一个美丽的错误阅读理解题目及答案

第一篇：一个美丽的错误阅读理解题目及答案

一个美丽的错误

题目:

1、第3自然段画横线句“学生故意犯了一个错误”，从文中看，毛毛为什么会犯这样的“错误”？这个“错误”究竟美在哪里？（用自己的话回答，4分）

2、一个美丽的“错误”在文中第一个故事中已交代清楚，阐释全面，可作者又引入了第二个有关作文的故事。这两则故事有什么内在联系？作者这样安排的用意是什么？（4分）

3、仔细阅读文中的两则故事，想一想故事中的小主人有着哪些相同的品质特点？（2分）

4、联系全文看，本文标题“一个美丽的错误”有什么含义和作用？（4分）

5、本文故事中两个学生的想法、做法引人深思，可圈可点。假如你是这两个学生的同学，面对这种情况，将会作出怎样的评判？请任选其一，写一段能体现自己独到思考和见解的点评性文字。（3分）

6、孝敬父母，是做儿女的本分。你是否也曾有过如文中毛毛所犯的美丽“错误”？若有，请选择一次，简述经过及当时感受。或请你策划一次近期孝敬父母（老人）的行动打算，并说出决定那样做的理由。（4分）

参考答案：

1、（1）因为毛毛热爱爸爸，为表达自己减轻爸爸劳累辛苦程度和生活重压的真诚愿望，他虽然知道如何正确解答却故意将题答错毛毛通过故意错答试题的方式，表达了对辛苦劳作的父亲的同情、怜惜和希望减轻父亲劳苦的纯真想法；（2）体现出了天真孩童的拳拳爱父之情。

2、联系：两则故事都涉及到热爱和孝敬亲人的内容，都体现了“感恩”这一共同的主题，因此二者之间联系密切。

用意：丰富了文章的表达内容；更能引发读者反思自己的行为，激发自己的爱与感恩之心；通过故事中两位老师截然不同的做法比较，启发教育者深刻反思自己的教育教学行为，学会捕捉和感受儿童细腻的情感，珍惜儿童所保有的“真、善、美”。

3、纯真、善良、孝顺，懂得感恩，富有爱心。

4、含义：错误是真实的，做法是朴素而美好的，通过这个“错误”所折射出的孩童毛毛内心的真纯与爱心是美好的。

作用：体现反常思维，使文章题目显得新颖独特，更能引起读者阅读与探究的兴趣；行文线索。

5、视点评见解的独到、深刻与表达的通顺程度酌情赋分。

6、视叙述的通顺程度和情感表现力酌情赋分，思想不健康不得分。

原文:

一个美丽的错误

上一个论坛，读到网友发的一个帖子，感动莫名。

那帖子的大概内容是：一次数学考试，毛毛有一道题做错了，老师在旁边扣了1分。还有一道连线题，左边竖列的是“一车土”“一块砖”“一张纸”，右边竖列的是“1吨”“2公斤”“3克”。毛毛在“一块砖”和“3克”之间连了道线。为了培养学生的综合能力，试卷上要求学生写一段话，这段话是不计分的。毛毛的那段话里有这样的句子：“我爸爸是个挑砖工。我希望所有的砖头不要太重，每块砖只有3克就好了。我爸爸太累了。我爸爸太辛苦了。我爱我的爸爸！”老师用红笔在旁边加了1分，还写了一段话：“爱心加1分。你得了满分——爱心满分。祝贺你！”

爱心满分！这句话，深深打动了我。用什么词语来形容这个毛毛呢？天真，孝顺，联想丰富„„一个多么可爱的孩子啊！他用一种特殊的方式表达了对父亲的怜惜与挚爱。那么，又用什么词语来形容那位老师呢？耐心，智慧，善解人意„„一个多么可敬的老师，是她从孩子的眼睛里看到了天堂，是她为孩子的爱心增添了光明的亮度。学生故意犯了一个美丽的错误，老师也跟着存心“错误”了下去，一道连线对接起来的，也许是两颗同样纤细质朴的善良的心„„

