从影视观察美国社会与文化[精选多篇]

第一篇：从影视观察美国社会与文化

从影视观察美国社会与文化

《与狼共舞》影片评析

影片《与狼共舞》是凯文·斯科特纳的导演处女作。该片长达3个小时，耗资1800万美元，是部动用了3500头野牛、300匹马、130多名技术人员和400名临时演员的大型史诗式西部片。它也是美国电影史上第一部配有印第安语字幕的影片。凯文·斯科特纳大胆地采用了十几年来不被看好的西部片样式，从一个全新的角度去考察文化、历史、种族与和平的复杂主题。他复兴了一个片种，同时也使自己获得了辉煌的成功。

影片情节围绕主人公邓巴的生活展开。南北战争中的英雄邓巴中尉为了寻找一种新的生活方式，骑着马西斯科来到了神奇的西部。海斯要塞的范布鲁少校把邓巴派到了最偏僻的哨所塞克威克。大草原的壮美深深吸引了邓巴，他决定独自在无人的哨所住下。但由于范布鲁少校的自杀和车夫被印地安帕尼族杀死，邓巴变得与世隔绝了。

邓巴独自过着平静而单调的生活。这无这边无垠的苍天原野仿佛就是他的天堂。邓巴还和一只两条前腿都是白色的野狼交上了朋友，并给它取名为“两只白袜”。然而平静的生活并没有持续多久，邓巴和印第安苏族人有了接触。苏族人为邓巴的到来而议论纷纷，在对如何对邓巴上起了争执。邓巴决定主动去找苏族人。在途中他救起了一位想要自杀的苏族妇女“站立舞拳”，她是一个自小失去亲人并被苏族人收养的白人。在把“站立舞拳”交还给苏族人之后，邓巴骑马离去。

邓巴的来访极大地震动了苏族人。印第安人头领们一致同意去回访邓巴。第二天，几个印第安人来到邓巴的驻地。就这样，双方开始了缓慢而友好的接触。渐渐地邓巴成了苏族人的朋友，他还有了一个印第安名字，叫做“与狼共舞”。在捕猎野牛时，邓巴的骑术和枪法令苏族人大为折服。他还救了一位印第安男孩。从此以后，邓巴搬入苏族人的营地居住，开始成为他们中的一员。与此同时，邓巴与“站立舞拳”之间也产生了真挚的感情。

在凶残的帕尼族人来袭时，邓巴倾其全力，将哨所里的枪支弹药分给了苏族人，帮助他们战胜了仇敌邓巴再次成为苏族人的英雄。所有苏族人都敬慕邓巴，他们祝福邓巴与“站立舞拳”的相爱和结合。邓巴深切地认识到了印第安人的朴实、善良和友好，他自由而快乐地生活在苏族人中间。除了肤色和长相不同之外，邓巴已经是一个完完全全的印第安人了。然而，就在邓巴想要去哨所取回日记本，永远地住到印第安人中间时，他发现那里已经驻扎了一队白人士兵。士兵们看到印第安人装束的邓巴就开枪射击。爱马西斯科死了，邓巴也成了囚犯。

邓巴为印第安人的辩护招来了白人士兵一再的虐待和毒打。他们认定邓巴是叛徒。于是邓巴再也不说英语，而毅然说起了印第安语。驻军少校无计可施，只好派一队士兵押送邓巴回海斯要塞。苏族人发现了这一情况，在途中截到了邓巴，并消灭了押送队。严冬来临，苏族人在深谷中住了下来。为了不连累苏族朋友，邓巴谢绝了挽留，带着妻子“站立舞拳”离开了苏族人村落。

十八年后，苏族人被迫与政府签订了协议，放弃他们世代相传的土地。

影片虽然采用了传说的叙事式的故事结构，但与众不同的是影片巧妙地将写实主义风格与浪漫主义色彩情调融为了一体，使整部影片有了大放异彩的艺术魅力。影片拍摄过程中，为了还原当时情景以反映真实的时代背景，不仅耗费大量人力物力，还首次配有印第安语字幕。凯文·斯拉特纳认为：“我所要表现的是印第安人在那个时代的遭遇，是一部土著人的历史。”影片中穿插的邓巴与“站立舞拳”的爱情、印第安人之间的亲情和邓巴与印第安人之间的友爱都带有美好的情感色彩，与空旷、原始的自然美景共同带给观众一种现实的浪漫主义感受。

