第一篇：美国文化概况 练习题及答案。
I.Choose the answer that best suits the question.1.In the late 15th century, Christopher Columbus，a(n)___________navigator, led his men to sail across the vast ocean and reached some small islands in the now West Indies.A.FrenchB.Spanish
C.ItalianD.English
2.In 1787，delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate.The meeting came to be called the ____.A.First Continental CongressB.Second Continental Congress
C.Constitutional ConventionD.Independent Convention
3.In American history，the Pilgrim Fathers refer to those who came to Plymouth on board of ____.A.a French shipB.a British shipC.MayflowerD.an Italian ship
4.____ was not the main Reformation leaders.A.Martin LutherB.Martin Luther King
C.John CalvinD.The English King Henry VIII
5.____ was among the Founding Fathers of the American Republic.A.Abraham LincolnB.Franklin Roosevelt
C.Theodore RooseveltD.John Adams
6.The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except ____
A.challenging the authority of the Pope.B.salvation through faith.C.salvation through the church.D.establishing a direct contact with God.7.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ________.A.the Appalachian Mountains
B.the Rocky Mountains
C.the Green Mountains
D.the Blue Ridge Mountains
8.Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?
A.The American had the mixed blood of European or their descendants.B.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians.C.The American has the mixed blood of Europeans with blacks.D.The American had the blood of the English and their descendants.9.Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?
A.separation of state and church.B.respect of education.C.intolerant moralismD.a sense of mission.10.Lord Baltimore's feudal plan failed because __________
A.there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B.the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C.there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D.the English king did not like the plan.11.One of the oldest towns(landed in 1513)in the US is ___________.A.New YorkB.Boston
C.PhiladelphiaD.St.Augustine
12.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of ____.A.the settlers of Virginia
B.the people of Pennsylvania
C.the colonists in New England
D.the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution
13.The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from ___
A.George Washington.B.Thomas Jefferson.C.John Adams.D.John Locke.14.Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?
A.Catholics.B.Puritans.C.Quakers.D.Church of England.15.The birthplace of the country is in ____.A.New York City B.Philadelphia C.Washington D.C.D.Lexington
16.The clash at Concord and Lexington marked ____.A.the beginning of the War of Independence
B.the beginning of the second Continental Congress
C.a minor clash between the British and the colonists with no significance
D.none of the above
II.Fill in the blanks.1.The Declaration of Independence states that every man is equal and that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, among which are ______, ______ and the pursuit of happiness.2.The first English permanent settlement in North America was called ______ in ______(bigger place).3.American National Day is set on ______ so as to mark the adoption of Declaration of Independence.4.____________discovered the New World in 1492.5.In 1620, the first group of Puritans sailed to the New World by the ship _________ and named the new place where they settled down _________, the name of their starting place in England.6.__________ is the main author of Declaration of Independence?
7.There were _____ states when the United States of America was founded.II.Explain the following terms
Benjamin Franklin
Puritanism
III.Answer the following questions briefly.1.What were some of the causes of the American War of Independence?
2.What are the major ideas in the Declaration of Independence?
