第一篇：2018年高考英语真题与模拟类编：专题09-短文改错(含答案)
2018年高考及最新模拟分类汇编之短文改错
2018年高考短文改错
【2018·全国I】短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的次。删除：把多余的用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：(1).每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
(2).只允许修改10处，多者（从第l1处起）不计分。
71.During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.I find a change there.The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals.Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken.They also Iwent here again,they had a big separnte house to raise dozens of chicken.They also had a small pond,which they raised fish.My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.I felt happily that their life had improved.At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.【答案】During my last winter holiday, I went to grandparents.I
countryside with my father to visit my a change there.The first time I went there, they were living in a small
animals.Last winter when I went
.They also had a small pond
again, they had a
they house with dogs, ducks, and big separate house to raise dozens of raised fish.My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by the fish.I felt
that their life had improved.At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, he agreed.【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在去年寒假期间和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶过程中的所见所闻，由此讲述了乡下的巨大变化。
1.countryside前加the 考查冠词。去年寒假，我和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶。此处特指去的是乡下，故加定冠词the。
2.find改成found 考查动词时态。根据文章中的During my last winter holiday可知，事件发生在过去，故用一个过去时。故将find改成found。
3.another改成other 考查形容词的用法。他们住在一个小房子里，院子里有狗、鸭子和其他牲畜。根据句意可知，将another改成other。
4.here改成there 考查副词及语意理解。去年冬天我又一次去了那里。故将here改成there。
5.chicken改成chickens 考查名词复数。他们拥有一个大的独立住宅，还养了许多只鸡。根据前文的dozens of可知，其后用名词复数形式。
7.sell改成selling 考查动名词。去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。
8.happily改成happy
考查形容词作表语。他们的生活有了很大提高，我感到很高兴。此处形容词作表语，故将happily改成happy。
9.删除for
考查介词的用法。时间名词有every，each，last等词修饰时，其前不用介词。故删除for。
10.but改成and
考查并列连词的用法。我计划每两年回来一次，他同意了。此处是并列关系，故将but改成and。
点睛：本文中第9处改错是学生容易忽视的考点。时间名词有every，each，last，this，that等词修饰时，其前不用介词。
例：We are going to fish this morning.I finished the course last winter holiday.【2018·全国II】短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
(2).只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
71.When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night.After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room.As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me.They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain.Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school.The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.When I was little, 【答案】play card games of all
night was our family game night.After supper, we would
kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no
in the sitting room.As matter how many times I asked to say to
them, my parents would not let me.They would
unwilling to play the games until I entered high school.The that playing card games would help my brain.Still I them sometimes.I didn’t realize how right my parents games my parents taught me
I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.第三处：考查冠词。这里表示“作为一个孩子”，a用在表示泛指的单数名词前，the表示特指。故把the改为a。
第四处：考查动词不定式。句意：无论我要求多少次要去看（卡通片）。用不定式表示目的。故把watching改为watch。
第五处：考查情态动词。would后跟动词原形，故把to删除。
第六处：考查代词。句意：他们会对我说玩纸牌有助于大脑。偷换人称代词，是对“我”说，前面提到的I，而不是we。故把us改为me。
第七处：考查固定搭配。be unwilling to do sth.意为“不愿意做某事，不情愿做某事”。本文介绍的是过去的情况，故用过去时。所以在unwilling前加was。
第八处：考查介词。play the games with sb.表示“和某人一块玩游戏”，故把for改为with。第九处：考查时态。根据上下文语境可知此处要用一般过去时。故把are改为were。第十处：考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把where改为when。
点晴：名词作定语与名词所有格作定语的区别。一般来说，名词作定语通常说明被修饰的词的性质，而名词所有格作定语则强调对被修饰的词的所有（权）关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。“the Party members（党员）”中，名词定语表示members的性质；“the Party’s calls（党”中，Party具有动作发出者的作用，calls虽然是名词，a student 的号召）却具有动作的含义。teacher实习教师，a student’s teacher一位学生的老师。
【2018·全国III】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin.Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious.I had done myself homework but I was shy.I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people.At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, “The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well.” Immediate, I raised my hand.【答案】
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了写作课上作者克服恐惧心理主动回答问题的故事。
第一处：考查时态构成。根据语境可知，句子用过去完成时，过去完成时的构成是had done，所以begin要改为begun。
第二处：考查非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析，本句有谓语为was，而且没有连词，与主语是主动关系，所以wait 要用非谓语waiting，表伴随。
第三处：考查连词。句意：每个人都沉默了，等着看谁会被要求朗读他或她的段落。一次只能叫一个人，男女两者是选择关系，故把and改为or。
第四处：考查固定搭配。be eager to do sth渴望做某事，故eager后加to。
第五处：考查代词错误。句意：我已经完成了自己的作业。表示“我的”用my不用myself，或改为定冠词the也可以。
第六处：考查固定结构。be afraid to do害怕做某事，所以that为多余，删掉。第七处：考查比较级。句意：我不敢在一大群人面前说话。这里没有比较的意思，故把larger改为large。
第八处：考查主谓一致。that作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数includes。第九处：考查名词单复数。错误不是一个，所以要用复数。
第十处：考查副词。此处要用副词在句中做状语修饰整个句子，故把immediate改为immediately。
【点睛】此题中的难点为非谓语动词的考查，如第二处错误，第五处错误，第二处解答时要分析句子结构，根据句中是否有谓语，连词来判断使用谓语还是非谓语，再根据句子主语
everyone，与wait 之间为主动关系，所以要用现在分词。而第五处则主要考查be afraid to do 这一短语。
2018高考模拟题
【吉林省长春市2018届高三年级四模】假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除: 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词: 2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Dear Joy, How are you doing? Here is an exciting news for you.There will be an invention competition in our school in the 20th of October.However, there is a rule the participants shall be in a group.But I’d like to invite you to be my partners.I know that you have been longed to design a tiny cooler that people can wear around the wrist.I think it will be a wonderfully idea for the competition.We can make a small air conditioner to controlling the temperature of the wearer.How do you think of my suggestion? Looking forward to you reply.Yours, Zhang Xin 【答案】
