学术英语摘要

第一篇：学术英语摘要

Vocabulary:

Toboggan: a fast sled used for sliding down snowy or icy hills.RV:(recdreational vehicle)large motor vehicle equipped with living space ,such as a toilet,kitchen,sleeping space,etc.Manifest destiny:American philosophy from the 19th century;belief that Americans have a destiny or fate to explore new areas and take over new lands.Hitchhike:

Cinco de mayo:it was a festival of Mexican,today it means freedom and independent

Grafitti:

Dive: a very cheap,often sketchy restaurant or bar

Cuckooa: man who is a stupid,incompetent fool

Pit stop: a break to get food or grass or use the bathroom.Idioms/Slang:

The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence: people tend to want whatever they don’t have.Have itchy feet:

Yellow fever:refer to westen men who like to date Asian women ,for example:John only dates Chinese girls,he denifite have yellow fever.Backseat driver: a passenger who gives unnecessary or annoying directions to the diriver.Dog days of summer: hot and humid weather,usually in late July.Digging a hole to China:1)to dig a hole.2)to have unrealistic goals or expectatry.If she thinks she can pass her drivers exam,she’s just digging a hole to

China.Get lobstered: get a very bad sunburn,turn bright red.Black gold: the oil

To shanghai: to kidnap, trick, or force someone to do something unwillingly.for example :I didn’t want to go to the movies last night, but my friend she

shanghai to me.Don’t eat yellow snow: don’t do things that obvious that is stupid or damage.Concepts:

1.Americans’ perception of Chinas

2.Road trip

3.Great Wall graffiti zone

4.Advice

5.new years resolutions

第二篇：学术英语摘要

Text 4

Security Benefits of Cloud Computing

Abstract: Today, we can easily notice how the nature of the internet is changing from a place used to read web pages to an environment that allows the users to run software applications.Nowadays, with the development of web page ,the newest web page has up to web pages 3.0,also called the intelligent web ,which is the next stage of the internet evolution.the cloud means the internet.the term is derived from the way in which the internet is often represented into the network diagrams.the current cloud computing

architecture involves the existence of the data centers that are able to provide services to the clients located al overthe world.the main advantages of the cloud computing are the following :there is no need to download or install a specific software and update the local system, users or clients don’t afraid to the computing crashing, because everything is stored into cloud.the cost is low or even free ,like mobile phone or PDAs.the cloud

computing can be used.but everything has its short leg ,there are some disadvantages as well, like :it is hard to integrate with the existing in-house infrastructure.there are not

enough major suppliers in this field and so on.Some major Security benefits for individuals or companies, like the following: centralizing data storage ,increasing uncertainty,virtualization allows a rapid replacement of compromised server located into the cloud without major costs or damages.Today ,the information infrastructure is moving faster to a simple but very innovative concept called cloud computing.the cloud computing is potentially able to offer major security benefits.Key words :security ,cloud computing, advantages, benefits

云计算的安全优势

摘要：今天，我们可以很容易发现如何在互联网的本质是从用于读取网页到一个环境，使用户能够运行应用软件的地方改变。

如今，随着网页的发展，最新的网页有多达网页3.0，也称为智能网，它是互联网演进的下一阶段。云是指互联网。这个词是从在互联网上通常表示成网络图的方式获得。目前的云计算架构涉及到能够给客户提供服务的数据中心的存在，位于人在世界。云计算的主要优势有以下几点：无需下载或安装一个特定的软件和更新本地系统，用户或客户端不害怕的计算崩溃，因为一切都被存储到云计算的成本低甚至免费，如移动电话或PDA。，云计算可以使用，但任何事物都有它的腿短，也有一些缺点，如：它是很难与现有的内部基础设施的整合没有足够的主要供应商在这一领域等。

为个人或公司，如以下一些主要的安全优势：数据集中存储，不确定性增加，虚拟化技术允许快速更换定位成云无重大费用或损失被攻陷服务器的今天，信息基础设施正在快速地简单，但。非常创新的概念，叫做云计算。云计算是潜在的能够提供重大的安全利益。关键词：安全，云计算，优点，好处

