土木工程专业英语考试复习重点(词汇)

第一篇：土木工程专业英语考试复习重点(词汇)

1.soil types 土类(土壤类别)mud 淤泥(泥浆)silt 粉土 clay 黏土 sand 沙 gravel 碎石

rock 岩石

2.site investigation 场址勘察 visual inspection 踏勘 exploration 勘探 drilling 钻探

seismic 地震的 excavation 开挖法 representative sample 代表性的土样

ground water-table 地下水位 expansive soil 膨胀土

3.speciality 专业structural engineering 结构工程 water resources eg 水利工程

geotechnical eg 岩石工程 transportation eg 交通运输工程 pipeline eg 管道工程 construction eg 施工工程 community and urban planning 城镇,乡规划 photogrametry 摄影测量法 surveying and mapping 测绘 engineering management 工程管理

4.civil eg 土木工程 materials 材料 cement concrete 混凝土 masonry 砌体 steel 钢

timber 木材 asphalt 沥青 aluminum alloy 铝合金 plastic 塑料 boting 植被 reverting 护墙 welding 焊接 elastic modulus 弹性模量 ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度 compressive 抗压 shoarbrad 弯曲 reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土 fireproof 防火材料 corrosion 腐蚀 hydration 水化 oxidation 氧化

5.structural member 构件 beamcolumn 梁 柱 arch 拱 slab 板 skyscraper 摩天大楼

curtain wall 护墙 bearing 轴承 embankment 筑堤 pavement 人行道 settle 沉降 uneven settlement 不均匀沉降 uniform 统一的,一样的 multistory building 多层建筑 roof 屋顶 floor 地板,楼层 ceiling 天花板 highwaybridgefoundationplan平面图,规划 elevation 立面图underpinning 基础互换

6.construction 建筑物 execution 施工 control planning 控制规划 job site 施工现场 earth

moving 土方 concrete construction 混凝土结构 production 拌制 placement 方位安排 curing 养护 forming 形成 embed quarry 采石场 blost-hole 爆破 explosive road 进出工地的道路

7.building code 建筑规划 professional staff 专业人员 project manager 项目经理 manager

skillpermeability 参透性 subgrade 路基 superstructure 上层结构 substructure 下层结构 bearing pressure 承载力 settle 沉降 cadre 基础结构,骨干on-the-job training 在职训练

