必修五英语第一单元练习

第一篇：必修五英语第一单元练习

Unit 1GreatScientists

语言要点

单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇

部分词语辨析 词形变化1.2.valuable adj.有价值的value n.价值value v.估价, 评价3.instruct v.教导，命令instruction n.指示，用法说明instructive adj.有益的，教育性的4.enthusiastic adj.热心的，热情的enthusiasm n.狂热，热心enthusiast n.热心家，狂热者重点单词

attend v.vt.出席, 参加, 照顾, 护理, 注意 vi.专心, 留意

expose vt.使暴露, 受到, 使曝光 v揭露 absorb vt.吸收;使(精神)贯注;吞并 blame n过失, 责备 vt.责备, 谴责 instruct vt.教, 教导, 命令, 指示, 通知 contribute vi．& vt．捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿重点词组„„之外;另外

make sense 有意义重点句1.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.2.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.3.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it „..重点语法词语辨析【解释】

haracteristic 并用其适当的形式填空

He proved himself true gentleman and the beauty of his _______ was seen at its best when he worked with others.People living in the city are different from those in the countryside in_________.What are the __________that distinguish the Chinese from the Japanese?

Chinese __________ attract a great number of foreigners all over the world.The main purpose of a play is to let the ________ speak for themselves as much as possible.Keys: 1)character2)character 3)

characteristics 4)character 5)character2).examine/ check /test 检查【解释】I was being _______ for a driving license for the third time.2）The doctor _________ him carefully.3）The interviewer always _______ her facts before sending them to the editor.Keys: 1)tested2)examined3)checks3)cure/ treat 治疗，【解释】Keys: 1)treated;cured4)blame/scold 责备【解释】责备；谴责； 归咎于指大声呵斥，责备，唠唠叨叨Don't _______ it on him, but on me.2）The parents ______ the naughty boy and asked him to leave the home at once.Keys: 1)blame 2)scolded5)reject /refuse 拒绝【解释】’s idea.2）I can’t stand working with Jane in the same office.She just ________to stop talking while she works.Keys: 1)rejected2)refusesII.词形变化 science n，科学scientific adj.科学的scientist n.科学家announce v．宣布announcement n.宣布announcer n，广播员，告知者instruct v.．指导，命令instruction n.指导，指示instructive adj.有益的，教育性的练习The ______ make a(n)________ that all the details should _______ through the broadcast.(announce)

3)It is ______and easy for the children to read some masterpieces with the _______ at the bottom of eachpage.(instruct)

4)“You don’t seem very ______ about the idea.” “I don’t mind,” she said, without much ______.(enthusiasm)

5)There is no any criterion to ______ whether it is _______ information.(value)

keys: 1)scientist;scientific;science 2)announcer;announcement;be announced 3)instructive;instructions

4)enthusiastic;enthusiasm 5)value;valuable Ⅲ．词汇vi.终结； 结束;推断； 决定 [典例]

1）The meeting concluded at ten o'clock.会议于十点钟结束。

2）It is hard to conclude.这很难断定。[重点用法]

conclusion n.结束,结论

make／draw／reach／come to／arrive at a conclusion

bring sth.to a conclusion使„结束；in conclusion作为结论，最后；Keys:1)We concluded that the blue team could not reach the destination on time.2)We concluded that he didn’t tell us the truth.That is, he was lying.2.attend v.1)注意；留意(与to连用)2)出席；到场：3)照看；照料：We'll attend to the problem later． 稍后我们将关注那个问题。Which doctor is attending you? 哪一个医生为你看病? [重点用法]

attendance n．出席，出席的人数，伺候，照料attend school上学

attend a lecture听讲座attend a wedding/ceremony出席婚礼‘参加典礼Keys: 1)They attended our affairs during our absence.2)He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening.3.exposevt.1)使暴露, 显露2)曝光3)揭露 [重点用法]

exposure n．(在日光、风雨、危险中)暴露，暴晒(后接to + n．)；(摄影的)曝光„.置身于„„;暴露于„[典例]

1）A real artist can always expose his students to good art and music

称职的艺术家总能使学生接触美好的艺术和音乐 2）This film has been exposed.这片子已经感光。3）He exposed the plan to the newspapers.他向几家报纸透露了这个计划。

4）Exposure to the cold wind left my lips feeling dry．我暴露在寒风中，觉得嘴唇干裂。

As a journalist in the war, she was exposed to many dangers.作为战地记者,她置身于多种危险中.[练习]用expose的恰当形式填空。

1）The soil was washed away by the flood，_____________bare rock．

2The baby was left ____________the wind and rain．3The _____________of the plot against the President probably saved his life．Keys: 1)exposing2)exposed to3)exposure 4.absorb

1)吸收2)使(精神)贯注3)占用(时间)[重点用法]

be absorbed in 全神贯注于;热衷于;absorb one’s attention吸引某人注意力 [典例]

1）The equipment can absorb moisture from the air这一设备能从空中吸收水分

2）He is absorbed in study.他专心读书。3）This job absorbs all of my time.这件工作占用了我的全部时间。[练习] 汉译英

颜色丰富的东西总能轻易地吸引孩子们的注意力。__________________________________________________________________________________________ 这双新鞋特别设计了吸收能量的作用。

__________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1)Things in colour can often absorb children’s attention easily.2)The new shoes are specially designed to absorb the energy.5.blame vt．责备；谴责；归咎于；．责；(过失、过错)责任

The careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident happening yesterday．

那个粗心的司机该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。Who is to blame for the failure?谁该为这次的失败负责?

