七年级英语上册语法学习知识点总结（小编整理）

第一篇：七年级英语上册语法学习知识点总结

七年级英语上册语法学习知识点总结

初一英语语法学习知识点总结

初一英语语法虽然是从简单的一些日常用语出发的，但语法中常会有一些知识点看起来很细小，容易被忽视，但这些知识点掌握不熟练，往往会造成一些语法应用上的错误。因此在学习初一英语语法时，要认真、细心，不要觉得一些地方不重要而得过且过。

下面从几个方面，总结出了初一英语语法，如果要复习英语句法的同学，可以参考一下，一、初一英语语法——词法

、名词

A）、名词的数

我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下： 一）

在后

面

加

s。

如

：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas 二）x,sh,ch,s,tch

后加

es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes

三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es如：baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories

2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways

四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios,photos,但如是辅音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西红柿,potatoes马铃薯

五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es。如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves

六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子,chinese,japanese

七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks

八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察,class班，同学,family家，家庭成员

九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：actionmovie-actionmovies,penpal-penpals;但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：mandoctor-mendoctors,womanteacher-womenteachers

十）有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼fishes鱼的种类,paper纸papers报纸，卷子，论文,work工作works作品，工厂,glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼镜,orange桔子水oranges橙子,light光线lights灯,people人peoples民族,time时间times时代,次数,chicken鸡肉chickens小鸡

十一）单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is,ks。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs,VcDs,SARs 十二）

特

殊

形

式的有

：child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-Englishmen

B）名词的格

当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：

一）单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s,mike’s,teacher’s

二）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’Day教师节,classmates’;children’sDay六一节,women’sDay三八节

三）由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：mikeandBen’sroom迈克和本的房间（共住一间），mike’sandBen’srooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间）

2、代词

项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词

人称主格宾格形容词名词性

第一人称单数Imemyminemyself

复数weusouroursourselves

第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself

复数youyouyouryoursyourselves

第三人称单数sheherherhersherself

hehimhishishimself

itititsitsthisthatitself

复数theythemtheirtheirsthesethosethemselves

3、动词

A）第三人称单数

当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下： 一）一般在词后加

s。如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains 二）在x,sh,ch,s,tch

后加

es。如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes

三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries

2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys

四）以o结尾加es。如：does,goes

五）特殊的有：are-is,have-has

B）现在分词

当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下： 一）一般

在后加

ing

。如

：spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing

二）以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having

三）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母（注意除开字母组合如show–showing,draw-drawing）要双写最后的辅音字母再加

ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning

四）以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于

4、形容词的级

我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下： 一）一般在词后加

–

er

或

est。如：

–greater-greatest,shortershortest,tallertallest,longer–longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest

二）以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母＋1个辅音字母结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加

er/est。如：big-biggerbiggest,red-redderreddest,hot-hotterhottest

三）以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happierhappiest,sorry-sorriersorriest,friendly-friendlierfriendliest,busy-busierbusiest,easy-easiereasiest

四）特殊情况：

good/well-betterbestmany/much-moremostbad/ill–worseworst

little-lessleastold-older/elderoldest/eldestfar-farther/furtherfarthest/furthest

5、数

词first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth

二、初一英语语法——句式

.陈述句

肯定陈述句a)Thisisabook.b)Helooksveryyoung.c)Iwantasweatlikethis.d)Icanbringsomethingstoschool.e)There’sacomputeronmydesk.否定陈述句a)Thesearen’ttheirbooks.b)Theydon’tlooknice.c)katedoesn’tgotoNo.4middleSchool.d)katecan’tfindherdoll.e)Thereisn’tacathere.2.祈使句

肯定祈使句a)Pleasegoandasktheman.b)Let’slearnEnglish!

c)comein,please.否定祈使句a)Don’tbelate.b)Don’thurry.3.疑问句)

一

般

疑

问

句a)Isjimastudent?b)canIhelpyou?c)Doesshelikesalad?

d)DotheywatchTV?e)Isshereading?

肯

定

回答:a)yes,heis.b)yes,youcan.c)yes,shedoes.d)yes,theydo.e)yes,sheis.否定回答:a)No,heisn’t.b)No,youcan’t.c)No,shedoesn’t.d)No,theydon’t.e)No,sheisn’t.2)选择疑问句Isthetablebigorsmall?回答It’sbig./It’ssmall.3)特殊疑问句

①问年龄HowoldisLucy?Sheistwelve.②

问

种

类whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?Ilikeactionmoviesandcomedies.③问身体状况Howisyouruncle?Heiswell/fine.④问方式Howdo/canyouspellit?L-doubleo-k.Howdowecontactyou?mye-mailaddressiscindyjones@163.com.⑤问原因whydoyouwanttojointheclub?

⑥问时间what’sthetime?It’saquartertotena.m..whattimedoyouusuallygetup,Rick?Atfiveo’clock.whendoyouwanttogo?Let’sgoat7:00.⑦问地方where’smybackpack?It’sunderthetable.⑧问颜色whatcolorarethey?Theyarelightblue.what’syourfavouritecolor?It’sblack.⑨问人物who’sthat?It’smysister.whoistheboyinblue?mybrother.whoisn’tatschool?PeterandEmma.whoareLisaandTimtalkingto?

⑩问东西what’sthis/that?It’sapencilcase.whatelsecanyouseeinthepicture?Icanseesomebroccoli,strawberriesandhamburgers.1问姓名what’syouraunt’sname?HernameisHelen./She’sHelen.what’syourfirstname?myfirstname’sBen.what’syourfamilyname?myfamilyname’sSmith.2问哪一个whichdoyoulike?Ilikeoneinthebox.3问字母whatletterisit?It’sbigD/smallf.4问价格Howmucharethesepants?They’re15dollars.5问电话号码what’syourphonenumber?It’s576-8349.6问谓语what’shedoing?He’swatchingTV.7问职业whatdoyoudo?I’mateacher.what’syourfather?He’sadoctor.三、初一英语语法——时态、一般现在时表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有：

Be动词：She’saworker.Issheaworker?Sheisn’taworker.情态动词：’Icanplaythepiano.canyouplaythepiano?Icantplaythepiano.行

为

动

词

：Theywanttoeatsometomatoes.Dotheywanttoeatanytomatoes?Theydon’twanttoeatanytomatoes.Ginahasanicewatch.DoesGinahaveanicewatch?Ginadoesn’thaveawatch.2、现在进行时表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sbbev-ingsth+其它.I’mplayingbaseball.Areyouplayingbaseball?I’mnotplayingbaseball.Nancyiswritingaletter.IsNancywritingaletter?Nancyisn’twritingaletter.They

’relisteningtothepopmusic.Aretheylisteningthepopmusic?Theyaren’tlisteningtothepopmusic..形容词的用法：

形容词用以修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征。在句中可以作定语、表语，用于限定被修饰语的特征，如长短、大小、重量、颜色、高矮、胖瘦、新旧等。

Thelittlegirlisverypretty.这个小女孩很好看。

--Iwantthatone.我想要那个。

--whichone?哪一个？

--Thenewblueone.那个蓝色新的。

canIhavealookatthebigniceone?我能看一看那个大的漂亮的吗？

2、人称代词：

是用来表示人的代词，有单数和负数之分，有主格和宾格之分。人称代词的主格在句中作主语；人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语，是作动词或介词的宾语。

主格：I,we,you,he,she,it,they在句子中作主语

宾格：me,us,you,him,her,it,them在句子中作宾语

HeandIareinthesameclass.我和他在同一个班级。

canyouseetheminthestreet?你能看见他们在街上吗？

3、可数名词和不可数名词

英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。凡是可数计数的名词叫做可数名词；凡是不可以计数的名词叫做不可数名词。

（1）可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式。可数名词前可以用不定冠词、数词或somemany等修饰。如：aman

adesk

anapple

anorange

somebooks

somechildren

towpens

（2）不可数名词没有复数形式，前面不能用不定冠词、数词或many等词语修饰，但可以用some

alittle

much等词语来修饰。有时可以与一些量词短语搭配，这些量词短语中的名词一般是可数的，有单数形式，也可以有复数形式。如：somewater

alittlemilk

muchfood

apieceofbread

towbottlesofink

someglassesofwater

4、祈使句

祈使句用来表示请求、命令等，句中没有主语，肯定形式由谓语或者谓语+宾语（+宾语补足语）构成，否定形式则在句前加Don’t.Standup,please.请起立。

Don’tworry.别担心。

can的用法：

can是情态动词，表示“能，会，可以，被允许等”，其后接动词原形，否定形式为cannot，可缩写为can’t.Shecanspeakjapanese.她会讲日语。

Ican’trememberhisname.我不记得他的名字了。

canyouspellyourname?你会拼写你的名字吗？

5、现在进行时态：

概念：表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，也可以表示目前一段时间内或现阶段正在进行的活动。

结构：由be动词+动词ing构成，其中be动词要与主语保持性数一致。

maryisflyingakiteinthepark.玛丽正在公园里放风筝。

--whatareyoudoingnow? 你现在在干什么？

--I’mreadingEnglish.我正在读英语。

Aretheydrawingthepicturesnow? 他们正在画画吗？

动词现在分词是动词原形变化而来的，规则变化如下：

动词ing形式叫动词现在分词，其构成如下：)

直接在动词后加ing play

—

playing,do

—

doing,talk

—talking,sing--singing

2)

以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加ing

make—making,write—writing,have—having,take—taking

3)

以重读闭音节结尾的动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写这个辅音字母，再加ing

run—running,stop—stopping,put—putting,swim—swimming

注意对现在进行时态的判断。判断一个英语句子用什么时态，主要看句子的时间状语，一般说来，每种时态都有与之相对应的时间状语。现在进行时表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。因此，这个时态最常用的时间状语是now；但有不少句子并没有now，只能通过提示语如look、listen等或者通过上下文来确定用现在进行时。

Sheiscleaningherroomnow.她正在打扫房间。

Look!Thegirlisdancingoverthere.看！那个女孩在那里跳舞。

canyougoandplaygameswithme?你能和我们一起做游戏吗？

can’tyouseeIamdoingmyhomework?你没看见我正在做作业吗？

6、have/has的用法：)

谓语动词have表示“有”，有两种形式：have和has，前者用于第一人称，第二人称和第三人称复数，后者用于第三人称单数或单数名词。

Ihaveanappleandhehastwobananas.我有一个苹果，他有两个香蕉。

youhaveanewEnglishteacher.你们有了一个新的英语老师。

Ithastwobigeyes.它有一双大眼睛。

julieandjackhaveanicecar.朱莉和杰克有一辆好看的车。

2)

have/has句型与therebe句型的比较：两者都表示“有”，但用法不同。前者表示所属关系，即表示“某人或某物有什么”，而后者表示存在，表示“某地有什么”。

Theyhavesomenewbooks.他们有一些新书。

Therearesomenewbooksontheirdesks.他们桌子上有一些新书。

Shehasalotofprettyskirts.她有很多漂亮的裙子。

Therearealotofprettyskirtsintheshop.商店里有很多漂亮的裙子。

3)

have/has的否定句，一般要加助动词do/does，再加not构成，即donothave/doesnothave

.Shedoesnothaveasister.她没有姐姐。

wedon’thaveanyclassesonSaturday.我们星期六没有课。

AnnandIdon’thaveabigroom.我和安没有一个大房间。

4)

一般疑问句由“助动词Do/Does+主语+have+宾语”构成，回答用yes,…do/does.或者No,…don’t/doesn’t.--Doyouhaveabighouse?他们的房子大吗？

--No,theydon’t.不，他们的房子不大。

--Doeshehaveaneraser?他有橡皮吗？

--yes,hedoes.他有的。

5)特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词+助动词do/does+have构成。

whatdotheyhave?他们有什么？

whatdoeshehave?他有什么？

Howmanytelephonesdotheyhave?他们有几部电话？

7、介词用法：)

具体时间前介词用at。

.Hegetsupathalfpastseveneveryday.他每天七点半起床。

Shegoestobedateleveno’clock.她十一点睡觉。

2)

表示“在早上，在下午，在晚上”的短语中用介词in，且定冠词the不能省略；表示“在中午，在夜里”的短语中介词用at，不加冠词。

inthemorning在早上，intheafternoon在下午，intheevening在晚上

atnoon在中午，atnight在夜里

3)

表示“在某天”、“在某天的上午、下午等”的短语用介词on。

whatdoyouusuallydoonmondaymorning?星期一上午你通常做什么？

DoyousometimesgoouttoeatonFridayevening?有时你星期五晚上出去吃饭吗？

HewatchesDVDsonSaturdaynight.星期六晚上他看DVD。

Parentstakechildrentoparksonjune1.六月一日，家长们带着孩子去公园。

4)

在this,last,next,every等词前面既不加介词，也不用冠词。

whatareyoudoingthisafternoon?今天下午你做什么？

HevisitshisgrandmaeveryFriday.他每个星期五都去看望祖母。

SheisgoingtoShanghainextmonday.她下个星期一去上海。

8、一般现在时

一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，或表示现在的特征或状态。

其动词形式是：动词原形（只有第三人称单数作主语时除外，要加-s）其疑问句和否定句需要用助动词do或does)

肯定句用行为动词原形表示

Theygetupveryearlyeverymorning.他们每天早晨起来很早。

Ivisitmygrandparentsfourtimesamonth.我一个月去看望祖父母四次。

2)

否定句用don’t+动词原形来表示

wedonotgoshoppingonSundays.我们周日不去购物。

Idon’tthinkyoulikethiscolour.我想你不喜欢这个颜色。

3)

一般疑问句则是把助动词do提前至句首，后面动词用原形。回答时，肯定用“yes,主语＋do”；否定句用“No,主语＋don’t”。

–Dotheygotoschoolatseveno’clock?他们七点去上学吗？

--yes,theydo.--Doyoulikethisskirt?你喜欢这条裙子吗？

--No,Idon’t.不，我不喜欢。

一般现在时用来表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与以下的时间状语连用：often经常，always总是，sometimes有时，usually通常，everyday/week每天/周等。

Heusuallygoestoschoolbybike.通常他骑车上学。

Ivisitmygrandparentseveryweek.我每个星期都去看祖父母。

Sheisalwayslateforclass.她总是上课迟到。

myparentsandIsometimesgoouttoeat.我和父母有时出去吃饭。

Itoftenrainshere.这儿常常下雨。

主语为第三人称单数时的一般现在时

一般现在时态，当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词也要是第三人称单数，后要加-s或-es。

Helikesreadingatnight.他喜欢夜里读书。

Sheusuallygoestoschoolbybike.她平时骑车上学。

Thelittlecatdrinksmilkeveryday.小猫每天都喝牛奶。

转换成否定句要加doesn’t，其后的动词用原形。

kellydoesn’tgetupearlyonSaturdaysandSundays.凯丽星期六星期天起床不早。

Hedoesn’tfeelwelltoday.他今天感觉不舒服。

转换成一般疑问句，句首用Does，其后的动词用原形。

Doeshehavelunchatschool?他在学校吃午饭吗？

Doesittakelongbytrain?乘火车要很长时间吗？

第二篇：七年级英语上册语法教案

七年级英语上册语法教案

．动词be（is,a,are）的用法

我用a,你用are，is跟着他，她，它。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后nt加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。

2．this，that和it用法

this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。

距离说话人近的人或物用this,距离说话人远的人或物用that。如：

Thisisafler这是一朵花。

Thatisatree那是一棵树。

放在一起的两样东西，先说this,后说that。如：

ThisisapenThatisapenil这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。

向别人介绍某人时说Thisis„,不说Thatis„。如：

ThisisHelenHelen,thisisT这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。

Thisis不能缩写,而Thatis可以缩写。如：

ThisisabieThat’saar这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。

打电话时，介绍自己用this,询问对方用that。如：

—Hell!IsthatissGreen?喂，是格林小姐吗？

—es,thisish’sthat?是的，我是，你是谁？

注意：虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：Ia„,Areu„？/hareu?