影片在拍摄技术上也有着极可称道的精彩之笔。把浑厚浓郁的历史文化气氛与雄浑壮美的西部大草原的风光完美地结合在一起，采用丰富的摄影角度，巧妙的动态节奏和复杂而又

出色的场面调度，使影片达到了极其出色的视觉效果。慢镜头的应用往往代表激动人心时刻的到来，很具有引人入胜的效果。

但是影片真正的成功原因还应归结到其深刻的主题内涵。随着二战的结束，人道主义在文学艺术上被提到了相当的地位。《与狼共舞》反映的就是这种极难把握和表现的西部拓进的历史和思考，同时控诉了白人文化对印第安人文化的灭绝。印第安人的悲惨遭遇越来越受到人们普遍关注。与狼共舞就标题来说有多层意义：一是主角与狼那既陌生又熟悉的相处，那是一种纯动物的群居本性，可以为彼此消除恐惧及寂寞;二是印第安人部落可以冠以“狼”的称呼，那是原始的代名词，主角愿意去融入原始的、真挚的、无欺诈的、无侵略的团体合作生活。不得不说经历过发展与掠夺的人才是最恐怖、最凶猛的动物。本片一反以往影片特别是西部片中将第安人一律写成野蛮民族的作法，肯定了印第安人的纯朴真挚和善良，还提出了民族间应放弃斗争，和平共处的理想，并以邓巴与苏族人和善相处体现了这种理想的自由与美好，奏起了友爱、平等、和平的旋律。影片所表现出的多元化显现，为西部片注入了新鲜而强劲的活力。这些艺术上的成功之处最终使影片在奥斯卡奖的角逐中取得辉煌的胜利。

《与狼共舞》以其独特的视角和内涵成为世界电影史上的一部永垂不朽的西部传奇，在第63届奥斯卡评奖活动中一鸣惊人，荣获12项奖项提名，并最终夺取了7项大奖，令世界为之瞩目。

第二篇：美国社会与文化

美国社会与文化同性婚姻

美国人的婚姻观与中国人的婚姻观有着极大的不同。因为他们认为：婚姻纯属个人私事，任何人不能干涉；同时婚姻不属于道德问题。一个人有权选择和他或她最喜欢的人生活在一起。在他们看来：强迫两个不相爱的人生活在一起是残忍的。同样这种观念也适用于同性恋者们。没有人能干涉同性恋者们婚姻的意愿。为此，我就说说美国的同性婚姻。

美国同性婚姻运动于1970年代开始成形，自2004年以来，美国共有16个州在法律上认可同性婚姻。

支持同性婚姻的人通常认为，法定的婚姻及其权利不应该对同性伴侣关闭，这种拒绝同性婚姻的做法损害了其作为美国公民的权利。

此外，在美国，支持同性婚姻的人认为，同性恋者不能结婚使得他们不能享受超过1,049项权利和权益以及大量的各州法律和私有权益（例如家庭成员关系，折扣等等）。他们说，一个从法律上否定为公民提供联邦权利或权益的行为直接与美国宪法第14修正案相违背，这个修正案规定为公民提供平等的保护和大量的法定程序。这就意味着为一个群体提供的权利不能否认另一个团体享用。

在2010年12月，美国同性组织正式提出重新要求把同性婚姻合法化，并在12月18日发起游行，争取他们应有的人权及自由，认为同性也能结合，组织家庭。他们认为美国政府歧视他们的性取向，向平等机会委员会投诉，但没有清楚的被告人而不了了知。在2011年3月，经立法会仔细讨论议案，美国作为自由民主的地方，理应批准同性婚姻，最后议案正式通过，在2011年7月正式实施。

