五年级英语上册单词句型语法知识点总结

第一篇：五年级英语上册单词句型语法知识点总结

五年级英语上册单词句型语法知识点总结

Unit One A party 宴会(第一类单词和句子要求会听、说、读、背、写。)

1.plum 李子 2.noodle 面条 3.ice cream 雪糕 4.pear 雪梨 5.chocolate 巧克力 6.banana 香蕉 7.apple 苹果 8.chewing gum 口香糖 9.bread 面包 10.orange 橙子 11.cake 蛋糕 12.hot dog 热狗 13.juice 果汁 14.cola 可乐 15.bring 带来 16.weekend 周末 17.buy 买 18.need 需要 19.wait 等待 Sentences.1.I am going to buy chewing gum.我准备去买口香糖。.2.I am going to buy apples, pears and plums.我准备去买苹果、梨和李子。.A: What are you going to do on Saturday? B: I am going to a party. A你星期六准备干什么.B我准备去参加聚会。.A: What are you going to do tomorrow? B: I am going to ride a horse. A你明天打算干什么.B我打算去骑马。.Tom is going to ride a bike. Tom 准备去骑自行车。.She is going to play the piano.她准备去弹钢琴。.Emma is going to swim. Emma 准备去游泳。.We are going to play football.我们准备去踢足球。.They are going to dance.他们准备去跳舞。.You are going to a party.你准备去参加一个聚会。.A: What do we need? B: We need bread and cola.We need hot dogs and apples. A: 我们需要什么呢.B我们需要面包和可乐。我们需要热狗和苹果。.12.A: What about plums? B: Great idea. A: 还要些李子吗.B:好主意。.A: Can you bring some orange juice? B: Yes, OK.I think we also need cakes. A你可以带些橙汁来吗.B好的。我想我们也需要些蛋糕。.I can bring the bread.我可以带些面包来。.What can you bring ? I can bring some cakes.(你能带什么.我带蛋糕。)

(第二类单词和句子要求会听、说、读、认、写。)Words

1.party 聚会 2.pretty 漂亮的 3.piece 块 4.carry 搬 5.laugh 笑 6.blush 脸红 7.need 需要 8.idea 主意 9.think 想 10.again 再次 11.shall 将会 12.hide 藏 13.bush 矮树丛 14.tell 告诉 15.pass 传递 Phrases

1.have a party 举行聚会 2.go to a party 参加聚会 3.a piece of cake 一块蛋糕 4.trip over 绊倒 5.cassette recorder 录音机 6.what about 怎样 7.learn English 学习英语 8.do some cooking 烹调 9.watch cartoon 看卡通片 Sentences

1.He is going to learn English.他准备去学习英语。.Say „Hello to your friend.(Hello!)向你的朋友们说声“Hello”。.You see a pretty girl.你看见了一个漂亮的女孩。.Get her a big piece of cake.帮她拿一块蛋糕。.Carry it to the girl.把蛋糕递给这个女孩。.You trip over a cassette recorder.你给一台录音机绊倒了。.The cake is on the floor.蛋糕掉到地上了。.The girl laughs.女孩哈哈大笑。.You blush.你脸红了。.I will bring the noodles and the hot dogs.我准备带些面条和热狗来。.A: What shall we do? B: Let‘s run. A 我们该怎么办.B快跑吧。.Let’s hide behind the bushes. 我们藏在灌木丛后面吧。.Let‘s go over to the Brysons’. 我们到Bryson 他们家去吧。.We’ ll tell them. 我们去告诉他们吧。.Unit Two Mascots 吉祥物

Words 1.ring 环.戒指 2.shell 贝壳 3.friendship band 友谊带 4.silver bells 银铃铛 5.necklace 项链 6.soft toys 毛绒玩具 7.beautiful 美丽的 8.dollar 美元 9.forget 忘记 10.mascot 吉祥物 11.potato 马铃薯.土豆 12.sell 出售.卖 13.shop 商店 14.test 测试 Phrases: 1.is full of 充满„的 2.at school 在学校 3.an hour later 一个小时后 4.on the Puma Ranch 在美洲狮农场 5.all right 好的 Sentences.1.There are mascots everywhere.到处都有吉祥物。2.I have got a school bag.我有一个书包。3.He has got red pencil.他有一支红色的铅笔。4.–Have you got a new car? –Yes, I have.(No, I haven t.)你有一辆新轿车吗.是的.我有。.不.我没有。.5.What's that?It looks great!那是什么.看起来棒极了.6.Watch out!当心.7.Are you OK? 你还好吗.8.I'll be back in a minute.我马上就回来。9.Let me have a look.让我瞧一瞧。10.I want to sell this necklace.我要卖掉这个项链。

Unit Three dreams 梦

1.castle 城堡 2.dust灰尘 3.key 钥匙 4.lock 锁 5.monster 怪物

never决不.从不7.often 经常8.always 总是 9.sometimes 有时候 10.path 小路 pond 池塘 12.prince 王子 13.suddenly 突然地 14.who 谁15.fly 飞 spaceman 太空人 17.pony 矮种马, 小型马

Phrases and Sentences.You are fast asleep.你在沉睡。(He s fast asleep.他在沉睡。)Suddenly you wake up.你突然醒来。

The door of your room opens, and you see the hand of a monster.房间门开了.你看见一只怪物的手。You jump out of the bed.你跳出床。

You open the window and hide bebind the curtains.你打开窗户.躲在窗帘后面。The monster looks for you.怪物寻找你。

It sees the open window.它看见了打开的窗户。

It jumps out of the window to get you.它从窗户跳出去抓你。You close the window and get back into bed.你关上窗户.回到床上去睡觉。It looks like a castle.它看起来像一个城堡。Hurry up!Quickly赶快.Come back!Right now!回来.立即.get up at seven 七点起床 go to school at half past seven 七点半上学

have 4 classes in the moring 上午有四节课

have lunch at school at twelve 12 点在学校吃午饭

have sports at a quarter past four 在四点一刻有体育运动 go home at ten past five 五点过十分回家

do homework from seven to eight 从七点到八点做家庭作业 重点句型.dream that+从句“梦见„”如.I often dream that I can talk to animals.我经常梦见我能和动物交谈 dream of+ doing sth ①梦见„②梦想.渴望

如I sometimes dream of my friends.我有时候梦见我的朋友

Many boys dream of becoming pilots.许多男孩梦想成为飞行员。

Unit 4 What do you collect? 你收集什么.(第一类单词和句子要求会听、说、读、背、写。)

collect 收集 2.sticker 贴纸 3.stick 贴 4.comic 连环漫画

autograph 签名片 6.postcard 明信片 7.stamp 邮票 8.football picture 足球图片 9.want(想要)1 0.photo 照片 11.cactus 仙人掌

thief 小偷复数.thieves

all the time总是.一直.Sentences(句子)

A: What do you collect? B: I collect stickers.(你收集什么?我收集贴纸。)A: What do you collect? B: I collect comics and autographs.A: How many comics have you got? B: I have got fifty-four.你收集什么.我收集连环画画和签名片。你收集了多少连环画.我有五十四本。.3.I don’t collect football pictures.(我不收集足球画。.I don’t collect postcards or stamps. 我不收集明信片和邮票。.Sandra and I collect some books. Sandra 和我都收集了一些书。.I love stickers.I want stickers all the time.我很喜欢贴纸。我总是想要有很多贴纸。I stick the stickers on my schoolbag.我把贴纸贴在书包上。.8.A: What does Tim collect? B: He collects autographs.A: How many autographs has he got? B: He has got forty-three.

Tim 收集什么.他收集签名片。他收集了多少签名片.他有四十三张。.A: What does Angela collect? B: She collects comics and stamps.

Angela 收集什么.她收集连环画和邮票。.Kevin collects many postcards.He wants postcards all the time.(他收集了很多明信片。他总想拥有许多明信片。.Simon doesn’t collect football pictures. Simon 不收集足球图片。.Sue doesn’t collect any comics. Sue 不收集连环漫画。.Mary doesn’t collect stamps or autographs. Mary 不收集邮票和签名片。.Lisa and Jane collect postcards. Lisa 和Jane 收集签名片。.My father collects stamps.我的爸爸收集邮票。.A: Do you collect stickers? B Yes, I do.你收集贴纸吗.是的.我收集。.A: Do you collect football pictures? B: No, I don’t.你收集足球图片吗?不,我不收集。.A: Does Tom collect comics?

B: Yes, he does.(Tom 收集连环画吗.是的.他收集。)A: Does Emma collect autographs? B: No, she doesn’t.

Emma 收集签名片吗.不.她不收集。.二类单词、短语和句子要求听、说、读、认。Words

thief 小偷.2.wonderful美好的.3.first第一 Sentences

She has got a big box full of photos of her horse.她有一个装满马的图片的大盒子。His room is full of cactuses.他的房里放满了仙人掌。.I need a new dress.我需要一条新裙子。.A thief, a thief!My black hat is gone!有贼.有贼.我的黑帽子不见了。.Stop crying.别哭了。.What can I do? 我该怎么办呢..I’ve got an idea.我有办法了。.A hundred dollars for a hat?!That s a lot of money.一百块换一顶帽子?!太贵了。Give me the hundred dollars first.先给我一百块。.It looks wonderful.看起来棒极了。.Ok, I’ll take it.好吧.我要这一件。.Unit 5 Time 时间

一类单词和句子要求会听、说、读、写、背。Words(单词)

minute 分钟 2.top 顶尖的 3.athlete 运动员 4.cheetah 印度豹 5.fast 快速的 6.fastest 最快的 7.cyclist 骑自行车的人 8.metre 米 9.kilometre 千里

word 单词 11.say 说 12.think 想 13.draw 画画 14..quarter(一刻钟)hour 小时 16.half 一半 17.past 过 18.about 大概 19.time 时间,次数 phrases词组..how often(多长时间一次)2.bend your knees(弯膝)

3.the fastest car(最快的汽车)

4.the fastest train(最快的火车)Sentences(句子):

A:How often can you jump in a minute? 你一分钟能跳几下?

B:I can jump ninety times in a minute.我一分钟能跳九十下.A: How often can you bend your knees in a minute? 你一分钟能弯膝多少下.B: I can bend my kness forty times in a minute.我一分钟能弯膝四十下。A: How often can Tom jump in a minute? Tom 一分钟可以跳几下?

B: He can jump fifty-three times in a minute.他一分钟能够跳五十三下.A: How many words can you write in a minute? 你一分钟可以写多少个单词?

B: I can write twenty-seven words in a minute.一分钟可以写二十七个英语单词.A: How many animals can you draw in a minute? 你一分钟能画多少只动物?

B: I can draw twelve animals in a minute.我在一分钟内可以画十二只动物。

A: How many words can Emma write in a minute?Emma 一分钟能写多少个单词.B: She can write forty-two words in a minute.她一分钟能写四十二个单词。A:What is the time? B: It s six o clock.(几点了? 六点了。)(8)A:What s the time? B: It s half past eight.(几点了?八点半。)A:What s the time? B: It s twenty to nine.(几点了?八点四十分。)

A: What s the time? B: It s a quarter to eleven.几点了.十点四十五分。.(11)A: What s the time? B: It s ten to twelve.几点了.十一点五十分。.A: What s the time? B: It s five to four.几点了.三点五十五分。.What’s the time?(= What time is it?)几点了..二类单词、短语和句子要求听、说、读、认。单词.stop 停 2.special(特别的)3.Concorde(协和客机)4.correct(正确的)句子.In a minute a top athlete can run about four hundred metres.(最顶尖的运动员一分钟能跑四百米。)

In a minute a cheetah can run about 1 kilometre and a half.(一只印度豹一分钟内能跑一点五千米。)

A top cyclist on a special bike can ride about four kilometers in a minute.

一个顶尖的自行车骑者骑特殊的自行车在一分钟内能骑四千米。.Concorde can fly about forty kilometres in a minute. 协和客机一分钟能飞行四十千米。.The fastest car can go about twenty kilometres in a minute.(最快的汽车一分钟能行二十千米。)

The fastest train can go about eight kilometres in a minute.(最快的火车一分钟能行八千米。)

第二篇：六年级上册英语重点句型语法总结

六年级上册英语重点句型语法总结

六年级上册涉及的重要语法知识主要有6种：

to be句型、there be句型、一般现在时句型、现在进行时句型、一般过去时句型、情态动词can引导的型、be going to句型等。现以5-8册书为例，简要总结如下： [一] to be句型：用于介绍个人情况如姓名、健康状况、身份、国籍、家庭成员、朋友、职业等，描述地点、颜色、四季、日期、星期几等，该句型广泛分布于各册教材中，其中5—7册的句型主要有： 1.Who’s your English teacher? Mr.Carter.2.What’s he like? He’s tall and strong.3.Is she quiet? No, she isn’t.She is very active.4.Is she strict? Yes, she is, but she’s very kind.5.What day is it today? It’s Wednesday.6.What’s your favourite fruit/food…?

7.They’re sweet/ sour/ salty/ healthy/… 8.When is your birthday? It’s in May.9.My birthday is in June.Uncle Bill’s birthday is in June, too.10.Is her birthday in June? Yes, it is.11.What’s the date? 12.This is Zhang Peng.13.Where is the cinema, please? It’s next to the hospital.[二] there be句型：表示存在，即：“某处有某物”或“某时有某事”。句型基本结构为：There is+ 可数名词单数或不可数名词+时间或地点。There are+可数名词复数+地点。该句型主要分布在第5册的Unit 5和Unit 6中，如： 1.There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room.2.There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet.3.Is there a forest in the park? Yes, there is.4.Is there a river? No, there isn’t.5.Are there any pandas in the mountains? No, there aren’t.6.Are there any fish in the rivers? Yes, there are.[三] 一般现在时句型：表示习惯性的动作或行为，或现在存在着的状况。句型基本结构为：主语+行为动词+其他。当主语是第三人称单数时，要在动词原形后面加s或es，其他人称作主语时则用动词原形，在问句及否定句中需要用助动词do或does。这种句型通常有一些标志词，如：usually often sometimes never always等。该句型主要分布在第5册Unit2&3，第6册Unit1&2, 第7册Unit4,5,6, 第8册Unit2中。如： Book5:

1.What do you have on Thursdays? We have English, math and science on Thursdays.2.What do you do on Saturdays? I watch TV on Saturdays.3.I do my homework.4.What do you have for lunch on Mondays? We have tomatoes, tofu and fish.5.I like fruit.But I don’t like grapes.Book6:

1.When do you eat dinner? I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening.2.When do you get up? I usually get up at 12:00 noon.3.What do you do on the weekend? Usually I watch TV and go shopping.4.Sometimes I visit my grandparents.I often play football.Sometimes I go hiking.5.Which season do you like best? I like winter best.6.Why do you like summer/winter? Book7:

1.How do you go to school, Sarah?

2.Usually I go to school on foot.Sometimes I go by bike.3.I like collecting stamps.He likes collecting stamps, too.4.Does she teach math? Yes, she does.5.Does she teach English？ No, she doesn’t.She teaches math.6.What does your mother do? What does your father do? 7.Where does she work? She works in a car company.8.How does she go to work? She goes to work by bus.9.Where does the rain come from? It comes from the clouds.10.Where does the cloud come from? It comes from the vapour.11.Where does the vapour come from? It comes from the water in the river.12.The sun shines and the water becomes vapour.13.How do you do that?

[四] 现在进行时句型：表示说话时正在进行的动作或事件，或在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况。标志词是：now 也常用在Look!Listen!等后面。句型主要结构为：be动词（am, is, are）+动词现在分词(v.ing)。该句型主要分布在第6册Unit4, 5, 6中。如：

1.What are you doing? I’m doing the dishes.I’m reading a book.2.Grandpa is writing a letter.Brother is doing homework.Mom is cooking dinner in the kitchen.3.He is writing an e-mail in the study.3.What is it doing ? It’s eating bananas.4.What is she doing ? She’s jumping.5.What are they doing ? They’re swimming.They’ re climbing trees.6.Are you eating lunch? No, we aren’t.7.Are they eating the honey? Yes, they are.8.Is he playing chess? Yes, he is.9.Is she counting insects? No, she isn’t.[五] 情态动词can引导的句型：表示有能力做某事，can后面的动词要用原形。该句型主要分布在第5册Unit4和第7册Unit1中。如：

Book4: 1.What can you do? I can sweep the floor.I can cook the meals.2.I can water the flowers.3.Can you make the bed? No, I can’t.4.Can you use a computer? Yes, I can.Book7: How can I get to Zhongshan Park? You can go by the No.15 bus.[六] 将来时：我们的教材中出现过两种表示将来时的句型，即：will和be going to句型，主要以be going to句型为主，表示将要做某事或打算做某事。句型主要结构：am/is/are + going to + v.原形。标志词有：tomorrow next weekend this morning this weekend next…be going to Book7:

1.What are you going to do this weekend? I am going to visit my grandparents.2.Where are you going? I am going to the cinema.3.How is he going to Beijing? He is going to Beijing by plane.4.When is she going to Xiashan?

She is going to go there at 9:00 am

第三篇：人教版八年级英语下册单词,短语,句型和语法总结

Unit1 What’s the matter?

