第一篇:英语现在进行时的否定句
现在进行时的否定句,一般在am, is, are后面加上not就可以了。
I am not watching football matches.我现在没在看足球比赛。
Liming isn't running on the playground.李明没在操场上跑步。
We aren't studying English on computer.我们现在没在电脑上学习英语。
注意:
1.在am is are 后面加 not
2.注意缩写形式
4.一般疑问句及回答
1)Are you reading English now?
Yes, I am./ No, I am not.Yes, we aren't./ No, they don't.2)Are the workers building a bridge?
Yes, they are./ No, they aren't.3)Is the girl singing a song next room?
Yes, she is./ No, she isn't.5.特殊疑问句:
1)Where is the girl singing a song?
→ The girl is singing a song next room.2)What is she buying?
→ She is buying a hat.3)What are they doing?
→ They are making a birthday cake.四、一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或状态。常和tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year/week/month, in two weeks, some day等等。
构成:主语 + will(shall)+ 动词原形(do)(do 来表示动词原形)
ⅰ.一般将来时态的肯定式:
1.I will come next week.我下周来。
2.We will go to the Great wall next Sunday.下周日我们将要去长城。
3.They will help me study English tomorrow.他们明天将要帮助我学英语。
4.He will visit his grandmother in a week.一周后他将要拜访(探望)他的奶奶。
5.Susan will buy a new bike.Susan将要买一辆新自行车。
注意:
将来时中,shall 只用于第一人称,即I shall, we shall。
I shall come next week.我下周来。
We shall go to the Great wall next Sunday.下周日我们将要去长城。
注意: 在当代英语里,不管什么人称,都可用 will,而shall用于第一人称中。
主语 + will 的常用缩写形式:
I will = I'll [ail] 我将要
We will = We'll [wi:l]
You will = You'll [ju:l]
They will = They'll He will = He'll She will = She'll It will = It'll 看下面的句子: 1.I'll come next week.2.We'll go to the Great wall next Sunday.3.They'll help me study English tomorrow.4.He'll visit his grandmother in a week.ⅱ.一般将来时态的否定式:
先看例子,你能说出它们是什么句子吗?
1.We will not have lessons tomorrow.明天我们没有课。2.These birds will not fly to the south in winter.冬天这些鸟将不会飞到南方去。
3.They students will not play football next Sunday.学生们下周日不踢足球。
4.My father will not go to work the day after tomorrow.我爸爸后天不上班。
很明显,上述句子为一般将来时的否定句。注意缩写形式:will not = won't.1.We won't have lessons tomorrow.2.These birds won't fly to the south in winter.3.The students won't play football next Sunday.4.My father won't go to work the day after tomorrow.这就是一般将来时的否定句,只需在will 后加not,或写成缩写形式won't。ⅲ.一般将来时态的一般疑问式:
1.Will you finish this work tomorrow? 明天你能完成这项工作吗? 2.Will they have lessons next week? 下周他们有课吗?
3.Will she come to my birthday party tomorrow? 她明天会来我的生日宴会吗? 4.Will Mr.Wang teach us English next year? 王老师明年会教我们英语吗? 一般疑问句的肯定和否定回答:
1.Will you finish this work tomorrow? Yes, I will./ No, I won't.2.Will they have lessons next week? Yes, they will./ No, they won't.3.Will she come to my birthday party tomorrow? Yes, she will./ No, she won't.4.Will Mr.Wang teach us English next year? Yes, he will./ No, he won't.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
where 在哪里,when 什么时候,what 什么,how many 多少,why 为什么 注意,how many 后跟可数名词的复数形式。
特殊疑问句:(where, when, what, how many, why)1.How many eggs will you cook? 你要煮几个鸡蛋? I will cook seven eggs.我会煮七个鸡蛋。
2.When will she buy a new car? 她什么时候买新车?
She will buy a new car next year.他明年买新车。
3.Why will you go to Qingdao? 你为什么去青岛了?
Because it's cool and interesting.因为那里凉爽且有趣。
4.Where will your parents go next winter? 明年冬天你父母会去哪里?
They will go to Hainan.他们会去海南。
一般将来时的特殊疑问句的构成:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。
问where 回答用地点,问 when回答用时间;问how many回答用数字;问why回答用 because +句子。
其他表示未来情况的方法:
主语+ be(am, is, are)going to + 动词原形,表示打算干某事或即将要发生某事,例如:
1.I am going to go to a movie next Sunday.(=I am going to see a movie next Sunday.)