Text 8

How Nanotechnology Works

Abstract:

At the begin of this article,it states that there are unprecedented multidisciplinary convergence scientists dedicated to the study of a world so small that we can’t see it—even with a light microscope and tells us the important of nanotechnology.Then in order to understand the unusual world of nanotechnology ,we need to get an idea of the units of measure involved.The long of one nanometer is so small.When we measure the atomic scale,we can find that it’s still small compare to the nannmeter.But in a lecture called “Small Wonders:The World of Nanoscience”,Nobel Prize winner Dr.Horst Stormer said that the nanoscale is more interstesting than the atomic scale because the nanoscale is the first point where we can assemble something—it’s not until we start putting atoms together that we can make anything useful.Then the article states that some predictions of nanotechnology such as the use of the rule of quantum mechanics,nanorobot.It

nanotechnology in future.Key words: nanotechnologyvalueapplication in future

Text 10

states that there great value in

Global Warming and Its Effects

Abstract:Global warming has been a global issue for many years now.However, the most prominent effect of global warming exists in the climate change over the past years.It causes the oceans warmer, the intensity of hurricanes amplifies in power and devastation.Another area affected by global warming is the animal kingdom and nature.The number of animals has been decreasing and the various disease has spread to new regions across the globe.A third type of evidence of global warming can be found in plants.The leading cause of global warming is the ongoing burning of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.Although carbon dioxide largely harms the environment, the other greenhouse gases have a large impact in the atmosphere.Throughout the world, various nations have been joining to help prevent or slow the process of global warming.The issue of global warming affects nature, people, and the economy.Scientists directly link disease to global warming.When people are trying to get others involved in the cause, a common problem that arises is the lack of motivation.In conclusion, the world needs to put forth a stronger effort to prevent global warming.And the mitigation of global warming, we should do from ourselves, from the little things around.Key words: global warming，climate change，effect

全球变暖以及它的影响

摘要：现在全球变暖已经成为多年来的全球问题，然而，过去几年来全球变暖最突出的影响体现在气候变化上，它导致海洋变得更暖、飓

风的强度和力量更强、冰川融化等等。全球变暖影响的另一个领域是动物王国和自然，它导致动物的数量急剧减少、疾病的传播更加广。全球变暖的第三类证据可以在植物中找到。全球变暖的主要原因是不断地燃烧化石燃料，这种燃烧会向大气中释放二氧化碳。不仅仅是二氧化碳，其它的温室气体也对大气有很大影响。在全世界，不同国家一直在努力防止或减缓全球变暖的过程。这个问题影响到自然、人和经济。科学家们直接把疾病和全球变暖联系起来，当人们努力让其他人参与到这项事业中，出现的一个共同问题是缺乏动力。总之，世界需要付出更大的努力以防止全球变暖。减缓全球变暖，我们应该从自己做起，从身边的小事做起。

关键字：全球变暖，气候变化，影响

Text 11

Risks of Nuclear Power Abstract：

The principal risks associated with nuclear power arise from health effects of radiation.The radiation mainly comes form the radioactive material.They can penetrate deep inside the human body where they can damage biological cells and thereby initiate a cancer.If they strike sex cells, they can cause genetic diseases in progeny.But the rate of the latter is far less than the former.Reactor accidents is also one of the risk of nuclear power.But the nuclear power plant design strategy for preventing accidents ,back-up system and mitigating their potential effects is “defence in depth”, so they happen

