第一篇：2014年中考复习建议及考前必读
2014年广东省中考数学复习建议
一、对教师的建议
2013年的中考是新课标颁发后的第一次中考，这次中考的命题方向对今后的中考有着十分重要的作用，分析研究2013年中考试题对2014年的中考复习有几点很值得我们教师思考。
1、重视基础，回归课本
基础知识，基本技能、基本方法始终是中考试题考查的重点。从2013年的中考试题看，对基础知识的考查占很大的比重，试卷以考查考生对四基的掌握情况为原则，重视基础，紧扣教材，回归课本，无偏题、怪题。整份试卷中有不少题目可以在教材上找到原型，很多题目考查的都是现行初中教材中最基本且重要的数学知识，所用到的方法也是通性通法，这样考查既体现了中考的公平、公正，也对中学数学教学和复习回归课本。
2、注重数学的实际应用
20123年试题利用贴近学生生活和本土的例子对数学知识应用进行考查，因此，复习备考时，将纯烽学知识融入生活的例子中，让学生参加实践活动。如统计一些事项，运用三角形全等，相似等知识测量物体高度等，同时也让学生从数学的角度去看问题，思考分析问题。
3、加强数学思想方法渗透
从2013年试题中，考察基本知识的同时非常注重数学思想方法的考察，数学思想是数学科学发生、发展的根本，也是数学课程教学的精髓。在复习备考时，我们要让学生挖掘和体会。
4、加强数学能力的提高
培养学生运算能力、空间想象力、逻辑思维能力，以及数学知识应用能力，科学设计课堂教学内容，优化数学结构体系，注重对学生数学能力的训练。
5、增强探索意积和精神
新课标的第四大部分为：《综合与实践》是为培养综合运用有关知识和方法解决实际问题、培养问题意识、应用意识、创新意识，这在2013年试题中有所体现，重视学生探索精神的考察，如第22题探索三个三角形的面积关系，第23题探索是否存在，第25题在运动变化过程中探索角度面积。因此2014年的复习备考中要增强学生探索意识精神，设计问题或学生自找问题进行探索和研究。
二、对学生的建议
1、回归课本，夯实基础
近年来中考数学有许多新题型，多数试题取材于教科书，试题的构成是在教科书中的例题、练习题、习题的基础上通过类比、加工改造、加强条件或减弱条件、延伸或扩展而成的，也就是说，教科书中的例题、练习题、习题为编拟中考数学试题提供了丰富的题源.所以，学生的学习要回到教材，认真研究教材，发挥教材的示范作用.数学的基本概念、性质、定理、思想方法是数学知识的核心，也是各种能力的基础.因此，在新课学习阶段务必要把教材中的基础知识、思想方法牢固掌握，引导学生理请知识体系.在复习阶段把各个局部知识按照一定的观点和方法组织成一个整体，形成系统.2、注重过程，发展能力
学习中，要将数学学习作为一种数学思维活动来进行，自己感受亲身经历数学问题的提出过程、解决方法的探索过程、问题结论的深化过程、方法能力的迁移过程.让自己在参与数学思维活动、经历知识产生发展过程,逐步提高数学能力.重视思维训练，突出数学思想方法的教学.3、关注生活，加强应用
新课标特别强调数学背景的“现实性”和“数学化”，.能用数学眼光认识世界，并能用数学知识和数学方法处理解决周围的实际问题.学习数学的最终目的就是应用，强化应用,一定要联系生产、生活的实际,要联系学生的实际.学习中要时常关注社会生活实际,编拟一些贴近生活,贴近实际,有着实际背景的数学应用性试题,引导学生学会阅读、审题、获取信息、解决问题.将实际问题抽象成数学模型，并进行解释与应用.使学生体会数学与人类社会的密切关系,增进对数学的理解,启迪学生平时关心生活,关注社会.特别要重视方程、函数、统计和解直角三角形在生活中的应用.4、科学训练，规范解题
运用变式训练，改变问题的呈现方式.克服熟能生笨的毛病.在夯实基础的前提下,善于将思维定势中解脱出来,养成多角度、多侧面分析问题的习惯,以培养思维的广阔性、缜密性和创新性.对例题、习题、练习题和复习题等,不能就题论题,要以题论法,以题为载体,变换试题，探究解法,研究与其他试题的联系与区别,挖掘出其中蕴涵的数学思想方法等,将试题的知识价值、教育价值一一解析.规范解题步骤是提高成绩的利器.在新课标下，一对一辅导比在校有很大的优势，在新课标下，中考的题目发生改变时不可避免的，中考题将由原来的考知识点变为考能力，考解题思路，考运用知识，所以在教学中，针对原来这三点，对不同的学生应有不同的教法，要创设不同的学习环境和学习氛围，而一对一辅导相比较大班教学更能针对学生因材施教，更能围绕这三点进行教学，使学生在中考中能发挥出更好的成绩。
三、考前必读--中考数学答题技巧及注意事项
一、做好心理准备
1.中考是人生旅程中的一次小战役，不必过度紧张；
2.适度紧张是追求上进同学的正常心态，有助于提高注意力，有利于提高思维速度；
3.中考是模拟考试的一次延续，总结经验，正常发挥.二、中考考什么
1、考心态
2、考基础 ：基础题占80﹪、答题要准确、规范、保持速度
3、考能力：能力20﹪、要挖掘充分、推理正确、演算精准、表达简明其中代数约占60分，几何约占50分，统计概率约占10分。
4、考考埸策略
三、常犯错误归类
1、单位----不漏写、不错写
2、检验----分式方程、列方程解应用题、函数自变量范围的考虑、韦达定理
3、答---作图题、应用性问题、综合题一定要写答
4、分类讨论
5、二次方程、二次函数中二次项系数能否为0的问题
6、特殊角的三角函数值
7、最后结果的化简
8、点的坐标的符号问题
四、重要解题方法和技巧
1、问题的简化、具体化、特殊化
2、有效利用数字信息
3、四大法宝---勾股定理、相似形、解直角三角形、二次函数的性质
4、最容易捕捉的5个知识点---人人过关
无论表面多么简单的问题，在“粗心大意”面前都是“温柔陷阱”；
无论表面多么复杂的问题，在“深入细致”面前都是“虚张声势”！
五、掌握应试技巧与注意事项
⑪审题和解题的关系：克服对审题重视不够，匆匆一看急于下笔的不严谨的做法，要吃透题目的条件与要求，更要挖掘题目中隐含条件，达到启发解题思路。只有耐心仔细地审题，准确地把握题目中的关键词,才能从中获取尽可能多的信息，才能迅速找准解题方向。
⑫“会做”与“得分”的关系：要将你的解题思路转化为得分点，主要靠准确、完整的推理和精确、严密的计算，要克服卷面上大量出现的“会而不对”“对而不全”的情况。只有重视解题过程的严密推理和精确计算，“会做”的题才能“得分”。