2012年5月9日，奥**成为首位公开支持同性婚姻合法化的美国总统。此前他虽然支持同性恋，但却反对同性结婚，2008年大选时，他曾表示反对同性婚姻，但赞成民事结合作为一种替代。奥**强调，这只是他个人的观点，他仍支持由各州的政府自行决定是否承认同性婚姻。2012年5月9日，奥**在接受美国广播公司新闻主播罗宾?罗伯茨（Robin Roberts）采访时，首次表明支持同性婚姻的态度，获得娱乐圈众多明星的交口称赞。

我作为一名同性恋者，理所当然对于美国同性婚姻表示支持态度。

第三篇：美国社会与文化教学大纲

Bruce Plourdepuluowen@gmail.comAmerican History and Culture “The 1960s”China-Canada Program Cheng Gong Campus 311 Zhongshan BuildingForeign Teacher’s Office, Room 3211Individual conferences by appointment

Course Description

In this course, we will focus on the United States during the decade of the 1960s.This decade, following the “Greatest Generation” which survived the Depression and the Second World War, was a particularly tumultuous time in American history, when questions of purpose and meaning arose in response to America’s new military and economic power.If the decade of the 1950s was one of conservatism and conformity, the 1960s was a time when the old values and traditions went through a re-evaluation.Beginning with the hope of promise embodied in the youthful president, John F.Kennedy, the country witnessed a cultural divide arise between those who advocated substantive change, and those content with the status quo.Various reform groups became politicized through activities which protested the American presence in Vietnam, the lack of civil rights for minorities, and the lack of tolerance and freedom of expression which characterized American culture.The Cold War hostilities which pitted the United States against the Soviet Union became internalized, as the country advanced toward a period of extended rioting, terrorism, and assassination that threatened the fabric of national cohesion.As we proceed through the narratives of our class, you should use your written responses to develop a sense of purpose in the cultural, political, and social effects which changed during this time, taking into account such aspects as gender, race, ethnicity, class, and the many other variables which begin to account for America’s pluralism.Course Requirements

Reading the material with a critical sense of literary and historical traditions is not enough.I will expect you to also share your insights into the readings in regular response papers, to participate actively in the class discussion, and to take both a midterm and a final exam.Response papers are not the summary of the text in question.Rather, they consist of your emotional, intellectual, and aesthetic connections to the text, and reflect your own individuality as a reader and a thinker.Responses should engage with all of the texts assigned for that week, and be at least a page in length.They should show some serious thought on the subject, curiosity, insight, or engagement with the issues and ideas.Responses which are thoughtful, inquisitive, insightful, and/or show a genuine engagement with the text receive full credit.Your responses must be your own thoughts, ideas, and feelings.If you choose to use outside sources for your responses, YOU MUST CITE EVERY SOURCE EVERY TIME YOU USE IT.If you do not cite every source every time you use it, you are stealing and lying.Such papers receive no credit.Response papers must be emailed to me on the evening before our class.Email them to me at puluowen@gmail.com.Late responses sent after class begins will receive no credit.Attendance

Regular attendance is mandatory.If you miss more than 2 class sessions, your grade will inevitably suffer.Should you miss more than 3 sessions, I will drop you from my class.Also, if you attend a different session of this class, you will be marked absent.Show up for the class you signed up for.If you know that you are going to be away from class for a valid reason, kindly inform me BEFORE you will be absent so that we can coordinate your making up the missed class.Paper TextsISBN 0-8090-1567-6

Electronic Texts

Baidu.com.“The Rise of Feminism in USA in 1960’s.”

<>

Biography of Lyndon Baines Johnson.<>

Biography of Richard Milhouse Nixon.Jimmy Hendrix:Live at Woodstock ’69.<>

King, Martin Luther, Jr.“Letter from a Birmingham Jail, 16 April 1963.” < >

Manifesto Club:Essay, “My Sputnik” by Zinovy Zinik

<>

Warrn & Silbey, “Role of the Sputnik Launch in the Cold War.”