在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时,要用it代替this或that。如：

①—Isthisanteb?这是笔记本吗？

—es,itis是的，它是。

②—hat’sthat?那是什么？

—It’saite是只风筝。

3．these和thse用法

this,that,these和thse是指示代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;thse是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。

①ThisisbedThatisLil’sbed这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。

②Thesepituresaregd那些画很好。

③Arethseappletrees?那些是苹果树吗？

在回答主语是these或thse的疑问句时，通常用the代替these或thse以避免重复。如：

④Arethese/thseurapples?这些是你的苹果吗？

es,theare是的，他们是。

4．名词＋’s所有格

单数名词后直接加“’s”：

i’sat吉姆的外套eff’sther杰夫的妈妈

以s结尾的复数名词，只加“’”

Teahers’Da教师节thetins’bs双胞胎的书

不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数，加“’s”

hildren’sDa儿童节en’sshes男式鞋

表示两者共同拥有时，只在最后一个名词后加’s

LuandLil’sther露茜和莉莉的妈妈

表示两者各自拥有时，要在每个名词后加’s

Lu’sandate’srs露茜和凯特的房间（各自的房间，两间房子）

．Therebe句型

Therebe句型主要用以表达“某处（某时）有某人（某物）。”其基本结构为“Therebe＋某物（某人）＋某地（某时）”其中there是引导词，没有词义；主语是be后面的名词，be是谓语动词，在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记therebe句型结构：

Therebe放句首，主语跟在后。地、时放句末，强调置前头。如：

Thereisabnthedes

有时为了强调地点，也可把介词短语放在句首。如：

nthedesthereisab

Therebe句型中的be动词如何确定呢？请先看看下面这首歌诀：

Be动词，有三个，a，is还有are。“Therebe”真特别，不留a只留俩，那就是is还有are。要用is还是are，须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is，否则就用are。如：

①Thereisatreebehindthehuse

②Thereisseater（水）inthebttle（瓶子）

③Therearesepearsinthebx

注意：如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词，那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说，“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is，是复数就用are。如：

①Thereisabandsepensntheflr

②Therearesepensandabntheflr

6．lie一词的用法

lie用作及物动词，译为“喜欢”。

后接名词或代词，表示喜欢某人或某物。如：

Iliethebabveruh我非常喜欢这个小孩。

后接动名词，表示“喜欢做某事”，着重于习惯、爱好。如：

Tliesplaingftball汤姆喜欢踢足球。

后接动词不定式，表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”，着重于某次具体的行为。如：

Iliereading,butIlietathTVthisevening我喜欢读书，但我今晚想看电视。

7．句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素

主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→e,u→u，she,he,it→the。

如：Sheisagirl→Thearegirls

a，is要变为are。如：

I’astudent→earestudents

不定冠词a，an要去掉。如：

Heisab→Thearebs

普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：

Itisanapple→Theareapples

指示代词this，that要变为these，thse。如：

Thisisabx→Thesearebxes

8．英语日期的表示法

英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词，它们的首字母必须大写，并且前面无需用冠词。

用英语表示日期，其顺序为月+日+年，日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如：August2nd，XX。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如：10tha，XX英语日期前介词的使用：若指在哪一年或哪一月，则用介词in，若具体到某一天，则需用介词n。

9时间的表达法

直读式，即直接读出时间数字

7:0sevenfive8:16eightsixteen

过、差式，即几点差几分，几点过几分。（以30分为分界线）

:2tent-fivepastne2:30halfpastt

3:43seventeentfur4:38tent-ttfive

12小时制

6:00a上午6点8:20p下午8点20分

24小时制

3:0013点钟22:122点1分

1分可用quarter

4:1aquarterpastfur:4aquartertsix

时间前通常用at

at’lat7:30p

10ant用法

想干什么用anttdsth

Theanttinthesprtslub他们想加入运动俱乐部。

第三人称单数作主语，ant要作变化

①Heantstplabasetball

②LiXiaantstplathepian

变疑问句，否定句要借助助动词d或des

①－Duanttplaserball?－es,Id/N,Idn’t

②－Desheanttghebbus?－es,hedes/N,hedesn’t

第三篇：七年级上册英语课本知识点总结

七年级上册

Starter unit 1 重点词汇

good好的morning早上

hi嗨

hello你好 afternoon下午

evening晚上、傍晚

how怎样、如何 are是

you你

I我 am是

fine健康的、美好的 thanks谢谢

ok好、可以

HB 硬黑

CD光盘

BBC英国广播公司 字母任务

Aa

Bb

Cc

Dd

Ee

Ff

Gg

Hh 重点短语

Good morningafternoonevening 早上下午晚上好 重点句型

—Hi, Cindy!How are you? —I’m fine, thank you.How are you? —I’m OK.Starter unit2 重点词汇

What什么

is是

this这,这个

in用,以

English英语；英格兰的;英语的 map地图

cup被子

ruler尺,直尺

pen笔,钢笔

orange橙子

key钥匙

Jacket夹克衫,短上衣

it它

a(用于表示单数)，一(人，事，物)

that那个,那人

spell拼写

please请

P停车场

NBA(美)全国篮球协会

kg千克 字母任务

Ii Jj

Kk

Ll

Mm

Nn

Oo

Pp

Qq

Rr 重点短语

In English 用英语

Look for寻找 Big letters大写字母

small letters小写字母

重点句型

—what’s this in English? —It’s an orange.—Spell it, please.—O-R-A-N-G-E.Starter unit 3 重点词汇

color颜色

red红色(的)

yellow黄色(的)green绿色(的)

blue(蓝色的)black黑色(的)white白色(的)

purple紫色(的)brown棕色(的), 褐色(的)

the特指或者上文已提到的人或事

now现在 see明白,理解

can能, 会

say讲, 说

my我的 SML小中大 码

UFO不明飞行物

CCTV中央电视台 字母任务

Ss

Tt

Uu

Vv

Ww

Xx

Yy

Zz

重点句型

—What’s thisthat? —It’s V.—What color is it? —It’s red.The key is yellow.Unit 1 My name’s Gina.重点词汇

name名字, 名称

nice令人愉快的 to用于动词原形前，动词不定式

meet遇见,相遇

too也；又；太

your你的;你们的 Ms.女士(不强调结婚与否)

his他的 and和;又

her她的 yes是的,可以

she她

he他

no不, 没有,不是 not不,没有

zero零

one一

two二

three三

four四

five五

six六

seven七

eight八

nine九

phonetelephone电话,电话机

number数字;号码

first第一

last最后的;末尾的 friend朋友

China中国

middle中间;中间的school学校 重点短语

telephonephone number电话号码

full name全名

last name=family name 姓

given name=first name 名字

a list of ……的名单

in China 在中国

重点缩写

What’s = what is

name’s = name is

I’m = I am

He’s = he is

she’s = she is 重点句型

What’s your name?

Alan.I’m Alan.My name’s Alan.What’s his name?

He’s Eric.His name is Eric.What’s her name?

She’s Mary.Her name is Mary.Is he Jack?

Yes, he is.No, he isn’t.His name’s Mike.Are you Helen?

Yes, I am.No, I’m not.I’m Gina.Nice to meet you.Nice to meet you, too.Unit 2 This is my sister.重点词汇

sister姐, 妹

mother妈妈

father爸爸

parent父母

brother兄;弟

grandmother外婆;奶奶

grandfather爷爷;外公

grandparent祖父母;外祖父母

family家;家庭

those那些

who谁;什么人

these这些

they他(她，它)们

well好吧

have经受, 经历;有

day一天, 白天

bye再见

son儿子

cousin堂兄(弟、妹、姐);表兄(妹、弟，姐)

grandpa=grandfather

mom妈妈

dad爸爸

aunt姑母, 舅母, 伯母, 姨母

uncle舅父, 伯父, 叔父, 姨夫, 姑父

daughter女儿

here这里

photo照片

of属于, 关于

next接下来(的)

picture照片;图画

girl女孩

dog狗 重点短语

talk about谈论

match sth.with sth.把…..和……配对(连线)askanswer a question问问题回答问题

have a good day(表示祝愿)过的愉快！

Look at看

practice sth.with sb.和某人一起练习…….Make sentences造句

bring to把……带来

a family photo全家福

take to把…….带走 draw a picture画画

family members家庭成员 重点缩写

that’s = that is

who’re = who are

who’s = who is they’re = they are 重点句型

This is my friend Jane.That’s my grandfather.These are my brothers.Those are my parents.Who’s she?

She’s my sister.Who’s he?

He’s my brother.Who’re they?

They are my grandparents.Unit 3

Is this your pencil?

重点词汇

pencil铅笔

book书

eraser橡皮

box箱子，盒子

schoolbag书包

dictionary字典，词典

his他的

mine我的 hers她的 excuse原谅、宽恕

me我thank谢谢

teacher老师

about关于

yours你的,你们的for为了,给,对

help帮助，援助

welcome欢迎

baseball棒球

watch手表

computer电脑

card卡片

game游戏;运动;比赛

notebook笔记本

ring戒指

bag包

in在…..里面

library图书馆

find找到;发现 ask请求;要求;询问

some一些

classroom教室

at在 e-mail电子邮件

call给…..打电话

lost遗失, 丢失 must必须

set一套,一副,一组

重点短语

a set of一套, 一副, 一组

ask….for…请求，恳请

ID card学生卡;身份证

play computer games玩电脑游戏

You’re welcome别客气

thank you for…

为….而感谢

What about….? …..怎么样？ ….好吗？excuse me劳驾;请原谅

pencil box 铅笔盒;文具盒

in classroom在教室 重点缩写

it’s = it is

isn’t = is not

aren’t = are not 重点句型

Is this your pencil?

Yes, it is.It’s mine.No, it isn’t.It’s hers.Is this his green pen?

Yes, it is.No, it isn’t.The blue pen is

his.Is that your schoolbag?

Yes, it is.No, it isn’t.It’s his.Are these your books?

Yes, they are.No, they are not.They’re hers.Are those her keys?

Yes, they are.No, they aren’t.They are mine.Unit 4

Where’s my schoolbag?

重点单词

where在哪里;到哪里

table桌子

bed床

sofa沙发 chair椅子

on在…..上

under在…..下面

come来 desk书桌

think认为;思考;想

room房间

hat帽子 their他们的 head头

know知道;了解

clock时钟 radio收音机;无线广播

tape磁带;录音带;录像带 player播放机

model模型

plane飞机

but但是 tidy整洁的;仅仅有条的 our我们的 always总是 everywhere到处 重点短语

model plane飞机模型

tape player录音机 come on快点儿

on the sofa在沙发上

under the table在桌子下面

on the beddesk在床桌子上

on the right在右边地

write down写下来

close the book把书合上

in the room在房间里 重点缩写

where’s = where is

重点句型

Where’s the map?

It’s in your grandparents’room.Where are my books?

They are on the sofa.Where’s his pencil box?

It’s in his schoolbag.Where’s your ruler?

It’s under the chair.Where are their keys?

They’re on the table.Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball? 重点词汇

do用于构成否定句和疑问句；做；干

have有

tennis网球

ball球

soccer英式足球

let允许，让

volleyball排球

basketball篮球

us我们

go去;走

we我们

late迟到

has有(have第三人称的单数形式)get 去取;得到

great伟大的 play参加;玩耍

sound听起来

interesting有趣的 boring无聊的fun有趣的;乐趣，快乐

difficult困难的 relaxing令人放松的, 轻松的watch注视, 观看

TV电视;电视机

same相同的 love爱;喜爱

with和….在一起;带有

sport体育运动

them他(她，它)们

only仅，只有

like喜欢;喜爱

easy简单的 after在….之后

class班级；课

classmate同班同学

重点短语

watch TV看电视

ping-pong bat乒乓球拍

ping-pong ball乒乓球

number the pictures给图片编号 be late迟到

play basketball打篮球

play football踢足球

play volleyball打网球

play computer games玩电脑游戏

talk about谈论 at school在学校

after class下课后;放学后

on TV在电视上 重点缩写

don’t = do not doesn’t = does not 重点句型

Do you have a baseball?

Yes, I do.No, I don’t.I have a

volleyball.Do you have a ping-pong bat?

Yes, I do.No, I don’t.I have

a ping-pong ball.Does she have a tennis ball?

Yes, she does.No, she doesn’t.She has a baseball.Does he have a soccer ball?

Yes, he does.No, he doesn’t.He has two ping-pong bats.Do they have a basketball?

Yes, they do.No, they don’t.They have a volleyball.Unit 6 Do you like bananas? 重点词汇

banana香蕉 hamburger汉堡包 tomato西红柿

salad沙拉

ice-cream冰激凌

strawberry草莓

pear梨

milk牛奶

bread面包

birthday生日

dinner正餐

week星期

food食物

sure当然;肯定;一定

vegetable蔬菜

fruit水果

right正确的apple苹果

then那么

egg鸡蛋

carrot胡萝卜

rice大米

chicken鸡肉

so那么

breakfast早餐;早饭

lunch午餐

star明星;星星

eat吃

well好;令人满意的 habit习惯

healthy健康的really正真地

question问题

want想要;需要

be变成question问题

fat肥的；肥胖的 重点短语

How about…怎么样？ think about 思考

next week下星期

sound(s)good 听起来不错

eating habits饮食习惯

want to dobe 想要做成为 重点句型

Do you like salad?

Yes, I do.No, I don’t.Do they like pears?

Yes, they do.No, they don’t.Does she like tomatoes?

Yes, she does.No, she doesn’t.I like oranges.I don’t like bananas.We like rice.We don’t like hamburgers.He likes ice-cream.He doesn’t like vegetables.Unit 7 How much are these socks? 重点词汇

Much许多;大量

sock短袜

T-shirt T恤

shorts短裤

sweater毛衣

trousers裤子

shoe鞋子

skirt裙子

dollar美元

bog大的;大号的 small小的;小号的short短的;矮的 long长的 woman女子

need需要

look看

pair一双;一对

take买下;拿；取

buy买

ten十

eleven十一

twelve十二

thirteen十三

fifteen十五

eighteen十八

twenty二十

thirty三十

Mr.先生

clothes服装;衣服

store商店

sale出售

sell卖

all所有的 very非常

price价格

boy男孩 重点短语

a pair of一双

Here you are给你

Can I help you? 我能帮助你吗？ How much?......多少钱？ I’ll take it.我买了，我要了。

In purple穿紫色的(那个人)How about……? …….怎么样？ 重点句型

How much is the hat？

It’s five dollars.How much is this T-shirt?

It’s seven dollars.How much is that brown sweater?

It’s eight dollars.How much are these socks?

They are two dollars.How much are those black trousers?

They are nine dollars.Unit 8.When is your birthday? 重点词汇

when 什么时候

mouth月份

January一月

February二月

March三月

April四月

May五月

June六月

July七月

August八月

September九月

October十月

November十一月

December十二月

happy高兴的old年老的;旧的party聚会;晚会 first第一

second第二

third第三

fifth第五

eighth第八

ninth第九

twelfth第十二

twentieth第二十

test测验;检测

trip 旅行

art艺术;美术

festival节日

dear亲爱的 student学生

thing东西;事情

term学期

busy忙碌的 time时间

there（在）那里 重点短语

Have a good time!过的愉快

Happy birthday!生日快乐！

How old….? ……多大年纪？…..几岁了？

See you再见

at three在三点

find out找出

the youngest最小(年轻）的人

the oldest最年长的人

Children’s Day儿童节

National Day 国庆节

Women’s Day妇女节

New Year’s Day新年 重点句型

When is your birthday?

My birthday is on May 2nd.When is his birthday?

His birthday is on January17th.When is her birthday?

It’s in August.When is Alice’s birthday?

Her birthday is on September 5th.When is your father’s birthday? His birthday is on April 21th.Unit 9

My favorite subject is science.重点词汇

favorite特别喜爱的(人事)

subject学科；科目

science科学

P.E.体育

music音乐

math数学

Chinese语文;汉语；汉语的;中国的 geography地理(学)history历史

why为什么

because因为

Monday星期一

Friday星期五

Saturday星期六

free空闲的 cool酷的Tuesday星期二

Wednesday星期三

Thursday星期四

Sunday星期日

useful有益的 from从…..开始

Mrs.太太，夫人

finish完成;做好

lesson课;一节课

hour小时

重点短语

from…..to…..从…..到……

for sure无疑，肯定

think of想起；认为

重点句型

What’s your favorite subject?