第二篇：概况模拟题(八)美国文化
英语考研英美概况模拟题
（八）美国文化部分
Culture
I.Multiple Choice
1.In America the academic year lasts nine months, from September to _____, with winter and spring vocations.A.JulyB.JuneC.August
2.In elementary schools, courses for children include the following except _____.A.reading, writing B.social coursesC.foreign languages
D.sciences, art and musicE.cooking or other manual skills
3.The American teachers’ pay and prestige are _____ in comparison with the general standard of living.A.highB.lowC.almost the same
4.There are over _____ universities, colleges and other institutions in the United States.A.2,000B.2,500C.3,000
5.Today more than _____ of all the private colleges have some kind of church connection.A.1/3B.1/2C.1/5
6.The library in _____ was the first private library in the US.A.Harvard College B.Yale CollegeC.College of New Jersey
7.The first public library was founded in 1731 in _____.A.BostonB.PhiladelphiaC.Chicago
8.At present America has more than _____ free public libraries.A.6,000B.5,000C.7,000
9.VOA Radio Station was established in _____.A.1924B.1934C.1894
10.All the newspapers and magazines in America are _____ owned.A.publiclyB.privatelyC.locally
11._____ is the winter sport in American schools and colleges.A.FootballB.BasketballC.Baseball
12.It was the _____ immigrants in the mid-19th century who introduced skiing into the United States.A.ScandinavianB.DutchC.French
13.101 American people won the Nobel Prize after _____.A.WWIB.Civil WarC.WWII
14.At the end of WWII the art centre of the world moved from _____ to the new world.A.ParisB.LondonC.Berlin
15.The famous story _____ helps Washington Irving earn great fame in the literary world.A.“Rip Van Winkle”B.“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”
C.“The Adventures of a German Student”
16._____ is regarded as the father of detective stories.A.Mark TwainB.Edgar Allan Poe C.Herman Melville
17._____ is the first writer in America to win the Nobel Prize in literature.A.Sinclair LewisB.Saul BellowC.Ernest Hemingway
18.Yale University was founded in _____.A.1701B.1746C.1749
19.The greatest American playwright is _____.A.Arthur MillerB.Eugene O’Neil C.Robert Frost
20._____ belonged to the Lost Generation.A.Ernest Hemingway B.Wilt WhitmanC.Tennessee Williams
21.The most popular sport in America is _____.A.baseballB.basketballC.football
22.After his death a bust of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was placed in the poet’s corner of _____.A.Westminster AbbeyB.camp of Cambridge University
C.Oxford University
23.For his work, _____ was honoured “The Harlem Laureate”.A.Robert FrostB.Langston Hughs C.Walt Whitman
24.Arthur Miller’s Masterpiece is _____.A.Death of a SalesmanB.The Crucibe
C.The Price
25._____ is the earliest university in America.A.HarvardB.YaleC.Rhode Island
26._____ serves as a bridge which connects secondary schools and universities.A.Four-year college B.Two-year college C.College of arts and science
27.Junior college in America is _____.A.two yearsB.three yearsC.four yearsD.five years
28._____ is closely associated with the Rockefeller Interest Group.A.New York Times B.Washington Post C.Los Angeles Times
29.The tuition in a private college is _____.A.highB.rather highC.quite lowD.tolerable
30.In America about _____ of the universities and colleges are private.A.1/2B.1/3C.1/4D.1/5
31.Hawthorne is a famous American writer in _____ fiction.A.romanticB.realisticC.JewishD.southern
32.The most influential newspapers are the following except _____.A.New York TimesB.Washington Post
C.Los Angeles TimesD.Wall Street Journal
33.Readers’ Digest is a _____ magazine which is published in 15 languages and 39 editions.A.weeklyB.monthlyC.biweeklyD.triweekly
34.The major wire services in America are the following except _____.A.the Associated PressB.the United Press International
C.the Columbia Broadcasting System
35.From 1901 to 1978, 117 Americans won the Nobel Prize, holding _____ of the world Nobel Prize winners.A.halfB.one-thirdC.one-fourth
36.Blues is a music of strong rhythm, which was originally sung by _____.A.NegroesB.IndiansC.Europeans
37.The Father of American literature was _____.A.Mark TwainB.Washington Irving C.Walt Whitman D.Jack London
II.Fill in the Blanks
1.American children usually begin their school at the age of _____.2.An elementary school teacher must have a _____ degree of arts with a major in education.3._____, one of the most famous universities in the world, was founded in 1686.4.About _____ percent of the high school graduates can be admitted by universities or colleges.5.There are four grades in universities.They are freshmen, _____, junior and senior.6.About _____ of all the colleges and universities are private.7.A department consists of faculty members raging from full professors to _____.8.The tuition in a _____ college is very high.9.The Library of _____ is the largest public library in the U.S.10.The Franklin D.Roosevelt Library is in _____ Park, New York.11.The academic degrees in America are the Bachelor’s, the _____ and the Doctor’s degrees.12.VOA Radio