英语演讲与辩论

第一篇：英语演讲与辩论

Online games impact on youngstersRecent years, many youngsters including lots of college students are addicted to computer games.They ignore that their main task is studying.Some youngsters even play computer games day and night.They don’t have any other hobbies except computer games.Their GPA is so low that they are facing the danger of expelled from school.For the students themselves who play online games all the day, they feel it

excited when playing games.The world of the computer games is so beautiful and colorful that they even can’t distinguish what is the virtual world and what is the real world.Games seemed like everything of their life.They can give up studying, give up having a meal, give up sleeping, give up making friends with others, give up staying with family, but what they can't give up is playing games.However, their teachers and parents are worried about this.Teachers don't want to see the scene that their students are thinking about how to play games in the class.Usually, just a part of students come to class, the other are playing games instead of having classes.Parents told their children that they shall study hard at school when their children leave home.But what upsets the parents is that the children are just playing online games at school.Online game sometimes can alleviate fatigue, but youngsters can’t be

addicted to it which will damage their study and their health, even their future.So for a youngster, you must get the balance between online games and your study, your health, your family, your future!

第二篇：英语演讲与辩论 课程教学大纲

英语演讲与辩论》课程教学大纲

(2006年制订,2006年修订)

课程编号:100191

英文名:The Art of English Public Speaking and debating

课程类别:专业选修

学分:2学分

课时:32课时

主讲教师:韩静等

选定教材:Stephen E.Lucas(美),《演讲的艺术》(第八版),北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2004年 课程概述:

《英语演讲与辩论》课程是一门语言技能和专业知识相结合的课程,在一定程度上实现相关专业与外语专业之间的复合、交融和渗透,使学生从语言的单一性向知识的多元化、宽厚型方向转化.该课程有助于提高学生综合应用英语的能力,有助于学生综合素质的培养,是英语教学改革的新课型通过该课程的学习不仅能帮助学生进一步提高英语表达能力、英语口语交际能力,更有利于学生开拓思路、掌握沟通技巧;引导学生体会演讲魅力、提高演讲技巧、展示演讲才能,有利于他们早日掌握这门适用于各种领域的沟通艺术.这门课程的学习需要一定程度的语言技能以外的知识积累.通过这门课程的学习,学生能够系统地了解英语演讲的技巧,英语演讲稿的写作方法以及英语演讲技巧在现代交际中的作用.本课程采用理论传授与实际操练相结合;教师讲解和学生参与相结合;教师点评和学生试评相结合的教学方法.本课程授课内容主要包括两大块,均采用多媒体、互动式授课.第一部分包括英语演讲课程的理论教学,采用范例录像观摩和阐释理论知识点相结合的方法;第二部分包括学生操练并辅助以课堂讨论及对学生操练和作业进行评析(自评、互评和教师点评相结合)等方法.考查方法采用课堂参与和考试相结合.教学目的:

通过本课程的学习,使学生全面、系统地掌握英语演讲和辩论的理论知识与艺术特点以及在现实交际生活的作用及在一定程度上实现相关专业与外语专业之间的复合、交融和渗透,使学生从语言的单一性向知识的多元化、宽厚型方向转化,并且提高学生综合应用英语的能力和综合素质的培养.教学方法:

本课程授课内容主要包括两大块,均采用多媒体、互动式授课.第一部分包括英语演讲辩论课程的理论教学,采用示范录像观摩和阐释理论知识点相结合的方法;第二部分包括学生操练并辅助以课堂讨论及对学生操练和作业进行评析(自评、互评和教师点评相结合)等方法.考查采用课堂参与记录与考试相结合的方法,课堂参与记录占50%,考试占50%.1)教学原则

a.教师为主导,学生为主体,训练为主线;

b.运用激励策略,营造宽松型(free)、学生友好型(student-friendly)氛围;

c.语境教学法(context teaching);

d.过程教学法(process teaching).2)课堂组织形式

a.精讲多练,突出学生参与;

b.运用视听演示材料供学生观摩;

c.鼓励学生制作视觉辅助材料(visual aids);

d.运用摄像设备拍录学生演讲实景;

e.先讲后评,组织讨论;

f.运用评估表(evaluation sheet)分析学生演讲;

g.大班与小班授课应有区别.各章教学要求及教学要点

第一章 Speaking And Listening

教学要求:

本章教学要求学生比较全面了解演讲的基本理论和概念,演讲中的道德准则以及倾听在言语交流中的重要性.教学内容:

一、Speaking in Public

1.The Power of Public Speaking

2.The Tradition of Public Speaking

3.Similarities Between Public Speaking and Conversation

4.Differences Between Public Speaking and Conversation

5.Developing Confidence: Your Speech Class

6.Public Speaking and Critical Thinking

7.The Speech Communication Process

8.Public speaking in a Multicultural World

二、Ethics and Public Speaking

1.The Importance of Ethics

2.Guidelines for Ethical Speaking

3.Plagiarism

4.Guidelines for Ethical Listening

三、Listening

1.Listening Is Important

2.Listening and Critical Thinking

3.Four Causes of Poor Listening

4.How to Become a Better Listener

思考题:

1.In what way is public speaking likely to make a difference in your life?

2.How is public speaking different from everyday conversation?

3.How can you control your nervousness and make it work for you in your speeches?

4.What are the seven elements of the speech communication process? How do they interact to determine the success or failure of a speech?