The student blamed the teacher for his failure．学生因失败而怪老师。blame sb．for(doing)sth．因(做)某事而指责某人

blame sth．on sb．因某事而指责某人

sb．be to blame for(doing)sth．因(做)某事某人应

注意: be to blame 应负责(无被动形式)。

Keys: 1)It seemed that the water was to blame.2)Nobody is to blame for it.3)He blames you for neglect of duty.6.instruct vt教导;指示

[典例]

1）Miss Liu instructed a class in math last year.刘老师去年给一个班学生上数学课.2）The volunteers often go to an orphan home to instruct orphans.in English

这些志愿者经常去孤儿之家去教他们英语.3）He was instructed when to start through the email.他从邮件中得到出发时间的通知

4）He was instructed to sail for New York.他奉命前往纽约。[重点用法]

instruct sb.(in sth.)教, 教导,传授技能 instruct sb.to do;instruct wh-命令, 指示, instruct that-clause通知 [练习] 汉译英

1）老职工对青年职工言传身教.__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2）同时要求孩子们放学后留在教室里.__________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1)The old workers instruct the young workers not only in words, but by deeds.2)The children were also instructed not to leave the classroom after class.7.contribute vi．&vt．捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿 He contributed to the church．

2）He often contributes to this newspaper．他经常向这家报社投稿。Cigarette smoking is a major factor contributing to cancer． [重点用法]

contribution.n.捐献，贡献；投稿contribute„to „向„„捐献(投稿)contribute to„促成，起作用，有助于

make a contribution to／towards向„„捐赠；对„作出贡献

以上短语中to为介词；

1)Everyone is encouraged to ___________ the discussion.2)Her work has ___________ our understanding of this difficult subject.3)She has __________ poems to literary

magazines．Keys:1)contribute to2)contributed to3)contributed

Ⅳ重点词组（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1．put forward(建议等)；推荐某人或自己任职位；提名

He put forward a new plan yesterday．

2）May I put your name forward as a p【新编资料】2013-2014学年高中英语（新人教版 必修五）导学案：Unit1 Great Scientists（33页）

第二篇：高二英语必修五练习

Unit 1 Great scientists

一、单词拼写（须用本单元的单词和词汇）

1.This new e _______________for the car works well.2.The farmers in this area had a good harvest last year thanks to the s______________ farming.3.The doctor had my eyes e _____________for weakening.4.The meeting c________________ at eight o'clock.5.They were d _______________ in their attempt（企图）to reach the top of the mountain.6.The little brave girl e _________________ the crime（罪行）of the criminal（罪犯）。

7.He was a____________________ in the book.8.He b ____________________ me for my negligence（疏忽大意）。

9.I think you are too s_________________ on the boy.10.He finished his work in a p__________________ way.11.We must try to a________________the causes of the strike.12.He became e__________________ about classical music.13.He has c____________________the whole job already.14.Be c_________________ when you cross the street.15.You should not r_________________ the invitation from your old friend.16.The class needs a s__________________ teacher.17.Kindness is one of the prime minister's c __________________.二、短语翻译

1.提出

____________________

2.得出结论____________________

3.也，另外___________________

4.将……和……连接起来_____________

5.对……严格的____________________

6.有意义______________________

7.通向，导致___________________

8.继续工作____________________

三、完成句子

1.除了这些理由以外，他无话可说了

______________ ___________these reasons，he said nothing.2.我们的英语老师对我们要求严格。

Our English teacher_____________ __________ ___________us.3.让我们一起去听来自北京大学的李教授的演讲

Let's _________the lecture by professor Li from Beijing University.4.他的粗心大意的驾驶导致了这起严重的交通事故。

His careless driving _________ ____________the serious traffic accident.5.他捐赠食物和衣服给红十字会。

He _____________food and clothing __________the Red Cross.Unit 2 The United Kingdom 词汇专项练习

一、单词拼写（须用本单元的单词和词汇）

1.The common interests u_________________ the two countries.2.The class ___________________of（组成）56 members.3.Our class is d_______________ into two groups during the discussion.4.What he said in the meeting p______________________ all of us.5.The bad ______________（影响）of the flood is that no people are dared to swim in that river.6.The c_______________ of transportation in this area brings hope to this mountain village.7.Her beautiful singing drew the a_____________ of the professor.8.The film “Hero” has much a________________ for the youth.9.The habit of c____________________ stamps benefit him a lot.10.U______________ is a particular type of clothing worn by all the members of a group or organization such as the police，the army，etc.二、短语翻译

