补充练习翻译

第一篇：补充练习翻译

第二章答案

2.1 定语

基础练习

1）The organization has developed several techniques useful to other groups doing similar work.2）It would be the worn, fading envelope she kept for so long.3）People there like singing and dancing.4）A portly, unshaven young man in a stocking cap and dark nylon jacket emerged from the shrub by the parking pad and put his pistol between my eyes.5）Time is treated as if it were something almost real.6）It ended tax favors that had encouraged clearing of the Amazon rain forest, and agreed to a

plan to finance new forest protection projects.7）A world with human clones was suddenly within reach.8）The laboratory process that produced Dolly, an unremarkable-looking sheep, theoretically would work for humans as well.9）The few remaining working lines will be busy with the calls that naturally occur after a disaster。

10）Lacking the culturally acceptable symbols of belonging in this setting, we became, to a degree, objects, with less inherent dignity as persons.提高练习：

• 1.On this committee alone there are three women.2.Britain was the first Western power to recognize People’s China.3.The doctor did everything necessary to save the patient.4.If you’ve got a complaint, the best thing is to see the person concerned and have it out with him.5.He is the only one suitable for the job.6.He is always the first to come.7.He saw in front that haggard white-haired old man, whose eyes flashed red with fury.8.He had made a thorough study of all the dialects spoken in Scotland.9.Thousands of red, beautiful roses that blossom almost at the same time make the park the great resort of people in spring.10.A developed agricultural system with a rational distribution and all-round development of farming, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline occupations and fisheries meeting the needs of the people and of an expanding industry.2.2 状语

基础练习：

1.But with such a large population base, the country must still convert millions more to the idea of birth control if it is to reach its population targets.2.Instead of congratulations upon hearing our news, he counseled her to be really sure she was doing the right thing.3.They will spend 10 months of their lives studying abroad, far from their families.4.At the end of each semester, as long as the students pass final exams, American authorities grant a certificate.5.The youngsters frequently show their lack of practice at such things.• • • • • • •

• 6.Over time, people starve themselves of both food and air, effectively weakening and hooking their children, eventually killing themselves.7.Learn to be less hostile by changing some of your attitudes and negative thinking everyday.8.In India in the meantime, the entire education system has shifted gears to feed the appetite of the American computer industry.9.The man was a government employee living out a fantasy that he was a Scottish noble and paying for it by stealing funds from Scotland Yard.10.The first Hyde public school program opened in Bath, Maine, in September 1992.提高练习1.I met him in Beijing last year.2.I quite agree with you 3.White clouds sailed gently in the sky.4.This reaction was carried out in a vacuum yesterday.5.He had flown yesterday from Beijing where he spent his vocation after finishing the meeting he had taken part in Tianjin.6.He was born in Chaoyang District of Beijing on May 20, 1970.7.He is running fast enough.8.Without being noticed, I lifted the curtain in my small room, only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden.9.Other researchers have generated much more intense magnetic fields, but only by using explosions that literally destroyed their devices.10.There is a tourist attraction called Yao Lin which you can reach in about three hours by going southwest by tourist bus from Hangzhou.第三章答案

 3.1 倍数的表达

 基础练习

 1.His hands, four times as large, reached out slowly and held them as though they were

holding up two tiny birds. 2.Their house is about three times as big as ours. 3.The fee is typically two to four times as much as for calls made over fixed lines. 提高练习

 1This thermal power plant is four times larger than that one. 2Iron is almost three times as heavy as aluminum. 3.The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. 4.Laser shooting light through glass fiber can transmit 250,000 times as much data as a

standard telephone wire.3.2 否定句

基础练习

 1.If I did agree, I certainly wouldn't look at my feet or at the ceiling. 2.Neither ever asked “Whose job is this?” or asserted “That is not my responsibility!”

 3.Like no other plague before, the AIDS epidemic threatens to wipe out an entire

generation and leave another without parents. 4.I don't think her music is so terrible. 5.You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was. 6.This happens when you pretend that everything is acceptable and that nothing bothers

you. 7.People in Beijing must be thinking I was enjoying myself here in the richest country in

the world. 8.Nothing says love like a dozen long-stemmed roses on Valentine's Day. 9.Before long, people were coming to his shop for sandwiches more than for meat. 10.Instead of using early-stage embryo cells, he used cells from the udder of an adult 提高练习

 1.He is far from being honest. 2.The last thing I would do is to lie to you. 3.He doesn’t care about his position or salary. 4.I know none of you. 5.I failed to persuade（in persuading)her．

 6.He can't have finished his dinner. 7.Nobody can come in without permission. 8.He is more dead than alive. 9.There's a lot more to life than a job. 10.He is the last person I would like to vote for.