下周日我打算去看电影。
2.My brother is going to travel in Australia.我弟弟将要去澳大利亚旅游。
3.The students are going to play football tomorrow.明天学生们要去踢足球。
4.They are going to meet in the park.他们决定在公园碰面。
如果要将以上句子变否定句,只需在am, is, are后面加上not即可。
1.The students aren't going to play football tomorrow.2.I am not going to go to a movie next Sunday.3.Mr.Wang isn't going to teach us English next term.下学期王老师不教我们英语了。
如果要将以上句子变一般疑问句也只需把 am, is, are放在句子最前面,注意人称的变换。
1.Are you going to see him next week? 下周你会去看他吗?
Yes, I am./ No, I am not.2.Is he going to go to a movie with us tomorrow? 明天他会和我们一起去看电影吗?
Yes, he is./ No, he isn't.3.Are they going to climb the hill?
Yes, they are./ No, they aren't.be going to的特殊疑问式:
1.Where are you going to plant trees next year?
明年你打算在哪儿种树?
2.When is he going to buy a new car?
他准备什么时候买辆新汽车?
He is going to buy a new next week.Ⅲ.Revision
现在我们总结一下一般将来时态:
ⅰ.主语 + will(shall)+ 动词原形(do)
1.I will come next week.我下周来。
I'll come next week.2.We'll go to the Great Wall next Sunday.下周日我们去长城。
3.They'll help me study English tomorrow.他们明天要帮助我学英语。
4.He'll visit his grandmother in a week.一周后他将要拜访(探望)他的奶奶。
ⅱ.一般将来时的否定式:
1.We won't have lessons tomorrow.明天我们没课。
2.These birds won't fly to the south in winter.这些鸟冬天不会飞到南方去。
3.The students won't play football next Sunday.学生们下周日不踢足球。
4.My father won't go to work the day after tomorrow.我爸爸后天不上班。
ⅲ.一般将来时的一般疑问式及其回答:
1.Will you finish this work tomorrow? 明天你能完成这项工作吗?
Yes, I will./ No, I won't.2.Will they have lessons next week? 下周他们将有课吗?
Yes , they will / No, they won't
3.Will she come to my birthday party tomorrow?
她明天会来我的生日宴会吗?
Yes, she will./ No, she won't
4.Will Mr.Wang teach us English next year?
王老师明年会教我们英语吗?
Yes , he will / No, he won't
ⅳ.一般将来时的特殊疑问式:
1.How many eggs will you cook? 你要煮多少鸡蛋?
I will cook seven eggs.我要煮七个鸡蛋。
2.When will she buy a new car? 她什么时候买新车?
She will buy a new car next year.明年她将买新车。
3.Why will you go to Qingdao? 你为什么去青岛?
Because it's cool and interesting.因为那里凉爽且有趣。
4.Where will your parents go next winter? 你父母明年将要去哪里?
They will go to Hainan.他们将去海南。
ⅴ.其他表示未来情况的方法:be going to
主语 + be(am, is, are)going to + 动词原形,表示打算干某事或即将要发生某事。be 动词随主语人称的变化而变化。
Ⅳ.Dialogue(对话):
1.A:Thank you.B:-It's my pleasure./That's all right./Not at all.不用谢。(十分高兴为你效劳/不用谢/没关系)
3.A:Yes./OK./Of course.What is it?
可以,是什么问题?