第二章 Speech Preparation: Getting Started

教学要求:

本章教学要求学生了解在演讲的准备阶段如何选题和立意,如何分析听众的特点,如何收集资料和如何规范地使用所搜集到的论据来说明自己的想法.教学内容:

Selecting a Topic and Purpose

1.Choosing a Topic

2.Determining the General Purpose

3.Determining the Specific Purpose

4.Phrasing the Central Idea

二、Analyzing the Audience

1.Audience-Centeredness

2.Your Classmates as an Audience

3.The Psychology of Audiences

4.Demographic Audience Analysis

5.Situational Audience Analysis

6.Getting Information About the Audience

7.Adapting to the Audience

三、Gathering Materials

1.Using Your Own Knowledge and Experience

2.Doing Library Research

3.Searching the Internet

4.Interviewing

5.Tips for Doing Research

四、Supporting Your Ideas

1.Supporting Materials and Critical Thinking

2.Examples

3.Statistics

4.Testimony

5.Sample Speech with Commentary

思考题:

1.What is the difference between the specific purpose and the central idea of a speech? What are four guidelines for an effective central idea?

2.What methods can you use to adapt your speech to your audience before the speech? During the speech?

3.What five things should you do to take research notes efficiently?

4.What are five tips for using examples in your speeches?

第三章 Speech Preparation: Organizing and Outlining

教学要求:

本章教学要求学生系统掌握英语演讲稿的写作方法和写作规范.教学内容:

Organizing the Body of the Speech

1.Organization Is Important

2.Main Points

3.Supporting Materials

4.Connectives

二、Beginning and Ending the Speech

1.The Introduction

2.The Conclusion

三、Outlining the Speech

1.The Preparation Outline

2.The Speaking Outline

思考题:

1.What are the five basic patterns of organizing main points in a speech? Which are appropriate for

informative speeches? Which is used only in persuasive speeches? Which is used most often?

2.What are seven methods you can use in the introduction to get the attention and interest of your audience?

3.What are four ways to reinforce the central idea when concluding your speech?

4.What is a preparation outline? What are the eight guidelines discussed in the chapter for writing a preparation outline?

5.What is a speaking outline? What are four guidelines for your speaking outline?

第四章 Presenting The Speech

教学要求:

本章教学要求学生基本掌握演讲写作中的语言技巧,演讲的不同形式,以及直观教具的制作和用法.教学内容:

一、Using Language

1.Language Is Important

2.Meanings of Words

3.Using Language Accurately

4.Using Language Clearly

5.Using Language Vividly

6.A Note on Inclusive Language

二、Delivery

1.What is a Good Delivery?

2.Methods of Delivery

3.The Speaker's Voice

4.The Speaker's Body

5.Practicing Delivery

6.Answering Audience Questions

三、Using Visual Aids

1.Advantages of Visual Aids

2.Kinds of Visual Aids

3.Guidelines for Preparing Visual Aids

4.Guidelines for Presenting Visual Aids

思考题:

1.What are three things you should do to use language clearly in your speeches?

2.Why is it important for a public speaker to use inclusive language? What are five usages of inclusive language which have become so widely accepted that no speaker can afford to ignore them?

3.What are the eight aspects of voice usage you should concentrate on in your speeches?

4.What are the five steps you should follow when practicing your speech delivery?

5.What steps should you take when preparing for a question-and-answer session? What should you concentrate on when responding to questions during the session?

6.What are the major advantages of using visual aids in your speeches?

第五章 Varieties of Public Speaking

教学要求:

本章教学要求学生掌握演讲的几种主要的体裁,能够在不同的场合选择不同的方式进行有效演讲.教学内容:

教学内容:

Speaking to Inform

1.Types of Informative Speeches: Analysis and Organization

2.Guidelines for Informative Speaking

3.Sample Speech with Commentary

4.The Importance of Persuasion

5.Persuasive Speeches on Questions of Fact

6.Persuasive Speeches on Questions of Value

7.Persuasive Speeches on Questions of Policy

二、Methods of Persuasion

1.Building Credibility

2.Using Evidence

3.Reasoning

4.Appealing to emotions

三、Speaking on Special Occasions

1.Speeches of Introduction

2.Speeches of Presentation

3.Speeches of Acceptance

4.Commemorative Speeches

5.After-Dinner Speeches

四、Speaking in Small Groups

1.What Is a Small Group?

2.Leadership in Small Groups

3.responsibilities in a Small Group

4.The Reflective-Thinking Method

5.Presenting the Recommendations of the Groups

思考题:

1.Why must informative speakers be careful not to overestimate what the audience knows about the topic? What can you do to make sure your ideas don't pass over the heads of your listeners?

2.What are three methods you can use to avoid abstractions in your informative speech?

3.Explain the difference between passive agreement and immediate action as goals for persuasive speeches on questions of policy.4.What four methods of organization are used most often in persuasive speeches on questions of policy?

5.What are four tips for using evidence effectively in a persuasive speech?

6.What are the three major traits of a good acceptance speech?

7.What are the five major responsibilities of every participant in a small group?

参考书目:

1)Lucas, Stephen E.The Art of Public Speaking.8th Ed.New York: McGraw Hill, 2004.配有Instructor's Manual.2)Verderber, Rudolph F.The Challenge of Effective Speaking.10th Ed.Boston: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1997.3)Collins, Patrick.Say It with Power & Confidence.Paramus: Prentice Hall, 1998.4)Kay, Sue(英):《实用演讲技巧》,北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2004.5)亚历山大(Alexander, L.G.)(英),《英语辩论手册》,北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1999.6)纪玉华、陈向军、Andrew N.Brown,《英语演讲与辩论教程》,厦门:厦门大学出版社,2004.7)王守仁,何宁,《新编英语口语教程》,上海:上海外语教育出版社,1998.8)杨俊峰(编译),《实用演讲技能教程》,沈阳:辽宁教育出版社,2001.9)谢伯端,《实用演讲与口才教程》,武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1996.10)黄士基,《演说的技巧与艺术》,武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1991.执笔人: 韩静2006年5月

审定人: 黄能2006年5月

系负责人: 王克明 2006年7月

第三篇：英语演讲与辩论协会成立于2007年

采访对象：华中师范大学英语演讲与辩论协会

注：由于被采访者要求，本文中提及的所有人名均为化名

社团组织简介：

本社团成立于2007年，是一个年轻,富有朝气的协会, 是一个协会本着踏实肯干的良好作风,丰富了广大同学的业余生活,营造了良好的英语学习氛围,同时为爱好演讲和辩论的同学提供实践的平台,受到广大同学的欢迎。协会自成立以来受到外国语学院的支持，同时积极发展自身优势。

