第一篇：专升本公共英语翻译部分重点
专升本公共英语翻译部分重点
1.会议很重要，请务必不要迟到。
This is an important meeting.Please see to it that you are not late for it. 2.公共关系工作是这么重要，每一家公司至少应该有一个公共关系部门。
Public relations work is so important that there should be at least one public relations department in every company. 3.薪水并不是我首先要考虑的事情。
Salary is not the first thing I’ll take into account. 4.在大多数时候，他们觉得这种差异对他们来说既非重要也非不重要。
Most of the time, they think this difference is neither important nor unimportant to them. 5.我认为，除非面临一生难求的机会，任何人都不应该中途辍学。
I believe that nobody should drop out of college unless they believe they face the opportunity of a lifetime. 6.我们大家都坐在那儿，希望会议不要开得太长。 All of us sat there, hoping the meeting wouldn’t last long. 7.他的父亲在那场事故中死了，从那以后，他感到自己很难振作起来。
He has found it hard to pull himself together after his father was killed in the accident. 8.这是我第一次看到他谈起自己的第一份工作时脸上露出的骄傲。
This is the first time I have ever seen the pride on his face when he talks about his first job. 9.语言实验室并不取代课堂教师，而是对课堂教学的补充。 The language laboratory does not take the place of the classroom teacher, but rather supplements the classroom teaching. 10.无论你的朋友住得多远，发消息给他只要几秒钟。这在多年前是闻所未闻的。
No matter how far your friend may be living, it takes just seconds to send a message, something that would have been unheard of many years ago. 11.你即使不喜欢他，可你不得不承认，他的表现接近于完美。
Even if you don’t like him, you have to agree that his performance has come close to perfection. 12.竞争促进了发展。如果要是没有竞争，你就会失去享受所有乐趣的机会。
Competition promotes development.Without competition, you would miss out on all the fun. 13.对付困难的良策是不要对困难胆怯，困难是人生不可避免的一部分。 The best prescription for difficulties is not to be afraid of them.They are an inevitable part of life. 14.多年以来，大家一直在争论考试是否应该用其他的评估形式取代。
There has been much debate for a number of years about whether examinations should be replaced with other forms of assessment. 15.自从他离开家以后，他的父母没有一天不为他的安全担心。
Ever since he left home, not a day goes by that his parents do not worry about his safety. 16.我真的希望当我还是小孩时就能乘飞机或坐火车周游世界。 I wish as a child I could have travelled around the world by air or by train. 17.你只有读完《简爱》整本书才能充分理解这本书的意义。
Only by reading the entire book, can you fully understand the significance of Jane Eyre. 18.也许，我们读者从本质上说是内心感到不满的人，我们渴望到别处去，通过阅读文字在一定程度上间接体验我们不能亲身经历的生活。
Perhaps at base we readers are dissatisfied people, yearning to be elsewhere, to live vicariously through words in a way we cannot live directly through life. 19.实际上许多用人单位最初就特意要雇佣当地人从事这些旅游工作。
In fact, many employers went out of their way at the outset to hire locals for tourist industry jobs. 20.我妈妈在清理抽屉时，偶然发现了一些我爷爷的旧照片。 My mother came across some old photos of my grandfather while she was cleaning out the drawer. 21.鉴于他还是个小孩，他做的远要比我们期望得好。
Given that he is still a child, he has done much better than expected. 22.如果你想成功，那么你就不应该停止学习。
If you want to be successful, then you should not stop learning. 23.令我感到伤心的是许多学生上大学是为了找一个工作，而不是为了接受教育，他们总为分数担忧。
What saddens me is that many students come to college to get a job, rather than an education, and they always obsess about scores. 24.要求他们提出能最大限度使用自然光线的一些设计。
They are challenged to come up with designs that enable maximum usage of natural light. 25.你的职责是帮助协调整个团队的工作。
You are responsible for assisting in coordinating the work of the team. 26.如果他符合你们的要求，谁最后决定是否聘用他？ Assuming he meets your requirements, who has the final say to decide whether to hire him or not? 27.总而言之，在今日高度竞争的社会中，再在怎么过高评价信任在我们日常生活中的重要性也不过分。
All in all, in today’s highly competitive society, it is impossible to overestimate the importance of trust in our daily life. 28.如果你处于我的处境，你会做些什么来赢得新的客户呢？ What would you do to win over new clients if you were in my shoes? 29.技术和需求条件都在变化，或至少有点不确定，所以我们决定先对这个项目作一番调查。
Technology and demand conditions were changing or, at least, somewhat uncertain and so we decided to look into the project first. 30.网上购物受人欢迎的一个主要原因是其巨大的方便性。 One of the main reasons for the popularity of shopping online is its great convenience.
