第一篇:宏观经济学所有的专业词汇英文缩写及其翻译
宏观经济学所有的专业词汇英文缩写及其翻译
accounting 会计
accounting cost 会计成本
accounting profit 会计利润
adverse selection 逆向选择
allocation 配置
allocation of resources 资源配置
allocative efficiency 配置效率
antitrust legislation 反托拉斯法
arc elasticity 弧弹性
Arrow's impossibility theorem 阿罗不可能定理
Assumption 假设
asymetric information 非对称性信息
average平均
average cost平均成本
average cost pricing平均成本定价法
average fixed cost平均固定成本
average product of capital 资本平均产量
average product of labour 劳动平均产量
average revenue平均收益
average total cost平均总成本
average variable cost平均可变成本
B
barriers to entry 进入壁垒
base year 基年
bilateral monopoly 双边垄断
benefit 收益
black market 黑市
bliss point 极乐点
boundary point 边界点
break even point 收支相抵点
budget 预算
budget constraint 预算约束
budget line 预算线
budget set 预算集
C
capital 资本
capital stock 资本存量
capital output ratio 资本产出比率
capitalism 资本主义
cardinal utility theory 基数效用论
cartel 卡特尔
ceteris puribus assumption “其他条件不变”的假设 ceteris puribus demand curve 其他因素不变的需求曲线
Chamberlin model 张伯伦模型
change in demand 需求变化
change in quantity demanded 需求量变化
change in quantity supplied 供给量变化
change in supply 供给变化
choice 选择
closed set 闭集
Coase theorem 科斯定理
Cobb—Douglas production function 柯布--道格拉斯生产函数
cobweb model 蛛网模型
collective bargaining 集体协议工资
collusion 合谋
command economy 指令经济
commodity 商品
commodity combination 商品组合
commodity market 商品市场
commodity space 商品空间
common property 公用财产
comparative static analysis 比较静态分析
compensated budget line 补偿预算线
compensated demand function 补偿需求函数 compensation principles 补偿原则
compensating variation in income 收入补偿变量
competition 竞争
competitive market 竞争性市场
complement goods 互补品
complete information 完全信息
completeness 完备性
condition for efficiency in exchange 交换的最优条件
condition for efficiency in production 生产的最优条件
concave 凹
concave function 凹函数
concave preference 凹偏好
consistence 一致性
constant cost industry 成本不变产业
constant returns to scale 规模报酬不变
constraints 约束
consumer 消费者
consumer behavior 消费者行为
consumer choice 消费者选择
consumer equilibrium 消费者均衡
consumer optimization 消费者优化
consumer preference 消费者偏好 consumer surplus 消费者剩余
consumer theory 消费者理论
consumption 消费
consumption bundle 消费束
consumption combination 消费组合
consumption possibility curve 消费可能曲线
consumption possibility frontier 消费可能性前沿
consumption set 消费集
consumption space 消费空间
continuity 连续性
continuous function 连续函数
contract curve 契约曲线
convex 凸
convex function 凸函数
convex preference 凸偏好
convex set 凸集
corporatlon 公司
cost 成本
cost benefit analysis 成本收益分
cost function 成本函数
cost minimization 成本极小化
Cournot equilihrium 古诺均衡 Cournot model 古诺模型
Cross—price elasticity 交叉价格弹性 D
dead—weights loss 重负损失
decreasing cost industry 成本递减产业
decreasing returns to scale 规模报酬递减
deduction 演绎法
demand 需求
demand curve 需求曲线
demand elasticity 需求弹性
demand function 需求函数
demand price 需求价格
demand schedule 需求表
depreciation 折旧
derivative 导数
derive demand 派生需求
difference equation 差分方程
differential equation 微分方程
differentiated good 差异商品
differentiated oligoply 差异寡头
diminishing marginal substitution 边际替代率递减
diminishing marginal return 收益递减 diminishing marginal utility 边际效用递减
direct approach 直接法
direct taxes 直接税
discounting 贴税、折扣
diseconomies of scale 规模不经济
disequilibrium 非均衡
distribution 分配
division of labour 劳动分工
distribution theory of marginal productivity 边际生产率分配论
duoupoly 双头垄断、双寡
duality 对偶
durable goods 耐用品
dynamic analysis 动态分析
dynamic models 动态模型
E
Economic agents 经济行为者
economic cost 经济成本
economic efficiency 经济效率
economic goods 经济物品
economic man 经济人
economic mode 经济模型
economic profit 经济利润 economic region of production 生产的经济区域
economic regulation 经济调节
economic rent 经济租金
exchange 交换
economics 经济学
exchange efficiency 交换效率
economy 经济
exchange contract curve 交换契约曲线
economy of scale 规模经济
Edgeworth box diagram 埃奇沃思图
exclusion 排斥性、排他性
Edgeworth contract curve 埃奇沃思契约线
Edgeworth model 埃奇沃思模型
efficiency 效率,效益
efficiency parameter 效率参数
elasticity 弹性
elasticity of substitution 替代弹性
endogenous variable 内生变量
endowment 禀赋
endowment of resources 资源禀赋
Engel curve 恩格尔曲线
entrepreneur 企业家 entrepreneurship 企业家才能
entry barriers 进入壁垒
entry/exit decision 进出决策
envolope curve 包络线
equilibrium 均衡
equilibrium condition 均衡条件
equilibrium price 均衡价格
equilibrium quantity 均衡产量
eqity 公平
equivalent variation in income 收入等价变量
excess—capacity theorem 过度生产能力定理
excess supply 过度供给
exchange 交换
exchange contract curve 交换契约曲线
exclusion 排斥性、排他性
exclusion principle 排他性原则
existence 存在性
existence of general equilibrium 总体均衡的存在性
exogenous variables 外生变量
expansion paths 扩展径
expectation 期望
expected utility 期望效用 expected value 期望值
