社会政治和经济类热点词汇翻译总结

第一篇：社会政治和经济类热点词汇翻译总结

深化改革扩大开放

The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建设有中国特色的社会主义理论

The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论

One focus, two basic points 一个中心，两个基本点

Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心

Adhere to the four cardinal principles 坚持四项基本原则

Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放

Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, maintaining stability扩大开放，促进发展，保持稳定

Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces是否有利于发展社会主义生产力

Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country是否有利于增强综合国力

Whether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living standard是否有利于提高人民生活水平

Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体 Common development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展

Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革

Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革发展和稳定的关系

Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展

Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步

Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位

Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力 Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制

A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施

Reform and opening up policy 改革开放政策 Reform measures 改革措施 Speed up reform 加快改革

Reform of economic system 经济体制改革 Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革

Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理

Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革

Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革

Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通体制改革

Reform of foreign trade system 外贸体制改革

Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革 Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革

Reform of housing system 住房制度改革 Planning system 计划管理体制

Transferring the function of government 转换政府职能

Open door policy 开放政策

Open economy 开放经济

Open-door to the outside world 对外开放 Opening up 扩大开放

Open domestic market 开放国内市场 Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引进外国的资金，先进技术和

managerial experiences 管理经验

Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区

Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区

One country, two systems 一国两制

Special administrative region 特别行政区 ract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭联产承包责任制 to the household Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距

Eliminate poverty 消除贫困 Common prosperity 共同富裕

ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 经济和市场经济

Socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济

Socialist sector of economy 社会主义经济成分

State-owned economy 国有经济 Non-state economy 非国有经济 Collective economy 集体经济 Individual economy 个体经济

Coexistence of various economic composition 多种经济成分共存

Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展

National economic budget 国民经济预算 Comprehensive development of economy 经济综合发展

Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略

Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏观经济政策理论

Macroeconomic decision 宏观经济决策 Microeconomic phenomenon 微观经济现象 Traditional planned economy 传统的计划经济

Stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展

Commodity economy 商品经济 Market economy 市场经济 Free market economy 自由市场经济 Developed market economy 发达的市场经济

Developing market economy 发展中的市场经济

Emerging market economy 新兴市场经济 Mature market economy 成熟市场经济 Market economy country 市场经济国家

Extensive economy 粗放型经济

Intensive economy 集约型经济

Transform the extensive economic 粗放型经济转变为

mode into intensive one 集约型经济 Mixed economy 混合经济 Regional economy 地区经济

Internal-oriented economy 内向型经济 Closed economy 闭关自守经济 Economic growth point 经济增长点 Economic growth mode 经济增长方式 Economic growth rate 经济增长率

Economy measure 经济手段

Diversified economy 多种经济，多样化经济 Economic situation 经济形势 Economic cycle 经济周期 Economic fluctuation 经济波动 Economic miracle 经济奇迹 Economic take-off 经济起飞 Economic recovery 经济复苏 Economic potential 经济潜力

Economic sanction 经济制裁 Global economy 全球经济

Economic globalization 经济全球化

Integration of world economy 世界经济一体化

International economic integration 国际经济一体化

New international economic order 国际新经济秩序

Multi-polarization of world economy 世界经济多极化

Economic community 经济共同体 MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控 Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控 Soft landing 软着路

Macro-economic situation 宏观经济形势 Macro control and micro invigoration 宏观控制与微观搞活

Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 总量控制与经济结构调整 Tight control on investment in fixed assets 紧缩固定资产投资控制

Tight financial and monetary policy 从紧的

Moderately tight monetary policy 适度从紧的货币政策

Moderately tight credit policy 适度从紧的信贷政策

Loosening tight monetary policy 放松紧缩的货币政策

Adequate amount of the money supply 适度货币供应量

Excessive amount of currency issue 过度货币发行量

Maintain monetary stability 保持货币稳定 Cheap money policy 低息货币政策 Adjustment of interest rate 利率调整 Cut interest rate 降低利率

Control of interest rate 利率控制 Deflation policy 紧缩政策 Market intervention 市场干预 State intervention 国家干预

Administrative interference 行政干预 Administrative intervention 行政干预 Administrative measure 行政措施 Economy measure 经济手段

Risk-control mechanism 风险控制机制 Overheated economy 过热的经济

Consumer price index 消费品价格指数

Commodity price index 商品物价指数 Retail price index 零售物价指数 Average price index平均物价指数 Cost-of-living index 生活费用指数 Control of inflation 通货膨胀控制

Demand-pull inflation 需求拉动的通货膨胀 Double digit inflation 两位数字通货膨胀 Excessive inflation 过度的通货膨胀 Galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀 Hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀 Hidden inflation 隐性通货膨胀

Structural inflation 结构性通货膨胀

Stagflation 经济停滞型的通货膨胀 Inflation factor 通货膨胀因素 Inflation of credit 信用膨胀 Inflation rate 通货膨胀率

Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力

Curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀

Curb the real estate craze 抑制房地产热 Development zone craze 开发区热

Overall demand and supply 总需求和总供给 Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡

Supply and demand relation 供求关系 Supply over demand 供过于求 Supply exceeds demand 供过于求 Economic crisis 经济危机 Economic depression 经济萧条

MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 国有资产管理

Establish a system for the management, supervision 建立国有资产管理，监督和营运体系

and operation of State assets

Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革

Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and 产权清晰，责权明确，政企分开，responsibilities, separating ownership from daily 管理科学 management and management

adopting

scientific

and

Regulation on the supervision management 国有企业监督管理条例

of the state-owned enterprises

Laws and regulations on the administration of 国有资产管理法律法规

state-owned property Operate independently, assume sole responsibility 自主经营，自负盈亏，自我发展，for its profits and self-development 自我约束 and self-reliance

Uphold the principle of separating the functions of 坚持政企分开的原则，转变政府

government from those of enterprises and alter the 经济管理职能

government’s role in economic management Safeguard state property 保卫国有资产

losses，seek

改组和改造

保值增值防止流失

Prevent the drain of State-owned property 防止国有资产流失

Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革

Definition of property rights 产权界定 Clarification of property rights 明晰产权 Registration of property rights 产权登记 Annual checks of the registration of property rights 产权登记年检 Certificate of title 产权证书 Change of registration 变更登记

Change of title 产权变更

Transfer of property rights 产权转让 Transaction of property rights 产权交易 Property rights transfer agency 产权交易机构

Inspection of assets 资产清查

Re-evaluation of fixed assets 固定资产重估 Asset appraisal 资产评估

Productive assets 经营性资产

Non-productive assets 非经营性资产 Return on assets 资产收益 Balance sheet 资产负债表

Consolidated balance sheet 合并资产负债表 Reform of State-Owned Enterprises国有企业改革

Step up efforts to reform State-owned enterprises 加大国有企业改革力度 Readjust and reorganize State-owned enterprises to 调整改组国有企业促进资产重组

promote re-arrangement of assets and raise the 提高国有经济的总体素质

overall quality of the State sector of the economy Concentrate on rejuvenating State-owned large 集中力量抓好国有大型企业和

enterprises and enterprises groups 企业集团 Develop trans-regional and inter-trade enterprise 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团 groups