My favorite subject is

science.What’s his favorite subject?

His favorite subject is Chinese.What’s her favorite subject?

Her favorite subject is art.Why does Bob like history?

Because it’s interesting.Why do Bob and Frank like P.E.?

Because it’s fun.Who is your music teacher?

My music teacher is Ms.Xie.When is your geography class?

It’s on Monday and Friday.

第四篇：英语知识点与语法总结

英语知识点与语法总结 必修1 核心单词 1.add vt.& vi.增加；加；加起来；补充说； 又说 常用结构：

add to增添；增加；增进

add...to...把……增添到…… add up合计，相加

add up to总数为；总计为

He added some wood to increase the fire.他添了一些木柴，使火更旺些。

If you add 4 to 3 you get 7.四加三得七。Unit 1 Friendship Page No.11 Page No.12 ①解析：选C。考查动词辨析。句意为：我要说的就是这些，约翰你还有什么要补充的吗？ ②解析：选D。add to的意思是―添加到‖。2.upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的

vt.(upset, upset)使不安；使心烦；打翻；打乱 联想拓展

be upset by...被…… 打乱

upset oneself about sth.为某事烦恼

Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit.她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。

Don‘t upset yourself — no harm has been done.不要难过——并没有造成任何伤害。He was horribly upset over her illness.他为她的病而忧心忡忡。

The students really upset her.学生们着实让她烦恼。

高手过招

用upset的适当形式填空（原创）①The food

my stomach.②She felt rather

on hearing the news.③Is it an

message? ④Don‘t be

.It will be OK.①upset ②upset ③upsetting ④upset 3.ignore vt.不理睬；忽视

I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely.我向她打招呼，可是她根本不理我。He ignored the speed limit and drove very fast.他不顾时速限制，把车开得飞快。联想拓展

ignorant adj.(对某事物）不了解的；无知的；无学识的 be ignorant of/about sth.不知道；没有意识到 ignorance n.无知；愚昧；不知道

be in ignorance of/about sth.不知道某事

易混辨析

ignore/neglect/overlook ignore 通常指有意不顾，或不理会显而易见的事物。neglect 侧重指有意的忽略或忽视，也可指粗心与疏忽。overlook指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。高手过招

（1）用ignore/neglect/overlook的适当形式填空（原创）①We could not afford to

such a serious offence.②He utterly

my warnings and met with an accident.③Don‘t

to pay him a visit now and then.(1)①overlook ②ignored ③neglect（2）单项填空

—So you didn‘t say hello to him last night?

—Well, I stopped and smiled when I saw him, but he

me and walked on.模）

A.Ignored

B.refused

C.denied

D.missed Page No.15(2)解析：选A。答句句意为：我看到他就停下来冲他微笑，但是 他没理我就走了。ignore不理睬，忽视；refuse拒绝；deny否认，拒绝给予；miss怀念，错过。4.concern n.［U］关心，担心，担忧；［C］有利害关系的事

vt.涉及，关系到，参与；使担心 联想拓展

concerning

prep.关于

concerned

adj.有关的；担心的 concern sb.与某人有关

be concerned with sth.牵涉，与……有关；参与 concern oneself with 关心

be concerned about/for/over sth.担心；关心某事

as/so far as...be concerned关于；至于；就……而言 As far as I am concerned, you can go wherever you want.就我而言，你什么时候走都行。

We read stories concerning visitors from outer space.我们读了关于天外来客的故事。

I was very concerned about my mother‘s illness.我很担心母亲的病情。

2010·杭州一（高手过招

（1）单项填空

The meeting was concerned

reforms and everyone present was concerned

their own interests.（2010·福建厦门双十中学检测）

A.with;for B.for;which C.for;about

D.about;with（2）用concern的适当形式填空（原创）①There is an article that

the rise of the prices.②The children are rather

about their mother‘s health.③Officials should

themselves

public affairs.(1)解析：选A。句意为：这次会议牵涉到改革，在场的每个人都很担心自己的利益。be concerned with 牵涉到,和……有关；be concerned for/about

担心；关心。(2)①concerns ②concerned ③concern；with 5.settle vi.安家；定居；停留 vt.使定居；安排；解决

Both wanted to settle their scores.双方都愿意尽弃前嫌。常用结构：

settle down 镇定下来 settle in 在……定居

He settled his child in a corner of the compartment.他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。The family has settled in Canada.这家人已定居加拿大。Page No.18 高手过招 单项填空 ①—Do you know anyone in Paris? —No.I‘ll make friends once.（2010·福建厦门六中检测）A.I‘m settled

B.I have settled C.I‘ll be settled

D.I‘m settling ②The brake of your bicycle has come loose.You‘d better it.（2010·陕西西安交大附中）A.settle

B.fix C.pick

D.correct ①解析：选A。settle作―安家‖讲时，既可用settle，也可用be settled。本题是由once(一旦)引起的时间状语从句，故用一般现在时表将来。②解析：选B。由句意可知，因为自行车的车闸坏了，因此要―修理‖。Page No.19 6.suffer vt.遭受；忍受；蒙受

vi.后接from/for意为―受……之苦‖，―患……疾病‖ 常用结构：

suffer an attack/a defeat/losses/pains 遭受打击/失败/损失/痛苦 He suffered hard pains from the accident.他忍受着事故带来的痛苦。

Do you suffer from headaches? 你经常头痛吗?

She‘s suffering from loss of memory.她患有遗忘症。联想拓展

sufferer n.受苦者，受难者 suffering n.痛苦，苦难

Page No.20 高手过招

（1）单项填空

In the countryside there are many dropouts(辍学者).I think the poor economic conditions.（2010·浙江嘉兴一轮检测）

A.lies in

B.result in C.leads to

D.suffers from（2）翻译句子

我们在金融危机中损失惨重。

(1)解析：选A。考查短语辨析。lie in在这里相当于because of。(2)We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.Page No.21 重点短语 7.go through 经历；经受；检查；浏览；用完；做完 The country has gone through too many wars.这个国家经历了太多的战争。

She‘s gone through a bad patch recently.她最近经历了一段困难时期。

Have you gone through all your money already? 你把所有的钱都花完了吗？

I went through the students‘ papers last night.昨晚我仔细阅读了学生的试卷。联想拓展

go after追求；追赶

go ahead 前进；请说（做）吧 go by走过；（时间）过去 go along with向前；（与......)一起去 go in for爱好；从事 Page No.22 go out 外出；（灯，火）熄灭 go over 越过；复习

go through with 做完；完成go up 爬上；（价格等）上升 高手过招 单项填空 ①We‘d better try to

with the experiment, I think.Now let‘s

the difficulty

with it.（2010·河南许昌一模）

A.go through;go on

B.go on;go over C.go over;go through

D.go on;go through ②If a person has taken too much medicine by mistake, you should make the person

.（2010·平顶山一中月考）

A.go up

B.rise up C.throw up

D.set up Page No.23 ①解析：选A。go through with sth.意思是―做完，完成‖；go on with 意思是―继续‖。②解析：选C。throw up的意思是―呕吐；吐出‖。8.get sth.done 让别人做某事/使得某事被做

done是过去分词作宾语补足语，与have sth.done句型的用法一样。get sb./sth.doing使某人/某事物……起来 get sb.to do sth.使/让某人做某事

get done（状态的改变）get作系动词，相当于be get away逃脱；离开 get back回来；取回 get by维持生活；通过

get down to sth./doing sth.开始认真做某事 get in进站；到达；收集 get off下来；下车

get on上车；进展；进步 Page No.24 get cross(对……)生气，发脾气 get in one‘s way挡路，妨碍 get used to doing sth.习惯做某事 get involved in涉及

get in touch with和……取得联系 get it了解，懂得，明白 高手过招

（1）单项填空

The final examination is coming up soon.It‘s time for us to

our studies.焦作一中月考）

A.get down to

B.get out C.get back for

D.get over（2）完成句子（原创）①讲解后，老师让我们思考起问题来。

Shortly after the explanation the teacher got us

.Page No.25 ②我们将很快为你订制一套新衣服。

We will get a new suit

for you.③她试图使他说话。

She tried to get him

.2010·河南（(1)解析：选A。该题根据交际情景考查短语动词的用法。根据题意，此处指开始认真学习，故选A。get down to开始认真考虑，符合题意。get out出去，离开，逃脱，泄露；get back for回来，恢复；get over爬过；克服，熬过；恢复，原谅。故B、C、D三项均不符合题意。(2)①thinking ②made ③to talk 9.set down 放下；记下；登记

Passengers may be set down and picked up only at the official stops.乘客只有在正式车站方可上下车。Page No.26 联想拓展

set about(doing sth.)着手（做某事）set out(to do sth.)开始，着手(做某事)set aside留出；不顾

set back（把钟等）往回拨；推迟 set free释放；解放

set off动身，出发（去某地）；使爆炸 set out动身，出发；安排，组织 set up开办；建立；设立 set an example to树立榜样

set fire to...= set...on fire纵火烧 be set in以……为背景

The bad weather set back the building programme by several weeks.由于天气恶劣，建筑计划延误了好几个星期。We need to set about finding a solution.我们得着手寻找一个解决办法。Page No.27 温馨提示

set about 和set out都可作―开始/着手做某事‖讲，但set about 后加doing sth.，加 to do sth.。

高手过招 单项填空

As soon as he got to the office, he the students‘ papers.（2010·山东济南一中月考）A.got down to correct B.got down to correcting C.set down to correcting D.sit down to correcting

解析：选B。get down to意思是―着手做某事‖，其中to是介词，后跟名词或动名词。

Page No.28 10.on purpose 故意

The boy broke Jack‘s window on purpose.He wanted to frighten Jack.那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克。

而set out后 联想拓展

purpose n.目的，用途；目标；重要意义 for the purpose of 为了……

to little/no purpose 作用不大/徒劳

The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university.这本书的目的是全面介绍这所大学。高手过招

用purpose的适当形式或短语填空（原创）①He didn‘t do it

.②What was your

? ①on purpose ②purpose Page No.29 11.join in 参加；加入

They didn‘t have enough time to join in the activity.他们没有足够的时间来参加这个活动。联想拓展

join sb.in sth.与某人一起做某事 join up入伍；参军

join up with sb.与某人联合；会合

join hands with sb.与某人拉起手来；合伙；联合

Will you join me in a walk? 你愿意和我一起散步吗？ Let us join hands in friendship.让我们携手共建友谊吧。Page No.30 易混辨析

join in/join/take part in/attend join in 参加正在进行着的活动。如游戏、讨论、辩论、谈话等。join ①参加某组织或团体，并成为其中一员;②来和某人待在一起。

take part in 参加会议或有组织的群众性活动，并在其中发挥一定的作用。

attend 正式用语，指参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学、听报告等，句子的主语是去听去看，自己不一定起积极作用，相当于be present。高手过招

用join/join in/take part in/attend的适当形式填空（原创）①I decided to

the club to have dance training.②Would you like me

to the game? ③I

a meeting last month.④I will have to

his funeral next week.①join ②join in ③took part in/attended ④attend Page No.31 重点句型

12....but your friend can‘t go until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle.……但是你的朋友不把自行车弄干净不能走。

not...until 意为―直到……才‖，表示主句谓语的动作直到until状语的时间才发生，主句的谓语动词表示的是动作的开始。until引导从句时，如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动作，则主句用肯定式；如果主句中的谓语动词是短暂性动词，则用否定形式。

―It is/was not until+被强调的部分+that...‖相当于―Not until...did(does, do, is...)+主语...‖意为―直到……才‖，是强调形式。

You must stay in bed until your temperature is normal.体温正常后，你才能起床。

He didn‘t leave until the meeting was over.直到会议结束他才离开。Page No.32 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star.=Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star.=I didn‘t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位电影明星。高手过招 单项填空 ①Not until

，settle the problem.（2010·潍坊一轮验收）A.he returns;can we

B.he returns;we can

C.does he returns;we can

D.does he return;we can ②It was

back home after the experiment.A.not until midnight did he go B.until midnight that he didn‘t go C.not until midnight that he went D.until midnight when he didn‘t go Page No.33 ①解析：选A。当not until位于句首时句子需倒装。句意为：直到他回来我们才能解决这个问题。②解析：选C。强调句型It is/was...that对not until...进行强调时，需把not until...放到强调结构中，故选C。

13.While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗的时候，你太大意了，一松手，狗就被车撞了。

while walking the dog是连词while加现在分词短语结构，强调分词的动作正在发生，相当于while you were walking the dog。

在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致，谓语含有系动词be，可以省略从句的主语和系动词be。

When crossing the street, you should be careful.过马路时，你应当小心。

If heated, water can be turned into vapour.如果受热，水会变成蒸气。Page No.34 温馨提示

在状语从句中，如果从句的主语为it时，也可以将it和助动词be省略。

Whenever possible they would stop him and ask the three questions.可能的话，他们就让他停下问他这三个问题。高手过招 单项填空 ①

with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.（2010·山东莱州检测）

A.Compares

B.When comparing C.Comparing

D.When compared ②

the two systems, little man found the latter advantageous.(原创)A.Compare

B.When compared C.Compared

D.When comparing Page No.35 ①解析：选D。考查状语从句的省略用法。在状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语相同或者主语为it时，可以将从句中的主语或者it和助动词be省略。本句是将状语从句―When it is compared with the size of the whole earth‖中的it is省略，因此正确答案为D。②解析：选D。考点省略。在状语从句中，当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，通常采用省略形式。句中的little man与compare之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故选D。

14.I wonder if it‘s because I haven‘t been able to be outdoors for so long that I‘ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。

此句中的it‘s...that是强调句型。关于强调句型，我们需要掌握以下几点： Page No.36（1）强调句型的基本结构：

―It is/was+被强调的成分+that/who+其他成分‖用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分。that只起连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。当被强调部分为sb.作宾语时，可用who,也可用that,其他情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语在人称与数上保持一致。

（2）特殊句式中的强调句型： ①如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示―到底‖、―究竟‖等语气时，就用如下结构： ―特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+该句的其余部分‖，that/who后只能使用陈述语序。②在―not...until‖结构中，由until所引导的短语（或从句）作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：―It+is/was+not until...+that+该句的其余部分‖，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。

Page No.37（3）强调句型要注意和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。判断是否是强调句，可采用―还原法‖。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成分完整，则是强调句，否则不是。It was three o‘clock when I got home.我到家的时候三点。

It was at three o‘clock that I got home.三点钟我到的家。

It was in his town that he was brought up.他是在镇上被养大的。（强调句）

It was this town where/in which he was brought up.这是他被抚养长大的城镇。（定语从句）

（4）英语中常用助动词do, does或did强调谓语。He did go to the airport yesterday, but he didn‘t find you.他昨天确实去了机场，但他没有找到你。Page No.38 It is I that/who am going for a holiday with Mary.是我跟玛丽一块儿去度假。

When is it that we will have a meeting? 我们什么时候开会？ 高手过招 单项填空

It is in that poor village，Mary lived and worked 15 years ago，she will build her first school, which inspires everyone to help her.（原创）A.where;when

B.that;that C.that;when

D.where;that 解析：选D。句意为：就是在那个她生活和工作了15年的贫穷的村庄，玛丽将要建起她的第一座学校，这一点鼓舞了人们来帮她。第一空为where引导的非限制性定语从句，第二空填that,构成强调句型，强调地点状语。

Page No.39 15.I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do...我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账……

as引导的从句为比较状语从句，意为―像大多数人那么做‖。as 用作连词，可引导下列状语从句： ①引导时间状语从句，强调主句谓语与从句谓语的同时性； ②引导让步状语从句，表示―尽管，虽然，即使‖（从句需倒装）； ③引导方式状语从句，表示―以……方式‖； ④引导原因状语从句(=since;because)，意为―由于，因为‖； ⑤引导比较状语从句。