宗旨：

协会以提高会员的英语演讲与辩论能力以及提高会员的学习英语的热情为宗旨，通过讲座、培训、交流等方式使会员得到更加专业的演讲与辩论知识。同时邀请经验丰富的指导老师为会员进行讲解，使会员从中得以自我水平的提升。

主要部门：

会长：管理各个部门，组织大型活动，如招新，大型辩论等 副会长：协助会长，管理各个部门

各级助理：跟着各会长与部长工作以获取经验 提高自己 作为社团发展梯队建设的后备军

活动部：主要负责活动的策划与组织实施 宣传部：主要负责协会的各项宣传活动

网络部：配合宣传部工作，建设自己的网站，作网上的宣传，同时组织会员的网上生活

人力资源部：主要负责人力资源的管理，物资的购买与管理等

外联部：主要负责与其它组织机构、赞助商以及媒体的联系，同时是协会取得赞助经费的重要渠道

学术部：建立会员学习跟踪档案，专门负责整体协会的学术建设 辩论队：社团内最优秀的辩论人才，参加院校以及校外辩论比赛 教练队：外国语学院的教师对学生进行日常培训，领导辩论队参加比赛

主要活动：

基本日常活动：

1.每月两次辩论技能培训： 主要参加人员：全体成员 主要组织者：辩论队，教练队 时间：单周星期五晚上7点到9点

主要内容：辩论技能培训以及辩论基本方法指导 2.每天早上英语能力提高

主要参加人员：全体成员

主要组织者：当天负责同学（采取轮流值日），学术部

时间：周一到周五上午7点到7点30分

主要内容：朗读以及背诵任意英语资料 3.每两月一次社团内部英语辩论大赛

主要参加成员：全体成员

主要组织者：会长，副会长，活动部，外联部，网络部 主要内容：英语辩论 4.一学期社团招新

主要参加成员：会长，副会长，宣传部，人力资源部，网络部 主要组织者：宣传部，人力资源部 主要内容：招纳新成员 5.每周一次例会

主要参加成员：会长，副会长，各级助理，各部门（除教练队外）部长副部长 主要组织者：会长

主要内容：一周内社团主要活动评价，下周社团将开展的活动安排等 特殊活动归纳：

院级英语辩论大赛 校级英语辩论大赛 校外组织的英语辩论大赛 与武汉其他高校英语辩论友谊赛 国家级英语辩论大赛校内选拔

主要参加成员：会长，副会长，宣传部，网络部，活动部，外联部，辩论队，教练队。

社团领导人简介：

会长：

姓名：钱喻为 专业：翻译英语 年级：2010级

任职时间：2011年9月—至今

曾参与活动：2012 华中师范大学外国语学院2011级英语辩论大赛评委 2012“外研杯”全国英语辩论大赛宣传方 2012 与高校外院英语辩论大赛策划者

2011 华中师范大学外国语学院英语辩论大赛主办方 2010 华中师范大学外国语学院英语辩论大赛最佳辩手

会长采访稿：

问题1：你可以谈一下你社团目前的成果吗？人数规模之类的？

回答：我们社团是一个规模比较小的的社团，参加的成员也大多都是外国语学院英语系的同学，有少量同学是小语种的或是非语言类专业的。总人数大多是五十人左右。问题2：你是在人员管理上采取什么方式？比如招新,部门的设立，人员分派，基础活动安排？ 回答：这个社团并不是我建立的，说到底我只是一个传承人，那么你所说的这些都是在社团成立之初时，第一任会长已经建立好的，再加上后几任会长的不断补充完美化，其实整个体系到我这里已经是很完善了。那么你说的这些例行的活动只用按照已有的方法去完成实施就好。问题3：你每天或是每周会花多少时间在辨协上？

回答：你也知道我们每周是有一些固定活动的，那么除去这些大家都有义务参加的活动以外。我大概每天会花半个小时处理社团的事情。在有大型活动时，需要花费的时间就更长 问题4：这每天的半个小时一般会用处理什么事情？

回答：第一，是思考在原有的基础之上，我们社团还能改进什么，我们社团还有没有什么更远的既定目标，如我们社团的基本英语辩论水平要达到什么程度，我们社团要在比赛上举得什么名次，如何让更多的非英语专业的人了解英语辩论的不同形式，推广英语辩论。第二，是我能为我们社团的成员在已有活动的基础上安排一些更有新意，更能提高他们的学术成绩的活动或是比赛。第三，如何与其他高校的英语辩论协会保持良好的友谊关系，能尽可能多的在周末举行友谊辩论赛，以明了我们辩论协会在华中地区乃至全国的水平，从而更加明了我们进步的方法。第四，这一点就是与学校的安排有关。如何更好协助外国语学院举办各种英语辩论赛，校级，市级，国际级等等。问题5：你一般用什么时间来思考这些问题？

回答：你也可以看出这些问题基本上都是需要思考的，真正需要动手书写的很少，所以我平时没有固定的时间去做这些工作。基本上就是上学路上，去食堂的路上，这样零散的时间想一下，并不是整块的时间。看上去可能不用很多时间。但是我想这些时间加起来应该有半个小时。问题6：那么在具体执行活动的时候，你会采取什么措施？

回答：其实我基本上属于不管事的，因为我们社团的职务分配是十分到位的。那么基本上所有的活动都有固定的人在安排在协调。我也是十分信任他们的能力的。大家都是学生，也都不是职业管理人员，基本上不存在好坏之说。而且事实证明这样的管理也是可行的。那么我也会有时问一下负责人啊，部长之类看在执行过程中有什么困难是需要我去解决的。而且我们也有例会，在那时大家可以自由发言，有什么想法，有什么新活动，有什么反思的，大家都会一起去想办法。