第二篇：2015山东专升本英语翻译（本站推荐）
【2015山东专升本英语翻译】强化班讲义
1.在我们做决定之前，必须确定我们已将所有相关的因素考虑在内。Before making the decision, we must make sure that we have taken all the related factors into consideration/account.2.他如果知道我的电话，就不用那么费事了。
If he knew my phone number, it would save a lot of trouble.If he knew my phone number, it would not take a lot of trouble.3.就他的经验而言，他并不十分适合做校长。
As far as his experience is concerned, he is not very suitable for acting as a headmaster.4.我们最关心的是那个城市的饮水质量问题。
What we are concerned most is the quality of drinking water in that city.5.他的成就，赢得了人们的尊敬和仰慕。
His achievement earned him respect and admiration among people.His achievement won people’ respect and admiration.6.他刚到达就生病了。No sooner had he arrived than he fell ill.7.坦率地讲，能在这么短的时间内完成这项任务，确实令人兴奋。Frankly speaking, to be honest, honestly speaking, it is very exciting to have the task finished/accomplished/fulfilled in such a short time.8.我们将尽可能地改进我们的工作。
We will make as many improvements as possible in our work.9.积极的休闲态度是鼓励大家创造性地利用空闲时间的基础。Positive leisure attitude is the basis of encouraging people to make creative use of their spare time.10.你越解释我越糊涂。
The more you explain, the more confused I am.11.总的来说，酸雨是工业发展的结果。
Generally speaking, acid rain is the result of industrial development.12.不管是否加热，这种材料不会在冰中融化。whether(it is)heated or not, this material does not melt in ice.13.我在童年时候就发现没什么比读书对我更有吸引力。
Since my childhood, I have found that nothing is more attractive than reading to me.Since my childhood, I have found that reading is the most attractive thing for me.14．他们已经答应对这个问题进行调查。They have promised to investigate this problem.15.是我们应该做的和不应该做的影响着我们的未来。
所为和所不为
What we should do and what we should not do affects/determines our future.It is what we should do and what we should not do that affects our future.The things that we should do and should not do affect our future.16.西方流传最广的迷信之一是人在楼梯下走是不吉利的。
One of the most popular/prevalent/prevailing superstitions is that it is not lucky to walk under a ladder.17.不管他们遇到什么困难，他们都将努力克服。No matter what difficulties
Whatever difficulties they may encounter, they will try to overcome/conquerthem.18.她又缺席了，这是预料之中的。She has been absent again, as is expected.19.据说这个大学就要倒闭了。
It is reported/said that this university will go bankrupt.20.他的讲座不仅局限于如何学习。
His lecture is not only confined to how to study.His lecture does not confine itself only to how to study.21.记住该记住的，忘记该忘记的。
Remember what should be remembered, forget what should be forgotten.22.只有在那时候，我才意识到健康的重要性。
Only then did I realize the importance/significance of health.23.尽管他是个有经验的/经验丰富的工人，但是因为经济危机公司上周还是把他解雇了。
Skillful as he is, he is still fired by his company because of economic crisis.Although he is a skillful/skilled worker, he is still fired by his company because of economic crisis.Hr is an experienced worker
24.正是人类的活动造成全球变暖。
it is human activities that bring about/give rise to/result in/ lead to global warming.25.我们老师要求我们必须在周三前交报告。
Our teacher requires that we should hand in our reports before Wednesday.Our teacher requires us to hand in our reports before Wednesday.
第三篇：专升本考试英语翻译
don’t get me wrong——别误会我
A: Jack, why are you so fussy about me? B: No, I’m not.I can’t complain about you.A: But I resent your criticism.B: Don’t get me wrong.What I do is for your own good.A：Jack，你为什么对我这么挑剔？ B：我没有，我对你没什么可抱怨的。A：可是我不喜欢你的批评。
B：别误会我。我所做的一切都是为了你好。
I’ll be right with you.——我马上就来。
A: Jacky, where are you going? We are ready to go.B: I need to answer a phone call.A: All right.Be quick.We are running out of time.B: Not a problem.I’ll be right with you.A：杰克，你去哪儿。我们就要准备走了。B：我得去回一个电话。
A：好吧。那你快一点儿。我们的时间挺紧的。B：没问题，我马上就回来。
Give me a call.——给我打电话
A: Are you interested in our products, sir? B: I think so.They appear to be very practical.A: You got it.Here is my business card.Please give me a call if you need more information.B: All right.A：您对我们的产品感兴趣吗，先生？ B：我想是的，它们看起来很实用。
A：你说对了。这是我的名片。如果您需要更多的信息，请给我打电话。B：好的。
I’m working on it.——我正在努力。
A: Albert, do you drive? B: No, but I’m working on it.A: Albert，你会开车吗？ B: 不会。我正在学。
Have you finished yet?——你做完了吗？