我不禁想起了一个让我鼻子发酸的故事：一个小学四年级的语文老师，让学生以“我的理想”为题写一篇作文。有一个学生是这样写的：“阿爹还没走（当地人称人死为“走”）的时候就告诉我要好好学习天天向上，长大做个科学家；阿妈却要我长大后做个公安，说这样啥都不怕。我不想当科学家，也不想当公安。我的理想是当一只狗，天天夜里守在家门口。因为阿妈胆小，怕鬼。我也怕。听阿妈说，狗不怕鬼，所以我要做一只狗，这样阿妈和我就都不怕了„„”作文刚好一页，字歪歪斜斜的。那一页，老师没有给分，只是打了个大大的红叉。

接着，我将自己想成了这个“怪”孩子的老师。当我看到这篇作文，会不会感动呢？说实在的，此时此刻，我真的也想像毛毛的老师那样犯一个美丽的错误，在这篇作文上画一个红红的勾，倾心聆听一次孤儿寡母的爱与哀愁，轻轻地抚摸一下失去父亲的孩子的创痕，拓宽一个孤寂孩童爱的出口。

《圣经》里说：“你们如果不回转，变成小孩子的样子，就一定不得进天国。”

帕斯卡尔说：“智慧把我们带回到童年。”

孟子说：“大人先生者不失赤子之心。”

而我想说的是，我爱那个在艰难的生活夹缝中仍懂得感恩的孩子，我爱那个在无邪的心灵前深深凝视的老师，我喜欢那个美丽的错误„„

（选自《小品•美文》）

第二篇：英语六级阅读理解经典题目及答案

According to the latest research in the' United States of America, men and women talk such different languages that it is like people from two different cultures trying to communicate.Professor Deborah Tannen of Georgetown University, has noticed the difference in the style of boy's and girl's conversations from an early age.She says that little girls' conversation is less definite than boys' and expresses more doubts.Little boys use conversation to establish status with their listeners.These differences continue into adult life, she says.In public conversations, men talk most and interrupt other speakers more.In private conversations, men and women speak in equal amounts—although they say things in a different style.Professor Tannen believes that, for woman, private talking is a way to establish and test intimacy.For men, private talking is a way to explore the power structure of a relationship.Teaching is one job where the differences between men's and women's ways of talking show.When a man teaches a woman, says Professor Tannen, he wants to show that he has more knowledge, and hence more power in conversation.When a woman teaches another woman, however, she is more likely to take a sharing approach and to encourage her student to join in.But Professor Tannen does not believe that women are naturally more helpful.She says women feel they achieve power by being able to help others.Although the research suggests men talk and interrupt people more than women, Professor Tannen says, women actually encourage this to happen because they believe it will lead to more intimacy and help to establish a relationship.Some scientists who are studying speech think that the brain is pre¬programmed for language.As we are usually taught to speak by women, it seems likely that the brain must have a sexual bias(倾向性)in its programming,otherwise male speech patterns would not arise at all.1.In the opinion of the writer, women encourage men to talk because

A.it will lead to more intimacy and help to establish a relationship

B.it will help to establish status with their listeners

C.it will help to express more clearly

D.it will help to communicate better

2.There are_______in little girls' conversation than in boys'.A.fewer doubts B.more demands

C.more doubts D.fewer uncertainties

3.Some scientists believe that brain is pre-programmed for language.The word “pre programmed” means_______.A.programmed already B.programmed before one is born