【解析】这是一封邮件。邮件内容是张鑫想邀请Joy做搭档一起参加学校的发明比赛，设计
一个小型空调。
第一处：考查冠词。news是不可数名词，不可以用不定冠词修饰。所以把冠词an删掉。
th第二处：考查介词。the 20 of October是具体时间，所以介词用on。
第三处：考查关系代词。这是一个定语从句，从句不缺成分，先行词是物，所以用关系代词that。
第四处：考查连词。前一句说“有一个规则是参与者应该在一个组中”，后一句说“我想邀请你做我的搭档”，前后句存在因果关系，所以要把But改为So。
第九处：考查疑问代词。固定句型what do you think of….你认为…怎么样？所以这里把How改为What。
第十处：考查物主代词。名词reply前面应该是形容词性物主代词，所以把you改为your。
【湖南省长沙市雅礼中学、河南省实验中学2018届高三联考】短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Many of us were raised with the saying “Waste not, want not”.None of us, therefore, can completely avoid waste in our lives.Any kind of waste was thoughtless, whether we waste our potential talents, our own time, our limited natural resource, our money, or other people’s time.Each of us can become more aware of and careful.The smallest good habits can make the big difference.It’s a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our best in a world what is in serious trouble.By focusing on oil, water, paper, food or clothing, we are playing a part in cutting down on waste.We must keep reminding us that it is easier to get into something than it is to get out of it.Actually, severe damage done to our land is fair recent in the history of our evolution.It’s time for us to say no to waste so that our grandchildren’s children will able to develop well.【答案】
【解析】试题分析：本文讲述的是关于生活中的浪费问题及应该采取的措施。1.考查连接副词。句意：我们中的许多人都是这样说的：“不浪费，不需要”。然而，我们没有人能完全避免生活中的浪费。前后句是一种转折关系，故把therefore改成however。2.考查时态。句意：任何一种浪费都是轻率的，无论我们是在浪费我们的潜能，我们自己的时间，我们有限的自然资源，我们的金钱，还是其他人的时间。这里在讲述一种客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时态，故把was改成is。
3.考查名词复数。句意：任何一种浪费都是轻率的，无论我们是在浪费我们的潜能，我们自己的时间，我们有限的自然资源，我们的金钱，还是其他人的时间。resource（资源），是可数名词，这里要用名词复数形式，故把resource改成resources。
4.考查形容词作表语。句意：我们每个人都能变得更加清醒和谨慎。become是连系动词，后面用形容词做表语，故把of去掉。
5.考查固定搭配。固定搭配：make a big difference产生很大的不同，有很大影响。故把the改成a。
【湖北省襄阳四中2018届高三5月第四次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删减：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错词下面划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Hearing a news that the 2022 Winter Olympics would be hold in China, I felt very excited.It struck to me how I learned skating when I was a child.At 7, I began to go crazy about skating, like all my friend.At the beginning, it extremely tough for me to keep my balance.I always fall over on the ground, as a result of which I thought I had no talent for skating.So I gradually lost confidence and became impatient.The more impatient I was, the more terrible I did.I was about to give up while my father came to my assistance.Encouraged by her, I restored confidence and stood up again.As I practiced skating, he always created a relaxed atmosphere and put forward some specific advice.Eventually, I made it.【答案】a news 改成 the news hold 改成 held struck to 中去掉 to friend 改成 friends extremely 前加 was fall 改成 fell terrible 改成 terribly while 改成 when her 改成 him relaxed 改成 relaxing 4.考查名词复数。根据all可知后面的名词用复数形式，故把friend 改成 friends。5.考查谓语动词。句意：刚开始我很难保持我的平衡。tough（困难的），是形容词，句子没有谓语动词，又是指过去的事情，故在extremely 前加 was。
6.考查时态。这里是在谈作者刚开始学滑冰时，所以应该用一般过去时态，故把fall 改成 fell。
7.考查副词。副词修饰动词did，故把terrible 改成 terribly。
8.考查固定句式。be about to do sth.---when---，正要做某事---，这时候---，故把while 改成 when。
9.考查代词。根据my father可知把Encouraged by her,中的her 改成 him。
10.考查现在分词。句意：他总是创造一个令人放松的氛围。故把relaxed 改成 relaxing。【点睛】
与并列连词when相关的句式归纳 1． be(just)about to do...when...She was just about to say something more when she noticed the sullen look on his face．她刚要再说些什么，却突然看到了他阴沉的脸色。
2． be(just)on the point of doing sth．..when．．．
They were on the point of giving up when the captain encouraged them fiercely to save the ship． 就在他们快要放弃努力时，船长鼓励他们竭尽全力挽救轮船。
3． be going to do．．． when．．．
He was going to run away，when the policemen came． 他正打算逃跑，警察突然出现了。
4． be doing sth ．．． when．．．
The children are playing football on the playground，when it began to rain． 孩子们正在操场上踢足球，突然下起了大雨。
5． be busy doing.．． when．．．
I was busy doing my homework when one of my classmates came． 我正忙着做作业，这时我的一个同学来找我。
6． had（just)done．.． when．．．
I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang． 在劳累了一天之后，我刚要上床睡觉，这时电话响了。
7． had not done．.． when．.．
I hadn’t walked a few steps when I realized that he asked for the direc-tion to my office building．我还没走出去几步远，突然意识到他问的是去办公大楼的方向。
8． be + 介词短语 + when．．．
He was on his way to a lecture when a tourist stopped him and asked him for directions．在他去听课的路上，一名游客拦住他问路。
【河南省郑州市2018届高三下学期第三次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
In the past two years, our school had organized many activities.What impressed me most was an activity calling “Learning to Farm”.In an autumn afternoon, we went to the farm, where we learned to plant potatoes.Having been in the city for such a long time, we are so happy to go to the countryside.After we got there, we were divided into three groups, we started to work.Some students cut potatoes into pieces, some dug hole, and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the holes, put the earth back and pushed them down hard.We were all busy working as all the work was done.Though we were tired out, we felt pleased on our way back to home.【答案】
【解析】本文为记叙文。作者讲述和同学们参加学校组织的一次到农场种土豆的活动。1.考查谓语动词的时态。时间状语“in the past two years”用于现在完成时，不用过去完成时，故把had改为has。
2.考查非谓语。句意：我印象最深的是一个叫“学习农场”的活动。分析句子What impressed me most was an activity calling “Learning to Farm”可知，本句的calling “Learning to Farm”作定