Reform, reorganization and upgrading 改革，Re-organization, association, merger, joint 改组，联合，兼并，股份合作制

partnership, leasing, contract operation 租赁，承包经营和出售 and sell-off

Manage well large enterprises and adopt a flexible 抓好大的，放活小的 policy towards small ones

Give small State-owned enterprises greater freedom 放活国有小企业

Standardize bankruptcy procedures, encourage 规范破产程序，鼓励企业兼并，merging of enterprises and promote re-employment 促进再就业

Allow money-losing enterprise to merger 允许亏损企业兼并或破产

or go bankrupt

Dispersion of redundant employees 分流富余人员

Re-employment funds 再就业基金

Conscientiously strengthen the operation and 切实加强企业经营管理

management of enterprises

Strengthen financial management of enterprises 强化企业财务管理

Tighten control over extrabudgetary funds 加强预算外资金管理

Increase capital and reduce debts through various 多渠道增资减债

channels

Strive to help enterprises eliminate losses and 抓好企业扭亏增盈 increase profits

Develop various modes of operation and marketing 发展多种营销方式

Alleviate enterprises’ social burdens 减轻企业的社会负担

By tapping the potential and upgrading the 通过挖潜改造 technology

Mechanism for selecting the superior and eliminating 优胜劣汰机制 the inferior-making power 享有更多的决策权

Allow employees to hold some shares 允许职工持股

Give more productive enterprises the power to engage 给更多的生产企业自营出口权 in export independently Protect the interests of the working class 保护工人阶级利益

Technological upgrading 技术改造

Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革

Deepening of the reform of State-owned enterprises 深化国有企业改革

Modern enterprise system 现代企业制度 Reorganization of state-owned enterprises 国有企业重组

Transform the enterprises’ management mechanisms of State-owned enterprises 转换国有企业经营机制

Adjustment of industrial structure 行业结构调整

Industrial policy 产业政策

Support and develop large enterprises and release small enterprises 支持发展大企业放开小企业 Large and medium-sized State-owned enterprises can be

turned into corporate enterprises 大中型企业可转变为股份公司

Smaller enterprises can become shareholding co-operatives 小企业可转变为股份合作制 Readjust the asset-liability ratio of state-owned enterprises 调整国有企业资产负债比

State-owned independent accounting industrial enterprises 国有独立核算企业 Pioneer enterprise 试点企业

Enlarge the right of self-management 扩大自主权

Optimize capital structure 优化资本结构 Optimize resource allocation 优化资源配置 Optimize investment structure 优化投资结构

Recapitalization 调整资本结构

Capital reorganization 资本重组

Promote rational flow of property right 促进产权合理流动

Reduce staff to improve efficiency 减员增效 Investment risk mechanism 投资风险机制 Project capital system 项目资本金制度 Legal person responsibility system 法人责任制

Responsibility for one’s own profit and loss 自负盈亏

Enterprise contract management responsibility system 企业承包责任制

Unreasonable economic structure 不合理的经济结构

Unreasonable product structure 不合理的产品结构

Repeated construction 重复建设

Repeated introduction of foreign equipment and technology 外国设备和技术的重复引进 Regional and departmental protectionism 地区和部门保持主义

Government supervision 政府监督 Operating strategy 经营战略

Out-dated management styles 落后的管理方式

Backward in management 管理落后 Relying on government subsidy 依赖政府补贴

Heavy social subsidy 沉重的社会补贴 Heavy social burdens 沉重的社会负担

Excessive production capacity 过剩的生产能力

Merger and acquisition 兼并与收购 Encourage merger 鼓励兼并

Preferential policy for bankruptcy and merger 对破产和兼并企业的优惠政策

Standardize bankruptcy procedure 规范破产程序

Prevent false bankruptcy 防止假破产 Construction of a multi-layer social security system 建立多层次的社会保障制度 Re-employment projects 再就业工程

Re-employment of redundant workers 富余职

Laid-off workers 下岗职工

ENTERPRISE AND COMPANY 企业和公司

Central enterprise 中央企业 Local enterprise 地方企业 Backbone enterprise 骨干企业

Large and medium enterprise 大中型企业 State-owned enterprise 国有企业

Enterprise solely funded by the State 国有独资企业

State-owned firm 国有公司，国有企业

Corporate enterprise 股份制企业 Collective enterprise 集体企业 Collective firm 集体企业，合作企业 Township enterprise 乡镇企业 Partnership enterprise 合伙企业 Individual enterprise 个体企业

Foreign-funded enterprise 外资企业 Top 500 enterprises 最大500家企业 Small business 小企业 Primary industry 第一产业 Secondary industry 第二产业 Tertiary industry 第三产业 Corporate Law 公司法

Township Enterprise Law 乡镇企业法 Independent legal entities 独立法人 Board of directors 董事会 Board of supervisors 监事会

Shareholders conference 股东大会 Entrepreneur 企业家 Firm 公司，企业 Company 公司 Incorporation 公司

Corporation 股份公司

Group of enterprises 企业集团

Conglomerate 企业集团，综合性大企业 Company limited by shares 股份有限责任公司

Controlling company 控股公司 Holding company 控股公司

Bank holding company 银行控股公司

Company with limited liability 有限责任公司

State-owned holding company 国家控股公司 Public company 上市公司 Private company 非上市公司 Listed company 上市公司

Overseas-listed company 境外上市公司 Parent company 母公司 Subsidiary company 子公司

Group company 集团公司

Large-scale industrial group 大型工业集团

International conglomerate 跨国企业集团 International corporation 跨国公司 Multinational corporation 跨国公司 Multinational market group 跨国市场集团 Banking institution 金融机构 Banking sector 银行部门 Intermediary bank 中介银行 Development bank 开发银行 Commercial bank 商业银行 Investment bank 投资银行 Credit bank 信贷银行

Cooperative bank 合作银行

Mortgage bank 抵押银行 Clearing bank 清算银行 Credit union 信用社

Non-bank financial institution 非银行金融机构

Financing corporation 金融公司 Securities company 证券公司

Underwriting company 担保公司 Loan and trust company 信托公司 Insurance company 保险公司

Life insurance company 人寿保险公司 Utility company 公共事业公司

MERGER AND ACQUISITION 兼并与收购 Reorganization 重组 Association 联合 Merger 兼并

Acquisition 收购

Joint stock partnership 股份合作 Leasing 出租

Contract operation 承包经营 Auction 拍卖

Develop trans-regional and trans-industry enterprise groups 发展跨地区跨行业的企业

Strategic acquisition 战略性收购 Combination of enterprise 企业合并 Concentric acquisition 集中收购 Conglomerate merger 集团企业合并 Consolidation by lease 租赁式合并 Consolidation by merger 兼并式合并 Leveraged buy-out(LBO’s)杠杆收购 Stock merger 股票兼并 Vertical acquisition 纵向收购 Vertical merger 纵向兼并 Vertical consolidation 纵向合并 Vertical integration 纵向合并 Horizontal merger 横向兼并