probability is exceedingly small.If they all fails,very high radiation doses can destroy body functions and lead to death within 60 days.The radioactive waste products from the nuclear industry must be isolated from contact with people for very long time periods.The bulk of the radioactivity is contained in the spent fuel, which is quite small in volume and therefore easily handled with great care.At other radiation problems，for example, exploitation of materials and transport of radioactive materials also produce radiation.The effects of routine releases of radioactivity from nuclear plants depend somewhat on how the spent fuel is handled.Key words：radiation，risks，reactor accidents，radioactive waste核电的风险 摘要： 核电的风险主要来自辐射对健康的危害，这些辐射主要来自于放射性材料。他们可以穿透人体深处,破坏生物细胞,从而引发癌症；如果他们破坏生殖细胞,可能导致遗传疾病。但是后者发生的概率远小于前者。核反应堆事故也是核电的风险之一，由于具有纵深防御的策略，它们发生的几率非常小。但是一旦发生，非常高的辐射剂量可以摧毁身体功能和在60天内导致死亡。核工业的放射性废物必须与人隔离很长时间，放射性的大部分包含在乏燃料，而且体积小，因此非常容易处理。在其它辐射问题上，如在核材料的开采和放射性物质的运输处理时也会产生辐射。但放射性物质从核电站释放的对人类健康的影响在某种程度上取决于它的处理方式。

关键词：辐射、风险、核反应堆事故、放射性废品。

Text 15

Genetically Modified Foods---Feed the World?

Abstract: In fact, genetically modified foods are already very much a part of our lives.Although there are clearly some very real issues that need to be resolved.However, in developing countries which desperate to feed fast-growing and underfed populations, the issue is simpler: do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks? There are nearly 800 million people around the world are undernourished.Biotech can also improve farming productivity in food shortages places.Many scientists believe biotech could raise overall crop productivity in developing countries as much as 25%.But in developing countries, poverty plays the largest role.Nor can biotech overcome the challenge of distributing food in developing countries.big companies are reluctant to share technology, people may not afford to buy the food too.More and more biotech research is being carried out in developing countries, and delivers biotech solutions for farmers in developing countries.Biotech is not a panacea, but it does promise to transform agriculture in many developing countries.If that promise is not fulfilled, the real losers will be their people.Key words :Biotech, agriculture, developing countries.转基因食品----养活全世界的人？

文章摘要：事实上，转基因食品已经成为我们生活重要的一部分。尽管还有一些非常现实的问题需要解决。但在迫切想要养活其迅速增长的人口的发展中国家，问题比较简单：生物技术的好处是否大于风险呢?世界上有近8亿人口营养不良，而生物技术可以帮助提高因作物减产而出现食物匮乏的地区的农业生产率。许多科学家认为，生物技术能够把发展中国家的农业总产量提高25％。然而在发展中国家，贫穷才是罪魁祸首。生物技术也无法克服在发展中国家分配粮食的难题，大公司不愿分享技术，人民也不一定买得起这些食物。发展中国家正在进行越来越多的生物技术研究，以帮助农民寻求生物技术方面的解决办法。生物技术虽不是万灵药，但它确实有希望改造许多发展中国家的农业。如果这种希望不能实现，真正的受害者将是这些国家的人民。

关键词：生物技术，农业，发展中国家。

第三篇：学术英语摘要评论

Main Process of Research on Parent-child Relationship 【Author】 CHEN Yan,CHEN Xin-yu

毕节学院学报 , Journal of Bijie University, 编辑部邮箱 2010年 05期

【Abstract】 Parent-Child Relationships is the first important connection of individual after birth.It in-fluenced the development of individual significantly.This paper discussed the main strides of Parent-Child Relationships research in the world from four topics which included: the period of parent-child conflict,the sexual interaction of parent-child,the influence of family structure,and psychical influence of parent-child relationship.It brings forward the local studies of parent-child relationship.Comment:Abstract is the summary of the paper.In this abstract,the author uses one sentence to introduce the significance of the parent-child relationship in the beginning.The second sentence is used to present the topic from four aspects.And the last sentence show the result of the research.The abstract is very short,however,I think,it did not include the process of the research,nor the background information.A STUDY ON JUNIOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS’ RELATIONSHIP QUALITIES WITH