语修饰名词 an activity。an activity被称为“Learning to Farm”，二者是被动关系，要用过去分词作定语。故把calling改为called。
3.考查介词。句意：一个秋天的下午，我们去了一个农场，在那里我们学会了种植土豆。an autumn afternoon一个秋天的下午。在确定的某一天的上下午要用介词on，而in一般用在不确定的某一月、年等。如in July，in 1980等。本句中是“一个秋天的下午”，确定的时间要用on，故In改为On。
4.考查冠词。根据文章内容可知，本句中的农场是第一次提到，而且指的是数量“一”，所以不用the，故把the改为a。
5.考查谓语动词的时态。本文主要讲述我们去农场时的事，要用一般过去时，故把are改为were。
6.考查连词。句意：到那里后，我们分成三组，然后开始工作。we were divided into three groups和we started to work.是两个句子，必须有连词。分析内容可知，二者是并列的，故在两句之间添加and。
7.考查名词的复数。根据内容可知，是挖了好多洞，才可以放入许多土豆片。故把hole改为holes。
8.考查代词。句意：一些学生把土豆切成片，一些人挖一些洞，其他人把土豆片放进洞里，后再把土盖回去，并把土培结实。这里的them指代前面提到的earth，earth为不可数名词，没有复数，故把them改为it。
9.考查连词辨析。根据文章内容可知，我们一直工作，直到做完所有的工作。until或till表示“一直到”，as做连词表示“当….时候；因为”，故把as改为until/till。
10.考查固定用法。on one’s way home句意：虽然我们累了，在回家的路上我们感到很高兴。为固定搭配，意为“在某人回家的路上”，因为home为副词，前面不加介词to，故要删除to。【点睛】短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性英语试题，它能全面地考查学生对语言的评价与校正能力以及对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力。词法上考查：①动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词及情态动词的用法等。如第2小题的非谓语中的现在分词、过去分词的误用等。如第1小题误用过去完成时，第5小题误用一般现在时。②名词、代词的数、格。名词的主要考点涉及名词的单复数变化（如第7小题），可数名词和不可数名词混用（如第8小题）等。③形容词、副词的比较等级。④主谓语一致及其他的一致关系。⑤连词、关系词的使用等。句法上，主要涉及到简单句否定、疑问、倒装、省略、替代等变化。行文逻辑上，主要涉及人物的性别及与之相对应的物主代词、句意的并列与转折、时间的顺序、数
量的增减以及因果的倒置等。如第9小题的连词运用不恰当等。
特别提示：在做题时，首先要通读全文，了解文章大意。要整句理解，逐行分析。单独检查全篇的动词、连词、名词、冠词、代词等，这些都是容易出错的地方，也是常考查的知识点。最后记住切忌改动原文的意思，一定要在看懂原文的基础上改错，以保持原意为原则。【河北省石家庄市第二中学2018届高三仿真模拟
（一）】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Dear Mr.Li, I’m Wangtao.I’m written to tell you my opinion about employing a foreign language teacher.They are two factors to take into consider.For a thing, the sense of humor is necessary for a teacher, who makes his class interesting and lively.For another, ensure efficiency in teaching and learning, the foreigner’s ability to speak Chinese matters much, so only with the help of Chinese can they communicate with each other smoothly.Various of activities out of class, such as English Evening and English Corner, should be organized by the foreign language teacher, which brings the students more chances to communicate with the teacher and improve his oral English.【答案】1.written→writing 2.opinion→opinions 3.They→There
4.consider→consideration 5.a→one 6.who→which 7.ensure前加to 8.so→because/as
9.去掉of或 Various→Varieties
10.their→his
【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要介绍了作者对关于聘请外语教师的意见。
1.考查动词。句意：我正在写信去说一说关于聘请外语教师的意见。与主语I是主动关系，时态用现在进行时，故written改为writing。
2.考查名词。名词opinion是可数名词，在下文中谈到了几种意见，所以要用复数形式，故opinion改为opinions。
8.考查连词。句意：另一方面，为了保证教与学的效率，外国人说汉语的能力非常重要，因为只有借助汉语，他们才能顺利地进行交流。后半部分是原因，故so改为because/as。9.考查词的用法。Various（各种各样的）是形容词，可以直接修饰名词，所以要去掉of；或者把Various换成名词Varieties，构成Varieties of（各种各样的）修饰后面名词，故去掉of或 Various改为Varieties。
10.考查代词。此处是指提高“学生们”的口语，所以应该用人称代词their，故his改为their。【点睛】
短文改错是考试必考题型，也是学生的难点之所在，只要总结规律，多做多积累，一定可以做好它。在长期的积累中总结了以下短文改错口诀：动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；冠词连词常光顾。本题的难点主要在以下几方面：
（1）动词形：主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。这类题也往往是解题的难点之所在。例如1.考查动词。句意：我正在写信去说一说关于聘请外语教师的意见。与主语I是主动关系，时态用现在进行时，故written改为writing。（2）非谓语，细辨别。非谓动词是改错题中的一个难点。学生不会辨别动词是谓语动词还
是非谓语动词，所以要仔细辨别。例如7.考查不定式。句意：为了确保教与学的效率，外国人说汉语的能力很重要。句中已经有谓语动词matters，故前面要用非谓语，不定式表目的，故在ensure前加to。
（3）习惯用法要记住：主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。例如3.考查固定句型。句意：这里有两个因素要考虑。固定句型：There be…（有……），故They—-There.【山西省太原市2018届高三第二次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Do you believe love is the most important? In the early twenty century, homeless people were often brought up in orphanages, in that they received little love.At one time, Dr.Skeels took twelve children from art orphanage or had a young girl look them each day.He also studied another twelve children who are left in the orphanage all day long.He followed these children not until I hey grew up, and the results were shocked.The children staying all day in the orphanage were either dead or suffering from serious illnesses.However, the twelve children loved by the girl were all healthy and independently.The only difference between the life of these children-the love, made a great difference to us.【答案】
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Dr.Skeels通过跟踪记录在孤儿院长大的孩子和从孤儿院领养长大的孩子的不同，告诉我们爱在生活中的重要性。
1.twenty →twentieth.考查数词。表示第几世纪要用序数词，故twenty改为twentieth。2.that→which.考查定语从句。句中包含定语从句，先行词是orphanages指物，在定语从句中作状语，指物时介词in后用关系代词which，故that改为which。
3.or→and.考查连词。此处指Dr.Skeels从孤儿院领出了12个孩子，还有一个年轻女孩照顾他们。前后句是并列关系，不是转折，故or改为and。
4.look后加after.考查动词短语。此处表示“照顾”，是look after，故look后加after。5.are→were.考查动词时态。此处指被留在孤儿院的另外12个孩子，故事发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动，故are改为were。
9.life→lives.考查名词。此处指这些被调查的孩子们的生活，用复数形式。故life改为lives.10.us→them.考查代词。此处指代these children，表示他们的生活，用they的宾格，故us改为them。
【山东省泰安市2018届高三第二次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last week，my friends invited me go camping to see the sunrise．I felt so exciting and asked for my parents’permission．Luckily，he agreed．We got to the mountain top that we would stay for a whole night．We were singing together while one of my friends were playing the guitar．The next morning，we wake up at about five o’clock．We could not wait to see the sun to come up．After a while，we saw the red color light up the sky gradual．It was so amazing scenery．The beauty in nature impressed me at that moment．
【答案】第一句 go 前面加上to 第二句 exciting 改成 excited；he 改成 they 第三句 that 改成 where 第五句 were 改成 was 第六句 wake 改成 woke 第七句 come前的to去掉 第八句 gradual 改成 gradually 第九句 so 改成such 第十句 in 改成 of 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了上周，作者和朋友一起去野营观看日出美景的经历。
第一处：考查固定句型。invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事，是固定句型，所以第一句 go 前面加上to。