第二篇：食品专业英语考试重点

GDA:平均绩点； make an appointment:预约 professional body；专业团队institute of food technologist:；食品技术研究所 past tense；过去时 bachelor degree；学士学位 master degree； 硕士学位 doctor degree；博士学位food science andengineering食品科学与工程； correspondence courses函授课程 ；present perfect现在完成时 ；present perfect continuous 现在完成进行时 ； HPLC:高效液相色谱法；GC气象色谱； SPC统计过程控制（统计学）； autocontrolfermentor 自动控制发酵罐；lab data process实验数据处理 ；statistical process统计学； Matlab 数学软件 ；haverapport with和。关系融洽； scientificpresentation学术报告； emergency issue紧急状况；International journal国际期刊； food science and technology食品科学与技术； entry level 入门级 ；inventory control库存控制； UV紫外线 ；high-yield mutant高产突变株； passive voice被动语态 ；overzealous过度用心 ；not pull one's weight未尽全力 ；beverage饮料； fellow professional同行； a tenured position享有终身的职位； R&D研究开发； toss into投进； at one's disposal工某人使用 ；everchanging不断变化的； a star performer表现突出的人； pesticide residue杀虫剂残留 ；a cover letter求职信 ；a solid resume一个坚实的简历； flashy fonts 闪光字体 ；up-to-date最新的；E-mall address邮箱地址； control overly cutesy name控制过于矫揉造作 ；personality traits人格特质 ；objective statement目的陈述 ；special accomplishment专业素养 ；special talent特殊才能；Additional skill额外技能 ；military service军事服务 ；dynamic action rerbs动态动作动词； CV履历 ；be meant to be命中注定；冷冻Scholarly conventions ；学术会议stodgy油腻的；As a minimum 最低限度上；a massive borm 巨大繁荣；Chronological resume 按时间顺序排列的简历；a spate of 一连串的；Function resume 以职能为主的简历；dine out 外出吃饭；Tageted resume 针对性简历；pub grub 酒吧食物；Wanted ad 招聘广告；sea change 巨变；Combination resume 综合性简历；CAMRA 争取散装啤酒的活动；Scannable resumes 可扫描的简历；game meats 野味；Expertise in 在。。方面有专长；home-made desserts 自制甜点；Federal and state 联邦和国家； scone 烤饼；Break from 打破；due to 由于；Resume bank 简历库；border on 与。接壤；CE 优质贷款原则；olive oil 橄榄油；Make or break sb in sth 造成某人在某事的成功或失败； scallion 大葱；ginger 姜；Contact information 联系信息；garlic 大蒜；Part-time job 兼职工作；chillipepper辣椒粉； Emphasize/underline 强调；cinnamon 肉桂；Extracurricular activities 课外活动；peppercorn 胡椒子；Apply for 申请；sesame oil 芝麻油；Volume/mass production 批量生产；play on 对；产生影响；Put forward利用；come up提出；with Guess work 猜测；Cuisine 烹饪；Temperate climate 温和气候；Ingredient 调料成分；Nasted and stewed meat 烤和炖的肉；Chillies 红辣椒；Stir—fry爆；Culinary ideas 烹饪理念Pasta 意大利面Refrigeration 冷冻In parallel with 与。同时发生Oven-ready—meals代考食品supermarket超市lead to 导致unable to afford 不能支付recipes； cookbook食谱；mushy peas 豌豆糊；steak and kidney pie 牛腰馅饼；mashed potato土豆泥；spread to 传播蔓延；midnight snack夜宵；fuel 燃气；

carbohydrate 碳水化合物,； pancake 饼, ；shallot 葱, ；thin soup 清汤；,creamy浓汤；,gril 烤；,pan-fry 煎；,stir-fry 快炒,；cucumber黄瓜；braise炖,；condiments 调味品；food tonic食补；hangover 遗留物 ；prickly ash 花椒；pungent 辛辣的1.你的资历包括从高中起的教育以及你过去参加过的特殊培训。Your qualifications include your education from high school on and any special training you may have done in the past.2.如果你真的没有工作经验，不要吹嘘，而是列出你的志愿者工作和社会活动。If you truly have no work experience, don't try to bluff, instead list your volunteer work or community activities.3.当你走进屋子给面试官的第一印象对后面的面试有很大的影响。When you walk in the room, the very first impression you make on the interviewer can have a great influence on the rest of the interview.4.我毕业于河南科技大学，我的专业是食品科学与工程。I graduated from Henan University of Science&Technology, my major is food and technology.5.我的第一份工作是在洛阳全福担任质检员。My first job was working in luoyang QuanFu Group as quality inspector.6.我的职责是做销售预测，为生产部门提供总的需求。My duty is making sales forecast and providing gross product requirement for production department.7.我能在压力下很好工作，当有最后期限时，我能集中于手头工作，并很好地设计工作计划。I work well under pressure, when there is a deadline, I can focus on the taskat hand and structure my work schedule well.8.多数公司提供晋升的机会，所以不要害怕从头开始。Most companies provide chances of promotion, so don't be afraid to start from scratch.9.能告诉我你上一个工作职责是什么吗？ Can you tell me aboutyour responsibility at yourlast job?