【重点单词】

matter [ˈmætə] v.重要，要紧，有关系 What‟s the matter? 怎么了？出什么事了？ sore [sɔ:(r)] adj.疼痛的，酸痛的 have a cold 感冒

stomach ['stʌmək] n.胃，腹部

stomachache ['stʌməkeɪk] n.胃痛，腹痛 have a stomachache 胃痛 foot(复数feet)[fu:t] n.脚 neck [nek] n.颈，脖子 throat [θrəʊt] n.喉咙 fever ['fi:və] n.发烧，发热 lie [laɪ] v.躺，平躺 lie down 躺下

rest [rest] n.剩余部分，其余；放松，休息 cough [kɒf] n.& v.咳嗽 X-ray ['eksreɪ] n.X光，X射线 toothache [ˈtu:θeɪk] n.牙痛 take one's temperature 量体温 headache [ˈhedeɪk] n.头痛 have a fever 发烧

break [breɪk] n.& v.休息，暂停；打破 take breaks(take a break）休息 hurt [hə:t] v.伤害，损害，使受伤 passenger ['pæsɪndʒə] n.乘客，旅客 off [ɒf] adv.prep.离开（某处）；从…去掉 get off 下车

to one's surprise 使…惊讶，出乎…意料 onto [ˈɒntə] prep.向，朝

trouble [ˈtrʌbl] n.麻烦，烦扰，问题 hit [hit] n.& v.碰撞，打，打击 right away 立即，马上 get into 陷入，参与

herself [hə:ˈself] pron.她自己，她本身（she的反身代词）bandage ['bændɪdʒ] n.& v.绷带；用绷带包扎 sick [sɪk] adj.患病的，不适的 knee [ni:] n.膝盖 nosebleed [ˈnəʊzbli:d] n.鼻出血 breathe [bri:ð] v.呼吸

sunburned [ˈsʌnbɜ:nd] adj.晒伤的

ourselves [ɑ:ˈselvz] pron.我们自己（we的反身代词）climber [ˈklaɪmə(r)] n.登山者 be used to习惯于… 适应于… risk [rɪsk] n.& v.风险，危险；冒险 take risks(take a risk)冒险

accident [ˈæksidənt] n.意外事件；事故 situation [ˌsitjuˈeiʃən] n.状况，形式，情况 kg=kilogram [ˈkɪləgræm] n.公斤，千克 rock [rɔk] n.岩石 run out(of)用尽，耗尽 knife [naif] n.刀，餐刀 cut off 切除 blood [blʌd] n.血

mean [mi:n] v.意味着，意思是，意欲 get out of 离开，从… 出来 importance [ɪmˈpɔ:tns] n.重要性 decision [dɪ'sɪʒn] n.决心，决定，抉择 control [kən'trəʊl] v.控制，支配，操纵 be in control of 掌管，管理 spirit ['spɪrɪt] n.勇气，意志 death [deθ] n.死亡 give up 放弃 nurse [nə:s] n.护士

【重点短语】 1.have a fever 发烧 2.have a cough 咳嗽 3.have a toothache 牙疼 4.talk too much 说得太多 5.drink enough water 喝足够的水 6.have a cold 受凉;感冒 7.have a stomachache 胃疼 8.have a sore back 背疼 9.have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10.take risks 冒险

11.hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12.see a dentist 看牙医 13.get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14.take one‟ s temperature 量体温

15.put some medicine on sth.在……上面敷药 16.give up 放弃 17.sound like 听起来像 18.all weekend 整个周末 19.in the same way 以同样的方式 20.go to a doctor 看医生 21.go along 沿着……走

22.on the side of the road 在马路边 23.shout for help 大声呼救 24.without thinking twice 没有多想 25.get off 下车

26.have a heart problem 有心脏病 27.to one‟ s surprise 另某人惊讶的是 28.thanks to 多亏了 ；由于 29.in time 及时

30.make a decision 做出决定 31.get into trouble 造成麻烦 32.right away 立刻；马上 33.because of 由于

34.get out of 离开;从……出来

35.keep on doing sth.继续或坚持做某事 36.put a bandage on sth.用绷带包扎 37.fall down 摔倒 38.feel sick 感到恶心 39.have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40.cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 41.put her head back 把她的头向后仰 42.have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43.mountain climbing 登山运动 44.be used to doing sth.习惯做某事 45.run out(of)用完;用尽 46.so that 以便

47.so...that...如此……以至于...… 48.be in control of 掌管;管理 49.in a difficult situation 在闲境中 【重点句型】

1.What's the matter with you?= What'the trouble with you? = What's wrong with you? 你怎么了？

2.What should she do? 她该怎么办呢？

3.Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗？

4.You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。

5.Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢？

6.I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。

7.She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital.她说这个人有心脏病应该去医院。

Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.【重点单词】

clean up 打扫（清除）干净 cheer [tʃiə] v.欢呼

cheer up 变得更高兴，振奋起来 give out 分发，散发

volunteer [ˌvɔlənˈtiə] n.& v.志愿者；义务做 come up with 想出，提出 put off 推迟

sign [saɪn] n.标记，符号，标牌

notice [ˈnəʊtɪs] n.& v.通知，公告；注意到 hand out 分发

call up 打电话给…某人，征召 used to do sth.过去常常做某事 lonely ['ləʊnlɪ] adj.孤独的，寂寞的 care for 照顾，非常喜欢

several [ˈsevrəl] prep.几个，数个，一些 strong [strɒŋ] adj.强壮的，强烈的 feeling [ˈfi:lɪŋ] n.感觉，感触

satisfaction [ˌsætɪs'fækʃn] n.满足，满意 joy [dʒɔɪ] n.高兴，愉快 owner [ˈəʊnə(r)] n.所有者，物主 try out 参加…选拔，试用

journey ['dʒɜ:nɪ] n.（尤指长途）旅行，行程 raise [reɪz] v.抬起，举起，筹集，征集 alone [əˈləun] adv.独自地，孤独地 repair [riˈpɛə] v.修理，修补 fix [fiks] v.修理，安装 fix up 修理，修补 give away 赠送，捐赠 take after（外貌或行为）像

broken ['brəʊkən] adj.破损的，残缺的 wheel [wi:l] n.& v.轮子，车轮；旋转 letter [ˈletə] n.信件，字母 Miss [mɪs] n.小姐 set up 建立，设立

disabled [disˈeibəld] adj.有残疾的，丧失能力的 make a difference 影响，有作用

blind [blaɪnd] adj.盲的，盲目的，失明的 deaf [def] adj.聋的

imagine [ɪˈmædʒɪn] v.想象，设想 difficulty ['dɪfɪkəltɪ] n.困难 open [ˈəʊpən] v.打开 door [dɔ:] n.门

carry ['kærɪ] v.携带，搬运 train [treɪn] v.训练，培养 training [ˈtreɪnɪŋ] n.训练，培训 excited [ɪkˈsaɪtɪd] adj.激动的，兴奋的

kindness [ˈkaɪndnəs] n.仁慈，善良，亲切，善意 clever [ˈklevə] adj.聪明的，机灵的 understand [ˌʌndəˈstænd] v.懂，理解 change [tʃeɪndʒ] n.& v.改变 interest ['ɪntrəst] n.& v.感兴趣；兴趣 sir [sɜ:(r)] n.先生

madam ['mædəm] n.夫人，女士

【重点短语】 1.Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2.an old people‟s home 养老院 3.help out with sth.帮助解决困难 4.used to 过去常常......5.care for 关心;照顾 6.the look of joy 快乐的表情 7.at the age of 在......岁时 8.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净 9.cheer up(使)变得更高兴;振奋 10.give out 分发;散发 11.come up with 想出；提出 12.make a plan 制订计划 13.make some notices 做些公告牌 14.try out 试用;试行

15.work for 为…工作；为….效力 16.put up 建造;举起;张贴 17.hand out 分发;散发;发给 18.call up 打电话;召集 19.put off 推迟;延迟 20.for example 比如；例如 21.raise money 筹钱;募捐 22.take after 与......相像;像 23.give away 赠送;捐赠 24.fix up 修理;修补;解决 25.be similar to 与……相似 26.set up 建立;设立 27.disabled people 残疾人 28.make a difference 影响;有作用 29.be able to 能够

30.after-school reading program 课外阅读项目

【重点句型】

1.The boy could give out food at the food bank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。

2.Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。

3.He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.每周六上午，他都在一'家动物医院当志愿者。

4.Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。

5.You can see in their eyes that they're going on a different journey with each new book.从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。

6.I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。

7.Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。

8.You helped to make it possible for me to have Luck.在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。

Unit3 Could you please clean your room?

【重点单词】

rubbish [ˈrʌbɪʃ] n.垃圾，废物 take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 fold [fəʊld] v.对折，折叠 mess [mes] n.混乱，脏乱，食堂 throw [θrəʊ] v.扔，投掷 all the time 频繁，反复

neither [ˈni:ðə] pron.adv.二者都不；也不 shirt [ʃə:t] n.运动衫，衬衫 as soon as 一…就…，尽快 pass [pɑ:s] v.前行，经过，批准 borrow ['bɒrəʊ] v.借，借用 lend [lend] v.借给，借出 finger [ˈfiŋgə(r)] n.手指 hate [heɪt] v.憎恶，讨厌

chore [tʃɔ:(r)] n.杂务，乏味的工作 while [wail] conj.当...时候，而，然而 snack [snæk] n.小吃，点心，快餐 stress [stres] n.精神压力，心理负担 waste [weɪst] v.浪费，消耗 in order to 目的是，为了

provide [prə'vaid] v.提供，供给，供应

anyway [ˈeniwei] adv.无论如何,不管怎样，而且 depend [diˈpend] v.取决于，依靠，依赖 depend on 依靠于

develop [dɪˈveləp] v.发展，壮大，开发，研制

independent [ˌindiˈpendənt] adj.独立自主的，不受约束的 independence [ˌɪndɪ'pendəns] n.独立 fair [fɛə] adj.公平的，公正的

unfair [ˌʌnˈfeə] adj.不公平的，有偏见的 fairness [ˈfeənɪs] n.公正性，合理性 since [sɪns] conj.因为，既然 neighbor [ˈneɪbə] n.邻居 take care of 照顾，处理 ill [il] adj.生病的，有病的 drop [drɔp] v.落下，跌落

【重点短语】

1.go out for dinner 出去吃饭 2.stay out late 在外面待到很晚 3.go to the movies 去看电影 4.get a ride 搭车 5.work on 从事

6.finish doing sth.完成做某事 7.clean and tidy 干净整洁的 8.do the dishes 洗餐具 9.take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 10.fold your/the clothes 叠衣服 11.sweep the floor 扫地 12.make your/the bed 整理床铺 13.clean the livng room 打扫客厅 14.no problem 没问题 15.welcome sb.欢迎某人

16.come home from school/work放学/下班回家 17.throw down 扔下 18.sit down 坐下 19.come over 过来

20.take sb.for a walk 带某人去散步 21.all the time 一直;总是 22.all day/evening 整曰/夜 23.do housework 做家务 24.shout back 大声回应 25.walk away 走开

26.share the housework 分担家务 27.a comfortable home 一个舒适的家 28.in surprise 惊讶地

29.get something to drink 拿点喝的东西 30.watch one show 观看一个节目 31.hang out 闲逛

32.pass sb.sth.把某物传给某人 33.lend sb.sth.把某物借给某人 34.get sth.wet 使某物弄湿 35.hate to do sth.讨厌做某事 36.do chores 做杂务

37.help sb.(to)d o /with sth•帮助某人干某事 38.bring a tent带顶帐篷来 39.buy some snacks买些小吃 40.go to the store去商店

41.invite sb.to a party邀请某人参加聚会 42.make sb.do sth.使某人做某事 43.enough stress足够的压力 44.a waste of time浪费时间 45.in order to为了

46.get good grades取得好成绩 47.mind doing sth.介意做某事 48.depend on依赖;依靠

49.develop children ‟ s independence发展孩子的独立性 50.look after/take care of 照顾；照看

51.do one‟ s part in(doing)sth.做某人分内的事

【重点句型】

1.Could you please clean your room? 你能打扫一下你的房间吗？

2.I have to do some work.我必须干些活。

3.Could I use your computer? 我可以用一下你的电脑吗？

4.She won't be happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。

5.For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。

6.My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。

7.I hate to do chores.我不喜欢做杂务。

Unit4 Why do’t you talk to your parents?

【重点单词】

allow [əˈlaʊ] v.允许，准许 wrong [rɔŋ] adj.错误的 What's wrong? 哪儿不舒服？ midnight ['mɪdnaɪt] n.午夜，子夜 look through 浏览，快速查看

guess [ɡes] v.猜测，估计 deal [di:l] v.处理，应付 big deal 重要的事

work out 成功地发展，解决 get on with 和睦相处，关系良好 relation [rɪˈleɪʃn] n.关系，联系，交往 communicate [kəˈmju:nikeit] v.沟通,通信,通讯 communication [kəˌmju:nɪˈkeɪʃn] n.交流，沟通 argue [ˈɑ:ɡju:] v.争论，争吵 cloud [klaʊd] n.云

elder ['eldə(r)] adj.年级较长的 instead [ɪnˈsted] adv.代替

whatever [wɒtˈevər] pron.任何,不管什么,无论什么 nervous [ˈnə:vəs] adj.紧张不安的 offer ['a:fər] v.提供，自愿给予 proper [ˈprɔpə] adj.合适的，适当的 secondly [ˈsekəndli] adv.第二，其次 explain [ɪkˈspleɪn] v.讲解，解释，说明 clear [klɪə] adj.清晰的，清楚易懂的 copy [ˈkɔpi] v.复制

return [rɪ'tɜ:n] v.回来，返回，归还 anymore ['enɪmɔ:] adv.不再，再也不 member [ˈmembə] n.成员，会员 pressure ['preʃə(r)] n.压力 compete [kəm'pi:t] v.比赛，竞争 opinion [əˈpɪnjən] n.意见，想法，看法 skill [skɪl] n.技能，技巧 typical [ˈtɪpɪkl] adj.典型的 football [ˈfʊtbɔ:l] n.足球 cut out 删去，删除

quick [kwɪk] adj.快的，迅速的 continue [kənˈtɪnju:] v.继续，连续 compare [kəm'peə] v.比较 compare…with 比较，对比 crazy [ˈkreɪzɪ] adj.疯狂的，狂热的

development [diˈveləpmənt] n.发育，成长，发展 cause [kɔ:z] n.& v.原因；造成，使发生 usual [ˈju:ʒuəl] adj.通常的，平常的 in one's opinion 依… 看

perhaps [pəˈhæps] adv.可能，大概，也许 【重点短语】

1.have free time有空闲时间 2.allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 3.hang out with sb.与某人闲逛 4.after-school classes课外活动课 5.get into a fight with sb.与某人吵架/打架 6.until midnight直到半夜 7.talk to sb.与某人交谈 8.too many太多

9.study too much学得过多 10.get enough sleep有足够的睡眠 11.write sb.a letter给某人写信 12.call sb.up打电话给某人 13.surprise sb.令某人惊讶 14.look through翻看

15.be angry with sb.生某人的气 16.a big deal重要的事 17.work out成功地发展;解决 18.get on with与...相处 19.fight a lot经常吵架/打架 20.hang over笼罩

21.refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 22.offer to do sth.主动提出做某事 23.so that以便

24.mind sb.doing sth.介意某人做某事 25.all the time一直 26.in future今后

27.make sb.angry使某人生气 28.worry about sth.担心某事

29.copy one‟ s homework抄袭某人的作业 30.be oneself做自己 31.family members 32.spend time alone独自消磨时光 33.give sb.pressure给某人施压 34.have a fight with sb.与某人吵架 35.compete with sb.与某人竞争 36.free time activities业余活动 37.get better grades取得更好的成绩 38.give one‟ s opinion提出某人的观点 39.learn exam skills学习应试技巧 40.practice sports体育训练 41.cause stress造成压力 42.cut out删除

【重点句型】

1.I studied until midnight last night so I didn't get enough sleep.我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。

2.Why don't you forget about it? 你为什么不忘掉它呢？

3.Although she's wrong , it,s not a big deal.虽然她错了,但这并不是什么大事儿。

4.He should talk to his friend so that he can say he's sorry.他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。

5.Maybe you could go to his house.也许你可以去他家。

6.I guess I could, but I don't want to surprise him.我想我可以，但我不想让他感到惊讶。

Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?

【重点单词】

rainstorm [ˈreɪnstɔ:m] n.暴风雨 alarm [əˈlɑ:m] n.闹钟 go off（闹钟）发出响声 begin [bɪˈgɪn] v.开始

heavily [ˈhevɪli] adv.在很大程度上，大量地 suddenly [ˈsʌdənli] adv.突然地 pick up（=pick up the phone)接电话

strange [streɪndʒ] adj.奇怪的，陌生的，奇特的 storm [stɔ:m] n.暴风雨 wind [waɪnd] n.风

light [laɪt] n.& v.电灯；点燃 report [riˈpɔ:t] v.报导，报告 area ['eərɪə] n.范围，地域，地区 wood [wʊd] n.树木，木材，树木 window [ˈwindəu] n.窗户

flashlight ['flæʃlaɪt] n.手电筒，火炬 match [mætʃ] n.火柴，比赛 beat [bi:t] v.敲打，打败

against [əˈgenst] prep.反对，对…不利 asleep [əˈsli:p] adj.睡着的，熟睡的

fall asleep 进入梦乡，睡着 die down 逐渐变弱，逐渐消失 rise [raɪz] v.上升，升起

fallen [ˈfɔ:lən] adj.倒下的，落下的 apart [əˈpɑ:t] adv.分离，分开 have a look 看一看

icy [ˈaɪsɪ] adj.覆盖着冰的，冰冷的

kid [kɪd] n.& v.（口语）小孩；开玩笑，欺骗 realize [ˈri:əlaɪz] v.认识到，了解 make one's way 前往，费力地前进 passage [ˈpæsɪdʒ] n.章节，段落 pupil [ˈpju:pl] n.学生

completely [kəmˈpli:tli] adv.彻底地，完全地 shocked [ʃɔkt] adj.震惊的，震撼的 silence [ˈsaɪləns] n.寂静，沉默 in silence 沉默，无声

recently [ˈri:sntli] adv.不久前，近来，最近take down 拆除，往下拽，记录 terrorist [ˈterərɪst] n.恐怖分子 date [deɪt] n.日期，日子 tower [ˈtaʊə(r)] n.塔 at first 首先，最初

truth [tru:θ] n.真相，真理，事实

【重点短语】 1.make sure 确信;确认 2.beat against...拍打…… 3.fall asleep 进人梦乡；睡着 4.die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 5.wake up 醒来 6.in a mess 一团糟 7.break...apart 使……分离

8.in times of difficulty 在困难的时候 9.at the time of 当.......时候 10.go off(闹钟)发出响声 11.take a hot shower 洗热水澡 12.miss the bus 错过公交车 13.pick up 接电话

14.bring...together 使……靠拢 15.in the area 在这个地区 16.miss the event 错过这个事件 17.by the side of the road 在路边 18.the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线 19.walk by 走路经过

20.make one‟s way to....在某人去……的路上 21.hear the news 听到这个消息

22.important events in history 历史上的重大事件 23.for example 例如 24.be killed 被杀害 25.over 50 50多(岁）26.a school pupil 一个小学生 27.on the radio 通过广播 28.in silence 沉默;无声 29.more recently 最近地;新近30.the World Trade Center 世贸中心 31.take down 拆除;摧毁

32.have meaning to 对……有意义 33.remember doing sth.记得做过某事 34.at first 首先;最初

【重点句型】

1.— What were you doing at eight last night? 昨晚8点你在干什么？

— I was taking a shower.我在洗淋浴。

2.When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.当开始下雨的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。

3.— What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping? 琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在干什么？

— While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。

Unit6 An old man tried to move the mountains.【重点单词】

shoot [ʃu:t] v.投篮，射击，发射 stone [ˈstəʊn] n.石头

weak [wi:k] adj.虚弱的，柔弱的 god [ɡɒd] n.上帝，神

remind [rɪˈmaɪnd] v.提醒，使想起 bit [bɪt] n.一点，小块 a little bit 有点儿，稍微

silly [ˈsɪlɪ] adj.& n.愚昧的；傻子，蠢货 instead of 代替，反而 turn into 变成 object [ˈɒbdʒɪkt] n.物体，目标，物品 hide [haɪd] v.躲藏，隐藏 tail [teil] n.尾巴

magic [ˈmædʒɪk] n.魔法，巫术 stick [stɪk] n.& v.棍，棒；刺，戳，插 excite [ɪk'saɪt] v.使激动，使兴奋 western ['westən] adj.西方的，欧美的 once upon 从前

stepsister [ˈstepsɪstə(r)] n.继姐（妹）prince [prɪns] n.王子 fall in love 爱上，喜欢上 fit [fɪt] v.适合，合身

couple ['kʌpl] n.（尤指）夫妻，两人 smile [smaɪl] n.& v.微笑 marry [ˈmæri] v.与某人结婚 get married 结婚

gold [ɡəʊld] n.黄金，金币 emperor [ˈempərə] n.皇帝 silk [sɪlk] n.丝绸

underwear [ˈʌndəwɛə] n.内衣

nobody [ˈnəʊbədi] pron.无人,没有任何人,谁也不stupid ['stju:pɪd] adj.& n.愚蠢的,傻的；傻子 cheat [tʃi:t] v.欺骗，愚弄 stepmother [ˈstepmʌðə(r)] n.继母 wife [waɪf] n.妻子 husband [ˈhʌzbənd] n.丈夫 whole [həul] adj.全部的，整体的 scene [si:n] n.舞台，（戏剧）场景 moonlight ['mu:nlaɪt] n.月光 shine [ʃaɪn] v.照耀，发光

bright [braɪt] adj.& adv.明亮的,发亮的；明亮地 ground [graʊnd] n.地面

lead [li:d] n.& v.领导，主角；带路 voice [vɔis] n.嗓音 brave [breiv] adj.勇敢的

【重点短语】

1.work on doing sth.致力于做某事 2.as soon as...一……就…....15 3.once upon a time 从前 4.continue to do sth.继续做某事 5.make sth.happen 使某事发生 6.try to do sth.努力做某事 7.the journey to sp.......之旅 8.tell the/a story 讲故事 9.put on 穿 10.a little bit 有点儿

11.keep doing sth.坚持做某事 12.give up 放弃 13.instead of 代替;反而 14.turn...into...使......变成......15.get married 结婚

16.the main character 主要人物；主人公 17.at other times 在另外一些时候 18.be able to 能;会

19.come out(书、电影等)出版 20.become interested in...对……感兴趣 21.walk to the other side 走到另一边去 22.a fairy tale 一个神话故事

23.the rest of the story 故事的其余部分 24.leave sb.to do sth.让某人做某事 25.make a plan to do sth.筹划/计划做某事 26.go to sleep 去睡觉

27.lead sb.to sp.把某人领到某地 28.get lost 迷路

29.change one‟s plan 改变计划 30.tell sb.to do sth.叫某人做某事 31.in the moonlight 在月光下

32.find one‟ s way home 找到某人回家的路 33.the next day 第二天 34.send sb.to sp.派某人去某地 35.so...that...如此.......以致于.......【重点句型】

1.So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong? 你觉得愚公的故事怎么样？

2.It doesn't seem very possible to move a mountain.把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。

3.This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出72种变化，可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。

4.Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.有时候，他能够让他的金箍棒变得很小，以至于可以放在耳朵里。

5.Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.这些（山）太高了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。

6.Don't eat it until you get to the forest.你们到达森林之后才能吃。

Unit7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?