V-ing修饰物，第二处：考查v-ed形式。而v-ed修饰人，这里修饰人，所以第二句 exciting 改成 excited。
第三处：考查代词。指代前面的“我的父母”，是两个人，所以he 改成 they。
第四处：考查定语从句。where we would stay for a whole night．作定语，修饰前面的the mountain top，所以where we would stay for a whole night．是一个定语从句，关系词在从句
中作地点状语，所以第三句 that 改成 where。
“one of + 可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，第五处：考查主谓一致。作主语时谓语动词用单数，所以第五句 were 改成 was。
so修饰形容词，第九处：考查so与such用法的区别。而such修饰名词，这里修饰名词scenery，所以第九句 so 改成 such。
第十处：考查介词。句意：在那一刻，自然的美景令我非常感动。表示“……的”，所以第十句 in 改成 of。
点睛：小题4考查定语从句。如何判断定语从句是关键。判断定语从句需要三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关联词。定语从句用来充当句中定语的主谓结构；它主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词。而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词的后面。在被修饰的名词、代词与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体，或是构成一个名词短语；或是构成一个代词短语。但从结构上说，关系词与从句是一个整体。排除句子的其他各部分，这种带有定语从句的名词短语或是代词短语的构成可演示如下：1）three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack三种意味着一个人是患有惊恐症而不是心脏病的迹象。在这个带有定语从句的名词短语中： signs是被修饰的名词； that是关系词； that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack是定语从句 2）those who drink a lot 那些大量饮酒的人。在这个带有定语从句的代词短语中： those是被修饰的名词； who是关系词;who drink a lot是定语从句。通过上面的演示,我们可以归纳出定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下：被修饰的名词 / 代词 + 关系词 + 句子(其中，“被修饰的名词/代词”在语法叫作“先行词”.)
【河南省洛阳市2018届高三第三次统一考试】假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错
误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The photo was taken during the sixty anniversary of our school.The elderly man on the picture attended our school 50 years ago, shortly after it founded.It was the first time he has been back to our school from he graduated and he was deeply impressed by its look.Once a young student, the elderly man now has gray hair or wrinkles, while our school has a new and more modem look.After all these years, he’s still emotional when talking about that how proud he is of once being a student of our school.I was great touched by the scene.I know someday I’ll have a same feeling as this lovely man.【答案】1.sixty 改为 sixtieth 2.on 改为 in 3.founded前加was 4.has 改为 had 5.from改为 since 6.or 改为 and 7.new 改为 newer 8.去掉 that 9.great 改为 greatly 10.a 改为 the
4.考查固定句式。It was the first（second---）time that 主语+过去完成时态，某人第几次做某事，故把has 改为 had。
5.考查连词。这是他自从毕业后第一次回到我们学校。这里是since（自从---以来）引导的时间状语从句，故把from改为 since。
9.副词修饰过去分词，故把great 改为 greatly。
10.考查固定结构。我知道有一天我会和这个可爱的男人有同样的感觉。the same---as---，与---相同，故把a 改为 the.【点睛】
1.It is the first(second---)time that 主语+现在完成时态+其他。意思是：第几次做某事了。如果把is改成was，则后面用过去完成时态。It’s the third time that I have come to the Summer Palace.这是我第三次来到颐和园。
2.It’s(high)time that 主语+一般过去时态+其他。It’s high time that 现在是该做某事的时间了。we had lunch.现在是我们该吃午饭的时间了。
3.It is/has been+一段时间+since 主语+一般过去时态+---。自从---有多长时间了。在这个句型中since引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时态，分两种情况：（1）如果从句的动词是终
止性动词leave/come/---，则表示“从动作开始到现在多长时间了。”It is three years since he began to smoke.他已经吸烟三年了。（2）如果从句的动词是持续性动词stay/smoke/live---，则表示“从动作结束到现在多长时间了”。It is three years since he smoked.他戒烟三年了。
第二篇：高考英语短文改错高考真题单句分类训练
高考英语短文改错高考真题单句分类训练
名词
一、考点规律分析
短文改错的名词考点主要涉及名词的单复数,即在该用复数的地方误用其单数,或在该用单数的地方误用其复数。
二、真题单句归纳
1.Last Sunday morning, when I was having a walk in the park near my home, I came across a crew making a new film with one of my favourite actor.（2011·陕西卷）2.He was right there in the front of me!（2011·陕西卷）
3.My brother was so fond of the museums there that he begged my parents to stay another couple of day.（2011·全国II）
4.In early January this year, the rate of UFO reports was steady,around three per weeks.（2011·辽宁卷)5.Tom was having much troubles getting up in the morning and was always late for work.（2011·四川卷)6.It felt very strange to travel without any luggages.（2011·全国新课标卷）
7.When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes.（2011·全国新课标卷）8.I was playing at my cousin house.（2011·浙江卷）
9.Although her English is a little hard to understand, we enjoy chatting and we usually talk a lot about our own family.（2011·重庆卷）
三、改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份;(2)根据上下文的逻辑关系。
四、模拟单句演练
（1）Women live longer than men in most country.（2）The film is very interesting.I have seen it many time.（3）It's said that all the ticket have been sold out.（4）The children spend a lot of times watching TV.（5）I met a lot of interesting peoples on holiday.（6）Computer are becoming more and more popular in the country.（7）He made his first time visit to China when he was 18.（8）There's a paper's factory near our school.（9）It's one of the most interesting book that I've ever read.（10）Hearing the news, the woman burst into tear.时态
一、考点规律分析
动词时态考点主要涉及一般现在时与一般过去的区别,其命题方式通常是在一个一般现在时的背景下误用某个一般过去时；或者反过来,在一个一般过去时的背景下误用某个一般现在时。从所涉及的动词来看,主要涉及be 和 have两个常用动词。有时也涉及其他时态,如一般将来时,现在完成时等,但很少见。
二、真题单句归纳
1.Unfortunately, by the time I got back, they have finished the scene and actor couldn't be seen anywhere.（2011·陕西卷）
2.When I finally arrived at my friend's he lent me lots of clothes.I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last.（2011·全国新课标卷）
3.She knows what had happened, but she thanked me and never mentioned it again.（2011·浙江卷）4.We became friends shortly after we meet each other.（2011·重庆卷）
三、改正方法:现在时与过去时的误用,句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文,着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去,突然一个句子用现在时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。
四、模拟单句演练
（1）Just now Jim tells me his mother was ill.（2）I phone my friend the other day.（3）We often played together when we are children.（4）What are you doing when I called you？