10.翻译结果 我对你公司的洛阳宫啤酒印象深刻 I'm impressed deeply by your luoyang palace beer of your company.11.我确信洛阳宫啤酒将成为未来市场上最好 的产品,我想成为你们公司的一员 I am sure that luoyang palace beer will become the future the best on the market products, I want to become a member of your company

1.你的资历包括从高中起的教育以及你过去参加过的特殊培训。Your qualifications include your education from high school on and any special training you may have done in the past.2.如果你真的没有工作经验，不要吹嘘，而是列出你的志愿者工作和社会活动。If you truly have no work experience, don't try to bluff, instead list your volunteer work or community activities.3.当你走进屋子给面试官的第一印象对后面的面试有很大的影响。When you walk in the room, the very first impression you make on the interviewer can have a great influence on the rest of the interview.4.我毕业于河南科技大学，我的专业是食品科学与工程。I graduated from Henan University of Science&Technology, my major is food and technology.5.我的第一份工作是在洛阳全福担任质检员。My first job was working in luoyang QuanFu Group as quality inspector.6.我的职责是做销售预测，为生产部门提供总的需求。My duty is making sales forecast and providing gross product requirement for production department.7.我能在压力下很好工作，当有最后期限时，我能集中于手头工作，并很好地设计工作计划。I work well under pressure, when there is a deadline, I can focus on the taskat hand and structure my work schedule well.8.多数公司提供晋升的机会，所以不要害怕从头开始。Most companies provide chances of promotion, so don't be afraid to start from scratch.9.能告诉我你上一个工作职责是什么吗？ Can you tell me aboutyour responsibility at yourlast job?

10.翻译结果 我对你公司的洛阳宫啤酒印象深刻 I'm impressed deeply by your luoyang palace beer of your company.11.我确信洛阳宫啤酒将成为未来市场上最好 的产品,我想成为你们公司的一员 I am sure that luoyang palace beer will become the future the best on the market products, I want to become a member of your company

12.The research about this enzyme can be traced back to 1970s.（关于这个酶的研究可以追溯到20世纪70年代）

13.Recently, the use of reproducible resource has reached new heights.（近来再生资源的利用达到了新的高度）

14.Vinegar could play on the taste buds.（醋可以起味觉的调节作用）

15.Pay attention to the harmony of appearance, smell, taste, texture when confecting the beverage.（在配制饮料时应当注意色、香、味、质地的协调）

1、The rationing of most foods during（and for some years after）world war Ⅱ did little to assist the situation，though it did raise the average nutritional standards of the population to levels never previously achieved——from which they have since declined第二次世界大战及此后的几年里，大部分食品的配给制并没有改善这种情况，虽然配给制确实是民众的平均营养水平提高到以前没有达到的高度——但从那时起营养水平开始下降

2、whilst this reputation has never been wholly desewed，as high quality fare has already been available to those who know where to find it,it is undeniable that in qeneral food served in Britain often fails to reach the same general level of excellence that can easily be found across English Channel in France.但是这种声誉并不总是应得的，应为高质量的食物总是向知道到哪里去寻找他的人们敞开着，不可否认，在英国供应的大众食品常常达不到在英吉利海峡对面的法国很容易找到的同样大众水平那么卓越。

3、However，in Britain today there is more interest in food than there has ever been before，with celebrity chefs leading the drive toward raising the standard of food in the UK。不过，如今英国在著名厨师的引领下正趋于提高英国食品标准，人们对食品的兴趣已经超越了以往任何时候。

4、Any discussion of the influence on French cuisine would be incomplete without recognizing the historical contribution of Ittaly to the development of French cooking。In 1533，Catherine De Medicisca Florentine princess married Henry duc d’orleans(who became king Henry 2 of France)。At this point，France was not know for its food or food culture。Catherine brought an entourage of Italian chefs with her to French，who introduced to Frence a variety of dishes，food preparation to Frence a variety of dishes，food preraration and dining practices。Although Frence and Italy obriously have evolved very different food cultures，both before and since this contribution，much of Frence current food culture can be traced back to this time.不过意大利队法国餐饮发展的历史贡献来进行意大利队法国餐饮的影响的讨论是片面的。1553年，佛罗伦萨公主嫁给了亨利二世。此时，法国并没有因为饮食或饮食文化而闻名于世。公主将意大利厨师带入法国，这位厨师向法国人介绍了各式各样的菜肴，食品准备及正餐的做法。尽管在此之前及之后，法国和意大利有着截然不同的饮食文化的发展，但是法国流行饮食文化的确可以追溯于此。