A: Jack, are you still repairing the pipe in the bathroom? B: Yes.It’s leaking.A: Have you finished yet? Dinner is ready.B: I’ll have it ready very soon.A: Jack，你还在修卫生间里的水管吗？ B: 是的。水管漏水。
A: 你修好了吗？晚饭准备好了。B: 我马上就修好了。
It’s my pleasure.——这是我的荣幸。
A: Shall I give you a ride home? B: That’s perfect.Thanks for the ride.A: Don’t mention it.It’s my pleasure.A: 要我开车送你回家吗？ B: 好极了，多谢你送我。A: 不客气。这是我的荣幸。
Could you do me a favor?——你能帮我一个忙吗？
A: Mary, could you do me a favor? B: Sure, if I can.A: Of course, you can.I’d like you to type this document for me.B: All right.Put it on my desk.A: Mary，你能帮我个忙吗？ B: 当然，如果我能帮上忙的话。
A: 你当然能。我想让你帮我打一下这个文件。B: 好吧。把它放在我的桌子上吧。
Thank you all the same.—不管怎样还是要谢谢你。
A: I’m sorry.The brand of perfume you wanted is not available in Hong Kong now.B: That’s a pity.But thank you all the same.A: 对不起。你要的那种牌子的香水在香港买不到。B: 真遗憾。不管怎样还是要谢谢你。
Don’t mention it!—不必客气。
A: Excuse me, can I use your telephone? B: Of course.Go ahead.A: I’m sorry to bother you.But my phone hasn’t been installed yet.B: Don’t mention it.You are welcome(at any time).A: 请问，我能用一下你的电话吗？ B: 当然可以。用吧。
A: 很抱歉打扰你。我的电话还没有装上。B: 不必客气。(随时)欢迎你来。
It doesn’t matter to me.—对我来说无所谓。
A: I’ve decided to buy that villa.What do you think? B: It’s none of my business.It doesn’t matter to me.A: 我已经决定买那幢别墅了。你觉得怎么样？ B: 这不关我的事。对我来说无所谓。
第四篇：专业英语翻译部分
仅供参考！发现错误请及时指出！
15页
Climate plays a very important role in the genesis of a soil.On the global scale, there is an obvious correlation between major soil types and the Koppen climatic classification systems major climate types.At regional and local scales, climate becomes less important in soil formation.Instead, Pedogenesis is more influenced by factors like parent material, topography, vegetation, and time.The two most important climatic variables influencing soil formation are temperature arid moisture.Temperature has direct influence on the weathering of bedrock to produce mineral particles.Rates of bedrock weathering generally increase with higher temperatures.Temperature also influences the activity of soil microorganisms, the frequency and magnitude of soil chemical reactions, and the rate of plant growth, moisture levels in most soils are primarily controlled by the addition of water via precipitation minus the losses due to evapotranspiration.If additions of water from precipitation surpass losses from evapotranspiration, moisture levels in a soil tend to be high.If the water loss due to evapotranspiration exceeds inputs from precipitation, moisture levels in a soil tend to be low.High moisture availability in a soil promotes the weathering, of bedrock and sediments, chemical reactions, and plant growth.The availability of moisture also has an influence on soil pH and the decomposition of organic matter.气候在土壤形成过程中扮演了重要角色。从全球尺度来看，主要的土壤分类和科彭气候分类法确定的主要的气候类型有明星的联系。在区域和地方性的范围内，气候显得不是那么重要。取而代之的是母质，地形，植被和时间。温度和湿度是影响土壤形成的两个重要的变量。温度直接影响基岩风化产生矿物颗粒。温度越高，基岩转化为矿物颗粒的比例越大。温度同样影响土壤微生物的活跃度，土壤化学反应的频率和数量，植物生长的比例。大多数的土壤湿度是由降水减去蒸发作用控制的。如果降水超过蒸发作用消耗的水，土壤湿度就会很高。如果降水少于蒸发作用，土壤的湿度就会变低。土壤内大量的可用的水气会提升母岩温度和沉积，化学反应，还有植物生长。微生物也会影响土壤的PH和有机物的分解。
Living organisms have a role in a number of processes involved in pedogenesis including organic matter accumulation, profile mixing, and biogeochemical nutrient cycling.Under equilibrium conditions, vegetation and soil are closely linked with each other through nutrient cycling.The cycling of nitrogen and carbon in soils is almost completely controlled by the presence of animals and plants.Through litterfall and the process of decomposition, organisms add humus and nutrients to the soil which influences soil structure and fertility.Surface vegetation also protects the upper layers of a soil from erosion by way of binding the soils surface and reducing the speed of moving wind and water across the ground surface.成土作用过程中，生命体参与了其中的有机物积累，属性混合和生物化学养分的循环。在平衡条件下，植被和土壤通过彼此的养分循环紧密联系在一起。土壤中的碳氮循环几乎都需要动物和植物的参与控制。通过落叶和分解过程，微生物把腐殖质和营养成分带给土壤，也因此影响了土壤的结构和肥力。表层植物也可以固定表层土壤来保护上层的土壤不被途经的风和水带走。