问题7：近期有什么例子证明你的管理是合理的？ 回答：我们在上周天，就是四月一号的上午才和武大的英语辩论协会进行了一场友谊赛。那么这场比赛就是我们副会长自己联系的，她告诉我了想法我觉得好，就直接全权交给她再分配给有关部门执行。那么，效果也是很好的。我们两个学校对这个活动都很满意。问题8：你不担心大家的积极性无法被调动吗？

回答：首先因为英语辩论系会的都是英语系的同学居多，那么这是一个相对较小的圈子，如果一个人不负责，那么很可能大家都对他有意见，很快年级以及其他同学就会知道，那么对这个同学名声会有影响。大家基本上都不会去冒险。其次，大家加入社团都是为了提高英语水平，那么你长久的不参加练习，自然而然的英语口语能力就不能和其他同学相提并论，久而久之，你自己也就知道要去努力。最后，我们对我们的常规活动是由很严格的管理的，无故缺席一定次数的同学，那么我们就会相应的减少他进入辩论队的机会，减少他的参赛资格。问题9：你的放任管理不怕大家不服吗？

回答：其实多少会有点担心，但是我们的副会长，部长基本上都是我的同学，甚至有些是同班同学。像我们的副会长，就是我的同班同学。那么相当于大部分的管理层都是我的朋友熟人，在一定程度上他们是无条件支持我的正确决定的。而且有很多事情按照校社团的规定是必须经过社长签字批准的，所以从一定程度上来说，有些事情他们没有我也干不了。再者，我们有很多事情也不是我说了算的，是制度决定的，很多奖励，惩罚，选举都是长久以来一直延续的制度决定的，我也没有权利也不可能对其进行什么大幅度的不好的修改。

问题10：你是怎么和校方进行协商的这种活动安排的？

回答：因为我们本身就是属于学习类的社团，学校本身就是很支持我们的。我们还有教练队。那么这些老师也会协助我们和学校进行协商，基本上只要照着程序走就好。

社团主要成员简介

副会长：

姓名：唐善琦 专业：翻译英语 年级：2010级

任职时间：2011年9月—至今

曾参加活动：2012 华中师范大学外国语学院2011级英语辩论大赛评委 2012“外研杯”全国英语辩论大赛宣传方 2012 与高校外院英语辩论大赛策划者

2011 华中师范大学外国语学院英语辩论大赛主办方 2010 华中师范大学外国语学院英语辩论大赛参赛选手

活动部部长

姓名：李树奇 专业：翻译英语 年级：2010级

任职时间：2011年9月—至今

曾参加活动：2012“外研杯”全国英语辩论大赛宣传方 2012 与高校外院英语辩论大赛参与者

2011 华中师范大学外国语学院英语辩论大赛主办方 2010 华中师范大学外国语学院英语辩论大赛参赛选手

宣传部部长

姓名：陈志新 专业：翻译英语 年级：2011级

任职时间：2011年9月—至今

曾参加活动：2012“外研杯”全国英语辩论大赛宣传方 2012 与高校外院英语辩论大赛参与者

2011 华中师范大学外国语学院英语辩论大赛参赛选手

网络部部长

姓名：李伊 专业：日语国贸 年级：2011级

任职时间：2011年9月—至今

曾参加活动：2012“外研杯”全国英语辩论大赛宣传方 2012 与高校外院英语辩论大赛参与者

2011 华中师范大学外国语学院英语辩论大赛参赛选手

人力资源部部长

姓名：魏成 专业：法语系 年级：2011级

任职时间：2011年9月—至今

曾参加活动：2012“外研杯”全国英语辩论大赛宣传方 2012 与高校外院英语辩论大赛参与者

2011 华中师范大学外国语学院英语辩论大赛参赛选手

外联部部长

姓名：吴非 专业：翻译英语 年级：2010级

任职时间：2011年9月—至今

曾参加活动：2012“外研杯”全国英语辩论大赛宣传方 2012 与高校外院英语辩论大赛参与者

2011 华中师范大学外国语学院英语辩论大赛主办方 2010 华中师范大学外国语学院英语辩论大赛参赛选手

学术部部长（辩论队队长）

姓名：刘凡 专业：翻译英语 年级：2010级

任职时间：2011年9月—至今

曾参加活动：2012 华中师范大学外国语学院2011级英语辩论大赛评委

2012“外研杯”全国英语辩论大赛宣传方

2012 与高校外院英语辩论大赛“最佳辩手” 2011 华中师范大学外国语学院英语辩论大赛主办方 2010 华中师范大学外国语学院英语辩论大赛参赛选手

成员采访记录

(注：所问问题基本相同所以相似的答案一起归纳，所有采访均是分开进行保证了信息的基本准确性)问题1：你如何评级会长的工作？

回答：会长工作基本上十分认真负责，就是最近由于有些忙于自己出国交换生的事情有点没有以前那么尽心尽力，再加上换届马上来临，有很多工作都转交给大一去锻炼去了。问题2：你觉得会长在工作时具有什么样的个性？

回答：其实我们会长比我们绝大多数大二都要小，开会分配任务时也是轻声细语，笑容可掬的，十分没有架子。而且会长十分信任我们，把很多权力直接下放给了我们部长级别，而且他也很放心我们再把工作分配给成员。（不同观点在于：有的11级的部长觉得会长有时十分严格的，就是不太喜欢一遍遍讲同一个任务，但是他对于初次开始工作的人犯的错误还是很能接受的。）

问题3：你觉得会长这样的管理方式是有效的吗？

回答：基本有效。因为学习英语主要还是自己个人的事情。我们辩论协会只可能是起到一个辅助作用，主要还是靠自己。如果我们给成员太过多的负担，会让他们十分紧张，甚至是想放弃，反而起不到社团本身的目的。我觉得会长这种允许百花齐发，大家自主思考的管理方式是合乎我们社团的。