【重点单词】

square [skweə(r)] n.平方，正方形，广场 meter [ˈmi:tə] n.米 deep [di:p] adj.深的 desert [ˈdezət] n.沙漠

population [ˌpɔpjuˈleiʃən] n.人口(数量）,全体居民 Asia [ˈeɪʒə] n.亚洲

feel free（可以）随便（做某事)tour [tuə] n.旅行，观光 wall [wɔ:l] n.墙

amazing [əˈmeɪzɪŋ] adj.令人惊异的 ancient [ˈeɪnʃənt] adj.古代的，古老的 protect [prəˈtekt] v.保护 wide [waɪd] adj.宽的，广阔的 as far as I know 就我所知 achieve [əˈtʃi:v] v.完成，实现 achievement [əˈtʃi:vmənt] n.成就，成绩

southwestern [saʊθ'westən] adj.西南的,西南方向的 thick [θɪk] adj.厚的，浓的 include [ɪnˈklu:d] v.包括，包含 freezing [ˈfri:zɪŋ] adj.极冷的，冷冻的 condition [kənˈdɪʃn] n.条件，状况 take in 吸入，吞入

succeed [səkˈsi:d] v.成功，实现目标，完成 challenge [ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ] n.& v.挑战，考验 in the face of 面对（问题，困难）force [fɔ:s] n.力，力量

nature ['neɪtʃə(r)] n.自然界，大自然 even though（=even if）即使，虽然 ocean ['əʊʃn] n.海洋 the Pacific Ocean 太平洋

cm(centimeter)[ˈsentɪˌmi:tə] n.厘米 weigh [wei] v.称…重量 birth [bɜ:θ] n.出生，诞生 at birth 出生时

up to 到达（某数量，程度），不多于 adult [ əˈdʌlt] n.成年人 bamboo [bæmˈbu:] n.竹子

endangered [ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd] adj.有危险的，濒临灭绝的，濒危的 research [rɪˈsɜ:tʃ] n.& v.研究，调查 keeper [ˈki:pə(r)] n.饲养员，保管人 awake [əˈweɪk] adj.醒着

excitement [ɪkˈsaɪtmənt] n.激动，兴奋 walk into 走路时撞到 fall over 绊倒

illness [ˈɪlnəs] n.疾病，生病

remaining [rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ] adj.遗留的，剩余的 or so 大约

artwork [ˈɑ:twə:k] n.艺术品，插图，图片 wild [waɪld] adj.野性的，野生的 government [ˈgʌvənmənt] n.政府 whale [weɪl] n.鲸

protection [prəˈtekʃn] n.保护，保卫 huge [hju:dʒ] adj.巨大的，极多的 dynasty [ˈdɪnəstɪ] n.朝代，王朝 base [beɪs] n.基础，基地

【重点短语】

1.as big as 与……一样大

2.one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一 3.feel free to do sth.随意地做某事 4.as far as I know 据我所知 5.man-made objects 人造物体 6.part of.........的组成部分 7.the highest mountain 最高的山脉 8.in the world 在世界上

9.any other mountain 其它任何一座山 10.of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中 11.run along 跨越…… 12.freezing weather 冰冻的天气 13.take in air 呼吸空气

14.the first people to do sth.第一个做某事的人 15.in the face of difficulties 面临危险 16.give up doing sth.放弃做某事 17.achieve one‟ s dream 实现某人的梦想 18.the forces of nature 自然界的力量 19.reach the top 到达顶峰 20.even though 虽然;尽管 21.at birth 在出生的时候 22.be awake 醒着

23.run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去 24.walk into sb.撞到某人 25.fall over 摔倒 26.take care of 照顾;照料 27.every two years 每两年 28.cut down the forests 砍伐林木 29.endangered animals 濒危动物

30.fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少 31.be in danger 处于危险之中

32.the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物的重要性

【重点句型】

1.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。

2.One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。

3.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应该放弃实现自己的梦想。

4.How high is Qomolangma? 穆朗玛峰有多高？

5.Although Japan is older than Canada，it is much smaller.虽然日本比加拿大有更悠久的历史，但是日本比加拿大小多了。

6.Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.成年大熊猫一天要花1 2 个多小时的时间吃大约十千克竹子。

Unit8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?

【重点单词】

treasure [ˈtreʒə] n.财宝，财富 island [ˈaɪlənd] n.岛屿 full of 满是…的，（有）丰富的 classic [ˈklæsɪk] n.经典著作，名著 page [peɪdʒ] n.（书或纸张的）页，面，张 hurry ['hʌrɪ] v.匆忙，赶快 hurry up 赶快，急忙（做某事）due [dju:] adj.预期的，到期的 ship [ʃɪp] n.船 tool [tu:l] n.工具 gun [ɡʌn] n.炮，枪

mark [mɑ:k] n.& v.分数，记号；作标记 sand [sænd] n.沙滩，沙

cannibal [ˈkænɪbl] n.& adj.食人肉者；同类相残的，凶残的towards [təˈwɔ:dz] prep.向着，朝着，对于,关于 land [lænd] n.& v.陆地，大地，国土；着陆 fiction [ˈfɪkʃn] n.小说，虚构，编造 science fiction 科幻小说

technology [tekˈnɒlədʒɪ] n.科技，工艺 French [frentʃ] n.& adj.法语，法国人（的）pop [pɒp] n.流行音乐 rock [rɑk] n.岩石，摇滚乐 band [bænd] n.乐队 country music 乡村音乐 forever [fərˈevə(r)] adv.永远 abroad [əˈbrɔ:d] adv.在国外，到国外

actually [ˈæktʃʊəli] adv.真实地,实际上,说实在的 ever since 自从 fan [fʌn] n.乐趣

southern [ˈsʌðən] adj.南方的

modern [ˈmɔdən] adj.现代的，现代化的 success [sək'ses] n.成功 belong [biˈlɔŋ] v.属于 one another 互相

laughter [ˈlɑ:ftə(r)] n.笑，笑声 beauty [ˈbju:ti] n.美丽，美好的事物 million [ˈmiljən] num.百万

record ['rekɔ:d] n.& v.记录，唱片；录制，录音 introduce [ˌɪntrəˈdju:s] v.介绍，传入，引进 line [lain] n.排，队，列

【重点短语】 1.on page 25 在第25页

2.the back of the book 书的背面 3.hurry up 赶快;匆忙.in two weeks 在两周之内 5.go out to sea 出海

6.an island full of treasures 一个满是宝藏的岛屿 7.w rite about 写作关于……的内容 8.finish doing sth.做完某事

9.w ait for another ship 等待另一艘船到来 10.learn to do sth.学会做某事

11.grow fruits and vegetables 种水果和蔬菜 12.a few weeks ago 几个星期前

13.the marks of another man‟ s feet 另一个人的脚印 14.not long after that 不久之后 15.run towards sp.跑向某地 16.use...to do sth.用……来做某事

17.signs left behind by someone 某人留下的标记 18.read the newspaper 看报 19.science fiction 科幻小说

20.can‟ t w ait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事 21.a good way to wake up 醒来的一个好办法 22.number of people 人数

23.used to do sth.(过去)常常做某事 24.study abroad 在国外学习25.make sb.do sth.使某人做某事 26.come to realize 开始意识到 27.ever since then 自从那时起

28.the southern states of America 美国的南部地区 29.belong to 属于

30.be kind to each other 善待彼此 31.trust one another 互相信任 32.the beauty of nature 大自然的美 33.have been to sp.去过某地

34.do some research on sth.对……做研究 35.hope to do sth.希望做某事 36.see sb.do sth.看到某人做某事 37.the firs t line in the song歌曲的第一行 38.enjoy success in享受……的成功 39.at the end of the day傍晚的时候

【重点句型】

1.— Have you read little Women yet? 你读过《小妇人》吗？

— Yes,I have./No,I haven't.是的，我读过。/ 不，我没有。

2.— Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? 蒂娜读过《金银岛》这本书吗？ — Yes, she has.She thinks i t 's fantastic.是的，她读过。她觉得它很棒。

3.Would you like something to drink? 你要来点喝的吗？

4.I heard you lost your key.我听说你丢钥匙了。

5.She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.她开始意识到，事实上她是多么想念他们所有的人。

Unit9 Have you ever been to a museum?

【重点单词】

amusement [ˌəˈmju:zmənt] n.娱乐，消遣，游戏 amusement park 游乐场

somewhere [ˈsʌmweə] adv.某处，在某处 camera [ˈkæmərə] n.照相机 invention [ɪnˈvenʃn] n.发明，创造 invent [inˈvent] v.发明，创造

unbelievable [ˌʌnbɪˈli:vəbl] adj.难以置信的,不真实的 progress [ˈprəʊɡres] n.进步，进展 rapid [ˈræpɪd] adj.迅速的，快速的 unusual [ˌʌnˈju:ʒuəl] adj.特别的，不寻常的 toilet [ˈtɔɪlət] n.坐便器，厕所 encourage [inˈkʌridʒ] v.鼓励，激励 social [ˈsəuʃəl] adj.社会的

peaceful [ˈpi:sful] adj.和平的，平静的 tea art 茶艺

performance [pəˈfɔ:məns] n.表演，演出 perfect [ˈpɜ:fɪkt] adj.完美的，理想的，完全的 tea set 茶具

itself [itˈself] pron.它自己，它本身 collect [kəˈlekt] v.收集 a couple of 一对，两个，几个

German [ˈdʒɜ:mən] n.& adj.德语，德国人（的）theme [θi:m] n.题目，主题，作文 ride [raɪd] n.& v.骑，乘；（短途）旅程 province ['prɒvɪns] n.省，省份 thousand [ˈθaʊznd] num.一千

thousands of 数以千计的，许许多多的 safe [seif] adj.安全的，保险的 simply [ˈsimpli] adv.仅仅，只，不过 fear [fiə] n.& v.恐惧，害怕

whether [ˈweðə(r)] conj.不管…还是,或者…或者，是否 Indian [ˈɪndjən] adj.印度的，印度人的

Japanese [ˌdʒæpəˈni:z] n.& adj.日本人,日语；日本的 fox [fɒks] n.狐狸 all year around 全年 equator [iˈkweitə] n.赤道

whenever [wenˈevə] conj.无论何时 spring [spriŋ] n.春天

mostly [ˈməustli] adv.大多数地，主要地，通常 location [ləʊˈkeɪʃn] n.地点，位置

【重点短语】 1.at night 在晚上

2.in a more natural environment 在一个更加自然的环境中 3.all year round 一年到头，终年 4.be far from 离......远 5.in the dark 在黑暗中 6.in the past 在过去 7.have been to sp 去过某地 8.science museum科学博物馆 9.history museum 历史博物馆 10.amusement park 游乐园

11.go somewhere different 去不同的地方 12.go skating 去滑冰 13.take the subway 坐地铁

14.a great way to spend a Saturday afternoon 一个过周六下午的好办法 15.all the old movie camera 所有的古老的电影摄影机 16.learn about sth 了解有关.....的情况 17.on the weekend 在周末

18.camp in the mountains 在大山里露营 19.put up a tent 搭帐篷

20.in such a rapid way 以如此速猛的方式 21.different kinas of 各种各样的 22.development of toilets 厕所的发展 23.social groups 社会团体

24.the tea art performances 茶艺表演

25.make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets.用漂亮的茶具沏一杯完美的茶 26.a nice place to enjoy tea 一个品茶的好地方 27.Thousands of 数以千计的

28.international Museum of Toilets 国际厕所博物馆 29.the Terracotta Army 兵马俑 30.southeast Asia 东南亚 31.night Safari 夜间动物园 32.three quarters 四分之三

33.an English-speaking country 一个讲英语的国家 34.have a problem doing sth 做某事很困难 35.during the daytime 在白天 36.a couple of times 好几次 37.right now 现在，目前

38.an amusement park with a special theme 一个有特别的主题的游乐园 39.Walk around the park 在公园里到处走 40.hear of 听说 41.take a ride 兜风

42.another province 另一个省 43.the Bird‟s Nest 鸟巢

44.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事

45.on the one hand....on the other hand 一方面，另一方面

【重点句型】

1.Have you ever been to a science museum? 你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？

2.Let's go somewhere different today.让我们今天去不同的地方吧。

3.It's unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way.科技以如此速猛的方式发展真是令人难以置信啊！

4.Whether you like Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, you,ll find it all in Singapore!不管你喜欢印度食品，西方食品还是日本食品，在新加坡你都能找到！

5.One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round.新加坡一个很大的特征是它的气温几乎一年到头都是一样的。

6.It is best to visit Singapore.最好游览新加坡。

Unit10 I’ve had this bike for three years.【重点单词】 yard [jɑ:d] n.院子 yard sale 庭院拍卖会

sweet [swi:t] adj.& n.甜的，糖果 memory [ˈmemərɪ] n.记忆，记忆力，回忆 cent [sent] n.分，分币 toy [tɔi] n.玩具 bear [bɛə] n.熊 maker [ˈmeɪkə(r)] n.生产者，制造者 bread maker 面包机

scarf [skɑ:f] n.围巾，披巾，头巾 soft [sɔft] adj.柔软的 soft toy 软体玩具，布绒玩具 check [tʃek] n.& v.餐馆账单；检查 check out 察看，观察 board [bɔ:d] n.板子，甲板 board game 棋类游戏

junior [ˈdʒu:nɪə(r)] adj.地位低下的 junior high school 初中 clear [klɪə] adj.清晰的，清澈的 clear out 清理，清除掉 bedroom [ˈbedru:m] n.卧室 no longer 不再，不复 own [əun] adj.属于自己的 railway [ˈreɪlweɪ] n.铁路，铁道 part [pɑ:t] n.部分，零部件 part with 放弃，交出

certain [ˈsə:tn] adj.某一，确定的，无疑的 as for 至于，关于

honest [ˈɒnɪst] adj.诚实的，正直的 to be honest 说实在的

while [wail] conj.& n.当...时候，一段时间，一会儿 truthful [ˈtru:θfl] adj.诚实的，真实的 hometown [ˈhəʊmtaʊn] n.家乡，故乡 nowadays [ˈnaʊədeɪz] adv.现今，现在，目前 search [sɜ:tʃ] v.搜索，搜查

among [əˈmʌŋ] prep.在…中间；在…之中 crayon ['kreɪən] n.彩色铅笔 shame [ʃeɪm] n.羞耻

regard [rɪ'ɡɑ:d] n.& v.致敬，问候；将…视为 count [kaunt] n.& v.计算，计数；有价值 century ['sentʃərɪ] n.世纪，百年 according [ə'kɔ:dɪŋ] adv.依照，按照

opposite [ˈɔpəzit] prep.& adj.在…对面，与…相对；对面的especially [ɪˈspeʃəli] adv.特别，尤其 childhood [ˈtʃaɪldhʊd] n.孩童时期

consider [kənˈsidə] v.仔细考虑，思考，注视，close to 几乎，接近hold [həuld] v.拥有，抓住

【重点短语】

1.these days 目前，现在

2.regard with great interest 以极大的兴趣关注着 3.in order to 为了 4.so far 迄今，到目前为止 5.in need 需要

6.not...any more 不再.....7.welcome to sp 欢迎来到.....8.check out 察看，观察 9.board games 棋类游戏 10.one last thing 最后一样东西 11.junior high school 初级中学 12.clear out 清理 13.no longer 不再 14.toy monkey 玩具猴 15.part with 与.....分开 16.to be honest 说实在的 17.ride a bike 骑自行车

18.have a yard sale 进行庭院拍卖会 19.one‟s old things 某人的旧东西

20.bring back sweet memories 勾起甜美的回忆 21.give away 捐赠 22.play for a while 玩一会 23.do with 处理，处置 24.search for work 找工作

25.for the last 13 years 在过去的13年里 26.the mid-20th century 20世纪中期 27.stay the same 保持原状 28.according to 依照，按照 29.in one‟s opinion 依......看 30.in my time 在我那个年代

【重点句型】

1.Have long have you had that bike over there? 那边的那辆自行车你买了多久了？

2.Amy has had her favorite book for three years.艾米拥有她最喜欢的书3年了。

3.He has owned it since his fourth birthday.自他四岁生日起，他拥有这个东西了。

4.Some people still live in their hometown.However, others may only see it once or twice a year.有些人依然住在家乡，然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家乡一两次。5.As for me ,I did not want to give up my football shirts,but to be honest, I have not played for a while now.至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衣，但是，说实在的，我现在已经有一段时间没有踢球了。

6.Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things? 你是否曾经想过要举办一个庭院拍卖会来出售东西？

7.What would you do with the memory you raise? 你会怎样处理你所筹集到得钱？

一.询问某人的健康问题及遭到麻烦的表达方法

1.询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时，常用以下几种结构来表达：

What‟s the matter(with sb.)?（某人）怎么了？ What‟s wrong(with sb.)?（某人）怎么了？ What‟s the trouble with sb? 某人出什么事了？ What happened to sb? 某人发生了什么事？ Are you OK? 你没事吧？

Is there anything wrong with sb.？某人有不舒服/麻烦吗？

2.要表达身体疼痛或不舒服，可用以下结构：

①某人+have/has+病症

The twins have colds．双胞胎感冒了。

②某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache.She had a stomachache last night.她昨晚肚子痛。③某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位 He has a sore throat.他喉咙痛。④某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词 He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。⑤某部位+hurt(s).My head hurts badly.我头痛得厉害。⑥某人+have/has+a pain+in one‟s+身体部位 I have a pain in my chest.我胸口痛。

⑦(There is)something wrong with one‟s+身体部位

There is something wrong with my right eye.我的右眼有毛病。

⑧其他表达方式

She has a heart trouble.她有心脏病。He got hit on the head.他头部受到了撞击。She cut her finger.她割破手指了。