Parent material refers to the rock and mineral materials from which the soils develop.These materials can be derived from residual sediment due to the weathering of bedrock or from sediment transported into an area by way of the erosive forces of wind, water, or ice.Pedogenesis is often faster on transported sediments because the weathering of parent material usually takes a long period of time.The influence of parent material on pedogenesis is usually related to soil texture, soil chemistry, and nutrient cycling.母质是指土壤形成所在的岩石和矿物质。岩床的风化或者由侵蚀力（比如风，水，冰）带来的沉积物都可以变为形成母质需要的物质。外来的沉积物形成的成土作用通常都比较快，因为风化母质需要很长一段时间。母质在成土过程中的影响就是它参与了土壤的质地，土壤化学和养分循环。
The distribution of precipitation on the Earth's surface is generally controlled by the absence or presence of mechanisms that lift air masses to cause saturation.It is also controlled by the amount of water vapor held in the air, which is a function of air temperature.A figure is presented that illustrates global precipitation patterns.气体上升聚集达到饱和，是否存在这种饱和基本上决定了地球表面降水的分布。同时，大气中包含水蒸气的含量也影响了降水，水蒸气的含量是由大气温度控制的。下面的一组数字将阐明全球降水模式。
41页
Evaporation and transpiration are the two processes that move water from the Earth’s surface to its atmosphere.Evaporation is movement of free water to the atmosphere as a gas.It requires large amounts of energy.Transpiration is the movement of water through a plant to the atmosphere.Scientists use the term evapotranspiration to describe both processes.In general, the following four factors control the amount of water entering the atmosphere via these two processes: energy availability;the humidity gradient away from the evaporating surface;the wind speed immediately above the surface;and water availability.Agricultural scientists sometimes refer to two types of evapotranspiration: Actual Evapotranspiration and Potential Evapotranspiration.The growth of crops is a function of water supply.If crops experience drought, yields are reduced.Irrigation can supply crops with supplemental water.By determining both actual evapotranspiration and potential evapotranspiration a farmer can calculate the irrigation water needs of their crops.蒸发作用和蒸腾作用是把水从地表带到大气的最主要的两个过程。蒸发是空余的水变成蒸汽进入大气的移动过程。这个过程需要大量的能量。蒸腾作用是水通过植物进入大气。科学家用蒸散作用来统称这两个过程。通常情况下，下面四个因素影响了这两个过程：可利用的能量、蒸发表面的温度梯度、蒸发表面即时风速、可用的水。农业科学家认为蒸散作用有两种方式：实际的蒸散和潜在的蒸散。农作物生长是供水的过程。如果作物经历了干旱，就会导致减产。灌溉可以给作物提供附加的水。如果知道了实际蒸散和潜在蒸散的量，农民就可以计算作物灌溉需要的水量。
Infiltration is the movement of water from precipitation into the soil layer.Infiltration varies both spatially and temporally due to a number of environmental factors.After a rain, infiltration can create a condition where the soil is completely full of water.This condition is, however, only short-lived as a portion of this water quickly drains(gravitational water)via the force exerted on the water by gravity.The portion that remains is called the field capacity.In the soil, field capacity represents a film of water coating all individual soil particles to a thickness of 0.06 mm.The soil water from 0.0002 to 0.06 mm(known as capillary water)can be removed from the soil through the processes of evaporation and transpiration.Both of these processes operate at the surface.Capillary action moves water from one area in the soil to replace losses in another area(biggest losses tend to be at the surface because of plant consumption and evaporation).This movement of water by capillary action generally creates a homogeneous concentration of water throughout the soil profile.Losses of water stop when the film of water around soil particles reaches 0.0002 mm.Water held from the surface of the soil particles to 0.0002 mm is essentially immobile and can only be completely removed with high temperatures(greater than 100 degrees Celsius).Within the soil system, several different forces influence the storage of water.渗透是水从降水进入土壤层的过程。渗透由于一些自然的因素会发生空间的和暂时的变化。下完雨之后，渗透会形成一个土壤完全充满水的情况。但是这种情况只是暂时的，一部分雨水会由于重力作用排出。留下的那一部分雨水被称为土地含水能力。土地含水能力展示给我们一个水薄膜，在这个薄膜里，所有相互独立的土壤粒子被厚度仅仅为0.06毫米的水包裹着。土壤中0.0002到0.06毫米的水都可以通过蒸散作用排出。所以这些过程都发生在表面。毛细作用把水从一个地方搬运到另一个流失水的地方（最大的水流失应该就是植物表面的蒸腾和蒸发）。这种毛细作用可以报证土壤内的水的浓度是均匀的。土壤粒子包被的水薄膜到0.0002毫米时，水就停止流失。这时的水本质上除了超过100摄氏度的情况是不可移动的。在土壤系统内部，这几种力量影响了水的短缺度。
Population Structure / Population Pyramids