⑬快与准的关系：在目前题量大，时间紧的情况下，“准”字则尤为重要。只有“准”才能得分，只有“准”才可不必考虑再花时间检查，而“快”是平时训练的结果，不是考场上所能解决的问题，一味求快，只会落得错误百出。适当地慢一点，准一点，可多得一点分；相反，快一点，错一片，花了时间还得不到分。⑭难题与容易题的关系：做中考试题要按先易后难，先简后繁的顺序作答，要合理安排时间，不要在某个卡住的题上打“持久战”，这样会造成既耗费时间又拿不到分，会做的题目又被耽误了的严重后果。把会做的题目先做完，再去攻不会做的题，这样既能得分，又能产生心理上的胜利效果，平静下来再做难题可能就迎刃而解了。
⑮怎样做选择题：要看完所有选项，解完后不要立即检查。第一个选择题一定要做两遍，这样有利于保证正确率。常用的方法有观察、计算、淘汰、看图形、特殊值法。采用淘汰法和代入检验法可节省时间。
⑯怎样做填空题：注意题目的隐含条件，比如二次项系数不为0,实际问题中的整数等；要注意是否带单位，表达式一定是最终化简结果；
⑰怎样做解答题：
①做题顺序:先易后难，一般按照试题顺序做,实在做不出来,可先放一放,先做别的题目,不在一道题上花费太多的时间,而影响其他题目;做题慢的同学,要掌握好时间,力争一遍净;做题速度快的同学要注意做题的质量,要细心,不要马虎（提议：每位同学都要准备手表，确保时间）.纯二次式题考虑会用到一元一次方程根与系数关系或二次函数的性质；最后一大题最后一大题为代数几何综合题，第1小题中下等水平的学生都会做，不要被大题吓着了。
②解答题中的较容易题，要认真细致，如第1小题你一定会做，要做两遍，做完就检查，确保会做的题一定得满分。分式方程要检验，判别式与一元二次方程根与系数的解答题中，要注意一元二次方程二次项系数a不为0，作图题要用铅笔，因为用电脑改卷，用铅笔作图的痕迹一定要深，否则在电脑上看不到。解题过程要规范.设置一定区域，不可超出答题区域。
③求点的坐标;作垂线段,求垂线段的长,再根据所在象限决定其符号.注意用坐标表示线段的长度时,要注意长度是正值,在负坐标前加负号.④求最值问题要注意利用函数，没有函数关系的，自己构造函数，要注意数学问题的最值不一定是实际问题的最值，要注意自变量的取值范围。
⑤概率题；若是二步事件，或放回事件，一般用列表法；若是三步事件，或不放回事件，一般用树状图。如无要求一定用列表法建议用树状图，不易出错。⑥折叠问题：A 要注意折叠前后线段、角的变化；B 通常要设未知数，C 利用勾股定理构造方程
⑦分类讨论思想的使用：未给出图形的题目要注意是否会有不同情况,画出不同的图形
⑧应用题：找等量关系，是为了构造方程，不等关系是列不等式，求解后，要注意验根，是否符合实际问题，要记着取舍
⑨动态问题,要注意点线的对应关系,用局部的变化来反映整体变化,通常利用平行得相似,注意临界状态,临界状态往往是自变量取值的分界线.注意特殊量的使用,如等腰三等形中的三线合一,正方形中的45度角,都是做题的关键;⑩综合题：例如广东省2013年的解答题
（二）包括：纯二次式题、纯平面几何题和代数几何综合题各一道，每题9分。最后一大题为代数几何综合题一般分为好几步，逐步递进；注意大前提和各小题的小前提，不要弄混；注意前后问题的联系，前面得出的结论后面往往要用到；若第一小题不会做，可直接利用第1小题的结论作为解第2或3小题的条件。大题可条件入手,可以多写一些结论,看哪个结论对作题有帮助,实在做不下去时,再审题,看看是否还有条件没有用到,需不需要做辅助线;从结论入手,逆向思维,正着答题。
六、中考前最后一周做什么
有的同学觉得学习的差不多了，平时太苦太累了，好好放松一下，然后再考试，甚至有的学校，老师,家长也让学生放松，娱乐一下，再考试,认为这样能考出好成绩,但经验告诉我们，这样做前功尽弃，多数同学根本考不出好成绩！那么临考前一周如何复习数学呢？
⑪要将以前做过的试卷，整理一下，选择以前做错的题,不会做的习题要重作一遍。
⑫看看课本上的定义、公式、定理，例题，做一些你自己感觉掌握地不太好的课本的习题。
⑬总结一下以前考试失败的经验和教训。
⑭选择一些考过的中考试卷和模拟试卷，进行模拟训练，做好临战前的热身，保持一种随时投入战斗的态势！
特别注意：考前不要过度放松自己！不要做过量的运动！因为以前我们有过这样的教训,有的考生平时学习很好,有人建议他考前唱歌,爬山,跑步,听音乐,说这样能考出好成绩,他按别人的建议做了.结果,考试失败，后悔莫及。
七、考前一晚做什么？做好物质准备
⑪.清点一下用具是否带全(整理袋、黑色钢笔（或签字笔）、2B铅笔、橡皮、圆规、直尺、三角板、普通铅笔。)
⑫把一些常用公式、重要定理“过过电影”。
⑬ 难记易忘的公式开考后事先写在草稿纸上。
八、上考埸了，考埸上的策略：
①开考前不要浪费阅卷的十五分钟，十五分钟可动脑不动笔地尽量多做选择题。
②仔细审题，重点标注，不要丢三落四；
③顺序答题，遇难则弃，确保会而不失；
④放松心情，回而攻坚，往往柳暗花明；
⑤预留时间，回头检查，批判性地审视。
⑥同一题中前问不会可做后问，分分必争。
第二篇：中考英语语法考前冲刺必读
2009中考英语语法考前冲刺必读：十大状语从句汇编
时间：2009年05月31日
作者：匿名
来源：本站原创
状语从句有很多，其中时间状语从句、条件状语从句是最主要的。它的时态由主从句相呼应来决定，条件状语从句表达将来的情况，但主句为一般将来时，从句为一般现在时态；时间状语从句则“主将从现，主过从过”，过包括一般过去时和过去进行时两种情况。结果状语从句也很重要，其次是原因、目的、让步、方式和比较状语从句，这些从句的时态主从句一致即可。这些从句已经在“连词”中复习到了。
热身训练
1.The children were leaving school on Tuesday _______ they saw an accident。
A.when
B.while
C.because D.after
2.We won't go to the park __ it is fine tomorrow。
A.if
B.when
C.because D.unless
3.We'll see Uncle Wang this Sunday if it ___。
A.won't rain B.isn't rain
C.doesn't rain
D.didn't rain
4.——What was the party like?