（副会长认为不应该限定辩论团队，不过她表示这只是辩论的小问题。）问题4：会长平时善于与你们沟通吗？

回答：当然没有特别的进行沟通，但是因为基本上都在一个班级或者是相邻的班级平时遇到时候还是会聊一下，但是没有什么大问题的时候，应该不会有事没事就形式化的聊聊天。

（11级的部长以及小语种的部长表示与会长见面机会较少，所以沟通机会不是很多，但是有大型事宜的时候会长会主动电话通知。）问题5：会长是经常表扬鼓励还是批评居多？

回答：不存在这个问题，大家都是同学。我们都叫会长“小不点”，所以有什么事情大家也是一起做一起想，如果一定要说还是表扬居多。

总结和评论

基本上来说这是小规模的学术性的高效的比较自由的社团。在校内在取得了一定的成就，在校外也获得了一定的认可度。

会长的管理方式基本上属于自由放权的管理，相对于人为的管理，更多是按照已有的规划计划行事。会长本身也很重视社团的长远发展，运用自己的一些课余时间也在思考这类的问题。

因为社团规模小，管理层之间十分熟络，学术比较强，会长这样的管理有一定的可实施性，但是不适用于大型的，人际关系复杂的社会性的社团。而且社团活动也有可能因为会长自己的事物有一定程度上的耽误。

会长由于本身年纪小于一般的部长，所以采访的管理方式也是十分和善的，这样也取得了一定的成功。但是倘若大家不是同学，很有可能不能服众。而且会长的主要关系建立在班级的基础之上，导致不是一个班级的部长们很容易被忽视，那么在那一部分工作的安排会有一定的缺陷，导致整体发展不均衡。

第四篇：英语演讲与辩论教学设计详案

【关键词】 新课程标准 / 演讲 / 辩论 / 教学设计

英语演讲与辩论是英语语言综合能力的体现。随着英语风行全球及国际间往来的频繁，人们用英语发表演说或进行辩论的机会越来越多：正式的学术报告，外国友人的宴会，各级各类的演讲与辩论比赛，等等。英语演讲与辩论是学生必须掌握的基本技能，理应在学校教育中受到重视。《普通高中英语课程标准》（实验）在语言技能目标（八级）中有这样的表述：“能经过准备就一般话题作3钟演讲。”九级的目标描述是：“能经过准备就一些专题作5-10分钟演讲，并回答有关提问。”而且，讲演与辩论作为语言应用类，也已被列为高中任意选修课之一。

英语演讲与辩论不仅是一个选修课模块，也可作为常规课堂教学的一种方法，用以训练学生的口语表达能力。把英语演讲与辩论作为一种教学方法应用于课堂教学，教学设计如下： 辩论主题：Is it right or wrong to use animals in experiments? 教学目标：

1、引导学生就“动物实验”话题做发挥性语言表述，强化语言知识。

2、指导学生明确英语辩论的特点、技巧，提高他们的思维应变能力。教学难点：

以“辩论”的操练形式强化学生的英语思维能力，在公众场合的听说能力及临场应变能力。Teaching procedures design:

Step 1 Warming up I.Provide the debate topic.II.Divide the students into two groups: the positive and the negative according to their own choices.III.Help students collect materials in groups.IV.Make the first draft of their debate, the design of their debate, the strategies, and standards for assessment, and so on.A、The first affirmative speaker must: define the topic;present the affirmative’s team line;begins arguments against the negative side.B、The first negative must: accept or reject the definition;present the negative team line;rebut some of the main points of the first affirmative speaker;presents strong negative arguments.C、The second affirmative must: reaffirm the affirmative’s team line;rebut all the remaining points of the negative’s case;present a summary of the affirmative’s case;round off the debate for the affirmative.D、The second negative must: reaffirm the negative’s team line;rebut all the remaining points of the affirmative’s case;present a summary of the negative’s case.Step 2 Carry out the debating Some of the arguments: I.Positive: It is right to use animals in experiments.Arguments:

1、Animal testing has helped to develop medicines against many diseases.Doctors can become more skilled from working on animals.2、Human life is more important than animal life.Millions of animals are killed for food every year.Using animals for medical science is much more important.3、Few animals feel any pain.They get painkillers and if the experiment does not work, they are killed before they feel pain.II.Negative: It is wrong to use animals in experiments.Arguments:

1、Millions of animals die in experiments that are not successful.Doctors can learn the same things from watching other doctors or videos.2、Animals have the same rights as human beings.Animals are still used to test cleaning products, skin creams and shampoos.There are already many such products;we don’t need more of them.3、Can we know they don’t feel pain? We have no right to kill them.Step 3 commenting Offering comments about the debate according to the standards we discussed.Step 4 Summarizing What have you learned in this lesson? Step 5 Homework

Write a short passage about the debate topic, presenting your own opinion and your arguments or reasons.设计反思：

演讲与辩论不同于一般的口语交际，有其特殊性，教师必须更加灵活地控制课堂，以便最大限度地发挥学生现有的语言交际能力，同时也为他们创造更多的学习机会，克服各种障碍，积极参与。教师也应努力营造一种宽容，友善的课堂气氛，使学生的演讲与辩论活动不受到正确或错误的评判。此外，教师还应积极引导，鼓励学生的主动参与，使每个学生在活动中都能得到锻炼。要以学生为主体，教师作活动的设计者、学生目标的引导者和学习群体的协调者。同时，教师也要提高自身的素质，不仅要有扎实的英语专业知识、熟练的专业技能、较强的课堂组织能力，还要有演讲与辩论的示范能力，掌握新课程理念，不断改进教学方法。