4.A:Yes, of course./OK./Sure./Certainly.可以,当然了。
-I am afraid you can't./ You'd better not.(否定回答)
恐怕你不能离开。/你最好别离开。
Ⅰ.复习
1.一般将来时:表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或状态(打算、计划要做的事)。
常用的将来时间状语:tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year /week/month/,in two weeks, some day 等.2.句型:
主语 + will(shall)+ 动词原形(do)(do 来表示动词原形)
肯定句:
(1)We will go to the Great Wall next Sunday.下周日我们将要去长城。
(2)They will help me study English tomorrow.他们明天将要帮助我学英语。
(3)He will visit his grandmother in a week.一周后他将要拜访(探望)他的奶奶。
(4)Susan will buy a new bike.Susan将要买一辆新自行车。
will 可用于各种人称。
主语+will的常用缩写形式:
I will = I'll 我将要
We will = We'll 我们将要
You will = You'll 你将要
They will = They'll
It will = It'll
例句:
(1)I will come next week.我下周来。
I'll come next week.(2)We will go to the Great Wall next Sunday.下周日我们将要去长城。
We'll go to the Great Wall next Sunday.(3)They will help me study English tomorrow.他们明天将要帮助我学英语。
They'll help me study English tomorrow.(4)He will visit his grandmother in a week.一周后他将要拜访(探望)他的奶奶。
He'll visit his grandmother in a week.否定句:will not = won't
(1)We won't have lessons tomorrow.明天我们将没有课。
(2)These birds won't fly to the South in winter.冬天这些鸟将不会飞到南方去。
(3)The students won't play football next Sunday.学生们下周日不踢足球。
(4)My father won't go to work the day after tomorrow.我爸爸后天将不上班。一般疑问句:把will 放在句首
(1)Will you finish this work tomorrow? 明天你能完成这项工作吗? Yes, I will./ No, I won't.(2)Will they have lessons next week? 下周他们将有课吗? Yes, they will./ No, they won't.(3)Will she come to my birthday party tomorrow? 她明天将来我的生日宴会吗?
Yes, she will./ No, she won't.(4)Will Mr.Wang teach us English next year? 王老师明年将教我们英语吗? Yes, he will./ No, he won't.特殊疑问句:(where, when, what, how many, why)(1)How many eggs will you cook? I will cook seven eggs.(2)When will she buy a new car? I will buy a new car next year.(3)Why will you go to Qingdao? Because it's cool and interesting.(4)Where will your parents go next winter? They will go to Hainan.构成:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 where--地点 when--时间 how many--数字 why--because +句子 另外一种表示方法:
主语+be(am/is/are)going to + 动词原形,例如:
(1)I am going to go to a movie next Sunday.下周日我打算去看电影。(2)My brother is going to travel in Australia.我弟弟将要去澳大利亚旅游。
(3)They are going to meet in the park.他们决定在公园碰面。变否定句只需在 am/is/are 后面加上not(1)The students aren't going to play football tomorrow.明天学生们不会去踢足球。
(2)I am not going to go to a movie next Sunday.下周日我不打算去看电影。
(3)Mr.Wang isn't going to teach us English next term.下学期王老师不教我们英语了。
变一般疑问句只需把 am/is/are 放在句子最前面,注意变换他们的人称。(1)Are you going to see him next week? Yes, I am./ No, I am not.(2)Is he going to go to a movie with us tomorrow?
Yes, he is./ No, he isn't.(3)Are they going to climb the hill?
Yes, they are./ No, they aren't.特殊疑问句:
(1)Where are you going to plant trees next year?
明年你打算在哪儿种树?
I am going to plant trees on a hill.(2)When is he going to buy a new car?
他准备什么时候买辆新汽车?
He is going to buy a new car next year.五、一般过去时
一般过去时就是过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态,它一般和表示过去的状语连用,如: yesterday(昨天)last week/ month /year/night / term/(上周、上个月、去年、昨天晚上、上学期)ago(以前)in 1996(在1996年)a moment ago(刚才)just now(刚才)
过去:
I was busy yesterday.我昨天很忙。
She was happy last night.她昨天晚上很高兴。
The boys were in the park just now.这些男孩儿刚才在公园里。
上面的am → was is → was are → were
这就是be 动词的一般过去时。
在一般过去时里:
I → was
he/she /it /名词的单数形式 → was
we/you(你、你们)/they(他们)/名词的复数形式 → were 例句:
(1)I was late for school yesterday.昨天我上学迟到了。(2)She was happy last night.她昨天晚上很高兴。
(3)The boys were in the park just now.这些男孩儿刚才在公园里。否定句:
(1)I was not late for school yesterday.昨天我上学没迟到。(2)He was not at home last night.他昨晚上不在家。
(3)They were not in America last summer.去年夏天他们不在美国。
缩写形式: was not = wasn't
were not = weren't 一般疑问句:
(1)Was it snowing yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午下雪了吗? No, it wasn't.Yes, it was.(2)Were the children happy at the party last night? 昨天晚上孩子们在宴会上快乐吗?
Yes, they were./ No, they weren't.(3)Were you late for work this morning? 今天早上你上班迟到了吗? Yes, I was./ No, I wasn't.特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
例句:
(1)Where were you yesterday morning? 昨天上午你在哪里?