1.将……分成_____________________

2.省去；漏掉_______________________

3.令人吃惊的是____________________

4.脱离_________________________

三、完成句子

1.If you continue working like that，your body will________ _______（垮下来）。

2.Their____________（婚礼）will__________ _____________（举行）in May.3.这道数学题把小明给难住了，无论他怎么努力也无法计算出正确的答案。

This maths problem ___________Xiaoming.No matter how hard he tried，he couldn't _________ ___________ the right answer

4.陈水扁想把台湾从中国分裂出去的企图永远不可能得逞。

Chen Shuibian's attempt to __________Taiwan ________ ___________China could not be achieved forever.5.未来，地铁将会逐步取代公共汽车成为人们的主要交通工具。

The underground will_______ _______ _______ _______the bus to become the main vehicle for the people in the future.6.我们没有必要再浪费时间讨论去哪儿度假了，因为计划已取消了。

There is ______ __________ that we'll waste time discussing where to go for our holiday，for the plan has been cancelled.7.很使我感到高兴的是，父亲给我买了一台电脑作为生日礼物。

__________ to my joy，Father bought me a computer _______ a birthday gift

8.托尼踢足球时，他的腿受伤了。

Tonny ________one of his legs _______when playing football.9.今天下午教室里竟然一个人也没有，真是奇怪。

_______ _______ __________that there shouldn't have been any student in the classroom.Unit 3 Life in the future I.Vocabulary 1.Two men are a______________the police in their enquires.2.You will be r_______________to assist Mrs Smith in preparing a report.3.Take two of the t_________________three times daily before meals.4.Decide what you want to do, don‟t just i________________ others.5.A new factory is to be l______________________ in the city center.6.His first speech as president made a strong i_________________ on his audience.7.Applicants for the job must have p________________ experience.8.He‟s c_______________disturbing me.9.I r____________her how much the fare was.II.Useful Phrases 1.接受_______________________ 2.立刻，马上__________________ 3.消失，看不见__________________ 4.打扫，横扫___________________ 5.突然看见____________________ 6.有可能______________________ III.Complete the following sentences according to the texts.1.___________ ___________(担心)the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.2.As a result, I ___________ ___________（遭受）“time lag”.3.This ___________ ___________ ___________(与…相似)the “jet lag” you get when flying.4.I found later that their leaves __________ the house __________（给…提供）much –needed oxygen.5.They are purple or blue and the colour changes ___________ ___________（取决于，依赖于）their mood.6.Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the ___________ ___________(缺乏)fresh air.Part 4 Multiple Choice 1.Soon we lost sight of that famous astronomer _________ himself LiQiang.A.called

B.calling C.to call D.call 2.______________ from the heart trouble for years, he has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.A.Suffered B.Suffering

C.Having suffered D.Being suffered 3.Though ________ money, his parents managed to send him to school.A.lacked

B lacking of

C.lack of D.lacking 4.One island and two lakes _______________ the country.A.make up B.makes up of C.is made up of D.consists of

5.___________ in her skirt, the little girl tried to make herself ___________ at the party.A.Dressed;notice B.Dressing;noticed C.Dressed;noticed D.Dressing;noticing

6.He is the only one of the students who _________________ a winner of scholarship for three years.A.is

B.are

C.have been

D.had been 7.She was glad to have a comfortable chair ________________.A.sit

B.to sit

C.sitting D.to sit in

8.The university wants its undergraduates to _______ a regional language, if time permits A.take up

B.take after

C.take on

D.take over 9.Generally speaking, when_______ according to the directions, the medicine has no side effect.A.taken

B.taking

C.to take

D.to be taken 10.Information has been published_______ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.which

B.what

C.that

D.when 11.In the traffic accident, his father came close to________.A.be killed

B.being killed

C.kill

D.killing 12.There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.A.making

B.to make

C.to have made

D.having made

Unit 4 Making the news 词汇专项练习

一、单词拼写（须用本单元的单词和词汇）

1.After graduation he took an o______________ as a teacher in the city.2.An expert is a man who is engaged in p______________ business.3.All his c______________ who work with him in the same factory are all ready to help others.4.You should c_____________ on your work when you study.5.We also can a__________________ knowledge during playing.6.He hit me on the head with a ball d_____________ which made me very angry.7.He felt g________________ after he stole some money from the old couple.8.He worked as a e________________ in that newspaper.9.She graduated from English d__________________ of Beijing University.10.Don't just say almost，nearly……，what we need is a____________ number.11.Before marrying，they always made an a ___________ in that park.12.Her father will never a_____________of her marriage to you.二、短语翻译