5、Afurtherpoint is that over festive periods，with the play of word’s phonetics,well meaning felicitous names of dishes have many people trying to guess what they are about to eat thereby adding fun to eaying.此外，整个节目期间，运用词的谐音，赋予菜吉利的名字，使许多人将会设想他们将会吃到什么，以增加吃的乐趣。

第三篇：人力资源专业英语考试词汇--仅供参考

Unit 1

退休金计划 pension plan

科学管理scientific management 集体谈判collective bargaining 医疗保健福利heath-care benefits 工作丰富化job enrichment

人力资源管理 Human Resource Management

外包 out sourcing

档案记录 record keeping

福利管理 benefits administration 工作描述 job description 激励工资incentive pay 工作评价 job evaluation 利润分享 profit sharing

雇员援助计划 employee assistance program

劳工关系 labor relations

精神契约psychological contract

Unit 2

轮作 rotation

战略人力资源管理 strategic Human Resource Management

人力资源规划 human resource planning

福利管理 benefits administration 劳工关系 labor relations

事业发展机会 career relations

人力资源专业人员 HR professional 组织绩效 organizational performance 授权 empowerment

企业家的身份 entrepreneurship 组织型学习organizational learning 公共关系 public relations

多元管理 diversity management 规模经济 economies of scale

Unite 3

人力资源规划Human Resource Planning

裁剪downsizing

人力资源需求预测 requirement forecast

技能储备 skill inventory 提升 promotion 人员配备 staffing 招聘 recruiting

绩效评估 performance appraisal

Unite 4

职业 occupation

工作抽样 work sampling 观察法 observation method

第四篇：英语考试重点

英语考试重点

听力: 蓝色那本CET4里面的M1--M10，主要是前四个（8短2长1文章）阅读：

黄色那本CET4里面的M1--M6，只是阅读题，没有信息匹配和选词填空 完形填空：

课本U2--U4里TextB的Cloze 翻译：

要求

段落翻译题

1六年前，作者经历一场惊险的旅程。这次经历让他印象深刻，因为他在这场紧急的事故中找到了真正的英雄。一个周五的早上，航班前往亚特兰大（Atlanta）。飞机起飞不久,飞行员向乘客通报紧急情况：一个引擎失控了，液压系统（hydraulic system）已经失灵了。更糟糕的是，他们都将会坠机。忽然间，机舱里一片恐慌。许多乘客脸色苍白，四周都在哭喊。在混乱中，一把温柔冷静的妇女声音传来，她正在安慰自己的女儿。母亲似乎没有被四周的悲伤和恐惧影响。即使面对死亡，她依然坚定地告诉女儿她有多么爱她，她把女儿包裹在怀里，尽可能地保护她。幸运的是，飞机安全着陆。母亲对女儿的那份爱向人们展现了什么是真正的勇气。

段落翻译题

2我告诉他，我绊倒在地时，听到了撕裂声。然而他，我的丈夫，不但不理会我说的，而且声称，一定是我鞋带的问题。所以，即便我的我的脚肿的像个气球，但我们并不知道我的脚踝骨断了，因为他没有将我送去看医生。在去机场的12个小时飞行中，他把我一个人扔在借来的轮椅上，完全没有注意到我要去洗手间的手势。

段落翻译题

3你可以找到缓解压力的方法，并很快重新掌握自己的身体。你也可以学会如何先使身体放松，随之带动精神放松。你还可以学看如何放松精神进而掌控自己的工作状态。一旦压力消退，人们就会很快解决工作中出现的问题。