二.情态动词should的用法

1.should为情态动词，意为“应该；应当”，否定式为shouldn’t，其后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。

You should drink more water.你应该多喝水。He should put his head back.他应该把头后仰。

We should try our best to help him.我们应当尽力去帮助他。You shouldn„t watch TV.你不应该看电视。

2.should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句，表示征询意见。Should I put some medicine on it? 我应当给它敷上药吗？ Should we tell her about it? 我们应该告诉她这件事吗？

3.在英语中，表示建议的说法有很多，而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有：

①Would you like(to do)sth？你想要／愿意（做）某事吗？

Would you like to play basketball with me? 你想要和我一起打篮球吗？ ②Shall I/we do sth? 我/我们做某事好吗？

Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow? 明天我们去动物园，好吗？ ③Why not do sth? 为什么不......呢？

Why not join us?为什么不加入到我们当中来呢？ ④How/What about doing sth? 做某事怎么样？ How about going swimming? 去游泳怎么样？ ⑤Let‟s do sth.让我们做......吧。Let‟s go home.咱们回家吧。

⑥You‟d better(not)do sth 你最好（不）要做某事。You‟d better not go there alone.你最好不要一个人去那儿。

三.反身代词

英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别和数上保持一致。

第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself/herself/itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves

反身代词的用法

1.可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。

如：Maria bought herself a scarf.We must look after ourselves very well.2.可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。

如： She isn‟t quite herself today.3.可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。

如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow.I met the writer himself last week.4.用在某些固定短语当中。

如：look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./learn sth.by oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快

help oneself to sth 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）hurt oneself 弄伤自己 say to oneself 自言自语

leave sb.by oneself 把某人单独留下

【注意】 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我自己能完成作业。

（误）Myself can finish my homework.（正）I myself can finish my homework./ I can finish my homework myself.四.一般将来时

一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或状态，或将来经常发生的动作或状态。

一般将来时的基本结构

1.will+动词原形

否定式：will not=won't

一般疑问式：will/shall+主语+动词原形+其他？

特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+一般疑问式？

—Will he help you with your English tonight? 今天晚上他会帮助你学习英语吗？

—Yes, he will./No, he won't.是的，他会。/不，他不会。

—When will you arrive for America? 你什么时候去美国？ —Tomorrow.明天。

2.am/is/are going to +动词原形

否定式：am/is/are not going to +动词原形

一般疑问式：am/is/are +主语+ going to + 动词原形+其他？

特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+一般疑问式？

Look at the dark clouds.There is going to be a storm.看那乌云，快要下雨了。

Is he going to collect any data for us? 他会帮我们收集数据吗？

What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天你打算作什么？

3.will+动词原形与am/is/are going to +动词原形的用法区别

will+动词原形与am/is/are going to +动词原形的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况，一般情况下能互换。但它们的用法是有区别的。

will主要用于在以下三个方面：

（1）表示主观意愿的将来。

They will go to visit the factory tomorrow.明天他们将去厂参观工厂。

（2）表示不以人的意志为转移的客观的将来。He will be thirty years old this time next year.明年这个时候他就（将）三十岁。

（3）表示临时决定，通常用于对话中。—Mary has been ill for a week.玛丽病了一周了。

—Oh, I didn't know.I will go and see her.噢，我不知道。我去看看她。

be going to主要用于以下两个方面：

（1）表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事。Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。

（2）表示根据目前某种迹象判断，某事非常有可能发生，表示推测。Look!There come the dark clouds.It is going to rain.瞧！乌云密集。天要下雨了。

五.动词不定式（to do）的用法

1.作主语

为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。常用句型：It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.)to do sth./It takes sb.some time to do sth.2.作宾语

动词want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare常接动词不定式作宾语。3.作（后置）定语

常用于“have/has＋sth.＋to do”或“It‟s time to do sth.”等结构中。

4.作宾语补足语

tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb.to do sth.结构。

【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to：“一感(feel)，二听(listen to, hear)，三让(let, make, have，四看(look at, see, watch, notice)，半帮助(help)”。

5.动词不定式作状语

主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in order(to)或so as(to)“为了，目的是”。

六.Could you please...？句型

1.请求别人时通常用此句型，也可以说Can you...please?情态动词could或can在这里均表示请求，在意思上无区别，但是用could在于其显得更委婉、客气、诚恳。在日常生活中常使用could you/I...?若在句末加上please，则显得更礼貌。

Could you help me find my book, please?你能帮我找到我的书吗？

2.对could you/I...？的问句作出肯定回答，常用“sure/certainly/of course”等；如果作否定回答，常用“sorry或oh, please don‟t”。一般不用no开头，用no显得语气生硬、不礼貌。

3.表示请求的其他句式 Would you like to do...? Would you mind doing...? Let‟s do....Please do...(祈使句前加please)

七.过去进行时

1.基本概念：过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外, 一般用时间状语来表示。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。

We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。

It was raining when they left the station.他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。

2.基本结构 was / were(not)+ 动词-ing

3.一般过去时与过去进行时用法的比较

一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态, 而过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。

David wrote a letter to his friend last night.大卫昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。(信写完了。)David was writing a letter to his friend last night.大卫昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信。(信不一定写完。)

八.状语从句

1.unless引导条件状语从句 unless = if...not...除非，若不 They will go tomorrow unless it rains.= They will go tomorrow if it doesn‟t rains.2.as soon as引导时间状语从句，意为“一...就...”。

He will come and see you as soon as he can.3.so...that...引导结果状语从句

句型1：主语+谓语+so+形容词/副词+that从句

The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.句型2： so +形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that从句 It was so hot a day that they all went swimming.句型3.so + many/ few + 复数名词 + that从句 He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.句型4： so +much/ little + 不可数名词 + that 从句 I had so little money that I couldn‟t buy a pen.九.形容词/副词的比较等级

形容词和副词有三个比较等级，即原级（也就是原形）、比较级（表示“较……”或“更……”的意思，用于两者之间比较）和最高级（表示“最……”的意思，用于三者或三者以上的比较）。

1.形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的规则变化

（1）单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节单词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est。

① 单音节单词

small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest

② 少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节单词 clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest

（2）以不发音e结尾的单音节单词，比较级在原形后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st。large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest

able→abler→ablest

（3）以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）单词中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est。big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest

（4）以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est。easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest

（5）其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most。beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily

2.形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的不规则变化

good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst

old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least

far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest

3.原级常用句型

（1）A is as+原级+ as+ B 表示A与B一样...eg.He is as tall as me.（2）A is not as/so +原级+ as B 表示A不如B...eg.He is not as tall as me.（3）只能修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，too，so，enough，pretty等。eg.He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。

4.比较级常用句型

（1）当句中有than时则用比较级。eg.He is fatter than me.（2）“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级，A or B？ ”

eg.Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一个更大，地球还是月球？（3）“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越...”。

eg.The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。English is more and more important.英语越来越重要了。（4）“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越...，越...”。eg.The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you‟ll make.（5）可以修饰比较级的词：much，a lot，far，a little，a bit，even，still等。eg.Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。

5.最高级常用句型

1.“主语+be+the+形容词最高级（+单数名词）+in/of...”表示“……是……中最……的”。Tom is the tallest in his class/of all the students.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。

2.“主语+实意动词+(the)+副词最高级+in/of...”表示“……是……中最……的”。I jump(the)farthest in my class.我是我们班跳得最远的。

3.“主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of...”表示“……是……中最……之一”。Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中国最大城市之一。

4.“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级，甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者或三者以上的比较。Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？ 哪个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？

5.“特殊疑问词+助动词+主语（+the）+副词最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者或三者以上的比较。Which season do you like(the)best，spring，summer or autumn？ 你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天？

注意：副词最高级用在句中时，其前可以加the，也可以不加；但形容词最高级用在句中时，其前一般都要加the。

十.现在完成时

一.现在完成时基本结构

①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词 ②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词 ③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词

④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词）

二.现在完成时用法

1.现在完成时用来表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。也就是说，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。I have already posted the photo.我已经邮寄出了照片。

与此种用法连用的时间状语时一些模糊的过去时间状语，如already（肯定句）, yet（否定句/疑问句）, just, before, recently,still, lately,never等。

2.现在完成时也可用来表示动作或状态发生在过去某一时刻，持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。

He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。)

此种用法常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用。谓语动词必须是延续性动词。

有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词： go out----be out

finish----be over

open----be open

die----be dead

buy---have

fall ill---be ill

come back----be back

catch a cold----have a cold

第四篇：英语七年级上册语法知识与句型总结

英语七年级上册语法知识与句型总结 Review of Units 1~7 一.考点归纳 1.Hello, Gina.Good morning.嗨，吉娜。早上好。英文中常用的问候语及其回答：－Hello.－Hello.―Hi.―Hi.―Good morning.―Good morning.―Good afternoon.―Good afternoon.―Good evening.―Good evening.―Good night.―Good night.晚安。（晚上分别时）―How do you do? 你好。（初次见面时互相问好）―How do you do? 你好。―How are you? 你好吗？（已相识者问对方好？）―Fine, thank you.好，谢谢。2.Sorry, I’m late.对不起，我迟到了。sorry “对不起” 用于引出某一过错。Excuse me.“对不起” 用于引起对方的注意。例如： 1）I’m sorry I can’t speak English.对不起，我不会说英语。2）Excuse me, is this your backpack?打扰一下，这是你的背包吗？ 3.Nice to meet you!很高兴认识你！--Nice to meet you,too!4.What’s this in English? 这个用英语怎么说？ 1)同义句：What’s the English for this? 2)用什么语言，介词用in: “in + 某种语言”.例如： in English 用英语 in Chinese 用汉语 in Japanese 用日语 5.Let’s learn English.让我们学英语。

（一）let’s = let us 让我们Let’s learn English.让我们学习英语吧。= Why not learn English?为什么不学习英语呢？= What/How about learning English? 学习英语怎么样？

（二）let sb.do sth.让某人做某事 例如：Let me play the guitar.注意：1）let sb.do sth.中的sb.若是代词要用宾格形式。Let she sing an English song.(×)Let her sing an English song.(√)2）let sb.do sth..中的sb.即使是第三人称单数后面的动词仍用原形，例如： Let him plays soccer.(×)Let him play soccer.(√)3）learn from 向……学习, 例如：Let us learn from Lei Feng.让我们向雷锋学习。4)learn to do sth..学会干某事 例如： He learns to speak a little French.他学会说一点法语。6.What color is this sweater? 这个毛衣是什么颜色？ 1)对颜色提问的两种方法：What color …? = What’s the color of …? 例如： What color is your sweater? = What’s the color of your sweater?你的毛衣是什么颜色？ What color are these pants? 这些裤子是什么颜色？ 2)color是可数名词，例如：I don’t like these colors.我不喜欢这些颜色。7.What’s your name? 你叫什么名字？ 1)对姓名的几种提问及回答： What’s your name? = May I have/know your name? My name is … = I’m … 2)姓氏：family name / last name 名字： first name 全名：full name 8.Is this your dictionary? 这是你的字典吗？ 答：Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t.例如： Is that your brother’s backpack?--Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t.9.Call John at 495-3539.给约翰打电话495-3539。Please call Gina, her phone number is 2684753.=Please call Gina at 2684753.10.Thanks for the photo of your family.感谢你的全家福照片。1)Thanks.= Thank you.(√)感谢你。2)Thanks for + sth./doing sth.为……而感谢你。例如： Thanks for your help.=Thanks for helping me.感谢你的帮助。3)the photo of your family=your family photo你的全家福照片

11.Here is my family photo.这是我的全家福照片。1)倒装句式：副词＋谓语＋主语（名词）Here is your letter.这是你的信。介词短语＋谓语＋主语（名词）On the dresser is my photo.介词＋主语（代词）＋谓语 Here you are.给你。2)Here is/ are....常用于把某物递给说话的对象 This is....也表示“这是……。”但通常用于介绍； 12.Please take these things to your brother.请把这些东西带给你弟弟。take, bring, carry 和get的区别： 1)take “带走”，从近处带到远处，例如： Please take these books to your home after school.放学后把这些书带回你的家。bring “带来”，从远处带来，例如：Please bring me some books.请给我带些书来。2)get “去拿来”，相当于go and bring，例如： Can I get my pen?我可以去把我的钢笔拿来吗？ 3)carry ”搬动”，无方向，Can you help me carry this case?能帮我搬这个箱子吗？ 13.I need my hat, my ID card, my notebook and my pencils.我需要我的帽子，身份证，笔记本和铅笔。need v.需要 1)need ＋ sth./sb.“需要…” 例如：She really needs these books.她真的需要这些书。2)need to do sth.“需要做……” 例如：I need to listen to some relaxing music.我需要听一些令人放松的音乐。14.There are some books in the bookcase.书柜里有些书。There be 句型 1）构成及意义There be + n.+ 某处.在某处有什么。例如：There is an alarm clock on the dresser.梳妆台上有一个闹钟。There are some keys in the drawer.抽屉里有一些钥匙。2)否定式 例如：There isn’t a baseball on the floor.地上没有一个棒球。There aren’t any books in the bookcase.书柜里没有一些书。3)疑问句及回答例如：Is there an alarm clock on the dresser?.梳妆台上有一个闹钟吗？Yes ,there is.是的，有。No, there isn’t.不，没有。4）There be句型的就近原则：若有两个或两个以上的主语是，谓语常与靠近它的那个主语一致。例如：There is a book, two pens and some cups on the table.There are two pens, some cups and a book on the table.5)变疑问句或否定句时，应将原句中的some改为any。

第五篇：英语知识点与语法总结

英语知识点与语法总结 必修1 核心单词 1.add vt.& vi.增加；加；加起来；补充说； 又说 常用结构：

add to增添；增加；增进

add...to...把……增添到…… add up合计，相加

add up to总数为；总计为

He added some wood to increase the fire.他添了一些木柴，使火更旺些。

If you add 4 to 3 you get 7.四加三得七。Unit 1 Friendship Page No.11 Page No.12 ①解析：选C。考查动词辨析。句意为：我要说的就是这些，约翰你还有什么要补充的吗？ ②解析：选D。add to的意思是―添加到‖。2.upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的

vt.(upset, upset)使不安；使心烦；打翻；打乱 联想拓展

be upset by...被…… 打乱

upset oneself about sth.为某事烦恼

Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit.她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。

Don‘t upset yourself — no harm has been done.不要难过——并没有造成任何伤害。He was horribly upset over her illness.他为她的病而忧心忡忡。

The students really upset her.学生们着实让她烦恼。

高手过招

用upset的适当形式填空（原创）①The food

my stomach.②She felt rather

on hearing the news.③Is it an

message? ④Don‘t be

.It will be OK.①upset ②upset ③upsetting ④upset 3.ignore vt.不理睬；忽视

I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely.我向她打招呼，可是她根本不理我。He ignored the speed limit and drove very fast.他不顾时速限制，把车开得飞快。联想拓展

ignorant adj.(对某事物）不了解的；无知的；无学识的 be ignorant of/about sth.不知道；没有意识到 ignorance n.无知；愚昧；不知道

be in ignorance of/about sth.不知道某事

易混辨析

ignore/neglect/overlook ignore 通常指有意不顾，或不理会显而易见的事物。neglect 侧重指有意的忽略或忽视，也可指粗心与疏忽。overlook指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。高手过招

（1）用ignore/neglect/overlook的适当形式填空（原创）①We could not afford to

such a serious offence.②He utterly

my warnings and met with an accident.③Don‘t

to pay him a visit now and then.(1)①overlook ②ignored ③neglect（2）单项填空

—So you didn‘t say hello to him last night?

—Well, I stopped and smiled when I saw him, but he

me and walked on.模）

A.Ignored

B.refused

C.denied

D.missed Page No.15(2)解析：选A。答句句意为：我看到他就停下来冲他微笑，但是 他没理我就走了。ignore不理睬，忽视；refuse拒绝；deny否认，拒绝给予；miss怀念，错过。4.concern n.［U］关心，担心，担忧；［C］有利害关系的事

vt.涉及，关系到，参与；使担心 联想拓展

concerning

prep.关于

concerned

adj.有关的；担心的 concern sb.与某人有关

be concerned with sth.牵涉，与……有关；参与 concern oneself with 关心

be concerned about/for/over sth.担心；关心某事

as/so far as...be concerned关于；至于；就……而言 As far as I am concerned, you can go wherever you want.就我而言，你什么时候走都行。

We read stories concerning visitors from outer space.我们读了关于天外来客的故事。

I was very concerned about my mother‘s illness.我很担心母亲的病情。

2010·杭州一（高手过招

（1）单项填空

The meeting was concerned

reforms and everyone present was concerned

their own interests.（2010·福建厦门双十中学检测）

A.with;for B.for;which C.for;about

D.about;with（2）用concern的适当形式填空（原创）①There is an article that

the rise of the prices.②The children are rather

about their mother‘s health.③Officials should

themselves

public affairs.(1)解析：选A。句意为：这次会议牵涉到改革，在场的每个人都很担心自己的利益。be concerned with 牵涉到,和……有关；be concerned for/about

担心；关心。(2)①concerns ②concerned ③concern；with 5.settle vi.安家；定居；停留 vt.使定居；安排；解决

Both wanted to settle their scores.双方都愿意尽弃前嫌。常用结构：

settle down 镇定下来 settle in 在……定居

He settled his child in a corner of the compartment.他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。The family has settled in Canada.这家人已定居加拿大。Page No.18 高手过招 单项填空 ①—Do you know anyone in Paris? —No.I‘ll make friends once.（2010·福建厦门六中检测）A.I‘m settled

B.I have settled C.I‘ll be settled

D.I‘m settling ②The brake of your bicycle has come loose.You‘d better it.（2010·陕西西安交大附中）A.settle

B.fix C.pick

D.correct ①解析：选A。settle作―安家‖讲时，既可用settle，也可用be settled。本题是由once(一旦)引起的时间状语从句，故用一般现在时表将来。②解析：选B。由句意可知，因为自行车的车闸坏了，因此要―修理‖。Page No.19 6.suffer vt.遭受；忍受；蒙受

vi.后接from/for意为―受……之苦‖，―患……疾病‖ 常用结构：

suffer an attack/a defeat/losses/pains 遭受打击/失败/损失/痛苦 He suffered hard pains from the accident.他忍受着事故带来的痛苦。

Do you suffer from headaches? 你经常头痛吗?