expenditure 支出
explicit cost 显性成本
external benefit 外部收益
external cost 外部成本
external economy 外部经济
external diseconomy 外部不经济
externalities 外部性
F
Factor 要素
factor demand 要素需求
factor market 要素市场
factors of production 生产要素
factor substitution 要素替代
factor supply 要素供给
fallacy of composition 合成谬误
final goods 最终产品
firm 企业
firms’demand curve for labor 企业劳动需求曲线
firm supply curve 企业供给曲线
first-degree price discrimination 第一级价格歧视
first—order condition 一阶条件 fixed costs 固定成本
fixed input 固定投入
fixed proportions production function 固定比例的生产函数
flow 流量
fluctuation 波动
for whom to produce 为谁生产
free entry 自由进入
free goods 自由品,免费品
free mobility of resources 资源自由流动
free rider 搭便车,免费搭车
function 函数
future value 未来值
G
game theory 对策论、博弈论
general equilibrium 总体均衡
general goods 一般商品
Giffen goods 吉芬晶 收入补偿需求曲线
Giffen's Paradox 吉芬之谜
Gini coefficient 吉尼系数
goldenrule 黄金规则
goods 货物
government failure 政府失败 government regulation 政府调控
grand utility possibility curve 总效用可能曲线
grand utility possibility frontier 总效用可能前沿
H
heterogeneous product 异质产品
Hicks—kaldor welfare criterion 希克斯一卡尔多福利标准
homogeneity 齐次性
homogeneous demand function 齐次需求函数
homogeneous product 同质产品
homogeneous production function 齐次生产函数
horizontal summation 水平和
household 家庭
how to produce 如何生产
human capital 人力资本
hypothesis 假说
I
identity 恒等式
imperfect competion 不完全竞争
implicitcost 隐性成本
income 收入
income compensated demand curve
income constraint 收入约束 income consumption curve 收入消费曲线
income distribution 收入分配
income effect 收入效应
income elasticity of demand 需求收入弹性
increasing cost industry 成本递增产业
increasing returns to scale 规模报酬递增
inefficiency 缺乏效率
index number 指数
indifference 无差异
indifference curve 无差异曲线
indifference map 无差异族
indifference relation 无差异关系
indifference set 无差异集
indirect approach 间接法
individual analysis 个量分析
individual demand curve 个人需求曲线
individual demand function 个人需求函数
induced variable 引致变量
induction 归纳法
industry 产业
industry equilibrium 产业均衡
industry supply curve 产业供给曲线 inelastic 缺乏弹性的
inferior goods 劣品
inflection point 拐点
information 信息
information cost 信息成本
initial condition 初始条件
initial endowment 初始禀赋
innovation 创新
input 投入
input—output 投入—产出
institution 制度
institutional economics 制度经济学
insurance 保险
intercept 截距
interest 利息
interest rate 利息率
intermediate goods 中间产品
internatization of externalities 外部性内部化
invention 发明
inverse demand function 逆需求函数
investment 投资
invisible hand 看不见的手 isocost line 等成本线,isoprofit curve 等利润曲线
isoquant curve 等产量曲线
isoquant map 等产量族
K
kinded—demand curve 弯折的需求曲线
L
labour 劳动
labour demand 劳动需求
labour supply 劳动供给
labour theory of value 劳动价值论
labour unions 工会
laissez faire 自由放任
Lagrangian function 拉格朗日函数
Lagrangian multiplier 拉格朗乘数,land 土地
law 法则
law of demand and supply 供需法
law of diminishing marginal utility 边际效用递减法则
law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution 边际替代率递减法则
law of diminishing marginal rate of technical substitution 边际技术替代率
law of increasing cost 成本递增法则 law of one price 单一价格法则
leader—follower model 领导者--跟随者模型
least—cost combination of inputs 最低成本的投入组合
leisure 闲暇
Leontief production function 列昂节夫生产函数
licenses 许可证
linear demand function 线性需求函数
linear homogeneity 线性齐次性
linear homogeneous production function 线性齐次生产函数
long run长期
long run average cost 长期平均成本
long run equilibrium 长期均衡
long run industry supply curve 长期产业供给曲线
long run marginal cost 长期边际成本
long run total cost 长期总成本
Lorenz curve 洛伦兹曲线
loss minimization 损失极小化
1ump sum tax 一次性征税
luxury 奢侈品 M
macroeconomics 宏观经济学
marginal 边际的 marginal benefit 边际收益
marginal cost 边际成本
marginal cost pricing 边际成本定价
marginal cost of factor 边际要素成本
marginal period 市场期
marginal physical productivity 实际实物生产率
marginal product 边际产量
marginal product of capital 资本的边际产量
marginal product of 1abour 劳动的边际产量
marginal productivity 边际生产率
marginal rate of substitution 边替代率
marginal rate of transformation 边际转换率
marginal returns 边际回报
marginal revenue 边际收益
marginal revenue product 边际收益产品
marginal revolution 边际革命
marginal social benefit 社会边际收益
marginal social cost 社会边际成本
marginal utility 边际效用
marginal value products 边际价值产品
market 市场
market clearance 市场结清,市场洗清 market demand 市场需求
market economy 市场经济
market equilibrium 市场均衡
market failure 市场失败
market mechanism 市场机制
market structure 市场结构
market separation 市场分割
market regulation 市场调节
market share 市场份额
markup pricing 加减定价法
Marshallian demand function 马歇尔需求函数
maximization 极大化
microeconomics 微观经济学
minimum wage 最低工资
misallocation of resources 资源误置
mixed economy 混合经济
model 模型
money 货币
monopolistic competition 垄断竞争