段落翻译题4

当天，我走进教室，听到了一些议论声。议论的是一位来自中国的大一女生，这引起了我的兴趣。我想见下这位神秘的女孩，我确实见到了。助理院长让我带这位女孩去安排下午的事情，我们的旅程就开始了。第一站是她的宿舍，房间的一半非常干净，以致都难以说清这里是否有人住，而另一边则是一片狼藉。当然，干净整洁的半边是这位中国女孩的。

段落翻译题

5我不知道如果我到另一个国家，用另一种语言努力的跟那些说话流利的人交流，那时我会有多坚强。尤其是，我不知道如果没有一帮朋友，没有和家里一样铺着绿色木板的白色屋子，没有那条路灯时明时暗淡旧街，没有夜色中飞驰而过的汽车声，我会有多坚强。我离不开那漫漫夏夜飘散在我窗前的茉莉花香，也离不开每天早上熟悉的洒水车的声音。

段落翻译题6

我们所拥有的资产之所以会快速贬值的原因是一旦我们已经拥有了，就会对之失去兴趣。在这种情况下，我们就可以用这些物品来进行合作消费。相关研究人员告诉我们传统的分享已经变身为租赁业务，并将在未来的十年中蓬勃发展。考虑到人口的快速增长，集体消费将完全符合“资源共享、以物易物、贸易、租凭”这一新的趋势。在进行合作消费时，如何理顺合作关系将成为最具挑战的问题: 在同一时段，人们都需要用同一物品怎么办？在这个资源越来越少的世界中，我们别无选择只能与他人，甚至陌生人一起分享账富，这为尝不是一个明智的选择。

段落翻译题7

理查德焦急地等待着比赛的结果。他不知道等待着他的是胜利的喜悦还是失败的痛苦，他感觉到自己随时可以从椅子上跳起来。他永远不会忘记上次失利后潮水般涌来的羞辱感，似乎黑暗从此就要将他吞没。从那以后，脸上的欢愉变成了阴郁，一度放松的练习再次紧张起来。是虚荣心作祟也好，是积极向上也罢，他只相信，这几近筋疲力尽的努力终会有所回报。

对应的英文答案：

要求

段落翻译题1

Suggested Answers:

The author went through a breathtaking travel six years ago and the experience impressed him deeply because he found a real hero in that emergency.On one Friday morning, a flight headed for Atlanta.Soon after the plane took off, the pilot announced the urgent crisis that one engine was broken and the hydraulic system had failed.Worse still, they might be about to crash.Suddenly, panic spread all over the crowd.Many passengers look grim and pale.All around, people cried and screamed.In the chaos, there was a soft and calm voice from a woman who was trying to comfort her daughter.The mother seemed undisturbed by the sounds of grief and fear around her.Even when facing death, the mother still told her daughter firmly about how much she loved her, and put her body over her daughter, trying to protect her as much as she could.Fortunately, the plane landed safely.The mother’s love for her daughter showed people what real courage was.段落翻译题2

Suggested Answer:

I told him that I heard a snapping sound when I stumbled off and fell.But he, my husband, not only dismissed what I said but also contended that it must have been the strap on my shoes snapping.Therefore, we didn’t know my foot was broken because he didn’t send me to a doctor even though my foot was swollen like a balloon.During the 12-hour flight to the airport, he left me alone in the borrowed wheelchair and pretended that he didn’t notice my gestures indicating the need of going to the bathroom.段落翻译题3

Suggested Answer:

You can find relief from stress and regain control fairly quickly.You can learn how to relax your body, and then your mind will follow.You can also learn to relax your mind and take control of your work situations.Once the stress is gone they tend to solve their work problems very quickly.段落翻译题4

Suggested Answer:

This day, as I entered my class, some gossip came into my ears.It was about a new freshman girl from China, who aroused my curiosity.I wanted to meet the mysterious figure and I did.The Assistant Dean called me over to take the girl to her afternoon activity.So we started our journey.The first stop was her dorm.Half of the room was so tidy that it was hard to tell whether there was existence of human beings.The other half was totally a mess.Of course, the neat half belonged to the Chinese girl.段落翻译题5