1.全神贯注于____________

2.因……指责或控告_____________

3.为了（做……）______________

4.依靠；依赖_________________________________________

5.传递______________________________________________

6.从事于____________________________________________

三、完成句子

1.They found that cave_________ _________（意外地, 偶然地）。

2.They are all________ ____________that idea（反对）。

3.You should concentrate yourselves on the class and avoid ________ ________.4.The famous professor has been __________ _________（指控）stealing his student's ideas and publishing them.5.What the government has done this year will be of________ _______（对… 有益）all the citizens living in Guangzhou.6.___________ had they got to the airport __________（一…就）the plane took off.Unit 5 First aid 词汇专项练习

一、单词拼写（须用本单元的单词和词汇）

1.The lung is an o________________ and so is the heart.2.He tried to kill himself by taking p_________________.3.He has gone to the hospital for special t__________________.4.I was only m_______________ interested in the story I read in the newspaper.5.Her ankle s_____________ after the fall.6.Her foot was very s_________________ after the accident.7.I can't s______________________ toothpaste out of the tube.8.What is the typical s______________________ of SARS？

9.She is suffering from a lung i___________________.10.He p________ a silver cup to the winner.11.Did you attend your uncle's wedding c__________________.12.An a________________ is a vehicle for taking people to and from hospital.13.A b_______________ is a long strip of cloth which is covered around a wounded part of someone's body to protect or support it.14.The streets in the centre of the city were c__________up with traffic because of an accident.15.The storm did a lot of d______________ to the building and crops in Hunan province.二、短语翻译

1.阻止（某人）做……___________________________

2.触感________________________________

3.挤出；榨出____________________________

4.在适当的位置______________________________

5.反复，多次____________________________

6.开展，执行___________________________________

7.找到___________________________________

8.许多，大量______________________________

9.自豪_________________________________

10.砍掉，砍伐____________________________

三、完成句子

1.He suddenly________ _________ __________ _______（昨晚他突然病了）。

2.Sunglasses can_______ ________ ________ _________ the sun' s rays（保护我们的眼睛免受……）。

3.You may __________ ______________（烫伤）by hot liquids.4.First degree burns __________ ___________when they are pressed（变成白色）。

参考答案1：

一、1.engine 2.character 3.scientific 4.examined 5.concluded

6.defended 7.exposed 8.absorbed 9.blamed 10.severe

11.positive 12.analyse 13.enthusiastic 14.completed 15.spin

16.cautious 17.reject 18.view 19.movement 20.strict 21.characteristics

22.concluded 23.expose 24.valuable 25.enthusiastic 26.defeat

27.absorbed 28.cures 29.virus 30.analyse

二、1.steam engine 2.put forward 3.draw a conclusion 4.in addiction

5.link…to

6.be strict with 7.make sense 8.lead to 9.point of view work on

三、1.Apart from 2.is strict with 3.attend 4.led to 5.contributed to 参考答案2：

一、1.united 2.consists 3.divided 4.puzzled 5.influence

6.convenience 7.attention 8.attraction 9.collecting 10.industrial

11.convenience 12.attraction 13.puzzle 14.uniform 15.suggestion

16.thrilled 17.splendid 18.debating 19.influence 20.construct

二、1.divide…into 2.The Union Jack 3.leave out

4.to one„s surprise 5.break away from

三、1.puzzle 2.project of protecting 3.arranging 4.break down

5.wedding take place 6.puzzle ； work out 7.which； tourist attraction

8.break away from 9.take the place of 10.are debating about

11.rising； setting 12.for the second time 13.looked around； putting

14.in sight 15.moved to； installed 16.no need； cancelled

17.referred to 18.Much； as 19.had hurt 20.It was strange Unit 3 Life in the future 参考答案3 Part 1

1.assisting

2.required

3.tablets

4.imitate

5.located

6.impression 7.previous

8.constantly

9.reminded Part 2

1.take up 2.in no time 3.lose sight of

4.sweep up 5.catch sight of 6.It is likely that Part 3

1.Worried about

2.suffered from

3.is similar to

4.provided;with 5.depending on

6.Confused;lack of Part 4 Multiple Choice 1-5 BCDAC 6-10 ADAAC 11-12 BB Unit 4参考答案4：

一、1.occupation 2.professional

3.colleague

4.concentrate 5.acquire

6.deliberately 7.guilty

8.editor

9.department 10.accurate

11.appointment

12.approve

二、1.Concentrate …on

2.accuse…of 3.so as to 4.depend on

5.pass on

6.work on

三、1.by accident/chance 2.opposite to 3.defend ； against

4.accused of 5.benefit to 6.Hardly； when

Unit 5

一、1.organ

2.poison

3.treatment

4.mildly

5.swelled

6.swollen

7.squeeze

8.symptom

9.infection 10.presented

11.ceremory 12.ambulance 13.bandage

14.choked 15.damage

二、1.prevent sb from doing sth 2.sense of touch 3.squeeze out 4.in place

5.over and over again 6.carry out 7.put one„s hands on

8.a number of 9.be proud of 10.cut off

三、1.fell ill last night 2.protect our eyes from

3.get burnt

4.turn white

第三篇：高二英语必修五第一单元导学案[模版]