As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.随着他年纪越来越大，他失去了对所有事物的兴趣，除了园艺。Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt.尽管天气冷，我哥哥只穿了一件衬衫。Page No.40 Why didn't you take the medicine as I told you to? 为什么你没有按我说的来服这种药？ As you were not there, I left a message.因为当时你不在那，所以我给你留了便条。She is as tall as you.她和你一样高。高手过招 单项填空 ①

as he is, he speaks English well.（2010·山西太原一中月考）A.Little child

B.A little child C.The little child

D.Child little ②In some countries，are called ―public schools‖ are not owned by the public.（2010·11·江西新余一中质量检测）

A.which

B.as

C.what

D.that Page No.41 ①解析：选B。在让步状语从句中，作表语的名词如果提前，该名词常省去冠词，但若名词前有修饰语时，就不省略冠词。②解析：选C。考查what引导的主语从句。what在主语从句中作主语。句意为：在许多国家，所谓的公立学校并非公众拥有。

16....it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...……这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……

如果前面是―it(will be)is/this(will be)is/that(will be)is+the first/second time that...‖句式，表示―某人第几次做某事‖。其中,that引导的是定语从句，后面句子的时态用现在完成时；如果前面是it(would be)was..., 后面则用过去完成时。It is the first time that I have come to Zhuhai.这是我第一次来珠海。

It was the second time that she had visited London.那是她第二次游览伦敦。Page No.42 温馨提示

如果time前有last修饰，此时我们一般不用完成时态。

注意：the first time可起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句；for the first time意为―第一次‖单独用作状语。

This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.这是我最后一次给你们上课了。

高手过招(1)单项填空 ①It's the third time

late this week.（原创）A.that you are

B.you are C.when you arrived

D.that you have been ②It was for the first time that he

to the party.A.Invited

B.had been invited C.has been invited

D.was invited(2)翻译句子（原创）

This will be the second time that I have been to the Great Wall.Page No.43（1）①解析：选D。―It is the +序数词+time+ that从句‖为固定句型，从句谓语动词必须用现在完成时。②解析：选D。it was...that是强调结构，句中强调状语―for the first time‖故选D。（2）这将会是我第二次去长城。Page No.44 Unit 2 English around the world 核心单词 1.command n.& vt.命令；指令；掌握

The officer commanded his soldiers to fire.那名军官命令士兵们开火。

A general is a man who commands a large number of soldiers.将军是统率众多士兵的人。常用结构：

at/ by sb‘s command 听某人支配 take command of

控制 in command of

指挥着 Page No.45 under one‘s command 由某人的指挥

under the command of sb.在某人的指挥下

command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事

command(=order)that...命令……（从句用虚拟语气，即should+ do 形式，should可省略）联想拓展

commander n.指挥官

高手过招

用适当的介词填空（原创）①For the first time in years, she felt she was

command of her life.②The army is

the king‘s direct command.③The police arrived and took command

the situation.①in ②under/at/by ③of Page No.46 2.request vt.&n.请求；恳求；要求 常用结构：

request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事 request sth.from/of sb.向某人要求某物

request that sb.(should)do sth.要求某人做某事 make a request/requests 发出请求

at the request of sb.＝at sb.‘s request依照某人的请求 易混辨析

request/demand/require request表示―有礼貌的请求；正式的请求‖。

demand表示―有正当权利的要求‖，因此含有―坚决或强烈要求‖的意思。

require表示―要求所必须的东西；法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求‖。但它们也有不同之处： Page No.47 ①require和request都可以接宾语+to do sth.结构，而demand没有此种用法。但可以说demand of sb.to do sth.②require+动名词时，主动形式的动名词具有被动意义，而demand，request无此种用法。They are demanding higher wages.他们要求提高工资。

Do you require anything else? 你还要求（需要）别的吗？

Many people have requested this next song.许多人要求听下面这首歌。

They required me to keep silent.他们要求我保持沉默。The letter requested us to leave the house within six weeks.这封信要求我们六周内搬出这所房子。温馨提示

以上三个词的共同点是：从语法上看，request和demand，require都可以接that引导的宾语从句，并且在从句中要使用虚拟语气。

Page No.48 高手过招 单项填空 ①One of the requirements for a fire is that the material

to its burning temperature.（2010·陕西师大附中月考）

A.be heated

B.is heated C.would be heated

D.do heat ②—Why were you late for such an important concert? —The plane arrived at the airport after a

of three hours.（2010·陕西商洛一轮检测）

A.delay

B.rest

C.tour

D.request ①解析：选A。如同require, demand, order, suggest, advise, insist, request等动词要求其后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气一样，它们所对应的名词的同位语从句和表语从句也要求使用虚拟语气，即：should+动词原形。故选A。②解析：选A。上句询问―迟到的原因‖，因此下句中的名词应是与―迟到‖意义有关的名词，所以只能选择―延误‖。Page No.49 3.recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认 常用结构：

recognize sb.认出某人

recognize one‘s voice听出某人的声音 recognize...as...认定；承认……为……

recognize sb./sth....to be...认为某人/某事物是…… recognize that...承认……

When he walked out of the station, I recognized him immediately.当他从车站里走出来时，我立刻认出了他。

Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir.大家都承认他为合法继承人。Page No.50 高手过招 单项填空

—Oh, it‘s you!I

you.—I have just had my hair cut, and I‘m wearing new glasses.（2010·山东淄博六中检测）

A.hadn‘t recognized

B.haven‘t recognized C.didn‘t recognize

D.don‘t recognize

解析：选C。前句的句意为：哦，是你呀！我刚才没有认出你来。所以要用一般过去时。

4.direction n.［C］ 方向；方面;［U］指导；指挥 常用结构：

in the direction of 朝……的方向(=towards)in sb‘s direction 朝某人的方向(=towards sb.)under one‘s direction 在……指导下(=under the direction of sb.)Page No.51 Tom went off in one direction and Jack in another.汤姆往一个方向走，杰克往另外一个方向走。

Reforms are needed in many directions.许多方面都需要改革。He is walking in the direction of the police station.他正朝警察局的方向走去。

He glanced in her direction and their eyes met.他朝她这个方向一看，俩人的眼睛相遇了。

The singing group is under the direction of Mr Lee.合唱团由李先生指挥。温馨提示

direction意为―指示；指引；用法说明‖等，通常要用复数形式。注意：表示邮件上的―姓名地址‖时，也用复数形式。Follow the directions on the medicine bottle.请按药瓶上的说明服药。

Page No.52 高手过招

（1）单项填空

Those who learn theory must develop

the direction of practice.（2010·山东枣庄一轮验收）

A.to

B.on

C.in

D.for（2）完成句子（原创）①I gave Mary full

(地址)to enable her to find the post office.②He did the work

(在我的指导下).（1）解析：选C。in the direction of为固定搭配，意为―朝……方向‖。注意不要用介词to。（2）①directions

②under my direction 重点短语

5.more than one 意为―不止一个‖，虽然在意义上表示复数，但作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数，与many a(许多)用法一样；如果more修饰复数可数名词再跟than one作主语时，其谓语动词则要用复数。Page No.53 More than one member has protested against the proposal.不止一个成员反对这个建议。

More than one person has been concerned in this.这里面涉及的不仅是一个人。

More persons than one have been involved.涉及的不仅仅是一个人。联想拓展 ―more than+ adj.‖意为―很；非常‖。

在―more...than...‖中，肯定―more‖后面的，而否定―than‖后面的，意为―是……而不是……‖或者―与其……不如……‖。

―more than...can/could‖是英语里的一个常见结构，可把more than理解为not,表示否定，该结构意为―非……所能……；是……所不能……；不是……所能……‖。more often than not 经常；往往

In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments.做科学实验时，对待仪器必须非常小心才行。Page No.54 If you tell your father what you have done, he will be more than a little angry.如果你把所做的事情告诉你父亲，他会非常生气的。Catherine is more diligent than intelligent.与其说凯瑟琳聪明，不如说她勤奋。

高手过招

完成句子（原创）①当我的老朋友布莱恩怂恿我抽一支烟时，我可再也熬不住了。

When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was

.②可能的解释不止一个。There is

.①more than I could bear ②more than one possible explanation Page No.55 6.because of 因为；由于是介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词及what从句。She got hurt because of what you‘d said.她因为你的话而受到伤害。

due to 意为―由于‖常作表语，也作后置定语和状语。thanks to意为―多亏；由于‖只作状语。owing to意为―由于‖常作状语。as a result of意为―由于‖作状语。易混辨析

because/as/since/for because表示直接原因，语气最强。回答why提出的问题只能用because。在强调句型中，也只能用because。

as用于解释做某事的原因，语气较弱，通常位于主句前。

since表示的原因是指人们已知的事实，常意为―既然‖。语气比because弱，但比as强。通常位于主句前，并常与as换用。

for并列连词，连接并列分句，表示一种补充说明，是推测或判断的理由，语气较弱，不可位于主句前。有时可表示直接原因，相当于because。

Page No.56 高手过招 单项填空

①People crowded on the road and could not go forward

the traffic accident some cars had made.（2010·山西太原五中检测）

A.with

B.since C.because of

D.because ②People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her.,she is a great musician.（2010·陕西西安二中检测）

A.After all

B.As a result C.In other words

D.As usual ①解析：选C。考查表示―原因‖的几个词的用法。since与because都是连词，连接句子，with表示原因时，前面多是形容词。如His face was red with cold.他的脸冻得通红。because of为介词短语，后跟名词或动名词短语，故选C。②解析：选A。after all毕竟；as a result结果；in other words换句话说；as usual照例。根据题意选择A。Page No.57 7.come up 走近；上来；提出

The little boy came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。

We won‘t forget the day when we watched the sun come up on top of the Tai Mountain.我们不会忘记一同在泰山顶看日出的那天。

It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。The snowdrops are just beginning to come up.雪莲花刚刚开始长出地面。

I am afraid something urgent has come up.恐怕发生了什么急事。Page No.58 联想拓展

come true

变成现实，成为现实 come across

邂逅 come about

发生

come at

向……扑来,攻击 come from

来自

come out

出版;开花；结果是 come up with

想出

come round

绕道而来；苏醒 come down

落下,塌下

come over

（从远处）来到；横过 come into use

开始使用 how come...?(表示理解)……怎么回事？ when it comes to sth.当涉及某事时

How come her French is so bad if she spent 5 years in pairs? 她在巴黎待了5年，但她的法语怎么这么糟糕。When it comes to getting things done, he is useless.一涉及到做事，他便不中用了。Page No.59 高手过招

（1）单项填空

They aren‘t afraid when they

the difficulties in their study.（2010·河南镇平质量检测）

A.come up

B.come to C.come about

D.come out（2）用come构成的短语填空（原创）①The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear

him.②The magazine

once a month.③I wish you can

to England on your holiday.④The engineers have

new ways of saving energy.⑤They

an old school friend in the street this morning.Page No.60（1）解析：选B。考查短语辨析。come to此处意为―涉及，提到‖；come about意为―产生‖，如:How did the difference between American English and British English come about? come up意为―到来，来到‖；come out意为―出来，长出，发芽‖。（2）①came at ②comes out ③come over ④come up with ⑤came across 8.such as

例如……；像这样的 易混辨析

such as/for example/that is/and so on such as用来列举事物。通常插在被举例的带有解释性质的事物与前面的需要进行解释的名词之间，意为―比如；诸如……之类的‖，可与 like 互换，as 后不能有逗号。

for example同for instance一样起到补充说明的作用，表明在众多的内容中仅取一两个例子，可放在举例之前或之后，意为―例如，举个例子‖。Page No.61 that is 是后面列举的事物的总量等于它前面所提到的总和，相当于namely。也用that is to say。

and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用and so on进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出。

Boys like to play balls, such as football and basketball.男孩子喜欢打球，比如足球和篮球。

Some students, Li Jun, for example, live in the country.有些学生，如李军，住在农村。

I have three good friends, that is, John, Jack and Tom.我有三个好朋友，即约翰、杰克和汤姆。

There are some books, pens, erasers and so on in my bag.我的书包里有书、笔、橡皮等。Page No.62 高手过招 单项填空

A lot of countries have gained excellent achievements in space technology, China，.（2010·安徽合肥八中检测）

A.such as

B.for example

C.namely

D.and so on 解析：选B。四个词中只有for example 位置灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末。

9.play a part(in)扮演一个角色；参与

She plays an active part in local politics.她积极参与地方政治活动。

She played a major part in the success of the scheme.她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。Page No.63 联想拓展

take part(in sth.)参加, 参与（某事）

the best part of sth.（某事物的）绝大部分（尤指一段时间）for the most part整体上;通常;多半 for my part就我来说 高手过招

翻译句子（原创）①有多少国家要参加（世界杯赛）？ ②对我来说, 到哪儿吃饭都无所谓。①How many countries will be taking part(in the World Cup)? ②For my part, I don‘t mind where we eat.Page No.64 重点句型

10.Which country do you think has the most English learners? 你觉得学英语最多的是哪个国家？

do you think/believe/expect/find/know/suppose 作为插入语，放在特殊疑问词后，其他内容紧跟其后并用陈述语序。

What time do you expect we will come and pick you up？ 你希望我们几点来接你？

What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news？ 你认为他听到那个好消息后会做什么呢？

Why do you think their team could win the football match? 你认为他们队为什么能赢得那场足球赛呢？ Page No.65 高手过招 单项填空

─

is the best football player in your city? ─Jerry.（2010·江苏盐城质量检测）A.Do you think who B.Do you think whom C.Who do you think D.Whom do you think 解析：选C。句中主要部分为who is the best football player in your city。插入语为do you think。11.Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，（世界上）没有什么标准英语。

(1)believe it or not在句中用作插入语，意为―信不信由你；我说的是真的‖。Page No.66 联想拓展

常用作插入语的还有： generally speaking一般来说 frankly speaking坦白地说 judging from...从……来判断

to tell you the truth说真的；老实说 to be honest说实在的

to make matters worse更糟糕的是 高手过招

单项填空 ①

, boys are stronger than girls.（2010·江苏徐州质量检测）

A.To speak generally

B.Generally to speak C.Generally speaking

D.Generally spoken ②

the hat he , the man is a soldier.（2010·浙江温州一模）

A.Judging from;is wearing C.To judge by;putting B.Judging by;is having on

D.Judged by;is putting Page No.67（1）①解析：选C。插入语generally speaking意为―一般来说‖是固定搭配，指常规。②解析：选A。judging from为固定搭配，在这里judging不与the man形成逻辑上的主动或被动关系。wear, have on, dress都有―穿，戴‖的意思，但搭配和意义不同。wear和have on都可以表示―穿着‖的状态，然而have on没有进行时态；dress可以作及物和不及物动词，作不及物动词的意思是―穿衣‖，作及物动词时宾语是人。(2）such上述一类的；诸如此类的 联想拓展

no such...as没有这样的…… such as例如

such...as...像……这样的…… such...that...这样……以至于…… 易混辨析

such...that.../such...as...在such...that...结构中，that是从属连词，引导结果状语从句，在从句中不作成分。Page No.68 在such...as...结构中，as是关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中常作宾语。

He is reading such a book as you borrowed from the library last week.他在读的书和你上周从图书馆借来的一样。（as是关系代词，引导定语从句）

He is reading such an interesting book that I want to borrow it.他在读的书这么有趣，我想借来读读。（that引导结果状语从句）

高手过招

单项填空 ①Exercise is

as any other to lose unwanted weight.（2010·四川成都六中检测）A.so useful a way

B.as a useful way C.as useful a way

D.such a useful way ②I suggest that we should take part in more such activities in future we did yesterday.（2010·江西南昌一中二模）

A.which

B.as

C.that

D.than Page No.69（2）①解析：选C。as...as结构中出现单数可数名词时，不定冠词和名词应放在形容词之后。so...as只用于否定句，故不能选A。②解析：选B。当先行词被such修饰时，关系代词用as。Page No.70 Unit 3 Travel journal 核心单词 1.persuade vt.说服；劝服；使相信(同convince)常用结构：

persuade sb.of sth.使某人相信某事 persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事

persuade sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事

persuade sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不要做某事 persuade sb.that-clause 使某人相信…… Page No.71 联想拓展

talk sb.into/out of doing sth.=reason sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事

trick sb.into/out of doing sth.诱使某人做/不做某事 urge sb.into/out of doing sth.怂恿某人做/不做某事