Station is in the city of _____.13.In 1965 the U.S.A launched the first communication space satellite “_____ _____”.14.The major wire services in America are the _____ Press and the United Press International.15.The popular magazine _____ _____ has the largest circulation in the world.16.VOA now sends news to the whole world in _____ languages day and night.17._____ is the most popular game in autumn.18.Wrestling, boxing, horseracing are called _____ sports.19.The Dutch introduced _____ into the New York areas in the 17th century.20.In the year _____ the first satellite was launched in America.21.From 1901 to 1978 there are 117 people in America won the _____ Prize for the research of natural science.22.The Metropolitan Museum and other two museums located in the city of _____ _____.23.Gilbert Stuart is considered America’s first great _____.24._____ is the earliest and the best film studio in America.25.Gone with the Wind was the best known of all _____ films.26.In 1915 the first major feature film Birth of a _____ was made.27.Before the 1960’s many _____ had not been given the right to receive education.28.The American children usually graduate from high school at the age of _____.29.A high school teacher usually has majored in the field of his special interest and in addition, he must have a _____ arts degree in education.30.The University of _____ has more than 128,000 students.31.The students who are working for a bachelor degree are called _____.32.Today about 5 million men and more than 3 million women attend colleges and universities, of which about _____ percent are coeducational.33.Two-year college were originally called “_____ colleges”, but now they are called “_____ colleges”.34.A four-year college is often called a “_____ _____ college” or a “college of _____ and _____”.35.One of the measurements for an undergraduate in academic progress is credit or “credit hours”, or “_____”.36.VOA has _____ broadcasting stations, sending news to the whole world in _____ languages
day and night.37.The first music in the American colonies was _____ music.38.Jazz music developed out of the music of the early American _____.39._____ _____ was considered the father of American literature.40.Hawthorne’s best novel is The _____ _____.41._____ _____ is the pen name of Samuel L.Clements.42.Whitman is remembered for his poems The _____ of _____.43.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is considered _____ _____’s masterpiece.44.Ernest Hemingway belonged to the _____ generation.45.The best novel written by Theodore Dreiser is “_____ _____ _____”.46.The novel Martin Eden was written by _____ _____.47._____ _____ became pessimistic and committed suicide at the age of 40.48.The two main successful novels written by Sinclair Lewis are “_____ _____” and “_____”.49.“_____ _____ _____ _____ _____” earned Ernest Hemingway a Nobel Prize in literature.III.Define the Following Terms
1.credit
2.The Library of Congress
3.spectator sports
4.Jazz music
5.VOA
IV.Answer the Following Questions
1.What do American schools lay emphasis on?
2.What are the characteristics of American literature during the 17th and 18th centuries?
英语考研英美概况模拟题
（八）美国文化部分答案：
Part III
I.BCBABABBCBAABAABAABAAABAABAABCADCCBAB
II.1.6bachelorHarvard60sophomore1/4instructorsprivateCongressHyde Master’sWashingtonEarly BirdAssociatedReaders’ Digest41Footballspectator bowling1958NobelNew YorkartistHollywoodromanticNationNegroes18masterCaliforniaundergraduate85Junior, Communityliberal arts, arts, sciencepoints16churchNegroesWashington IrvingScarlet LetterMark Twain Leaves, GrassMark TwainlostThe American TragedyJack LondonJack LondonMain Street, BabbitThe Old Man and the Sea
第三篇：英美概况 美国历史练习题
英美概况 美国历史练习题
I.Multiple Choices
1.The history of the U.S.is generally agreed to have begun in _____.A.1620 B.1607 C.1776
2.The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____.A.Maryland B.South Carolina C.Delaware D.Colorado
3._____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.A.John CabotB.MagellanC.BalboaD.Cartier
4.The colonial life can be described as the following except _____.A.simpleB.easyC.roughD.hard
5.The Stamp Act was passed in _____ and was repealed in _____.A.1765, 1766 B.1764, 1765 C.1763, 1764
6.The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.A.Philadelphia B.Boston C.New York
7.The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____.A.1776, 1784 B.1775, 1783 C.1706, 1714
8.Washington won the great victory on December 26, 1776 in _____.A.Gettysburg B.Pittsburgh C.Trenton
9.The battle of _____ marked the turning point of the War of Independence.A.New York B.Saratoga C.Bunker Hill
10.On October 19th, 1781, the British General Cornwallis and his 7,000 men surrendered at _____.A.Yorktown B.Boston C.Charleston
11.The Constitutional Convention was held in 1787 to_____.A.The Articles of the Confederation B.Bill of Rights
C.Civil Rights
12.The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791.A.the Bill of Rights B.the Articles C.Civil Rights