Unit 1 Words and expressions 预习案

TaskⅠ词性变化

1.science(n.)科学 → _____________(adj.)科学的 →____________(n.)科学家 2.conclude(vt.& vi.)结束;推断出 → _______________(n.)结论;结束 3.analyse(vt.)分析 → __________(n.)分析

4.attend(vt.)照顾;护理;出席;参加 → _____________(n.)出席, 到场;看护;照料

5._____________(n.)医生，内科医师 → physics(n.)物理学

6.expose(vt.)暴露;揭露;使曝光 →________________(n.)暴露;曝晒;揭发 7.foresee(vt)___________(过去式)– ____________(过去分词)预见，预知 8.pollute(vt.)污染;弄脏 → ______________(n.)污染

9.announce(vt.)宣布;通告 → _________________(n.)宣布;通告

10.instruct(vt.)命令;指示;教导 →_________________(n.)命令;指示

11.responsible(adj.)有责任的，负责的 → _______________(n.)责任，职责，义务

12.construct(vt.)建设，修建 → ________________(n.)建设，建筑物

13.contribute(vt & vi.)捐献，贡献，捐助 → ____________(n.)贡献，捐献，投稿

14.creative(adj)有创造力的，创造性的，独创的 →____________(vt)创造，创作 15.put ___________ 提出

16._______ conclusion（=to conclude）最后

17.expose „_______„（be _________ to）使显露，暴露

18.cure sb.__________„ 治愈某人„„

19.absorb oneself ________ „(be _____________ in„)全神贯注于„„ 20.suspect sb._______„ 疑心某人犯有„„

21.blame sb.________ sth.因某事儿责备某人

22.blame sth.________ sb.把某事怪到某人头上

23.be ______ _________(for..)(因„„)应受责备，应负责人 24.be responsible _____„

对„„负责

25.contribute ______有助于„„，捐献

26.apart _______ 除„„之外，此外

27.(be)strict _______„ 对„„严格

讲学案

重点词汇学习.阅读并翻译下列句子,体会其用法的不同,并进行归纳总结.1.conclude

e.g ①The meeting concluded without an agreement.②He concluded his speech with some amusing remarks.③ He concluded from the evidence that she was guilty.④You should think twice before making the decision.Don’t jump to conclusion.⑤He _______ the conclusion that the room must have been empty.【拓展】你知道“得出结论”有几种表达方式吗? _________________________________________________________________________ 2.attend

He did not attend the meeting yesterday.出席会议______________ 听演讲______________参加婚礼____________上学_____________去教堂_________ There was no one to attend(on)him but Tina.伺候/照料_____________ Who will attend(to)the patient if you go out?

I’ll attend to that problem later.照料，处理，专心于________________ ★【拓展】你知道“参加”有几种表达方式吗?他们有什么不同吗? ___________________________________________________________________________ 试辨别: They had a quiet wedding ─only a few friends ______ it.A.joined

B.attended

C.took part

D.join in 3.cure

The medicine should cure you of your cold.e.g①Parents try to cure their children of bad habits.②An effective cure for cancer has not yet been found.归纳:_______________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 【拓展延伸】辨别treat/cure The doctor _______ her cancer with a new medicine but didn’t _______ her.The doctor ______ her broken leg now.The doctor ______ the patient of his illness.4.absorb Clever children absorb knowledge easily.译为______________ Aspirin is quickly absorbed by /into the body.译为_____________ The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.______ The writer was absorbed in his writing.__________________ 5.blame He blamed his brother for breaking the window.The driver was not to blame for the accident.Don’t always put the blame for your failure on others.You must bear/take the blame for the accident.6.contribute The writer personally contributed$10,000 to the earthquake fund.He offered to contribute to the Red Cross.She had contributed to a newspaper.Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.He made great contributions to the film industry.固学案：即学活用

1.____ _______________, I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself.最后, 我想说说我过得有多么愉快。

2.From what he said, we have ______ _______ ______________ __________ they want to hold a party to celebrate their success.根据他所说的话, 我们断定他们想举行宴会来庆祝胜利。

3.句型转换。

If you expose yourself to sun for too much time, you will get sunburnt.→If you _____ ____________ ____sun for too much time, you will get sunburnt.→___________ ______sun for too much time, you will get sunburnt.（用分词短语作原因状语）4.Because John ____ __________ ____ his work, he forgot to inform him of it.由于专心工作, 约翰忘记通知他这件事。

______ ______ his work , John forgot to inform him of it.(用分词短语作原因状语改写上句)5.一句多译。(对比填空)她把婚姻的失败归咎于他。

① She _________ him _____ the failure of their marriage.(blame v.)②She _________ the failure of their marriage ___ him.(blame v.）

6.We consider that ______ _____ _____ ___ __________.我们认为你不应该受责备。7.Who _____ __________ a theory about black holes? 谁提出了黑洞理论?