Horizontal acquisition 横向收购 Horizontal combination 横向合并，同行业合并

Horizontal integration 横向联合 Acquisition cost 收购成本 Acquiring enterprise 收购方企业 Corporate reorganization 公司重组

Bankruptcy Law 破产法

Bankruptcy code chapter 7---liquidation 破产法第七章 清算

Bankruptcy code 11---reorganization 破产法第十一章 重组

Act of bankruptcy 破产法案 Antitrust Law 反托拉斯法 Bankruptcy court 破产法庭 Bankruptcy debtor 破产债务人 Bankruptcy notice 破产公告

Bankruptcy petition 要求宣布破产

Declaration of bankruptcy 宣告破产

Arrangement in bankruptcy court 破产法庭内的协调

Arrangement out of bankruptcy court 不经破产法庭的协调

Creditor’s equity 债权人权益 Bankruptcy trustee 破产受托人 Creditor’s meeting 债权人会议

Creditor of bankruptcy 破产债权人

MARKET AND COMPETITION 市场和竟争

Commodity market 商品市场 Securities market 证券市场 Bond market 债券市场 Stock market 股票市场 Futures market 期货市场 Options market 期权市场

Property rights market 产权市场 Capital market 资本市场 Free market 自由市场 Labour market 劳动力市场 Flea market 跳蚤市场 Bear market 股票市场的熊市 Bull market 股票市场的牛市 Market competition 市场竟争 Market development 市场开发 Market forecast 市场预测 Market potential 市场潜力 Market risk 市场风险 Market share 市场份额 Seller’s market 卖方市场 Buyer’s market 买方市场 Market abroad 海外市场 Marketability 市场能力 Marketable 销路好的

Marketing channel 销售渠道 Marketing strategy 销售战略

Competition market 竟争市场 Perfect competition 完全竟争

Imperfect competition 不完全竟争 Low-level competition 低水平竟争 Monopolistic competition 垄断竟争 Competitor 竟争对手

Natural monopoly 自然垄断

International monopoly 国际垄断 Market 市场

bear market 股票市场的熊市 bond market 证券市场 bull market 股票市场的牛市 capital market 资本市场

emerging market economic 新兴市场经济 majority market economic 成熟市场经济 market abroad 海外市场 market analysis 市场分析

market approach to fair market value 求得公

market competition 市场竟争

market demand price 市场需求价格 market development 市场开发

market economy country 市场经济国家 market factor 市场因素 market forecast 市场预测 market index 市场指数

market information 市场信息 market investigation 市场调查 market potential 市场潜力 market quotation 市场行情

market replacement cost 市场重置成本 market research 市场调查，市场研究 market risk 市场风险

market share 市场份额，市场占有率 market value method 市价法 market-oriented 面向市场的

market-to-cost method 市价成本法 property right market 产权市场 seller’s market 卖方市场

social market economy 社会主义市场经济 stock market 股票市场

Marketing 营销，市场销售

marketing channel 销售渠道，市场渠道 marketing cost 销售成本

marketing manager 市场销售经理 markrting strategy 市场经营战略 marketing system 市场体系 relationship marketing 关系营销

Asset, Liability And Equity 资产,负债和权益 Asset management 资产管理 Tangible assets 有形资产

Intangible assets 无形资产 Physical assets 实物资产 Fixed assets 固定资产 Current assets 流动资产

Current asset losses in suspense 待处理流动资产损失

Deferred assets 递延资产 Other assets 其它资产

Total assets 总资产 Net assets 净资产

Book value of the assets 资产的账面值

Non-ledger assets 帐外资产

Asset account 资产账户

Asset disposal 资产处置

Asset depreciation 资产折旧

Asset inventory shorts 资产盘亏

Asset inventory surplus 资产盘盈 Asset retirement 资产报废 Asset revaluation 资产重估 Capital assets 资本资产 Monetary assets 金融资产 Mortgage assets 抵押资产 Long-term assets 长期资产

Liability 负债

Liability account 负债账户 Direct liability 直接负债

Current liability 流动负债 Liability out of book 账外负债 Long-term liability 长期负债 Book debt 账面负债

Asset liability ratio 资产负债比 Owner’s equity 所有者权益

Equity account 权益账户

Stockholders’ equity 股东权益 Preferred stock equity 优先股权益

Cumulative preferred stock 积累优先股 Non-cumulative preferred stock 非积累优先股

Convertible preferred stock 可转换优先股 Participating preferred stock 参加优先股 Non-Participating preferred stock 非参加优先股

Callable preferred stock 可赎回优先股 Common stock equity 普通股权益 Total equity 权益总额

企业评价指标

Assets Liabilities Ratio 资产负债率 Quick Ratio 速动比率 Current Ratio 流动比率 P/E ratio 市盈率

Current Liabilities to Net Worth 流动负债比净资产

Total Liabilities to Net Worth 总负债比净资产

Fixed Assets to Net Worth 固定资产比净资

Inventory Turnover Ratio 存货

Assets to Sales Sales to Net Working Capital 销售收入比流动资金净值

Accounts Payable to Sales 应付帐款比销售收入

Return on Sales(profit Margin)Return on Assets 资产收益率 Return on Total Assets 总资产收益率 Return on Shareholder’s Equity 股东权益收益率

Return on Investment 投资收益

Return on Net Worth(Return on Equity)净资产收益率

收益表 INCOME STATEMENT 销售收入 Sales Revenue

减：销售折扣与折让 Deduct: Sales Discount & Allowance

销售收入净值 Net Sales Revenue 减：销售税金 Deduct: Tax on Sales 销售成本 Coat of Sales

销售毛利 Gross Profit from Sales 减：管理费用 Deduct: Administration Expenses 财务费用 Financial Expenses 销售利润 Profit from Sales 加：其它业务利润 Plus: Profit from Other Operations 营业利润 Operating Profits 加：投资收益 Plus: Investment Income 营业外净收入 Non-Operating Revenue 以前年度利润调整 Adjustment of Earning of Prior Years 利润总额 Total Profits(Before Tax)减：所得税 Deduct: Income Tax 净利润 Net Profits

合并资产负债表 CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET 资产 Assets 流动资产 Current Assets 长期应收帐款 Long-term Receivable 长期投资 Long-term Investment 固定资产 Fixed Assets

原值 Original Coat

减：累计折旧 Deduct: Accumulated Depreciation 净值 Net Worth

在建工程 Construction in-progress 其它资产 Other Assets 资产总额 Total Assets

负债和权益 Liabilities & Equity 负债 Liabilities

流动负债 Current Liabilities 长期负债 Long-term Liabilities 负债合计 Total Liabilities 少数股东权益 Minority Interests 权益 Equity