13.After the Federal Government was established, the city _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being.A.Washington B.New York C.Philadelphia
14.The“Common Sense” was written by _____.A.Thomas Edison B.Thomas Paine C.Thomas Jefferson
15.The Second President John Adams adopted a high-handedwhich was called _____.A.the “Intolerable Acts” B.Un-American Activities
C.the Sedition Act 16.The greatestmade by President Thomas Jefferson was his _____.A.abolishing the Sedition Act B.reducing taxes
C.purchasing Louisiana from France
17.The Second Anti-English War broke out in _____ and ended in _____.The U.S.won the war.A.1812, 1814 B.1813, 1815 C.1814, 1816
18.As the result of the U.S.-Mexican War, nearly _____ of the entire territory of Mexico was lost.A.1/4 B.1/2 C.1/3
19.In 1844 the U.S.forced the Chinese Government to sign the firsttreaty of _____.A.WangxiaB.Nanjing C.Tianjin
20.The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the _____ states in _____.A.50, 1781 B.13, 1781 C.13, 1787
21._____ was chosen as the capital for the time being in Washington's administration.A.New York B.Chicago C.Boston
22.It was _____ who advanced four plans which met bitter criticisms from many people.A.Alexander Hamilton B.Thomas Jefferson
C.George Washington
23._____ was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington.A.John Adams B.Thomas Jefferson C.James Madison
24.The War with England between 1812 and 1814 happened during the administration of President _____.A.James Madison B.James Monroe C.John Adams
25.The _____ stopped the Holy Alliance's program, and prevented the European countries from extending their influence.A.Monroe Doctrine B.Sedition Act C.Holy Alliance
26._____ was the first president who developed the power of veto into one of the means of making laws.A.John Adams B.Andrew Jackson C.Andrew Johnson
27._____ made slavery possible in the new territories such as in Kentucky and Nebraska.A.Douglas Bill B.Monroe Doctrine C.Sedition Act
28.During the Civil War Lincoln issued the _____, which declared theof slavery.A.Homestead Bill B.Emancipation Proclamation
C.Both A and B
29.The Battle of _____ was the turning point of the American Civil War.A.Bull Run B.Gettysburg C.Richmond
30.The first imperialist war took place between the U.S.and _____ in 1898.A.Britain B.France C.Spain
31.The first American President from the Republic Party is _____.A.Abraham Lincoln B.Andrew Johnson
C.Thomas Jefferson D.George Washington
32.In 1918 President _____ issued the “Fourteen Points”.A.Woodrow Wilson B.William H.Taft
C.Theodore Roosevelt D.Warren G.Harding
33.Haymarket Massacre took place in _____ in May 1886.A.New York B.Chicago C.Washington
34.In 1894, the American industrial production held the _____ place in the world.A.first B.second C.third
35.McCarthy wasfor his harsh _____of thepeople.A.religious B.spiritual C.political
36.The Ku Klux Klan was the mostterrorist society which persecuted the _____.A.blacks B.Indians C.people
37.On August 14, 1914, the U.S.and Britain issued a joint communiqué called _____.A.the Teheran Declaration B.the Atlantic Charter
C.the Washington Proclamation
38.In Sino-American relations Theodore Roosevelt exercised the“_____”, invading China by means of both force and culture.A.Open Door Policy B.Big Stick C.Douglas Bill
39.The First World War broke out on July 28th, _____ and ended on November 11th, _____,for about four years.A.1913, 1917 B.1914, 1918 C.1915, 1919
40.The two military alliances during WWI were the _____ and the _____.A.Axis, Allies B.Holy Alliance, Axis
C.Central Powers, Allies
41.Theof a(n)_____ prince, Arch Duke Ferdinand, served as the direct fuse for theof WWI.A.Australia B.Belgium C.Austria
42.Altogether _____ countries became involved in or were dragged into WWI.A.33 B.38 C.39
43.The frequent emergence of the economicin the U.S.A.led to the followingeffects except _____.A.inflation B.the rise of prices C.the decrease of population
D.the decrease of the purchasing capacity
44.In April 1945 a conference was held at _____ to organize the United Nations.A.San Francisco B.New York C.Philadelphia
45._____ countries attended the conference of the foundling of the UN.A.48 B.47 C.45
46.At the _____ Conference, the heads of the Soviet Union, the U.S.and Britain discussed the problem of opening the secondin Europe.A.Yalta B.Teheran C.Casablanca
47.In July 1945, Britain, the U.S.and the Soviet Union met at Potsdam toan occupationand set up a program for the future of Germany.The meeting was the famous _____ Conference.A.Cairo B.Teheran C.Potsdam D.Quebec
48.The two fighting sides in WWII were _____.A.the Allies and the Axis(powers)B.the Axis and Holy Alliance
C.the Central Powers and the Allies
49.The _____ was the treaty signed at Versailles, near Paris in France in 1919.A.Paris Treaty B.Versailles Treaty C.Teheran Treaty
50.The meeting was held at Yalta in the Crimea of the Soviet Union in Feb, 1945.At the meeting many matters were discussed, including the final defeat of Germany, the demilitarization of Germany, the founding of the U.N.etc., this was the famous _____ Conference.A.Yalta B.Teheran C.Potsdam