The population structure for an area shows the number of males and females within different age groups in the population.This information is displayed as an age-sex or population pyramid.Population pyramids of LEDCs typically have a wide base and a narrow top.This represents a high birth rate and high death rate.Population pyramids of MEDCs typically have a roughly equal distribution of population throughout the age groups.The top obviously gets narrower as a result of deaths.Population pyramids for every country in the world can be found here.Population pyramids are used to show the structure of the population according to age and sex.一个地方的人口结构告诉我们该地不同年龄段男性和女性的人口数量。这些信息展示出了一个年龄-性别或者人口数量的金字塔。发展中国家的人口金字塔通常有很大的根基和很窄的塔尖。这体现了这些国家的高出生率和高死亡率。发达国家的人口金字塔在不同年龄段大概是均匀分布的。塔尖由于死亡的原因会稍微窄一些。世界上所有国家的人口金字塔在这里都可以找到。人口金字塔通常用来展示人口在年龄和性别上的结构。
56页
The increase of greenhouse gases are the primary causes of the human-induced component of warming.Because of burning of fossil fuels, land clearing and agriculture, the amount of CO2 and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have increased by more than a third.Changes this large have historically taken thousands of years, but are now happening over the course of decades.温室气体增加的主要原因是人类-诱导气温的上升。因为化石燃料的燃烧，大地没有植被以及农业，大气中二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放量已经上升了1/3。经历这么大的变化曾经需要数千年，但是现在只在近十年内就完成了。
57页
Sea Level Rising.With the melt of ice cap and glaciers, sea level has rised 0.8 to 3.0 millimeter.With large numbers of cities located in coastal areas, this causes serious problems.Beach erosion takes place, particularly on steep banks.Wetlands are lost.This is a picture of Shanghai at present, while this may be the picture of Shanghai several years later.Another serious problem is the threat of salt water intruding into underground fresh water in coastal areas.Millions of people will be forced to leave their homes and homelands.海平面上升。随着冰盖和冰川的融化，海平面已经上升了0.8到3.0毫米。由于很多城市坐落在沿海地区，这就可能带来灾难性的问题。海岸侵蚀开始出现，尤其是在陡峭的海岸。湿地逐渐消失。这正是上海现在发生的，也可能是几年以后上海出现的景象。另一个严重的问题是盐水侵入沿海地区的底下淡水。数以万计的人民不得不背井离乡。
59页
They dominate the country in influence and are the national focal-point.Their sheer size and activity becomes a strong pull factor, bringing additional residents to the city and causing the primate city to become even larger and more disproportional to smaller cities in the country.However, not every country has a primate city, as you'll see from the list below.他们通过影响力支配这个国家，是整个国家的焦点。他们的规模大小和活动变成一股强大的推动力，带来额外的居民，让这些首位城市变得更大，以至于跟国内的其他小城市相比有些不协调。但是，并不是所有国家都有这样一个首位城市，你可以从下面的表里看出来。
Some scholars define a primate city as one that is larger than the combined populations of the second and third ranked cities in a country.This definition does not represent true primacy, however, as the size of the first ranked city is not disproportionate to the second.一些学者定义首位城市就是比排名第二和第三位城市人口总和还要多的城市。但是这个定义没有体现从城市规模的角度分析，排名前两位的城市也是不成比例的，所以并不被认可。
The law can be applied to smaller regions as well.For example, California's primate city is Los Angeles, with a metropolitan area population of 16 million, which is more than double the San Francisco metropolitan area of 7 million.Even counties can be examined with regard to the Law of the Primate City.这个法则可以用到小的区域。举个例子，加州的首位城市是洛杉矶，城市人口达到1600万，比旧金山的700高出甚多。甚至村庄也可以用首位城市法则来分析。
69页
Scope of land consolidation schemes（本段蓝字为不确定部分）
Land consolidation has always been regarded as an instrument or entry point for rural development.Early concepts of rural development were virtually the same as agricultural development because of the predominant role of agriculture in rural areas at the time.Improving the agrarian structure was viewed as being identical to maintaining the social viability in rural areas;what was good for the farmers was good for rural areas.An overall objective of early projects was thus to increase the net income from land holdings by increasing the volume of production and decreasing its costs.With this focus on agricultural development, these projects served to consolidate parcels and enlarge holdings and included provisions such as irrigation and drainage infrastructure to improve water management, construction of rural roads, land levelling, soil improvement measures and changes to land use such as converting agriculturally inferior land into forest land or wetlands.土地合并经常被认为是发展农村的一个手段或者切入点。早期的农村发展概念基本上和农业发展一样的，因为那时候的农业生产占据了农村的主导地位。改进农业结构看起来是和保留农村地区社会生存能力一样的事情。对农民好也就是对农村地区好。因此早期项目的总体目标是通过增加产量和减少成本，以此增加从土地获得的净收益。随着注意力转移到农业发展上，这些项目服务于巩固捆绑，增大资产，还这些规定：修建灌溉和排水基础设施来提升用水管理能力，修建农村公路，土地平整，土壤改良措施以及改变土地用途比如说把贫瘠的土地转变为森林或者湿地。