（5）In the last two weeks, we met people from different countries.（6）We'll stay at home playing cards if it will rain tomorrow.（7）Work hard and you pass the final exam.（8）It's years since I come here in China for my further study.动词
一、动词考点规律分析
动词考点归纳的是除动词时态与非谓语动词之外的动词考点,它包括被动语态、情态动词、动词形式的变化、动词用法辨析、动词 be 的误加与漏用等。
二、真题单句归纳
1.I couldn't believe my luck-not only did I had my photo taken with him, but he signed his name on my shirt!（2011·陕西卷）
2.However, my father had to return to work on Monday so we fly back last Saturday afternoon.（2011·全国II）3.I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy playing with the toy or faced my cousin again;（2011·浙江卷）
三、模拟单句演练
（1）He lied down by the side of the path to rest.（2）Books may be keep for four weeks.（3）Uncle Ben will also go back for Christmas.（4）„and let you know when the book you want has returned.（5）I'd like to your pen-friend, and get to know more about your country.（6）They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions.（7）Because of so much viewing, children may not be develop the habit of reading and the ability to enjoy themselves.（8）What your favourite sport？
（9）I use to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time, but now I am interested in football.（10）I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day.主谓一致
一、考点规律分析
从广义来说,英语中的一致问题涉及多个方面,如主谓一致、人称的一致、并列结构的前后一致等。由于人称的一致已归入“代词”考点、并列结构的前后一致已分别归入非谓语动词、时态等,所以这里只归纳主谓一致问题。
二、真题单句归纳
1.In early January this year, the rate of UFO reports were steady,around three per week.（2011·辽宁卷）2.Luckily I had all my money in my pocket, but the only clothes I had was those I had on.（2011·全国新课标卷）3.Katia,like many other Russian girls, are nice and lively.（2011·重庆卷）
三、改正方法:分清主语
四、模拟单句演练
（1）Her parents were in Shanghai, and so was his.（2）As is known to us all, remembering English words are not easy.（3）The police was looking for the murderer everywhere in the city.（4）Writing English and speaking it is different things.（5）It is the parents and their son who wants to buy the bicycle.（6）What he said at the meeting were very important to us.多词
一、考点规律分析
多词错误主要涉及英语中一些“小”词,如冠词、介词、不定式符号、人称代词、动词 be、比较级more等。具体说来,多词错误可能涉及的问题有：及物动词后接宾语时误加介词,在该用动词原形的地方误加不定式符号to,在物质名词、抽象名词、复数名词等表示泛指时误加定冠词,在一些可直接用作状语的短语前误加介词in, on, for 等,误加一些导致语义重复的小词（如two 与both连用,all 与whole 连用等）,在本身已是比较级的词前误加more,在不是从句的地方误加从句“引导词”,在一些习惯用语和固定表达中误加不该用的“小词”（如冠词、介词、副词等）,等等。
二、真题单句归纳
1.My brother was so much fond of the museums there that he begged my parents to stay another couple of days.（2011·全国II）
2.He wrote an article,which said that all UFO reports could be explained for quite naturally by aircraft movements.（2011·辽宁卷）
3.His boss wanted to fire him if he didn't start coming on time,so he went to the doctor for a help.（2011·四川卷）
4.When I finally arrived at my friend's he lent to me lots of clothes.（2011·全国新课标卷）
5.I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or face my cousin again;（2011·浙江卷）
6.Now, we are planning a small party for the next Sunday.（2011·重庆卷）
三、模拟单句演练
（1）David pointed to a path which it he thought would probably lead to a village.（2）Modern people know more about the health, have better food, and live in clearer surroundings.（3）Most people can quickly get for help from a doctor or go to a hospital when they are ill.（4）As a result, people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past.（5）I never knew about a ride down a river could be so exciting.（6）Today I visited the Smiths — my first time visit to an American family.（7）I'll spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it.（8）Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.（9）Because of so much viewing, children may not be develop the habit of reading and the ability to enjoy themselves.（10）Though I am a student now, I will work as very hard to make my dream come true.缺词
一、考点规律分析
与多词错误的情形相似,缺词也主要涉及英语中一些“小”词,如冠词、介词、不定式符号、人称代词、动词 be等。具体说来,漏词错误可能涉及的问题有：不及物动词后接宾语时漏加必要的介词,在该带不定式符号to的地方漏加 to,在单数可数名词表示泛指意义时漏加必要的限定词（尤其是漏加不定冠词）,漏掉表特指的定冠词,漏掉被动语态中的助动词 be,漏加系表结构中的连系动词 be,漏加一些常用结构或表达中的介词（如漏掉 a lot of 中的 of,漏掉 because of 中的 of,漏掉 instead of 中的 of等）,漏掉某些从句的“引导词”（通常会导致意义不通）,等等。
二、真题单句归纳
1.I didn't have my camera with me at that time, so I rushed back home to get.（2011·陕西卷）2.The commanding officer,Wayne Tyler,who directly responsible for the study of all such repsorts,decided to make his findings known.（2011·辽宁卷）
3.He had time for a proper breakfast and was still the first reach the factory.（2011·四川卷）
4.I was going to visit a friend there and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday.（2011·全国新课标卷）
5.I put into my pocket when he wasn't looking.（2011·浙江卷）
6.This is the first time that I′ve been away my family for such a long time.（2011·重庆卷）
三、模拟单句演练
（1）When I have free time I go a long walk.（2）Good health is person's most valuable possession.（3）In some places you may borrow many books as you want.（4）We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves.（5）My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.（6）There is public library in every town in Britain.（7）But then there is always more mysteries look into.（8）I'd like very much come but I have an examination on Monday morning.介词
一、考点规律分析
短文改错对介词的考查主要涉及在及物动词后接宾语时误加介词和在不及物动词后接宾语时漏加介词、可直接用作状语的副词短语前误加介词、介词与其他词的常用搭配、常用介词的基本用法、习语中的介词用法等。
二、真题单句归纳
1.I was really disappointed and about to leave when he walked out a building.（2011·陕西卷）2.Thank you very much for showing us around your city and providing us for the wonderful meals.（2011·全国II）
3.When, however, on Monday, January 16, a science fiction film about visitors to outer space was shown on television,there was an immediate increase in reports of sightings from all parts of the States.（2011·辽宁卷）
4.Tom was having much trouble getting up in the morning and was always late with work.（2011·四川卷）