51.The Communist Party of the US was founded in _____.A.1920 B.1918 C.1919
52.The U.S.Communist Party was re-established in 1945 with _____ as its general secretary.A.Levestone B.William Foster C.Earl Browder
53.The Great Depression of _____ to shook the US and the whole capitalist world to its foundations.A.1929, 1933 B.1933, 1937 C.1924, 1929
54.The programmer of 1947 that America would offer its money supplies and machinery to any European nation that wished toin was called _____.A.Eisenhower Doctrine B.Marshall Plan C.Truman Doctrine
55.The _____ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.A.Vietnam War B.Cold War C.Korean War
56.In April 1949 twelve nations established the NATO tothe military actions of member nations against the _____.A.Germany B.Japan C.Soviet Union
57.The Second World War broke out in September, _____ and ended in August _____.A.1939, 1945 B.1937, 1943 C.1938, 1945
58.After WWII there emerged a new balance of power between _____ and _____.A.the Allies, the Axis Powers B.the USSR, the USA
C.the old capitalist countries, the new ones
59.There occurred _____ economic crises from the end of WWII to the middle of the 1970's.A.six B.five C.seven
60.The President Franklin D.Roosevelt proposed acalled _____ to save the economic situation.A.Good Neighbor B.the Open Door Policy
C.the New Deal
61.The Battle of _____ took place in 1942 and it was the turning point of the Pacific area.A.Midway Island B.Britain C.Normandy
62.In Feb._____ came President Nixon'svisit to China.A.1979 B.1972 C.1973
63.In 1953, _____ ended in the failure of the U.S.A.the Korean War B.the Vietnam War C.the US-Spanish War
64.On December 7th, 1941, the base of the American Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbor, was suddenly attacked by the _____ air force and navy.A.Spanish B.French C.Japanese
65.The original Union consists of _____ at the time of its independence.A.13 B.50 C.48
66.The first thirteen states of the US mainly located _____ seaboard.A.the eastern B.the western C.the northern
67._____ appointed many of the colonial governors.A.The English King B.the local government
C.the local people
68.The Declaration of Independence was drafted by a committee including _____ as head.A.George Washington B.Thomas Jefferson
C.both A and B
69._____ was the British king when colonial Americans declared their independence.A.King George I B.King George III C.King George II
70.In 1945 a conference was held in _____ to found the United Nations.A.San Francisco B.Chicago C.New York
71.President Nixon visited China in _____.A.1973 B.1974 C.1972
72._____ was the only American president who was re-elected three times in succession.A.Theodore RooseveltB.George Washington
C.Franklin D.RooseveltD.Thomas Jefferson
73.The city's name “Philadelphia” means _____.A.love B.pit C.philosophy
答案： 1-5 BDBBA 6-10ABCBA 11-15AABBC 16-20CABAB 21-25AABAA 26-30BABBC 30-35AABAC 36-40ABABC 41-45CBCAA 46-50BCABA 51-55CBABC 56-60CABAC 61-65 ABACA 66-70AABBA 71-73CCA
第四篇：概况试题-美国
1、Puritanism
Puritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify the Church of England.They believe that human beings were predestined by God before they were born.Some were God's chosen people while others were damned to hell.No church nor good works could save people.The sign of being God's elect was the success in his work or the prosperity in his calling.They also argued that everyone must read the Bible in order to find God's will and establish a direct contact with God.These beliefs had great impact on American culture.2.the American Revolution
Between 1689 and 1815, france and Britain fought Seven Years’ war, and North American was drawn into everyone of them.Britain’s victory led directly to a conflict with its American colonies.The British government argued that Britain had spent large sums of money to defend their American colonies in those wars, and that the colonists therefore should pay a part of those expenses.So the british government began to charge new taxes.But the colonists refused to obey the british laws and cry” no taxation without representation”.On April 19,1775,the first shot was fired when 700 British soldiers went to capture a colonial arms depot in a small town of Concord near Boston.The American War of Independence began.And the war came to an end in 1781 with the victory of north american.The Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783 and Britian had to recognize the independence of the United States.A new nation was thus born.3.the Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence was mainly drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted by the Congress on July 4,1776,when the people of 13 English colonials in North America were fighting for their freedom and independence from the British colonial rule.The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to have some unalienable rights such as life,liberty and the pursuit of happiness.It also explained the philosophy of government:the powers of governments came from the consent of the governed and the purpose of governments were to secure the rights mentioned above.The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from John Locke.4.American Constitution