She‘s suffering from loss of memory.她患有遗忘症。联想拓展

sufferer n.受苦者，受难者 suffering n.痛苦，苦难

Page No.20 高手过招

（1）单项填空

In the countryside there are many dropouts(辍学者).I think the poor economic conditions.（2010·浙江嘉兴一轮检测）

A.lies in

B.result in C.leads to

D.suffers from（2）翻译句子

我们在金融危机中损失惨重。

(1)解析：选A。考查短语辨析。lie in在这里相当于because of。(2)We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.Page No.21 重点短语 7.go through 经历；经受；检查；浏览；用完；做完 The country has gone through too many wars.这个国家经历了太多的战争。

She‘s gone through a bad patch recently.她最近经历了一段困难时期。

Have you gone through all your money already? 你把所有的钱都花完了吗？

I went through the students‘ papers last night.昨晚我仔细阅读了学生的试卷。联想拓展

go after追求；追赶

go ahead 前进；请说（做）吧 go by走过；（时间）过去 go along with向前；（与......)一起去 go in for爱好；从事 Page No.22 go out 外出；（灯，火）熄灭 go over 越过；复习

go through with 做完；完成go up 爬上；（价格等）上升 高手过招 单项填空 ①We‘d better try to

with the experiment, I think.Now let‘s

the difficulty

with it.（2010·河南许昌一模）

A.go through;go on

B.go on;go over C.go over;go through

D.go on;go through ②If a person has taken too much medicine by mistake, you should make the person

.（2010·平顶山一中月考）

A.go up

B.rise up C.throw up

D.set up Page No.23 ①解析：选A。go through with sth.意思是―做完，完成‖；go on with 意思是―继续‖。②解析：选C。throw up的意思是―呕吐；吐出‖。8.get sth.done 让别人做某事/使得某事被做

done是过去分词作宾语补足语，与have sth.done句型的用法一样。get sb./sth.doing使某人/某事物……起来 get sb.to do sth.使/让某人做某事

get done（状态的改变）get作系动词，相当于be get away逃脱；离开 get back回来；取回 get by维持生活；通过

get down to sth./doing sth.开始认真做某事 get in进站；到达；收集 get off下来；下车

get on上车；进展；进步 Page No.24 get cross(对……)生气，发脾气 get in one‘s way挡路，妨碍 get used to doing sth.习惯做某事 get involved in涉及

get in touch with和……取得联系 get it了解，懂得，明白 高手过招

（1）单项填空

The final examination is coming up soon.It‘s time for us to

our studies.焦作一中月考）

A.get down to

B.get out C.get back for

D.get over（2）完成句子（原创）①讲解后，老师让我们思考起问题来。

Shortly after the explanation the teacher got us

.Page No.25 ②我们将很快为你订制一套新衣服。

We will get a new suit

for you.③她试图使他说话。

She tried to get him

.2010·河南（(1)解析：选A。该题根据交际情景考查短语动词的用法。根据题意，此处指开始认真学习，故选A。get down to开始认真考虑，符合题意。get out出去，离开，逃脱，泄露；get back for回来，恢复；get over爬过；克服，熬过；恢复，原谅。故B、C、D三项均不符合题意。(2)①thinking ②made ③to talk 9.set down 放下；记下；登记

Passengers may be set down and picked up only at the official stops.乘客只有在正式车站方可上下车。Page No.26 联想拓展

set about(doing sth.)着手（做某事）set out(to do sth.)开始，着手(做某事)set aside留出；不顾

set back（把钟等）往回拨；推迟 set free释放；解放

set off动身，出发（去某地）；使爆炸 set out动身，出发；安排，组织 set up开办；建立；设立 set an example to树立榜样

set fire to...= set...on fire纵火烧 be set in以……为背景

The bad weather set back the building programme by several weeks.由于天气恶劣，建筑计划延误了好几个星期。We need to set about finding a solution.我们得着手寻找一个解决办法。Page No.27 温馨提示

set about 和set out都可作―开始/着手做某事‖讲，但set about 后加doing sth.，加 to do sth.。

高手过招 单项填空

As soon as he got to the office, he the students‘ papers.（2010·山东济南一中月考）A.got down to correct B.got down to correcting C.set down to correcting D.sit down to correcting

解析：选B。get down to意思是―着手做某事‖，其中to是介词，后跟名词或动名词。

Page No.28 10.on purpose 故意

The boy broke Jack‘s window on purpose.He wanted to frighten Jack.那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克。

而set out后 联想拓展

purpose n.目的，用途；目标；重要意义 for the purpose of 为了……

to little/no purpose 作用不大/徒劳

The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university.这本书的目的是全面介绍这所大学。高手过招

用purpose的适当形式或短语填空（原创）①He didn‘t do it

.②What was your

? ①on purpose ②purpose Page No.29 11.join in 参加；加入

They didn‘t have enough time to join in the activity.他们没有足够的时间来参加这个活动。联想拓展

join sb.in sth.与某人一起做某事 join up入伍；参军

join up with sb.与某人联合；会合

join hands with sb.与某人拉起手来；合伙；联合

Will you join me in a walk? 你愿意和我一起散步吗？ Let us join hands in friendship.让我们携手共建友谊吧。Page No.30 易混辨析

join in/join/take part in/attend join in 参加正在进行着的活动。如游戏、讨论、辩论、谈话等。join ①参加某组织或团体，并成为其中一员;②来和某人待在一起。

take part in 参加会议或有组织的群众性活动，并在其中发挥一定的作用。

attend 正式用语，指参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学、听报告等，句子的主语是去听去看，自己不一定起积极作用，相当于be present。高手过招

用join/join in/take part in/attend的适当形式填空（原创）①I decided to

the club to have dance training.②Would you like me

to the game? ③I

a meeting last month.④I will have to

his funeral next week.①join ②join in ③took part in/attended ④attend Page No.31 重点句型

12....but your friend can‘t go until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle.……但是你的朋友不把自行车弄干净不能走。

not...until 意为―直到……才‖，表示主句谓语的动作直到until状语的时间才发生，主句的谓语动词表示的是动作的开始。until引导从句时，如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动作，则主句用肯定式；如果主句中的谓语动词是短暂性动词，则用否定形式。

―It is/was not until+被强调的部分+that...‖相当于―Not until...did(does, do, is...)+主语...‖意为―直到……才‖，是强调形式。

You must stay in bed until your temperature is normal.体温正常后，你才能起床。

He didn‘t leave until the meeting was over.直到会议结束他才离开。Page No.32 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star.=Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star.=I didn‘t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位电影明星。高手过招 单项填空 ①Not until

，settle the problem.（2010·潍坊一轮验收）A.he returns;can we

B.he returns;we can

C.does he returns;we can

D.does he return;we can ②It was

back home after the experiment.A.not until midnight did he go B.until midnight that he didn‘t go C.not until midnight that he went D.until midnight when he didn‘t go Page No.33 ①解析：选A。当not until位于句首时句子需倒装。句意为：直到他回来我们才能解决这个问题。②解析：选C。强调句型It is/was...that对not until...进行强调时，需把not until...放到强调结构中，故选C。

13.While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗的时候，你太大意了，一松手，狗就被车撞了。

while walking the dog是连词while加现在分词短语结构，强调分词的动作正在发生，相当于while you were walking the dog。

在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致，谓语含有系动词be，可以省略从句的主语和系动词be。

When crossing the street, you should be careful.过马路时，你应当小心。

If heated, water can be turned into vapour.如果受热，水会变成蒸气。Page No.34 温馨提示

在状语从句中，如果从句的主语为it时，也可以将it和助动词be省略。

Whenever possible they would stop him and ask the three questions.可能的话，他们就让他停下问他这三个问题。高手过招 单项填空 ①

with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.（2010·山东莱州检测）

A.Compares

B.When comparing C.Comparing

D.When compared ②

the two systems, little man found the latter advantageous.(原创)A.Compare

B.When compared C.Compared

D.When comparing Page No.35 ①解析：选D。考查状语从句的省略用法。在状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语相同或者主语为it时，可以将从句中的主语或者it和助动词be省略。本句是将状语从句―When it is compared with the size of the whole earth‖中的it is省略，因此正确答案为D。②解析：选D。考点省略。在状语从句中，当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，通常采用省略形式。句中的little man与compare之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故选D。

14.I wonder if it‘s because I haven‘t been able to be outdoors for so long that I‘ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。

此句中的it‘s...that是强调句型。关于强调句型，我们需要掌握以下几点： Page No.36（1）强调句型的基本结构：

―It is/was+被强调的成分+that/who+其他成分‖用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分。that只起连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。当被强调部分为sb.作宾语时，可用who,也可用that,其他情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语在人称与数上保持一致。

（2）特殊句式中的强调句型： ①如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示―到底‖、―究竟‖等语气时，就用如下结构： ―特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+该句的其余部分‖，that/who后只能使用陈述语序。②在―not...until‖结构中，由until所引导的短语（或从句）作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：―It+is/was+not until...+that+该句的其余部分‖，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。

Page No.37（3）强调句型要注意和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。判断是否是强调句，可采用―还原法‖。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成分完整，则是强调句，否则不是。It was three o‘clock when I got home.我到家的时候三点。

It was at three o‘clock that I got home.三点钟我到的家。

It was in his town that he was brought up.他是在镇上被养大的。（强调句）

It was this town where/in which he was brought up.这是他被抚养长大的城镇。（定语从句）

（4）英语中常用助动词do, does或did强调谓语。He did go to the airport yesterday, but he didn‘t find you.他昨天确实去了机场，但他没有找到你。Page No.38 It is I that/who am going for a holiday with Mary.是我跟玛丽一块儿去度假。

When is it that we will have a meeting? 我们什么时候开会？ 高手过招 单项填空

It is in that poor village，Mary lived and worked 15 years ago，she will build her first school, which inspires everyone to help her.（原创）A.where;when

B.that;that C.that;when

D.where;that 解析：选D。句意为：就是在那个她生活和工作了15年的贫穷的村庄，玛丽将要建起她的第一座学校，这一点鼓舞了人们来帮她。第一空为where引导的非限制性定语从句，第二空填that,构成强调句型，强调地点状语。

Page No.39 15.I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do...我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账……

as引导的从句为比较状语从句，意为―像大多数人那么做‖。as 用作连词，可引导下列状语从句： ①引导时间状语从句，强调主句谓语与从句谓语的同时性； ②引导让步状语从句，表示―尽管，虽然，即使‖（从句需倒装）； ③引导方式状语从句，表示―以……方式‖； ④引导原因状语从句(=since;because)，意为―由于，因为‖； ⑤引导比较状语从句。

As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.随着他年纪越来越大，他失去了对所有事物的兴趣，除了园艺。Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt.尽管天气冷，我哥哥只穿了一件衬衫。Page No.40 Why didn't you take the medicine as I told you to? 为什么你没有按我说的来服这种药？ As you were not there, I left a message.因为当时你不在那，所以我给你留了便条。She is as tall as you.她和你一样高。高手过招 单项填空 ①

as he is, he speaks English well.（2010·山西太原一中月考）A.Little child

B.A little child C.The little child

D.Child little ②In some countries，are called ―public schools‖ are not owned by the public.（2010·11·江西新余一中质量检测）

A.which

B.as

C.what

D.that Page No.41 ①解析：选B。在让步状语从句中，作表语的名词如果提前，该名词常省去冠词，但若名词前有修饰语时，就不省略冠词。②解析：选C。考查what引导的主语从句。what在主语从句中作主语。句意为：在许多国家，所谓的公立学校并非公众拥有。

16....it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...……这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……

如果前面是―it(will be)is/this(will be)is/that(will be)is+the first/second time that...‖句式，表示―某人第几次做某事‖。其中,that引导的是定语从句，后面句子的时态用现在完成时；如果前面是it(would be)was..., 后面则用过去完成时。It is the first time that I have come to Zhuhai.这是我第一次来珠海。

It was the second time that she had visited London.那是她第二次游览伦敦。Page No.42 温馨提示

如果time前有last修饰，此时我们一般不用完成时态。

注意：the first time可起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句；for the first time意为―第一次‖单独用作状语。

This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.这是我最后一次给你们上课了。

高手过招(1)单项填空 ①It's the third time

late this week.（原创）A.that you are

B.you are C.when you arrived

D.that you have been ②It was for the first time that he

to the party.A.Invited

B.had been invited C.has been invited

D.was invited(2)翻译句子（原创）

This will be the second time that I have been to the Great Wall.Page No.43（1）①解析：选D。―It is the +序数词+time+ that从句‖为固定句型，从句谓语动词必须用现在完成时。②解析：选D。it was...that是强调结构，句中强调状语―for the first time‖故选D。（2）这将会是我第二次去长城。Page No.44 Unit 2 English around the world 核心单词 1.command n.& vt.命令；指令；掌握

The officer commanded his soldiers to fire.那名军官命令士兵们开火。

A general is a man who commands a large number of soldiers.将军是统率众多士兵的人。常用结构：

at/ by sb‘s command 听某人支配 take command of

控制 in command of

指挥着 Page No.45 under one‘s command 由某人的指挥

under the command of sb.在某人的指挥下

command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事

command(=order)that...命令……（从句用虚拟语气，即should+ do 形式，should可省略）联想拓展

commander n.指挥官

高手过招

用适当的介词填空（原创）①For the first time in years, she felt she was

command of her life.②The army is

the king‘s direct command.③The police arrived and took command

the situation.①in ②under/at/by ③of Page No.46 2.request vt.&n.请求；恳求；要求 常用结构：

request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事 request sth.from/of sb.向某人要求某物

request that sb.(should)do sth.要求某人做某事 make a request/requests 发出请求

at the request of sb.＝at sb.‘s request依照某人的请求 易混辨析

request/demand/require request表示―有礼貌的请求；正式的请求‖。

demand表示―有正当权利的要求‖，因此含有―坚决或强烈要求‖的意思。

require表示―要求所必须的东西；法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求‖。但它们也有不同之处： Page No.47 ①require和request都可以接宾语+to do sth.结构，而demand没有此种用法。但可以说demand of sb.to do sth.②require+动名词时，主动形式的动名词具有被动意义，而demand，request无此种用法。They are demanding higher wages.他们要求提高工资。

Do you require anything else? 你还要求（需要）别的吗？

Many people have requested this next song.许多人要求听下面这首歌。

They required me to keep silent.他们要求我保持沉默。The letter requested us to leave the house within six weeks.这封信要求我们六周内搬出这所房子。温馨提示

以上三个词的共同点是：从语法上看，request和demand，require都可以接that引导的宾语从句，并且在从句中要使用虚拟语气。

Page No.48 高手过招 单项填空 ①One of the requirements for a fire is that the material

to its burning temperature.（2010·陕西师大附中月考）

A.be heated

B.is heated C.would be heated

D.do heat ②—Why were you late for such an important concert? —The plane arrived at the airport after a

of three hours.（2010·陕西商洛一轮检测）

A.delay

B.rest

C.tour

D.request ①解析：选A。如同require, demand, order, suggest, advise, insist, request等动词要求其后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气一样，它们所对应的名词的同位语从句和表语从句也要求使用虚拟语气，即：should+动词原形。故选A。②解析：选A。上句询问―迟到的原因‖，因此下句中的名词应是与―迟到‖意义有关的名词，所以只能选择―延误‖。Page No.49 3.recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认 常用结构：

recognize sb.认出某人

recognize one‘s voice听出某人的声音 recognize...as...认定；承认……为……

recognize sb./sth....to be...认为某人/某事物是…… recognize that...承认……

When he walked out of the station, I recognized him immediately.当他从车站里走出来时，我立刻认出了他。

Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir.大家都承认他为合法继承人。Page No.50 高手过招 单项填空

—Oh, it‘s you!I

you.—I have just had my hair cut, and I‘m wearing new glasses.（2010·山东淄博六中检测）

A.hadn‘t recognized

B.haven‘t recognized C.didn‘t recognize

D.don‘t recognize

解析：选C。前句的句意为：哦，是你呀！我刚才没有认出你来。所以要用一般过去时。

4.direction n.［C］ 方向；方面;［U］指导；指挥 常用结构：

in the direction of 朝……的方向(=towards)in sb‘s direction 朝某人的方向(=towards sb.)under one‘s direction 在……指导下(=under the direction of sb.)Page No.51 Tom went off in one direction and Jack in another.汤姆往一个方向走，杰克往另外一个方向走。

Reforms are needed in many directions.许多方面都需要改革。He is walking in the direction of the police station.他正朝警察局的方向走去。

He glanced in her direction and their eyes met.他朝她这个方向一看，俩人的眼睛相遇了。

The singing group is under the direction of Mr Lee.合唱团由李先生指挥。温馨提示

direction意为―指示；指引；用法说明‖等，通常要用复数形式。注意：表示邮件上的―姓名地址‖时，也用复数形式。Follow the directions on the medicine bottle.请按药瓶上的说明服药。

Page No.52 高手过招

（1）单项填空

Those who learn theory must develop

the direction of practice.（2010·山东枣庄一轮验收）

A.to

B.on

C.in

D.for（2）完成句子（原创）①I gave Mary full

(地址)to enable her to find the post office.②He did the work

(在我的指导下).（1）解析：选C。in the direction of为固定搭配，意为―朝……方向‖。注意不要用介词to。（2）①directions

②under my direction 重点短语

5.more than one 意为―不止一个‖，虽然在意义上表示复数，但作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数，与many a(许多)用法一样；如果more修饰复数可数名词再跟than one作主语时，其谓语动词则要用复数。Page No.53 More than one member has protested against the proposal.不止一个成员反对这个建议。

More than one person has been concerned in this.这里面涉及的不仅是一个人。

More persons than one have been involved.涉及的不仅仅是一个人。联想拓展 ―more than+ adj.‖意为―很；非常‖。

在―more...than...‖中，肯定―more‖后面的，而否定―than‖后面的，意为―是……而不是……‖或者―与其……不如……‖。

―more than...can/could‖是英语里的一个常见结构，可把more than理解为not,表示否定，该结构意为―非……所能……；是……所不能……；不是……所能……‖。more often than not 经常；往往

In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments.做科学实验时，对待仪器必须非常小心才行。Page No.54 If you tell your father what you have done, he will be more than a little angry.如果你把所做的事情告诉你父亲，他会非常生气的。Catherine is more diligent than intelligent.与其说凯瑟琳聪明，不如说她勤奋。

高手过招

完成句子（原创）①当我的老朋友布莱恩怂恿我抽一支烟时，我可再也熬不住了。

When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was

.②可能的解释不止一个。There is

.①more than I could bear ②more than one possible explanation Page No.55 6.because of 因为；由于是介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词及what从句。She got hurt because of what you‘d said.她因为你的话而受到伤害。

due to 意为―由于‖常作表语，也作后置定语和状语。thanks to意为―多亏；由于‖只作状语。owing to意为―由于‖常作状语。as a result of意为―由于‖作状语。易混辨析

because/as/since/for because表示直接原因，语气最强。回答why提出的问题只能用because。在强调句型中，也只能用because。

as用于解释做某事的原因，语气较弱，通常位于主句前。

since表示的原因是指人们已知的事实，常意为―既然‖。语气比because弱，但比as强。通常位于主句前，并常与as换用。

for并列连词，连接并列分句，表示一种补充说明，是推测或判断的理由，语气较弱，不可位于主句前。有时可表示直接原因，相当于because。

Page No.56 高手过招 单项填空

①People crowded on the road and could not go forward

the traffic accident some cars had made.（2010·山西太原五中检测）

A.with

B.since C.because of

D.because ②People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her.,she is a great musician.（2010·陕西西安二中检测）

A.After all

B.As a result C.In other words

D.As usual ①解析：选C。考查表示―原因‖的几个词的用法。since与because都是连词，连接句子，with表示原因时，前面多是形容词。如His face was red with cold.他的脸冻得通红。because of为介词短语，后跟名词或动名词短语，故选C。②解析：选A。after all毕竟；as a result结果；in other words换句话说；as usual照例。根据题意选择A。Page No.57 7.come up 走近；上来；提出

The little boy came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。

We won‘t forget the day when we watched the sun come up on top of the Tai Mountain.我们不会忘记一同在泰山顶看日出的那天。

It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。The snowdrops are just beginning to come up.雪莲花刚刚开始长出地面。