C.programmed early D.programmed by women

4.In private conversation, women speak

A.the same things as men B.less than men

C.more than men D.as much as men

5.The theme of this article is _______.A.women are naturally more helpful

B.men and women talk different languages

C.men talk most and interrupt other speakers more

D.little girls' conversation is less definite

In the last two hundred years there have been great changes in the method of production of goods.This is now also true of the building industry;for mechanization has been introduced.System building can save both time and money.The principle of system building is that the building is made from a set of standard units.These are either made at the building-site or at a factory.Some designers, in fact, are standardizing the dimensions of rooms.They are made in multiples of a single fixed length, usually ten centimeters.This is called a modular(标准件的)system, and it means that manufactures can produce standardized fittings at a lower cost.The most important fact about system building is its speed.A ten-storey flat, for example, can be completed in four months.There are several new methods of system building.One is the panel method.In this case, the construction company sometimes erects a factory on the site.The walls and floors of the building, called panels, are cast in a horizontal or vertical position.Conduits for electrical wires and sleeves for pipes are cast in the panels when they are being made.The moulds for making these castings are situated all around the building.After the concrete panels are cast, they are allowed to set and harden for a week.Next they are lifted by a tower crane on to any section of the building.There the panels are cemented together at their joints and the floor covering is laid.After the panels have been cemented together, the crane lifts a case into the area.It contains all the fittings to be installed, such as wash-basins, radiators and pipes.Finishing tradesmen, such as plumbers, plasterers, painters and electricians, follow behind to complete the work.In some building developments, in some countries, whole flats with internal features like their bathrooms, bedrooms and connecting stairs, and weighing as much as twenty tons, are carried to the building-site ready-made.A giant overhead crane is used to lift them into position.In the future, this method may become more widespread.1.The main difference between panel method and the method discussed in the last paragraph is_______.A.the latter uses ready-made internal features

B.panels are cast in a level position

C.the former is used to build walls and floors while the latter to construct bathrooms or bedrooms

D.the former is more expensive than the latter

2.Which of these statements is TRUE of system building?

A.It employs more men.B.It is difficult and dangerous.C.It can save both time and money.D.It means less mechanization.3.According to the passage, the principle of system building is that_______.A.construction methods are safer

B.buildings are made from a set of standardized units

C.similar buildings can be produced

D.all units are produced on the site

4.The usual fixed length in the modular system is_______.A.twenty centimeters B.ten millimeters

C.fifty centimeters D.ten centimeters

5.What lifts the concrete panels onto the building?

A.Cranes.B.Man-power.C.Pulleys.D.Hydraulic jacks.1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.A

The “standard of living” of any country means the average person's share of the goods and services which the country produces.A country's standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth.“Wealth” in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: “goods” such as food and clothing, and “services” such as transport and entertainment.A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another.Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country's natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on.Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate;other regions possess perhaps only one of these things, and some regions possess none of them.The U.S.A is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she has vast natural resources within her borders, her soil is fertile, and her climate is varied.The Sahara Desert, on the other hand, is one of the least wealthy.Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use.China is perhaps as well off as the U.S.A.in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons was.unable to develop her resources.Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered.Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country's people.Old countries that have, through many centuries, trained up numerous skilled craftsmen and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled.Wealth also produces wealth.As a country becomes wealthier, its people have a large margin for saving, and can put their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to turn out more goods in their working day.1.A country's wealth depends upon______.,A.its standard of living

B.its money

C.its ability to provide goods and services

D.its ability to provide transport and entertainment

2.The word “foremost” means______.A.most importantly B.firstly

C.largely D.for the most part

3.The main idea of the second paragraph is that______.A.a country's wealth depends on many factors

B.the U.S.A.is one of the wealthiest countries in the world

C.the Sahara Desert is a very poor region

D.natural resources are an important factor in the wealth or poverty of a country

4.The third paragraph mentions some of the advantages which one country may have over another in making use of its resources.How many such advantages are mentioned in this paragraph?

