welcome.谢谢,不客气。13.Where is the …? …在哪里?

It’s east/west/south/north of the …它在…的东边,西边,南边,北边。

14.When are you going? I am going at 3 o’clock.你打算什么时候去?我打算3点钟去。15.Can he go with us? Sure.他能和我们一起去嘛?当然。16.Let’s go together.让我们一起去吧。

17.There is a stamp show on Sunday.在星期天,有一个邮票展。18.She is a teacher.She teaches math.她是一位老师,她教数学。19.Does your pen pal live in Shanghai?你的笔友住在上海吗?

No, he doesn’t.He lives in Beijing.不,他不住上海。他住在北京。

20.Where does she work? She works in a car company.她在哪里上班?她在一家汽车公司上班。21.How does she go to work? She goes to work by bus.她怎样去上班呢?她坐公交车去上班。22.Where does the … come from? It comes from the … …来自于哪里?它来自于… 23.How can the water become vapour?水如何能变成蒸汽呢?

The sun shines and the water becomes vapour.在太阳的照射下,水就变成了蒸汽。24.How do you do that?你怎样做那件事呢?

First, put the seeds in the soil.首先,把种子放进土壤里。25.It’s easy.它很简单。

26.What should you do then?接下来你应该做什么呢?

Water them.In several days, you can see a sprout.给它们浇水,几天后,你就能看见一株幼苗。27.First, …Then, …Next, …At last, …首先,然后,接下来,最后,语法复习

一、现在进行时态(3种变化规律)

1.直接加ing:do—doing draw—drawing cook—cooking answer—answering read—reading listen—listening fly—flying sing—singing play—playing 2.去掉末尾的e加ing:write—writing dance—dancing take—taking have—having make—making ride—riding dive—diving 3.双写末尾字母加ing: get—getting run—running swim—swimming sit—sitting put—putting 你正在干什么? What are you doing? I’m answering the phone.他/她/它正在干什么? What is he/she/it doing? He’s/She’s/It’s … 他(她、它)们正在干什么?What are they doing? They are … 看到like或likes后面的动词要加上ing 二、一般将来时态(be going to/will + 动词原形)表示一般将来时的时间状语有:this morning, this afternoon, this evening, tomorrow, tonight, this weekend, on the weekend, next week, next month, next year, next weekend.(今晚)你将要做什么?What are you going to do(this evening)? I’m going to the cinema.I’m going to visit my grandparents.你将什么时候去? When are you going? I’m going at 7:10.你将怎样去呢? How are you going? I’m going by bus.今天下午你将要去哪里?Where are you going this afternoon? I’m going to the bookstore.你将要买什么呢? What are you going to buy? I’m going to buy a comic book.你将和谁一起去? Who are you going with? I’m going with my parents.三、第三人称单数后面的动词要加s或es 1.一般情况加s,如:read—reads;live—lives;play—plays;sing—sings 2.动词末尾以s,x,ch,sh或部分以o结尾的加es。(记住课本中出现的这几个:watches, teaches, goes, does, washes, passes)

3.辅音字母+y结尾的把y变i再加es,如:fly—flies;study—studies 4.特殊情况:have--has 5.第三人称单数包括:he;she;it;my father/friend;Amy/Hangzhou等一个人名或地名。

例如:He likes drawing pictures.She works in a car company.It comes from the clouds.My father goes to work on foot.Li Lei often plays computer games after lunch.6.一般疑问句记住:前面助动词加了es,后面动词就不变化了。例如:

Does she teach English?

Does your pen pal live in Hangzhou?

四、不定冠词a和an的用法

a用于辅音因素开头的单词前;an用于元音因素开头的单词前。(a,e,i,o,u)记住课本中出现的要用an的单词:an actor;an actress;an artist;an engineer;an accountant;an English book;an orange;an apple;an old woman

五、动词变化为表示职业或人的单词 1.动词后面加er:work—worker;teach—teacher;sing—singer;TV report—TV reporterclean—cleaner 2.动词后面加or:act—actor;doctor 3.末尾以e结尾的直接加r:write—writer;dance—dancer;drive—driver 4.动词后面加ist:art—artist;tour—tourist 5.职业男女有区别的:警察policeman—policewoman;演员actor—actress

六、8个疑问词

which(哪一个)what(什么)when(什么时候)where(哪里)whose(谁的)why(为什么)how(怎么样)who(谁)

七、人称代词和物主代词

I—my(我—我的)you—your(你;你们—你的;你们的)he—his(他—他的)she—her(她—她的)we—our(我们—我们的)they—their(他们/她们/它们—他们的/她们的/它们的)

八、can后面加动词原形 What can you do? I can cook the meals.He can fly kites.She can play the violin.

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