8.What he did ___________ ______his success greatly.他所做的一切对他的成功很有助益。9.除了这些理由以外，他无话可说了

______________ ___________these reasons，he said nothing.10.我们的英语老师对我们要求严格。

Our English teacher_____________ __________ ___________us.11.让我们一起去听来自北京大学的李教授的演讲

Let's _____________the lecture by professor Li from Beijing University.12.他的粗心大意的驾驶导致了这起严重的交通事故。

His careless driving _________ ____________the serious traffic accident.13.他捐赠食物和衣服给红十字会。

He _____________food and clothing __________the Red Cross.

第四篇：必修五第一单元知识梳理

必修五第一单元知识梳理

林教头风雪山神庙

一、字音

迤逦yǐlǐ赍发jī酒馔zhuàn仓廒áo尴尬gāngà髭须zī央浼měi搠倒shuî提防dī剜肉wān模样mú彤云tïng瑕疵xiá遐迩xiá闲暇xiá洗漱shù干嗽sîu玷污diàn 拈轻怕重niān掇拾duō笔耕不辍chuî逶迤wēiyí恁地nân恶了高俅wù 一宿xiǔ差拨chāi投奔bân勇挑重担tiāo不省人事xǐng恐吓hâ巷道hàng骨朵gū强拉硬拽zhuài 汁水zhī浆洗缝补jiāng

沽酒gū揣度chuǎi挣揣zhângchuài 怀内揣了牛肉chuāi噎yē 扯皮chě禀报bǐng饶恕ráoshù肐察gē羹汤gēng

二、字形

消耗盘缠市井碎琼乱玉狐疑走卒搭膊天理昭然 毡笠包裹篱笆纷纷扬扬朔风牒文尴尬交头接耳 救济喝彩沧州沧海桑田陷害刺配亲眷浆洗缝补 浑家应承穿梭伏侍不暇干碍连累时辰顶礼膜拜 疑惑妨碍消耗前街后巷叫唤抬举絮烦彤云密布 包裹周遭钥匙神明庇佑分付差遣篱笆必必剥剥瑞雪爆响胸脯七窍迸出冤仇搭膊草莽英雄风驰电掣

三、作家：施耐庵

元末明初的文学家。自幼聪明好学，才气过人，事亲至孝，为人仗义。曾考中进士，做过两年官，后来弃官回乡闲居，从事写作。代表作《水浒传》。

2．环境描写：

（1）描写的方式： ①直接描写风雪。

②通过环境描写衬托风雪。

③通过人物的动作、感觉衬托风雪。（2）描写的作用：

①风雪为人物的活动渲染了悲凉的气氛。林冲刚到草料场，“却早纷纷扬扬卷下一天大雪来”，说明矛盾冲突正在酝酿；沽酒时，“那雪正下得紧”，预示气氛趋于紧张；林冲夜宿山神庙里，那雪“越下得紧”，烘托出高潮的来临。

②风雪也为情节的发展提供一定的条件：正是因为风雪，林冲才想喝酒驱寒，才会在买酒的途中看到山神庙；草屋被风雪压塌，林冲才到山神庙夜宿，因此才和陆谦等人相遇，洞悉高俅对自己的迫害，最终奋起反抗。风雪可以说是故事发展的重要因素。③烘托出林冲孤独，悲壮，勇敢的英雄形象。

装在套子里的人

一、字音

削铅笔xiāo剥削xuē瘦削xuē削足适履xuē 降服xiáng降落jiàng 蒙蔽méngɡ蒙骗mēngɡ 暖和huo胆怯qiè惊吓xià恫吓dînghè憎恶zēngwù贝壳ké孤僻pì怂恿sǒngɡ禁闭jìn搓手cuō 游说shuì讥诮qiào郁闷yù祈祷qí辖制xiá滑稽jī 契诃夫qìhē揉搓rïu杂糅rïu蹂躏rïu难堪kān勘察kān戡乱kān侠肝义胆xiá 挟持xiã狭窄xiá车篷pãng尽管jǐn 筋疲力尽jīn丧葬sāng垂头丧气sàng陶冶yě促狭鬼cùxiá

二、字形

《水浒》也称《水浒传》、《忠义水浒传》，一般简称《水浒》。中国四大古典名著之胆怯憎恶辩护祈祷慎重纯粹妥当安分守己唉声叹气一。《水浒传》故事性强，情节紧张、生动，引人入胜，语言简练，是在口语基础上经禁闭辖制吃荤周济帐子陶冶情操战战兢兢通宵达旦 过加工提炼的文学语言。怂恿噩梦苍白孤僻原籍撮合难堪兴高采烈没精打采

《水浒》是我国文学史上第一部以农民起义为题材的优秀长篇章回小说。这部是作搓手哆嗦荒唐讥诮素来闷气谗言漆黑一团心神不定 者在民间传说、话本、杂剧的基础上创作而成的，它生动地描写了一支以宋江为首的梁喉咙忠告消遣无聊恐怖涨红清脆心慌意乱乒乒乓乓山泊农民起义的产生、发展经过、直至失败的过程，歌颂了以宋江为首的起义英雄的反滑稽揉皱墓园忧郁郁闷埋葬乱糟糟安然无恙阴险狠毒 抗斗争精神，深刻地揭示了“官逼民反”的社会根源，揭露北宋王朝朝政的黑暗腐败。衙门烦恼孤独怪僻礼尚往来下缀题名不祥之兆言之不详