实收资本 Paid-in Capital 资本公积 Capital surplus

保留盈利 Retained Earnings 权益合计 Total Equity

负债和权益总额 Total Liabilities & Equity BALANCE SHEET 资产负债表 ASSETS 资产

Cash and Equivalents 现金和视同现金 Accounts Receivable 应收帐款 Inventories 存货

Other Current Assets 其它流动资产 Total Current Assets 流动资产总计

Gross Prop.,Plant & Equip.财产，场房和设备原值

Accumulated Depreciation 累计折旧 Net property, Plant & Equip.财产，场房和设备净值

Other Assets 其它资产

Total Assets 总资产

LIABILITIES & EQUITY 负债和权益 Debt in Current Liabilities 流动负债 Accounts Payable 应付帐款 Income Taxes Payable 应付所得税 Other Current Liabilities 其它流动负债 long-term Debt 长期负债 Deferred Taxes 递延税金 Other Liabilities 其它负债 Minority Interest 少数股东权益 Total Liabilities 总负债

Preferred Stock Equity 优先股权益 普通股权益

Total Stockholders’ Equity 股东权益总计 Total Liabilities and Equity 负债权益总计 Economic经济的

economic analysis 经济分析

economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区

economic base 经济基础

economic community 经济共同体 economic cooperation zone 经济协作区 economic crisis 经济危机 economic cycle 经济周期 economic depression 经济萧条 economic efficiency 经济效益 economic entity 经济实体 economic forecast 经济预测 economic foundation 经济基础 economic growth rate 经济增长率 economic integration 经济一体化 economic miracle 经济奇迹 economic order 经济秩序 economic policy 经济政策 economic potential 经济潜力 economic prospect 经济展望 economic recovery 经济复苏 economic sanctions 经济制裁 economic situation 经济形势

economic system 经济体制，经济制度 economic value 经济价值

East Asia Economic Rim 东亚经济圈 Economics 经济学

economics of industry 工业经济学 economics of management 管理经济学 economics of scale 规模经济学 Economy 经济

closed economy 闭关自守经济 commodity economy 商品经济 economy measure 经济手段 economies of scale 规模经济 market economy 市场经济 mixed economy 混合经济 planned economy 计划经济 Enterprise企业

Entrepreneur 企业家

Enterpreneurial 企业家的

enterpreneurial courage 企业家的胆略 enterpreneurial spirit 企业家精神 Enterprise 企业

backbone enterprise 骨干企业 central enterprises 中央企业

collectively-owned enterprises 集体企业 combined enterprise 联合企业 enterprise accounting 企业会计

enterprise development fund 企业发展基金 enterprise law 企业法

enterprises’ management mechanisms 企业管理机制

foreign-funded enterprises 外资企业

large and medium-size enterprises 大中型企业

local enterprises 地方企业

modern enterprise system 现代企业制度 money-lossing enterprises 亏损企业 state-owned enterprises 国有企业

township enterprises 乡镇企业 Accountant会计师

Certified Public Accountant(CPA)注册会计师

chief accountant 总会计师 cost accountant 成本会计

certified management accountant(CMA)注册管理会计师

certified public accountant(CPA)注册会计师

Accounting会计，会计学

accounting classification 会计科目分类 accounting cycle 会计周期 accounting equation 会计方程式 accounting firm 会计事务所 accounting information 会计信息

accounting principles for business enterprise 企业会计原则

accounting statement 会计报表 accounting system 会计系统

accounting year 会计年度

accrual basis accounting 权责发生制会计方法记帐 现金会计方法记帐

All-purpose financial statement 通用财务报表

American Institute of Certified Public Accountants 美国注册会计师协会（AICPA)certified copy 正式核准的副本

certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表

certified invoice 证实发票

certified management accountant(CMA)注册管理会计师

certified public accountant(CPA)注册会计师

annual accounting 年度决算 annual audit 年度审计

annual balance sheet 年终决算表 annual budget 年度预算

annual financial report 年度财务报告 annual summary 年度汇总表

summary balance sheet 资产负债汇总表 Audit审计

annual audit 年度审计 audit certificate 审计证书 Audit Law 审计法

audit of financial statement 财务报表审计 external audit 外部审计

legally required audit 法定审计 Auditing firm 审计公司 Auditor 审计师

Account帐户，会计科目

accounting classification 会计科目分类 account balance 帐户余额 account payable 应付帐款 account receivable 应收帐款 accumulation account 累积帐户 assets account 资产帐户 bank account 银行帐户 capital account 资本帐户 cash account 现金帐户

checking account 支票帐户

clearing account 清算帐户，结算帐户 commission account 佣金帐户 cost account 成本帐户 deposit account 存款帐户

doubtful account 可疑帐户 equity account 股本帐户 expenses account 开支帐户

foreign currency account 外汇帐户 frozen account 冻结帐户 group account 集团帐户 inventory account 存货帐户 investment account 投资帐户 journal account 日记帐 ledger account 分类帐帐户 liability account 负债帐户 overdrawn account 透支帐户 property account 财产帐户 savings account 储蓄帐户

accrued expenses payable 应计未付费用 accrued income 应计收入

accrued interest on bonds 应计债券利息

accrued interest on investment 应计投资利息 accured interest patable 应计未付利息 accrued liability 应计负债 accrued profit 应计利润 accrued taxes 应计税款 accumulated amount 累计额 accumulated earnings 累计收益 accumulated funds 公积金

accumulated net income 累计净收益

accumulated profit 累计利润 accumulating capital 累计资本 accumulating losses 累计损失 Acid ratio 流动比率

actual assets 实际资产

actual cash value 实际现金价值 actual capital 实际资本 actual cost 实际成本 actual depreciation 实际折旧 actual value 实际价值 Adjusted 调整后的

adjusted acquisition cost 调整后购置成本 adjusted base 调整后基数

adjusted book balance 调整后的帐面余额 adjusted gross income 调整后的净收入 adjusted net profit 调整后的净利润 Adjustment 调整

adjustment account 调整帐户 预付

advance account 预付帐户 advance charge 预付费用 advance payment 预先付款 advance received 暂收款

Allocated cost 已分摊成本

Allocated cost of fixed assts 固定资产折旧 Allocation 分配，分摊

allocation of market 市场分配

allocation of purchase price 购置价格分摊（指成套设备）

allocation of quota 配额分配 allocation of resources 资源分配 allocation of shares 股金分配

allocation optimum 最优配置

allocations to accounting periods 会计期间内的分摊

Allotment 拨款

Amendment 修改

amendment of register 变更登记

American Society of Appraisers(ASA)美国评估师协会

Amortization 摊销，摊还 amortization fund 偿债基金

amortization of bond issued expense 债券发行费摊销

amortization of fixed asset 固定资产摊销 amortization of loan 分期偿还贷款 amortization schedule 摊销表 Amount 数量，总额，合计 amount guaranteed 担保额 amount of investment 投资额

amount of sales 销售额

financial statement analysis财务报表分析 analysis of assets changes 资产变动分析 analysis of balance sheet 资产负债表分析 balance sheet evaluation 资产负债表评价 analysis of business profit 企业利润分析 analysis of capital changes 资本变动分析