I am afraid something urgent has come up.恐怕发生了什么急事。Page No.58 联想拓展

come true

变成现实，成为现实 come across

邂逅 come about

发生

come at

向……扑来,攻击 come from

来自

come out

出版;开花；结果是 come up with

想出

come round

绕道而来；苏醒 come down

落下,塌下

come over

（从远处）来到；横过 come into use

开始使用 how come...?(表示理解)……怎么回事？ when it comes to sth.当涉及某事时

How come her French is so bad if she spent 5 years in pairs? 她在巴黎待了5年，但她的法语怎么这么糟糕。When it comes to getting things done, he is useless.一涉及到做事，他便不中用了。Page No.59 高手过招

（1）单项填空

They aren‘t afraid when they

the difficulties in their study.（2010·河南镇平质量检测）

A.come up

B.come to C.come about

D.come out（2）用come构成的短语填空（原创）①The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear

him.②The magazine

once a month.③I wish you can

to England on your holiday.④The engineers have

new ways of saving energy.⑤They

an old school friend in the street this morning.Page No.60（1）解析：选B。考查短语辨析。come to此处意为―涉及，提到‖；come about意为―产生‖，如:How did the difference between American English and British English come about? come up意为―到来，来到‖；come out意为―出来，长出，发芽‖。（2）①came at ②comes out ③come over ④come up with ⑤came across 8.such as

例如……；像这样的 易混辨析

such as/for example/that is/and so on such as用来列举事物。通常插在被举例的带有解释性质的事物与前面的需要进行解释的名词之间，意为―比如；诸如……之类的‖，可与 like 互换，as 后不能有逗号。

for example同for instance一样起到补充说明的作用，表明在众多的内容中仅取一两个例子，可放在举例之前或之后，意为―例如，举个例子‖。Page No.61 that is 是后面列举的事物的总量等于它前面所提到的总和，相当于namely。也用that is to say。

and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用and so on进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出。

Boys like to play balls, such as football and basketball.男孩子喜欢打球，比如足球和篮球。

Some students, Li Jun, for example, live in the country.有些学生，如李军，住在农村。

I have three good friends, that is, John, Jack and Tom.我有三个好朋友，即约翰、杰克和汤姆。

There are some books, pens, erasers and so on in my bag.我的书包里有书、笔、橡皮等。Page No.62 高手过招 单项填空

A lot of countries have gained excellent achievements in space technology, China，.（2010·安徽合肥八中检测）

A.such as

B.for example

C.namely

D.and so on 解析：选B。四个词中只有for example 位置灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末。

9.play a part(in)扮演一个角色；参与

She plays an active part in local politics.她积极参与地方政治活动。

She played a major part in the success of the scheme.她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。Page No.63 联想拓展

take part(in sth.)参加, 参与（某事）

the best part of sth.（某事物的）绝大部分（尤指一段时间）for the most part整体上;通常;多半 for my part就我来说 高手过招

翻译句子（原创）①有多少国家要参加（世界杯赛）？ ②对我来说, 到哪儿吃饭都无所谓。①How many countries will be taking part(in the World Cup)? ②For my part, I don‘t mind where we eat.Page No.64 重点句型

10.Which country do you think has the most English learners? 你觉得学英语最多的是哪个国家？

do you think/believe/expect/find/know/suppose 作为插入语，放在特殊疑问词后，其他内容紧跟其后并用陈述语序。

What time do you expect we will come and pick you up？ 你希望我们几点来接你？

What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news？ 你认为他听到那个好消息后会做什么呢？

Why do you think their team could win the football match? 你认为他们队为什么能赢得那场足球赛呢？ Page No.65 高手过招 单项填空

─

is the best football player in your city? ─Jerry.（2010·江苏盐城质量检测）A.Do you think who B.Do you think whom C.Who do you think D.Whom do you think 解析：选C。句中主要部分为who is the best football player in your city。插入语为do you think。11.Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，（世界上）没有什么标准英语。

(1)believe it or not在句中用作插入语，意为―信不信由你；我说的是真的‖。Page No.66 联想拓展

常用作插入语的还有： generally speaking一般来说 frankly speaking坦白地说 judging from...从……来判断

to tell you the truth说真的；老实说 to be honest说实在的

to make matters worse更糟糕的是 高手过招

单项填空 ①

, boys are stronger than girls.（2010·江苏徐州质量检测）

A.To speak generally

B.Generally to speak C.Generally speaking

D.Generally spoken ②

the hat he , the man is a soldier.（2010·浙江温州一模）

A.Judging from;is wearing C.To judge by;putting B.Judging by;is having on

D.Judged by;is putting Page No.67（1）①解析：选C。插入语generally speaking意为―一般来说‖是固定搭配，指常规。②解析：选A。judging from为固定搭配，在这里judging不与the man形成逻辑上的主动或被动关系。wear, have on, dress都有―穿，戴‖的意思，但搭配和意义不同。wear和have on都可以表示―穿着‖的状态，然而have on没有进行时态；dress可以作及物和不及物动词，作不及物动词的意思是―穿衣‖，作及物动词时宾语是人。(2）such上述一类的；诸如此类的 联想拓展

no such...as没有这样的…… such as例如

such...as...像……这样的…… such...that...这样……以至于…… 易混辨析

such...that.../such...as...在such...that...结构中，that是从属连词，引导结果状语从句，在从句中不作成分。Page No.68 在such...as...结构中，as是关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中常作宾语。

He is reading such a book as you borrowed from the library last week.他在读的书和你上周从图书馆借来的一样。（as是关系代词，引导定语从句）

He is reading such an interesting book that I want to borrow it.他在读的书这么有趣，我想借来读读。（that引导结果状语从句）

高手过招

单项填空 ①Exercise is

as any other to lose unwanted weight.（2010·四川成都六中检测）A.so useful a way

B.as a useful way C.as useful a way

D.such a useful way ②I suggest that we should take part in more such activities in future we did yesterday.（2010·江西南昌一中二模）

A.which

B.as

C.that

D.than Page No.69（2）①解析：选C。as...as结构中出现单数可数名词时，不定冠词和名词应放在形容词之后。so...as只用于否定句，故不能选A。②解析：选B。当先行词被such修饰时，关系代词用as。Page No.70 Unit 3 Travel journal 核心单词 1.persuade vt.说服；劝服；使相信(同convince)常用结构：

persuade sb.of sth.使某人相信某事 persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事

persuade sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事

persuade sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不要做某事 persuade sb.that-clause 使某人相信…… Page No.71 联想拓展

talk sb.into/out of doing sth.=reason sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事

trick sb.into/out of doing sth.诱使某人做/不做某事 urge sb.into/out of doing sth.怂恿某人做/不做某事

易混辨析

advise/persuade advise 强调―劝告，建议‖的动作，不注重结果；而persuade强调―已经说服‖，重在结果。用法上：advise可跟v.-ing形式作宾语，也可以接that-clause（that sb.should do）,而persuade则不能。

I persuaded him of its truth.我使他相信这是真的。

We will persuade him to take the medicine.我们将说服他把药吃下去。

We persuaded her into taking the job.我们说服她接受了这份工作。

Page No.72 I persuaded my father out of smoking.我劝服父亲戒了烟。

She persuaded me that death does not end all.她说服我相信了死并不能结束一切。

He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to.即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去了。

He advised that we(should)leave early.他建议我们早点出发。

高手过招 单项填空 ①Alice trusts you;only you can

her to give up the foolish idea.（2010·安徽合肥八中检测）

A.suggest

B.attract

C.tempt

D.persuade ②Mr Li no longer smokes now because his wife

him to give up smoking last year.（2010·江苏常州检测题）

A.suggested

B.advised C.persuaded

D.told Page No.73 ①解析：选D。句意为：爱丽丝信任你，唯有你能说服她放弃这种愚蠢的想法。persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事;suggest劝说、建议，后不接动词不定式;attract 吸引;tempt 诱惑，引诱，均不符题意。故选D项。②解析：选C。考查advise sb.to do sth.和persuade sb.to do sth.的区别。advise sb.to do sth.意思是―劝某人做某事‖，强调动作，尤其是表达―劝而不服‖时多用此结构；persuade sb.to do sth.意思是―劝服某人做某事‖，强调结果。2.determine

vt.(使)决定,决心要;确定 常用结构：

determine + n./ pron.决(确)定

determine to do sth.决定做某事(表示动作，是非延续性动词短语)determine on／upon...决定…… determine that／what...决定…… Page No.74 determine sb．to do sth.使某人决定做某事 determine sb.against sth.使某人决定不做某事

be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表示状态，可与表示时间段的状语连用)We determine to go to the railway station at once.我们决定立刻去火车站。

The court determined that the man was guilty of assault.法庭裁定那个人犯了侵犯人身罪。

That determined her against leaving home.那件事使她决定不离开家了。联想拓展 determined adj.坚决的，有决心的 determination n.决心

I was determined to make it as a jazz musician.我决定要成为一名爵士乐音乐家。

Page No.75 温馨提示

be determined to do与determine to do 意思基本一致，但前者表示状态，可与某段时间状语连用；后者表示动作，是非延续性的动词短语。类似的短语还有：prepare for／be prepared for，worry about／be worried about。这类结构常考查分词作状语的用法。高手过招 单项填空

He left school early and as an adolescent，to make his fortune in America.（2010·江苏城头中学一轮检测）

A.is determined

B.had be determined C.determined

D.determining 解析：选C。考查determine的用法。根据句意应使用be determined to结构，此处determined为形容词作伴随状语。Page No.76 3.insist

v.坚持；坚决要求

You can come back later, if you insist.如果你一定要坚持，就稍后再来吧。常用结构：

insist on/upon sth./(sb‘s)doing sth.坚持某事/要求（某人）做某事 insist that....(should)坚持……

I still insist on my viewpoint.我仍然坚持我的观点。He insisted on paying for the meal.他坚持要付饭钱。Mother insisted on our washing the clothes by ourselves.妈妈坚决要求我们自己洗衣服。温馨提示

insist当―坚决要求‖解时，后面的从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语部分用―should+动词原形‖或直接用动词原形；如果insist当―坚持（认为；说）‖解时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气。

Page No.77 高手过招 单项填空 ①The man insisted

a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.（原创）A.find

B.to find

C.on finding

D.in finding ②I advised that he

to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he

quite well then.（2010·山东寿光一中一轮检测）A.be sent;was feeling B.was sent;felt C.be sent;feel D.should be sent;should feel ①解析：选C。insist on doing sth.是习惯搭配，意为―坚持做某事‖。②解析：选A。advise引导宾语从句，从句中的谓语动词不管什么人称都应用should do;should也可以省去，只用动词原形表述事实。insist在此处意为―坚持认为‖。故选A。Page No.78 4.once 用法较多，意思也比较丰富，既可以用作连词，也可以用作副词。

once用作连词时，意为―一旦……就……‖，连接时间状语从句，相当于as soon as。

once用作副词时，意为―曾经；一度；从前‖。它是一个不确定的时间副词，其位置一般是在行为动词之前，系动词之后。

once用作副词，也可意为―一次‖。Once you start, you will never give up.一旦开始了，你就不要放弃。

Physics is easy to learn once you understand the rules.一旦你理解了规则，物理就不难学了。

Once he lived in America, but now he lives in England.他曾经居住在美国，但现在他生活在英国。

His song was once very popular among the young people.他的歌曾经在年轻人中很流行。Page No.79 The old professor comes to see us once a week.那个老教授一周来看我们一次。

Tell us the story once more.把那个故事再给我们讲一遍。联想拓展

at once 立刻；马上

once again再一次；又一次（相当于once more）all at once突然（相当于suddenly)once upon a time很早以前；从前

once in a while偶尔；间或once/as soon as once偏重于条件，而as soon as偏重于时间。

Once you see the film, you‘d never forget it(不宜用as soon as).你一旦看了这部电影，你就永远不会忘记它。

As soon as he got off the plane, we wanted to say hello to him(不宜用once).他一下飞机，我们就想向他打招呼。

Page No.80 高手过招 单项填空 ①

environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem(生态系统)to recover.（原创）

A.Even if

B.If only

C.While

D.Once ②

you understand this rule, you‘ll have no further difficulty.（2010·山东烟台质量检测）

A.Once

B.Unless

C.As

D.Until ①解析：选D。句子为once引导的时间状语从句，意为―一旦；一……就……‖。句意为：一旦环境遭到损害，就需要许多年才能使生态系统恢复。even if引导让步状语从句，意为―尽管‖。if only意为―要是……就好了‖，引导从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气。while意为―当……的时候‖，引导从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。故选D。②解析：选A。考查由once引导的时间状语从句，意为―一旦‖。句意为：一旦明白了这条规则，就再也没有困难了。Page No.81 5.view

n.风景；视野；观点；见解

vt.观看；注视；考虑

The house has a view over the sea.这座房子面向大海，视野开阔。

What is your view on school punishments? 你对学校的处罚有什么看法？

The plan was viewed favorably.这项计划是受到称赞的。联想拓展

in one‘s view

在某人看来

come into view

进入视野，看得见 in full view(of sb./sth.)完全看得见 in view of sth.鉴于，考虑到，由于

with a view to sth.／to doing sth.为了，指望

Several possible buyers have come to view the house.几个可能是买主的人来看过房子。

Page No.82 高手过招 单项填空

On the top of this mountain, you can get a wonderful

of the nearby hills.原五中检测）

sight

B.view

C.distance

D.look 解析：选B。get a view of为固定搭配，意为―看到……的景象‖。

重点短语 6.care about 关心；担心；在乎；喜欢

I really care about my work.我真的关心我的工作。联想拓展

care for 喜爱；照顾；重视

take care 当心

take care of 照料;关怀;处理 under the care of 由……管理, 在……的照料下, 在……的保护下 Page No.83 with care 小心, 慎重

She doesn‘t care for that colour．她不喜欢那种颜色。

He spent years caring for his sick mother． 他数年里一直在照顾生病的母亲。

2010·山西太（I do care for what my teacher says.我的确尊重老师说的话。高手过招

（1）单项填空

That old man is so greedy(贪婪的)that he

nothing but money, not even his relatives.（原创）

A.look about

B.search for C.cares about

D.takes care of（2）完成句子（原创）①他一点也不关心别人，只想着自己。

He doesn‘t care

other people at all;he is always thinking of himself.②爱因斯坦对金钱不感兴趣，对薪水也不计较。

Einstein who cared little

money never cared

his salary.Page No.84(1)解析：选C。考查短语辨析。look about到处看；search for寻找，相当于look for；care about关心；在乎；take care of照料。(2)①about②for;about 7.change one‘s mind 改变主意

Maybe you‘ll change your mind after thinking it over.也许你仔细考虑之后会改变主意。联想拓展

make up one‘s mind(to do)下定决心（做某事）have a/no mind to do

有/无意做…… lose one‘s mind 失去理智

read one‘s mind 看出某人的心思 speak one‘s mind 直言不讳

be of the same mind 意见一致

be in/of two minds 拿不定主意 give one‘s mind to 注意…… keep one‘s mind on 专心于…… Page No.85 take one‘s mind off sth.转移某人的注意

bear/keep sth.in mind 记住某事 bring/call sth.to mind 回忆某事

put one‘s mind to sth.全神贯注于某事

I have made up my mind to leave, and nothing you say will change it.我已经下定决心要离开，不管你说什么我都不会改变主意了。①I‘ve made up my mind to be a doctor.②Nothing will make me change my mind.Page No.86 8.give in

屈服，让步，投降；上交 联想拓展 give in(to sb./sth.)向……让步

give up sth./doing

放弃（做）某事

give away 赠送；泄露

give back 归还；恢复

give off

放出，散发(光、热、烟、气味等)give out分配；分发；发布；（食物，燃料，电力等）被用光；筋疲力尽

Seeing that he could not persuade me, he had to give in(to my view).由于无法说服我，他不得不让步。

Our food supply at last gives out.我们的食物终于用完了。His strength gave out.他已筋疲力尽。

Page No.87 高手过招 单项填空

It is always the husband who

first when a quarrel breaks out between the young couple.（2010·山东聊城检测）

A.give away

B.gives out

C.gives in

D.gives off 解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：当年轻夫妻之间发生争吵时，最先让步的总是丈夫。give away 赠送，泄露，出卖；give out 分发，用完，消耗尽；give in 投降，屈服，让步；give off 放出，散发出。重点句型

9.Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train? 汽车和火车，你更喜欢使用哪种交通方式？

prefer to do(rather than do)意为―宁可；宁愿（表选择）‖或者―更喜欢做某事‖。其本身带有like better的含义，所以不能再与表示程度的better或more连用。Page No.88 联想拓展

prefer sth.喜欢某事/物

prefer doing sth.更喜欢做某事

prefer+to do sth.（表示特定场合下）更喜欢做某事 prefer sb.to do sth.宁愿某人做某事 prefer A to B/prefer doing A to doing B 宁愿……而不愿……

prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不愿做B prefer + that-clause(虚拟语气)+(should)+do 喜欢做某事

Do you prefer cooking for yourself or eating in a restaurant? 你是喜欢自己做饭还是下馆子？

Their father prefers them to be home early.他们的父亲宁愿他们早点回家。

I prefer writing a term paper to taking an examination.我宁愿写一篇学术论文也不愿参加考试。Page No.89 He preferred to die rather than become a traitor.他宁死也不做叛徒。Would you prefer that I（should）come on Monday instead of on Tuesday? 你宁愿让我星期一来而不是星期二来吗？

高手过招 单项填空

My sister

singing

dancing while I dance sing.（原创）A.prefers;to;would rather;than B.would rather;than;prefer;to

C.prefers;rather than;would rather;to D.would rather;to;prefer;to 解析：选A。考查固定搭配。prefer的搭配是prefer to do rather than do或prefer doing to doing；would rather的搭配是would rather do than do或would do rather than do，因此A项正确。

Page No.90 10.When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难，而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。―...the air would be hard to breathe...‖是―主语+系动词+形容词+不定式‖结构，其中不定式的谓语与主语在意义上是动宾关系，但要用主动形式表示被动意义，不定式后面如果是不及物动词要在其后加适当的介词与主语构成动宾关系。这一类的形容词通常可以描绘主语的情绪、态度、品质属性或者难易程度，如hard, difficult, easy, nice, interesting, important, pleasant和comfortable等。

Your writing is impossible to read.你写的字太难辨认了。Do you think the water is safe to drink? 你认为这水喝起来安全吗？

The chair looks rather hard, but it is very comfortable to sit on.这把椅子看上去很硬，但坐起来很舒服。Page No.91 高手过招

完成句子（原创）①有时候她很不容易理解。

She was difficult

at times.②他是唯一一个被授予这种荣誉的外国人。

He was the only foreigner

such an honour.①to understand

②to be given 11.A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.有决心的人总是努力完成工作，不管它有多么难。

no matter how...引导让步状语从句，意为―无论多么……‖，how后跟形容词或副词，相当于―however + adj./adv.‖句式。联想拓展

no matter意为―无论；不管‖时，引导让步状语从句，常用于下列句型中：no matter what(who/when etc.)...分别表示―无论何事‖、―无论何人‖、―无论何时‖等，这个从句可以置于主句之前，也可以置于主句之后。no matter后接关系代词或关系副词引导的状语从句在句中作让步状语。

Page No.92 注意：whatever, however, whoever etc.可引导状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。No matter what happened, he would not mind.=Whatever happened, he would not mind.不管发生什么，他都不在意。

（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they‘re given.（对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they‘re given.囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。

No matter how hard he works, he can not get a promotion.不管他工作多努力, 他就是得不到提升。

No matter what you do, you must be very careful.不管做什么事，你都必须非常细心。

No matter who you are(=Whoever you are), I‘ll never let you in.无论你是谁，我绝不让你进去。

No matter which you choose(=Whichever you choose), you will be satisfied.不论你选择哪一个，你都会满意的。