A.2B.3

C.4D.5

5.The second sentence.in Paragraph 3 is______.A.the main idea of the paragraph B.an example supporting the main idea of the paragraph C.the conclusion of the paragraph D.not related to the paragraph

The productivity of Americans employed in private businesses has declined.The productivity of workers in countries such as Japan and Germany is increasing.American machine tools, on average, are old, relatively inefficient, and rapidly becoming obsolete, whereas those of our competitors overseas, in comparison, are newer and more efficient.We are no longer the most productive workers in the world.We are no longer the leaders in industrial innovation(革新).We are an immensely

wealthy nation of educated men and women who seem to have lost sight of the fact that everything—from the simplest necessities to the finest luxuries—must be produced through our own collective hard work.We have come to expect automatic increases in our collective standard of living, but we seem to have forgotten that these increases are possible only when our productivity continues to grow.One thing that must change is the rate at which we substitute capital equipment for human labor.Simply put, our labor force has increased at a far greater rate than has our stock of capital investment.We seem to have forgotten that our past productivity gains, to a large extent, were realized from substitutions of capital for human labor.Today, 3 times as many robots are listed as capital assets by Japanese firms as by United States firms.There is no doubt that robots will become a common sight in American factories.Representing a new generation of technology, robots will replace factory labor much as the farm tractor replaced the horse.Robot technology has much to offer.It offers higher levels of productivity and quality at lower costs;in promises to free men and women from the dull, repetitious toil of the factory, it is likely to have an impact on society comparable to that made by the growth of computer technology.1.The word “obsolete”(Para.1)most probably means_______.A.weak B.old

C.new D.out of date

2.The author is anxious about_______.A.his people no longer taking the lead in industrial innovation

B.his country no longer being a wealthy nation

C.his people forgetting to raise their productivity

D.his country falling behind other industrial nations

3.According to the author, in his country_______..A.the proportion of labor force to capital investment is quite low

B.the growth rate of labor force should be greater than that of capital investment

C.the productivity increases should be achieved by the increases of labor force

D.capital investment should have increased more rapidly than labor force

4.So far as the influence on society is concerned, _______.A.robot technology seems to be much more promising than computer technology

B.computer technology has less to offer than robot technology

C.robot technology can be compared with computer technology

D.robot technology cannot be compared with computer technology

5.The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to show that_______.A.robots will help increase labor productivity B.robots will rule American factories C.robots are cheaper than human laborers

D.robots will finally replace humans in factories

1.C 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.B1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.A

第三篇：一个美丽的错误（共）

（二）一个美丽的错误(16分)

上一个论坛，读到网友发的一个帖子，感动莫名。

那帖子的大概内容是：一次数学考试，毛毛有一道题做错了，老师在旁边扣了1分。还有一道连线题，左边竖列的是“一车土”“一块砖”“一张纸”，右边竖列的是“1吨”“2公斤”“3克”。毛毛在“一块砖”和“3克”之间连了道线。为了培养学生的综合能力，试卷上要求学生写一段话，这段话是不计分的。毛毛的那段话里有这样的句子：“我爸爸是个挑砖工。我希望所有的砖头不要太重，每块砖只有3克就好了。我爸爸太累了。我爸爸太辛苦了。我爱我的爸爸！”老师用红笔在旁边加了1分，还写了一段话：“爱心加1分。你得了满分——爱心满分。祝贺你！”

爱心满分！这句话，深深打动了我。用什么词语来形容这个毛毛呢？天真，孝顺，联想丰富„„一个多么可爱的孩子啊！他用一种特殊的方式表达了对父亲的怜惜与挚爱。那么，又用什么词语来形容那位老师呢？耐心，智慧，善解人意„„一个多么可敬的老师，是她从孩子的眼睛里看到了天堂，是她为孩子的爱心增添了光明的亮度。学生故意犯了一个美丽的错误，老师也跟着存心“错误”了下去，一道连线对接起来的，也许是两颗同样纤细质朴的善良的心„„