analysis of changes in financial position 财务状况变动分析

balance sheet 资产负债表

balance sheet audit 资产负债表审计

balance sheet classification 资产负债表分类

certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表

classified balance sheet 分类资产负债表 current account balance sheet 流动资产负债表

current account balance sheet 流动资产负债表

analysis of variance 方差分析 gross profit analysis 毛利分析 investment analysis 投资分析 market analysis 市场分析 macro analysis 微观分析 qualitative analysis 定性分析 quantitative analysis 定量分析 ratio analysis 比率分析 return analysis 回报分析 sales analysis 销售分析 Analytical model 分析模型 bad account 坏帐，呆帐 bad debt loss 坏帐损失

bad debt recovey 呆坏帐收回

bad title 失效产权

Balance 余额，结余，差额，平衡 adverse balance 收支逆差 balance budget平衡预算

balance of international trade 国际贸易差额 balance of payment 国际收支 closing balance 期末差额 credit balance 贷方余额

foreign currency balance 外汇余额 keep balance 保持平衡 loss balance 失去平衡

negative balance 逆差

retained balance from foreign exchange revenue 外汇收入留成余额 book depreciation 帐面折旧 book-entry securities 记帐证券 book inventory 帐面库存 book of account 帐簿

book profit 帐面利润

book value per share 每股帐面价值 Cash 现金

cash account 现金帐户 cash assets 现金资本 现金审计

cash balance 现金余额

cash equivalent 视同库存现金 cash flow analysis 现金流量分析 cash in bank 银行现金 cash in hold 库存现金 cash payment 现金支付 cash purchase 现金购买 cash transaction 现金交易 free cash flows 活动现金流 Certified 注册的，合格的 certified appraiser 注册评估师

certified copy 正式核准的副本

certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表

certified invoice 证实发票 certified mortgage 证实抵押 finance charges 财务费用 Classification 分类，科目 classification item 分类项目

classification of accounts 帐户分类 classification of assets 资产分类

classification of property 财产分类 classification schemes 分类表 Classified 分成类的

classified balance sheet 分类资产负债表 classified depreciation 分类折旧 coding of account 帐户代码 coding of assets 资产代码 Closing 结算，结帐，收盘 closing account 结帐，结算 closing cost 成交价

closing inventory 期末存货 Consolidated 合并的，综合的

consolidated balance sheet 合并资产负债表 consolidated financial statement 合并决算表 consolidated income statement 合并损益表，综合损益表

consolidated profit and loss statement 汇总损益表

consolidated retained earning 合并留存收益 consolidated statement 汇总报表 Cost 成本，费用

acquisition cost 购置成本

actual cost 实际成本

anticipated cost method 预期成本法 average cost平均成本 borrowing-cost 借债成本 carrying cost 维持成本 cost account 成本帐户 cost accounting 成本会计 cost allocation 成本分摊 cost analysis 成本分析

cost and benefit analysis 成本收益分析 cost approach to fair market value 求得公平市场价值的成本法 cost control 成本控制 cost distribution 成本分摊 cost free 免费

cost method 成本法 cost objective 成本目标 cost of capital 资金成本 cost of investment 投资成本 cost of management 管理费 cost of marketing 营销成本

cost of replacement 重置成本法

cost of reproduction less depreciation 重置成本减折旧

cost of sales 销售成本

cost-benefit analysis 成本收益分析 cost-effectiveness 成本效益 cost-of-living index 生活费指数 cost plus 成本加价

indirect cost 间接成本 marginal cost 边际成本 material cost 材料成本 opportunity cost 机会成本 ordering cost 订货成本 sunk costs 沉没成本 variable costs 变动成本

第二篇：关于社会政治与经济类的英语热点翻译

关于社会政治与经济类的英语热点翻译

在我们的课本中涉及了许多关于社会政治与经济类的英语热点翻译，现总结如下：

Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放

The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建设有中国特色的社会主义理论 The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论 One focus, two basic points 一个中心，两个基本点 Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心 Adhere to the four cardinal principles 坚持四项基本原则 Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放

Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, maintaining stability扩大开放，促进发展，保持稳定

Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces是否有利于发展社会主义生产力

Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country是否有利于增强综合国力

Whether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living standard是否有利于提高人民生活水平

Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体 Common development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展

Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革

Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革发展和稳定的关系 Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展 Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步 Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位

Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力 Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制 A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施 Reform and opening up policy 改革开放政策 Reform measures 改革措施 Speed up reform 加快改革

Reform of economic system 经济体制改革 Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革

Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理 Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革 Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革 Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通体制改革 Reform of foreign trade system 外贸体制改革 Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革 Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革 Reform of housing system 住房制度改革 Planning system 计划管理体制

Transferring the function of government 转换政府职能 Open door policy 开放政策 Open economy 开放经济

Open-door to the outside world 对外开放 Opening up 扩大开放

Open domestic market 开放国内市场

Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引进外国的资金，先进技术和 managerial experiences 管理经验

Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区 Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区 One country, two systems 一国两制 Special administrative region 特别行政区

Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭联产承包责任制 to the household Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距 Eliminate poverty 消除贫困 Common prosperity 共同富裕

ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 经济和市场经济 Socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济 Socialist sector of economy 社会主义经济成分 State-owned economy 国有经济 Non-state economy 非国有经济 Collective economy 集体经济 Individual economy 个体经济

Coexistence of various economic composition 多种经济成分共存

Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展

National economic budget 国民经济预算

Comprehensive development of economy 经济综合发展

Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略 Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏观经济政策理论 Macroeconomic decision 宏观经济决策 Microeconomic phenomenon 微观经济现象 Traditional planned economy 传统的计划经济 Stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展 Commodity economy 商品经济 Market economy 市场经济 Free market economy 自由市场经济 Developed market economy 发达的市场经济 Developing market economy 发展中的市场经济 Emerging market economy 新兴市场经济 Mature market economy 成熟市场经济 Market economy country 市场经济国家 Extensive economy 粗放型经济 Intensive economy 集约型经济

Transform the extensive economic 粗放型经济转变为 mode into intensive one 集约型经济 Mixed economy 混合经济 Regional economy 地区经济

Internal-oriented economy 内向型经济 Closed economy 闭关自守经济 Economic growth point 经济增长点 Economic growth mode 经济增长方式 Economic growth rate 经济增长率 Economy measure 经济手段

Diversified economy 多种经济，多样化经济 Economic situation 经济形势 Economic cycle 经济周期 Economic fluctuation 经济波动 Economic miracle 经济奇迹 Economic take-off 经济起飞 Economic recovery 经济复苏 Economic potential 经济潜力 Economic sanction 经济制裁 Global economy 全球经济 Economic globalization 经济全球化

Integration of world economy 世界经济一体化 International economic integration 国际经济一体化 New international economic order 国际新经济秩序 Multi-polarization of world economy 世界经济多极化 Economic community 经济共同体 MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控 Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控 Soft landing 软着路