I was in the library.我在图书馆。
(2)Why was Mary late for meeting yesterday?
为什么昨天玛丽开会迟到了?
Because she was ill.分析下列句子属于什么时态:
(1)We watched TV for two hours last night.昨天晚上我们看了两个小时的电视。
(2)He cleaned the classroom after school yesterday afternoon.昨天下午放学他打扫了教室。
(3)John studied Chinese in Yuying Middle School in 1999.John 1999年在育英中学学中文。
(4)My parents went to the Forbidden City last Sunday.上周日我父母去了紫禁城。
动词过去式的构成规则:
(1)一般在动词词尾加ed
work → worked
help → helped
watch → watched
(2)以e 结尾的动词后加d
live → lived
like → liked
decide → decided hope→ hoped
(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词将 y变i再加ed
study → studied carry → carried
try → tried
cry → cried
以元音字母加y结尾的动词加ed
play → played
(4)以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,双写最后一个辅音字母加ed
stop → stopped drop → dropped
fit → fitted
(5)不规则动词
go → went
see → saw
make → made
buy → bought
have → had
do → did
get → got
build → built
ⅰ.一般过去时的肯定式:
He cleaned the classroom after school yesterday afternoon.昨天下午放学后他打扫了教室。
John studied Chinese in Yuying Middle School in 1999.John 1999年在育英中学学中文。
My parents went to the Forbidden City last Sunday.上周日我父母去了紫禁城。
ⅱ.一般过去时的否定式:
句中无be动词时,怎样变成否定句呢?我们借助 did(就是do的过去式)后加上not 就可以了,也可以直接写成它的缩写形式didn't。例如:
1.My parents didn't go to the Forbidden City last Sunday.上周日我父母没有去紫禁城。
2.They didn't carry two boxes to the factory yesterday.昨天他们没有把两只箱子搬运到工厂。
3.We didn't watch TV last night.昨天晚上我们没有看电视。
4.He didn't eat lunch at home yesterday.昨天他没在家吃午饭。
这就是一般过去时的否定句,在主语后加上didn't 变成否定句后,他们的谓语动词要还原成动词原形;didn't 可用在任何人称的后面,不随主语变化而变化。
ⅲ.一般过去时的一般疑问式:
变成一般疑问句时,也需要借助did,即将did提前,谓语动词用原形。例如:
1.She watched TV for two hours last night.→Did she watch TV for two hours last night?
Yes, she did./ No, she didn't.2.He ate lunch at home yesterday.→Did he eat lunch at home yesterday?
Yes, she did./ No, she didn't.3.My mother cooked noodles last Sunday.→Did your mother cook noodles last Sunday?
Yes, she did./ No, she didn't.4.They lived in Beijing in 1996.→Did they live in Beijing in 1996?
Yes, she did./ No, she didn't.ⅳ.一般过去时的特殊疑问式:
1.Where did you go yesterday? 昨天你去哪儿了?
I went to Summer Palace.我去颐和园。
2.How many subjects did they study last term?
上学期他们学习了几门课?
They studied seven subjects.他们学习了七门课。
3.Where did John study Chinese in 1999?
John 1999年在哪儿学中文的?
He studied Chinese in Yuying Middle School in 1999.他于1999年在育英中学学习中文。
4.What did you do last night? 昨天晚上你们干什么呢?
We listened to English songs last night.我们昨晚听了英语歌曲。
日常用语:
1.- Would you mind opening the window?
您介意打开窗户吗?
- Not at all!没关系!
- Of course not!当然不介意!