Suggested Answers:

I don’t know how strong I’ll be if I move to a foreign country and try to speak in another language with fluent speakers.Especially, I don’t know how strong I’ll be if I don’t have a network of my friends or the same white house with green board, the old streets with blinking road lamps, and sounds of cars whizzing by during the dark of night.I can’t rear myself away from the scent of jasmine that drifts through my window during long summer nights and the sound of the sprinklers completing a morning routine.段落翻译题6

Suggested Answers:

The reason why the value of the assets we possess depreciates quickly is that we already have the ownership and we may lose interest in them.Under this circumstance, these items can be used for collaborative consumption.The relevant shows us that traditional sharing already transformed into rental businesses, which will thrive in the following decade.Considering the growth of population, collaborative consumption conforms to the new trend---sharing, bartering, trading and renting, The biggest challenge of collaborative consumption is streamlining operations because people may need or want the same item at the same time.In this on-going world with resources which are declining in amount, we have no choice but to collaborate with others, even strangers to spread the wealth.段落翻译题7

Suggested Answers:（红色的词是单词表里的）

Richard is waiting anxiously for the outcome of the competition.He did not know what is waiting for him.Whether the joy of victory or the agony of defeat.He felt he is about to bounce from his chair.He will never forget the sense of insult washed over him when he’d lost last time.It seems that darkness was going to devour him.Since then, a jolly face turned sullen.Once loosened exercises became tense.Whether it is because of vanity or positive attitude, he only believes that this almost exhausted effort will eventually be rewarded.

第五篇：2014年职称英语考试卫生类重点词汇精选

2014年职称英语考试卫生类重点词汇精选

assembly n.集合, 装配, 集会(assembly line/装配线);

assess v.评估(财产, 价值, 人物、工作等);(assess – evaluate – value评估)assist v.(在某方面)帮助，援助，协助((assist sb.in doing sth/to do sth/在…方面帮助某人))

assistant n.助手, 助理(assistant engineer/助理工程师;assistant professor/副教授);

associate v.结交, 由...联想到..., 把...联系起来(associate one thing with another/把某一事与另一事联系起来;...be associated with sth./...和...有关/...和...有联系):

association n.联合,协会, 社团:

assume v.假设(assume – suppose),承担(assume – take onensure)，使安心，让…放心(assure sb.of/that…/向某人保证…)

astonish v.使吃惊(astonish – surprise –shock)(be astonished at sth./对…感到惊讶);

astronaut n.宇航员

at prep.[位置，场所，地点，时间]在…时，在…中，在…方面，向，(表示速度，价格等)以(arrive at…/到达…;at my uncle's/在我叔父家;at the foot[top] of the mountain /在山脚下[顶上];at the meeting/在会议上;at ten o'clock/在十点钟;at(the age of)forty/在 40 岁的时候;at the beginning of the month/在月初;at Christmas/在圣诞节;aim at…/对准..;throw …at …/朝…扔…;be pleased at…/对…感到高兴;be surprised *fened+ at …/听到…而吃惊;at one's request/应某人的请求;at the rate/speed of …/以每小时..速度);

athlete: n.运动员

Atlantic adj.大西洋的;大西洋沿岸的(the Atlantic Ocean /大西洋);atmosphere n.大气, 空气, 气氛;

attack n./v.进攻, 疾病)侵袭，发作(a heart attack /心脏病发作);attach v.贴上，系上，缚上(attach… to … 把…贴/系在…上面)

attempt n.(常与at, on, to连用)努力, 尝试v.(常与to连用)企图, 尝试(attempt to do sth./make an attempt to do sth./试图做…);

attend v.注意, 出席(at), 参加, 上(学, 教堂)(attend school /上学;attend a lecture /听讲课;attend(at)a wedding /出席婚礼;be attended by/由...陪同;由...照料);