monopolistic exploitation 垄断剥削
monopoly 垄断,卖方垄断
monopoly equilibrium 垄断均衡 monopoly pricing 垄断定价
monopoly regulation 垄断调控
monopoly rents 垄断租金
monopsony 买方垄断
N
Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡
Natural monopoly 自然垄断
Natural resources 自然资源
Necessary condition 必要条件
necessities 必需品
net demand 净需求
nonconvex preference 非凸性偏好
nonconvexity 非凸性
nonexclusion 非排斥性
nonlinear pricing 非线性定价
nonrivalry 非对抗性
nonprice competition 非价格竞争
nonsatiation 非饱和性
non--zero—sum game 非零和对策
normal goods 正常品
normal profit 正常利润
normative economics 规范经济学 O
objective function 目标函数
oligopoly 寡头垄断
oligopoly market 寡头市场
oligopoly model 寡头模型
opportunity cost 机会成本
optimal choice 最佳选择
optimal consumption bundle 消费束
perfect elasticity 完全有弹性
optimal resource allocation 最佳资源配置
optimal scale 最佳规模
optimal solution 最优解
optimization 优化
ordering of optimization(social)preference(社会)偏好排序
ordinal utility 序数效用
ordinary goods 一般品
output 产量、产出
output elasticity 产出弹性
output maximization 产出极大化
P
parameter 参数
Pareto criterion 帕累托标准 Pareto efficiency 帕累托效率
Pareto improvement 帕累托改进
Pareto optimality 帕累托优化
Pareto set 帕累托集
partial derivative 偏导数
partial equilibrium 局部均衡
patent 专利
pay off matrix 收益矩阵、支付矩阵
perceived demand curve 感觉到的需求曲线
perfect competition 完全竞争
perfect complement 完全互补品
perfect monopoly 完全垄断
perfect price discrimination 完全价格歧视
perfect substitution 完全替代品
perfect inelasticity 完全无弹性
perfectly elastic 完全有弹性
perfectly inelastic 完全无弹性
plant size 工厂规模
point elasticity 点弹性
positive economics 实证经济学
post Hoc Fallacy 后此谬误
prediction 预测 preference 偏好
preference relation 偏好关系
present value 现值
price 价格
price adjustment model 价格调整模型
price ceiling 最高限价
price consumption curve 价格费曲线
price control 价格管制
price difference 价格差别
price discrimination 价格歧视
price elasticity of demand 需求价格弹性
price elasticity of supply 供给价格弹性
price floor 最低限价
price maker 价格制定者
price rigidity 价格刚性
price seeker 价格搜求者
price taker 价格接受者
price tax 从价税
private benefit 私人收益
principal—agent issues 委托--代理问题
private cost 私人成本
private goods 私人用品 private property 私人财产
producer equilibrium 生产者均衡
producer theory 生产者理论
product 产品
product transformation curve 产品转换曲线
product differentiation 产品差异
product group 产品集团
production 生产
production contract curve 生产契约曲线
production efficiency 生产效率
production function 生产函数
production possibility curve 生产可能性曲线
productivity 生产率
productivity of capital 资本生产率
productivity of labor 劳动生产率
profit 利润
profit function 利润函数
profit maximization 利润极大化
property rights 产权
property rights economics 产权经济学
proposition 定理
proportional demand curve 成比例的需求曲线 public benefits 公共收益
public choice 公共选择
public goods 公共商品
pure competition 纯粹竞争
rivalry 对抗性、竞争
pure exchange 纯交换
pure monopoly 纯粹垄断
Q
quantity—adjustment model 数量调整模型
quantity tax 从量税
quasi—rent 准租金
R
rate of product transformation 产品转换率
rationality 理性
reaction function 反应函数
regulation 调节,调控
relative price 相对价格
rent 租金
rent control 规模报酬
rent seeking 寻租
rent seeking economics 寻租经济学
resource 资源 resource allocation 资源配置
returns 报酬、回报
returns to scale 规模报酬
revealed preference 显示性偏好
revenue 收益
revenue curve 收益曲线
revenue function 收益函数
revenue maximization 收益极大化
ridge line 脊线
risk 风险
S
satiation 饱和,满足
saving 储蓄
scarcity 稀缺性
law of scarcity 稀缺法则
second—degree price discrimination 二级价格歧视
second derivative--阶导数
second—order condition 二阶条件
service 劳务
set 集
shadow prices 影子价格
short—run 短期
short—run cost curve 短期成本曲线
short—run equilibrium 短期均衡
short—run supply curve 短期供给曲线
shut down decision 关闭决策
shortage 短缺
shut down point 关闭点
single price monopoly 单一定价垄断
slope 斜率
social benefit 社会收益
social cost 社会成本
social indifference curve 社会无差异曲线
social preference 社会偏好
social security 社会保障
social welfare function 社会福利函数
socialism 社会主义
solution 解
space 空间
stability 稳定性
stable equilibrium 稳定的均衡
Stackelberg model 斯塔克尔贝格模型
static analysis 静态分析
stock 存量
stock market 股票市场
strategy 策略
subsidy 津贴
substitutes 替代品
substitution effect 替代效应
substitution parameter 替代参数
sufficient condition 充分条件
supply 供给
supply curve 供给曲线
supply function 供给函数
supply schedule 供给表
Sweezy model 斯威齐模型
symmetry 对称性
symmetry of information 信息对称
T
tangency 相切
taste 兴致
technical efficiency 技术效率
technological constraints 技术约束
technological progress 技术进步
technology 技术
third—degree price discrimination 第三级价格歧视
total cost 总成本
total effect 总效应
total expenditure 总支出
total fixed cost 总固定成本
total product 总产量
total revenue 总收益
total utility 总效用
total variable cost 总可变成本
traditional economy 传统经济
transitivity 传递性
transaction cost 交易费用