The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law of the United States of America.The Constitution is the framework for the organization of the United States government and for the relationship of the federal government with the states, citizens, and all people within the United States.The Constitution creates the three branches of the national government: a legislature, the bicameral Congress;an executive branch led by the President;and a judicial branch headed by the Supreme Court.The Constitution specifies the powers and duties of each branch.The Constitution reserves all unenumerated powers to the respective states and the people, thereby establishing the federal system of government.5.checks and balances
When Americans talk about their three-part national government, they often refer to what they call its system of “checks and balances”.This system works in many ways to keep serious mistakes from being made by legislative branch or executive branch or judicial branch.6.Federalism
Federalism in the United States is the evolving relationship between state governments and the federal government of the United States.American government has evolved from a system of dual federalism to one of associative federalism.In “Federalist No.46,” James Madison asserted that the states and national government “are in fact but different agents and trustees of the people, constituted with different powers.” Alexander Hamilton, writing in “Federalist No.28,” suggested that both levels of government would exercise authority to the citizens' benefit: “If their [the peoples'] rights are invaded by either, they can make use of the other as the instrument of redress.”
7.the Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791.The Bill of Rights was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech,the right to assemble in public places,the right to own weapons and so on.8.Political parties in the US
Political parties are organized groups of people who share a set of ideas about how the US should be governed and who work together to have members of their group elected in order to influence the governing of the country.today ,the US has two major political parties.one in the Democratic Party,which evolved out of Thomas Jefferson's party,formed before 1800.the symbol of the party is the donkey.the other is the Republican Party,which was formed in the 1850s,and its symbol is the elephant.9、the roots of affluence in America
No single factor is responsible for the success of American business and industry.Bountiful resources,the geographical size of the country and population trends have all contributed to these success.Religious,social and political traditions;the institutional structures of government and business;and the courage,hard work and determination of countless entrepreners and workers have also played a part.10.American industrial revolution
After independence, America was principally an agricultural country.The industrial revolution in England brought many changes to American industry between 1776 and 1860.One key development was the introduction of the factory system.A second development was the “American system” of mass production.A third development was the application of new technologies to industrial task.A fourth development was the emergence of new forms of business organization—the bank and the corporation.11.Civil Rights Movement
The civil rights movement was a worldwide political movement for equality before the law occurring between approximately 1950 and 1980.In many situations it took the form of campaigns of civil resistance aimed at achieving change by nonviolent forms of resistance.In some situations it was accompanied, or followed, by civil unrest and armed rebellion.The process was long and tenuous in many countries, and many of these movements did not fully achieve their goals although, the efforts of these movements did lead to improvements in the legal rights of previously oppressed groups of people.12.Martin luther King
Martin Luther King, Jr.(January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968)was an American clergyman, activist, and prominent leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement.He is best known for being an iconic figure in the advancement of civil rights in the United States and around the world, using nonviolent methods following the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi.King is often presented as a heroic leader in the history of modern American liberalism.A Baptist minister, King became a civil rights activist early in his career.He led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957, serving as its first president.King's efforts led to the 1963 March on Washington, where King delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech.There, he expanded American values to include the vision of a color blind society, and established his reputation as one of the greatest orators in American history.13.Counterculture