第二篇：词汇补充练习

补充练习分析题

一、语义场

1.给下列各词找到适当的上位词、下位词和四个类义词。（1）农民

（2）金属（3）阅读(4)树（5）牛 2.请给下列语义场进行归类。

（1）夏—商—周—„„元—明—清（2）星期一—星期二—„„星期天（3）南—北

（4）立春—雨水—惊蛰—„„冬至—小寒—大寒（5）美—丑

（6）老板—职员

（7）源头—上游—中游—下游—河口（8）忽然——突然——猛然（9）生—死

3.“干净”和“清洁”在什么意义上是同义词，在什么意义上不是同义词？ 4.请辨析下列各组同义词。

（1）惦记——惦念（2）侵占——侵犯（3）毛病——缺点（4）气派——气度（5）布匹——布

（6）鼓动——煽动（7）轻视——鄙视（8）灾难——灾荒（9）挂彩——负伤（10）担任——担负（11）局面——场面（12）保护——庇护

5.指出下列成语中的同义词和反义词。

家喻户晓

七上八下

你追我赶

龙飞凤舞

死去活来

弃暗投明

取长补短

无独有偶

此起彼伏

横冲直撞

博古通今

东摇西摆

苦尽甘来

新陈代谢 6.辨析下列各组成语。

（1）成群结队——三五成群（2）大张旗鼓——雷厉风行（3）当仁不让——义不容辞（4）风流云散——烟消云散

7.举例分析下列几组词在哪些义项上构成反义关系，哪些没有？（可借助词典）细——粗

厚——薄

开——关

新——老

8.请从下列每组词中找出反义词。

（1）永久

耐用

永别

短少

停止

临时（2）人格

高尚

品德

卑贱

卑鄙

贵重（3）喜好

喜欢

兴趣

满意

讨厌

悲观（4）处分

惩罚

教训

责备

奖赏

赞扬 9.下列各词是否是反义词关系？为什么？（1）天堂——遭罪（2）爱护——庇护（3）战争——光明（4）老师——学生

二、词义和语境的关系

1.改正下列各句中用的不恰当的词语。（1）你上吊，你跳河，你卖儿卖女，你冻死饿死，他都不动声色，他只管自己的腰包塞满了没有，哪管你的死活。

（2）对于投机倒把分子，我们不能采取自由主义态度，当然更不能随波逐流。（3）盖叫天系河北高阳县人，虽出身北方，却常居南方。（4）我们必需出色地完成自己的任务。

2.借助现代汉语词典，判断下列句子中的“打”各应归入哪一义项。（1）老王打一退休就在街道处担任党支部书记。（2）这个事情，不管谁来打听，我都不会说。（3）我们还没有买房子的打算。

（4）他结婚的时候，父母给他打了一套家具。

（5）咱们要千万小心，不能让他发现了，否则到时候鸡飞蛋打，你我面子上都不好看。

（6）他们兄弟两个，很会打仗。

（7）遇见了他，别忘了替我打个招呼。

（8）这次进山，没有打到什么好东西，只有这两只獐子（9）文革时，许多老知识分子，都被打成了右派。（10）他们家在门前打了一口井。

（11）我打心眼儿里瞧不上他的行为做派。（13）你每天给他打几个电话？

3.在钱钟书的《围城》中有这样一段描述鲍小姐的话“有人叫她`熟食铺子`（charcuterie），因为只有熟食店会把那许多颜色暖热的肉公开陈列；又有人叫她`真理`，因为据说`真理`是`赤裸裸的`。”这里的“熟食铺子”和“真理”都有特殊的含义，请问是什么意思？

4.归纳下面一组复合词中“厚”的意义。

忠厚、厚爱、厚此薄彼、得天独厚、厚古薄今、厚道、宽厚、优厚、深厚、敦厚、厚度、厚望、厚葬、无可厚非、厚礼、厚颜无耻、厚待、厚谊

5.根据下面句子归纳“活”的义项，并指出哪些属于活[1]，哪些属于活[2]。(1)鱼儿离开了水就无法存活。(2)这一段写得很活。(3)这孩子说话活像大人。(4)他身子不好，不能干重活。(5)活到老,学到老。(6)这批活做得好。(7)我买了一本活页笔记本。(8)侦察兵活捉了敌人的一个舌头。

(9)他还要养家活口。(10)他这样作很出活。(11)这里的水都是活水。

三、现代汉语词汇的构成

1.请鉴别下列词语，指出它们各自不同的来源。

社稷

经济

二百五

曲奇

试婚

手术

熊市

买单

炒鱿鱼

打工

金婚

王子

基因

套牢

克隆

牛市

革命

美术

阁下

公主

诊断

教授

储君

干部

龌龊

王后

纸婚

及第给力

隐婚

洞房

2.请以“啤酒”和“咖啡”为例说明外来词中“啤”和“咖”已经汉语语素化了。3.下列各词，哪些是基本词，哪些是一般词。

（1）眼睛

（2）民工

（3）鞋

（4）民国

（5）最

（6）万

（7）京剧

（8）高尔基

（9）转化

（10）天安门

4、请分析下列外来词的形成方式（10分）：

啤酒

CT

B超

民主

俱乐部

冰淇淋

足球

戈壁

苏维埃

逻辑

夹克

卡介苗

沙龙

沙文主义

MTV 苏打

卡片

5.请从下列句子中找出外来词、古语词、方言词、行业词。（1）同学聚会，我们总会打扑克。

（2）有的人长期筑底走不出盘局，无法突破自我。（3）党委书记要当好二传手。

（4）今年，学校举行的圣诞派对非常成功。（5）这家酒楼的菜味道不错。

（6）医生建议她长期服用维他命，不能吃一顿落一顿。（7）这次高考省状元是我们县有名的才子。

（8）自从那件事过后，两人见面都会觉得尴尬，渐渐地，竟不常联系了。（9）推出产品要把握市场节奏，善于打时间差。

6.下列各词本都是方言词，现在哪些可以看做是基本词？

啥

坠雨

胰皂

别扭

把戏

陌生

垃圾

名堂

橄榄

公鸡

四、熟语

1.下面所列，那些是成语、惯用语、谚语、歇后语？请加以区分。

（1）先下手为强

（2）兔子的尾巴长不了

（3）当面锣，对面鼓

（4）既来之，则安之

（5）成以萧何，败亦萧何

（6）莫须有

（7）吃大锅饭

（8）跑龙套

（9）兔子急了还咬人

（10）一枕黄粱

（11）抓辫子

（12）拦路虎

（13）旗杆上绑鸡毛

（14）翘尾巴

（15）一年之计在于春

（16）抛砖引玉

（17）吃鸭蛋

（18）王八吃了秤砣铁了心

2.改正下列成语中的错别字。

坚如盘石

遗笑大方

既往不究

相形见拙

一枕黄粱

妄费心机

怨天由人

水乳交溶

变本加利

暗然销魂

不记其数

受益非浅

明查秋毫

开源截流

心浮气燥

前仆后继

手屈一指

出类拔粹

刚腹自用

并行不背

神彩飞扬

3.广告语中常常利用改造成语的方法，如“随心所浴”（热水器）“当之无愧”（当铺广告）“一旦拥有，别无所求”（足球），你认为这样做好不好？为什么？ 4.请各举出惯用语（三字格和非三字格各几个）、歇后语（喻意、谐音各三个）的例子。