- I am afraid it's cold now.我担心会冷吧。
第二篇:英语现在进行时习题及答案
英语现在进行时习题及答案
知识点
一:现在进行时是由系动词 be + 动词现在分词构成: 肯定式 基本结构: I am working.You are working.He(she)is working.We(you ,they)are working.否定式
I am not working.You are not working.He(she)is not working.We(you ,they)are not working.疑问式
Am I working? Are you working? Is he(she)working? Are we(you,they)working? 二:现在分词的构成,是在动词原形上加-ing, 但是应该注意:
1、动词以单个e 结尾 去掉e, 加 ing Love _lovingArgue _ arguing 动词以-ee结尾 直接加 ing Agree_ agreeingSee _ seeing
2、动词为单音节:以单一元音字母 + 单一辅音字母结尾 辅音字母双写,再加 ing Hit _ hittingRun _runningStop _ stopping
3、动词为双音节或者多音节:最后一个音节为重读音节,以单一元音字母 + 单一辅音字母结尾 辅音字母双写,再加 ing Be‟gin be‟ginningAd‟mit ad‟mitting
4、以 y 结尾的动词 直接加 ing Carry carryingEnjoy enjoying 三:其他
1、有些动词是表示一种状态而不是动作,一般不用于进行时。
例如,我们一般不说 I am knowing, 而说 I know.常见的这类动词有:want like hate know see hear believe understand seem think(相信)suppose remember need love realize mean forget prefer have(拥有)belong
2、在不少情况下,表示正在进行的动作的汉语句子,并没有“正在”这样的字,在译为英语时却必须用进行时态:
whenever i see her,she is working in the garden。我每次看到她时,她总是在花园里干活。
3、在一般现在时所列的表示状态和感觉的动词,一般不能用于进行时态,因为他们不能表示正在进行的动作。但如果词义转变,能表示一个正在进行的动作,就能够用于进行时态,试比较下面的句子:
do you see anyone over there?你看到那里有什么人吗? are you seeing someone off?你在给谁送行吗? i hear someone singing。我听见有人唱歌。
they are hearing an english talk?他们在听一个英语报告。
4、另外,表示无法持续动作的动词,一般不宜用于进行时态,但有些可以用于这个时态表示重复、即将等:
he is jumping up and down。她一上一下地跳着。the train is arriving。火车就要进站了。the old man is dying。老头病危了。
5、现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安安排要进行的动作(这是多有一个表示未来时间的状语):
we are leaving on friday。
are you going anywhere tomorrow?
a foreign guest is giving a lecture in english this afternoon。xiao hong!coming。
who is interpreting for you?
we are having a holiday next monday。
但这仅限于少量动词,如go,come,leave,start,arrive,lunch,return,dine,work,sleep,stay,play,do,have,wear等。
6、另外,“be going+不定式”这个结构经常用来表示即将发生的事或打算(准备)做的事:
i am afraid it is going to rain。
it is going to be rather cold tomorrow。she is not going to speak at the meeting。
在这个结构中过去有许多人不赞成用go和come这两个动词,感到很别扭,主张不说are you going to go anywhere tomorrow?而说are you going anywhere tomorrow?不说is she going to come?而说is she coming?但现在在这种结构中用两个动词的人越来越多,这种用法基本上被大家接受了。
7、此外,在时间和条件状语从句中,间或也可用现在进行时表示将来的情况或一般情况:
do not mention this when you are talking with him。
remember that when you are taking a rest,some else is always working。if she is still sleeping,do not wake her up。
8、注:在there和here引起的句子中,常可用一般现在时代替现在进行时: here comes the bus。(=the bus is coming.)there goes the bell.(=the bell is ringing.)习题及答案
一、写出下例动词的现在分词形式 1)give____
2)use____ 3)move____ 4)skate____
5)draw____
6)tell____
7)ring____
8)wear____
9)get____
10)put____
11)hit____ 12)stop____ 13)keep____
14)hurt____
15)know____
16)lie____
17)die____18)begin____ 19)forget____
20)save____
21)close____
22)see____
23)carry____
二、用现在进行时连写句子
1)Li Ping;learn;to;speak;English;
2)it;rain;now
3)they;watch;a football match;on TV
4)he;look;out of the window;
5)look;the dog;sleep;
6)listen;the baby;cry;
7)they;have a meeting;at seven o'clock
8)the students;prepare for;an English test;now;
三、将下例句子改成一般疑问句 1)Mike is climbing the hill。
2)We are having an English lesson now。
3)Li Ping is jumping like a monkey。
4)The students are reading the text now。
5)I am studying English。6)He is closing the window。
四、对划线部分提问
1)The baby is listening to the music。
2)I am looking for a jacket for my son。
3)She is smiling to herself in the mirror。
4)The boys are visiting the history museum。
5)The old man is sleeping right now。
6)The children are listening to the teacher of English。
7)The cats are running up the trees。
五、将下例句子改成否定句