5.Luckily I had all my money on my pocket, but the only clothes I had were those I had on.（2011·全国新课标卷）
6.There was one on particular I'd always wanted.（2011·浙江卷）
三、模拟单句演练
（1）We must serve for the people heart and soul.（2）I followed the man for a while, and saw him enter into the bank.（3）Soon the nurse married with my friend Jim.（4）I took a great many of photographs in the mountains.（5）In English class,we often talk each other in English.（6）Don't talk.What the man says is well worth listening.（7）The chair looks hard, but it is comfortable to sit.（8）She was very kind and insisted lending her car to us.（9）I asked to her what she would be doing on Saturday.（10）On his way to home, he met one of his old friends Jack.从句及并列连词
一、考点规律分析
短文改错对从句引导词的考查主要涉及根据句意正确选用引导词、引导词的误加与漏用、将不是从句的东西误认为是从句而误加引导词等。
二、真题单句归纳
1.I didn't have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get it.（2011·陕西卷）2.It's been a week after we left your family and we are now back home.（2011·全国II）
3.Following this explanation,there was a rapid drop in the number of reported sightings,because the rate remained above the previous level.（2011·辽宁卷）4.His boss wanted to fire him if he didn't start coming on time,but he went to the doctor for help.（2011·四川卷）
5.I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag form the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it.（2011·全国新课标卷）
6.We're both surprised that Chinese culture or Russian culture are so different.（2011·重庆卷）7.There ,Katia will introduce me to some of her friends, one of who has been to China several times.I just can't wait.（2011·重庆卷）
三、改正方法：
1）根据句意确定错误；主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误用。
2）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。
四、模拟单句演练
（1）He is the man his car was stolen.（2）That's the hotel which we were staying last summer.（3）That's the palace where we visited last summer.（4）I suddenly woke up in mid-night.And it was a long time I got to sleep again.（5）In the past few years when we've planted thousands of trees along the river.（6）At the airport where all the baggage must be examined.（7）He wrote me a letter and asked I was getting on.（8）She stayed in France for 10 years.That's she spoke French so well.（9）It's really a beautiful place, where everyone hopes to visit.（10）It cost nothing.Anyone can get it unless he likes it.非谓语动词
一、考点规律分析
短文改错对非谓语动词的考查主要涉及不定式符号 to 的有无,介词后该使用动词的什么形式（用动名词）,并列结构中几个非谓语动词是否一致,动词用作主语时用何种形式（可用动名词或不定式,但不能用动词原形）等。
二、真题单句归纳
1.Last Sunday morning, when I was having a walk in the park near my home, I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favourite actors.（2011·陕西卷）
2.My brother was so fond of the museums there that he begged my parents to staying another couple of days.（2011·全国II）
3.The commanding officer,Wayne Tyler,who was directly responsible for the study of all such repsorts,decided to making his findings known.（2011·辽宁卷）
4.Follow this explanation,there was a rapid drop in the number of reported sightings,but the rate remained above the previous level.（2011·辽宁卷）
5.The man did as told and slept really well,wake up before the alam had even gone off.（2011·四川卷）
6.He had time for a proper breakfast and was still the first reach the factory.（2011·四川卷）
7.“Boss,” he said ,“that medicine really works!” I'm pleasing to hear it ,”said his boss,”but where were you yesterday?”
（2011·四川卷）
8.My summer travel started terribly.I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hang Zhou.（2011·全国新课标卷）
9.With the help of Katia, a roommate of mine, I′ve soon got used to live without my parents around.三、改正方法：1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；2）动词不定式和动名词的错用；3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。
四、模拟单句演练（1）David and I wanted go off to find help but Bill insisted on staying near the car.（2）I want to thank you again for have me in your home for the summer holidays.（3）It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.（4）I went back to get David and helped him to stood up.（5）I look forward to hear from you soon.（6）I'd like very much come but I have an examination on Monday morning.（7）I'll spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it.（8）Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit.（9）After learn the basics of the subject, nothing else seemed very practical to me.（10）As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.（11）But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(12）I am thinking of making a trip to London, and visit the British Museum and some parks.冠词
一、考点规律分析
短文改错对冠词的考查主要涉及冠词的误加和漏用,有时也考查不定冠词与定冠词以及零冠词的用法区别（包括 a 与 an 的区别）。其中,涉及最多的是,当一个单数可数名词表示泛指时,其前漏用不定冠词；另外,冠词在一些习语中的用法也是一个重要考点。
二、真题单句归纳
1.If you'd like to make trip to our city some day, I will be more than happy to be your guide.（2011·全国II）
2.When, however, on Monday, January 16, a science fiction film about visitors from outer space was shown on television,there was the immediate increase in reports of sightings from all parts of the States.（2011·辽宁卷）
三、模拟单句演练
（1）Her sister, who is nurse, will marry one of the doctors in the hospital.（2）It was such wonderful dinner that we enjoyed it very much.（3）It was raining hard, so I had to borrow a umbrella.（4）My friend Mary comes from an European country.（5）Mr Smith used to be physics teacher till he turned writer.（6）In the word, he is a good student and all of us like him.（7）People made the fun of her because she wore such strange clothes.（8）You don't know what wonderful time we've had.代词
一、考点规律分析
短文改错对代词的考查主要涉及人称代词的前后一致性（包括指代的一致性和单复数的一致性）、人称代词的主格与宾语变化、各类代词的误加与漏用（尤其是一些易受汉语影响的结构）、某些不定代词的用法（尤其是在意思上用错）、代词在某些习语中的用法等。
二、真题单句归纳