——Wonderful.It's years ___ I enjoyed myself so much。
A.after
B.when
C.before D.since
5.None of them knew it ______ the teacher told them。
A.when B.until
C.after
D.though
6.——I hope you'll enjoy your holiday, Tom。
——Thank you, grandma.I'll call you ______ I arrive there。
A.as soon as B.when
C.before D.until
7.She ______ Chinese since she came to China。
A.studied B.was studying
C.has studied
D.is studying
8.Someone knocked at the door ______ I was answering the telephone。
A.while B.because
C.but D.as soon as
9.You should make a plan ____ you do everything important。
A.when B.before
C.after D.if
10.——I don't know _____ he will come tomorrow。
——Don't worry._______ he comes, I'll let you know。
A.when；If
B.if；Whether
C.if；If
D.whether，Whether 09中考英语作文指导训练2：应用文15种
时间：2009年05月06日
作者：匿名
来源：网络
二、应用文训练
1、日记
根据中英文提示，与一篇日记，记叙一次(西塞山)郊游。(短文的开头已经给出。)
要求：1.短文应包括汉语和英语提示内容。2.语句通顺，意思连贯。
3.书写工整，卷面整洁，标点符号正确。4.字数不少于80个英语单词。
Sunday, May 1st
I got to school very early.Our class took a special bus to Xisai Mount.We got to
the foot of the mount at 8:30.We began climbing the mount soon.On our way the air was so fresh and the scenery was so beautiful.Everybody was talking and laughing.We reached the top at about 10:00.The Yangtze River appeared in the north, and over
the river there was a great bridge.We felt very relaxed.Seeing some birds flying in
the sky, I suddenly remembered a popular poem of Tang dynasty.“ Birds are flying
in front of Xisai Mount ,„”.I kept feeling proud of our city.2、邀请信
下星期一是Jenny的生日，她的父母亲要在家里给她办一个晚会。Jenny要邀请些朋友参加，晚会6：30开始。请你帮她写信邀请Jane。日期是5月18日。
May18th
Dear Jane，I'd like to invite you to join my birthday party.Next Monday is my birthday.My parents will hold a party for me at home.It will begin at half past six.I'm looking forward to seeing you soon.Sincerely yours，Jenny
3、感谢信
Jenny 邀请Jane在星期一参加生日晚会。但是Jane 那天晚上要参加数学考试，没时间去。请帮Jane写一封信表示感谢，她同时送上一份礼物，以示祝贺。时间是5月20日。
May20th，Dear Jenny，I'm glad to hear your good news.Thank you for inviting me to your birthday party.But I'm afraid I can't come.Because I'll have a math exam on Monday evening.Here is a gift for you.I hope you will love it.Happy birthday!
Sincerely yours，Jane
4、书信:
根据中文大意，写出意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于50词的短文。
假设你叫王明，昨天收到了笔友David的e-mail，得知他不久要到北京来学习中文。他想了解如何学好中文。请你用英文给他回复一封e-mail，介绍学习中文的体会和方法，提出你的建议，以及表达你帮助他学好中文的愿望。
Dear David，I'm glad to hear that you will come to Beijing to learn Chinese.Chinese is very useful, and many foreigners are learning it now.It is difficult for you because it is quite different from English.You have to remember as many Chinese words as possible.It is also important to do some reading and writing.You can watch TV and listen to the radio to practice your listening.Do your best to talk with people in Chinese.You can learn Chinese not only from books but also from people around you.If you have any questions, please ask me.I'm sure you will learn Chinese well.Hope to see you soon in Beijing.Yours，Wang Ming
5、发言稿
假定你班今天下午要开一次以Keep Our School Clean为主题的英语班会，请以班长的身份准备一篇70词左右的发言稿。
提示：不随地吐痰，不乱扔垃圾，不在墙壁上乱涂乱画，每天保持教室内外清洁等(不要逐句翻译)
Good afternoon, everyone!
We're studying in this school.It's our duty to keep it clean and tidy.It's not polite to spit in public places, such as in the library, in the classroom.We should neither draw pictures on the walls nor throw any litter onto the ground.I think we must make it a rule to do some cleaning every day.If everyone tries his best to do something useful for our school will be more beautiful.That's all.Thank you!