四、小说的基本内容和艺术特色

1．人物形象：林冲——首先，他安分守己，忍辱负重，随遇而安。其次，他正直，三、作家：契诃夫 善良，有狭肝义胆；同时又刚猛激烈，嫉恶如仇。最后，细心、缜密也是林冲性格的一个重要方面。

契诃夫(1860-1904)，俄国19世纪末期批判现实主义作家，以短篇小说和戏剧著称于世。他的作品揭露了沙皇政府对人民的残酷压榨和剥削，讽刺庸俗腐朽的市侩习气，第1页高三2000，双，14-03-28第2页

同情被侮辱与被损害的“小人物”。他八十年代开始创作，九十年代是他创作的盛期。他的代表作品有中篇小说《第六病室》，短篇小说《小公务员之死》《变色龙》《装在套子里的人》等。

契诃夫的这篇小说发表于1898年，它通过别里科夫这个文学形象反映了十九世纪末期俄国的社会生活。

十九世纪末期，在俄国正是无产阶级革命的前夜，工人运动逐渐展开，马克思主义已在全国传播，工人阶级的政党正在形成，一场革命风暴即将到来。沙皇政府面临着日益高涨的革命运动形势，极力加强反动统治，疯狂镇压人民，在全国造成了阴沉郁闷的气氛。沙皇政府的忠实卫道者，也极力维护沙皇的反动统治。他们死守着旧有的阵地，仇视和反对一切新鲜事物。这种人不但出现在官场上，而且也出现在知识界。

小说里的别里科夫正反映了这些人的灵魂。

掠水越山luè吠着fâi蜈蚣wúgōng脑壳kã轻薄bï即刻jí

拌和bànhuò 磺炭huáng扛凳子káng力能扛鼎gāng洞硝dòngxiāo喽罗lïuluo沅水yuán怏怏yàng强横hâng捏niē抿嘴mǐn 嗤笑chī拢岸lǒng惦着diàn呜咽yâ祈求qí蕴藉jiâ鞭笞chī唾弃tuî矫揉造作jiǎo劫难nàn压榨zhà莞尔一笑wǎn

二、字形

接壤伶俐干燥缓促短浆缠裹呐喊助威委托稳当踪迹娼妓吵嚷停泊粗鄙流苏朦朦胧胧歇憩笑眯眯 湿淋淋渡船气吁吁欺侮放肆废缆狗咬吕洞宾——不识好人心 赤裸裸惊讶生疏平淡无奇肩臂炮仗急促流泻世外桃源 俨然角隅拮据不加检点笑嘻嘻眺望景致稀罕船舱

四、小说的基本内容和艺术特色

讽刺是用漫画或嘲讽的语言描绘刻画对象，以达到否定和贬斥的效果。课文中的讽刺有以下一些特色：

① 夸张的语言和漫画式的勾勒。如大热天穿雨鞋带雨伞，穿暖和的棉大衣，从楼上摔下却安然无恙。反映人物的迂腐可笑。

② 揭示人物荒谬的生活逻辑。如别里科夫将教师骑自行车与学生用脑袋走路联系起来，反映他腐朽落后，害怕变革的思想。

③ 含蓄的对比。如别里科夫辖制着全城，人们都战战兢兢，反过来他自己又是战战兢兢不能入睡。这些描绘和刻画真是入木三分，暴露和批判了别里科夫腐朽丑恶的灵魂。

除了讽刺以外，作者还用了一些传神的细节来表现人物。

三、作家：沈从文

沈从文（1902--1988），湖南凤凰人，我国现代小说家、散文家、文物研究家。沈从文的文学创作宏富，数量惊人，有小说、散文、文论、自传等文集70多种，是我国现代文学史上最多产的作家之一。

其中最引人注目的，是他的一系列以湘西为背景的小说，短篇小说《丈夫》、《贵生》、《三三》；中篇小说《边城》、长篇小说《长河》是其中的代表作。

四、小说的基本内容和艺术特色

1．《边城》情节梗概：在湘西风光秀丽、人情质朴的边远小城，生活着靠摆渡为生的祖孙二人。外公年逾七十，仍很健壮；孙女翠翠十五岁，情窦初开。他们热情助人，纯朴善良。两年前在端午节赛龙舟的盛会上，翠翠邂逅当地船总的小儿子傩送并喜欢上了他。傩送的哥哥天保喜欢美丽清纯的翠翠，托人求亲，而地方上的王团总也看上傩送，边城