5.请从下列句子中分别找出惯用语、谚语。

（1）对于“走后门”这个问题的处理要从严，不是从宽。（2）“情人眼里出西施”，你应该觉得她最美。

（3）有些执法人员以“清官难断家务事”为由，拒绝为受害妇女开验伤单。（4）买卖谈的“八九不离十”，你也该放下这颗心了。

（5）说起来也有些难开口，可是人情归人情，公道归公道。看来我不提，你们好像忘了这回事似的。

（6）你看他那样高兴，我都不忍心泼冷水。

（7）真是来得早不如来得巧，我刚刚送走两位来访的。

（8）瘦死的骆驼比马大，他们家好歹曾是个地主，说不定还有什么好东西藏着没叫你知道。

6.列表分析下列成语的内部结构关系。

（1）审时度势（2）一衣带水（3）咄咄逼人（4）拍案叫绝（5）耳目一新（6）班门弄斧（7）众叛亲离（8）匹夫之勇（9）左顾右盼（10）狐假虎威（11）令人发指（12）别树一帜（13）不劳而获（14）发号施令（15）层出不穷（16）置之度外(17)过河拆桥（18）生龙活虎（19）梁上君子（20）侃侃而谈（21）叶公好龙（22）突飞猛进（23）忍辱负重（24）药到病除（25）虚怀若谷（26）引狼入室（27）后起之秀（28）力争上游（29）化险为夷（30）包罗万象（31）铁石心肠（32）持之以恒

五、词汇的发展变化和词汇的规范化 1.请指出下列新词的特点。

超编

创汇

笑星

突破性

程序化

自学热

信息港

短平快

时间差

太极拳

艾滋病

汉堡包

麦当劳

面的中巴

三通

超生

男士

国手

大龄

老外

2.请举出五个已经或正在退出现代汉语词汇系统的词语。3.从词义发展角度，对下面所列词语进行归类。

车

河

洗

肌肉

报复

可怜

爪牙

独裁

丈人

瓦

谷

菜

墨水

走 4在外来词借用的过程中，有时候，会发生几种形式并存的情况，比如：因特儿（音译）、internet（直接借用）、互联网（意译），镭射（音译）、激光（意译），你认为哪种办法比较好，我们在规范用语时应采纳哪种译法？ 5.请指出下列例句中的生造词。

（1）这个问题一直缠萦在他的脑间。（2）她终将成为世界游坛的巨人。（3）汗水从帽子底下淌流满脸。

（4）他怎么还没来？我都要望石秋穿了。（5）给人以无层的远思和遐想。

6.下列各句中哪些词语的运用是不规范的？（1）这个东西的长度是十一米突。（2）我今天下午要去买一包洋火。（3）生活对我来言，亦是一个考验。（4）我付思：他怎么会当上班长呢？

7.从词汇规范化角度来看，下列各组词中应当选用哪个词？（1）玉米、苞米、珍珠米、棒子

（2）名学、伦理学、因明学、逻辑学（3）托拉斯、脱拉斯、托拉司、托辣斯（4）明天、明旦、明朝（5）公鸡、雄鸡、鸡公

（6）灶前、镬灶间、灶头间、灶间、厨房（7）月、月明、月光、月亮

（8）朱古力、巧克力、巧古力、巧格力

第三篇：翻译练习

15级英汉翻译练习1

As far as fashion is concerned, the casual “American” style of wearing Jeans, T-shirts and sports shoes is now common and acceptable in many places.For in the office it is not rare to see someone wearing tight jeans with a long sleeved shirt plus a tie.就时尚而言，穿牛仔裤、t恤和运动鞋的休闲“美国”风格在很多地方都很常见，而且可以接受。因为在办公室，看见有人穿着紧身牛仔裤，配上一件长袖衬衫和领带也不稀奇。

His defense is of cause that is the American style.Cowboy hats, boots and large silver belt buckles are also a common imitation of the dress style of Americans especially those from Taxas and Arizona.Look at the music played in the Nyamirambo bound taxis and you will be amazed at how it matches with the dress style of the passengers.他的辩护理由是美国的风格。牛仔帽、靴子和大银皮带扣也是美国人的着装风格的常见模仿，尤其是那些来自美国和亚利桑那州的人。看看Nyamirambo的出租车上播放的音乐，你会惊奇地发现它与乘客的着装风格相匹配。

Around the world the United States is perhaps best known for its numerous and successful fast food franchises.Such chains, including McDonald’s, Burger King and Kentucky Fried Chicken are known for selling simply, pre-prepared food such as hamburger, French fries(chips), soft drinks, fried chicken, and ice cream.Though undeniably popular, such food, with its emphasis on deep-frying, has been criticized by dietitians in recent decades for being unhealthy and a cause of obesity.It has thus become somewhat of a stereotype to associate American cuisine with obesity and junk food.The whole world now is full of similar eating joints, In Africa many are referred to as take-aways.在世界范围内，美国最出名的可能是其众多的成功的快餐连锁店。这样的连锁店，包括麦当劳、汉堡王和肯塔基炸鸡店，都以简单的、事先准备好的食物如汉堡、薯条(薯条)、软饮、炸鸡和冰淇淋而闻名。虽然不可否认的是，这种食物以油炸食品为主，最近几十年来，由于饮食不健康和肥胖原因，这类食品一直受到营养师的批评。因此，将美国美食与肥胖和垃圾食品联系在一起，已成为一种刻板印象。现在整个世界都有类似的饮食关节，在非洲，许多被称为“外卖”。