6、通知
A.明天(星期五)全班同学将去参观科学博物馆(the Science Museum)，由你(班长)通知全体同学。(通知的开头和结尾已给出)内容如下：
1.早上8点钟在校门口集合，步行前往。
2.下星期一交一份有关参观的报告。
3.参观时要认真听，仔细看并记下有趣的东西。
4.不可在博物馆内大声喧哗及拍照。
5.带笔和笔记本。
要求：①不要逐句翻译。②字数60～80。
Fellow students，We are going to visit the Science Museum tomorrow.We will meet at the school gate at eight in the morning and we will go there on foot.Take your pens and notebooks with you.We should listen and watch carefully and write down something interesting when you visit the museum.Please don't make any noise in the museum and don't take any pictures.You will have to hand in a report about the visit next Monday.Thank you.B.请你以校长室的名义拟写一个书面通知，告诉同学们明天去参加植树活动。
提示：明天是植树节，天气暖和。你们不上课，去公园植树。早晨八点在学校门口集合，骑自行车去。中午在那里吃饭，请带好水和食物。(词数：50-70words)
NOTICE
Tomorrow is Tree Planting Day.It is warm.You will have no classes.We shall plant trees in the park.We will meet at the school gate at 8:00 in the morning and go there by bike.We will have lunch
there.Please bring some water and food with you.Don't be late.Headmaster Office
Mar.11,2004
7、启事(寻物和招领)
A.假设你叫高迪，是高一(2)班的学生。你在10月16日晚上把一本《牛津高级英汉双解字典》丢在阅览室里，用英语写一则寻物启事，贴在餐厅前的留言板上，请捡到者交给你或你班班长。启事时间：10月17日
Lost
October 17th
On the evening of October 16th, I left my Oxford Advanced Learner's English-Chinese Dictionary in the reading-room.It is new.Will the finder please send it to me in Class Two, senior Grade One or to our monitor? Thank you very much.Gao Di
B.玛丽捡到戒指一枚，她在宿舍门口贴了一张非常简单的失物招领。她的电话是235-0285。请写出这一启事。
8、广告
彼得的服装店开张了。请根据提示写一则广告。
Come to, T-shirts($5, in all colors), sweaters($17, orange), shoes($12, green), cheap
Come to Peter's Clothing Store.Do you like T-shirts? Do you like them cheap? We have T-shirts in all colors at $5 each.Do you need sweaters and shoes? We have orange sweaters for just $17!And green shoes for just $12.And that's not all.Can you believe it? Come down to Peter's and see for yourself!
9、海报
请以学生会的名义为中国电影《天下无贼》写一份海报，内容如下：
1.导演：冯小刚
2.名星: 刘德华, 刘若英, 葛尤, 李冰冰
3.地点：学校电影院
4.时间：2005年11月20日(星期天)下午6:30
5.组织者：学生会
6.海报发出时间：2005年11月14日
POSTER
A WORLD WITHOUT THIEVES
Chinese film
Director: Feng Xiaogang
Stars: Liu Dehua, Liu Ruoying, Ge You, Li Bingbing
Time: Sunday, at 6:30 p.m.November20th
Place: at the school cinema
Ticket Price: $ 6
the Students' Union
November14th 2005
10、名片
陈欣是泉州一中的音乐老师，请为制作一张简易的英文文名片卡，提示如下：
地址：中山路86号 邮编：100037
电话：0595-88488970 手机：*** E-mail：Chxin@yahoo.com
School: _______N0.1 Middle School of Quanzhou
Name: Chen Xin
Profession: Music Teacher
Family Address: No.86 Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou
Tel: 0595-88488970 ***(mobile)
E-mail: Chxin@yahoo.com
11、贺卡
教师节到了，全班同学要送一份贺卡和一些鲜花给Miss Green, 请你替班级填写这张贺卡。
12、明信片
Jenny正在北京玩，她昨天去参观长城，很快乐。她要把长城介绍给她的父母，长城大约6500公里长，用大石头在大山上建成的，她很高兴自己成为一个真正的好汉。请帮她写一份明信片，上面有一张长城的图片。时间是2月4日，星期四。地址是加拿大阿尔伯特省艾得蒙顿市公园路522号。
Thursday, February 4th
Dear Mom and Dad，We are having fun in Beijing.Yesterday I visited the Great Wall.It is about more than 6500 kilometers long.It is so long and so great.Do you know? It is mostly made of big stones.It is made at the top of the big mountains.Here is a picture of it for you.I'm proud of myself because I have become a true man.I miss you.Love，Jenny
stamp
Mr.and Mrs.Smith
522 Park Road
Edmonton, Alberta
Canada T2k 5g6
13、请假条
假如你叫李明，因患重感冒今明两天不能上学。请你参考下面方框中所给的词语，给你的外籍英语教师写一张请假条，说明你这两天不能上学的原因。
(not feel well, a bad cold, stay in bed, can't go to school, two days, get well soon)
June6
Dear Mr.Green，I'm sorry to tell you that I am not feeling well.Because I have a bad cold.The doctor says I should stay in bed.And I can't go to school.I have to have two days' off.I think I will get well soon.Li Ming
14、留言条
Sam的妈妈早上很早出门，给他留下一张留言条，要他在家里做一些事情。根据提示，补充这张留言条。
提示：洗车，扫地，洗碗，洗衣，喂狗，练钢琴
15、电子邮件
李明要到加拿大上大学，必须找一间住房。请帮他发一封电子邮件给Jenny, 叫她帮忙找一间较便宜的房间(大约150美元)，因为那里的房租较贵。李明的邮箱是Liming @163.com, Jenny的邮箱是Jenny@compmail.ca
From: Liming @163.com To: Jenny@compmail.ca
Subject Help Rent a Room Date 30/06 9:04AM
Dear Jenny，I'm going to study in Canada, so I'll have to find a room to live in.I know housing is very expensive there.Please help me find a room at a lower price(about 150 dollars).Please e-mail me if you have any good news.I am looking forward to seeing you soon.Yours，Li Ming 09中考英语作文指导训练3：命题作文
时间：2009年05月06日
作者：匿名
来源：网络
三、命题作文训练
A.写人
1、以“ My Mother ”为题，用英语写一篇短文。要点：
① 妈妈是护士，在县人民医院工作。她工作努力，工作中严格要求自己，因此，她的同事们对他评价很高;
② 2003年参加抗击“非典”的战斗。为了保护我们免受“非典”的侵害，一个多月没回家。当时，我非常想念妈妈;③ 我爱妈妈，并为妈妈而自豪。
参考词汇：县 county;抗击fight against;战斗battle;
非典 SARS;
My mother
My mother is a nurse.She works in the People's Hospital of our county.She works very hard.She is very strict with herself in the work.So her workmates speak highly of her.In 2003 she took part in the battle to fight against “SARS”.She was away from home for more than one month.So I missed her very much, but I knew she was trying her best to protect us from “SARS” and she was doing an important thing.I love my mother very much, and I am very proud of having such a great mother.I should learn the spirit of working hard and being strict in the work from her.When I grow up, I would like to be a person like my mother.2、根据材料写一篇关于运动员张怡宁的报道：
Name Zhang Yining sex girl City Beijing
Birth 1982.10.5 height 1.68m weight 52 kilos
Achieve-ments 六岁开始学习乒乓球，在1999年45届世乒赛上(the 45th Table Tennis World Championships)显示非凡的实力，获得亚军。在2004年的雅典奥运会(Athens Olympic Games)上夺得金牌。在刚刚结束的国际世乒赛(ITTF)上夺得女子单打冠军，成为乒乓球领域中的顶尖。
I'd like to introduce a girl to you.Her name is Zhang Yining.She was born in Beijing in 1982.She is 1.68 meters tall and weighs 52 kilos.At the age of six, she began to play table tennis.In 1999, she won the second at the 45th Table Tennis World Championships.In the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, she won the first.And now she won the women's singles at the ITTF World Cup.She becomes the top of the table tennis field.We hope she will make greater progress in the future.3、在初中三年的学习生活中，你一定交了不少好朋友，留下了许多美好的回忆。请以“My Best Friend Tom/Mary” 为题，写一篇100词左右的短文，介绍一位你最要好的朋友，男生姓名用Tom;女生姓名用Mary统一代替。