U
uncertainty 不确定性
uniqueness 唯一性
unit elasticity 单位弹性
unstable equilibrium 不稳定均衡
utility 效用
utility function 效用函数
utility index 效用指数
utility maximization 效用极大化
utility possibility curve 效用可能性曲线
utility possibility frontier 效用可能性前沿
V
Value 价值
value judge 价值判断
value of marginal product 边际产量价值
variable cost 可变成本
variable input 可变投入
variables 变量
vector 向量
visible hand 看得见的手
vulgur economics 庸俗经济学
W
wage 工资
wage rate 工资率
Walras general equilibrium 瓦尔拉斯总体均衡
Walras's law 瓦尔拉斯法则
Wants 需要
Welfare criterion 福利标准
Welfare economics 福利经学
Welfare loss triangle 福利损失三角形
welfare maximization 福利极大化 Z
zero cost 零成本
zero elasticity 零弹性
zero homogeneity 零阶齐次性
zero economic profit 零利润
回答:2010-02-16 22:16
第二篇:环境英文词汇翻译
IPCC:the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 政府间气候变化小组: three Working Groups reports: 三个工作小组报告 Synthesis report 综合报告 Glaciers 冰川
Precipitation 降雨
Abnormal weather tropical, subtropical and Mediterranean regions 热带、亚热带和地中海地区 cyclones 气旋,龙卷风
meteorological terms 气象词汇 submergence 淹没
coral reefs 珊瑚礁, tundra 永冻土,boreal forest 北部森林 inertia 惯性
mitigation 减缓
the Arctic region 北极地区 the Antarctic region 南极地区 ice cap 冰帽 ice sheet 冰原
mass-balance of glacier 冰川的物料平衡/量 ripple effect 波纹效应 chain effect 连锁反应 low-carbon economy 低碳经济 assessment 评估
vulnerable areas concentration, carbon dioxide 二氧化碳浓度 ppm carbon dioxide equivalent 二氧化碳当量 North Hemisphere 北半球
water scarcity, food security, epidemic 缺水、缺食、流行病 scenario 情况,情景
social check & balance 社会制约与平衡
legislation , jurisdiction and executive 立法、司法和行政 mega-delta 大三角地区,巨型三角洲地区 adapt to, adaptation frequency and severity 频率和严重性 polar areas 北极地区
on the verge of extinction 灭绝 Immune: 免疫
Reduction of emissions 减排 Interim target 中期目标 Renewable energy: 可再生能源 Geothermal:地热能
Ratify 批准
KP Kyoto Protocol 京都议定书
Carbon emissions and Efficiency benchmark:碳排放能效对标 Deforestation:滥砍滥伐
Clean coal technology 清洁煤炭技术 National capacity 国力
Rigorous 严格的
Common but differentiated responsibility:共同但有差别的责任 Coal-fired Power Plants(station)火力发电厂 Bring that „.to fruition 取得成效 Inaction:不作为
Mandatory cap: 强制性的 Forest cover 森林覆盖率
Interconnected Carbon market Deploy low-emission technology 利用低排放技术 Verifiable 可认证的 Ministerial-level 部长级 The Sign is clear 这一点很清楚 media friends 媒体的朋友: glossy paper 铜版纸 call upon 号召
water conservation benefits节水的好处
industrial water reuse and recycling工业中水利用 pollution fines 污染罚款
urban water conservation城市节水 water saving fixtures节水装置
regional economy 地区经济
diversification in port operation 港口经营多元化
perform our duties and fulfill our obligations 责任和义务 a well-known regional event of the industry 地区行业盛会 initiating ports 发起港 forest coverage森林覆盖率 global warming全球变暖 principal element主要因素 toxic emission 废气排放
ignite the sparks of understanding 迸发出心灵的火花 建立合作桥梁build the bridge for cooperation 内容翔实substantial in content 能源大省major province of energy 日程紧凑tight in schedule 严重缺水城市a city of severe water shortage 有关单位units concerned 与„比有差距compared with ,there is still some way to go 预祝„圆满成功wish a complete success 开源与节流并重broaden sources of income &reduce expenditure 对外贸易港口seaport for foreign trade 国内生产总值National Gross Products 欢聚一堂merrily gather 活跃的经济带vigorous economic region 基础雄厚solid foundation 留下最美好的印象may you have a most pleasant impression 盛世the grand occasion 祝愿在停留愉快wish a pleasant stay 综合性商港comprehensive commercial seaport 春意盎然spring is very much in the air 把„列为重要内容place as the priority 不放松工作never neglect the work 节约用水 water conservation 对„表示衷心祝贺extend our sincere congratulations on 节约用水先进城市model city of water conservation 使„取得预期效果attain the results expected 授予„光荣称号 confer honorable awards on 为„而奋斗strive for 从大局出发proceed from the whole situation 财政政策financial policy 共同繁荣common prosperity 贸易投资自由化trade and investment liberalization 日新月异progress with each passing day 知识经济knowledge economy
环保:Environmental protection 1.保护和改善生活和生态环境 protect and improve the living environment and theecological environment 2.保护珍贵动植物 protect rare animals and plants 3.普及环保知识 popularize environmental protection knowledge 4.增强环境意识 enhance the awareness of the importance of(raise the consciousness about)environmental protection 5.改善生态环境 improve the eco-environment 6.加强生态建设 improve the eco-construction 7.防治污染 prevent and control pollution 8.加强水土保持 reinforce the conservation of water and soil 9.加强城市绿化 strengthen the greening of the city 10.提高环境管理水平raise the environmental management level 11.享受国家一级保护 enjoy first-class protection of the State 12.加强环境保护 strengthen environmental protection 13.