THEIR PARENTS 【Author】 Shi Wei, Zhang Jinfu, Huang Xiting(Department of psychology, Southwest China Normal University, Chongqing 400715)心理与行为研究 , Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 编辑部邮箱 2004年 01期【Abstract】 A questionnaire was used in this study to investigate 580 students’ relationship quality with their parents.The results showed:(1)The relationship qualities general features were that the relationship’s closeness was in high level, control was higher than average level, self-disclosure, autonomy and conflict were lower than average level, mutuality was in average level.(2)The relationships qualities have many facet significant developmental features, the second grade or/and the third grade is a special period.In the second grade, student-parent relationship’s self-disclosure begin to decline significantly relative to first grade, but insignificantly relative to third grade;autonomy begin to heighten up to third grade.In the third grade, student-parent relationship’s mutuality begin to decline significantly, conflict begin to increase significantly.(3)Many qualities of student-parent relationship are not only influenced by the student gender but also the parent gender, even the interaction of the student gender with the parent gender。

Comment:The first sentence is just a simple one ,but it tells us many things.It presents the topic of the paper.What is more,it also tells us the reseach method:through a questionnaire.Although the author don’t write how to use the questionnaire,it’s enough.The rest sentences illustrat the research result specific in different ways.On The Environment Factors that Affect Mental Health of Adolescence 【Author】 CHEN Hui – ping

北京青年政治学院学报 , Journal of Beijing Youth Politics College, 编辑部邮箱 2006年 01期

【Abstract】 Mental development of children comes to its zero hour in the period of juvenile(12-14)and preadolescence(14-18).Mentality quality that forged in this period affects the career of a person and the cause of a country.In recent years the topic of mental health of children received more and more public attention.From the point of system, exterior environment that affect mental health of adolescence include family, society, school, education of psychology and the view of world.However, the view of world is the key in the dnvironmental system.It is necessary to analysis the environmental factors, to recognize the important of them, and to know the problem of them.By this way, we can solve the psychology problem of adolescence effectively.Comment:The background information is introduced in sentence 1,2 and 3.And the author tells us the paper’s topic in sentence 4.The fifth sentence presents the investigation result.And the next sentence illustrates how the author get the result.The last sentence presents the contribution of the paper.

第四篇：英语摘要

1.U.S.Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius has apologized to the American people for the problems preventing many from signing up for（报名参加）health insurance coverage, as President Barack Obama said Wednesday the health care law is still the “strongest protector” for health care consumers。

2.I’m accountable to（对…..[人]有责任）you for fixing these problems。

3.I really have no idea whether or not I'll be offered a better plan,whether or not the government will help me subsidize（资助 vt.）it。

4.With recent elements of（少许，一些）his health care program under attack（受到攻击；在攻击之下）, President Obama has defended its promise。

5.The president promised millions of uninsured Americans that they could purchase comprehensive（综合的；有理解力的）health insurance plans at affordable rates。

6.The international community（国际社会）has condemned its brutal tactics（残忍的策略）of using chemical weapons and bombing schools, bakeries, hospitals, and refugee camps（难民营；难民收容所）.7.up to now到目前为止

8.Simply put, the world must act quickly and decisively（果断地；决然地）to get life-saving assistance to the innocent（无辜的）civilians who are bearing the brunt of the civil war.9.He called for transparent（透明的，显然的）justice a day before the start of the trial against the former president.10.Kerry says it is no secret that Egypt is going through difficult times following July's military-backed（军方支持的）takeover, but he told officials here that President Obama is confident Egyptians will overcome those challenges.11.Kerry did not mention the former president by name（名字，名叫）but said it is important that civilians face civilian justice.12.The restaurant is hosting fundraising events(筹款活动)to help people left homeless by the storm.13.Pam Windle is the organization's regional vice president（副主席）.14.one person with conviction can make a change.

第五篇：2015年医药市场部学术工作计划(摘要)

2015年市场部学术工作计划

(摘要)现制定2015年的学术工作计划如下：

一、集中力量，重点突破

1、重点科室，重点突破

⑵根据历年来的市场情况，2015年选择XXX科作为重点突破科室。XXX科是涉及功能器官的科室，对人体的影响比较大，患病后愈合缓慢，患者快速愈合、恢复正常生活的愿望比较强烈。同时，XXX科用药的品种不是很多，竞争对手也相对较少，促进X X的应用是一个较好的机会。