内容要求：
1、他/她的外貌特征和个性特点;
2、你们一起经历的一件你印象特别深刻的事情。
注 意：严禁使用真实的校名和姓名
My Best Friend Tom
Tom is my best friend.He has short hair and wears a pair of glasses.He is shorter but a little bit stronger than I am.In my eyes, he is a clever and brave boy.One day we went to school by bus together as usual.The bus was so crowded at the rush time.“Oh, my god!Where's my wallet?” A woman beside us cried suddenly.We thought there must be a thief around us, and we tried to help her but failed in the end.The next stop was coming and the woman became more worried.Just then Tom rushed to the driver quickly and told him what happened.All the passengers were taken to the police station and the thief was caught.We were late for class that morning;however, we felt excited at that unusual experience.B.状物
1、以My hometown为题，介绍家乡的地理、气候、风景、人文和风俗习惯等。字数约80个。
My hometown is in Kunming.Kunming is the capital of Yunnan province.Kunming is also a very beautiful city.It is called the “City of Eternal Spring”, because it has spring-like climate all the year round.The Crossbridge Rice Noodles are famous traditional food of Yunnan.There is a famous exposition centre in Kunming.It is in the northern suburbs of Kunming.The Exposition's theme is “Man and Nature-Marching into the 21st Century”.And in Yunnan there are twenty-six nationalities.It is a big family.Welcome to my hometown.2、以My family为题，介绍家庭基本情况，字数约80个。
3、我市刚建成一座图书馆，请根据信息，用英文简短介绍：
1、时间：竣工：2006年6 月;开放：2006年7月
2、地址：在中山路，与科学博物馆相邻, 对面是公园。
3、馆内设施：
三层 会议室(22个座位)电脑室(50台)
二层 卫生间 Room for storing Books(10万册)
一层 咨询台 阅览室 阅览室 Children's Home
A big library has been built for people in our city.It was finished in June, 2006.It will be open in July.The library is on Zhongshan Road, next to the Science Museum.On the other side of the road, there's a park.There are three floors in the library.On the first floor, there are two reading rooms, and there're many kinds of books in it.On the second floor, there is a washing room and a room for storing books.It has about 10,000 books.On the third floor, there's a big meeting room and a computer room.The computer room has fifty computers.Books are my best friends.We should love books.Because they give us knowledge and make us happy.4、中国加入 WTO 后，有一大批外国人来我市--泉州参观。假设你是导游，请根据以下内容，向外宾简单介绍我市的情况。
要求： 1.100 词左右;2.要点包括： a.有悠久的历史，位于福建省的东部，离福州 198 公里，人口约 524 万。b.有许多名胜古迹，如清源山;东湖等等;东湖是一个很美丽的地方，湖水清澈，无污染;湖中有各种各样的鱼;你可以到那里划船，野餐，钓鱼，是度假的好去处。你也可以去参观市博物馆，在那里你可以看到许多恐龙化石(fossil)。c.祝大家在泉州玩得愉快。
Ladies and gentlemen，Welcome to Quan Zhou, now let me introduce our city-Quan Zhou to you.Quan Zhou is a city with a long history.It is in the northeast of Guangdong and 198 kilometers away from Guangzhou.It has a population of 5,240,000.There are many places of interest in Quan Zhou, such as Qingyuan Mountain, East Lake and so on.East Lake is a beautiful place.The water is clean and not polluted.There are all kinds of fish in it.You can go boating, go fishing and have a picnic there.It is really a good place to spend your holiday.Besides, you can go and visit Quan Zhou n Museum.There you can see a lot of dinosaur egg fossils.I hope you can enjoy yourselves in Quan Zhou.Thank you.C.记事
1、根据中文提示和英文提示词语，写一篇意思连贯、符合逻辑的短文。所给英文提示词语必须用上。字数60～70左右。
1、昨天晚上我和妈妈出去散步。
2、在路上我遇到了一个外国人。
3、他向我询问去温泉饭店(the Hot Spring Hotel)的路。
4、我告诉他沿着路往前走，在第三个转弯处向左拐就能看见饭店。
5、他非常感谢我，我也为能帮他而感到高兴。
提示词语：go out for a walk, on the road, the way to, walk along, on the left, thank for, be happy that
Yesterday evening, I went out for a walk with my mother.On the road, we met a foreigner.He asked me the way to the Hot Spring Hotel.I told him to walk along the road and take the third turning on the left, then he could see the hotel.He thanked me very much for my help.I was happy that I could help him.D.议论
1、同学们，看到下面的四幅图片及相应的报道后，你感到最担忧的是哪两种情形?请简述你担忧的理由并提出建议或希望。要求：
⒈ 从所给素材中任选两种情形进行阐述，不可多选或少选。
⒉ 条理清楚，意思连贯，语句通顺，标点正确;⒊ 词数 80 ～ 100。
参考词汇： 建议 suggest v.suggestion n.气体 gas n.污染 pollution n.THE POLLUTIONS
① One third of the world's people don't have enough clean water.② More and more diseases are caused by polluted air.③ People are disturbed quite often by kinds of noises.④ Every person in our city makes about 1.8 kilos of rubbish every day.The environment is becoming worse and worse.There are many kinds of pollution I worry about.The most serious two are water pollution and air pollution, because people can't live healthily with dirty water and polluted air, nor can animals.More and more diseases are caused by polluted air.I think factories should not pour dirty water into the river directly or produce more waste gas.We'd better go on foot or by like instead of by car, because more cars mean more waste gas.We should make our world more and more beautiful.E.任务型小作文
1、Li Lei生病，去看医生，请帮他描述病情，并帮医生向Li Lei提建议。
Li Lei: I'm not feeling well today.I think I have a headache.And I have got a cough._____.(不少于2句)
Doctor: You should eat some medicine and lie down for a rest.You had better drink more water.Don't talk too much.(不少于3个建议)
2、小明和小华是在“手拉手”活动中结成的一对学习伙伴。前不久，小明来信向小华询问如何学好英语。请你以小华的名义给他写封回信。内容包括：
A、学习英语的基本方法(listen carefully;speak much;read widely;learn...by heart;practice writing;...);
B.你的体会和其他建议。
词数：80词左右。信的开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Xiao Ming，I'm glad to receive your letter.In your letter you asked me about how to learn English well.I think you must listen carefully and be active in class.Speak as much as possible.Don't be afraid of making mistakes.You'd better read widely and learn some important parts by heart.You should practice writing often.Of course there are many other ways.You can also see English films, learn to sing English songs or make pen pals with foreigners.They are all very helpful.Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.I'm sure you'll learn English well.Yours，Xiao Hua