Macro-economic situation 宏观经济形势

Macro control and micro invigoration 宏观控制与微观搞活 Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 总量控制与经济结构调整 Tight control on investment in fixed assets 紧缩固定资产投资控制 Tight financial and monetary policy 从紧的金融货币政策 Moderately tight monetary policy 适度从紧的货币政策 Moderately tight credit policy 适度从紧的信贷政策 Loosening tight monetary policy 放松紧缩的货币政策 Adequate amount of the money supply 适度货币供应量 Excessive amount of currency issue 过度货币发行量 Maintain monetary stability 保持货币稳定 Cheap money policy 低息货币政策 Adjustment of interest rate 利率调整 Cut interest rate 降低利率 Control of interest rate 利率控制 Deflation policy 紧缩政策 Market intervention 市场干预 State intervention 国家干预 Administrative interference 行政干预 Administrative intervention 行政干预 Administrative measure 行政措施 Economy measure 经济手段

Risk-control mechanism 风险控制机制 Overheated economy 过热的经济

Consumer price index 消费品价格指数 Commodity price index 商品物价指数 Retail price index 零售物价指数 Average price index平均物价指数 Cost-of-living index 生活费用指数 Control of inflation 通货膨胀控制

Demand-pull inflation 需求拉动的通货膨胀 Double digit inflation 两位数字通货膨胀 Excessive inflation 过度的通货膨胀 Galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀 Hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀 Hidden inflation 隐性通货膨胀 Structural inflation 结构性通货膨胀

Stagflation 经济停滞型的通货膨胀 Inflation factor 通货膨胀因素 Inflation of credit 信用膨胀 Inflation rate 通货膨胀率

Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力

Curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀

Curb the real estate craze 抑制房地产热 Development zone craze 开发区热

Overall demand and supply 总需求和总供给 Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡 Supply and demand relation 供求关系 Supply over demand 供过于求 Supply exceeds demand 供过于求 Economic crisis 经济危机 Economic depression 经济萧条

MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 国有资产管理

Establish a system for the management, supervision 建立国有资产管理，监督和营运体系 and operation of State assets

Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革

Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and 产权清晰，责权明确，政企分开，responsibilities, separating ownership from daily 管理科学 management and adopting scientific management

Regulation on the supervision and management 国有企业监督管理条例 of the state-owned enterprises

Laws and regulations on the administration of 国有资产管理法律法规 state-owned property

Operate independently, assume sole responsibility 自主经营，自负盈亏，自我发展，for its profits and losses, seek self-development 自我约束 and self-reliance

Uphold the principle of separating the functions of 坚持政企分开的原则，转变政府

government from those of enterprises and alter the 经济管理职能

government’s role in economic management Safeguard state property 保卫国有资产

Preserve and increase value and prevent losses 保值增值防止流失 Prevent the drain of State-owned property 防止国有资产流失 Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革 Definition of property rights 产权界定 Clarification of property rights 明晰产权 Registration of property rights 产权登记

Annual checks of the registration of property rights 产权登记年检 Certificate of title 产权证书 Change of registration 变更登记

Change of title 产权变更

Transfer of property rights 产权转让 Transaction of property rights 产权交易 Property rights transfer agency 产权交易机构 Inspection of assets 资产清查

Re-evaluation of fixed assets 固定资产重估 Asset appraisal 资产评估 Productive assets 经营性资产 Non-productive assets 非经营性资产 Return on assets 资产收益 Balance sheet 资产负债表

Consolidated balance sheet 合并资产负债表 Reform of State-Owned Enterprises国有企业改革

第三篇：考研经济类词汇总结

time-honored brand老字号 net bargainer就是指“网络议价师 factory prices（出厂价）bargain basement（减价商品部）

bargain hunter（减价品搜寻者，专买便宜货的人）bargain book（特价图书，廉价图书）net capital的意思是“净资本”

working/circulating capital（流动资金）fixed capital（固定资本）human capital（人力资本）physical capital（物质资本）trade rows就是“贸易纠纷” anti-dumping duties（反倾销税）anti-subsidies investigation（反补贴调查）special protectionist tariffs（特保关税）export control（出口管制）

super online banking system“超级网银 interbank transfers（跨行转账

interbank balance inquiries（跨行余额查询）home banking（家居银行）

local government-backed investment units就是我们说的“地方融资平台 financing vehicles（融资工具）MTN（medium term note，中期票据 corporate bonds（企业债券）

carbon exchange centers就是指“碳交易中心 carbon emissions（碳排放 energy consumption（能耗）administrative measures（行政措施 market-based means（市场手段）housing vacancy rate就是指“住房空置率 investors-owners（投资业主）field testing（现场测试 house inspector就是“验房师”

standards regulated by the government（政府制定的标准

tail-raising factor就是指“翘尾因素”，也称为carryover effects（滞后影响）PMI，purchase management index（采购经理人指数）PPI，producer price index（工业品出场价格指数）luxury goods market（奢侈品市场）stress test指的是“压力测试” stress tolerance（抗压能力）

hi-tech export control（高科技出口管制 one-off revaluation就是“一次性重估调整” service outsourcing industry就是“服务外包行业”

信息技术外包服务”（Information Technology Outsourcing，简称ITO）业务流程外包服务”（Business Process Outsourcing，简称BPO）dual-currency card就是指“双币卡”

third-party payment platform（第三方支付平台）POS point of sales 销售点终端机 counting fee就是指“点钞费

payment /clearing system（支付体系）

Non-cash payment instruments（非现金支付工具 debit card（借记卡）credit card（信用卡）

private investment就是指“民间投资” Monopoly industry垄断行业 refugee money（外逃资本）hoarding and profiteering 囤积居奇

business misconduct（商业不正当行为）tiered pricing for electricity（阶梯电价）save energy and cut emissions（节能减排）high energy-consuming industry（高耗能产业）a uto replacement（汽车以旧换新）energy efficient products（节能产品 congestion fee就是指“交通拥堵费” 单双号限行：odd-and-even license plate rule 错时上下班：staggered rush hour plan 公交专用车道：bus lane

快速公交专用车道: Bus Rapid Transit(BRT)vehicle and vessel tax就是“车船使用税 tax refund（退税，税收返还）individual income tax（个人所得税 value-added tax（增值税

mobile payment就是指“移动支付” illegal business dealing（非法经营）insider trading（内幕交易）corporate bribery（单位行贿）回扣（kickback）手续费（commission fee）contract violation就是指“合同违约” back pay（拖欠薪水）labor arbitration（劳动仲裁）liquidated damages（违约金）late payment（逾期付款）

incomplete/unfinished building（烂尾楼）non-owner-occupier 非自住业主 price difference（差价）seckilling “秒杀”

central enterprise就是“中央企业”，简称“央企”

merger（兼并）、consolidation（合并）和regrouping（重组）social security tax就是指“社会保障税” social security fee（社会保险费）social security fund（社保基金）windfall tax（暴利税）inheritance tax（遗产税）financial services park “金融服务区 business park（工商业园区）high-tech park（高新技术园区）demonstration park（示范园区）residential land就是“居住用地” well-being issue（民生问题）

houses with limited property rights（小产权房）dodgy service center冒牌服务中心 guarantee period保修期