保持生态平衡 keep ecological balance 14.创造良好的生态环境 create a pleasant ecological environment 15.采用环保技术 adopt environmental protection technique 16.开展保护野生动物 advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals 17.开展绿色活动 advocate green activities 18.为大量野生动植物提供栖息地 provide habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants 19.为人类提供水和食物 supply water and food for human beings 20.非常注重保护森林 pay great attention to the conservation of forest 21.产生巨大的水文效应 produce great hydrological effects 22.引发一系列的问题 result in a series of problems 23.帮助减缓全球变暖速度 help slow down the pace of global warming 24.保留为自然耕地 reserve as natural farmland 25.提高居民的环保和生态意识 improve residents’ environmental and ecological awareness 26.进一步加快环保规划 further speed up environmental protection plans 27.完善城市基础设施建设 perfect the construction of urban infrastructure 28.促进城市可持续发展 promote the sustainable development of the city 29.符合举办奥运会的要求 meet the requirements of hosting the Olympic Games 30.扩建管道网络 expand the pipe network 31.淘汰或改造燃煤锅炉 eliminate or convert coal-burning boilers 32.禁止露天焚烧 prohibit burning out in the open 33.发展太阳能 develop solar energy 34.提高清洁能源的比重 increase the supply of clean energy resources 35.减少机动车辆 reduce the number of vehicles 36.使用清洁能源 burn clean fuel 37.实行严格的机动车排放标准 implement strict vehicle emission standards 38.关闭化工厂 close chemical plants 39.减少浪费 reduce waste 40.加大污染治理力度 strengthen pollution control 41.治理沙地和水土流失问题 tackle the problems of sand and soil erosion 42.加强珍稀野生动植物的保护工作 protect rare wild animals and plants 43.崇尚绿色生活方式 pursue a “green” life 44.使用再生纸 use recycle paper 45.参加环保运动 take part in environmental protection activities 46.坚持门前三包制度 adhere to “the three responsibilities in the gate area’ 47.参加城市重建 participate in the reconstruction of the city 48.注重节约资源 attach importance to saving resources 49.采用新的开采方法 apply new exploitation methods 50.削减污物排放 decrease the disposal of pollutants
biodegradable packaging 可降解包装
throwaway 可丢弃的 disposable 可丢弃的 discourage v.不鼓励
燃料的环保英语词汇:
non-renewable 不可再生的
fossil fuels矿石燃料: natural gas, coal, petroleum
limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源
alternative energy替代能源
replace=substitute v.取代
(wind power, hydropower水电 solar(lunar)power太阳能 nuclear power核能
radioactivity n.辐射性
use up, deplete, exhaust v.用光,耗尽
conserve v.节省,节约
consume less v.少消耗
危害动物的环保英语词汇:
poaching非法打猎,盗猎
damage natural habitat 破坏自然栖息地
rare breed稀有物种
endangered species濒危物种
extinct adj.灭绝(die out, disappear动词)
animal rights activist动物权益保护者
natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区
protect wild life保护野生动物
disastrous灾难性的, devastation破坏
have disastrous effect on„对„„有灾难性的影响
危害植物的环保英语词汇:
vegetation植被
deforestation森林消失
landslide山体滑坡
危害环境的环保英语词汇:
carbon dioxide二氧化碳
acid rain酸雨(erode腐蚀)
greenhouse effect温室效应(worsening, deteriorate, deterioration恶化)
global warming全球变暖
ecological system=ecosystem生态系统
green belt绿化带, sand storm沙尘暴,(filter v.过滤)
arouse people's awareness/consciousness of environmental protection提高公众的环保意识
全球环保类热门话题英语词汇:
21世纪议程:Agenda 21 世界环境日(6月5日):World Environment Day(June 5th each year)世界环境日主题:World Environment Day Themes 冰川消融,后果堪忧!(2007年)Melting Ice–a Hot Topic!莫使旱地变荒漠!(2006年)Deserts and Desertification–Don't Desert Drylands!营造绿色城市,呵护地球家园!(2005年)Green Cities – Plan for the Planet!海洋存亡,匹夫有责!(2004年)Wanted!Seas and Oceans – Dead or Alive!水——二十亿人生命之所系!(2003年)WaterTime to Act!拯救地球就是拯救未来!(1999年)Our EarthJust Save It!为了地球上的生命-拯救我们的海洋!(1998年)For Life on EarthDevelopment Without Destruction 为了儿童和未来--没有破坏的发展
1980 A New Challenge for the New Decade: Development Without Destruction 新的十年,新的挑战--没有破坏的发展
1981 Ground Water;Toxic Chemicals in Human Food Chains and Environmental Economics 保护地下水和人类的食物链,防治有毒化学品污染
1982 Ten Years After Stockholm(Renewal of Environmental Concerns)斯德哥尔摩人类环境会议十周年--提高环境意识
1983 Managing and Disposing Hazardous Waste: Acid Rain and Energy 管理和处置有害废弃物,防治酸雨破坏和提高能源利用率 1984 Desertification 沙漠化
1985 Youth: Population and the Environment青年、人口、环境 1986 A Tree for Peace 环境与和平
1987 Environment and Shelter: More Than A Roof 环境与居住 1988 When People Put the Environment First, Development Will Last 保护环境、持续发展、公众参与
1989 Global Warming;Global Warning警惕全球变暖 1990 Children and the Environment儿童与环境
1991 Climate Change.Need for Global Partnership气候变化--需要全球合作 1992 Only One Earth, Care and Share只有一个地球--一齐关心,共同分享 1993 Poverty and the EnvironmentSave Our Seas 为了地球上的生命--拯救我们的海洋 1999 Our EarthJust Save It!拯救地球就是拯救未来 2000 2000 The Environment Millennium行动起来吧!