翻译句子, 注意词性和词义搭配

1.Just as exercise strengthens the heart and lungs, bones and muscles, it may also power up the brain.运动不但能强心，健脾，壮骨，筋肌，而且还能健脑。2.We shall never see his match.他那样的人恐怕不会有第二个了。

3.The vote was 35 to 25, a margin of 10.表决的结果是35票对25票，相差10票。

4.The report is thoroughly sourced.这项报告的来源很完备。

5.This hotel can’t be matched for friendliness.这家旅馆服务态度之好无与伦比。

6.She was rather advanced in years for a maiden.在没有结婚的女孩中，她年龄算是相当大了。7.Every one of us poured forth his expertise.我们每个人都发挥了自己的专长。

8.I’ll not abuse your hospitality.我不会辜负你的热情厚谊。

9.“I long for you terribly.The moment we say good-bye and I close the door, my torment begins.”

我想你想的要命，我们一分手，关上门，我心里变觉得煎熬。

10.Our arguments were often brought before our father, and I guess I was either generally in the right, or else a better debater, because the judgment was usually in my favor.我们往往争到父亲那里去。我想，或许是我总有理，或者我善于抓理，因为评起来通常是我有理。

Translate the following sentences:

Delicate difference细微的差异

Delicate diplomatic question微妙的外交问题 delicate ear for music对音乐有鉴赏力 Delicate features清秀的五官 Delicate food美味的食物 Delicate health虚弱的身体 Delicate living奢侈的生活 Delicate porcelain精致的瓷器

Delicate sense of smell灵敏的嗅觉 Delicate skin娇嫩的皮肤

Delicate stomach容易吃坏的胃

Delicate surgical operation难做的外科手术 Delicate touch 妙笔生花

Delicate upbringing娇生惯养 Delicate vase容易破碎的花瓶

1.A fine appearance and comfort do not usually go together.中看不一定中用。

2.She has the qualities which go to the making of a good teacher.她具有一个优秀教师所必需的素质。

3.A foreign language will go far towards widening our mental horizon.外语会大大帮助我们开阔思想境界。4.What he says goes.他说了算数。

5.He made a promise and then went back on it.他许下了诺言，但没有践行。

6.Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market.昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷。

7.“How old was I when you first took me in a boat?”“Five and you nearly were killed when I brought the fish in too green and nearly tore the boat to pieces.Can you remember?”(The old Man and the sea.)“你头一趟带我上船，那时我多大岁数？”“五当年我把一条生龙活虎的鱼拖上船的时候，那家伙险儿把那只船撞得粉碎，你也险些儿送了命。还记得吗？”

8.Mary took me in her cabin and told me that she was a poor sailor and always went to bed immediately on getting on the boat.玛丽把我带到她的船舱里对我说，她有晕船的毛病，所以总是一上船就睡觉。

9.The horse knew every one of the forty families that got milk on Prince Edward Street.爱德华王子大街上有40个订奶户，这匹马知道每一家住的地方。

1．The newspaper claims to be the mirror of the public opinion.该报宣称忠实反应了公众的意见。

2．Application of laser in medicine is still in its infancy.激光在医学中的应用仍处于发展的初期。

3．But no one forces you to go to sea.It gets in your blood.但是谁也没有强迫你出海，是你心甘情愿嘛。

4．She was, to be sure, a girl who excited the emotions, but I was not one to let my heart rule my head.她确实是个动情的姑娘，不过我不是一个让感情支配理智的人。

5．As far as the head goes, at least, she does credit to the educational system pursued at my establishment.不说别的，就智力才能而论，她确实能为本校所遵循的教育制度争光。

6．He gave up the sword for the plough.她解甲归田了。

7.Behind him I see the long grey rollers of the Atlantic at work.在他的身后，我看见大西洋上的灰色巨浪，汹涌起伏。

8.It was the best of times, it was the worst of times;it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness;it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity;it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness;it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair;we had everything before us, we had nothing before us;we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way.(Charles Dickens: A Tale of Two Cities)这是最好的时代，这是最坏的时代，这是智慧的时代，这是愚蠢的时代；这是信仰的时期，这是怀疑的时期；这是光明的季节，这是黑暗的季节；这是希望之春，这是失望之冬；人们面前有着各样事物，人们面前一无所有；人们正在直登天堂；人们正在直下地狱。

课堂互动： 翻译下列句子, 注意比喻与典故

1.The EEC’s Common Agricultural policy is a dinosaur which is adding $13.5 a week to the food bill of the average British.欧洲经济共同体的农业共同政策早已不合时宜，她要使英国家庭平均每周在食品开销上多支出13.5美元。

2.Hanoi romanced its Asian neighbors for six years before winning its membership in ASEAN.河内对其邻国进行了六年的亲善努力后成为了东盟的一员。3.The British suburban garden, that most revered of national institutions, is increasingly facing destruction by land-hungry developers.英国城郊花园是最受推崇的国粹，现在却不断面临土地开发商的破坏，这些人急欲搞到土地。

4.Malaysia, which posted its highest growth rate in a decade, is the region’s new star performer, with Indonesia close on its heels.十年中，马来西亚的发展速度是最快的，它是该地区新出现的最出色的经济发展国，紧随其后的是印度尼西亚。

5.Rich and poor , black and white, young and old ,Virginians by

the thousands lined up last week at courthouses and police stations seeking permits for carrying concealed weapons.The common denominator was fear of crime.上星期成千上万的印度尼西亚人，不分贫富，肤色和年龄，在法院或警察局门口排起长队。申请得到携带贴身武器的许可证。他们这样做出于一个共同的原因：对犯罪事件不断增加怀有恐惧。