正规服务中心genuine service center 正式服务中心official service center 授权服务中心authorized service center

revaluation of the renminbi（对人民币汇率重新评估）rate fine-tuning（汇率微调 currency appreciation（货币升值）appreciate sharply（升值过猛）huge job losses（大量就业岗位消失）second board（创业板）

free sightseeing e-coupon就是指“免费景区电子门票” malfeasant/unfair competition（不正当竞争）warrantee period（保质期）

business misconduct “商业不正当行为 one-stop service（一站式服务）

economic development model “经济发展模式 industrial restructuring（产业结构调整）on-site recruiting “现场招聘” asset bubble “资产泡沫 bubble economy（泡沫经济）stock market bubble（股市泡沫 abor shortage “劳动力短缺

labor surplus/redundance（劳动力过剩 surplus rural workers（农村剩余劳动力）left-behind children 留守儿童

labor intensive industry 劳动密集型产业 knowledge intensive（知识密集型 technology-intensive（技术密集型 discount rate “贴现率” courier firm “快递公司”

房地产市场 real estate market/property market 房地产市场过热 overheated property sector 房价 property price/housing price 普通购房者 private homebuyer 房产中介 real estate agent 首付 down payment 分期付款 payment by installment 月供 monthly installment payment 廉租房 low-rent housing 经济适用房 affordable housing 闲置地产 vacant property 现房 complete apartment 期房 forward delivery housing 商品房 commercial residential building 政策性住房 policy-related house 按揭购房 buy a house on mortgage 二手房 second-hand house 物业税 property tax 购房契税 property deed tax 印花税 property stamp duty 囤地 land reserves 楼层建筑面积 floor space 塔楼 tower building 一期/二期 first/second stage 板楼 slab-type apartment building 容积率capacity rate 停车位 parking space 住房公积金贷款 housing provident fund/ housing accumulation fund 房产证 property ownership certificate 炒房者 real estate speculator 观望态度 wait-and-watch attitude 房屋空置率 housing vacancy rate 增值地价 added-value fees 投机性房产交易 speculative property transactions 房地产泡沫 property bubble 商业地产 commercial property 住宅地产 residential property 售后回租（即租回已出售的财产）leaseback 土地使用证 land use certificate 商住综合楼 commercial/residential complex 地段等级 ocation classification 重点开发区 key zones for development 旧区改造 reconstruction of old area 折旧费 depreciation allowances 维修费 allowances for repairs and maintenance 抵押贷款欠额 unpaid mortgage balance 便利设施 amenities 分租合住的经济公寓 tenement 社区community 钉子户 nail household 描述经济危机的词汇：

经济危机 economic crisis/ financial crisis/ financial turmoil/financial meltdown 经济不景气 recession/ bleeding economy/ depression/sluggish economy 萧条期 slump 失业 lose one’s job/ be unemployed/ be redundant

失业加剧 job losses mount/ unemployment climb失业人数 jobless number 找工作 seek employment 找工作者 job seeker 严峻的就业形势 a tough job market 欠薪 withhold wage 减薪 salary cut 信心下滑 confidence slump 经济复苏 economic recovery 经济危机的影响 the crisis' fallout 从以下词汇中可以大致了解我国在应对经济危机过程中所做的努力： 应对危机 face the crisis/ meet the crisis/ fight crisis 重建信心 confidence reconstruction 遏制衰退 containing declines 减缓衰退 slow down declines 安居工程 affordable/comfortable housing project 安置职工 staffing 保八 eight-percent protection 成本削减 cost-cutting 创造新的就业 generate new employment 刺激消费 stimulate consumer spending 恢复 revive/ recovery/ turnaround 积极的财政政策 proactive fiscal policy 减少裁员 refrain from laying off employees 减员 cut the salaried work force 结构调整 structural adjustment 经济刺激方案 stimulus package/ stimulus plan 就业指导 career guidance 抗风险能力 anti-risk capability 扩大内需 propel/ drive/ expand domestic demand 基础设施建设 infrastructure construction 减免税收 tax relief 例行节约 practice economy 适度宽松的货币政策 moderately loose monetary policy 削减生产 slash production 消费券 consumption coupon 小额贷款 loans of small amounts 政府紧急援助 government bailout 政府做某事的决心 government’s vow to do sth.中小型企业 SMEs complete apartment（现房）homegrown film就是“本土电影 government procurement就是“政府采购”

government purchasing procedure（政府采购程序）

实现transparency in transactions（交易透明）authorized suppliers（得到授权的供应商）

CPO（Chief-Procurement-Officer）“首席采购官，采购总监” cost-benefit analysis/cost-utility analysis（成本效益分析 stock index futures就是指“股指期货”

Financial futures金融期货：futures exchange外汇期货、interest rate futures利率期货

initial margins初始保证、financial derivative 金融衍生品

risk shifting风险转移 financial derivative金融衍生品 future transaction期货交易

outbound investment就是“境外投资”或“对外投资” foreign investment就是“外资 land conveyance fees（土地出让金）land revenues（土地收益）bilateral trade就是“双边贸易 multilateral trade（多边贸易）compensation trade（补偿贸易 leasing trade（租赁贸易 credit expansion就是“信用扩张” credit contraction（信用紧缩）malicious overdraft（恶意透支）credit investigation system（征信制度）year-end promotion“年末促销” durable goods就是“耐用品 vacant property“闲置地产 moveable property 动产 hidden income隐性收入 regular income常规收入 “隐性成本” implicit cost

隐性失业”是recessive unemployment differential pricing “差别计价 unit pricing（单位价格）overdraft limit（透支额度）debit card（借记卡）test screening就是“试映 trial operation 试运行、试车 trial and error（反复试验）

float(send up)a trial balloon（试探舆论 field trial（现场试验

preferred workplace就是“理想雇主 incremental cost就是指“边际成本”

marginal cost genetically modified organism 简称GMO，转基因生物 sublet house就是指“转租房屋” migrant population（流动人口 letting market（租赁市场）debt standstill“暂停偿债” rate fine-tuning “汇率微调 ground-source heat “地热” circular economy 循环经济

non-residential electricity “非居民用电” energy conservation awareness（节能意识）

resource efficient and environment-friendly society（能源节约和环境友好型社会）pre-order就是“预购

Sino-US trade tie（中美贸易关系）

FDI（foreign direct investment，外国直接投资 foreign-invested companies（外资公司）factory-gate price “出厂价格” purchase price（进货价格）preferential price（优惠价）market price（市场价）wireless local area network（WLAN，无线局域网）free in-flight Wi-Fi service（免费机舱无线上网）rat trading就是指“老鼠仓 light rail train“轻轨列车”

ordinary passenger train（普通客运列车）

fast/rapid train（快速列车）、express train（特快列车）、through train（直快列车）、stopping train/slow train（慢车）、nonstop express（直达特快列车）、bullet train（动车）