In the wake of the Free Speech Movement and the New Left,there appeared a phenomenon that historians called the “counterculture.”the counterculture rejected capitalism and other American principles.they had morals different from those taught by their parents.some groups of youth tried to construct different ways of life.among the most famous were the hippies.they sought new experience through dropping out,and drug taking.but it was music,rock music in particular,that became the chief vehicle for the counter cultural assault on the traditional American society.the counterculture exerted a great influence upon people's attitudes toward social morals,marriage,career and success.14、Hippies
The hippies called themselves “the love generation.” Hippiness became their only goal in life.Their music was different from any other music, and the words they sang sounded rebellious to older people.Small groups of youth lived together in cities like San Francisco,turning their lives into one big party.They wore long hair,strange and colorful clothes and many of them used drugs.They went in huge numbers to rock music concerts, and tyey made very interesting news on TV.15.Multiculturalism in Canada
Multiculturalism in Canada was adopted as the official policy of the Canadian government during the prime ministership of Pierre Elliot Trudeau in the 1970s and 1980s.The Canadian government has often been described as the instigator of multicultural ideology because of its public emphasis on the social importance of immigration.Multiculturalism is reflected in the law through the Canadian Multiculturalism Act and section 27 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
第五篇：美国概况习题
美国概况
Part One Geography
Chapter IIPopulation
Exercises
New York is the largest state in the US.(T/F)
Why is the U.S.A.called “Melting Pot”?
Answers
F(Alaska)
Because the U.S.A.is country where there are many different races, and these races mixed and assimilated after they
immigrated into this country “Melting Pot” just signifies this mixture and assimilation.Chapter VReligion in the U.S.A.Exercises
The popular American belief is___
A.part-time working
B.self-made man
C.manual labor
D.being extravagant
The largest religious group in America is___
A.Roman CatholicsB.Protestants
C.OrthodistsD.Presbyterians
the American spirit of “do-it-yourself”:
Answers
BB
the American spirit of “do-it-yourself”:
People are proud of doing everything by themselves.Most of the American families seldom hire people to do housework though they are rich.They try to do what they can do, such as housework, gardening and they enjoy doing them.Part twoHistory
Chapter IColonization of North America
Exercises
The history of the U.S.is generally agreed to have begun in the year of ____
A.1620B.1607C.1776D.1492
The turning point of the War of Independence was the Battle of ___in 1777.A.YorktownB.Saratoga
C.Bunker HillD.Lexington
Lexington Fire was the ___of American War of Independence
A.turning pointB.endingC.causeD.prelude
Answers
BBD
Chapter IVThe American Civil War(1861-1865)
Exercises
Abraham Lincoln
In 1860 Abraham Lincoln was elected president, an anti-slavery president.He played a very important measures.One
was the Homestead Bill, the other was Emancipation Proclamation in every field.In 1864, he was reelected president.He was assassinated in April 13,1865.He saved the Union and most Americans considered him a great national hero.Homework
Why was there the New Deal program? What was it? And how did it aid the recovery of the American economy? What important measures did Abraham Lincoln take during the Civil War? How do you evaluate them?
Chapter VThe U.S.Imperialism and the First World War
Exercises
The first imperialist war took place between theU.S.and ___in 1898.A.BritainB.FranceC.SpainD.Mexico
The “Big Stick” Policy was advanced by President___.A.Theodore RooseveltB.Franklin Roosevelt
C.William MckinleyD.Thomas Woodrow Wilson
President Franklin D.Roosevelt proposed a well-knownpolicy called___ to save the economic situation.A.the Open Door PolicyB.the New Deal
C.Good Neighbor PolicyD.the “Big Stick”
AnswersCAB
PartTheresociallife
Chapter IIICustoms and Traditions
Exercises
Easter:
Easter falls on the first Sunday after the full moon, in March or in April.It commemorates the Resurrection of Jesus.The custom of dying eggs is very popular among children.The main meat on Easter Sunday are lamb and ham. Thanksgiving Day:
It falls on the fourth Thursday of November.It is a holiday on which God is thanked for the crops which have been safely gathered. Abraham Lincoln
In 1860 Abraham Lincoln was elected president, an anti-slavery president.He played a very important
measures.One was the Homestead Bill, the other was Emancipation Proclamation in every field.In 1864, he was reelected president.He was assassinated in April 13,1865.He saved the Union and most Americans considered him a great national hero.
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