第五篇：英语演讲及辩论教学大纲与计划3

《英语演讲及辩论》课程大纲和要求

总学时：

学时，周学时2，共上16周。教材：

社会热点问题

参考教材：名人演讲---响彻世界的声音 任课教师：辛柯教授

教学目标：本课程是为英语专业高年级学生开设的，其目的是培养高年纪学生较强的英语讲演和辩论能力、较高层次的听力、写作能力、思辨能力和多层次分析问题的能力，并扩大知识面和词汇量。

教学要求：

1、学生通过听大量英语名人演讲磁带和阅读有关英语演讲材料，掌握演讲文体的篇章特点，韵律节奏等。

2、学生根据教师所给定的主题(主要是社会热点问题)，写出自己的讲稿（500~800词），在课后能熟练背诵，在班上演讲（5~7分钟），并回答教师与同学围绕该主题所提的问题。

3、要求学生就相关主题写讲稿之前，大量阅读国内外英文报纸或杂志、或听英文广播，或在互联网上搜寻资料；对有些观点不能人云亦云，要从各个层面分析问题，得出具有个人特点、令人信服的结论。

4、学生根据同一主题，分正反两方写出演讲稿，由正反方两方选出代表，进行辩论。由学生投票选出胜方。或者根据社会热点问题举行模拟记者招待会,有记者对主持人提问。

5、每学期每人要写8~10篇演讲稿。

6、要求学生课后反复听课文所配录音磁带，并背诵部分段落。

考试要求：期末根据本学期所给定的8-10个主题，教师对每一位学生指定或由学生选定主题准备一篇讲演稿或辩论稿。在演讲之前，抓阄决定每人的演讲或辩论次序，由教师和三名学生担当的评委打分。

成绩：

参与课堂活动的表现占总分的30%，完成作业情况占20%，上课考勤占10%，期末考试成绩占40%，其中笔试（根据所给主题写的讲演稿）占20%，面对面和老师/学生辩论或讨论占20%。

序言

语言表达能力是一个人总体能力中非常重要的一部分，是一个人逻辑思维能力、理性分析能力、组织能力、决策能力、感召能力、个人魅力的总体表现。而语言表达中的幽默、哲理又是一个人智慧的体现。

在公众面前发表演讲是衡量一个人语言运用能力的重要标志。能用英语和他人就一个主题进行辩论是外语学习较高层次的要求；写演讲稿也是写作的高层次要求，因为演讲稿是一种特殊的文体，从用词、修辞、句子结构到篇章结构都有严格的要求。从不同的方位和各个层次把问题分析得有条有理，给听众提供信服的证据和结论也是演讲家必备的能之一。高等教育不仅要培养工程师、教师、科学家、医生、各种管理人员，同时培养企业领导人、国家领导人以及雄辩的演讲家和辩论家也是高等教育的目标之一.要培养良好的语言表达能力需要大量的语言操练和科学思维的训练, 同时要加强背诵讲稿的能力。里根总统在当演员是就练成了非凡的记忆力。演讲时配合得当的手势、恰如其分的面部表情，以及清晰的发音，准确的句子和词的重音都是需要长期训练的。

Basic requirements for Public Speech and Debate Speeches are not magic.A speech is a combination of information and opinion

written on paper and spoken.If you can have a thoughtful conversation, you can write and give a thoughtful speech.This is just one more reason why spoken English is so important.The following are the basic requirements for a public speech.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.The speech should focus on one topic so that the audience can easily get the gist.The speech that covers too many thoughts, opinions or ideas could only confuse the audience.No speech should last more than 20 minutes.The more important the message, the less time required to say it.The more you speak, the more boring the audient find it is.In other words, the shorter your speech is, the more easily it can be remembered!The Gettysburg Address given by President Lincoln lasted only about 3 minutes.Complicated sentence patterns should be avoided.And parallel structure may very often produce amazing effect.Choose your words carefully.It’s important to remember that your words must be hearable and comprehensible the first time they are spoken.A clear pronunciation is necessary since a lot of words sound alike and the speaker has to give a distinct pronunciation of every word, but sometimes he has to speak very slowly, sometimes very quickly with exciting rhythm.With the help of gesture, the speaker sometimes has to invite the audience for participation, resulting in an exciting atmosphere.Humor is vital.Every speech needs it, and you need it, too, probably at the top.Ronald Reagan always wanted a joke at the beginning of a speech because he needed the quick victory of laughter.It helped him relax.It also helped the audience relax.While debating with others, the most important is to collect convincing facts or data to support your point of view and come to a convincing conclusion.Debating is an art that needs techniques as well as intensive training.The rational analysis of the question concerned and a quick response are based on the participant’s wide range of knowledge.Don’t forget to say thanks.Say your thanks in the manner or with the tone.Offer a compliment or a warm word whenever you can.英语演讲及辩论课程计划

Teaching Plan

This semester we are to have 8 topics for public speech and debate and 4 press conferences.And each topic covers 4 hours;for the first 2 hours, students are divided into small groups(each consisting 4)and discuss the questions given on the topic.After class, they have to collect information on the topic through internet or by reading English newspapers.Then they have to write a speech of 800 to 1000 words.For the second 2 hours, students have to deliver their speeches, with each speech lasting for about 10 to 15 minutes.Then the speaker has to answer the questions raised by their peers and try to defend his/her view.The four press conferences are held in class but preparation is to be done after class, based on the topics given by the instructor or selected by students themselves.Each press conference needs 3 speakers, one standing for an expert in a specific academic field, another for government official, the other for organizer of the press conference.Each speaker has to deliver a short speech concerning the topic given and be ready to answer the questions raised by their peers.The preparation covers the collection of information from internet, reading newspapers, listening to the radios or discussion among students.Week 1 to 2: Topics: Urbanization in China（A constant migrant army of farmers from rural areas into urban areas, advantages and disadvantages 从乡村大量流入大城市的农民工给社会发展都带来了那些好处和弊端？）Questions to be discussed: 1.What are the advantages of a constant flow of farmers from countryside into cities? What are the major contributions that the migrating farmers have made in your view? 2.What are the disadvantages caused by the migrating farmers? Which one do you think that has the biggest potential danger? 3.What can government at different levels do when so many farmers can not get their regular pay? 4.Why do so many city people look down them while they benefit a lot from these migrating farmers? 5.Why is it inevitable to stop this constant flow of farmers

during the process of our urbanization and modernization? 6.What are the main features of Chinese urbanization?