1)The woman is making a cake in the kitchen。
2)We are having lunch now。
3)The boy is waiting for his mother under the big tree。
4)You are playing the violin。
5)Mary is doing her best to study English well。
6)The students are doing their homework now。
7)Please open the door。
六、用动词的正确时态填空
1)I________(talk).You________(listen)to me now.2)Look ,the boy__________(run)fast.3)----What are you doing?----I_________(do)my homework.4)----_______the students_______(read)English.----Yes ,they are.5)Tom_______(not study)English.He is studying Chinese.6)----Who_______(sing)a song?----Li Ying is.7)The girl_______(not eat)bananas now.8)----Where_ ___they____(stand)?----They are standing over there.9)Look!The boy over there_______(ply)a model plane.10)----What is Meimei doing now?----She______(watch)TV with her parents 11)He____(study)English very hard.12)We often____(buy)books and things like that in the shop.13)Polly____(not eat)a banana now.七、单项选择
1)Jack is_____with Jim.They are good____.A:running;friend;B:running;friends;C:runing;friends D:run;friend's 2)Look!Mary____doing____homework.A:is;one's B:is;her C:are;his D:are;her 3)The Greens____supper now.A:is having B:are;having C:is haveing D:are;having 4)The children are____TV.A:watch B:seeing C:watching D:reading 5)Are the boys looking at the blackboard? Yes,they____.A:aren't B:do C:don't D:are 6)There's____girl,she is very tall.A:second B:two C:a second D:all second 7)--Do you have a red pen?Which of the following is wrong?--____.A:Yes;I have one B:Yes,I have it C:Yes,I do D:Sorry,I don't 8)--Excuse me.May I borrow a pen,please?--____.A:It doesn't matter;B:Thank you;C:Certainly,here you are;D:Not at all.9)The boy is late for class.So he says tO the teacher,“________”.A:I'm sorry B:Excuse me,May I come in? C:Let me in, D:I don't want to be late.10)I don't want a red apple.I want____.A:green apple B:a green C:a green one D:one green
八、根据汉语意思完成下例句子 1)把你的自行车借我用一下好吗? May I____your bike,____? 2)我们正在做第一课的练习。
We____ ____the exercises oF the____lesson.3)李先生是我的英语启蒙老师。Mr Li is my_____ _____teacher.4)你有支黑的吗?
Do you have a _____ _____? 5)对不起我来晚了
I'm____that I came____here?
一、答案:
1、giving;
2、esing;
3、moving;
4、skating;
5、drawing;
6、telling;
7、ringing;
8、wearing;
9、getting;
10、putting;
11、hitting;
12、stopping;
13、keeping;
14、hurting;
15、knowing;
16、lying;
17、dying;
18、beginning;
19、forgetting;20、saving;
21、closing;
22、seeing;
23、carrying。
二、_1__答案:Li Ping is learning to speak English。_2__答案:It is raining now。
_3__答案:They are watching a football match on TV。_4 _答案:He is looking out of the window。_5__答案:Look!The dog is sleep。_6__答案:Listen!The baby is crying。
_7__答案:They are having a meeting at seven o‟clock。_8___答案:The students are preparing for English test now
三、__1__答案:Is Mike climbing the hill?
_2___答案:Are we having an English lesson now? __3__答案:Is Li Ping jumping like a monkey? __4__答案:Are the students reading the text now? __5___答案:Is he closing the window? __6__答案:Are you studying English?
四、_1__答案:Li Ping is learning to speak English。__2_答案:It is raining now。
_3__答案:They are watching a football match on TV。_4__答案:He is looking out of the window。_5__答案:Look!The dog is sleep。_6__答案:Listen!The baby is crying。
_7__答案:They are having a meeting at seven o‟clock。
五、_1___答案:The students are preparing for English test now __2__答案:Is Mike climbing the hill?
_3___答案:Are we having an English lesson now? _4___答案:Is Li Ping jumping like a monkey? __5__答案:Are the students reading the text now? _6___答案:Is he closing the window? _7___答案:Are you studying English?