3、假如你是泉州清源山风景区的管理人员，请你用英语为游客订出一些规章制度，内容包括：环境卫生保护、森林防火安全、乱涂乱刻(crave)、树木保护、人身安全等，至少5句。
Notice to the Tourists
1、Please keep the place clean and tidy.2、Don't throw rubbish onto the ground.3、No smoking is allowed.4、Don't use fire on the mountains.5、Don't cut down the trees
6、Don't crave on the trees.Please be careful when you climb up and down the mountains.09中考英语作文指导训练4：常考典型句子
时间：2009年05月06日
作者：匿名
来源：网络
四、重视检查
1、主谓一致：
2、时态搭配
3、状语
4、名词复数
5、单词拼写
五、常考主题的典型句子
1、环保
1.It's our duty to protect our environment.2.It is very important to take care of our environment
3.We should not throw litter onto the ground
4.We should not spit in a public place/ cut down the trees
5.We should plant more flowers and trees.6.We must pick up some rubbish and throw it into a dustbin
7.If everyone makes contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.2、旅游
1.Last Sunday(Saturday,„),it was sunny(rainy, windy, foggy,)
2.I got up very early(late).After breakfast I went to „with my friends by bike, bus，„
3.We enjoyed ourselves.4.We forgot the time.We didn't come back until 5 o'clock.5.We all felt very tired, but we were happy.6.I thought I would never forget this trip.7.Last summer, my parents and I went to Beijing for our holidays.8.We visited a lot of places of interest.9.We had a good time there.10.We bought a lot of things.The clothes here are good and cheap.3、比赛
1.Last Sunday, Class One had a football match with Class Two.2.All of us went to watch it.3.The match was very exciting.4.In fact, I have never seen such an exciting match before.5.The score was 5-3.Our team scored three goals in the last fifteen minutes.6.Class One won this match.Class Two lost.7.Class One played well.They deserved to win.8.Their PE teacher was very pleased with their performance.4、健康
1.It is very important to keep healthy.2.How can we keep healthy?
3.We can't go to sleep too late.We can't get up too late.4.We should eat the food healthily.5.We should do more exercise.6.Last Tuesday I got a cold and had a pain in my head.7.I didn't feel like eating anything.8.I decided to see the doctor.9.In the doctor's office, the doctor looks over me carefully.10.He said :“Nothing serious.” And he told me to take a rest and drink more water.11.A nurse gave me an injection.It was a little painful.12.The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day.13.A few days later, I felt better.From then on I believe that keeping healthy is the most important thing in the world.5、学科
1.My favorite subject is English.2.More than three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.3.It is used by travelers and business people all over the world.4.China has joined the WTO and the Olympic Games will be held in China.English becomes more and more useful.5.So English is very important and I like English very much.6.We have a lot of fun in the English class.7.Our English teacher often makes us happy in the English class.8.I hope I can go abroad one day, and then I can speak to foreigners in English.9.I like English and try my best to learn it.6、节日
1.In China the most important holiday is the Spring Festival.2.It comes in January or February.3.On the Spring Festival Eve people have a big dinner.They have a lot of nice food to eat.4.During the Spring Festival people have a lot of interesting things to do.5.People visit their relatives and friends.6.They greet each other with a hug and say, “Happy New Year”.7.As China is a big country, people in different places celebrate this holiday in different ways.7、写人
1.His name is Jack.2.He was born in London in 1982.3.He is 1.68 meters tall and weighs 52 kilos.4.He is 20 years old.5.He comes from England.6.He is a good ping-pong player.7.He is medium build.8.He has short hair.9.He is outgoing.Every one likes to talk with him.He gets on well with us.10.He teaches English very well.11.He works very hard.He works in No.5 Middle School.12.He loves watching football games after work.13.He often helps me with my English.14.At the age of six, he began to play table tennis.8、生活
1.Jim got up very early.2.Jim cleaned the room and do the housework.3.Jim went to shop and did some shopping.4.Jim did some cooking.5.Jim fed the cat.6.Jim sweeps the floor.7.He washes the dishes.8.He has lunch at school.9.It is a busy day.He is very tired.But he feels happy.09年中考英语满分作文指导：常考八类典型句子
时间：2009年05月06日
作者：匿名
来源：网络
常考主题的典型句子
1、环保
1.It's our duty to protect our environment。
2.It is very important to take care of our environment
3.We should not throw litter onto the ground
4.We should not spit in a public place/ cut down the trees
5.We should plant more flowers and trees。
6.We must pick up some rubbish and throw it into a dustbin
7.If everyone makes contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful。
2、旅游
1.Last Sunday(Saturday,„),it was sunny(rainy, windy, foggy,)
2.I got up very early(late).After breakfast I went to „with my friends by bike, bus，„
3.We enjoyed ourselves。
4.We forgot the time.We didn't come back until 5 o'clock。
5.We all felt very tired, but we were happy。
6.I thought I would never forget this trip。
7.Last summer, my parents and I went to Beijing for our holidays。
8.We visited a lot of places of interest。
9.We had a good time there。
10.We bought a lot of things.The clothes here are good and cheap。
3、比赛
1.Last Sunday, Class One had a football match with Class Two。
2.All of us went to watch it。
3.The match was very exciting。
4.In fact, I have never seen such an exciting match before。
5.The score was 5-3.Our team scored three goals in the last fifteen minutes。
6.Class One won this match.Class Two lost。
7.Class One played well.They deserved to win。
8.Their PE teacher was very pleased with their performance。
4、健康
1.It is very important to keep healthy。
2.How can we keep healthy?