易混辨析

advise/persuade advise 强调―劝告，建议‖的动作，不注重结果；而persuade强调―已经说服‖，重在结果。用法上：advise可跟v.-ing形式作宾语，也可以接that-clause（that sb.should do）,而persuade则不能。

I persuaded him of its truth.我使他相信这是真的。

We will persuade him to take the medicine.我们将说服他把药吃下去。

We persuaded her into taking the job.我们说服她接受了这份工作。

Page No.72 I persuaded my father out of smoking.我劝服父亲戒了烟。

She persuaded me that death does not end all.她说服我相信了死并不能结束一切。

He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to.即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去了。

He advised that we(should)leave early.他建议我们早点出发。

高手过招 单项填空 ①Alice trusts you;only you can

her to give up the foolish idea.（2010·安徽合肥八中检测）

A.suggest

B.attract

C.tempt

D.persuade ②Mr Li no longer smokes now because his wife

him to give up smoking last year.（2010·江苏常州检测题）

A.suggested

B.advised C.persuaded

D.told Page No.73 ①解析：选D。句意为：爱丽丝信任你，唯有你能说服她放弃这种愚蠢的想法。persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事;suggest劝说、建议，后不接动词不定式;attract 吸引;tempt 诱惑，引诱，均不符题意。故选D项。②解析：选C。考查advise sb.to do sth.和persuade sb.to do sth.的区别。advise sb.to do sth.意思是―劝某人做某事‖，强调动作，尤其是表达―劝而不服‖时多用此结构；persuade sb.to do sth.意思是―劝服某人做某事‖，强调结果。2.determine

vt.(使)决定,决心要;确定 常用结构：

determine + n./ pron.决(确)定

determine to do sth.决定做某事(表示动作，是非延续性动词短语)determine on／upon...决定…… determine that／what...决定…… Page No.74 determine sb．to do sth.使某人决定做某事 determine sb.against sth.使某人决定不做某事

be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表示状态，可与表示时间段的状语连用)We determine to go to the railway station at once.我们决定立刻去火车站。

The court determined that the man was guilty of assault.法庭裁定那个人犯了侵犯人身罪。

That determined her against leaving home.那件事使她决定不离开家了。联想拓展 determined adj.坚决的，有决心的 determination n.决心

I was determined to make it as a jazz musician.我决定要成为一名爵士乐音乐家。

Page No.75 温馨提示

be determined to do与determine to do 意思基本一致，但前者表示状态，可与某段时间状语连用；后者表示动作，是非延续性的动词短语。类似的短语还有：prepare for／be prepared for，worry about／be worried about。这类结构常考查分词作状语的用法。高手过招 单项填空

He left school early and as an adolescent，to make his fortune in America.（2010·江苏城头中学一轮检测）

A.is determined

B.had be determined C.determined

D.determining 解析：选C。考查determine的用法。根据句意应使用be determined to结构，此处determined为形容词作伴随状语。Page No.76 3.insist

v.坚持；坚决要求

You can come back later, if you insist.如果你一定要坚持，就稍后再来吧。常用结构：

insist on/upon sth./(sb‘s)doing sth.坚持某事/要求（某人）做某事 insist that....(should)坚持……

I still insist on my viewpoint.我仍然坚持我的观点。He insisted on paying for the meal.他坚持要付饭钱。Mother insisted on our washing the clothes by ourselves.妈妈坚决要求我们自己洗衣服。温馨提示

insist当―坚决要求‖解时，后面的从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语部分用―should+动词原形‖或直接用动词原形；如果insist当―坚持（认为；说）‖解时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气。

Page No.77 高手过招 单项填空 ①The man insisted

a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.（原创）A.find

B.to find

C.on finding

D.in finding ②I advised that he

to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he

quite well then.（2010·山东寿光一中一轮检测）A.be sent;was feeling B.was sent;felt C.be sent;feel D.should be sent;should feel ①解析：选C。insist on doing sth.是习惯搭配，意为―坚持做某事‖。②解析：选A。advise引导宾语从句，从句中的谓语动词不管什么人称都应用should do;should也可以省去，只用动词原形表述事实。insist在此处意为―坚持认为‖。故选A。Page No.78 4.once 用法较多，意思也比较丰富，既可以用作连词，也可以用作副词。

once用作连词时，意为―一旦……就……‖，连接时间状语从句，相当于as soon as。

once用作副词时，意为―曾经；一度；从前‖。它是一个不确定的时间副词，其位置一般是在行为动词之前，系动词之后。

once用作副词，也可意为―一次‖。Once you start, you will never give up.一旦开始了，你就不要放弃。

Physics is easy to learn once you understand the rules.一旦你理解了规则，物理就不难学了。

Once he lived in America, but now he lives in England.他曾经居住在美国，但现在他生活在英国。

His song was once very popular among the young people.他的歌曾经在年轻人中很流行。Page No.79 The old professor comes to see us once a week.那个老教授一周来看我们一次。

Tell us the story once more.把那个故事再给我们讲一遍。联想拓展

at once 立刻；马上

once again再一次；又一次（相当于once more）all at once突然（相当于suddenly)once upon a time很早以前；从前

once in a while偶尔；间或once/as soon as once偏重于条件，而as soon as偏重于时间。

Once you see the film, you‘d never forget it(不宜用as soon as).你一旦看了这部电影，你就永远不会忘记它。

As soon as he got off the plane, we wanted to say hello to him(不宜用once).他一下飞机，我们就想向他打招呼。

Page No.80 高手过招 单项填空 ①

environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem(生态系统)to recover.（原创）

A.Even if

B.If only

C.While

D.Once ②

you understand this rule, you‘ll have no further difficulty.（2010·山东烟台质量检测）

A.Once

B.Unless

C.As

D.Until ①解析：选D。句子为once引导的时间状语从句，意为―一旦；一……就……‖。句意为：一旦环境遭到损害，就需要许多年才能使生态系统恢复。even if引导让步状语从句，意为―尽管‖。if only意为―要是……就好了‖，引导从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气。while意为―当……的时候‖，引导从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。故选D。②解析：选A。考查由once引导的时间状语从句，意为―一旦‖。句意为：一旦明白了这条规则，就再也没有困难了。Page No.81 5.view

n.风景；视野；观点；见解

vt.观看；注视；考虑

The house has a view over the sea.这座房子面向大海，视野开阔。

What is your view on school punishments? 你对学校的处罚有什么看法？

The plan was viewed favorably.这项计划是受到称赞的。联想拓展

in one‘s view

在某人看来

come into view

进入视野，看得见 in full view(of sb./sth.)完全看得见 in view of sth.鉴于，考虑到，由于

with a view to sth.／to doing sth.为了，指望

Several possible buyers have come to view the house.几个可能是买主的人来看过房子。

Page No.82 高手过招 单项填空

On the top of this mountain, you can get a wonderful

of the nearby hills.原五中检测）

sight

B.view

C.distance

D.look 解析：选B。get a view of为固定搭配，意为―看到……的景象‖。

重点短语 6.care about 关心；担心；在乎；喜欢

I really care about my work.我真的关心我的工作。联想拓展

care for 喜爱；照顾；重视

take care 当心

take care of 照料;关怀;处理 under the care of 由……管理, 在……的照料下, 在……的保护下 Page No.83 with care 小心, 慎重

She doesn‘t care for that colour．她不喜欢那种颜色。

He spent years caring for his sick mother． 他数年里一直在照顾生病的母亲。

2010·山西太（I do care for what my teacher says.我的确尊重老师说的话。高手过招

（1）单项填空

That old man is so greedy(贪婪的)that he

nothing but money, not even his relatives.（原创）

A.look about

B.search for C.cares about

D.takes care of（2）完成句子（原创）①他一点也不关心别人，只想着自己。

He doesn‘t care

other people at all;he is always thinking of himself.②爱因斯坦对金钱不感兴趣，对薪水也不计较。

Einstein who cared little

money never cared

his salary.Page No.84(1)解析：选C。考查短语辨析。look about到处看；search for寻找，相当于look for；care about关心；在乎；take care of照料。(2)①about②for;about 7.change one‘s mind 改变主意

Maybe you‘ll change your mind after thinking it over.也许你仔细考虑之后会改变主意。联想拓展

make up one‘s mind(to do)下定决心（做某事）have a/no mind to do

有/无意做…… lose one‘s mind 失去理智

read one‘s mind 看出某人的心思 speak one‘s mind 直言不讳

be of the same mind 意见一致

be in/of two minds 拿不定主意 give one‘s mind to 注意…… keep one‘s mind on 专心于…… Page No.85 take one‘s mind off sth.转移某人的注意

bear/keep sth.in mind 记住某事 bring/call sth.to mind 回忆某事

put one‘s mind to sth.全神贯注于某事

I have made up my mind to leave, and nothing you say will change it.我已经下定决心要离开，不管你说什么我都不会改变主意了。①I‘ve made up my mind to be a doctor.②Nothing will make me change my mind.Page No.86 8.give in

屈服，让步，投降；上交 联想拓展 give in(to sb./sth.)向……让步

give up sth./doing

放弃（做）某事

give away 赠送；泄露

give back 归还；恢复

give off

放出，散发(光、热、烟、气味等)give out分配；分发；发布；（食物，燃料，电力等）被用光；筋疲力尽

Seeing that he could not persuade me, he had to give in(to my view).由于无法说服我，他不得不让步。

Our food supply at last gives out.我们的食物终于用完了。His strength gave out.他已筋疲力尽。

Page No.87 高手过招 单项填空

It is always the husband who

first when a quarrel breaks out between the young couple.（2010·山东聊城检测）

A.give away

B.gives out

C.gives in

D.gives off 解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：当年轻夫妻之间发生争吵时，最先让步的总是丈夫。give away 赠送，泄露，出卖；give out 分发，用完，消耗尽；give in 投降，屈服，让步；give off 放出，散发出。重点句型

9.Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train? 汽车和火车，你更喜欢使用哪种交通方式？

prefer to do(rather than do)意为―宁可；宁愿（表选择）‖或者―更喜欢做某事‖。其本身带有like better的含义，所以不能再与表示程度的better或more连用。Page No.88 联想拓展

prefer sth.喜欢某事/物

prefer doing sth.更喜欢做某事

prefer+to do sth.（表示特定场合下）更喜欢做某事 prefer sb.to do sth.宁愿某人做某事 prefer A to B/prefer doing A to doing B 宁愿……而不愿……

prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不愿做B prefer + that-clause(虚拟语气)+(should)+do 喜欢做某事

Do you prefer cooking for yourself or eating in a restaurant? 你是喜欢自己做饭还是下馆子？

Their father prefers them to be home early.他们的父亲宁愿他们早点回家。

I prefer writing a term paper to taking an examination.我宁愿写一篇学术论文也不愿参加考试。Page No.89 He preferred to die rather than become a traitor.他宁死也不做叛徒。Would you prefer that I（should）come on Monday instead of on Tuesday? 你宁愿让我星期一来而不是星期二来吗？

高手过招 单项填空

My sister

singing

dancing while I dance sing.（原创）A.prefers;to;would rather;than B.would rather;than;prefer;to

C.prefers;rather than;would rather;to D.would rather;to;prefer;to 解析：选A。考查固定搭配。prefer的搭配是prefer to do rather than do或prefer doing to doing；would rather的搭配是would rather do than do或would do rather than do，因此A项正确。

Page No.90 10.When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难，而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。―...the air would be hard to breathe...‖是―主语+系动词+形容词+不定式‖结构，其中不定式的谓语与主语在意义上是动宾关系，但要用主动形式表示被动意义，不定式后面如果是不及物动词要在其后加适当的介词与主语构成动宾关系。这一类的形容词通常可以描绘主语的情绪、态度、品质属性或者难易程度，如hard, difficult, easy, nice, interesting, important, pleasant和comfortable等。

Your writing is impossible to read.你写的字太难辨认了。Do you think the water is safe to drink? 你认为这水喝起来安全吗？

The chair looks rather hard, but it is very comfortable to sit on.这把椅子看上去很硬，但坐起来很舒服。Page No.91 高手过招

完成句子（原创）①有时候她很不容易理解。

She was difficult

at times.②他是唯一一个被授予这种荣誉的外国人。

He was the only foreigner

such an honour.①to understand

②to be given 11.A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.有决心的人总是努力完成工作，不管它有多么难。

no matter how...引导让步状语从句，意为―无论多么……‖，how后跟形容词或副词，相当于―however + adj./adv.‖句式。联想拓展

no matter意为―无论；不管‖时，引导让步状语从句，常用于下列句型中：no matter what(who/when etc.)...分别表示―无论何事‖、―无论何人‖、―无论何时‖等，这个从句可以置于主句之前，也可以置于主句之后。no matter后接关系代词或关系副词引导的状语从句在句中作让步状语。

Page No.92 注意：whatever, however, whoever etc.可引导状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。No matter what happened, he would not mind.=Whatever happened, he would not mind.不管发生什么，他都不在意。

（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they‘re given.（对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they‘re given.囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。

No matter how hard he works, he can not get a promotion.不管他工作多努力, 他就是得不到提升。

No matter what you do, you must be very careful.不管做什么事，你都必须非常细心。

No matter who you are(=Whoever you are), I‘ll never let you in.无论你是谁，我绝不让你进去。

No matter which you choose(=Whichever you choose), you will be satisfied.不论你选择哪一个，你都会满意的。

No matter where I go(=Wherever I go), I will be thinking of you.无论我去哪里，我都会想着你。

Page No.93 高手过招 单项填空 ①

the problem may be, we must solve it ourselves.（2010·山东威海一轮验收）A.Whatever difficult

B.How difficult

C.However difficult

D.No matter what difficult ②It is generally considered unwise to give a child

he or she wants.（2010·山东枣庄检测）

A.however

B.whatever C.whichever

D.whenever ①解析：选C。句意为：不管问题有多难，我们都要独立解决。difficult为形容词，因此用how修饰，表示程度。however在这里没有转折的意思，相当于no matter how，因此答案为C。②解析：选B。考查从属关联词的用法。whatever等于anything that或everything that，引导宾语从句。whatever一方面起引导词的作用，同时作从句中wants的宾语。Page No.94 Unit 4 Earthquakes 核心单词 1.burst

vt.& vi.(burst, bursting)爆炸；胀裂；突然而起；闯入； 充满；满盈；n.突然破裂；爆发 联想拓展

burst out 迸发；突然发作；突然……起来 burst open推开；忽然打开； 裂开 burst through冲开；冲破；拨开

burst in upon打断(谈话等)；突然出现； 突然到达 burst in/ into闯入； 突然出现； 突然……起来； 突然发作 Page No.95 另外，burst into后接名词时可表示不同的意义： burst into laughter突然大笑起来 burst into tears突然大哭起来 burst into cheers突然欢呼起来

burst out后接动名词也表示同样的意思 burst out laughing/crying 突然大笑/哭起来 高手过招 单项填空

Every time

he thought of his past, he couldn‘t help bursting(2010·济南一模)A.when;out tears

B.that;into crying C.which;into tears

D./;out crying 解析：选D。burst out后接v.-ing形式，every time 相当于连词，引导状语从句。故选D。Page No.96 2.event

n.事件；大事；比赛项目

The new book was the cultural event of the year.这本新书的出版是今年文化界的大事。Coming events cast their shadows before.未来之事先有征兆。