第四篇：美国社会与文化竞赛题复习大纲

第一届美国社会与文化知识竞赛复习大纲

1.On August 3, 1949 President Truman officially declared June 14th Flag Day.2.Houston is located in the state of Texas

3.The Ivy League is located in the Northeast of America.4.The connotation of the blue color of American national flag includes vigilance, perseverance and justice

5.The time period of American Civil war is 1861-1865

6.There are 13 colonial areas and 50 states in U.S.Of all the 50 states Alaska is the largest state in land area and Rhode Island the smallest.But on the mainland of the US, Texas, though half the size of Alaska is the largest state in the country.7.The Midwest is known as the nation's “breadbasket” because of its abundant production of oats, wheat, and corn.8.The highest peak in the Appalachians is Mount Mitchell

9.The Mississippi River is the largest river system in the United States and the largest of North America, about 2,320 miles(3,730 km).It is the most important river in the USA.After the Nile in Africa and the Amazon in South America, it is the world‟s third longest continental river.10.Superior is also the coldest and deepest of the five Great Lakes.11.The three political departments in the United States are Legislative branch, Executive branch, and judicial branch.12.Members of the House are elected every two years and must be over 25 years of age, a U.S.citizen for at least seven years, and a resident of the state(but not necessarily the district)they represent.13.The House of Representatives is made up of 435 elected members

14.Senators must be over 30 years of age, U.S.citizens for at least nine years, and residents of the state they represent.15.All Justices are nominated by the President, confirmed by the Senate.16.The Bill of Rights was introduced by James Madison.17.(FBI)is an agency of the United States Department of Justice.18.The FBI‟s motto is “Fidelity, Bravery, Integrity.19.Head Start Program provides comprehensive education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-income children and their families.20.The SAT(formerly Scholastic Aptitude Test and Scholastic Assessment Test)includes math, critical reading, and writing.21.The ACT originally abbreviation of American College Testing)has historically consisted of four tests: English, Math, Reading, and Science reasoning.22.The eight institutions are Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and Yale University.23.In God We Trust is the official motto of the United States.It has appeared on U.S.currency since the 1860s and was adopted as the official national motto in 1956.24.The six pence can be any form of money, tucked into the bride's shoe, this to bring wealth, both in monetary means and love, to the union.25.As the couple leaves the church, they are showered with rice or wheat which is recognized as

the symbols of fertility.26.Football attracts more television viewers than baseball, due to football's significantly shorter schedule and is considered the most popular sport in the United States.27.NBA: National Basketball Association

28.Mother's Day President Woodrow Wilson made it an official national holiday in 1914.29.Halloween activities include trick-or-treating, wearing costumes and attending costume parties, carving jack-o„-lanterns(鬼节的南瓜灯), ghost tours, bonfires(篝火), apple bobbing, visiting haunted(闹鬼的)attractions, pranks(恶作剧), telling scary stories, and watching horror films.30.In America you should pay 15% unless the server is completely incompetent or rude to you.31.Asian Americans make up the third largest minority group in the United States.32.The national flower of the United States is rose

33.The national bird of the United States is bald eagle

34.The national stone of the United States is Blue Sapphire(蓝宝石）

35.The national anthem of the United States is The Star-spangled Banner

36.The present vice president of the United States is Joe Biden

37.There are 48 contiguous states in the United States in North America.38.There are mainly 4 regional divisions in the United States?

39.How many great lakes does the United States have?

40.The Missouri River is nicknamed by“Big Muddy”.41.The Mississippi River is nicknamed by the “father of water” or “Old man River”.42.The bloodiest battle in American civil war is the Battle of Gettysburg.43.The American civil war broke out in the year of 1861 and ended in the year of 1865.44.In American civil war, the northern part was called United States of America(Union)and the southern part was called Confederate States of America(Confederacy).45.The new deal is promised by Franklin D.Roosevelt

46.Because of the new deal, the recovery was rapid in all areas except unemployment

47.President Franklin D.Roosevelt is from Democraticparty.48.President John F.Kennedy is from Democratic Party.49.President Abraham Lincoln is from Republican Party.50.President Richard Nixon is from Republican Party.51.President George W.Bush is from Republican Party.52.The most important source of law is Constitution.53.Three levels of law are federal law, states law and local law.54.the two types of American law: procedural law ,substantive law.55.How many amendments does the constitution consist of? 27

56.How many amendments does the Bill of Rights consist of? 10

57.SAT stands for scholastic aptitude test/ scholastic assessment test.58.ACT stands for American College Testing.59.The possible score of SAT ranges from 600 to 2400,.60.SAT includes the test of math, critical reading, and writing