Week 3 to 4：Topics：Marriage and divorce(The rising divorce rates, the development of man’s civilization or the decline of man’s moral standard 中国目前持高不下的离婚率是人类文明的进步还是人们道德水准的下降？）

Question to be discussed:

1.What are the main factors that caused divorce in China now? Which one do you think is more important than others? 2.Why does our society become so tolerate to the third partner in the marriage in China now? 3.Why does cohabitation(同居)becomes so popular in China now? 4.Why do students from single parent family tend to have mental problems? What help can we offer? 5.Why does economic booming in China triggers rising divorce while in Western society economic depression results in divorce booming?（for reference）

6.Who are hurt most in the divorce? The parents of those who are involved? Or the wife? Or the children? Why?

7.Why do governments at different levels adapt many policies to protect children’ benefits when their parents divorce? Why do children whose parents are not illegally married share the same benefits as other children when 4

their parents parted?

Marriage is, of course based on love but that does not necessarily mean that when love has gone the marriage is over.Marriage needs nourishing.It needs mutual trust, loyalty, understanding, consideration, patience, devotion as well as sacrifice.Week 5 to 6: Topic: Smoking, an enjoyment or slow suicide(抽烟是一种享受还是一种慢性自杀？)Questions to be discussed: 1． Why does the number of smokers, especially teenagers, keep rising dramatically in China while it drops down sharply in developed countries? 2． Why does governments warn people of the danger of smoking while encourage farmers to grow more tobaccos and manufacturers to produce more cigarettes? 3． Why do so many medical doctors keep smoking even if they know many of their patients die of smoking related diseases? 4． Why do so many college students keep smoking even if they don’t

have any income? 5． If one of your family members smokes what hazards can it bring to the family? What can you do to help him/her quit smoking? 6． Why does governments at different levels ban smoking in public places? What effective measures can be taken to do it?

7． Why is difficult to detect smoking related diseases, such as lung cancers?

8． If your spouse is a heavy smoker, what can you do help him/her? And if all that fails, what can you do?

Week 7 To 8: Topics: Develop public transportation or private cars（在中国目前经济条件下，发展公交好还是发展私人小汽车好？）

1.What benefits can we get when we try to develop car industry? 2.What problems are caused by the development of car industry? 3.Why do many people insist that we should develop public transportation first? 4.Is it reasonable for many young couples to save money to buy private cars even if the price of gasoline keeps rising? Why? 5.What is the possibility of replacing gasoline by other forms of clean energy? 6.Why does government set very strict penalty for drunk driving? 7.What does the term “car culture mean”? What is difference between American and Chinese Car Culture?

Week 9 to 10: Economic development and environment protection(经济发展与环境保护是否相互矛盾？)Questions to be discussed? 1.Is it contradictory to develop our economy and improve our living standard while focusing on the protection of our environment? Why? 2.What facts cause the global warming? What bad effects can we predict? 3.What does the policy of sustainable economic development really mean? 4.What can we learn from the developed countries when they seriously polluted their environment during industrial revolution? 5.How can we establish a friendly relationship between man and its environment?

Week 11 to 12: Pet Animals, Benefits and Problems(宠物给社会带来的好处多余弊端，还是问题多余好处

1.Can you list the main reasons why so many people raise pet animals at home? Do you think that our society is so affluent that we can afford what pet animals need? 2.What benefits do pet animals bring in? What kinds of people are likely

to raise pet animals? What kind of pet animals do they raise? 3.What problems do pet animals cause? How do we handle these problems? What is the correct attitude towards pet animals and their owners in our society? 4.It is reasonable for college students to raise pet animals at dorm? If yes, why? If no, why? What does school discipline say about it? 5.Rabies(hydrophobia 狂犬病)is a deadly disease spread by pet animals, but why do so many people risk their life to keep pet animals? What diseases do man and animals share?

6．Why does pet animals’ dropping become one of the biggest concerns for every big city across the world? What are your suggestions for it? Week 13 to 14: Topic: Facing a shrinking job market, what can we（job

hunters）do？(大学毕业生如何面对紧缩的人才市场？)Questions to be discussed:

1.Why do so many people blame the development of hi-tech for shrinking job markets? Do you think that is reasonable? 2.Do you think there is a striking gap between what you learnt in the university and what the job markets demand? If yes, Why? If not, why? 3.What have you learnt from being interviewed on the job markets? 4.Why does sex discrimination on job markets still exist even if we claim men and women are born equal? 5.Do you think it is reasonable for women to stay at home taking care of children and husbands when we are facing a shrinking job market?

Week 15 to 16: Topic: One couple, one child policy(一对夫妇，一个孩子政策给社会发展带来的利和弊)

Questions to be discussed: 1.What advantages and disadvantages does the policy of “one couple, one child” bring to the development of our society? 2.Why did “one child” policy meet strong policy in the late 70s and early 80s, especially in the rural areas but now it is well accepted? 3.What potential dangers do we have if so many young couples don’t want to have any children? 4.Do you think that we will have a shortage of labor force in 10 or 20 years if we still carry out this policy? If yes，why? If not, why? 5.What difference do you find between the only child in the family and children who have brothers and sisters?

Week 17 to 18：Topics: The early coming of the aged society and the incomplete welfare system in China(中国的老年社会的提前到来和还未健全的福利体制)Questions to be discussed:

1.How do we define the aged society? What characteristics does an aged society have? 2.How do we define a complete welfare system in a society? What can the aged people benefit from the welfare system in China? 3.Who should be responsible for the care of aged people in an “empty nest” when their adult children have gone(abroad)where they can make a living?