inflation expectation就是指“通胀预期” inflation rate（通货膨胀率）

investment-led growth（投资拉动型增长）domestic consumption（国内消费）buyout就是指“买断工龄” pay cuts（降薪）

buy out还可以表示“全部买进，买断/收购全部或大部分股份” buy-in却也是表示“买进、大量购买”

timeshare的意思是“分时使用的度假房”，或“分时度假房” timeshare broker（分时度假房产经纪）tunnel-bridge就是“隧桥” credit investigation就是“征信” credit report（信用报告）credit file（信用档案）

credit agency/organization（征信机构）credit limit（信用额度）rich list就是指“富豪榜” self-made（白手起家的）personal wealth（个人财富）net assets（净资产）

ranking list of universities（大学排行榜）stand-alone pavilion就是“独立展馆” exhibition hall（展览馆

rich second generation nouveau riche（新兴富裕）customs checkpoint就是指“海关检查站” reciprocal tariff（互惠关税）customs union（关税同盟）regional tariff（地区性关税）retaliatory tariff（报复性关税

punitive import tariff（惩罚性进口关税）law-abiding business people（守法商人）product placement“植入式广告” 隐性广告（recessive advertisement）软广告（blind advertising）

special protectionist tariffs“惩罚性关税” unfair competition（不公平竞争）trade war（贸易战）

solo vocal concert“个人演唱会” high-speed rail就是指“高速铁路” passenger rail lines（客运专线）

high-speed rail network（高速铁路专线网）ticket scalper（票贩子）黄牛 freight service（货运服务）joint bid就是指“联合竞标” first-half earnings report（上半年财报）listed company（上市工司）wherewithal（必要的资金 public bidding（公开招标 bidding documents（投标文件）bid bond（投标押金）

performance bond（履约保证金）bidding block（拍卖会场）

non-compete agreement “竞业禁止协议” insider information（内部消息）confidentiality agreement（保密协议）search traffic（搜索流量 local rival（本土竞争者）market share（市场份额）business zone（商业区）

economic development zone（经济开发区）free zone（外贸免税区）free trade zone（自由贸易区）

back-to-school shopping season “返校购物季” dead season或dull season（萧条季节，淡季）繁忙时节（rush season）转手交易wing transaction high-roller指“富人”

budgetary funds指“预算内资金” Small coffer 小金库

splurge common property（挥霍公共财物）social institutions（社会团体）state-run companies（国有企业）

and state-holding companies（国有控股企业）watchdog指的就是“监察部门，监督部门” fake / counterfeit goods（假货）consumer watchdog（消费维权机构）

watchdog journalism / supervision by public opinion（舆论监督）consumer rights（消费者权益 monopoly price就是指“垄断价格 price cutting（大减价）

price packing（故意提高开价, 以便藉口削价出售而实际赚大钱）selling price（售价）tag price（标价）monopoly profit（垄断利润）

extended edition “加长版”、portable edition（携带版）、special edition（特藏本）

abridged edition（节略本）、pocket edition（袖珍版）extend meaning（引申义）

an extended coverage（增加的保险承保范围）liquefied natural gas就是“液化天然气”，简称LNG “液化石油气”则是liquefied petroleum gas（LPG）page-rank就是指“网页排名”或者“网页等级” SEO（Search engine optimization（搜索引擎优化）real-time display（实时播放）real time information（实时信息）real-time search（实时搜索）sell-off就是“抛售” 表示股票价格“下跌”的动词很多，像dive，nosedive，plunge，plummet，tumble等这些动词都是形容股票的“大幅下跌”

表示股票“小幅下跌”，可以用dip，edge down，slip lower等。

如果要表示股票“大幅快速下跌”，则可以用crash，collapse，crumble，slump等。work out a practical scheme（制订出一个切实可行的计划）roughs out a scheme（草拟了一个计划）

new investor compensation scheme（新的投资者赔偿机制）bubble scheme（空头计划、骗局）food stamp就是“食品券” “印花税”就是tax stamp

the stamp of the age就是“时代的特征 profit warning就是指“盈利预警” “发布盈利预警”issue a profit warning “毛/净利” gross/net profits

small profits and quick returns（薄利多销）fat profit（巨额利润）

reap profits at the expense of others（损人利已）预警机制warning system tax shelter就是指“避税

Abusive tax shelter意思就是“滥用避税手段” over-the-counter market（OTC）就是指“店头市场”

over-leverage就是经济领域的“过度杠杆化” de-leverage就是“去杠杆化” commercial leverage就是指“商业调节手段”

short selling就是我们在股市里经常提到的“卖空”或“作空” “股票卖空的比例”则是short interest ratio A short sale就是指我们常听说的“空头交易” down payment首付

payment by installment（分期付款）required reserve ratio就是指“法定准备金率” flag-down fare起步价 foreclosure止赎权

foreclose做动词表示“取消抵押品赎回权” credit ceilings就是指“贷款限额” a windfall tax就暴利税 Anti-piracy反盗版 tax rebate出口退税

第四篇：社会政治与经济类英语热点词块

社会政治与经济类英语热点词块大全（1）

Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放

The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建设有中国特色的社会主义理论

The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论

One focus, two basic points 一个中心，两个基本点

Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心

Adhere to the four cardinal principles 坚持四项基本原则

Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放

Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, maintaining stability扩大开放，促进发展，保持稳定

Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces是否有利于发展社会主义生产力

Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country是否有利于增强综合国力

Whether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living standard是否有利于提高人民生活水平

Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体

Common development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展

Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立

Deepening economic reform深化经济改革

Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革发展和稳定的关系

Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展

Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步

Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位

Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力

Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制

A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施

Reform and opening up policy 改革开放政策

Reform measures 改革措施

Speed up reform 加快改革

Reform of economic system 经济体制改革

Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革

Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理

Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革

Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革

Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通体制改革

Reform of foreign trade system 外贸体制改革

Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革

Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革

Reform of housing system 住房制度改革

Planning system 计划管理体制

Transferring the function of government 转换政府职能

第五篇：经济类词汇翻译练习答案

经济类词汇翻译练习（答案）E-C 1.许多人还苦苦挣扎在贫困线上，缺乏食物和栖身之所。为什么不用有限的资金帮助他们脱贫呢？

2.政府的首要职责是帮助人民消除贫困、疾病和文盲。3.接受正规教育对于贫困地区的小孩而言是一种奢侈的梦想。4.私家车对于许多贫困的家庭来说是个奢侈品。5.帮助贫困地区儿童接受正规教育是值得称道的做法。

6.对于资金紧缺的政府而言，资助艺术家和戏剧公司是个沉重的经济负担，甚至是浪费纳税人的钱。

C-E 1.Many people are strongly against space research because they think it is an extravagant and wasteful project for developing countries.2.The development of tourism creates many job opportunities and great amounts of foreign currency.3.Playing computer games all day lavishes parents’ hard-earned money.4.Improving people’s welfare is the government’s obligation.5.Net-surfing is a costly hobby.6.Sending children to study abroad is a heavy financial burden on many families.