Translate the following sentences: 1．Roseta long boasted the lowest heart attack rate in the USA.罗塞塔（美国宾夕法尼亚州）长期以来自吹是全美心脏病发病率最低的地方。罗塞塔（美国宾夕法尼亚州）长期以来被誉为美国心脏病发病率最低的地方。

2.London is a city invaded by tourists.伦敦是旅游者入侵的城市。伦敦是旅游者大量涌入的城市。

3.Our conference did in the end make detailed plans for the invasion.我们的会议最后确实制定了入侵的详细方案。我们的会议最后确实制定了进攻的详细方案。

4.Following his father’s footsteps many years later ,Sir Malcolm’s son ,Donald ,also set up a world record.很多年之后，马尔科姆爵士的儿子唐纳德步其父后尘，也创造了一项世界纪录。很多年之后，马尔科姆爵士的儿子唐纳德踏着父亲的足迹，也创造了一项世界纪录。

注意词的褒贬意义译法

5.I like being familiar with the things that once made me apprehensive, I like not being afraid to display my ignorance and ask for help.I like the confidence middle age brings.我沾沾自喜于熟悉了往日令我忧心忡忡的事情，我乐于暴露自己的无知，不怕向人求救，我喜欢随着中年而来的自信心。我喜欢熟悉了曾令我疑惧的事物，我喜欢坦诚自己的无知并求助于他人，我喜欢随中年而来的自信。

6.As luck would have it ,there was rain on the day of the picnic.真倒霉，野餐那天偏偏下雨。

7.As luck would have it ,no one was in the building when the explosion occurred.很幸运，爆炸发生的时候，屋里刚巧没人。

8.He made a wise choice.他作了明智的选择。

9.They went away as wise as they came.他们离开的时候跟进来的时候一样，仍然一窍不通。

10.She knows Peter is industrious and clever.她知道彼得既勤奋又聪明。

11.He is too clever for us.他太狡猾了。

翻译练习：名词──动词

1.In fact, the abuse of drugs has become one of America’s most serious social problems.事实上，滥用毒品已经成为美国最为严重的社会问题之一。

2.The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.看到我们的喷气式飞机，听到隆隆的机声，令我特别神往。

3.The book is a reflection of the Chinese society of my father’s time.这本书反映了我父亲那个时代的中国社会。

4.Today, we are still stirred by the sight of each flower and tree in the courtyard and each thing used by him.5.An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs.掌握一点世界史，对学中国时事有好处。看到院子里的一花一木和周总理用过的每一件东西，都使我们激情无限，思绪万千。

6.I am an amateur actor.He is a better player than I.我是个业余演员，他演得比我好。

7.He is both a bibliomaniac and a lover of calligraphy.他有藏书癖，又爱好书法。

8.He studied law in his spare time and became a lawyer.He was a good speaker and student of political philosophy.他利用业余时间研究法律，后来当了律师。他擅长演说，深谙政治哲学。

9.The happiness of having such a sister was their first effusion, and the fair ladies mingled in embraces and tears of joy.她们首先倾吐了要做姐妹的喜悦，两位小姐高兴地一次次拥抱，洒下了欣喜的泪花。

10.It is my conviction that though men may be no more wicked than they always have been, they seem less likely to be ashamed.我相信人们虽然未必比以前还要不讲道德，但似乎要比以前更加不知羞耻。

11.The world is blinded by his fortune and consequence or frightened by his high and imposing manners.他有钱有势，蒙蔽了天下人的耳目，他那目空一切、盛气凌人的气派又吓坏了天下人。

12.She turned towards me immediately.The easy elegance of every movement of her limbs and body as soon as she began to advance from the far end of the room, set me in a flutter of expectation to see her face clearly.

她立刻转过身来。当她从房间的那一头走过来时，一举手一投足，风度非常优雅，我不由得很想看清她的面孔。

形容词转译成动词

1.He is too ignorant of the ways of the world.他太不懂世道常青了。2.We are hopeful of success in this experiment.我们希望这个实验能成功。

3.This house is unheated and unfurnished.这个房子没有暖气设备，也没有家具。

4.Presently she became aware of footsteps hurrying after her.她立刻发觉身后脚步声匆匆追来。

5.Bryan was suspicious of the wily Dawrrow.布赖恩怀疑达罗诡计多端。

6.The old man lay all night on his sleepless bed.老人躺在床上，彻夜未眠。

副词转译成动词

1.That day he was up before sunrise.那天他在日出之前就起来了。

2.Blushing, fidgeting nervously with his tie, blinking timidly, he faced us silently for a minute.他红着脸,紧张不安地摆弄着领带,胆怯地眨着眼睛,面对大家沉默了一会儿。

3.Ellis drew back, pulled out a pocketknife and ,waving it before him defensively, told Dennis to let him alone.艾利思往后退,抽出小刀,晃着自卫,叫丹尼思别管闲事。

4.This hat was in for a while last year.去年这种帽子流行了一阵子。

副词转译成名词

1)He was motivated by a desire to reach a compromise.他的动机是希望达成某种妥协。

2)He objected that the plan is not practical.他反对的理由是这个计划不现实。

3)A well-dressed man, who looked and talked like an American, got into the car.一个穿着考究的人，上了车，他的外表和谈吐都像美国人。

名词转译成形容词

1.Oh, she is all gentleness, kindness, goodness!她真是最温柔，最体贴，最善良了！

2.In all this great serenity of ocean it is seldom that we espy so much as another ship.在这广袤无垠的大海上，我们难得看见其他船只。

3.The fresh air after the rain gave one a feeling of exceptional coolness and comfort.雨后空气清新,使人感到格外凉爽、舒畅。

4.The life of her smile, the warmth of her voice, hasn’t she, only cold paper and dead words!没有了她的活泼的笑容，没有了她的温暖的声音，只有冷的纸和死的字。