1.Thank you very much for showing them around your city and providing us with the wonderful meals.（2011·全国II）
2.The commanding officer,Wayne Tyler,who was directly responsible for the study of all such repsorts,decided to make his findings known.They wrote an article,which said that all UFO reports could be explained quite naturally by aircraft movements.（2011·辽宁卷）
3.The doctor gave him some medicine and told him to take them before he went to bed.（2011·四川卷）
4.With the help of Katia, a roommate of me, I′ve soon got used to living without my parents around.5.I didn’t have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get.6.There was one on particular I’d always wanted.I put into my pocket when he wasn’t looking
三、模拟单句演练
（1）David pointed to a path which it he thought would probably lead to a village.（2）When we walked to the car, Bill smiled and shook head.（3）I think I liked those classes because I felt that it helped me understand what the world works.（4）And I can't forget the good food you cooked for I.（5）But his parents think going to college is more important than playing sports and college is the only place for a smart boy like his son.（6）The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.（7）In any other words, I am an only child.形容词和副词
一、考点规律分析
短文改错对形容词与副词的考查主要涉及形容词和副词比较等级的误用（尤其是在本身已是比较级的词前误加more）、形容词与副词的混用（如修饰动词时误用形容词或修饰名词时误用副词）等,另外,用作表语时该用形容词的却误用了名词、简短副词（如 in, down 等）的误加与漏用、涉及形容词搭配的as„as 结构、how 与 what 的混用等也是常考的考点。
二、真题单句归纳
1.Unfortunately, by the time I got back, they had finished the scene and the actor couldn't be seen everywhere.（2011·陕西卷）
2.I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out of a building.（2011·陕西卷）3.If you'd like to make a trip to our city some day, I will be better than happy to be your guide.（2011·全国II）
4.He had time for a properly breakfast and was still the first to reach the factory.（2011·四川卷）5.I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buying a ticket to Hang Zhou.I was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to Xiamen for a long holiday.（2011·全国新课标卷）6.Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did.（2011·浙江卷）Late on, my aunt drove me home.（2011·浙江卷）
7.When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back.（2011·浙江卷）
8.She knew what had happened, but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.（2011·浙江卷）9.Although her English is a little hardly to understand, we enjoy chatting and we usually talk a lot about our own families
三、改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。1）根据adj.或adv.的基本用法确定错误；2）修饰连系动词或名词用形容词；3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。
四、模拟单句演练
（1）I'll try to be more carefully next time.（2）China is much more bigger than the United States.（3）There are few boys than girls in our class.（4）He says that skiing is much exciting than skating.（5）Strange, they even know everything about me.（6）He found someone was following her, so she felt frightening.（7）It was real very dangerous.You might have injured yourself.（8）In fact, they finally came back home,safely and sound.（9）The fish tastes well； why not have a try？ 动词形,名词数, 还要注意形和副； 非谓语,细辨别,习惯用法要记住；
句子成分多分析, 逻辑错误须关注； 冠词连词常光顾。
第三篇：2014年高考英语(高考真题+模拟新题)分类：D单元++短文改错
D1 短文改错记叙文
D2 短文改错应用文
D3 短文改错议论文
D3[2014·全国大纲卷]
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词：在错的词下画一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不要改。
All of us need friendship.The understanding76.________ between two friends mean both of them have similar77.________
ideas and trusting each other.Otherwise, it is78.________
impossible for him to help each other and to make79.________
their friendship to last long.As an old saying goes，80.________
“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” So really friendship 81.________
should able to stand all sorts of tests.And it is82.________
wise to have as many good friends that we can.83.________ The more friends we have, the more we can learn for84.________ one another, but the more pleasure we can share together.85.________
76．正确 本句没有错误。
77．mean改为means 考查主谓一致。这个句子的主语是the understanding，动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
78．trusting改为trust 考查并列关系。根据句子中的and并列连词可知，其前后并列，动词形式要一致，故改为trust和have并列。
79．him改为them 考查代词指代一致。根据后文的each other可知，他们是相互帮助的。故用them。
80．去掉to 考查make的用法。此处make后接不带to的不定式作宾补。
81．really改为real 考查形容词的用法。此处friendship是名词，修饰名词用形容词。82．should后加be 考查谓语动词的用法。此处should后用动词原形，故加谓语动词be。
83．that改为as 考查as„as 的用法。根据句意可知，我们拥有尽可能多的朋友是明智的。这里是as„as句型。
84．for改为from 考查动词短语的用法。learn from意为“向„„学习”。
85．but改为and 考查并列连词的用法。根据句意可知此处是并列关系，不是转折关系。故改为and。
D4短文改错说明文
第四篇：2017年高考英语短文改错[定稿]
2017年高考英语短文改错最全套路
一、短文改错万能公式
1.谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有：
①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;
②and前后动词时态不一致;
③主谓不一致;
④缺少动词,特别是be动词;
⑤第三人称单数形式错用;
⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。
2.名词的常见错误：
单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。
3.连词错误：
连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/or/but等。
关于连词，一般考查从句关系：who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。
4.冠词错误：
误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);
误用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词)
5.形容词和副词错误：
系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);
词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。
6.代词错误：
代词的主格和宾格(I/me;he/him;she/her;we/us they/them)错误;
反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;
代词的单数和复数使用错误;
代词指代错误;
多代词或少代词。
7.非谓语动词的常见错误：
不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;
and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时);
介词后用动名词形式作宾语;
某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。