我不禁想起了一个让我鼻子发酸的故事：一个小学四年级的语文老师，让学生以“我的理想”为题写一篇作文。有一个学生是这样写的：“阿爹还没走（当地人称人死为“走”）的时候就告诉我要好好学习天天向上，长大做个科学家；阿妈却要我长大后做个公安，说这样啥都不怕。我不想当科学家，也不想当公安。我的理想是当一只狗，天天夜里守在家门口。因为阿妈胆小，怕鬼。我也怕。听阿妈说，狗不怕鬼，所以我要做一只狗，这样阿妈和我就都不怕了„„”作文刚好一页，字歪歪斜斜的。那一页，老师没有给分，只是打了个大大的红叉。

接着，我将自己想成了这个“怪”孩子的老师。当我看到这篇作文，会不会感动呢？说实在的，此时此刻，我真的也想像毛毛的老师那样犯一个美丽的错误，在这篇作文上画一个红红的勾，倾心聆听一次孤儿寡母的爱与哀愁，轻轻地抚摸一下失去父亲的孩子的创痕，拓宽一个孤寂孩童爱的出口。

《圣经》里说：“你们如果不回转，变成小孩子的样子，就一定不得进天国。”

帕斯卡尔说：“智慧把我们带回到童年。”

孟子说：“大人先生者不失赤子之心。”

而我想说的是，我爱那个在艰难的生活夹缝中仍懂得感恩的孩子，我爱那个在无邪的心灵前深深凝视的老师，我喜欢那个美丽的错误„„（选自《小品•美文》）

15．第3自然段画横线句“学生故意犯了一个错误”，从文中看，毛毛为什么会犯这样的“错误”？这个“错误”究竟美在哪里？（用自己的话回答，2分）

_____________________________________________________________________ 16．一个美丽的“错误”在文中第一个故事中已交代清楚，阐释全面，可作者又引入了第二个有关作文的故事。这两则故事有什么内在联系？作者这样安排的用意是什么？（4分）_____________________________________________________________________

17．仔细阅读文中的两则故事，想一想故事中的小主人有着哪些相同的品质特点？（2分）_____________________________________________________________________ 18．联系全文看，本文标题“一个美丽的错误”有什么含义和作用？（2分）_____________________________________________________________________ 19．本文故事中两个学生的想法、做法引人深思，可圈可点。假如你是这两个学生的同学，面对这种情况，将会作出怎样的评判？请任选其一，写一段能体现自己独到思考和见解的点评性文字。（3分）_____________________________________________________________________ 20．孝敬父母，是做儿女的本分。你是否也曾有过如文中毛毛所犯的美丽“错误”？若有，请选择一次，简述经过及当时感受。或请你策划一次近期孝敬父母（老人）的行动打算，并说出决定那样做的理由。（3分）_____________________________________________________________________

阅读答案：

15、因为毛毛热爱爸爸，为表达自己减轻爸爸劳累辛苦程度和生活重压的真诚愿望，他虽然知道如何正确解答却故意将题答错毛毛通过故意错答试题的方式，表达了对辛苦劳作的父亲的同情、怜惜和希望减轻父亲劳苦的纯真想法；体现出了天真孩童的拳拳爱父之情。

16、两则故事都涉及到热爱和孝敬亲人的内容，都体现了“感恩”这一共同的主题，因此二者之间联系密切。用意：丰富了文章的表达内容；更能引发读者反思自己的行为，激发自己的爱与感恩之心；通过故事中两位老师截然不同的做法比较，启发教育者深刻反思自己的教育教学行为，学会捕捉和感受儿童细腻的情感，珍惜儿童所保有的“真、善、美”。

17、纯真、善良、孝顺，懂得感恩，富有爱心。

18、含义：错误是真实的，做法是朴素而美好的，通过这个“错误”所折射出的孩童毛毛内心的真纯与爱心是美好的。作用：体现反常思维，使文章题目显得新颖独特，更能引起读者阅读与探究的兴趣；行文线索。