2001 Connect with the World Wide Web of life世间万物 生命之网 2002 Give Earth a Chance 让地球充满生机
2003 WaterDead or Alive? 海洋存亡 匹夫有责 2005 Green Cities-Plan for the Planet!营造绿色城市,呵护地球家园
中国主题:人人参与 创建绿色家园
联合国环境与发展大会(环发大会)United Nations Conference on Environment and Development(UNCED)环发大会首脑会议 Summit Session of UNCED 联合国环境规划署 United Nations Environment Programs(UNEP)国际生物多样性日 International Biodiversity Day(29 December)世界水日 World Water Day(22 March)世界气象日 World Meteorological Day(23 March)世界海洋日 World Oceans Day(8 June)人与生物圈方案 Man and Biosphere(MAB)Programme(UNESCO)中国21世纪议程 China's Agenda 21 中国生物多样性保护行动计划 China Biological Diversity Protection Action Plan 中国跨世纪绿色工程规划 China Trans-Century Green Project Plan 生物多样性公约 Convention on Biological Diversity 防治荒漠化国际公约 Convention to Combat Desertification 气候变化框架公约 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 国家环境保护总局 State Environmental Protection Administration(SEPA)坚持环境保护基本国策 adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection 污染者负担的政策 “the-polluters-pay” policy 强化环境管理的政策 policy of tightening up environmental management 环保执法检查 environmental protection law enforcement inspection 限期治理 undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time 生态示范区 eco-demonstration region;environment-friendly region 国家级生态示范区(珠海)Nationally Designated Eco-Demonstration Region 国家级园林城市 Nationally Designated Garden City 工业固体废物 industrial solid wastes 白色污染 white pollution(by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics)可降解一次性塑料袋 throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags 放射性废料积存 accumulation of radioactive waste 有机污染物 organic pollutants 三废综合利用 multipurpose use of three types of wastes(waste water, waste gas, solid waste)
城市垃圾无害化处理率 decontamination rate of urban refuse 垃圾填埋场 refuse landfill 垃圾焚化厂 refuse incinerator 防止过度利用森林 protect forests from overexploitation 森林砍伐率 deforestation rate 水土流失 water and soil erosion 土壤盐碱化 soil alkalization 生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture;eco-agriculture 水资源保护区 water resource conservation zone 海水淡化 sea water desalinization 造林工程 afforestation project 绿化面积 afforested areas;greening space 森林覆盖率 forest coverage 防风林 wind breaks 防沙林 sand breaks 速生林 fast-growing trees 降低资源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degradation 开发可再生资源 develop renewable resources 环保产品 environment-friendly products 自然保护区 nature reserve 野生动植物 wild fauna and flora 保护生存环境 conserve natural habitats 濒危野生动物 endangered wildlife 珍稀濒危物种繁育基地 rare and endangered species breeding center 美化环境 landscaping design for environmental purposes 环境恶化 environmental degradation 温饱型农业 subsistence agriculture 空气污染浓度 air pollution concentration 酸雨、越境空气污染 acid rain and transboundary air pollution 工业粉尘排放 industrial dust discharge 烟尘排放 soot emissions 矿物燃料(煤、石油、天然气)fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas 清洁能源 clean energy 汽车尾气排放 motor vehicle exhaust 尾气净化器 exhaust purifier 无铅汽油 lead-free gasoline 天然气汽车 gas-fueled vehicles 电动汽车 cell-driven vehicles;battery cars 小排量汽车 small-displacement(engine)vehicles 温室效应 greenhouse effect 工业废水处理率 treatment rate of industrial effluents 城市污水处理率 treatment rate of domestic sewage 集中处理厂 centralized treatment plant
第三篇:品保专业英文缩写
英文縮寫------>英文全文------->中文翻譯
專有名詞解說﹕APQP(Advanced Product Quality Planning)先期產品品質規劃 PPAP(Production Part Approval Process)生產性零件承認程序
DMAIC(Define , Measur, Analyze, Improve, Control)定義, 衡量, 分析, 改善, 管制
FMEA(Failure Mode and Effects Analysis)失效模式效應分析
GR&R(Gauge repeatability & reproducibility)儀器再現性及再生性
MSA(Measurement Systems Analysis)量測系統分析
ANOVA(Analysis of Variance)變異數分析
AV(Appraisers Variation)檢驗變異
DPMO(Defects Per Million Opportunities)每百萬個機會的缺點數
PPM(Parts Per Million)每百萬不良率
DPU(Defects Per Unit)單位缺點數
DOE(Design of Experiment)實驗設計
DR(Design Review)設計審查
DVT(Design Verification Testing)設計驗證
CTQ(Critical to Quality)關鍵品質特性
CORREL(Correlation Coefficient)相關係數
KPIV(Key Process Input Variables)關鍵輸入變數
KPOV(Key Process Output Variables)關鍵輸出變數
VAR(Variance)變異數
AV(Appraisers Cariation)檢驗員變異
EV(Equipment Variation)儀器系統變異
Cpk(Process Capability)製程能力
Ca(Process Capability of Accuracy)製程能力準確度
Cp(Process Capability of Precision)製程能力精密度
Pp, Ppk(Process Performance Index)製程績效指數
STSEV(Standard Deviation)標準差
SFC(Shop Floor Control)現場監控
SOP(Standard Operation Control)標準作業程序