61.In February 2005, an optional writing test was added to the ACT

62.In the wedding ceremony, something new represents the couple themselves, as a ‘new’ union.63.In the wedding ceremony, something old represents the friends and family attending the

wedding.64.In the wedding ceremony, something borrowed represents something from the family that is to be returned.65.In the wedding ceremony, something blue represents the bride’s virginity

66.In the wedding ceremony, a silver six pence inside your shoe represents wealth.67.Hollywood is located in the state of California

68.By total area(land and water), the United States is, about 9,372,615 square kilometers, either slightly larger or smaller than the People's Republic of China, making it the world's third or fourth largest country.69.By land area only(exclusive of waters), the United States is the world's third largest country, following Russia and China, and is followed by Canada.70.The term “Manifest Destiny” is closely related to which period of Westward expansion in the history of America?

71.After Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 Election, eleven Southern states seceded from the union between late 1860 and 1861, establishing a new government, the Confederate States of America, on February 8, 1861.72.The War in Afghanistan is an ongoing coalition conflict which began on October 7, 2001.73.The official reason claimed by America for the invasion in Iraq 2003 included the spreading of democracy, the elimination of weapons of mass destruction and the liberation of the Iraqi people.74.Supreme court is the head of the judicial branch of America?

10.The most unique characteristic of American political system is check and balance which can prevent the over centralization of power into one branch of administration.75.Senators must be over 30 years of age, U.S.citizens for at least nine years, and residents of the state they represent.76.Members of the House of Representatives are elected every 2 years and must be over 25 years of age.77.The United States Constitution is the shortest and oldest written constitution still in use today.78.The handwritten original document was penned by Jacob Shallus

79.The grand jury is composed of not less than 12 and not more than 23 persons

80.The Constitution consists of

• a preamble

• seven original articles

• twenty-seven amendments(修正案)

• a paragraph certifying(证明)its enactment(通过)by the constitutional convention.82.Head Start Program is a program of the United States Department of Health and Human Services

18.The current SAT, introduced in 2005, takes three hours and forty-five minutes

18.The eight institutions are Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and Yale University

83.Christianity is the largest religious group in the United States?

84.The U.S.Pledge of Allegiance was modified in 1954 by President Eisenhower to add the phrase ”under God".85.Overall, Asian Americans have the second lowest poverty rate and the highest educational

attainment levels

86.A newly married couple is showered with rice or wheat which is recognized as the symbols of fertility.87.The veil was originated not as decorations.88.Stay-at-home dads are not as popular in American society.89.Nuclear family structure is a traditional family support system involving two married individuals providing care and stability for their biological offspring.90.Baseball attracts more ticket sales than any other sport in the United States

91.Soccer is not the most popular sport in America.92.Super Bowl Sunday is the second-largest day for U.S.food consumption, after Thanksgiving Day

93.Major League Baseball

94.Black Friday is Friday after Thanksgiving Day.95.The date of Christmas is not known to be the actual birth date of Jesus.96.Halloween is an annual holiday celebrated on October 31.97.The holiday was not officially recognized until 1972, during the presidency of Richard Nixon.98.BYOB for American who is invited to a party means “bring your own beer”

99.In America you should pay at least 15% unless the server is completely incompetent or rude to you.100.Food is passed to the right in U.S.101 Which of the following statements is not the eating habit in America?

A.No elbows on table.B.Repulsive to talk with mouth full.D.Talk happily and loudly.C.Try little of everything.102.Emancipation Proclamation 奴隶解放宣言

103.The Laissez Faire Economy 自由放任经济

104.The Electoral College 选举团

105.Westward Expansion 西进运动

106.CIA 中央情报局

107.Chinese-born American 美籍华人

第五篇：俄罗斯社会与文化

建设工程学部土木工程学号：201351054姓名：马天鸿

《俄罗斯社会与文化》这门课给我的启示

文学与艺术与建筑

一直以来都对俄罗斯的文学艺术很感兴趣，这也成了我选择这门课的初衷。从呀呀学语时就知道有高尔基这个俄国的大文豪。小时候妈妈给我教高尔基名字的全称，老是记不住，后来慢慢的接触到他的作品，了解他的童年，他的大学。再后来又读到更多的俄罗斯的作家的著作，看过了契科夫的短篇小说，啃完了托尔斯泰的长篇小说。俄罗斯的文学几乎成了我了解俄罗斯最主要的途径。在这门课中，在老师带着我们对俄罗斯的一次次漫游之后，结合俄罗斯的社会环境，我对俄罗斯又有了更进一步的了解。