Such agricultural improvements are still essential but rural space is now no longer regarded as one of agricultural production alone.Concepts of rural development have become much broader and have expanded to include increased environmental awareness and a wide range of nonagricultural applications.The emphasis of land consolidation projects has shifted from a focus on restructuring agriculture to one of achieving more efficient multiple use of rural space by balancing the interests of agriculture, landscape, nature conservation, recreation and transportation, especially when land is required for the construction of major roads.这些农业进步仍然是必不可少的，但是现在农村地区不再仅仅是农业生产的区域了。农村发展的概念已经变得更加广阔，已经拓展到包含环境意识和非农业应用的领域。土地合并的项目的重点已经不再只关注农业重组，它上升到通过平衡农业利益，地形，自然保护，娱乐和运输(尤其是需要修建主要干道的时候)来获取最大的利益。
Environmental conditions are being given increasing priority.Roads are being constructed to suit the landscape.Water bodies are being restored, often with buffer zones.Land consolidation projects are also used for the protection of wetlands and to change land use patterns especially in areas endangered by frequent floods or soil erosion.人们把环境情况作为优先考虑。修路需要符合地形。水体被修复，一般都还有缓冲区。土地合并项目经常用于保护湿地，还有改变土地利用模式，特别是在因为频发的洪水和水土流失致使土地濒临消失的地方。
99页
Leakage
The direct income for an area is the amount of tourist expenditure that remains locally after taxes, profits, and wages are paid outside the area and after imports are purchased;these subtracted amounts are called leakage.In most all-inclusive package tours, about 80% of travelers' expenditures go to the airlines, hotels and other international companies(who often have their headquarters in the travelers' home countries), and not to local businesses or workers.In addition, significant amounts of income actually retained at destination level can leave again through leakage.消费者的支出除去税费，利润，支出的工资以及进口所需剩下的一部分，就是旅游目的地的直接收入，也叫做渗漏。在大部分全包价旅游中，旅游者支出的80%付给了航空公司，酒店和其他国际公司（通常在旅游者来源国有分支部门），并不是当地的商店或者工人。此外，大量的达到目标水平的收入一般会经过渗漏再次离开当地。101页
Tourism development and the related rise in real estate demand may dramatically increase building costs and land values.Not only does this make it more difficult for local people, especially in developing countries, to meet their basic daily needs, it can also result in a dominance by outsiders in land markets and in-migration that erodes economic opportunities for the locals, eventually disempowering residents.In Costa Rica, close to 65% of the hotels belong to foreigners.Long-term tourists living in second homes, and the so-called amenity migrants(wealthy or retired people and liberal professionals moving to attractive destinations in order to enjoy the atmosphere and peaceful rhythms of life)cause price hikes in their new homes if their numbers attain a certain critical mass.旅游业的发展和相关切实需要的房地产需求可能戏剧性的促进了建筑造假和土地价值。不止是这些造成了当地居民-特别是在发展中国家-难以得到基本日常所需，还会导致外来者在土地市场和迁移这些对当地人属于经济侵略的领域处于支配地位。在哥斯达黎加，近60%的酒店属于外国人，长期的游客住在第二个家，这些所谓的美化城市的居民（富人或者退休的人，还有那些想要享受平静生活和优美环境的自由主义者）的数量如果达到一个临界值，就会引起他们新家附近的价格飞涨。
106页
Storm structure
The process by which a disturbance forms and subsequently strengthens into a hurricane depends on at least three conditions.Warm waters and moisture are mentioned above.The third condition is a wind pattern near the ocean surface that spirals air inward.Bands of thunderstorms form, allowing the air to warm further and rise higher into the atmosphere.If the winds at these higher levels are relatively light, this structure can remain intact and allow for additional strengthening.一股躁动气流随后加强成为飓风的过程需要至少3个条件。温水和降水是必不可少的，第三个条件是在海洋表面有内螺旋的空气所形成的风。雷电风暴的形成，让空气温度升高，然后上升到大气。如果在这个更高高度的风是相对轻的，这个结构还会保持完整然后继续加强。
第五篇：期末英语翻译部分