名词转译成副词

1.We set out in great haste for Venice.我们匆匆忙忙的动身到威尼斯。

2.The man nodded with satisfaction.那个人满意地点了点头。

3.The girls wore all smiles on meeting those guests from remote areas.姑娘们笑容满面地欢迎这些远道而来的客人。

形容词转译成副词

1.The landing was designed to cut the peninsula in two.登陆的目的是要把该半岛一切为二。

2.They signed two agreements that served to warm up the atmosphere of their relations.他们签订了两个协议，目的是要把他们的关系热乎起来。

3.His image as a good student was badly tarnished.他作为一个好学生的形象，遭到严重玷污。

4.He had deep sympathy for the insulted and the injured.他对于被侮辱的人和被损害的人有着深厚的同情心。

5.Hospitals are getting more efficient these days.近日来，医院的效率越来越高了。

第四篇：翻译练习

It might have been the Alpine air, but some of the chief executives and business people in Davos came to the end of the week feeling slightly better than when they had arrived.There was still unease about the state of the eurozone and the global economy’s weakness, but their worst fears had not been reinforced.或许是因为阿尔卑斯山的空气，当齐聚达沃斯的一周临近结束时，一些首席执行官和商界人士的感觉比刚到这里的时候稍好。他们对于欧元区现状和全球经济疲弱仍感不安，不过，他们最大的担心并未加剧。

Europeans took heart from the guardedly upbeat mood among US businesses about domestic growth.Meanwhile, Americans were partly reassured after being told by European policymakers that the most likely outcome for the eurozone was muddling through, rather than collapse.美国企业对于国内经济增长的谨慎乐观情绪，令欧洲人感到振奋。与此同时，当从欧洲决策者的口中得知，欧元区最有可能的结果是勉强维持、而不是解体之后，美国人也稍稍松了口气。The World Economic Forum in Davos also provided exposure to professionals from emerging market growth economies, with both India and Brazil sending large contingents.Although nervousness rather than bullishness about economic recovery was the prevailing mood, there was little despair.What Shumeet Banerji, chief executive of Booz and Co, the management consultancy, described as “Bleak house, year four” felt a little less bleak.达沃斯世界经济论坛(World Economic Forum)也为新兴市场增长经济体的专业人士们提供了出头露面的机会，其中印度和巴西均派出了规模庞大的代表团。尽管对于经济复苏的忧虑（而非乐观）成为人们的主流情绪，但没有什么人感到绝望。管理咨询公司Booz and Co的首席执行官舒米特?班纳吉(Shumeet Banerji)口中的“荒凉之屋的第四个年头”，感觉上已不再那般荒凉。

The exception was the banking industry, which still faces deep troubles and a raft of regulations and capital standards.Some bankers have become heartily sick of being criticised, a mood that sometimes erupted in anger.When Lord Mandelson, a former UK minister, blamed the financial crisis on banks at one meeting, some in the audience hissed.银行业是一个例外，该行业仍面临着深层次的麻烦，以及大批的监管法规和资本标准。一些银行家对于遭受批评已是极度厌烦，这种情绪有时会演变成愤怒爆发出来。当英国前内阁大臣曼德尔森勋爵(Lord Mandelson)在一次会议上将金融危机归咎于银行时，招致了在座一些银行家的嘘声。

Business leaders also talked of nagging fears of an unpredictable new shock from the eurozone, the Middle East or China.A survey by PwC, the accountancy firm, found that business confidence had fallen sharply over the past year.“Many companies are nervous,” said Dennis Nally, PwC chairman.商界领袖们还谈到了来自于欧元区、中东或是中国的无法预测的新冲击，由此引发的担忧令人倍感不安。会计师事务所普华永道(PwC)的一项调查显示，过去一年中，企业信心大幅下滑。该公司董事长戴瑞礼(Dennis Nally)指出，“许多公司都感到紧张不安。”

Chief executives and policymakers were worried by the jobs crisis, particularly among young people.There were several discussions on how, if possible, to make advanced economies generate more jobs at a time of anaemic growth – and income disparity and social inequality produced by technological change and globalisation.首席执行官和决策者们则对就业危机、尤其是青年人群的就业危机感到忧心忡忡。如果可能的话，怎样才能在增长乏力的情况下，让发达经济体创造出更多的就业岗位？围绕这一问题，与会者展开了多次讨论。同样列为讨论内容的还有，由于技术变革和全球化造成的贫富分化及社会不公问题。

Many companies stressed their own operations were continuing to perform well – particularly when they have links to the boom in emerging markets.“When I went into sessions on Europe I came out feeling depressed,” said the head of one US bank.“But if you listen to Brazilians or Indians, you feel completely different.”许多公司都强调，其自身业务继续保持着良好的势头——尤其是当业务涉及繁荣发展的新兴市场时。一家美国银行的负责人谈到，“当我听取欧洲的业绩汇报时，感觉十分沮丧。而听到巴西人或是印度人汇报时，感觉则完全不同。” This prompted a renewed push on trade.The US Chamber of Commerce tried to use the forum to table a transatlantic trade pact that would reduce tariffs on goods.“People know we need to create growth, so all of a sudden there seems to be a groundswell behind this,” Tom Donohue, president of the chamber, said.这为贸易提供了新的推动力。美国商会(US Chamber of Commerce)试图利用此次论坛，提出一项跨大西洋、旨在削减商品关税的贸易协定草案。“人们知道我们必需创造增长，于是突然之间，我们似乎得到了山呼海啸般的舆情支持，”美国商会主席汤姆?多诺霍(Tom Donohue)表示。