4.Have you ever imagined what you can do when your parents and your spouse’s parents(4 aged people)are not able to take care of themselves? 5.Do you think it is reasonable for newly married young couple to follow the 5 basic steps in their life, firstly try to save money to buy a big apartment, secondly save money to buy a private car, thirdly save money for the only child’s education, fourthly save money to enjoy themselves, fifthly save money for a decent retired life? If yes, why? If no, why?

Week 19~20 Topic: Keep away from drug(远离毒品)1.Why does drug abuse become so popular nowadays even if it was eliminated in the early 50s? 2.What are the dangers of drug abuse to our society? 3.What joint efforts can be made by international community since drug smuggling is the biggest concern in the whole world? 4.What knowledge do you have about different forms of drugs? What bad effects can they cause to human beings both physically and mentally? 5.What can we do to keep away from drugs?

Simulated Press Conferences

Procedures: The organizer of the simulated press conference gives a brief introduction to the government official and the expert veterinarian and then to the main purpose of this press conference.The government official gives a brief account of the new development of bird flu in the country and the veterinarian offers some common knowledge on bird flu and what effective measures can be taken to stop it and how to prevent human beings from suffering it.Then audience from different news medium ask questions and the three speakers give responses.Reference: Topic for 2007 I.War in Iraq Questions to be raised: 1.Is it reasonable for US government to overthrow Sardam’s Regime by force? If yes, why? If no, why?

2.Is it possible for a superpower to conquer a small nation by force? If yes, why? If no, why? 3.Why does the US government insist staying in Iraq in spite of the heavy loss of human lives including both American and British young soldiers and Iraq civilians? 4.Do you think suicide-bombs are powerful weapons to fight against intruders? 5.What is the best solution of Iraq war?

II.Topics Coal Mine Disaster in China（煤矿瓦斯爆炸频发所造成的灾难）Questions to be raised: 1.What are the main reasons of gas explosion in China and so far how many miners were killed in China this year? 2.Why does the central government demand that the local government officials withdraw their investment from local mines? Why is it so hard for them to carry out this policy? 3.What effective measures can be taken to prevent gas explosion in private mines? 4.How do you compensate for the life loss for the victim’s relatives and what penalty can you give to the responsible people? 5.Why do so many small and private coal mines still keep working even if the central government has already ordered to close down them?

Reference: Topic for 2005

Bird Flu(禽流感在中国的最新发展)Questions to be raised: 1.By what channels does bird flu spread so quickly? What effective measures can we take if bird flu is found in a chicken farm? 2.What is the potential danger of bird flu to human beings?

3.Is it curable if man suffers from bird flu? What is the death percentage

of bird flu patients? 4.What evidences can you present to show that bird flu can not spread from men to men? 5.What is the development of new vaccine to protect human beings from bird flu? And so far how many people died of bird flu?

II.Earthquake in Jiujiang（九江的地震）

Questions to be raised: 1.What effective measures have you taken so far to help homeless people after the earthquake? What do the victims of the earthquake deed badly? 2.How can you ensure that the donations of money or materials from the charity organization be fairly distributed among the victims of earthquake? Can the money be used for other purposes? 3.How do governments at different levels help the local people reconstruct their homes? 4.Is it possible to move these people on the earthquake belts to other save place? If yes, why? If not, why?

5.What is the new development in China to predict earthquake?

III.Gas Explosion in Different Coal Mines in China（煤矿瓦斯爆炸频发所造成的灾难）

Questions to be raised: 6.What are the main reasons of gas explosion in China and so far how many miners were killed in China this year? 7.Why does the central government demand that the local government officials withdraw their investment from local mines? Why is it so hard for them to carry out this policy? 8.What effective measures can be taken to prevent gas explosion in private mines? 9.How do you compensate for the life loss for the victim’s relatives and what penalty can you give to the responsible people? 10.Why do so many small and private coal mines still keep working even if the central government has already ordered to close down them?

IV.Water Pollution in Songhuajiang（松花江的水污染）1． What reasons caused the chemical explosion in Jilin Petrol Chemical Plant(吉林石化厂)? What effective measures had been taken by the local authority after the explosion to prevent water pollution? 2． How can you compensate for the loss of production of private enterprises when water supply had been closed down for 4 days in the capital city in Heilongjoiang(黑龙江)? 3． Do the chemicals deposited in the river bed have a long term effect on

human beings’ health? If it has, what can we do? 4． What penalty can you give to the local government leaders who are responsible for the water pollution? 5． If Russia people complain for the water pollution, what can you do? Many people believe that “the one couple one child policy” has brought benefits to our economic development but other people insist that we should stop this policy since China has entered gray hair society and we will lack labor force in a few years.What is your understanding of this argument?

英语演讲和辩论课的考试要求和记分标准

考试要求：期末考试分为口试和笔试；口试根据本学期所给定的8-10个主题，教师对每一位学生指定或由学生选定主题准备一篇讲演稿或辩论稿。在脱稿演讲之后和教师就演讲的主题辩论，教师根据学生演讲的内容、熟练和流利程度打分，占期末总分的20%, 口试在课堂进行；笔试由教师另外所选的两个主题中任选一个在本学期规定的2 小时中写一篇500~800词的讲演稿，成绩占期末总分的20%。

成绩：

参与课堂活动的表现占总分的30%，完成作业情况(上交的讲演稿)占20%，上课考勤占10%；期末考试成绩占40%，其中，面对学生的讲演和辩论占20%，笔试（根据所给主题写的讲演稿）占20%

外国语言文学系任课教师：辛柯教授

Requirements：

1．4 written papers(computer printed)concerning the 4 topics covered 2.1 presentation on behalf the group discussion 3.1 formal speech without any materials in hand 4.Attendance

5.Final written paper of argumentation