六、答案:
1、am;talking;are listening;
2、are running;
3、am doing;
4、Are;reading;
5、is not studying;
6、is singing;
7、isn„t eating;
8、Are standing;
9、is plying;
10、is watching;
11、studies;
12、buy;
13、is not eating。
七、答案:
1、B;
2、B;
3、D;
4、C;
5、D;
6、C;a second 不定冠词+序数词表示“又一”;
7、B;因为a red pen是指,而it是特指。
8、C;
9、B;打搅对方的道歉语;
10、C。
八、答案:
1、borrow;please;
2、are ;doing;first;
3、first;English;
4、black;one;
5、sorry/afraid;late
第三篇:英语时态----现在进行时
英语时态之现在进行时
现在进行时
现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是“现在”,动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。所谓“正在进行中”,是指在谈到这件事的时候,这个动作还在进行中。至于它是什么时候开始的,什么时候会停下来,不是我们关心的。所以“正在进行时”的事件,可能发生几年了,也可能只有几分钟。仍在进行中这是“正在进行时”的关键所在。它是一件持续进行的事情。
定义
现在进行时表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。所谓“正在进行中”,是指在谈到这件事的时候,这个动作还在进行中。
现在进行时的构成
现在进行时的构成是:主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式
第一人称单数I+am+V-ing.第一人称复数We+are+V-ing.第二人称单(复)数 You+are+V-ing
第三人称单数 He(She,it)+is+V-ing
第三人称复数 They+are+V-ing
肯定句:主语+be(is/am/are)+现在分词
否定句:主语+be(is/am/are)+not+现在分词
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一般疑问句:be(is/am/are)+主语+现在分词
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+相应be动词+主语+现在分词+Sth?
间接引语中改为过去进行时。
变化规则
1.直接+ ing(例:sleep+ing sleeping)
2.去掉不发音的e+ing(例:bite-e+ing biting)
3.重读闭音节,以辅音字母加元音字母加辅音字母结尾的词,要双写尾字母再加ing(例:swim+m+ing=swimming)
4.以ie结尾的重读闭音节,变ie为y+ing(例:die-dying lie-lying)
5结尾为c且c读作/k/时,在结尾加k再加ing,如picnic-picnicking
现在进行时的基本用法:
A表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。
例:We are waiting for you.B.表示现阶段正在进行的动作,说话时未必正在进行。
例:Mr.Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)
例:She is learning piano under Mr.Smith.C.已经确定或安排好的但不确定会不会发生的将来活动。
I'm leaving for a travel in Nepal next week.(我下周要去尼泊尔旅行)
We're flying to Paris tomorrow(我们明天乘飞机去巴黎)
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句型构成
现在进行时
助动词be+动词的现在分词(ing形式)。
be的变化
在现在时中,be 要根据人称代词和名词的单复数不同,而分别使用am/is/are,即:I am/he/she/it 包括单数名词和不可数名词用is,you/we/they 包括复数名词用are.现在进行时
注意:be 动词在现在时里算作“助动词”,翻译正在进行时的时候,be不能解释为“是”,否则不通顺。它只是和现在分词一起构成“进行时”。
动词加ing的规则
现在分词是在动词后加上ing 构成。如:starting,working, coming, sitting 等都是现在分词。现在分词的变化规则是固定的,大家用心记一下就可以了。
(1)直接在谓语动词后加ing.例如:going, starting, working,looking,playing.(2)去掉词尾不发音的e,再加ing.例如 leaving,making,coming,writing.注意:如果单词结尾的e发音,则不能去掉,也直接加ing.例如:see-seeing/agreelying/dietying/picnicrunning stopcutting controlputting 时间状语
可用来表示现在进行时的时间状语,常用的有:now, this week, at this moment,right now 等;或者告诉你一个准确的现在时间,或者用look, listen提醒听者注意正在发生的事。例如:
They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。
Listen!She is singing an English song.听,她正在唱英语歌。
Look at the picture.The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图。那些孩子正在公园放风筝。
We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。
It's 6:30 now.I am getting up.现在是6:30.我正在起床。
句型分析
1.一般疑问句是将be移到主语前面,句末加问号,读升调。
be+主语+doing sth
Are they putting up the scaffolding? Yes, they are./ No, they aren't.Is he showing a foreign guest round the city? Yes, he is./ No, he isn't.2.否定句式是在be动词后加not.主语+be+not+doing sth
I am not working.He isn't runnig or the track.The students aren't playing football.4 / 13
使用场合
1.当句中出现的表示时间的词是now, at the moment(此刻、现在)等时,表示句子要说明的是现在正在发生的事,动词应用现在进行时。
Linda's brother is watching TV in his bedroom now.琳达的哥哥现在正在他的卧室里看电视。
We're far from home.What are our parents doing at the moment?
我们现在远离家,我们的父母此刻在干什么呢?