3.We can't go to sleep too late.We can't get up too late。
4.We should eat the food healthily。
5.We should do more exercise。
6.Last Tuesday I got a cold and had a pain in my head。
7.I didn't feel like eating anything。
8.I decided to see the doctor。
9.In the doctor's office, the doctor looks over me carefully。
10.He said :“Nothing serious.” And he told me to take a rest and drink more water。
11.A nurse gave me an injection.It was a little painful。
12.The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day。
13.A few days later, I felt better.From then on I believe that keeping healthy is the most important thing in the world。
5、学科
1.My favorite subject is English。
2.More than three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English。
3.It is used by travelers and business people all over the world。
4.China has joined the WTO and the Olympic Games will be held in China.English becomes more and more useful。
5.So English is very important and I like English very much。
6.We have a lot of fun in the English class。
7.Our English teacher often makes us happy in the English class。
8.I hope I can go abroad one day, and then I can speak to foreigners in English。
9.I like English and try my best to learn it。
6、节日
1.In China the most important holiday is the Spring Festival。
2.It comes in January or February。
3.On the Spring Festival Eve people have a big dinner.They have a lot of nice food to eat。
4.During the Spring Festival people have a lot of interesting things to do。
5.People visit their relatives and friends。
6.They greet each other with a hug and say, “Happy New Year”。
7.As China is a big country, people in different places celebrate this holiday in different ways。
7、写人
1.His name is Jack。
2.He was born in London in 1982。
3.He is 1.68 meters tall and weighs 52 kilos。
4.He is 20 years old。
5.He comes from England。
6.He is a good ping-pong player。
7.He is medium build。
8.He has short hair。
9.He is outgoing.Every one likes to talk with him.He gets on well with us。
10.He teaches English very well。
11.He works very hard.He works in No.5 Middle School。
12.He loves watching football games after work。
13.He often helps me with my English。
14.At the age of six, he began to play table tennis。
8、生活
1.Jim got up very early。
2.Jim cleaned the room and do the housework。
3.Jim went to shop and did some shopping。
4.Jim did some cooking。
5.Jim fed the cat。
6.Jim sweeps the floor。
7.He washes the dishes。
8.He has lunch at school。
9.It is a busy day.He is very tired.But he feels happy。
第三篇：中考历史考前复习
中考历史考前复习“四字诀”
编者按：复习的方法固然重要，但不得不提醒大家注意的是：新课学习更重要，只有学习新课时牢牢地把握住基础知识，复习时才会起到事半功倍的效果。如果一味信赖于复习，在学习新课时不注重对基础知识的巩固，想搞一锤子买卖，那就会“搬起石头砸自己的脚”了。
当然到了最后冲刺阶段，临时抱一下佛脚，也不是不可以的。俗话说，临阵磨枪，不快也光嘛！
面对即将到来的中考，说没有压力、不紧张是不真实的。不过，我注意到几乎每一所学校都以练习或试卷来打发最后时光。练习当然有必要。关键是否有效。同样是练习，如果形式不同，策略有异，效果可能大不一样，尤其在眼下课堂时间非常宝贵的情况下，更要注意科学谋划，合理分配。因为方法得当，效率才会提高。虽然校情不同，我认为目前的中考考前复习仍有一些共性东西值得关注。中考日益临近，考前这一段时间究竟如何安排比较合理？结合教学实际，我认为以下四点需要注意，仅供参考：
一、读
读书读书，书是用来读的。临近考试也不例外。目前的中考试题难度不可能太大，但是考试时间有限，只有一个小时，对于开卷考试的地区，如果考生每一道题都要翻书，时间肯定来不及，再加上有些同学不熟悉教材，翻书速度慢，效果就可想而知。基于此，建议同学们朗读考点，从单元标题、每课课题再到知识点名称，一字一句地读。反反复复来回几遍，这样可以加深对考点以及相关知识的印象，做到心中有数，目中有点。同时，这样做针对性强，效果明显，因为有的考点名称往往就是试卷中一些问题的答案。临近考试，我不太赞成一页一页地读教材，因为教材内容多，6本书，头绪杂，如果眉毛胡子一把抓，必然最后什么都抓不住。通过试验，对照考点来读，比较好，一目了然。