一、字音

氽着tǔn伶俐línglì戍军shù戊戌wùxū颈项jǐng脖颈gěng

泅水qiú傩送nuï蚱蜢zhàměng鞶鼓pán悖时bâi敞坪píng情愿以碾坊做陪嫁把女儿嫁给傩送。傩送不要，想娶翠翠为妻，宁愿作个摆渡人。于是糍粑cíbā碧溪岨jū作揖yī通缉jī编辑jí干燥zào兄弟俩相约唱歌求婚，让翠翠选择。天保知道翠翠喜欢傩送之后，为了成全弟弟，外出暴躁zào聒噪guōzào穷兵黩武dú亵渎dú牛犊dú文牍dú 闯滩，遇意外而死。傩送觉得对哥哥的死有责任，抛下翠翠出走他乡。外公因翠翠的婚买椟还珠dú 踹水chuài揣测chuǎi惴惴不安zhuì 湍急tuān瑞雪ruì 事操心担忧，在风雨之夜去世。留下翠翠孤独地守着渡船，痴心等着傩送归来，“这个茶峒dîng焖饭mân竹篁huáng涎皮赖脸xián 俨然yǎn荸荠bíqí 人也许永远不回来了，也许明天回来”。以讹传讹ã箍桶匠gū瑜伽yújiā骷髅kūlïu账簿bù镇筸gān 主题：赞美边城生活的质朴、纯真和人与人之间纯洁的爱；批判物欲泛滥的现代文袒露lù袈裟jiāshā飞铙náo艄公shāo桑椹shân睨 nì 明，拜金主义的浅薄庸俗和腐化堕落的现实；呼吁重建民族的美好品德和人格。蘸酒zhàn呐喊 nà铛铛dānɡ老鹳河ɡuàn埋mán怨碧溪岨jū 2．艺术特色：小说的语言朴素、饱满，不晦涩、不雕饰。这样的语言风格，非常擂鼓léi打擂lèi踹chuài水角隅yú歇憩qì船舷xián适合表现边城人古朴、自然的生活，并且从中透露出田园诗情。如描写赛龙舟的场面、喧阗tián一千槌chuí咝咝sī应和yìnghâ谄媚chǎn喁喁私语yú挣扎zhēng挣脱zhâng绊倒bàn没心没肺mãi没齿不忘mî没羽箭mî

叙述翠翠和傩送相遇的情节，描写抬花轿的情景等，都突出地体现了小说的语言风格。

第3页高三2000，双，14-03-28第4页

第五篇：语文必修五 单元综述(第一单元)

第一单元

话题点击

本单元是小说单元，共包括四篇小说：《林教头风雪山神庙》《装在套子里的人》《边城》《哦，香雪》。

阅读小说要注意小说的三要素，即人物、情节和环境，通过对三要素的把握和对小说写作目的及写作背景的学习理解小说的主旨。

人物是小说中最为重要的部分，对人物的褒贬、好恶往往直接揭示小说的主题。如《装在套子里的人》一文，通过对别里科夫的刻画，显示了作者对他的讽刺与批判，表达了作者对封建沙皇统治的不满和反抗，而《边城》则通过对翠翠祖孙俩以及顺顺等人的刻画，表现了作者对古老的淳朴的民风的喜爱和向往之情。

故事情节一般分序幕、开端、发展、高潮、结局、尾声几个部分，人物的性格的刻画、主题的揭示都离不开故事情节。《林教头风雪山神庙》通过波澜起伏、曲折跌宕的情节展示了林冲由委曲求全、逆来顺受到忍无可忍、奋起反抗的性格发展过程，进而揭示了小说的“官逼民反”的主题。

环境分为自然环境和社会环境。环境描写对主题一般起突出、强化作用，对人物的性格起烘托熏染的作用。《林教头风雪山神庙》中那漫天的风雪很好地烘托了林冲的性格和心情，推动了故事情节的发展，深化了文章的主题。《哦，香雪》则通过对大山深处小山村的闭塞落后的环境（社会环境）的刻画揭示了香雪等少女对开放、文明世界的追求的原因和作者对她们这种追求的肯定和赞美。

小说的写作背景和写作目的对我们理解小说的主旨有必要的补充说明的作用。学法导航

学习本单元小说应通过对小说的人物形象、故事情节和环境描写的刻画去分析，去了解小说的主题。

分析人物形象应注意刻画人物形象的方法，主要有正面描写（包括肖像描写、服饰描写、语言描写、动作描写、心理描写等）和侧面烘托两种方法，另外还要注意细节描写的作用，有时看似不经意的一处细节描写，正是作者匠心独运之处，也可能是展现人物性格、体现作 品主题的重要一笔。

在情节设计上，应注意作者设计情节的巧妙之处，体会这样设计情节的用意和它对于刻画人物性格突出小说主题的作用，学习用情节设计的方法来指导自己的写作实践。

对于环境描写，应从分析环境的特点入手，分析环境描写对于刻画人物、突出主题的作用，必要时还要结合小说的背景和写作目的，加深对环境特点的认识和对其作用的理解。总之，在学习本单元小说时，要充分调动各种感觉器官和知识储备，深入了解和把握小说主旨及写作特点，提高自己欣赏小说的能力和水平。