The next event will be the 100-metre race.下一个比赛项目是100米赛跑。常用结构：

at all events 无论怎样 in any event 无论如何 in the event of 万一；倘若

In the event of rain, the game will be postponed.要是下雨，球赛就延期。Page No.97 易混辨析

occurrence/event/incident/accident occurrence系常用词, 指―任何发生的事件‖。event 指―有重要意义的历史事件、重大事件‖。incident指―事件‖, 尤指―比较不重要的小事件‖。accident指―意外事故‖。高手过招 单项填空 ①The National Day and the International Labour Day are great

in our country.(2010·河南镇平二轮)A.things

B.incidents C.accidents

D.events

.②How many

are going to be held in this Summer Olympic Games?(2010·江苏启东一轮)A.accidents

B.incidents C.events

D.sports Page No.98 ①解析：选D。考查词义辨析。things是普通用词，指―情况；状况‖；incident意为―事情；发生的事（常指小事）‖；accident意为―事故‖，强调未预料到的事情；event的意为―事件‖，多指大事件。②解析：选C。考查词义辨析。accident意为―事故‖，指没有料到的恶性事件。incident指―事件‖，多指不是很重要的事情。event多指―政治性的事件‖，尤指大事。event也可以指（体育运动中的）比赛项目。3.rescue n.&vt.援救，营救 常用结构：

rescue sb./ sth.from sb./ sp.把……从……营救出来 come to/ go to sb‘s rescue = rescue sb.援救某人

a rescue team 救援队

a rescue mission 救援任务

rescue workers 救援人员 Page No.99 The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。

The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake.营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。Michael rescued a boy from drowning.迈克尔把溺水的男孩救了起来。高手过招

用rescue的适当形式填空（原创）①The mother, along with her two children，from the sinking boat by a passing ship.②The firemen

five children from the burning house yesterday.①has been rescued ②rescued Page No.100 4.judge

n.法官；鉴赏家；裁判 vt.判断；估计

His father used to be a judge.他的父亲过去是一名法官。She‘s a good judge of wine.她是鉴别酒的专家。The blind can‘t judge colours.盲人无法判断颜色。Don‘t judge a man by his looks.不要以貌取人。联想拓展

judgment n.判断，辨别力

judge sb./ sth.by/from 通过……判断…… as far as I judge 我认为 judging from...从……来看，根据……判断

Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man.从他所说的话来看，他是个诚实的人。

Page No.101 高手过招(1)单项填空

the hat he , the old man is a farmer.(2010·山东日照检测)A.Judging from;is wearing B.Judging by;is having on C.To judge by;putting D.Judged by;is putting

（2）用judge的适当形式填空（原创）①

from his appearance, he must be a rich man.②In her

, he must be from the south.(1)解析：选A。judging from为固定搭配，此处judging不与the old man形成逻辑主动或被动关系。wear, have on, dress都有―穿，戴‖的意思，但搭配和意义不同。wear和have on都可以表示―穿着‖的状态，然而have on没有进行时态；dress可以作及物和不及物动词，作不及物动词时意为―穿衣‖，作及物动词时宾语是人。(2)①Judging ②judgment Page No.102 5.ruin

vt.毁坏；毁灭。既可指实际的东西，也可指抽象的东西。n.［U］毁坏；毁灭 ［C］（常用作复数）废墟 联想拓展

in ruins严重损坏；破败不堪；落空

bring come to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产 bring ruin upon oneself自取灭亡

fall/go to ruin毁灭, 灭亡;崩溃;破坏掉

ruin oneself毁掉自己 易混辨析

destroy/ruin/damage/harm destroy 表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上的彻底摧毁，使之无法恢复，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏。

ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。Page No.103 damage 一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用。这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果，也可以指非暴力的长期损害的结果。harm 一般指伤害有生命的东西，常指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等。What he faced ruined his hope.他所面对的使他的希望破灭了。

The whole city was destroyed in the earthquake.整个城市在地震中被毁掉了。

Laziness will ruin one‘s prospects.懒惰会使人自毁前程。We wanted to have a look at the ruins of Pompeii.我们想看一下庞贝城的废墟。

They managed to repair the houses that had been damaged.他们设法修复了受到破坏的房子。Page No.104 高手过招 单项填空 ①I was

by that law case.I‘m a man.(2010·11·西安月考)A.ruined;ruined

B.ruined;destroying C.damaged;destroyed

D.destroyed;damaging ②Many old temples

ruins are now being rebuilt.（原创）A.on

B.by

C.with

D.in ①解析：选A。句意为：我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产，不名一文。ruin常用于借喻中，指损坏到了不能再使用的程度；damage不能指人，只指物；destroy指完全彻底地破坏，含有无法修复之意，也可用于借喻。第二个空应用过去分词作定语，表被动和完成之意。②解析：选D。in ruins为固定搭配，意为―处于颓废状态‖。Page No.105 6.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸于 联想拓展

be buried alive 被活埋

be buried under 为……所压倒；沉浸于,忙于

bury(oneself)in 埋头于；专心于；退居于(乡间等)=be buried in bury one‘s head in the sand

自欺欺人，逃避现实（来自鸵鸟的习性）The house was half buried under snow.房子一半被埋在雪中。

If you continue to bury your head in the sand and refuse to recognize the fact that some of your classmates are catching up with you, it won‘t be long before you find yourself left behind.如果你再拒绝承认你的一些同班同学已经赶上来了这一事实，那么不用多久，你就会发现自己落后了。

Page No.106 高手过招

选词填空（burying/buried）（原创）

I have a sigh, my head

in my hands.buried 重点短语 7.right away 立刻，马上

I‘ll return the book to you right away.我会马上还书给你。If war breaks out, we shall be called up right away.如果战争爆发，我们将立即被征召服役。联想拓展 right now=at once=immediately=in no time立刻，马上

Page No.107(1)解析：选D。考查短语辨析。in no time意为―片刻之后‖，而 in a flash意为―片刻之间‖。

(2)I want it typed right away, please.Page No.108 8.think of 认为；考虑 联想拓展

think poorly of不放在眼里；轻视

think twice 再三考虑

think little/nothing of轻视；忽略

think much/highly of重视；看重，评价高 What do you think of...?认为……怎么样？ think about考虑；回想；想起 think of考虑；记忆，记起

think sth.over仔细想；谨慎思考；作进一步考虑 think sth.out认真考虑；仔细盘算 think sth.up想出，发明 Page No.109 The government thinks highly of his invention because it will benefit the whole country.政府非常重视他的发明，因为它将有益于全国人民。

The foolish boss thought little of my suggestions on that project.那个愚蠢的老板根本就不重视我对那项工程的建议。He is thinking about travelling in the summer holidays.他正在考虑暑假旅游的事。

I can‘t think of his name at the moment.我一时想不起他的名字。

Please think over what I said.请仔细考虑我说的话。

He thought out a new idea.他盘算出了一个新主意。高手过招 单项填空 ①How did you think

such a clever way out of difficulty?（原创）A.over

B.about

C.up

D.on ②Can you

a way of solving the problem?（原创）A.discover

B.invent up

C.think up

D.invent Page No.110 ①解析：选C。句意为：你怎样想出如此明智的办法摆脱困境？其他选项与think搭配无―想出‖之意。②解析：选C。think up在这里相当于think of，意为―考虑，思考‖。9.at an end

结束，终结（= finish）联想拓展

end n.&v.结事，终结 与end搭配的常用短语

at the end of在……末尾 by the end of到……末为止 in the end最后，终于

at a loose end无所事事；处于杂乱状态 make ends meet收支相抵

The war was finally at an end.战争终于结束了。Page No.111 ①by the end of ②in the end

③at the end of 10.instead of

代替，而不是

The Chinese use chopsticks instead of knives and forks.中国人不用刀叉,用筷子。

Instead of working, Jack was idling away his time.杰克不去工作,虚度着光阴。

She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday.她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。Page No.112 易混辨析

instead/instead of/in place of/take the place of instead 是副词，单独使用，用于句首或句末作状语，意为―而是，相反‖。

instead of 是复合介词，后接名词、代词、或动名词，意为―代替、而不……‖。

in place of 为介词短语，也是―代替、而不‖的意思，表示―以甲代乙‖，而instead of则是―用甲不用乙‖，除―代替‖外，还有对乙否定的意思，有时意为―不‖。take the place of(replace)作谓语，用在名词、代词前。高手过招 单项填空 ①—I think we should buy a new curtain

this one.—Yes.It looks a bit ugly

.(2010·江西赣州一轮)A.to replace;as it is B.to in place of;now

C.to take the place of;as it was D.instead of;than that one Page No.113 ②We will go there on foot

by bus.What about you?(2010·11·福建福州月考)A.instead

B.instead of

C.without

D.but ①解析：选A。to replace为不定式作目的状语。as it is意为―现在的样子‖。②解析：选B。instead of意为―用一种形式代替另一种形式‖。C项有一定干扰性，without意为―在没有……的情况下‖，因此不合题意。11.the number of 意为―……的数量、数目‖，作主语时谓语动词用单数；a number of意为―一些，很多‖，相当于 many, 后接可数名词复数，当它作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The number of competitors is limit.参赛者的数量是有限的。A number of problems have arisen.已经出现了一些问题。Page No.114 a large /great/good number of；a great/good many;a good few/quite a few+可数名词复数，意为―大量的‖；

a great/good deal;a great/ large amount of;quite a little+ 不可数名词，意为―大量的‖；

a lot of/lots of;a great /large quantity of;large quantities of/ plenty of +可数名词复数/不可数名词均可，意为―大量的‖。但是a great/large quantity of..., large quantities of...作主语时谓语动词与quantity形式一致。高手过招 单项填空

During the past two years, the number of automobile accidents in New York City

decreased.(2010·11·山东烟台月考)A.have

B.has

C.was

D.were

解析：选B。the number of+复数名词，其主语是number，故谓语动词用单数，意为―……的数量‖。Page No.115 重点句型

12.In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。

―too + adj./adv.+动词不定式‖结构简称为―too...to‖结构，在大多数情况下表示否定意义，通常可意为―太……而不能……;太……无法……‖。―too...to‖结构表示否定的常见句型有：

too +adj./adv.+ to do，有时too后也可跟一个起形容词作用的过去分词。too...to/to be done形式。这是―too...to‖结构中不定式为被动式时的变体，如果主语是不定式动作的承受者，不定式既可以用主动式，也可以用被动式，此时用主动式虽然在形式上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的。

too + adj.+ a(an)+ n.+ to + v./to be done形式。这个句型在too+ adj.后再接一个带不定冠词的名词，不定冠词一定要放置于形容词后。与此同时，只有当too后形容词修饰一个可数名词时，才可以在形容词与名词间加不定冠词―a/an‖。当句子主语能发出该不定式的动作时，可以用to + v.的主动式，当主语是该不定式动作的承受者时，则用to be + v.-ed的被动式。Page No.116 温馨提示

并不是所有―too...to‖结构的句子都表示否定意义，在下列情况下，―too...to‖结构可以表示肯定意义：

―too...to‖结构之前带有but, only, all, never, not时，是强调肯定的表示法，意为―非常……，十分……，实在……，真是太……‖等。

―too...to‖结构中带有表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词或副词，如ready，eager, satisfied, kind, willing, easy, anxious等加动词不定式结合成一个不可分割的状态、态度、倾向或心情等，并且其后的不定式不是说明too的具体内容，而是修饰形容词，故不定式不再表示结果。在―too...to‖结构中，不定式为否定式时，是构成的双重否定，其意为―非常/很/太/那么……不会不/必定能/所以能……‖，也不表示否定意义。

Page No.117 I，m too tired to think of anything now.我太累了，什么也不能想了。

The tea is too hot to drink/to be drunk.茶太热，不能喝。The shoes are too badly broken to be mended.这些鞋子破烂得不能修补。

He，s too experienced an artist to mind what the critics say.(＝As an artist he，s too experienced to mind what the critics say.)他是个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不会介意批评家说些什么。

He is too experienced an artist to be worried by what the critics say.他是一个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不至于为批评家们的议论而担忧。I am but too glad to do so.我非常喜欢这样做。

He was too anxious to do this job.他非常想做这件工作。

The girl is too careful not to do it well.这姑娘很细心，完全能做好那件事。Page No.118 高手过招 单项填空

—He seems

tired to do it.—But I am only

glad to do it.(2010·江苏常州一轮)A.very;too

B.extremely;too too;too

D.very;very 解析：选C。第一空为too...to 太……而不能……，第二空前有only所以too...to强调肯定，意为―非常、十分‖。

13.It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日！联想拓展

as if=as though意为―仿佛，像，似乎‖。通常用在be，look，seem，sound，taste，smell及feel等连系动词的后面。如果表示真实情况应该用陈述语气；如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气, 其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。引导方式状语从句时也要用虚拟语气。Page No.119 注意：as if(though)后面除了跟句子外，还可以跟名词、动词不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语和分词。

另外，as if(though)还可以表达感叹语气，来对某项建议、假设和推测表示不赞成、惊讶、不满和厌恶等。

How wild his white hair looked as if it had been electrified!他的白发十分凌乱，好像触了电似的。(虚拟语气)She seems as if she is going to cry.她似乎要哭了。(陈述事实)As if anyone would believe that story！好像有人竟会相信那样的事！

As if we were all stupid and he alone clever！

哼，就仿佛我们都是傻瓜，只有他一个人聪明似的。He raised his hand as if to take off his hat.他举起他的手，好像要取下帽子。He behaved as if nothing had happened.他表现的好像什么也没发生。

Page No.120 高手过招

（1）单项填空

—Will you go to the exhibition tomorrow? —Yes, I will go

it，s windy.(2010·11·山东滨州月考)A.as if

B.even though C.as soon as D.as though（2）翻译句子（原创）①你像是见了鬼似的。②这个男孩向四周察看，像在寻找什么东西。

(1)解析：选B。even though相当于even if，引导让步状语从句，意为―即使‖；as if（though）引导方式状语从句；as soon as引导时间状语从句。(2)①You looked as if you had seen a ghost． ②The boy looked about as if in search of something． Page No.121 14.All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。

all, both, each, every, everyone, everything, always, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether等具有总括意义的词后跟否定词not连用时，一般都表示部分否定，其中all, both, each, every无论在not之前还是之后，都表示部分否定。

但如果句子中出现下列单词或短语则该句为全部否定：none of+n./pron.;neither+n./pron.;no+n.;nothing；nobody；neither；never；nowhere；neither...nor等。All that glitters is not gold.发光的不一定都是金子。

Not all body languages mean the same thing in different countries.并非所有的肢体语言在不同的国家里都有相同的意思。Each machine here is not produced in our plant.这里的机器不全是我们厂生产的。Page No.122 高手过招 单项填空

We couldn‘t eat in a restaurant because

of us had

money on us.（原创）

A.all;no

B.any;no C.none;any

D.no one;any 解析：选C。考查全部否定。句意为：因为我们大家身上都没带钱，所以不能在饭店里吃饭。故选C项。Page No.123 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero 核心单词 1.quality n.［U,C］质，质量，品质；特性（既可用于描述物品，也用于描述人物）［C］性质；特性；特点 Modesty is one of his good qualities.谦虚是他的美德之一。

One quality of wood is that it can burn.木料的一个特点是能燃烧。Page No.124 常用结构：

high quality 优质 poor quality 劣质

average quality 一般的品质

Wine of high quality costs more than that of poor quality.优质的葡萄酒比劣质的葡萄酒价格要高。易混辨析

quality/quantity quality 质，质量 quantity 数量；大量

For study, quality often matters more than quantity.就学习而言，质量往往比数量更重要。

Quantities of food were on the table.桌上摆了大量食物。There is a small quantity of water left in the bottle.瓶子里还剩下少量的水。Page No.125 高手过招

完成句子(原创)①他仔细检查家具的品质。

He examined

carefully.②他具备了一个成功商人应具有的所有品质。

He has

of a successful businessman.①the quality of the furniture ②all the qualities Page No.126 2.devote vt.献身；专心于 常用结构：

devote oneself/one‘s energy/one‘s time to(doing)sth.奉献/精力/时间于某事

sb.be devoted to(doing)sth.某人献身做某事 He devoted all his life to China‘s aviation.他的一生都奉献给了中国的航空事业。

He‘s devoted his whole life to the protection of the rare animals.他终生献身于保护珍稀动物。He is devoted to helping the poor.他致力于帮助穷困的Page No.127 联想拓展