At the same time there was a wider recognition that the traditional Davos agenda focusing on the benefits of globalisation and trade had a social cost.While it has been good for highly educated and mobile executives, many of whom throng to the forum, the west’s unskilled workers have suffered.与此同时，人们还形成了一种更为广泛的认识：达沃斯的议事日程通常将重点放在全球化及贸易所带来的好处上，而这产生了一定的社会成本。虽然这有利于接受过良好教育、且来去自由的管理人士（他们当中的许多人都来到了达沃斯），但那些技能低下的西方工人却遭受了打击。

Multinational companies said they faced pressure from investors and their employees to demonstrate a social purpose, rather than just maximising profits.“We can’t treat [corporate social responsibility] as separated from everything else – it is now core to what we do,” said Keith Weed, chief marketing officer of Unilever.跨国公司表示，它们面临着来自于投资者和员工的压力，要求公司彰显社会价值，而不仅仅是将利润最大化。“我们不能将企业社会责任与其他问题分离开来——如今它是企业运转的核心，”联合利华(Unilever)首席营销官基思?威德(Keith Weed)表示。

Not everyone agreed with a shift in approach.“Generally, companies are poor instruments of social policy and should stay away from that,” said Mr Banerji.“Good companies raise capital from markets, allocate it to projects and make profits along the way.If they did that well, there would be no problems.”并不是所有人都认同这种态度上的转变。“通常来说，企业是糟糕的社会政策工具，它们应该远离这一领域。”班纳吉说道，“优秀的企业是从市场获得资金，然后将资金配置到各个项目上，并从中赚取利润。如果它们把这些都做好了，就不会有问题。” The question is whether the economies of western countries will be stable and vibrant enough to encourage companies to do so – and to create jobs.问题在于，西方国家的经济是否具备足够的稳定性和活力，以刺激企业这样做——同时还要创造出就业机会。

George Soros, the philanthropist and former hedge fund manager, was gloomy about Europe’s chances, predicting a “vicious cycle” of deflation unless Germany acted to stimulate the eurozone.慈善家、曾担任对冲基金经理的乔治?索罗斯(George Soros)对欧洲的前景感到悲观。他预言，除非德国采取行动救助欧元区，否则欧元区将陷入通缩的“恶性循环”。

There were plenty of concerns in Davos about the economic outlook, yet, for many of those in business, things could have been worse.The times are difficult, but not entirely bleak.在达沃斯，人们对于经济前景的担忧不胜枚举。然而，对与许多商界人士而言，事情原本可能会更糟。世事艰难，但前景并非一片黯淡。

第五篇：翻译练习

1如果贯彻绝对公平，那么必然导致按劳分配；若按劳分配，将出现贫富不均；只有贫富均等，才能贯彻绝对公平。所以，（）。

A.必须实行按劳分配B.必须实行按需分配

C.必须贯彻绝对公平D.不能贯彻绝对公平

2.如果巴西或者日本成为常任理事国，那么印度和德国都将成为常任理事国。由此可见（）。

A.如果印度成为常任理事国，那么德国也将成为常任理事国

B.如果印度成为常任理事国，那么日本也将成为常任理事国

C.如果印度没有成为常任理事国，那么德国也没有成为常任理事国

D.如果印度没有成为常任理事国，那么日本也没有成为常任理事国

3.只有坚持科学发展观，才能实现可持续发展。为了子孙后代，我们必须实现可持续发展。由此可见（）。

A.我们必须加大宣传，重视环境保护

B.实现可持续发展必须和科学管理相结合C.为了子孙后代，我们必须坚持科学发展观

D.只要坚持科学发展观，就一定能实现可持续发展

4.如果今年的旱情仍在持续且人们抗旱不力，那么今年的农作物就会减产，并且农民的收入会降低。但是，多项证据表明，今年农民的收入不仅不会降低，反而会有所提高。据此，可以推出

A． 今年的旱情仍在持续，且人们抗旱不力

B． 今年的旱情仍在持续，或人们抗旱不力

C． 今年的旱情没有持续，或人们抗旱不力

D． 今年的旱情没有持续，且人们抗旱不力

5.如果天气晴朗，小刘就去郊游，如果老婆不与他同去，小刘就不去郊游；如果单位有急事，小刘就不去郊游；如果今天不是星期六，小刘就不去郊游。

假设以上说法正确，那么，如果小刘去郊游，则不能断定下述哪项正确？

A.老婆与小刘同去郊游

C.小刘单位没有急事B.天气晴朗D.今天是星期六

6.若GDP增长率大于3％，那么城市居民和农民的人均收入一定都增长了。假设以上推论是正确的，那么下列哪项一定正确？（）

A.城市居民和农民的人均收入都增长了，那么GDP增长率一定大于3％

B.城市居民的人均收入增长了，而农民的人均收入却减少了，那么GDP增长率一定小于或等于3％

C.如果GDP增长率小于或等于3%，城市居民的人均收入一定减少了

D.即使城市居民和农民的人均收入都减少了，GDP增长率也可能大于3％

7.“只有领导关心职工的需求，职工才可能全力以赴地工作”。

据此我们可以知道（）。

A.领导关心职工需求之后，职工就会全力以赴地工作

B.职工不尽心尽力工作，是由于领导不关心他

C.领导不关心职工的需求，职工一定不会全力以赴地工作

D.职工尽心尽力工作，只是因为领导关心他

8.如果阿根廷参加联盟，则巴西和智利将抵制联盟。如果巴西和智利有一国抵制联盟，那么联盟就会名存实亡。而联盟没有名存实亡。

从这段文字可以推出（）。

A.巴西没有参加联盟B.巴西参加联盟

D.阿根廷没有参加联盟 C.智利或巴西至少有一国没有参加联盟

9.为了胎儿的健康，孕妇一定要保持身体健康。为了保持身体健康，她必须摄取足量的钙质，同时，为了摄取到足量的钙质，她必须喝牛奶。据此可知()。

A.如果孕妇不喝牛奶，胎儿就会发育不好

B.摄取了足量的钙质，孕妇就会身体健康

C.孕妇喝牛奶，她就会身体健康

D.孕妇喝牛奶，胎儿就会发育良好

10.企业应事先征询气象预报，因为如果不这样，企业就不会生产出适销对路的产品。据此，可以推出：()