二、写
如果仅仅一味地读，时间长了，效果也会大打折扣。会读不代表会写。考试最终要落实到写出来。有些同学会说，但不会写，尤其是中国史，地名、人名出现错别字，还是等于零，同样拿不到分。因此，建议读完规定考点之后，及时布置任务，用几分钟时间进行强记消化，然后请3到4位学生上黑板，其余同学在下面拿出小纸片进行相关考点听写，教师注意时间控制，默写内容无需太多，结束后教师对黑板上的内容及下面部分同学所写内容进行面批、讲评，发现问题，及时纠正。该表扬的表扬，该指正的指正。这样做既能达到熟悉强化记忆考点之目的，又能留下深刻印象，知道应该怎么写，有利于调动学习积极性，避免复习阶段枯燥倦怠，消耗时间，效率低下。
三、练
俗话说，熟能生巧。学习的主要目的之一就是能够运用所学知识解决实际问题。而适量练习就是连接所学知识与解决实际问题的纽带与桥梁。教师再精彩的讲解都代替不了适当的训练。光讲不练，光练不讲，均不可取。建议教师分两步走，一方面适当准备一点练习让学生带回家去做，教师一定要及时督促检查，如果有可能可以进行全批或抽批，不能“放羊”，不能拖拉。另一方面在课堂上教师可以将事先选定好的有代表性的选择题或材料解析题让学生在规定时间内完成，然后请几位学生上黑板写出正确答案要点，教师再针对性地进行讲解，这样做不仅可以让学生始终保持训练的“手感”，保持良好的临战状态，直至最后考试结束，同时便于及时发现问题，当堂纠正，还可以训练学生的答题规范，给其他同学一个友情提醒，可谓好处多多。
四、讲
课堂上老师要做到少讲，从而把更多的时间让给学生，让学生进行自主探究学习。但少讲不等于不讲，对一些初中生不好理解的重要概念、重点知识必须通过教师的讲解才能理解到位。因此建议教师在后期复习重点讲一些重要而学生又容易混淆的历史概念，主干知识、历史分期、阶段特征、人物评价等问题及时进行必要的分析讲解，帮助学生理清思路，融会贯通。
虽然考试日益临近，同学们不能慌，不能乱，更不能糊。慌必然乱，乱必然败。只有计划好，谋划好，细化好，有准备，有思路，有步骤，有策略，有方法，才能做到有序，有效，有收获，有信心。从容进考场，一定能取得理想成绩。
第四篇：数学中考前复习建议
教学建议
1、在考前复习中，回归基础，强化训练矫正，重视解题方法的反思和总结。
2、薄弱学校的后阶段复习仍以抓实双基为根本，按照前90分为复习定位。利用课堂10-15
分钟进行基础训练，30-35分钟进行小专题训练，小专题根据学情争对中考基本考点、学生存在的问题进行编制，抓实基以础题和中档题的训练，进一步提高复习的效率。
3、函数模块一直是中考重点内容，数形结合综合、阅读理解、课题学习、动态几何等题型
是中考稳定风格和热点问题，生源较好的学校可适当增加一些训练量，并在审题、解题策略、规范性层面上引导学生。对统计部分的习题，学生得出准确的结论并不难,而进一步追问过程性的语言表达（说理）学生薄弱，教师在后期复习中要帮助学生理解并进行一定量的训练。
4、进一步关注学生存在的共性问题进行强化训练，如列方程解应用题中，方程中大数的处
理、增长率方程的计算技巧等。几何中有关计算类题目常用方法①勾股定理构造方程、②相似构造方程、③等面积法构造方程等。说明切线的常用方法①先证垂直、再说明半径②先证半径、再说明垂直。
5、进一步关注解题规范，如解不等式组（画数轴）、概率（列出树状图的结果、表格中的结
果不要打勾打叉也要规范、要说明结果是等可能的）、证明问题（严格按照28条基本事实为推理依据，对用相似、三角函数等进行证明看逻辑关系会酌情给些分）、检验问题（分式方程和分式方程的应用题需检验）、切线问题（既要说明垂直、又要说明半径）、解答题要做到有问必答、作图题（下结论）、勾股定理（要说明在Rt△中）。教师要做好解题规范的示范作用，在试卷讲评时应同时讲评评分标准对规范解题的要求。
6、初三备课组要认真研究考试策略，重视学生的心理疏导，引导学生先易后难、不要在个
别难题上纠缠太多时间以至于后面题目来不及做而丢分，特别是中下等的学生要学会放弃，避免考试方法的不当而达不到应有的成绩。建议初三备课组在中考前进行一次考试策略的宣讲，增强学生的信心，考出真实水平。
第五篇：七年级语文考前复习建议
书人教育中学部七年级语文考前复习建议（冲刺学校期中考试）
进入初中后，学生的复习模式相较于小学有了重大改变。学生在复习的时候应改变原有小学只复习具体书本课文的思路，进而转变为分题型、版块复习。本次考前建议针对学校期中考试进行复习指导。分为两大板块：基础阅读复习指导和作文指导。
基础阅读复习指导
一、积累与运用板块的复习
1.默写
1-3单元需要背默的课文以及课后前五首古诗； 小学必备70首古诗；
现代诗文默写，例如《假如生活欺骗了你》；
理解性默写分值增加（主要从内容、情感和写作手法方面命题）； 综合性学习（例如第二单元黄河，母亲河）。2.字词、拼音和成语
1-3单元“读一读，写一写”； 书下注解；
自己老师划得其他字词；
在成语部分主要分为三种类型：本义用错、感情色彩使用有误、语义重复。3.书法
要仔细审题，弄清题目要求（究竟是正楷还是行楷）；
书法鉴赏题主要考察书后附录部分的内容。初一我们所接触到的是颜真卿的“颜体”，语文书260页。
在这部分中同学们需要掌握文化常识，包括书法家的姓名、年代、称号等等。书法家的书法特点，主要是一些四字词语，如颜真卿的书法如“金刚怒目，壮士挥拳”。另外还要了解颜真卿的行书代表作《祭侄文稿》。以及能够认识书后所列举的字帖、碑帖。
4.综合性学习：主要内容是第二单元后的“黄河，母亲河”专题。5.名著导读：本次期中考试主要考察高尔基的《童年》。
除了上述内容，还有一些题型需要学生平时多积累多下工夫。如病句、标点、图表、漫画、仿写。
二、阅读理解
1.古诗阅读：初一一般考课内。（课后前五首诗）
2.文言文阅读：5、10、15三课。学生要注意注解1的文化常识，文章内容以及书下注释。文言文阅读一般以比较阅读形式出现。
3.课内现代文：主要是讲读课文《从百草园到三味书屋》、《爸爸的花儿落了》、《最后一课》、《邓
稼先》、《闻一多先生的说和做》。学生在复习时可在网上查询相关课文的“片段阅读训练”，并浏览一遍，学会自我赏析。
4.课外阅读：关键在于把握文章的主旨，考验学生语言综合运用能力。近年来还出现了“自己提出有价值的题目并解决”这类题型需要特别注意。
作文指导——寻根溯源写妙文
记叙文写作四大基本功：审题、立意、选材、细节描写。A、审题 命题作文
抓关键词，例如《这也是一堂语文课》，（解读：也”“语文课”，两者缺一不可。）
明确深层含义，例如《总有一把钥匙属于自己》。（解读：一定是在多次努力和尝试后，找到了适合自己的方法，并解决了困难。）
半命题作文
准、简、顺。“准”指的是要符合题意，“简”就是要简洁，“顺”指的是要明确出题老师的意图。话题作文
化大为小，以小见大，切忌面面俱到，文章空洞而无中心。材料作文
尊重命题要求，切莫自作主张，曲解命题意思。B、立意
立意要来源于生活。抓住生活中的情趣、情感、清理。学生根据自己的文风来明确自己的选择。突出情趣适合那些让读者莞尔一笑的同学；突出情感则适合那些擅长抒情的同学；突出清理则适合那些善于总结事理善于感悟的同学。
C、选材
树立“大我”的理念，文章选材不一定是自己身上发生的事，社会中有很多视角值得我们发现和探寻。
确立目标：抓住生活中的一个细节写具体。明确原则：真实、新颖、有思想。D、细节描写
主要靠学生平时写作基本功。
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