补全句子： 1.（应该适合人类，并有助于人机合一)Should serve man and contribute to cybernetics 2.（不断发新产品，并具备以前计算机所不具备的功能）design new machines continuously, which are capable of doing work that earlier computers could not;（在平常活动中肩负起更多的责任）take over more functions in daily life.3.（预测产品和服务的市场可接受度）predict which products and services the market will bear;（评估产品生命力的宝贵工具）an invaluable tools for assessing the viability of a product 4.（每当DOS执行一个程序）each time DOS executes a program;（当你正在通过Microsoft Windowws执行多个程序时）when executing multiple programs via Microsoft Windows 5.（当工作难找的时候）When jobs are scarce;（常常被有经验的工人排挤）tend to be pushed out in favor of experienced workers 6.（在这些更强大的目标导向的工具方面进行投资是有意义的）it is a good time to invest in these more powerful , goal-directed tools 7.（为用户进行内容定制）it executes the user’s custom contest;（将处理后的内容转换到所用的特定设备）it then loads the content onto the designated device in use 8.（不懂得与时俱进）do not keep up with regulations;（只会束缚人们的手脚）haue their hand tied 9.1.(是一个富于变化的领域，包括许多相互作用的组成部分)a diverse field with many interacting components;（赋予信息，激发对话）imparts information, stimulates dialogue 10.（从食品，动物到植物健康部门的各种专家）a diverse range of experts from the food, animal and plant health sectors 11.（从某种程度上）to a certain extent;（我国土地资源的后续利用，食品安全和生态环境）follow-up utilizing of land resource, food security and ecological environment of our country 12.（细菌太小，肉眼看不见).Bacteria are too
small to see with the naked the eye;（以避免细菌污染）avoid contamination with bacteria 13.（常被用作奶油的代用品）often used as a
substitute for butter
14.（转基因食品）genetically modified food;（转
基因食品优点）the merit of GM food 15.（加强食品监督与管理）strengthen the
supervision and administration of food safety;（维护好食品市场的秩序）maintain a good order of the food market
16.（采取了一项方案，就是在其投入英国市场食
品上做标注）introduced a labeling scheme for their products in the British market
17.（停止进口诸如火腿，肉制品等）suspend the
import of meats such as ham, pork products and others
18.（没能说服数百人改掉这一恶习）has failed to
convince hundreds of millions of people to abandon the bad habit 19.（令人质疑）raise eyebrows
20.（延伸覆盖大范围的市场）stretches across a
wide range of markets
21.（擦亮品牌）burnished the brand name 22.（为总裁们完成了一项最大的采购）have
made the ultimate acquisition for chief executives;（大手笔的花掉220亿美元财富的一部分）splashed some of the $22bn fortune 23.（使谷歌在未来几年里成为不可忽视的力量）
keep Google the force to be reckoned with for years to come
24.（以13.99的优惠价格抢购最新、最喜欢的Ｔ
恤衫）snap up your latest favorite T-shirt on sale for $13.99
25.（你将或多或少不得不面对数额巨大的出价）
you will be faced with a huge number of offers, to varying degrees
26.（使你在行业中处于更有利的地位）give you
a competitive advantage in your industry 27.（占谷歌所有搜索查询的四分之一）accounts
for a quarter of all Google search queries 28.（尝试区分人类访客和自动化访问者或机器
人）try to distinguish human visitors from automated visitors or robots
29.（富于创新精神的搜索引擎）innovative search engines 30.（提出设计）come up with a design 31.（坚守社会责任和保护自然环境的承诺）commitment to social responsibility and protecting the environment 32.（为订立国际条约和行动纲领建立共识）builds consensus towards international treaties and programmes of action 33.（在我们的短暂一生中，最好贡献莫过于此了）I don’t know of any better service to offer for the short time we are in the world 34.（我们要竭尽全力确保《京都议定书》生效）We should make every effort to ensure the Kyoto Protocol to come into force 35.（对生态环境影响相对较小）relatively little effect on the ecological environment;（一项重要政策）an important policy 36.活着的树木可以吸收碳）Living trees absorb carbon;（大气中碳的释放）the release of carbon into the atmosphere 37.（受由污染引起的酸雨影响）is affected by the acid rain caused by pollution 38.（尽管氮无毒且很大程度上不活泼）Although nitrogen is nontoxic and largely inert 39.（由清水状态转变为藻类过量繁殖状态）from a clear –water state to an algal bloom 40.（毁灭一个地理上孤立的小族群）wipe out a geographically isolated group 整句翻译：
41.为实现这些目标，在1997年签署了《京都议定书》，并于2005年开始强制生效。The Kyoto Protocol, which set about realizing those aims, was signed in 1997 and came into force in 2005.42.如果不能重新拟定新的国际公约，人类将没有任何机会来防治严重的气候突变问题。Without a new global agreement , there is not much chance of averting serious climate change.43.人们担忧的是对碳排放征税将使商业和经济受到创伤。What is worrying is that carbon taxes will hurt business and the economy.44.请你举一个具体的例子，说明你是怎样对你所处的环境进行评估并找到重点，以获得你所期望的结果的。Provide an example of how you assessed a situation and achieved good results by focusing on the
most important priorities.45.我们决心将每一个项目的成本降到最低，尽量提高效益。We are determined to minimise the cost of each and every project and to maximize
cost-effectiveness.41.（智商体现一种遗传的，即可继承的特质，或