俄罗斯文学无疑是俄罗斯人民完美的和清晰的创作天才表达，而不仅仅是居于庙堂之高的象牙塔式的文学，无论是高尔基，托尔斯泰还是普希金，尽管他们的作品形式不同但都是来源于生活，都是与当时的社会背景紧密相连的，都是当时社会普遍道德和文化价值的表现。按照俄罗斯著名哲学家的观点, 文学也是俄罗斯哲学的体现。在这些大家耳熟能详的文学家和文学作品出现之前，俄罗斯也有过文学上的薄弱期。直到18世纪在俄罗斯几乎还没有世俗的的文学作品出现。那时只有一些古俄罗斯的历史传记，而这些作品的作者却无从知晓。对于这些作品我之前根本不了解，在上了这门可之后才知道俄罗斯文学的繁荣与从彼得大帝开始之后人们接受到西方新的思想意识和当时依然落后的农奴制之间的矛盾不无关系。在 18世纪 俄罗斯涌现出了一批杰出的诗人与作家.他们中间有瓦西

里·特里季亚可夫、米海伊尔·罗曼诺索夫、作家剧作家亚力山大·苏马洛科夫。那时主要的文学创作艺术形式是古典主义、散文。在后来就出现了我们今天都十分熟悉的反映了俄罗斯社会与民众意识的作品。像我们都读过的《死魂灵》,这些作品都对我有很大的触动，读起来也很容易理解。

再说说歌剧，我本身对歌剧的兴趣并不大，也不是很了解，但在平时的生活学习中了解到在今天这个流行音乐肆掠全球的大形势下，俄罗斯人休闲的方式依然是去歌剧院听歌剧（不知道是不是真的）就足以看出歌剧本身巨大的魅力的。总之，歌剧是俄罗斯人生活不可缺少的部分，提及俄罗斯社会与文化，歌剧就不得不说。

在这门课中，了解最多的恐怕就是俄罗斯的建筑与它那优美的风景了。老师说过，在俄罗斯拍的每张照片都像是一张明信片。确实，透过一幅幅图片，俄罗斯建筑的美妙绝伦和华丽的内饰都让我们惊叹不已。给人印象最深刻的要数圣彼得堡建筑。圣彼得堡是一个具有浓厚的巴洛克式风格的俄罗斯城市，是彼得大帝时期，由德国 法国 意大利设计师设计 建设的，巴洛克式建筑艺术的精华，气势磅礴、高

建设工程学部土木工程学号：201351054姓名：马天鸿

耸雄伟、布局对称、装饰富丽堂皇。虽然在上圣彼得堡那一课之前，就有一些比较充分的了解，之前在网上看到过一些对圣彼得堡的介绍，但是上课以后还是不由自主冒出一堆感慨，建筑风格很吸引我的眼球，你不用走到旅游景点，也不用站在地标性建筑物旁，就能感觉到浓厚巴洛克式艺术建筑风格。在这门课中我也首次听到了“哥特式”建筑这个新名词，参观了几个著名的哥特式风格的教堂，尤其琥珀宫给我留下了极深的印象。

此外，俄罗斯名人墓园也非常的吸引我，在哪里是几乎是所有俄罗斯名流的身后所在地，墓碑的造型各异，但无不反映了主人生前的性格与成就。还有托尔斯泰、普希金的故居，让人不禁想象他们当时生活的场景„„

总之，这门课给我带来了许多以前不曾接触过的知识。也让我对俄罗斯有了新的认识，对俄罗斯社会与文化有了更为深刻的理解。让我们眼中不再是那个大概念的俄罗斯，带我们走进了一个不一样的俄罗斯，在这门课中获益颇深。