No matter where I go(=Wherever I go), I will be thinking of you.无论我去哪里，我都会想着你。

Page No.93 高手过招 单项填空 ①

the problem may be, we must solve it ourselves.（2010·山东威海一轮验收）A.Whatever difficult

B.How difficult

C.However difficult

D.No matter what difficult ②It is generally considered unwise to give a child

he or she wants.（2010·山东枣庄检测）

A.however

B.whatever C.whichever

D.whenever ①解析：选C。句意为：不管问题有多难，我们都要独立解决。difficult为形容词，因此用how修饰，表示程度。however在这里没有转折的意思，相当于no matter how，因此答案为C。②解析：选B。考查从属关联词的用法。whatever等于anything that或everything that，引导宾语从句。whatever一方面起引导词的作用，同时作从句中wants的宾语。Page No.94 Unit 4 Earthquakes 核心单词 1.burst

vt.& vi.(burst, bursting)爆炸；胀裂；突然而起；闯入； 充满；满盈；n.突然破裂；爆发 联想拓展

burst out 迸发；突然发作；突然……起来 burst open推开；忽然打开； 裂开 burst through冲开；冲破；拨开

burst in upon打断(谈话等)；突然出现； 突然到达 burst in/ into闯入； 突然出现； 突然……起来； 突然发作 Page No.95 另外，burst into后接名词时可表示不同的意义： burst into laughter突然大笑起来 burst into tears突然大哭起来 burst into cheers突然欢呼起来

burst out后接动名词也表示同样的意思 burst out laughing/crying 突然大笑/哭起来 高手过招 单项填空

Every time

he thought of his past, he couldn‘t help bursting(2010·济南一模)A.when;out tears

B.that;into crying C.which;into tears

D./;out crying 解析：选D。burst out后接v.-ing形式，every time 相当于连词，引导状语从句。故选D。Page No.96 2.event

n.事件；大事；比赛项目

The new book was the cultural event of the year.这本新书的出版是今年文化界的大事。Coming events cast their shadows before.未来之事先有征兆。

The next event will be the 100-metre race.下一个比赛项目是100米赛跑。常用结构：

at all events 无论怎样 in any event 无论如何 in the event of 万一；倘若

In the event of rain, the game will be postponed.要是下雨，球赛就延期。Page No.97 易混辨析

occurrence/event/incident/accident occurrence系常用词, 指―任何发生的事件‖。event 指―有重要意义的历史事件、重大事件‖。incident指―事件‖, 尤指―比较不重要的小事件‖。accident指―意外事故‖。高手过招 单项填空 ①The National Day and the International Labour Day are great

in our country.(2010·河南镇平二轮)A.things

B.incidents C.accidents

D.events

.②How many

are going to be held in this Summer Olympic Games?(2010·江苏启东一轮)A.accidents

B.incidents C.events

D.sports Page No.98 ①解析：选D。考查词义辨析。things是普通用词，指―情况；状况‖；incident意为―事情；发生的事（常指小事）‖；accident意为―事故‖，强调未预料到的事情；event的意为―事件‖，多指大事件。②解析：选C。考查词义辨析。accident意为―事故‖，指没有料到的恶性事件。incident指―事件‖，多指不是很重要的事情。event多指―政治性的事件‖，尤指大事。event也可以指（体育运动中的）比赛项目。3.rescue n.&vt.援救，营救 常用结构：

rescue sb./ sth.from sb./ sp.把……从……营救出来 come to/ go to sb‘s rescue = rescue sb.援救某人

a rescue team 救援队

a rescue mission 救援任务

rescue workers 救援人员 Page No.99 The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。

The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake.营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。Michael rescued a boy from drowning.迈克尔把溺水的男孩救了起来。高手过招

用rescue的适当形式填空（原创）①The mother, along with her two children，from the sinking boat by a passing ship.②The firemen

five children from the burning house yesterday.①has been rescued ②rescued Page No.100 4.judge

n.法官；鉴赏家；裁判 vt.判断；估计

His father used to be a judge.他的父亲过去是一名法官。She‘s a good judge of wine.她是鉴别酒的专家。The blind can‘t judge colours.盲人无法判断颜色。Don‘t judge a man by his looks.不要以貌取人。联想拓展

judgment n.判断，辨别力

judge sb./ sth.by/from 通过……判断…… as far as I judge 我认为 judging from...从……来看，根据……判断

Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man.从他所说的话来看，他是个诚实的人。

Page No.101 高手过招(1)单项填空

the hat he , the old man is a farmer.(2010·山东日照检测)A.Judging from;is wearing B.Judging by;is having on C.To judge by;putting D.Judged by;is putting

（2）用judge的适当形式填空（原创）①

from his appearance, he must be a rich man.②In her

, he must be from the south.(1)解析：选A。judging from为固定搭配，此处judging不与the old man形成逻辑主动或被动关系。wear, have on, dress都有―穿，戴‖的意思，但搭配和意义不同。wear和have on都可以表示―穿着‖的状态，然而have on没有进行时态；dress可以作及物和不及物动词，作不及物动词时意为―穿衣‖，作及物动词时宾语是人。(2)①Judging ②judgment Page No.102 5.ruin

vt.毁坏；毁灭。既可指实际的东西，也可指抽象的东西。n.［U］毁坏；毁灭 ［C］（常用作复数）废墟 联想拓展

in ruins严重损坏；破败不堪；落空

bring come to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产 bring ruin upon oneself自取灭亡

fall/go to ruin毁灭, 灭亡;崩溃;破坏掉

ruin oneself毁掉自己 易混辨析

destroy/ruin/damage/harm destroy 表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上的彻底摧毁，使之无法恢复，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏。

ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。Page No.103 damage 一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用。这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果，也可以指非暴力的长期损害的结果。harm 一般指伤害有生命的东西，常指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等。What he faced ruined his hope.他所面对的使他的希望破灭了。

The whole city was destroyed in the earthquake.整个城市在地震中被毁掉了。

Laziness will ruin one‘s prospects.懒惰会使人自毁前程。We wanted to have a look at the ruins of Pompeii.我们想看一下庞贝城的废墟。

They managed to repair the houses that had been damaged.他们设法修复了受到破坏的房子。Page No.104 高手过招 单项填空 ①I was

by that law case.I‘m a man.(2010·11·西安月考)A.ruined;ruined

B.ruined;destroying C.damaged;destroyed

D.destroyed;damaging ②Many old temples

ruins are now being rebuilt.（原创）A.on

B.by

C.with

D.in ①解析：选A。句意为：我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产，不名一文。ruin常用于借喻中，指损坏到了不能再使用的程度；damage不能指人，只指物；destroy指完全彻底地破坏，含有无法修复之意，也可用于借喻。第二个空应用过去分词作定语，表被动和完成之意。②解析：选D。in ruins为固定搭配，意为―处于颓废状态‖。Page No.105 6.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸于 联想拓展

be buried alive 被活埋

be buried under 为……所压倒；沉浸于,忙于

bury(oneself)in 埋头于；专心于；退居于(乡间等)=be buried in bury one‘s head in the sand

自欺欺人，逃避现实（来自鸵鸟的习性）The house was half buried under snow.房子一半被埋在雪中。

If you continue to bury your head in the sand and refuse to recognize the fact that some of your classmates are catching up with you, it won‘t be long before you find yourself left behind.如果你再拒绝承认你的一些同班同学已经赶上来了这一事实，那么不用多久，你就会发现自己落后了。

Page No.106 高手过招

选词填空（burying/buried）（原创）

I have a sigh, my head

in my hands.buried 重点短语 7.right away 立刻，马上

I‘ll return the book to you right away.我会马上还书给你。If war breaks out, we shall be called up right away.如果战争爆发，我们将立即被征召服役。联想拓展 right now=at once=immediately=in no time立刻，马上

Page No.107(1)解析：选D。考查短语辨析。in no time意为―片刻之后‖，而 in a flash意为―片刻之间‖。

(2)I want it typed right away, please.Page No.108 8.think of 认为；考虑 联想拓展

think poorly of不放在眼里；轻视

think twice 再三考虑

think little/nothing of轻视；忽略

think much/highly of重视；看重，评价高 What do you think of...?认为……怎么样？ think about考虑；回想；想起 think of考虑；记忆，记起

think sth.over仔细想；谨慎思考；作进一步考虑 think sth.out认真考虑；仔细盘算 think sth.up想出，发明 Page No.109 The government thinks highly of his invention because it will benefit the whole country.政府非常重视他的发明，因为它将有益于全国人民。

The foolish boss thought little of my suggestions on that project.那个愚蠢的老板根本就不重视我对那项工程的建议。He is thinking about travelling in the summer holidays.他正在考虑暑假旅游的事。

I can‘t think of his name at the moment.我一时想不起他的名字。

Please think over what I said.请仔细考虑我说的话。

He thought out a new idea.他盘算出了一个新主意。高手过招 单项填空 ①How did you think

such a clever way out of difficulty?（原创）A.over

B.about

C.up

D.on ②Can you

a way of solving the problem?（原创）A.discover

B.invent up

C.think up

D.invent Page No.110 ①解析：选C。句意为：你怎样想出如此明智的办法摆脱困境？其他选项与think搭配无―想出‖之意。②解析：选C。think up在这里相当于think of，意为―考虑，思考‖。9.at an end

结束，终结（= finish）联想拓展

end n.&v.结事，终结 与end搭配的常用短语

at the end of在……末尾 by the end of到……末为止 in the end最后，终于

at a loose end无所事事；处于杂乱状态 make ends meet收支相抵

The war was finally at an end.战争终于结束了。Page No.111 ①by the end of ②in the end

③at the end of 10.instead of

代替，而不是

The Chinese use chopsticks instead of knives and forks.中国人不用刀叉,用筷子。

Instead of working, Jack was idling away his time.杰克不去工作,虚度着光阴。

She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday.她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。Page No.112 易混辨析

instead/instead of/in place of/take the place of instead 是副词，单独使用，用于句首或句末作状语，意为―而是，相反‖。

instead of 是复合介词，后接名词、代词、或动名词，意为―代替、而不……‖。

in place of 为介词短语，也是―代替、而不‖的意思，表示―以甲代乙‖，而instead of则是―用甲不用乙‖，除―代替‖外，还有对乙否定的意思，有时意为―不‖。take the place of(replace)作谓语，用在名词、代词前。高手过招 单项填空 ①—I think we should buy a new curtain

this one.—Yes.It looks a bit ugly

.(2010·江西赣州一轮)A.to replace;as it is B.to in place of;now

C.to take the place of;as it was D.instead of;than that one Page No.113 ②We will go there on foot

by bus.What about you?(2010·11·福建福州月考)A.instead

B.instead of

C.without

D.but ①解析：选A。to replace为不定式作目的状语。as it is意为―现在的样子‖。②解析：选B。instead of意为―用一种形式代替另一种形式‖。C项有一定干扰性，without意为―在没有……的情况下‖，因此不合题意。11.the number of 意为―……的数量、数目‖，作主语时谓语动词用单数；a number of意为―一些，很多‖，相当于 many, 后接可数名词复数，当它作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The number of competitors is limit.参赛者的数量是有限的。A number of problems have arisen.已经出现了一些问题。Page No.114 a large /great/good number of；a great/good many;a good few/quite a few+可数名词复数，意为―大量的‖；

a great/good deal;a great/ large amount of;quite a little+ 不可数名词，意为―大量的‖；

a lot of/lots of;a great /large quantity of;large quantities of/ plenty of +可数名词复数/不可数名词均可，意为―大量的‖。但是a great/large quantity of..., large quantities of...作主语时谓语动词与quantity形式一致。高手过招 单项填空

During the past two years, the number of automobile accidents in New York City

decreased.(2010·11·山东烟台月考)A.have

B.has

C.was

D.were

解析：选B。the number of+复数名词，其主语是number，故谓语动词用单数，意为―……的数量‖。Page No.115 重点句型

12.In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。

―too + adj./adv.+动词不定式‖结构简称为―too...to‖结构，在大多数情况下表示否定意义，通常可意为―太……而不能……;太……无法……‖。―too...to‖结构表示否定的常见句型有：

too +adj./adv.+ to do，有时too后也可跟一个起形容词作用的过去分词。too...to/to be done形式。这是―too...to‖结构中不定式为被动式时的变体，如果主语是不定式动作的承受者，不定式既可以用主动式，也可以用被动式，此时用主动式虽然在形式上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的。

too + adj.+ a(an)+ n.+ to + v./to be done形式。这个句型在too+ adj.后再接一个带不定冠词的名词，不定冠词一定要放置于形容词后。与此同时，只有当too后形容词修饰一个可数名词时，才可以在形容词与名词间加不定冠词―a/an‖。当句子主语能发出该不定式的动作时，可以用to + v.的主动式，当主语是该不定式动作的承受者时，则用to be + v.-ed的被动式。Page No.116 温馨提示

并不是所有―too...to‖结构的句子都表示否定意义，在下列情况下，―too...to‖结构可以表示肯定意义：

―too...to‖结构之前带有but, only, all, never, not时，是强调肯定的表示法，意为―非常……，十分……，实在……，真是太……‖等。

―too...to‖结构中带有表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词或副词，如ready，eager, satisfied, kind, willing, easy, anxious等加动词不定式结合成一个不可分割的状态、态度、倾向或心情等，并且其后的不定式不是说明too的具体内容，而是修饰形容词，故不定式不再表示结果。在―too...to‖结构中，不定式为否定式时，是构成的双重否定，其意为―非常/很/太/那么……不会不/必定能/所以能……‖，也不表示否定意义。

Page No.117 I，m too tired to think of anything now.我太累了，什么也不能想了。

The tea is too hot to drink/to be drunk.茶太热，不能喝。The shoes are too badly broken to be mended.这些鞋子破烂得不能修补。

He，s too experienced an artist to mind what the critics say.(＝As an artist he，s too experienced to mind what the critics say.)他是个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不会介意批评家说些什么。

He is too experienced an artist to be worried by what the critics say.他是一个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不至于为批评家们的议论而担忧。I am but too glad to do so.我非常喜欢这样做。

He was too anxious to do this job.他非常想做这件工作。

The girl is too careful not to do it well.这姑娘很细心，完全能做好那件事。Page No.118 高手过招 单项填空

—He seems

tired to do it.—But I am only

glad to do it.(2010·江苏常州一轮)A.very;too

B.extremely;too too;too

D.very;very 解析：选C。第一空为too...to 太……而不能……，第二空前有only所以too...to强调肯定，意为―非常、十分‖。

13.It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日！联想拓展

as if=as though意为―仿佛，像，似乎‖。通常用在be，look，seem，sound，taste，smell及feel等连系动词的后面。如果表示真实情况应该用陈述语气；如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气, 其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。引导方式状语从句时也要用虚拟语气。Page No.119 注意：as if(though)后面除了跟句子外，还可以跟名词、动词不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语和分词。

另外，as if(though)还可以表达感叹语气，来对某项建议、假设和推测表示不赞成、惊讶、不满和厌恶等。

How wild his white hair looked as if it had been electrified!他的白发十分凌乱，好像触了电似的。(虚拟语气)She seems as if she is going to cry.她似乎要哭了。(陈述事实)As if anyone would believe that story！好像有人竟会相信那样的事！

As if we were all stupid and he alone clever！

哼，就仿佛我们都是傻瓜，只有他一个人聪明似的。He raised his hand as if to take off his hat.他举起他的手，好像要取下帽子。He behaved as if nothing had happened.他表现的好像什么也没发生。

Page No.120 高手过招

（1）单项填空

—Will you go to the exhibition tomorrow? —Yes, I will go

it，s windy.(2010·11·山东滨州月考)A.as if

B.even though C.as soon as D.as though（2）翻译句子（原创）①你像是见了鬼似的。②这个男孩向四周察看，像在寻找什么东西。

(1)解析：选B。even though相当于even if，引导让步状语从句，意为―即使‖；as if（though）引导方式状语从句；as soon as引导时间状语从句。(2)①You looked as if you had seen a ghost． ②The boy looked about as if in search of something． Page No.121 14.All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。

all, both, each, every, everyone, everything, always, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether等具有总括意义的词后跟否定词not连用时，一般都表示部分否定，其中all, both, each, every无论在not之前还是之后，都表示部分否定。

但如果句子中出现下列单词或短语则该句为全部否定：none of+n./pron.;neither+n./pron.;no+n.;nothing；nobody；neither；never；nowhere；neither...nor等。All that glitters is not gold.发光的不一定都是金子。

Not all body languages mean the same thing in different countries.并非所有的肢体语言在不同的国家里都有相同的意思。Each machine here is not produced in our plant.这里的机器不全是我们厂生产的。Page No.122 高手过招 单项填空

We couldn‘t eat in a restaurant because

of us had

money on us.（原创）

A.all;no

B.any;no C.none;any

D.no one;any 解析：选C。考查全部否定。句意为：因为我们大家身上都没带钱，所以不能在饭店里吃饭。故选C项。Page No.123 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero 核心单词 1.quality n.［U,C］质，质量，品质；特性（既可用于描述物品，也用于描述人物）［C］性质；特性；特点 Modesty is one of his good qualities.谦虚是他的美德之一。

One quality of wood is that it can burn.木料的一个特点是能燃烧。Page No.124 常用结构：

high quality 优质 poor quality 劣质

average quality 一般的品质

Wine of high quality costs more than that of poor quality.优质的葡萄酒比劣质的葡萄酒价格要高。易混辨析

quality/quantity quality 质，质量 quantity 数量；大量

For study, quality often matters more than quantity.就学习而言，质量往往比数量更重要。

Quantities of food were on the table.桌上摆了大量食物。There is a small quantity of water left in the bottle.瓶子里还剩下少量的水。Page No.125 高手过招

完成句子(原创)①他仔细检查家具的品质。

He examined

carefully.②他具备了一个成功商人应具有的所有品质。

He has

of a successful businessman.①the quality of the furniture ②all the qualities Page No.126 2.devote vt.献身；专心于 常用结构：

devote oneself/one‘s energy/one‘s time to(doing)sth.奉献/精力/时间于某事

sb.be devoted to(doing)sth.某人献身做某事 He devoted all his life to China‘s aviation.他的一生都奉献给了中国的航空事业。

He‘s devoted his whole life to the protection of the rare animals.他终生献身于保护珍稀动物。He is devoted to helping the poor.他致力于帮助穷困的Page No.127 联想拓展

类似于devote...to...的结构中to为介词的词组还有： object to 反对

attend to 办理；照顾；注意听 look forward to 期待；盼望be opposed to 反对

devote...to 贡献给……stick to 坚持

lead to 导致pay attention to 注意到

be related to 与……有关see to 务必做到； 负责…… refer to 提到；指的是turn to 翻到； 求助于 高手过招 单项填空

The idea for the new machine came to Mr Baker

to his invention.(2010·陕西师大附中月考)A.while he was devoted

B.while devoting C.while devoting himself

D.while devoted 解析：选A。考查be devoted to这一结构。注意不要误选D项，因为主句的主语the idea与从句的主语Mr Baker/he不一致，因此从句中的主语和谓语动词he was不能省略。

Page No.128 3.equal

adj.相同的；平等的 vt.等于，比得上 n.同等/相等的人或物

He asked us to cut the apple into three equal pieces.他让我们把苹果切成三等份。

None of us can equal her in intelligence.我们中没人能在智力方面比得上她。常用结构：

be equal to sth./doing sth.胜任某事/ 做某事 A equals BA等于B without equal/have no equal 无与伦比/无比