19、视点评见解的独到、深刻与表达的通顺程度酌情赋分。

20、视叙述的通顺程度和情感表现力酌情赋分，思想不健康不得分。

作文，以“ 也美丽”为题写一篇文章。（50分）

要求：

（1）在横线上填上一个或短语词语，使标题完整；（2）除诗歌外，文体不限；（3）不少于600字

第四篇：美丽错误

错误是课堂教学的再生资源

“失败是成功之母”就是说错误是正确的先导，错误是通向成功的阶梯。在学习过程中，学生犯错误的过程有时也是一种尝试和创新的过程。我们把学生学习中所犯的错误，可称为“美丽错误”。它是学生最朴实的思想经验最真实的暴露。所以应该允许、包容、接纳学生的错误，并耐心地帮助他们纠正错误。然而就错误产生过程而言，不过是学生在数学学习过程中所做的某种尝试，基于某种片面认识所做出的认定，其中包含着有价值的思维方法，因此错误是一种教学资源。简便计算教学中，教师要充分利用错误资源，启迪学生的智慧，拓展学生的思维，从中突破教学难点。

学生的每一个错误并不是无中生有的，每一个错误都意味着学生在对知识或概念的认识上有了偏差或是受了限制。学生在计算中出现的错误在小学数学学习过程中是普遍存在的，因其产生的错误并不是“仔细”就能解决的，其中学生个人的内在因素和老师教学的外在因素都能催生这种错误的存在。因此我们要正确面对学生的错误，走进学生内心看待问题的根源，分析和研究错误的心理成因，寻找合理而有效的方法去克服。

第五篇：《鲁滨孙漂流记》阅读理解题目加答案

《鲁滨孙漂流记》练习

（一）九月三十日这一天，是我上岛的纪念日。像去年一样，我严肃虔诚地度过了这一天。我来到这岛上已两年了，但与两年前刚上岛时一样，毫无获救的希望„„

直到现在，我才充分意识到，我现在的生活比过去幸福得多。尽管我目前处境不幸，但我过去过的却是一种罪恶的、可憎的、令人诅咒的生活。我现在完全改变了对忧愁和欢乐的看法，我的愿望也大不相同，我的爱好和兴趣也变了。与初来岛上相比，甚至与过去两年相比，我获得了一种前所未有的欢乐。

过去，当我到各处打猎，或勘查岛上环境时，一想到自己的处境，我的灵魂就会痛苦不堪；想到自己被困在这些树林、山谷和沙滩中间，被困在没有人烟的荒野里，我觉得自己就像是个囚犯，那茫茫的大海就是我牢狱的铁栅栏，并且永无出狱之日。一想到这些，我总是忧心如焚。即使在我心境最宁静的时候，这种念头也会像暴风雨一样突然向我袭来，使我扭扯双手，像小孩一样号啕痛哭。有时在劳动中，这种念头也会突然袭来。我就会立刻坐下来，长吁短叹，两眼死盯着地面，一两个小时一动也不动，这就更令人痛苦了。因为，假如我能哭出来，或用语言发泄出来，苦恼就会过去；悲哀发泄出来后，心情也会好一些。

1、本段选自_______国著名作家_________的作品 《________________》，小说中的“我”来自______国，在荒岛上度过了_______年。

2、阅读本段，说说“我”此时的心情和对生活的态度与初到荒岛时相比发生了怎样的变化？由此我们可以获得怎样的人生启示？

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下一个问题是我需要一个石臼舂粮食。因为我明白，仅凭自己的一双手，是无法做出石磨的。至于如何做石臼，我也一筹莫展。三百六十行中，我最不懂的就是石匠手艺了，更何况没有合适的工具。我费了好几天的功夫，想找一块大石头，把中间挖空后做个石臼。可是岛上尽是大块岩石，根本无法挖凿，而且石质不硬，是一些一碰就碎的沙石，经不住重锤去舂，而且即使能捣碎谷物，也必然会从石臼中舂出许多沙子和在面粉里。因此，当我花了很长时间找不到适当的石料时，就放弃了这个念头，决定找一大块硬木头。这要容易得多。我弄了一块很大的木头，大得我勉强能搬得动。然后用大斧小斧把木头砍圆；当起初具圆形时，就用火在上面烧一个槽。火力和无限的劳力，就像巴西的印第安人做独木舟那样终于把臼做成了。又用铁树做了一个又大又重的杵。舂谷的工具做好后，我就放起来准备下次收获后舂谷做面粉，再用面粉做面包。