8.介词错误：
词组中的介词误用;
介词意思理解偏差;
介词的多用或少用
二、短文改错解答口诀
动词形，名词数;
注意形和副;
非谓动词细辨别;
习惯用法要记住;
句子成分多分析;
逻辑错误须关注。
1、动词形
主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。
例如：My favourite sport is football.I was member of our school football team.Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library.(are)
上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。
2、名词数
指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。
例如：„so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.(subjects)
3、区分形和副
即区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如：I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.(wonderful)Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.(Unfortunately)
需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time，第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。
4、非谓动词细辨别
这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误，也包括不定式类错误。
例如：
„in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football.(interested)
Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also „(playing)
My parents love me„ and will do all they can ∧ make sure„(to)
上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的，现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的含义。
5、习惯用法要记住
主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。
例如：It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and„(of)We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves.(of)
6、句子成分多分析
不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。
例如：They∧eager to know everything about China and„(were)I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.(which)
第一例漏掉了谓语动词were，这是受寒于习惯的影响而导致的错误;第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副词，不能作主语。
7、逻辑错误须关注
与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。
例如：The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(their)First, let me tell you something more about myself.(去掉more)
„no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead.(everyone)上述第一例中的主语是Smiths(史密斯夫妇俩)，因此后面的his不合逻辑。第二例中的more在这儿表“再”的意思，才开始告诉别人，怎么能说“再告诉你一些事”?第三例讲的是为了解决看电视时的争端，“我们”把电视机卖了;晚上没电视看了，所以与从前一样，大家又都读书了，所以该用everyone。
除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：连词but, and, or和so的用法错误(可以归类为逻辑错误)，以及冠词的用法错误等。
例如：
She was smiling but nodding at me.(and)
It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.(or)
We may be one family and live under a same roof.(the)
三、短文改错参考原则 1.改动以最少为原则;2.虚词以添加或删除为原则;3.实词以改变词形为原则;4.以保持句子原意为原则;
5.核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方，可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例：即多一词1个，缺词1个，错词8个;
6.核对改正的语法项目是否有重复，因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象;
7.核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号，忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。
第五篇：高考英语短文改错论文
高考英语短文改错解题策略
摘要：短文改错是高考试题中一个重要题型。它不仅考查学生在语法、词汇、修辞等方面的语言知识和能力，而且还考查学生对信息的认知与获取能力，更重要的是考查学生能够判断、鉴别正误的能力。这一题型对很多考生来说是有相当难度的，因为改错中的错误一般都是他们平时较容易犯的错误，即他们的软肋，所以在做这类题目的时候，常常感到无从下手，或者惊慌失措，结果胡乱改改就草草了事，结果连难度系数并不高的题目也做不出来，知道答案后又后悔不已，但为时已晚。所以考生应该以正确的态度来面对此题。本文就高考英语试题中的短文改错的特点，提出解题策略。1.高考英语短文改错的特点
英语短文改错是现代语言测试试题中一个重要的类型。它一般是选择一段或者几段文字正确、语言地道、题材得当的语言材料为母本，按照一个适当的字数大体给这篇语言材料分行，在现代语言测试学科学命题理论指导下，对其中的某些文字进行有目的地添加、删减或错误改动，使这段文字的某些行出现错词、多词或缺词的一种情况，让学生对测试行的文字进行判断或改动，以恢复原文正确地道得体的本来面貌，以此来对学生的语言水平进行科学的测定。
短文改错属于综合考点单技能间接试题特点，就是把各类考点综合起来放在一定篇幅中进行考察，对学生的语言能力和语篇的能力都有所要求，但更侧重于考察学生对语言篇章结构的整体理解和把握的能力，因而属于档次较高的题型，能比较准确地反映学生的实际语言水平，也较容易区分学生的层次差异。此题型还在辩错、改错中考察到学生部分产生性的运用能力，因而这种题型成为目前测试准确性最有效的题型之一。
2.提高高考短文改错能力的方法及策略 2.1灵活运用语法知识
众所周知，英语语言能力包括众多因素，其中之一是语法知识。语法知识是构成语言能力的基础。没有系统的语法知识，学习者就很难全面、准确地以口头或书面的形式表达思维或意念。短文改错项目侧重于测试学生的运用语法知识的能力，即怎样运用规范的语言知识解决具体问题的能力。对于学生来说，在平时要彻底地了解已学过的语法知识和概念，要学会“举一反三”，提高语言的准确性、逻辑性。2.2扩大词汇量、掌握词语固定搭配
词汇与搭配是高考英语短文改错项目的另一测试点，其测试面含盖各类词性的词，同时侧重考核他们的搭配与用法。短文改错对词汇的考核有些是语意的，有些是结构上的。词汇的积累不是一朝一夕即可完成，它需要在平时的学习过程中逐步积累，积少成多；了解词的不同搭配在不同语境中的用法，同义词之间的不同用法，学会根据上下文来判断单词与短语的含义，上下文内容的连贯以及逻辑关系的顺畅等。因此，对于学生来说，平时自己在学习中要注意扩大、巩固已有的词汇量;同时，在学习、掌握词汇的过程中，特别要注意提高自己灵活运用词汇的能力。2.3运用语篇知识 短文改错主要是考察对短文宏观上的把握与微观上的语言基本功。除了考查语法与词汇，也考查对语言整体内容的理解和运用。此题之所以采用短文改错的形式，就是强调对语言知识（语法与词汇）在具体语境或上下文中使用的能力。因此在历年的考题中，很大一部分并不只是限于孤立的词组或语法，而是要求考生从篇章的角度，从上下文，从句子与句子之间，从语段与语段之间的逻辑关系与语意关系去判断正误。
要做到从篇章的角度把握全局，首先要学会利用首段或段首句最大限度的获取信息。文章的开头往往开宗明义，点明主题。因此利用段首句提供的信息挖掘文章的思路，寻找文章的脉络和线索。其次理清文章结构，找出前后的逻辑关系及衔接连词等。最后联系上下文，寻找相关线索，确定有无语义上的错误。在历年的考试中，学生对这类错误的判断准确率相对较低。因此，学生平时要加强对篇章的理解能力的训练，了解、熟悉篇章结构的特点：语段内句子之间的关系、语段之间的关系；它们的类别；各种不同关系的表示法等等。只有在此基础上，学生才能灵活正确地使用语言知识，做到准确答题。2.4运用文化背景知识
做短文改错题时，有时文章中提供的信息还不够，这就要求学生把储存在大脑里的一般知识信息结合起来考虑，找出错误并加以改正。根据Widdowson(1983)提到的理解全过程，“理解实质上是背景知识、语境和语言知识本身综合作用的产物，缺少任何一部分，理解将是失败或不完整的。” 2.5采用正确的解题技巧
2.5.1头脑冷静，通读全文掌握中心意思
短文改错题是一个较综合和较有难度的题型，但不是无法攻克，所以做这类题时首先要保持冷静，运用自己所储备的相关知识，理性分析。接下来不要拿起来就改，首先应该对文章有个整体了解，可以先迅速通读全文，在正确理解或大致正确理解甚至猜想原文的前提下，使我们对全文在宏观上有一个初步的把握，这对判断整体的时态、语态都很重要。因为短文是个整体，只了解孤立的词句是不够的，需要从篇章的角度对句子、段落进行深层次。透彻的理解，掌握上下文的语境，把局部含义与主旨大意结合起来判断，就能提高准确性。2.5.2分句阅读，利用语法等知识逐行找错
做完上述工作后，就要进入逐行改错阶段。仔细分析每一个句子，而不是每一行。语言是以句子而不是以行为完整的意义单位的，所以解题时，要上下兼顾，切不可顾此失彼。在整句理解的基础上，逐行进行语法和行文逻辑错误分析。既要看清词或句子，更要理清整体的逻辑关系。综合运用所学语言知识，根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题。如果碰到哪一行的错误没找出来，可暂时不做，接着做下一行，全部做完后，再回头做，可能就会容易些。而且有时后面的文章会给出有用的信息。特别要注意两方面：一是不能改变文中句子本身的意义，还要注意错误是否出现在行首或尾，因为这两处的错误往往不易被察觉。
2.5.3最后通读，验证答案 改后复读有助于查漏补缺，纠正失误，减少差错。通过复读，看看全文是否通畅，行文逻辑是否合理，文章结构或句式结构是否完整，尤其要对初改时感觉不顺利的地方多加以推敲。还要检查是否按照考试要求使用所规定的符号删除、增添或修改，避免非水平性失分。3.结语
综上所述，英语短文改错是对语言知识全面的考查。对词汇，语法与篇章理解能力都有较高的要求，建议考生在学习时不能一知半解，似是而非，对于知识的掌握必须扎实准确。而且还要多进行改错练习。可以通过看其他同学的习作，欣赏的同时也有意识地把该习作进行一下“改错”，还可多进行单句改错练习，但每次练习都要遵照正确的方法和步骤，逐渐体会和把握这一题型的规律，久而久之就能容易地发现和改正语病。除此之外，还要加强阅读方面的训练。阅读是理解的先决条件，理解是判断正误的依据，而判断又是改错的先决条件。因此要准确找出文章中的错误，必须首先着眼阅读，加强阅读。
高考英语短文改错解题策略
五大连池风景区高级中学
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