Are you equal to(doing)the task?你能胜任这项工作吗？ Yao Ming is a basketball player without equal in China.在中国，姚明是个无与伦比的篮球运动员。Page No.129 高手过招 单项填空

He doubted whether she would be

to the task.（原创）equal

B.similar

C.familiar

D.content 解析：选A。be equal to sth.胜任，符合句意。content意为―满意的，满足的‖不符句意，其他选项也均与句意不符。

4.reward n.报答；酬金（为某些特殊服务提供或给予的金钱）vt.酬谢，奖赏；报应；惩罚（坏人或坏事）常用结构：

as a reward(for)作为（对某事的）报酬（或奖赏）give/ offer a reward to sb.for sth.为某事而给某人报酬 in reward for 为酬答……；作为奖励……

reward sb.(with...)for sth.为某事（而以……）报答…… Page No.130 易混辨析

reward/award/prize reward表示―奖赏，酬谢‖，动词只能以人或人的行为作宾语，名词表示某人因做了某事而应得到某东西。

award 作名词指正式或官方 ―给予，颁发，授予‖（奖章，奖金等），也可以指法庭裁决；作动词时可以跟两个宾语，award sb.sth.把某物授予/判给某人。

prize只能作名词，表示―奖赏、奖金、奖品‖，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。It‘s a reward for virtue.那是对美德的回报。

It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.他工作很辛苦，报酬却很少，这不公平。

How can I reward your kindness? 我如何酬谢你的好意呢？

Jim rewarded the boy a pound for bringing back the lost dog.男孩把吉姆丢失的狗带了回来，为此吉姆奖赏给他一英镑。

Page No.131 高手过招 单项填空 ①Martin Luther King, a great Black leader in the movement against racial discrimination, was

the Nobel Prize for peace for his outstanding contribution to world peace.(2010·11·河南洛阳月考)A.rewarded

B.given

C.awarded

D.offered ②They

the winners with gifts of fruit and flowers.（原创）A.rewarded

B.awarded

C.charged

D.paid ③The girl got nothing in

for her kindness, which made her very sad.A.prize

B.award

C.medals

D.reward Page No.132 ①解析：选C。句意为：反对种族歧视运动的杰出黑人领袖马丁·路德·金，因其对世界和平的突出贡献而被授予诺贝尔和平奖。award指正式或官方的―授予，颁发‖。②解析：选A。考查固定搭配。句意为：他们送给获胜者水果和鲜花作为奖赏。reward sb.with...用……酬劳某人。③解析：选D。由句意可知，应该是对做好事的报答。in reward for 为……而报答。重点短语

5.out of work 失业

Jim has been out of work for several months.吉姆已经失业几个月了。

Mary‘s cell phone has been out of work for several days, which brought her a lot of inconvenience.玛丽的手机坏了好几天了，这给她带来了很多不便。Page No.133 联想拓展

in work有工作

out of breath上气不接下气 out of patience 不耐烦 out of use 没用了 out of date过时

out of order次序颠倒；出故障 out of control失控

out of danger脱离危险

out of shape变形

Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见, 心不烦。

高手过招

用适当的介词（短语）填空（原创）①Although my computer is

date now, it's still

use.②After the fourth operation, the patient has been

danger.①out of;in ②out of Page No.134 6.as a matter of fact

事实上

It was cold.As a matter of fact, it was freezing.天很冷。事实上，冷得要命。联想拓展

as a matter of fact=in fact/in actual fact/actually/in reality/to tell the truth 实际上；事实

to make matters worse 让事情更糟糕的是 it doesn‘t matter 没有关系 高手过招 单项填空

It rained that day., our car broke down on the way.(2010·江苏泰州一轮检测)A.In fact

B.Actually C.To make matters worse

D.To tell the truth 解析：选C。to make matters worse让事情更糟糕的是。根据句 意可知，C项符合。

Page No.135 7.blow up

vi.爆炸；突然严峻；大发雷霆

vt.炸毁；给……充气；放大（照片）

My father blew up when I didn't come home last night.我昨晚没回家，父亲大发雷霆。

Stop at the gas station and we'll blow up the tyres.在加油站停一下，我们要给轮胎打气。联想拓展

blow away刮走，吹走 blow down(风)刮倒

blow off 吹掉；将（热水、蒸汽等）放出 blow out 吹熄；（电线）烧断

blow over(暴风雨等)吹散，刮倒；（坏天气）大风平息 Page No.136 高手过招 单项填空

A short circuit will

the fuse(保险丝).（原创）A.blow up

B.blow off C.blow out

D.blow over 解析：选C。句意为：短路会烧断保险丝。根据句意可知，答案选C。8.in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 Please telephone us when you are in trouble.遇到困难时就给我们打电话。联想拓展

have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困难。其中的介词 in 在口语中通常可省略。

take(the)trouble to do sth.在这一结构中，其中的冠词用不用均可，但含义稍有不同：用冠词，表示不怕费事或不怕麻烦而去做某事；不用冠词，表示尽心尽力或费尽心血而去做某事。Page No.137 go to(the)trouble to do（of doing）sth.不辞辛劳做某事/费心做某事

give sb.trouble/put sb.to trouble麻烦某人；打扰某人 have trouble with...有……病痛；同……闹纠纷 We had no trouble(in)finding his office.我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。

He took the trouble to show me the way to the station.他不嫌麻烦地为我去火车站而指路。

He went to the trouble of finding out when our train was leaving.他费心为我们打听到了我们乘坐的火车的开车时间。I don‘t like giving trouble to people I don‘t know.我不愿意给我不认识的人添麻烦。The man often has trouble with his wife.这个男人经常与他的妻子闹矛盾。

Page No.138 高手过招 单项填空

Even an experienced climber can

to reach the summit.(2010·河南郑州一轮检测)A.get into trouble

B.make trouble ask for trouble

D.take trouble over 解析：选A。句意为：即使是一个很有经验的登山者，想要到达顶峰也有可能遇到困难。句中的can表示―有可能‖。get into trouble 陷入困境，因做某事而招致惩罚，危险等；ask for trouble 自找麻烦，自讨苦吃；make trouble 引起麻烦；take trouble over sth.在某事上费心思。根据句意选A。

9.turn to

求助于；依赖；翻到；询问

We have to turn to some bigger companies for technical help.我们不得不向一些更大的公司寻求技术援助。Page No.139 联想拓展

turn against背叛

turn down（音量）关小；拒绝 turn in上交

turn...into...(使……)成为……

turn off关掉(水源、煤气、电灯等)；避开(问题等)turn on打开(水、煤气、电灯、无线电等)turn over(使)打翻/翻身/翻动/翻耕(土地)/转危为安 turn up开大；出现；找到 by turns轮流；交替 in turn依次；轮流

turn out证明是；结果是

Nobody will turn against his country.没有人会背叛自己的国家。Page No.140 Please turn down the television.请把电视机的音量调小点儿。

He turned down my suggestion without hesitation.他毫不犹豫地拒绝了我的建议。

The child picked up a purse and turned it in to the policeman.那个孩子捡到了一个钱包，然后把它交给了警察。The farmers are turning waste land into rice fields.农民们正把荒地变成肥沃的田地。

Don't forget to turn all the lights off before you go to bed.在你上床之前，不要忘记把所有的灯都关上。

The man turned over and went to sleep again when the telephone rang.当电话铃响的时候，那个人翻了个身，又睡着了。Page No.141 高手过招(1)单项填空 ①In the new city there wasn‘t a single person

the poor boy could turn for help.(2010·辽宁本溪月考)A.that

B.who C.from whom

D.to whom ②We had a good many anxious moments, but everything

all right in the end.(2010·江苏南京一轮)A.turned down

B.turned on C.turned out

D.turned to(1)①解析：选D。turn to sb.for help为固定搭配，意思是―求助于‖某人。②解析：选C。turn out 在句中的意思是―变得；证明是；结果是‖，为连系动词；turn down调低；拒绝；turn on打开；turn to参考；转向；求助于。Page No.142(2)用与turn搭配的适当介词填空（原创）①The key you lost has turned

.②Nothing could make the brave man turn

his motherland.③Don't rush.Please wait in line and get on the bus

turn.④He asked his teacher to give him the chance one more time but his teacher turned him

.⑤Be sure to turn the lights

when you leave the classroom.(2)①up ②against ③in ④down ⑤off 10.lose heart 丧失勇气或信心

He failed many times, but he didn‘t lose heart.他失败了许多次，但他并没有失去信心。No matter what you do, never lose heart.不管你做什么，千万不要失去信心。Page No.143 lose one‘s job失业

lose one‘s balance失去平衡 lose one‘s breath上气不接下气 lose one‘s heart(to sb./sth.)爱上 lose one‘s life丧生;遇害 lose face丢脸;受屈辱 lose hope失去希望 高手过招 翻译句子 ①不要失去信心，一切都会好起来的。

②她喜欢上了一位年轻士兵。①Don‘t lose heart, all will turn out well.②She lost her heart to a young soldier.Page No.144 重点句型

11....only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。

only 修饰的时间、条件、方式状语等放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。Only then did she realize she had made mistakes.直到那时她才意识到她所犯的错误。Only when he came back did I go to bed.当他回来的时候，我才上床睡觉。温馨提示

only 放在句首修饰状语时，主句部分要倒装，修饰主语、宾语时，则不倒装。Only you understand me.只有你了解我。

Page No.145 高手过招 单项填空 I failed in the final examination last term and only then

the importance of studies.(2010·山东青岛二中月考)A.I realized

B.I had realized C.had I realized

D.did I realize 解析：选D。only then位于句首时句子用倒装结构，realize的动作在fail之后发生，故选过去时。

12.He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习。should have done 本应该做某事（但实际上并没有做）/对过去已发生的事情的推测。ought to= should 但在语气上比should要强。Page No.146 温馨提示

情态动词+have done的用法小结：

must+have done 表示对过去情况的推测，只用于肯定句中，意为―一定……‖，其否定的意义用can‘t+have done表示。

can/could have done 对过去已发生的情况的推测，用于疑问句或否定句中。could+have done本来有能力做而实际上没有做 needn‘t+have done本来不必做的事，实际上却做了 might have done本来可以做而实际上未做。may(might)+have done表示对过去的推测，多用在陈述句，意为―也许；可能……‖。用might 比用 may 语气更加委婉。

would+have done 用于虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反。He ought not to have taken the old clothes away.他不该把旧衣服带走。（事实上已带走。）The street is wet.It must have rained last night.路面是湿的，昨天晚上肯定下雨了。Page No.147 If I could have stopped, there wouldn‘t have been an accident.如果我能够停下来，事故就不会发生了。I needn‘t have gone to the office yesterday.昨天我没必要去办公室。

Please don‘t do that.You might both have been caught and killed!请不要那样做。你们俩很有可能被抓住然后被杀掉！

易混辨析

should/ought to ①两者均有―应该‖之意，should多表示说话人主观建议，ought to多表示道义和责任。Doctors and nurses should take good care of patients.医生和护士应该仔细照顾病人。You shouldn‘t drink and drive.你不该喝了酒还开车。Page No.148 You ought to be blushed at your conduct.你应该为你自己的行为感到羞愧。②两者均可表示预测，意为―应该会，可能‖。We should/ought to arrive there before dark.我们应该会在天黑前到达那里。

It‘s twelve o‘clock now.She should/ought to have already got there.现在已经12点了。她应该已经到那里了。联想拓展

should的其他用法： ①虚拟从句中，表示―假如；万一‖；

If you should change your mind, do let we know.如果你想要改变主意，让我们知道。

In case you should need any help, here is my number.假如你需要任何帮助，给我打电话，这是我的电话号码。Page No.149 ②应该，必须

She recommended that/she(should)take some time off.她建设应该休假。③表示惊讶，遗憾。

It‘s strange that she should have done such a thing.她能做好这样的事情，真让人觉得奇怪。

高手过招 单项填空 ①—I missed the first part of the film.It was really a pity.—You

home half an hour earlier.(2010·福建厦门一轮检测)A.should have left

B.must have left C.should leave

D.must leave ②—Do you think he is lazy? —I

so once, but I don‘t now.(2010·浙江杭州一轮检测)A.may have thought

B.can have thought C.may think

D.might think Page No.150 ①解析：选A。第一句句意为：我错过了这部电影的第一部分，真遗憾。根据第一句，答句的句意应为：你本应该提前半小时出家门。故选A。②解析：选A。从答语可知，空格处的意思是―曾经这样想过‖，即对过去情况作推测，故应用―情态动词＋动词完成时‖；又因为 can 表推测时不用于肯定句中，故选A。Page No.151 必修Page No.152 Unit 1 Cultural relics Page No.153 核心单词 1.survive

vi.生还，幸存；流传下来;幸免

vt.经历……而幸存；比……活的时间长 常用结构：

survive on sth.靠……生存（意思等同于live on sth.）survive sb.(by...)

比某人多活…… Page No.154 Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.在这次撞车事故受伤的6个人中，只有2个人活了下来。I can‘t survive on $20 a week.每周20美元无法维持我的生活。

Few buildings in Beichuan County survived the big earthquake on May 12, 2008.在2008年5月12日的大地震中，北川县残留的建筑物寥寥无几。She survived her husband by ten years.她丈夫去世后她又活了10年。联想拓展

survival n.存活，幸存；残存；遗留；旧风俗 survivor n.生还者，幸存者 Page No.155 高手过招

完成句子

（原创）①The old couple

从战争中幸存下来）.②His only chance of

（生存）was a heart transplant.③In the terrible accident, there were no

（幸存者）.答案：①survived the war ②survival ③survivors Page No.156 2.select vt.挑选；选择 易混辨析

select/choose/elect/pick out 四个词均含有―选译‖之意。

select强调在广泛的范围内进行―精选或淘汰‖，侧重以客观为标准进行选择。choose为普通用词，侧重根据个人意愿和判断从众多的对象中进行选择，着重指被选者的优点。

elect指按照一定的规章和法律，用投票方式进行的慎重的选择。

pick out为口语用词，强调―从个人角度在众多事物之中进行挑选‖，有时含有―任意选择‖的意思。

Page No.157 高手过招

选词填空（select/choose/elect/pick)①Please

a good book for me.②She

a diamond ring from the collection.③We

our monitor by a show of hands.④She

the red sweater rather than the pink one.答案：①pick ②selected ③elected ④chose Page No.158 3.design n.设计；图案；构思 vt.设计；计划；构思 常用结构：

by design=on purpose

有意地，故意地

be designed to do...目的是做……；被打算做…… be designed for...为……而打算／设计 I like the design of that rug.我喜欢那块地毯的图案。

A new highway between the two cities is being designed.这两个城市之间的一条新高速公路正在设计中。The experiment is designed to test the new drug.实验的目的是测试新的药品。

The house are specially designed for the old people.这些房子是专门为老年人设计的。Page No.159 高手过招 单项填空

I like the television programme

educate not merely entertain.（2009·12·山东青州模块检测）

A.designed to

B.designed for C.is designed to

D.is designed for 解析：选A。be designed to do...为固定搭配，意为―目的是‖，为过去分词短语在句中作后置定语，修饰名词programme。B、D两项be designed for中for为介词,后面需接v.-ing形式或名词,故排除。Page No.160 4.fancy adj.奇特的；异样的 vt.想象；设想；爱好 n.想象力；幻想；爱好 常用结构：

fancy that...以为是…… fancy oneself

自负，自命不凡 fancy(doing)sth.喜欢，想要（做）某事 fancy 用于感叹句中时表示―没想到，竟然‖。My sister likes to collect fancy clothes.我姐姐喜欢搜集奇装异服。

I used to fancy what I would like wearing a long snow-like dress.过去我常常想象自己穿着雪白长裙的模样。

Children usually have a lively fancy.Page No.161 孩子们往往拥有丰富的想象力。Many students fancy playing football.很多学生喜欢踢足球。

Fancy meeting you here！真没想到会在这儿遇到你！I fancy(that)it‘s going to rain today.我看今天要下雨。答案： ①to say→saying ②to go→going Page No.162 5.consider vt.考虑；认为 常用结构：

consider doing sth./sth.考虑做某事

consider sb./sth.as/to be...认为；以为；觉得 consider it+adj.+to do sth...认为做某事是…… We are considering going to Canada.我们正考虑到加拿大去。

We consider this(to be)very important.我们认为这非常重要。联想拓展

consideration n.考虑；关心

considering prep.考虑到；就……而言 take sth.into consideration

考虑(某事)Considering her age, she has done very well.考虑到她的年纪，她已经做得非常好了。

Page No.163 高手过招(1)单项填空

Charlie Chaplin is

to be one of the greatest actors in the world.（2009·02·湖北武汉一中质量检测）A.Regarded

B.believed C.thought

D.considered

(2)翻译句子

（原创）①你是否考虑过如何到达那里? ②他会被认为是个软弱无能的领导人。

解析：(1)选D。考查词义辨析。think, regard, consider都有―看作‖的意思，然而搭配不同。think一般与of搭配，形成think of...；regard与as搭配，形成regard...as;consider可以与as搭配，形成consider...as，也可以跟不定式,形成consider sb.to do sth.的搭配。(2)①Have you considered how to get there? ②He will be considered a weak leader.Page No.164 6.worth adj.值得（做某事）;有（做某事）的价值 n.价值;用处

be worth doing sth.值得（做某事）；有（做某事）的价值

be worth sth.用于―数量、持续时间等‖的名词之后，表示某物价值多少金额。The new car cost a lot of money, but it‘s certainly worth it.买这辆新汽车花了很多钱, 但确实物有所值。

The thieves stole one million pounds worth of jewellery.窃贼偷走了价值100万英镑的珠宝。Page No.165 易混辨析

worth/worthy/worthwhile ―be worth+n.‖结构中，当名词为金钱时，表示―……值……钱‖。be worth doing sth.……某事值得被做

―be worthy of+n./doing‖当名词为抽象名词时，表示 ―……值得……‖。be worthy to be done/be worthy of being done 某事值得被做

It is worthwhile to do sth.值得做某事 It is worthwhile doing sth.值得去做某事 It is worthwhile for sb.to do/doing sth.值得某人去做某事

The article is worthy of careful study.=The article is worth studying carefully.=The article is worthy of being studied carefully.=The article is worthy to be studied carefully.这篇文章值得仔细学习。Page No.166 高手过招 单项填空 ①This book is worthy of

twice.（2009·12·江苏南京月考）A.Reading

B.read C.having read

D.being read ②He is well skilled

playing the piano, so his music is worth

.（2009·12·山东烟台模块检测）A.with;listening

B.with;listening to C.in;listening

D.in;listening to Page No.167 解析： ①选D。be worthy 后可以用不定式的被动语态或of being done结构，而worth后用动名词的主动语态表达被动概念。②选D。be skilled in也可以用be skilled at后跟名词或动名词表示，意思是―在……方面熟练的；在……方面有能力的‖。worth意思是―值得‖,后跟动名词的主动语态表达被动概念。在句中，music作listen to的逻辑宾语，而listen为不及物动词，因此to不可以去掉。Page No.168 7.wonder n.[C] 奇迹；奇观；[U]惊奇,惊叹 vt.想知道；对……感到好奇 常用结构：

in wonder

惊奇地 do/work wonders

创造奇迹

be wonder at

对……感到惊讶 be wonder about

想弄明白；琢磨 It is a wonder(that)...奇怪的是……