SPC(StatisticalProcess Control)統計製程管制
SQC(Statistical Quality Control)統計品質管制
RPN(Risk Priority Number)風險優先數
RTY(Rolled Throughout Yield)直通率
FTY(First Time Yield)初檢通過率
4M1E 人, 機, 料, 法, 環
第四篇:货运代理英文缩写翻译
Liner shipping 班轮运输,定期租船 Liner schedule 船期表 Transport service运输服务 Tariff 运价本
Tramp shipping 不定期船 Charter party 租船合同 General cargo vessel 杂货船
Roll on / roff off ship:Ro / Ro ship 滚装船 Refrigerated ship 冷藏船 Multi-propose shi p 多用途船 Dry bulk carrier 干散货船 Full container ship 全集装箱船 Coal carrier 运煤船
Bulk grain carrier 散粮船 Ore carrier 矿石船 Tanker 油轮
Liquified gas carrier 液化气船
Liquified natural gas carrier:LNG carrier 液化天然气船
Liquified petroleum gas carrier:LPG carrier 液化石油气船
Chemical tanker 液体化学品船 Packed cargo 包装货物
Unpacked cargo 或non-packed cargo 裸装货物 Unitized cargo 成组化货物
Containerized cargo 集装箱货物 General cargo 普通货物 Special cargo 特殊货物 Clean cargo 清洁货物 Fine cargo 精细货物
Fragile cargo 易碎品 Liquid cargo 液体货物 Rough cargo 粗劣货物 Smelly cargo 气味货物 Dangerous cargo 危险货物 Reefer cargo 冷藏货物 Perishable cargo 易腐货物 Valuable cargo 贵重货物
Livestock and plants 活的动植物
Bulky and lengthy cargo, heavy cargo 长大,笨重货物
M/T,metric ton 公吨
S.F,stowage factor 货物积载因素
TEU,twenty---foot equivalent unit 20ft集装箱 Dry cargo container 干货集装箱 Bulk container 散装集装箱
RF, reefer container 冷藏集装箱
OT, open---topo container 敞顶集装箱 Plat form based container 框架集装箱 Pen container 牲畜集装箱
TK, tank container 罐式集装箱 Car container 汽车集装箱 Chilled cargo 冷却货物 Frozen cargo 冷冻货物 Break bulk cargo 散件货物
FCL: full container(cargo)load 整箱货 LCL: Less Than Container Load 拼箱货 Ship’s rail or hook /tackle 船边或吊钩 CY:container yard 集装箱堆场
Empty container 空箱 Loaded container 重箱
CFS:container freight station 集装箱货运站 Door to door 门到门 Door to CY 门到场 Door to tackle 门到钩 CY to door 场到门 CY to CY 场到场 CY to CFS 场到站 CY to tackle 场到钩 CFS to door 站到门 CFS to CY 站到场 CFS to CFS 站到站 CFS to tackle 站到钩 tackle to door 钩到门 tackle to CY 钩到场 tackle to CFS 钩到站 tackle to tackle 钩到钩
Container lease agreement 租箱合同 ETC :early termination clause 提前终止条款 D.P.P:damage protection plan 损害修理条款 Ocean common carrier 远洋公共承运人
Non-vessel operating(common)carrier 无船承运人 Ocean freight forwarder 远洋货运代理人 S.C:service contact 服务合同 Shipper 托运人
liner schedule班轮船期表 Canvassion 揽货 Booking 订舱
Rail to rail 船舷至船舷 Tackle to tackle 钩至钩 Home booking 卸货地订舱 Buyer’s nominated cargo 指定货 mislanded 误卸 Overlanded 溢卸 Shortlanded 短卸 Cargo tracer 货物查询单 Duly endorsed Optional cargo 选港货 Port of discharge 卸货港 B/N: booking note 托运单 S/O: shipping order 装货单 M/R: mate’receipt 收货单 Closing date 装货单日 Chief mate 船上大副 Remark批注
Foul receipt 不清洁收货单
Clean receipt 清洁收货单 Loading list 装货清单 Additional cargo list 加载清单 Cancelled cargo list 取消载货清单 M/F: manifest 载货清单 Freight manifest 载货运费清单 Stowage plan 积载图
Dangerous cargo safe stowage certificate 危险货物安全装载书
Heavy and lengthy cargo list 重大件清单 Space report 剩余舱位报告
Stowage survey report 积载检验报告 Boat note 过驳清单
Overlanded & shortlanded cargo list 货物溢段单 Broken & damaged cargo list 货物残损单 D/O: delivery order 提货单,亦称小提单 Non-negotiable 禁止流通 D/R: dock receipt 场站收据 Shipping order 装货单
EIR:equipment interchange receipt 设备交接单 CLP: container load plan 集装箱装箱单 VOCC 远洋公共承运人 GRI 综合费率 Ocean B/L 海运提单
House B/L 仓至仓提单 MASTER B/L
NVOCC:Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier 无船承运人 Consolidated cargo 集拼货物
AMS:automated manifest system 自动舱单系统 B/L: bill of lading 提单
Evidence of the contract of carriage 海上货物运输合同的证明
Receipt for the goods shipped 装船收据 Shipment contract 装运合同 Conclusive evidence 绝对证据 Document of title 物权凭证 Long form B/L 全式提单 Short form B/L简式提单
On board B/L,shipped B/L 已装船提单 Received for shipment B/L收货待运提单 Straight B/L 记名提单
Open B/L;blank B/L;bearer B/L 不记名提单 Order B/L 指示提单 To order 凭指示
To the order of ** 凭某人指示 Clean B/L清洁提单
Unclean B/L or foul B/L 不清洁提单 Direct B/L 直达提单
Transhipment B/L or through B/L 转船提单 Combined transport B/L;intermodal transport B/L;multimodal transport B/L多式联运 Liner B/L 班轮提单
P&I Club :protection and indemnity 保赔协会 NVOCC B/L 无船承运人所签发提单 Advanced B/L 预借提单 Anti-date B/L倒签提单 Post-date B/L 顺签提单 on deck B/L 舱面货提单 omnibus B/L 并提单 separate B/L 分提单 switch B/L交换提单 memo B/L 交接提单 stale B/L 过期提单 name of the vessel 船名 name of the carrier 承运人名称 name of the shipper 托运人名称 name of the consignee 收货人名称 name of the notified party 通知人名称 port of loading装货港 port of discharge卸货港 port of transhipment