第二个需要克服的困难是，我得做一个筛子筛面粉，把面粉和秕糠分开。没有筛子，就无法做面包。做筛子想想也把我难倒了。我没有任何材料可以用来做筛子，也就是那种有很细很细网眼的薄薄的布可以把面粉筛出来。这使我停工好几个月，不知怎么办才好。除了一些破布碎片外，我连一块亚麻布也没有。虽然我有山羊毛，但我根本不知道怎样纺织，即使知道，这里也没有纺织工具。后来，我忽然想起一个补救办法，也是当时唯一的办法，那就是在从船上搬下来的那些水手衣服里，有几块棉布和薄纱围巾。我拿了几块出来做成三个小筛子，总算能凑合着用，这样应付了好几年。至于后来怎么办，我下面再叙述。

1、用分别用三个字概括选文中鲁滨孙所做的两件事，并结合作品的其他情节写出三件以上主人公战胜困难的事情。（4分）

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2、结合本文段及其它文段中的一些细节描写，简要分析主人公的性格特点。（4分）

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（三）（A）就拿这伙人来说吧，我简直很难想象他们中间有什么人能死里逃生，也没有任何理由指望他们全体生还。对他们来说，唯一的希望是被结伴同行的船只搭救。可是这种可能性实在太小了，我看不出任何一点被搭救的迹象。看到这一情景，我心里产生了一种说不出的求伴求友的强烈欲望，有时竟会脱口而出地大声疾呼："啊！哪怕有一两个人——就是只有一个人能从船上逃出性命也好啊！那样他能到我这儿来，与我作伴，我能有人说说话也好啊！我多年来过着孤寂的生活，可从来没有像今天这样强烈地渴望与人交往，也从来没有像今天这样深切地感到没有伴侣的痛苦。

（B）在他们和我的城堡之间，有一条小河。这条小河，我在本书的开头部分曾多次提到过；我把破船上的东西运下来的时候，就是进入小河后搬上岸的。我看得很清楚，那逃跑的野人必须游过小河，否则就一定会被他们在河边抓祝这时正值涨潮，那逃跑的野人一到河边，就毫不犹豫纵身跳下河去，只划了三十来下便游过了河。他一爬上岸，又迅速向前狂奔。后面追他的那三个野人到了河边。其中只有两个会游水，另一个却不会，只好站在河边，看其他两个游过河去。

1、A段主要运用了什么描写方法，写出了鲁滨孙一种什么样的心理状况？

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2、B段中“他”指谁？后来，鲁滨孙给他取了什么名字？两个人关系如何？

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3、结合两段文字，谈谈鲁滨孙为什么会救这个野人？

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《鲁滨孙漂流记》阅读 参考答案

（一）1、英 笛福 鲁滨孙漂流记 英282、由最初的痛苦沮丧到后来的积极乐观。启示：当我们面临困难时，一定要沉着冷静，勇敢坚毅，乐观自信，这样才能战胜困难，渡过难关。

（二）1、做石臼，做筛子。搭建住所，筑防御工事，做桌子，做伞，做铲子，制陶器，制面包等。

2、在荒无人烟的海岛上，鲁滨逊运用自己的智慧，创造性地解决了食物、用具等问题，选段中他做舂粮食的石臼，筛面粉的筛子及他做铲子，制面包等细节描写，充分表现了他积极面对困难，豁达乐观的态度，勤于思考、勇于实践和非凡的创造能力。

（三）1、心理描写；非常孤独与寂寞，渴望有人陪同。

2、野人，鲁滨孙与“星期五”是以中国主仆关系；“星期五”对鲁滨孙非常忠诚。

3、为了摆脱内心的孤独与寂寞。