类似于devote...to...的结构中to为介词的词组还有： object to 反对

attend to 办理；照顾；注意听 look forward to 期待；盼望be opposed to 反对

devote...to 贡献给……stick to 坚持

lead to 导致pay attention to 注意到

be related to 与……有关see to 务必做到； 负责…… refer to 提到；指的是turn to 翻到； 求助于 高手过招 单项填空

The idea for the new machine came to Mr Baker

to his invention.(2010·陕西师大附中月考)A.while he was devoted

B.while devoting C.while devoting himself

D.while devoted 解析：选A。考查be devoted to这一结构。注意不要误选D项，因为主句的主语the idea与从句的主语Mr Baker/he不一致，因此从句中的主语和谓语动词he was不能省略。

Page No.128 3.equal

adj.相同的；平等的 vt.等于，比得上 n.同等/相等的人或物

He asked us to cut the apple into three equal pieces.他让我们把苹果切成三等份。

None of us can equal her in intelligence.我们中没人能在智力方面比得上她。常用结构：

be equal to sth./doing sth.胜任某事/ 做某事 A equals BA等于B without equal/have no equal 无与伦比/无比

Are you equal to(doing)the task?你能胜任这项工作吗？ Yao Ming is a basketball player without equal in China.在中国，姚明是个无与伦比的篮球运动员。Page No.129 高手过招 单项填空

He doubted whether she would be

to the task.（原创）equal

B.similar

C.familiar

D.content 解析：选A。be equal to sth.胜任，符合句意。content意为―满意的，满足的‖不符句意，其他选项也均与句意不符。

4.reward n.报答；酬金（为某些特殊服务提供或给予的金钱）vt.酬谢，奖赏；报应；惩罚（坏人或坏事）常用结构：

as a reward(for)作为（对某事的）报酬（或奖赏）give/ offer a reward to sb.for sth.为某事而给某人报酬 in reward for 为酬答……；作为奖励……

reward sb.(with...)for sth.为某事（而以……）报答…… Page No.130 易混辨析

reward/award/prize reward表示―奖赏，酬谢‖，动词只能以人或人的行为作宾语，名词表示某人因做了某事而应得到某东西。

award 作名词指正式或官方 ―给予，颁发，授予‖（奖章，奖金等），也可以指法庭裁决；作动词时可以跟两个宾语，award sb.sth.把某物授予/判给某人。

prize只能作名词，表示―奖赏、奖金、奖品‖，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。It‘s a reward for virtue.那是对美德的回报。

It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.他工作很辛苦，报酬却很少，这不公平。

How can I reward your kindness? 我如何酬谢你的好意呢？

Jim rewarded the boy a pound for bringing back the lost dog.男孩把吉姆丢失的狗带了回来，为此吉姆奖赏给他一英镑。

Page No.131 高手过招 单项填空 ①Martin Luther King, a great Black leader in the movement against racial discrimination, was

the Nobel Prize for peace for his outstanding contribution to world peace.(2010·11·河南洛阳月考)A.rewarded

B.given

C.awarded

D.offered ②They

the winners with gifts of fruit and flowers.（原创）A.rewarded

B.awarded

C.charged

D.paid ③The girl got nothing in

for her kindness, which made her very sad.A.prize

B.award

C.medals

D.reward Page No.132 ①解析：选C。句意为：反对种族歧视运动的杰出黑人领袖马丁·路德·金，因其对世界和平的突出贡献而被授予诺贝尔和平奖。award指正式或官方的―授予，颁发‖。②解析：选A。考查固定搭配。句意为：他们送给获胜者水果和鲜花作为奖赏。reward sb.with...用……酬劳某人。③解析：选D。由句意可知，应该是对做好事的报答。in reward for 为……而报答。重点短语

5.out of work 失业

Jim has been out of work for several months.吉姆已经失业几个月了。

Mary‘s cell phone has been out of work for several days, which brought her a lot of inconvenience.玛丽的手机坏了好几天了，这给她带来了很多不便。Page No.133 联想拓展

in work有工作

out of breath上气不接下气 out of patience 不耐烦 out of use 没用了 out of date过时

out of order次序颠倒；出故障 out of control失控

out of danger脱离危险

out of shape变形

Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见, 心不烦。

高手过招

用适当的介词（短语）填空（原创）①Although my computer is

date now, it's still

use.②After the fourth operation, the patient has been

danger.①out of;in ②out of Page No.134 6.as a matter of fact

事实上

It was cold.As a matter of fact, it was freezing.天很冷。事实上，冷得要命。联想拓展

as a matter of fact=in fact/in actual fact/actually/in reality/to tell the truth 实际上；事实

to make matters worse 让事情更糟糕的是 it doesn‘t matter 没有关系 高手过招 单项填空

It rained that day., our car broke down on the way.(2010·江苏泰州一轮检测)A.In fact

B.Actually C.To make matters worse

D.To tell the truth 解析：选C。to make matters worse让事情更糟糕的是。根据句 意可知，C项符合。

Page No.135 7.blow up

vi.爆炸；突然严峻；大发雷霆

vt.炸毁；给……充气；放大（照片）

My father blew up when I didn't come home last night.我昨晚没回家，父亲大发雷霆。

Stop at the gas station and we'll blow up the tyres.在加油站停一下，我们要给轮胎打气。联想拓展

blow away刮走，吹走 blow down(风)刮倒

blow off 吹掉；将（热水、蒸汽等）放出 blow out 吹熄；（电线）烧断

blow over(暴风雨等)吹散，刮倒；（坏天气）大风平息 Page No.136 高手过招 单项填空

A short circuit will

the fuse(保险丝).（原创）A.blow up

B.blow off C.blow out

D.blow over 解析：选C。句意为：短路会烧断保险丝。根据句意可知，答案选C。8.in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 Please telephone us when you are in trouble.遇到困难时就给我们打电话。联想拓展

have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困难。其中的介词 in 在口语中通常可省略。

take(the)trouble to do sth.在这一结构中，其中的冠词用不用均可，但含义稍有不同：用冠词，表示不怕费事或不怕麻烦而去做某事；不用冠词，表示尽心尽力或费尽心血而去做某事。Page No.137 go to(the)trouble to do（of doing）sth.不辞辛劳做某事/费心做某事

give sb.trouble/put sb.to trouble麻烦某人；打扰某人 have trouble with...有……病痛；同……闹纠纷 We had no trouble(in)finding his office.我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。

He took the trouble to show me the way to the station.他不嫌麻烦地为我去火车站而指路。

He went to the trouble of finding out when our train was leaving.他费心为我们打听到了我们乘坐的火车的开车时间。I don‘t like giving trouble to people I don‘t know.我不愿意给我不认识的人添麻烦。The man often has trouble with his wife.这个男人经常与他的妻子闹矛盾。

Page No.138 高手过招 单项填空

Even an experienced climber can

to reach the summit.(2010·河南郑州一轮检测)A.get into trouble

B.make trouble ask for trouble

D.take trouble over 解析：选A。句意为：即使是一个很有经验的登山者，想要到达顶峰也有可能遇到困难。句中的can表示―有可能‖。get into trouble 陷入困境，因做某事而招致惩罚，危险等；ask for trouble 自找麻烦，自讨苦吃；make trouble 引起麻烦；take trouble over sth.在某事上费心思。根据句意选A。

9.turn to

求助于；依赖；翻到；询问

We have to turn to some bigger companies for technical help.我们不得不向一些更大的公司寻求技术援助。Page No.139 联想拓展

turn against背叛

turn down（音量）关小；拒绝 turn in上交

turn...into...(使……)成为……

turn off关掉(水源、煤气、电灯等)；避开(问题等)turn on打开(水、煤气、电灯、无线电等)turn over(使)打翻/翻身/翻动/翻耕(土地)/转危为安 turn up开大；出现；找到 by turns轮流；交替 in turn依次；轮流

turn out证明是；结果是

Nobody will turn against his country.没有人会背叛自己的国家。Page No.140 Please turn down the television.请把电视机的音量调小点儿。

He turned down my suggestion without hesitation.他毫不犹豫地拒绝了我的建议。

The child picked up a purse and turned it in to the policeman.那个孩子捡到了一个钱包，然后把它交给了警察。The farmers are turning waste land into rice fields.农民们正把荒地变成肥沃的田地。

Don't forget to turn all the lights off before you go to bed.在你上床之前，不要忘记把所有的灯都关上。

The man turned over and went to sleep again when the telephone rang.当电话铃响的时候，那个人翻了个身，又睡着了。Page No.141 高手过招(1)单项填空 ①In the new city there wasn‘t a single person

the poor boy could turn for help.(2010·辽宁本溪月考)A.that

B.who C.from whom

D.to whom ②We had a good many anxious moments, but everything

all right in the end.(2010·江苏南京一轮)A.turned down

B.turned on C.turned out

D.turned to(1)①解析：选D。turn to sb.for help为固定搭配，意思是―求助于‖某人。②解析：选C。turn out 在句中的意思是―变得；证明是；结果是‖，为连系动词；turn down调低；拒绝；turn on打开；turn to参考；转向；求助于。Page No.142(2)用与turn搭配的适当介词填空（原创）①The key you lost has turned

.②Nothing could make the brave man turn

his motherland.③Don't rush.Please wait in line and get on the bus

turn.④He asked his teacher to give him the chance one more time but his teacher turned him

.⑤Be sure to turn the lights

when you leave the classroom.(2)①up ②against ③in ④down ⑤off 10.lose heart 丧失勇气或信心

He failed many times, but he didn‘t lose heart.他失败了许多次，但他并没有失去信心。No matter what you do, never lose heart.不管你做什么，千万不要失去信心。Page No.143 lose one‘s job失业

lose one‘s balance失去平衡 lose one‘s breath上气不接下气 lose one‘s heart(to sb./sth.)爱上 lose one‘s life丧生;遇害 lose face丢脸;受屈辱 lose hope失去希望 高手过招 翻译句子 ①不要失去信心，一切都会好起来的。

②她喜欢上了一位年轻士兵。①Don‘t lose heart, all will turn out well.②She lost her heart to a young soldier.Page No.144 重点句型

11....only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。

only 修饰的时间、条件、方式状语等放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。Only then did she realize she had made mistakes.直到那时她才意识到她所犯的错误。Only when he came back did I go to bed.当他回来的时候，我才上床睡觉。温馨提示

only 放在句首修饰状语时，主句部分要倒装，修饰主语、宾语时，则不倒装。Only you understand me.只有你了解我。

Page No.145 高手过招 单项填空 I failed in the final examination last term and only then

the importance of studies.(2010·山东青岛二中月考)A.I realized

B.I had realized C.had I realized

D.did I realize 解析：选D。only then位于句首时句子用倒装结构，realize的动作在fail之后发生，故选过去时。

12.He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习。should have done 本应该做某事（但实际上并没有做）/对过去已发生的事情的推测。ought to= should 但在语气上比should要强。Page No.146 温馨提示

情态动词+have done的用法小结：

must+have done 表示对过去情况的推测，只用于肯定句中，意为―一定……‖，其否定的意义用can‘t+have done表示。

can/could have done 对过去已发生的情况的推测，用于疑问句或否定句中。could+have done本来有能力做而实际上没有做 needn‘t+have done本来不必做的事，实际上却做了 might have done本来可以做而实际上未做。may(might)+have done表示对过去的推测，多用在陈述句，意为―也许；可能……‖。用might 比用 may 语气更加委婉。

would+have done 用于虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反。He ought not to have taken the old clothes away.他不该把旧衣服带走。（事实上已带走。）The street is wet.It must have rained last night.路面是湿的，昨天晚上肯定下雨了。Page No.147 If I could have stopped, there wouldn‘t have been an accident.如果我能够停下来，事故就不会发生了。I needn‘t have gone to the office yesterday.昨天我没必要去办公室。

Please don‘t do that.You might both have been caught and killed!请不要那样做。你们俩很有可能被抓住然后被杀掉！

易混辨析

should/ought to ①两者均有―应该‖之意，should多表示说话人主观建议，ought to多表示道义和责任。Doctors and nurses should take good care of patients.医生和护士应该仔细照顾病人。You shouldn‘t drink and drive.你不该喝了酒还开车。Page No.148 You ought to be blushed at your conduct.你应该为你自己的行为感到羞愧。②两者均可表示预测，意为―应该会，可能‖。We should/ought to arrive there before dark.我们应该会在天黑前到达那里。

It‘s twelve o‘clock now.She should/ought to have already got there.现在已经12点了。她应该已经到那里了。联想拓展

should的其他用法： ①虚拟从句中，表示―假如；万一‖；

If you should change your mind, do let we know.如果你想要改变主意，让我们知道。

In case you should need any help, here is my number.假如你需要任何帮助，给我打电话，这是我的电话号码。Page No.149 ②应该，必须

She recommended that/she(should)take some time off.她建设应该休假。③表示惊讶，遗憾。

It‘s strange that she should have done such a thing.她能做好这样的事情，真让人觉得奇怪。

高手过招 单项填空 ①—I missed the first part of the film.It was really a pity.—You

home half an hour earlier.(2010·福建厦门一轮检测)A.should have left

B.must have left C.should leave

D.must leave ②—Do you think he is lazy? —I

so once, but I don‘t now.(2010·浙江杭州一轮检测)A.may have thought

B.can have thought C.may think

D.might think Page No.150 ①解析：选A。第一句句意为：我错过了这部电影的第一部分，真遗憾。根据第一句，答句的句意应为：你本应该提前半小时出家门。故选A。②解析：选A。从答语可知，空格处的意思是―曾经这样想过‖，即对过去情况作推测，故应用―情态动词＋动词完成时‖；又因为 can 表推测时不用于肯定句中，故选A。Page No.151 必修Page No.152 Unit 1 Cultural relics Page No.153 核心单词 1.survive

vi.生还，幸存；流传下来;幸免

vt.经历……而幸存；比……活的时间长 常用结构：

survive on sth.靠……生存（意思等同于live on sth.）survive sb.(by...)

比某人多活…… Page No.154 Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.在这次撞车事故受伤的6个人中，只有2个人活了下来。I can‘t survive on $20 a week.每周20美元无法维持我的生活。

Few buildings in Beichuan County survived the big earthquake on May 12, 2008.在2008年5月12日的大地震中，北川县残留的建筑物寥寥无几。She survived her husband by ten years.她丈夫去世后她又活了10年。联想拓展

survival n.存活，幸存；残存；遗留；旧风俗 survivor n.生还者，幸存者 Page No.155 高手过招

完成句子

（原创）①The old couple

从战争中幸存下来）.②His only chance of

（生存）was a heart transplant.③In the terrible accident, there were no

（幸存者）.答案：①survived the war ②survival ③survivors Page No.156 2.select vt.挑选；选择 易混辨析

select/choose/elect/pick out 四个词均含有―选译‖之意。

select强调在广泛的范围内进行―精选或淘汰‖，侧重以客观为标准进行选择。choose为普通用词，侧重根据个人意愿和判断从众多的对象中进行选择，着重指被选者的优点。

elect指按照一定的规章和法律，用投票方式进行的慎重的选择。

pick out为口语用词，强调―从个人角度在众多事物之中进行挑选‖，有时含有―任意选择‖的意思。

Page No.157 高手过招

选词填空（select/choose/elect/pick)①Please

a good book for me.②She

a diamond ring from the collection.③We

our monitor by a show of hands.④She

the red sweater rather than the pink one.答案：①pick ②selected ③elected ④chose Page No.158 3.design n.设计；图案；构思 vt.设计；计划；构思 常用结构：

by design=on purpose

有意地，故意地

be designed to do...目的是做……；被打算做…… be designed for...为……而打算／设计 I like the design of that rug.我喜欢那块地毯的图案。

A new highway between the two cities is being designed.这两个城市之间的一条新高速公路正在设计中。The experiment is designed to test the new drug.实验的目的是测试新的药品。

The house are specially designed for the old people.这些房子是专门为老年人设计的。Page No.159 高手过招 单项填空

I like the television programme

educate not merely entertain.（2009·12·山东青州模块检测）

A.designed to

B.designed for C.is designed to

D.is designed for 解析：选A。be designed to do...为固定搭配，意为―目的是‖，为过去分词短语在句中作后置定语，修饰名词programme。B、D两项be designed for中for为介词,后面需接v.-ing形式或名词,故排除。Page No.160 4.fancy adj.奇特的；异样的 vt.想象；设想；爱好 n.想象力；幻想；爱好 常用结构：

fancy that...以为是…… fancy oneself

自负，自命不凡 fancy(doing)sth.喜欢，想要（做）某事 fancy 用于感叹句中时表示―没想到，竟然‖。My sister likes to collect fancy clothes.我姐姐喜欢搜集奇装异服。