者是文化传播的特质，该特质受家长和社会经济地位的影响。无论是哪一种，测试智商都不能影响社会的流动性）.IQ measures a genetic, and therefore heritable, traits or a culturally transmitted trait, influenced by parents and socio-economic status.Either way, testing IQ could not influence social mobility.42.（数据已经添加或更新在数据库中，但由于没
有达到从属记录源中的标准而将无法显示）43.The data was added or updated in the database，but will not be displayed because it does not satisfy the criteria in the subordinate record source.44.（没有一种学科方法证明，暴露于10ppm某
种污染达24小时是“安全的”，而暴露在超过那个污染程度便是“危险的”）There no scientific way to demonstrate that exposure to a pollutant in a concentration of one hundred parts per million for twenty-four hours is “safe”, while
exposures
above
that
level
ale
“dangerous”.45.（香港大学非常重视研究工作，专门成立了研
究生院协调各学院的研究教学工作，确保研究教育的质量）With much emphasis on research activities, Hong Kong university has established a Graduate School to co-ordinate research among faculty members and to ensure quality research and education.46.（传统的看法人为错误消息框的作用是在用
户错了时通知他们。实际上，大多数错误公告的作用是在计算机对指令感到不明时向用户报告）Conventional wisdom has held that error messages tell users when they have made a mistake.Actually, must error bulletins report when the computer gets confused.47.（由于某种原因，越来越多的人逐渐重视饮食
问题。无论因为情绪上的压力或是身体上的意外创伤，还是由于自信心的缘故，人们似乎都从饮食上寻求慰藉，而不是去寻求专业帮助）More and more people are developing eating issues for many different reasons.Whether it is because of emotional stress, traumatic incidents, or self-confidence issues ,people seem to run to food for comfort instead of seeking professional help
48.（其他人争论说，粮食匮乏不是粮食产量的问题，而是政府忽视了农业发展，未能有效利用粮食援救。而且保护性的贸易壁垒使消除饥饿更加困难）Others argue that food insecurity is not an issue of a shortfull in food production but rather that governments have neglected agricultural development ,made ineffective use of food aid ,and ,through protective trade barriers, made hunger alleviation more difficult to attain.49.你是否想过为什么快餐连锁店能够立刻做好你所点的菜，而在家里妈妈总是要花费几个小时的时间做饭？答案很简单。快餐连锁店使用了能够加快烹饪过程的物质，而科学证明，这些物质有害人体健康，如果长期食用，会产生严重的危害。Have you ever wondered as to why the fast food joint are able to provide you with your order in no time whereas mom at home takes hours to cook? The answer lies in the simple fact that in fast food joints substances that enhance the cooking process are used.It has been scientifically proved that these substances are very harmful to health and pose serious threats on continuous consumption.50.这看上去好像是科幻小说中的情节：政府已经宣称克隆动物所产的肉和奶是安全的，而今，克隆食品赫然出现在了全国的食品供应链中。It sounds like a scenario from a science-fiction novel: The government has declared that meat and dairy from cloned animals is safe.and now cloned products can show up in the nation’s food supply.53 51..如今，食品和药物管理局（ＦＤＡ）将要求进口商能够证实他们外国的供应商正在采取必要的安全防范措施。换句话说，他们应该能够确定来自智利的黑鲈与来自缅因州的龙虾符合同样的安全标准。Now, the FDA will
require importers to be able to verify that their foreign suppliers are taking the necessary safety precautions.In other words ,they’ll be able to make sure that sea bass from Chile meets the same safety standards as lobster from Maine.整句翻译：
52.如果该公司能够迎接复杂的、高度精密的生产
和极端期限的挑战，它不仅能提高自身作为行业翘楚的声誉，而且还会打开其他机会之门。If this company can meet the challenge of the complex, high-precision production and the tight deadline, it will not only burnish its reputation as industry leader but open up other opportunities.53.ＢＰ（英国石油）令人吃惊的谈到其在中国扩
张的雄心。不多，分析师们警告称，中国炼油行业盈利能力不佳意味着在该行业的任何投资到头来都可能是不具吸引力的。BP has raised eyebrows by talking about its ambitions for expansion in China.However, analysts warned that the poor profitability of China’s refining industry meant that taking a stake in the sector might prove unattractive.54.即使经过几年温和增长，股票期权也能使投资
者获得可观收益。Even after a few years of moderate growth, stock options can produce a handsome return for investors.55.空中客车公司（Airbus）与波音公司一直就世
界军事飞机合同进行一场长期的殊死战斗。就在一个月前在美国，ＥＡＤＳ，空中客车的母公司，拿走了波音公司一个将近四百亿美元的空中加油机合同。Airbus have been fighting a long and bruising battle with Boeing for military aircraft contracts around the world.Just a month ago in the U.S., EADS, the parent company of Airbus , snatched away a nearly 40 billion air tanker contract from Boeing.56.在现在所有语言中没有一个词可以准确地描
述信息技术对人类生活的巨大影响。No word in all languages exists to describe the great impact of information technology on human life.
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