⑶公司2015年对XXX科的科室会议予以重点的支持与奖励。①新开发XXX科的，一场科室会议直接奖励经销商XXXX元； ②已经开发的，一场10名医生以上的科会直接奖励经销商XXXX元。⑷针对XXX科的相关专业杂志，可加强一些合作，比如：投入专业广告，加强对医生的宣传。

⑹针对XXX科开发得力，并取得积极成果的区域经理（以医院流向单为准），公司给予适当的奖励，如：

①一个月内成功开发三甲医院XXX科5家的，奖励XXXX元；

②一个月内成功开发三乙医院XXX科5家的，奖励XXXX元；

③一个月内成功开发其他医院XXX科5家的，奖励XXXX元；

④XXX科开发标准：用药医生≥5人，用药量占医院总量≥10%。

2、重点区域，重点突破

⑵广东省作为公司的所在地，亦是全国药品销售的大省、一类市场，2015年首先选择广东省作为学术工作的重点市场，重点倾斜、集中力量把广东省进行精耕细作。同时，也需要销售部及大区经理的大力协助，保证每个一级经销商每月最少4场医院科室会，重点针对XXX科。

三、加强临床观察的研究

2、为了加强临床观察，应加强与医院临床医生的合作，特别是一些有影响力的医生，可以采取合作撰写论文等方式，就X X的安全性、临床应用方法、疗效三个主要的方面进行临床观察，并整理成论文在专业杂志上公开发表。

3、每个临床观察的病例数不少于30例，观察时间不少于3个月，必须是未公开发表的原创性论文，其方向涵盖X X的所有临床应用，可以包括：X X的不良反应、创面的不同使用方法比较、联合用药的方法及疗效、与其他同类生长因子的疗效比较、X X疗效的影响因素观察（清创、消毒剂等）、X X的用量与疗效关系的观察„„

4、对于公开发表的论文，除由公司负责版面费、加急费等相关费用外，还可按照期刊的级别分别予以奖励，如：

①国家级期刊论文奖励X万元；

②省级期刊论文奖励X万元；

③其他期刊论文奖励X万元„„

5、为了保证临床论文的地域分布广泛，在区域内有一定影响力的医生所撰写的论文有更好的宣传效果，销售部大区经理应积极向区域内的医生进行推荐，2015年的重点是XXX科医生，每个省份2015年至少有2篇论文发表或进入发表程序。

6、举行为期一年、针对XXX科的2015年“X X”全国有奖征文活动，论文除上述发表奖励外，还可再次进行评奖，评选一、二、三等奖进行奖励：

①一等奖1名，奖励笔记本电脑一台；

②二等奖3名，奖励数码相机一台；

③三等奖5名，奖励平板电脑一台;

④优秀奖若干，奖励精美礼品一份。

四、加强产品培训

1、加强科室会议

⑵2015年的医院科室会以XXX科为主，其他科室为辅。⑶大区经理不能坐等经销商提出进行科室会，而应主动对经销商提出科室会的要求，每个一级经销商每月最少3场医院科室会，并制定切实可行的月度计划。

⑷医院科室会由经销商与大区经理共同组织，市场部产品经理执行。

2、加强经销商培训

⑴尤其要加强经销商的一线临床业务员的产品知识培训，只有这样把一线业务员培训合格了，产品知识才能向医生作出正确的传达。

⑵大区经理必须直接跟踪经销商的一线临床业务员，反复传达产品知识。⑶由于经销商的一线临床业务员的流失率较高，大区经理必须随时掌握情况，对新业务员进行集中、单独的产品知识培训。

五、加强展会平台的宣传与展示 2、2015年已经报名的全国药品交易会有三场：

①2015年5月15日-17日，第73届全国药品交易会（上海）②2015年7月30日-8月1日，第50届全国新特药品交易会（成都）③2015年12月2日-4日，第74届全国药品交易会（厦门）

总之，2015年的学术工作将会继续围绕X X的安全性、X X的临床疗效、X X的临床使用方法三个医生最关注的问题来展开，以重点科室—XXX科为工作重心，以广东省作为精耕细作的重点市场，努力把X X的学术工作提升到一个新高度，为全年的X X销售大发展提供助力。