I used to fancy what I would like wearing a long snow-like dress.过去我常常想象自己穿着雪白长裙的模样。

Children usually have a lively fancy.Page No.161 孩子们往往拥有丰富的想象力。Many students fancy playing football.很多学生喜欢踢足球。

Fancy meeting you here！真没想到会在这儿遇到你！I fancy(that)it‘s going to rain today.我看今天要下雨。答案： ①to say→saying ②to go→going Page No.162 5.consider vt.考虑；认为 常用结构：

consider doing sth./sth.考虑做某事

consider sb./sth.as/to be...认为；以为；觉得 consider it+adj.+to do sth...认为做某事是…… We are considering going to Canada.我们正考虑到加拿大去。

We consider this(to be)very important.我们认为这非常重要。联想拓展

consideration n.考虑；关心

considering prep.考虑到；就……而言 take sth.into consideration

考虑(某事)Considering her age, she has done very well.考虑到她的年纪，她已经做得非常好了。

Page No.163 高手过招(1)单项填空

Charlie Chaplin is

to be one of the greatest actors in the world.（2009·02·湖北武汉一中质量检测）A.Regarded

B.believed C.thought

D.considered

(2)翻译句子

（原创）①你是否考虑过如何到达那里? ②他会被认为是个软弱无能的领导人。

解析：(1)选D。考查词义辨析。think, regard, consider都有―看作‖的意思，然而搭配不同。think一般与of搭配，形成think of...；regard与as搭配，形成regard...as;consider可以与as搭配，形成consider...as，也可以跟不定式,形成consider sb.to do sth.的搭配。(2)①Have you considered how to get there? ②He will be considered a weak leader.Page No.164 6.worth adj.值得（做某事）;有（做某事）的价值 n.价值;用处

be worth doing sth.值得（做某事）；有（做某事）的价值

be worth sth.用于―数量、持续时间等‖的名词之后，表示某物价值多少金额。The new car cost a lot of money, but it‘s certainly worth it.买这辆新汽车花了很多钱, 但确实物有所值。

The thieves stole one million pounds worth of jewellery.窃贼偷走了价值100万英镑的珠宝。Page No.165 易混辨析

worth/worthy/worthwhile ―be worth+n.‖结构中，当名词为金钱时，表示―……值……钱‖。be worth doing sth.……某事值得被做

―be worthy of+n./doing‖当名词为抽象名词时，表示 ―……值得……‖。be worthy to be done/be worthy of being done 某事值得被做

It is worthwhile to do sth.值得做某事 It is worthwhile doing sth.值得去做某事 It is worthwhile for sb.to do/doing sth.值得某人去做某事

The article is worthy of careful study.=The article is worth studying carefully.=The article is worthy of being studied carefully.=The article is worthy to be studied carefully.这篇文章值得仔细学习。Page No.166 高手过招 单项填空 ①This book is worthy of

twice.（2009·12·江苏南京月考）A.Reading

B.read C.having read

D.being read ②He is well skilled

playing the piano, so his music is worth

.（2009·12·山东烟台模块检测）A.with;listening

B.with;listening to C.in;listening

D.in;listening to Page No.167 解析： ①选D。be worthy 后可以用不定式的被动语态或of being done结构，而worth后用动名词的主动语态表达被动概念。②选D。be skilled in也可以用be skilled at后跟名词或动名词表示，意思是―在……方面熟练的；在……方面有能力的‖。worth意思是―值得‖,后跟动名词的主动语态表达被动概念。在句中，music作listen to的逻辑宾语，而listen为不及物动词，因此to不可以去掉。Page No.168 7.wonder n.[C] 奇迹；奇观；[U]惊奇,惊叹 vt.想知道；对……感到好奇 常用结构：

in wonder

惊奇地 do/work wonders

创造奇迹

be wonder at

对……感到惊讶 be wonder about

想弄明白；琢磨 It is a wonder(that)...奇怪的是……

第五篇：五年级英语上册单词句型语法知识点总结

五年级英语上册单词句型语法知识点总结

Unit One A party 宴会(第一类单词和句子要求会听、说、读、背、写。)

1.plum 李子 2.noodle 面条 3.ice cream 雪糕 4.pear 雪梨 5.chocolate 巧克力 6.banana 香蕉 7.apple 苹果 8.chewing gum 口香糖 9.bread 面包 10.orange 橙子 11.cake 蛋糕 12.hot dog 热狗 13.juice 果汁 14.cola 可乐 15.bring 带来 16.weekend 周末 17.buy 买 18.need 需要 19.wait 等待 Sentences.1.I am going to buy chewing gum.我准备去买口香糖。.2.I am going to buy apples, pears and plums.我准备去买苹果、梨和李子。.A: What are you going to do on Saturday? B: I am going to a party. A你星期六准备干什么.B我准备去参加聚会。.A: What are you going to do tomorrow? B: I am going to ride a horse. A你明天打算干什么.B我打算去骑马。.Tom is going to ride a bike. Tom 准备去骑自行车。.She is going to play the piano.她准备去弹钢琴。.Emma is going to swim. Emma 准备去游泳。.We are going to play football.我们准备去踢足球。.They are going to dance.他们准备去跳舞。.You are going to a party.你准备去参加一个聚会。.A: What do we need? B: We need bread and cola.We need hot dogs and apples. A: 我们需要什么呢.B我们需要面包和可乐。我们需要热狗和苹果。.12.A: What about plums? B: Great idea. A: 还要些李子吗.B:好主意。.A: Can you bring some orange juice? B: Yes, OK.I think we also need cakes. A你可以带些橙汁来吗.B好的。我想我们也需要些蛋糕。.I can bring the bread.我可以带些面包来。.What can you bring ? I can bring some cakes.(你能带什么.我带蛋糕。)

(第二类单词和句子要求会听、说、读、认、写。)Words

1.party 聚会 2.pretty 漂亮的 3.piece 块 4.carry 搬 5.laugh 笑 6.blush 脸红 7.need 需要 8.idea 主意 9.think 想 10.again 再次 11.shall 将会 12.hide 藏 13.bush 矮树丛 14.tell 告诉 15.pass 传递 Phrases

1.have a party 举行聚会 2.go to a party 参加聚会 3.a piece of cake 一块蛋糕 4.trip over 绊倒 5.cassette recorder 录音机 6.what about 怎样 7.learn English 学习英语 8.do some cooking 烹调 9.watch cartoon 看卡通片 Sentences

1.He is going to learn English.他准备去学习英语。.Say „Hello to your friend.(Hello!)向你的朋友们说声“Hello”。.You see a pretty girl.你看见了一个漂亮的女孩。.Get her a big piece of cake.帮她拿一块蛋糕。.Carry it to the girl.把蛋糕递给这个女孩。.You trip over a cassette recorder.你给一台录音机绊倒了。.The cake is on the floor.蛋糕掉到地上了。.The girl laughs.女孩哈哈大笑。.You blush.你脸红了。.I will bring the noodles and the hot dogs.我准备带些面条和热狗来。.A: What shall we do? B: Let‘s run. A 我们该怎么办.B快跑吧。.Let’s hide behind the bushes. 我们藏在灌木丛后面吧。.Let‘s go over to the Brysons’. 我们到Bryson 他们家去吧。.We’ ll tell them. 我们去告诉他们吧。.Unit Two Mascots 吉祥物

Words 1.ring 环.戒指 2.shell 贝壳 3.friendship band 友谊带 4.silver bells 银铃铛 5.necklace 项链 6.soft toys 毛绒玩具 7.beautiful 美丽的 8.dollar 美元 9.forget 忘记 10.mascot 吉祥物 11.potato 马铃薯.土豆 12.sell 出售.卖 13.shop 商店 14.test 测试 Phrases: 1.is full of 充满„的 2.at school 在学校 3.an hour later 一个小时后 4.on the Puma Ranch 在美洲狮农场 5.all right 好的 Sentences.1.There are mascots everywhere.到处都有吉祥物。2.I have got a school bag.我有一个书包。3.He has got red pencil.他有一支红色的铅笔。4.–Have you got a new car? –Yes, I have.(No, I haven t.)你有一辆新轿车吗.是的.我有。.不.我没有。.5.What's that?It looks great!那是什么.看起来棒极了.6.Watch out!当心.7.Are you OK? 你还好吗.8.I'll be back in a minute.我马上就回来。9.Let me have a look.让我瞧一瞧。10.I want to sell this necklace.我要卖掉这个项链。

Unit Three dreams 梦

1.castle 城堡 2.dust灰尘 3.key 钥匙 4.lock 锁 5.monster 怪物

never决不.从不7.often 经常8.always 总是 9.sometimes 有时候 10.path 小路 pond 池塘 12.prince 王子 13.suddenly 突然地 14.who 谁15.fly 飞 spaceman 太空人 17.pony 矮种马, 小型马

Phrases and Sentences.You are fast asleep.你在沉睡。(He s fast asleep.他在沉睡。)Suddenly you wake up.你突然醒来。

The door of your room opens, and you see the hand of a monster.房间门开了.你看见一只怪物的手。You jump out of the bed.你跳出床。

You open the window and hide bebind the curtains.你打开窗户.躲在窗帘后面。The monster looks for you.怪物寻找你。

It sees the open window.它看见了打开的窗户。

It jumps out of the window to get you.它从窗户跳出去抓你。You close the window and get back into bed.你关上窗户.回到床上去睡觉。It looks like a castle.它看起来像一个城堡。Hurry up!Quickly赶快.Come back!Right now!回来.立即.get up at seven 七点起床 go to school at half past seven 七点半上学

have 4 classes in the moring 上午有四节课

have lunch at school at twelve 12 点在学校吃午饭

have sports at a quarter past four 在四点一刻有体育运动 go home at ten past five 五点过十分回家

do homework from seven to eight 从七点到八点做家庭作业 重点句型.dream that+从句“梦见„”如.I often dream that I can talk to animals.我经常梦见我能和动物交谈 dream of+ doing sth ①梦见„②梦想.渴望

如I sometimes dream of my friends.我有时候梦见我的朋友

Many boys dream of becoming pilots.许多男孩梦想成为飞行员。

Unit 4 What do you collect? 你收集什么.(第一类单词和句子要求会听、说、读、背、写。)

collect 收集 2.sticker 贴纸 3.stick 贴 4.comic 连环漫画

autograph 签名片 6.postcard 明信片 7.stamp 邮票 8.football picture 足球图片 9.want(想要)1 0.photo 照片 11.cactus 仙人掌

thief 小偷复数.thieves

all the time总是.一直.Sentences(句子)

A: What do you collect? B: I collect stickers.(你收集什么?我收集贴纸。)A: What do you collect? B: I collect comics and autographs.A: How many comics have you got? B: I have got fifty-four.你收集什么.我收集连环画画和签名片。你收集了多少连环画.我有五十四本。.3.I don’t collect football pictures.(我不收集足球画。.I don’t collect postcards or stamps. 我不收集明信片和邮票。.Sandra and I collect some books. Sandra 和我都收集了一些书。.I love stickers.I want stickers all the time.我很喜欢贴纸。我总是想要有很多贴纸。I stick the stickers on my schoolbag.我把贴纸贴在书包上。.8.A: What does Tim collect? B: He collects autographs.A: How many autographs has he got? B: He has got forty-three.

Tim 收集什么.他收集签名片。他收集了多少签名片.他有四十三张。.A: What does Angela collect? B: She collects comics and stamps.

Angela 收集什么.她收集连环画和邮票。.Kevin collects many postcards.He wants postcards all the time.(他收集了很多明信片。他总想拥有许多明信片。.Simon doesn’t collect football pictures. Simon 不收集足球图片。.Sue doesn’t collect any comics. Sue 不收集连环漫画。.Mary doesn’t collect stamps or autographs. Mary 不收集邮票和签名片。.Lisa and Jane collect postcards. Lisa 和Jane 收集签名片。.My father collects stamps.我的爸爸收集邮票。.A: Do you collect stickers? B Yes, I do.你收集贴纸吗.是的.我收集。.A: Do you collect football pictures? B: No, I don’t.你收集足球图片吗?不,我不收集。.A: Does Tom collect comics?

B: Yes, he does.(Tom 收集连环画吗.是的.他收集。)A: Does Emma collect autographs? B: No, she doesn’t.

Emma 收集签名片吗.不.她不收集。.二类单词、短语和句子要求听、说、读、认。Words

thief 小偷.2.wonderful美好的.3.first第一 Sentences

She has got a big box full of photos of her horse.她有一个装满马的图片的大盒子。His room is full of cactuses.他的房里放满了仙人掌。.I need a new dress.我需要一条新裙子。.A thief, a thief!My black hat is gone!有贼.有贼.我的黑帽子不见了。.Stop crying.别哭了。.What can I do? 我该怎么办呢..I’ve got an idea.我有办法了。.A hundred dollars for a hat?!That s a lot of money.一百块换一顶帽子?!太贵了。Give me the hundred dollars first.先给我一百块。.It looks wonderful.看起来棒极了。.Ok, I’ll take it.好吧.我要这一件。.Unit 5 Time 时间

一类单词和句子要求会听、说、读、写、背。Words(单词)

minute 分钟 2.top 顶尖的 3.athlete 运动员 4.cheetah 印度豹 5.fast 快速的 6.fastest 最快的 7.cyclist 骑自行车的人 8.metre 米 9.kilometre 千里

word 单词 11.say 说 12.think 想 13.draw 画画 14..quarter(一刻钟)hour 小时 16.half 一半 17.past 过 18.about 大概 19.time 时间,次数 phrases词组..how often(多长时间一次)2.bend your knees(弯膝)

3.the fastest car(最快的汽车)

4.the fastest train(最快的火车)Sentences(句子):

A:How often can you jump in a minute? 你一分钟能跳几下?

B:I can jump ninety times in a minute.我一分钟能跳九十下.A: How often can you bend your knees in a minute? 你一分钟能弯膝多少下.B: I can bend my kness forty times in a minute.我一分钟能弯膝四十下。A: How often can Tom jump in a minute? Tom 一分钟可以跳几下?

B: He can jump fifty-three times in a minute.他一分钟能够跳五十三下.A: How many words can you write in a minute? 你一分钟可以写多少个单词?

B: I can write twenty-seven words in a minute.一分钟可以写二十七个英语单词.A: How many animals can you draw in a minute? 你一分钟能画多少只动物?

B: I can draw twelve animals in a minute.我在一分钟内可以画十二只动物。

A: How many words can Emma write in a minute?Emma 一分钟能写多少个单词.B: She can write forty-two words in a minute.她一分钟能写四十二个单词。A:What is the time? B: It s six o clock.(几点了? 六点了。)(8)A:What s the time? B: It s half past eight.(几点了?八点半。)A:What s the time? B: It s twenty to nine.(几点了?八点四十分。)

A: What s the time? B: It s a quarter to eleven.几点了.十点四十五分。.(11)A: What s the time? B: It s ten to twelve.几点了.十一点五十分。.A: What s the time? B: It s five to four.几点了.三点五十五分。.What’s the time?(= What time is it?)几点了..二类单词、短语和句子要求听、说、读、认。单词.stop 停 2.special(特别的)3.Concorde(协和客机)4.correct(正确的)句子.In a minute a top athlete can run about four hundred metres.(最顶尖的运动员一分钟能跑四百米。)

In a minute a cheetah can run about 1 kilometre and a half.(一只印度豹一分钟内能跑一点五千米。)

A top cyclist on a special bike can ride about four kilometers in a minute.

一个顶尖的自行车骑者骑特殊的自行车在一分钟内能骑四千米。.Concorde can fly about forty kilometres in a minute. 协和客机一分钟能飞行四十千米。.The fastest car can go about twenty kilometres in a minute.(最快的汽车一分钟能行二十千米。)

The fastest train can go about eight kilometres in a minute.(最快的火车一分钟能行八千米。)