A.如果企业应事先征询气象预报，就会生产出适销对路的产品

B.企业只有事先征询气象预报，才会生产出适销对路的产品

C.企业事先征询气象预报，一定会提高经济效益和社会效益

D.因人类认识的局限，目前气象预报的准确率还未达到较高水平

答案：DDCCBDCDAB

（1）所有的安西人都是素食主义者，而所有的镇远人都是禁欲主义者，禁欲主义者与素食主义者形同水火、势不两立。而郭竖是禁欲主义者。由此可见（）。

A.郭竖是镇远人B.郭竖不是镇远人

C.郭竖是安西人D.郭竖不是安西人

(2)某镇有八个村，其中赵村所有的人都是在白天祭祀祖先，李庄所有的人都是在晚上才祭祀祖先。现在我们知道李明是晚上祭祀祖先的人。

由此，可以推断（）。

A.李明一定是赵村的人B.李明一定不是赵村的人

C.李明一定是李庄的人D.李明一定不是李庄的人

（3）所有能干的管理人员都关心下属的福利，所有关心下属的福利的管理人员在满足个人需求方面都很开明；在满足个人需求方面不开明的所有管理人员不是能干的管理人员，由此

可以推出（）。

A.不能干的管理人员关心下属的福利

B.有些能干的管理人员在满足个人需求方面不开明

C.所有能干的管理人员在满足个人需求方面开明

D.不能干的管理人员在满足个人需求方面开明

（4）在对某一社区13名成员的休闲生活情况的调查中发现，（1）喜欢游泳的成员不喜欢太极拳；

（2）不喜欢郊游的成员喜欢太极拳；

（3）喜欢郊游的成员不喜欢登山。

据此，可以推出

A.喜欢登山的成员不喜欢游泳

B.不喜欢游泳的成员不喜欢登山

C.喜欢太极拳的成员不喜欢郊游

D.喜欢太极拳的成员不喜欢登山

（5）所有电力公司职工都参加了抗雪救灾工作，某部武警官兵也参加了抗雪救灾工作。该部武警官兵强化了冬季军事训练。铁路部门的工作人员大多没有参加冬季军事训练，但都参加了抗雪救灾工作。

据此，下列各项判断除了哪项其余必然为真？（）

A．有的参加了抗雪救灾工作的人员是电力公司职工

B．某部武警官兵既参加抗雪救灾工作又强化冬季军事训练

C．有的铁路部门的工作人员参加了冬季军事训练

D．有的铁路部门的工作人员参加了抗雪救灾工作

（6）下列推理正确的一项是（）

A.只有启动电源开关，日光灯才亮，这盏日光灯不亮，所以没有启动电源开关

B.只有意思表示真实的行为才属民事法律行为。张、王二人的借贷行为是意思表示真实的行为，所以它们之间的借贷行为属于民事法律行为

C.如果黄某是本案的作案人，那么他就具有作案工具；如果黄某是本案的作案人，那么他就有作案时间。黄某既不具有作案工具，也没有作案时间，所以黄某不是本案的作案人

D.作案人是熟悉现场情况的人；这个公司的人是熟悉现场情况的人，所以这个公司的人是作案人，（7）小叶和小巫是好朋友，今天恰好是星期六，尽管下起小雨，小叶还是想找小巫玩，到玄武湖去划船或游泳。但是，小叶知道，只有不下雨，小巫才游泳或者划船。

由此可见()。

A．今天小巫不游泳也不划船B．今天小巫不游泳但划船。

C．今天小巫游泳但不划船D．今天小巫既游泳也划船

（8）如果选购了股票，则不能选购期货。只有投资期货，才能投资邮票，或者投资邮票，或者投资外汇。但是投资外汇风险太大，不能操作。据此，可以推出（）。

A.选购股票B.不选购股票

C.不投资邮票D.不投资期货

（9）如果生产下降或浪费严重，那么将造成物资匮乏。如果物资匮乏，那么或者物价暴涨，或者人民生活贫困。如果人民生活贫困，政府将失去民心。事实上物价没有暴涨，而且政府赢得了民心。由此可见（）

A.生产下降但是没有浪费严重B.生产没有下降但是浪费严重

C.生产下降并且浪费严重D.生产没有下降并且没有浪费严重

（10）有关专家指出，月饼高糖、高热量，不仅不利于身体健康，甚至演变成了“健康杀手”。月饼要想成为一种健康食品，关键是要从工艺和配料方面进行改良，如果不能从工艺和配料方面进行改良，口味再好，也不能符合现代人对营养方面的需求：由此不能推出的是：（）

A.只要从工艺和配料方面改良了月饼，即使口味不好，也能符合现代人对营养方面的需求

B.只有从工艺和配料方面改良了月饼，才能符合现代人对营养方面的需求

C.如果月饼符合了现代人对营养方面的要求，说明一定从工艺和配料方面进行了改良

D.没有从工艺和配料方面改良月饼，却能符合现代人对营养方面要求的情况是不可能存在的（11）在由发展中国向经济发达国家前进的过程中，大量资本支持是必不可少的条件，而高储率是获得大量资本的必要条件。就目前来说，中国正处于经济起飞时期，因此，储蓄率高是当前经济发展中的一种正常而合理的现象。

由此可以推出（）

A.有了大量的资本支持，就可以实现由发展中国向发达国家的跨越

B.有了高储蓄率，就可以获得大量的资本支持

C.如果没有获得大量的资本支持，说明储蓄率不高

D.如果没有高储蓄率，就不能实现向发达国家的转变

答案：DBCACCABDAD