转运港
description of goods 货物名称 marks &NO.标志
number of package or container 包装件数 gross weight 重量 measurement体积
payment of freight 运费的支付 place and date of issue 提单的签发日期 number of original B(s)/L 地点和份数 place of receipt 接收货物的地点 place of delivery 交付货物的地点 paramount clause 首要条款 definition 定义条款
carrier’s responsibility 承运人责任条款 limit of liability 承运人的赔偿责任限制条款 period of responsibility 承运人期间条款 deck cargo 舱面货
live animals and plants 活动物 dangerous goods危险货物 refrigerated goods冷藏货 timber木材 iron and steel 钢铁
heavy lifts and awkward cargo 重大件 sailing date 船舶开航之日 preliminary evidence 初步证据
Special drawing right :SDR特别提款权
sea way bill :SWB海运单 freigth rate 运价 freigth 运费 tariff 运价本
scale of commodity classification 商品分级表 scale of rates 等级费率表
commodity freigth rate tariff 商品运价表 base port 基本港口 basic freigth基本运费
basic freigth rate 基本运价
surcharge or additional附加运费
bunker adjustment factor,BAF;or bunker surcharge,BS燃油附加费
emergency bunker surcharge,EBS应急燃油附加费 currency adjustment factor;CAF货币贬值附加费 port additional港口附加费
port congestion surcharge港口拥挤附加费 transshipment additional转船附加费 long length additional超长附加费 heavy lift additional超重附加费 direct additional直航附加费 optional surcharge 选港附加费 cozening fee 洗舱附加费
alteration of discharging port additional变更卸货港附加费
deviation surcharge绕航附加费
peak season surcharge,PSS旺季附加费
additional for excess of liability超额责任附加费 war risk surcharge,WRS战争险附加费 general rate increase,GRI整体费率上调
time charter,period charter定期租船 chartering process;chartering process租船程destination delivery charges,DDC目的地交货费
equipment reposition charge,ERC空调调运费 terminal handling charge ,THC码头作业费 original receving charge,ORC原产地接货费 freigth basis计费标准
FT(freight ton ,)或;W/M(weight/measurement)运费吨
minimum rate/minimum freight起码运费 box rate 包厢费率
freigtht all kinds,FAK均一费率 all in freigtht包干费 all in rate,A.I.R全包价
carriage of goods by chartering租船运输 tramp shipping 不定期船运输 charterer 船舶承租人 shipowner船东 Ship broker航运经纪人 chartering broker 租船经纪人
the Owner's broker船舶出租人经纪人 the Charter's broker船舶承租人经纪人 both partiess'broker双方当事人经纪人 warranty clause 保证条款
intermediate clause,in nominate clause中间性条款
the more or less clause,MOL数量增减条款 preliminary voyage预备航次
voyage charter,trip chaster航次租船 bareboat charter,demise charter光船租船 contract of affreightment,COA包运租船 time charter on trip basis,TCT航次期租 single trip or single voyage charter单航次租船
return trip or return voyage charter往返航次租船
consecutive single voyage charter连续单航次租船
consecutive return voyage charter连续往返航次租船
customary quick despatch,CQD习惯尽速装卸 escalation clause自动递增条款
lease purchase光船租购
quantity contract/volume contract包运租船合同,运量合同 daily charter日租租船
序
order /inquiry/enquiry询盘 general inquiry一般询盘 special inquiry特别询盘 offer发盘
absolute offer绝对发盘" conditional firm offer条件发盘 counter offer还盘 acceptance受盘
conclusion of charter party 签约 Condition Clause条件条款 name of vessel船名 named vessel指定船名 substitute vessel代替船舶 nationality of vessel船籍 classification of vessel船级 tonnage of vessel船舶吨位
第五篇:冶金翻译专业词汇
专业领域翻译词汇示例>>冶金翻译专业词汇 lographic etchant 金相腐蚀液
metallographic examination 金相研宄 metallographic microscope 金相显微镜 metallographic microscopy 金相显微学 metallostatics 金属静力学
metallothermics 金属热还原法
drawbench拔管机,拉丝机
drawplate拉模板
shaft furnace竖炉
refining furnace精炼炉
reverberatory furnace反射炉
hearth furnace床式反射炉
firebrick lining耐火砖衬
metallographic test 金相检验
metallographist 金相学家
metalloid 类金属
metalloscope 金属显微镜
metalloscopy 金属显微检查
hard steel硬钢
cast steel坩埚钢,铸钢
stainless steel不锈钢
electric steel电工钢,电炉钢 high-speed steel高速钢
moulded steel铸钢
refractory steel热强钢,耐热钢 alloy steel合金钢
compressor压缩机
tilting mixer可倾式混铁炉
regenerator蓄热室
heat exchanger热交换器
gas purifier煤气净化器
turbocompressor涡轮压缩机 burner烧嘴
cupola化铁炉,冲天炉
emptier排空装置
trough铁水沟,排渣沟
ferronickel镍铁
elinvar镍铬恒弹性钢
ferrite铁氧体,铁醇盐
cementite渗碳体,碳化铁
pearlite珠光体
charging, loading装料,炉料 fusion, melting, smelting熔炼
remelting再熔化,重熔 refining精炼
casting出铁
to cast出铁
tapping出渣,出钢,出铁
midland ross process 米德兰德 罗斯法 midrex process 米德雷斯直接炼铁法 mig welding 金属惰性气体电弧焊 mild steel sheet 低碳钢薄板
mill approach table 轧机前的辊道 mill hardening 轧制余热淬火 mill housing 轧机机架
mill layout 轧机布置
mill opening 轧辊开度
mill pack 叠轧板材
mill pinion 齿轮辊mill scalecoking plant 炼焦厂
electrometallurgy 电冶金学
powder metallurgy粉末冶金学 blast furnace鼓风炉
tilting mixer 可倾式混铁炉 regenerator 蓄热室
heat exchanger 热交换器
gas purifier煤气净化器
turbocompressor涡轮压缩机