2.当句中出现的时间状语是these days, this week, this month等时,如果句子所要表达的意义是在这一阶段正在发生的事,则动词应用现在进行时。
These days we are helping the farmers work on the farm.这些天我们在农场帮农民们干活。
They're having a test this week.这一周他们在进行一次考试。
Mr Cheng is visiting our village this month.这个月程先生在我们村访问。
3.在句中出现了Look, Listen, Can't you see? 等暗示词时,说明后面谓语动词的动作正在发生,该动词应用现在进行时。
Look!Maria and Tom are dancing under the tree.看!玛丽亚和汤姆正在树下跳舞。
Listen!Our English teacher is singing the popular English song.听!我们英语老师正在唱那首流行的英文歌曲。
Many children are swimming in the river.Can't you see?
许多小孩在河里游泳,你难道看不见吗?
4.注意根据上下文的暗示,句子的谓语动词可能应用现在进行时。
— Where is Mr Wang? 王先生在哪儿?
— Oh, he is reading a newspaper in the office.噢,他正在办公室看报。
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(问句询问王先生在哪儿,应说明他现在在哪儿,故答句应说明他现在正在做的事,用现在进行时。)
—Is that boy Jack?那个男孩是杰克吗?
— No,Jack is doing his homework in the classroom.不是,杰克正在教室做作业呢。
(答句中说明的杰克做作业的情况应发生在现在,应用现在进行时。)
注意事项
1.在英语中,并不是所有的动词都要使用正在进行时。例如一些表示状态和感觉的动词,一般不用进行时态,而是用现在一般时表示。例如:
I hear someone singing.我正听见有人唱歌。
Do you see anyone over there? 你看到那里有什么人吗?
What does he think of it? 他觉得这怎么样?
如果这些词使用正在进行时态,句子带有某种感情色彩。例如:
Are you seeing someone off? 你在给谁送行吗?
They are hearing an English talk.他们在听一个英语报告。
2.现在进行时还有另外一种含义,即它们能表达即将发生的事情,相当于一般将来时。能够用来表示将来状况的动词有:arrive, come, do, get, go, have, leave, meet, play, return, see, spend, start, stay, wear, work等。
We are leaving on Friday。我们星期五出发。
Are you going anywhere tomorrow?你明天准备去哪儿?
A foreign guest is giving a lecture this afternoon。今天下午一个外国客人将给我们作报告。
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Are you staying here till next week? 你打算在这里呆到下个星期吗?
在表示将来的情况下,特别是be going to do sth.这种结构,已经没有多少“去”的意思了,几乎就是用来表达“将要、打算”做什么事情。例如:
It is going to be rather cold tomorrow。明天很可能非常冷。
She is not going to speak at the meeting。她不打算在那个会上发言。
3.当其与always、forever、continually、constantly 等副词连用时表示重复的动作,而这种动作可能使人不满,厌倦或满意。例如:
①She is perpetually interfering in my affairs.她老是干预我的事。(不满)
②The students are making progress constantly.学生们在不断进步。(满意)
现在进行时的标志有很多,如:listen,look,now,these days,Be quiet!/Don't talk等等。
特殊用法
现在进行时与短暂性动词搭配使用时可表示将来的时态。例如:
The bus is coming.公交车来了。
Lily is leaving tonight, we would better send her off.莉莉今晚要走了,我们最好去送送她。
特殊情况
1.有些动词从结构来看是现在进行时,但却是表示将要发生的事,而不表示动作现在正在进行。这些动词往往是一些表示位置移动变化的动词,如:go , come , leave , fly , move, start, begin , arrive, , stay, return等。
Next month my family is moving to Beijing.7 / 13
下个月,我家就要搬到北京去了。(搬的动作并非现在发生,而将在下个月发生。)
My aunt is leaving for Shanghai at eleven o'clock tomorrow morning.明天早上十一点我婶婶将离开去上海。
2.并不是所有动词都有进行时,一些动词一般在句中不能用现在进行时态,而应用一般现在时。这些动词往往是等表示情感状态、知觉认识、愿望或短暂性的动词。例如:see(明白),know, want, like, hear, have(有), think, hope, hate等。
3.在时间、条件状语从句中,有时可用现在进行时代替一般将来时。
When you are passing my way,please drop in.你什么时候路过我家,请进来坐。
被动语态
现在进行时
现在进行时由主动语态变被动语态时应注意以下一些问题:
1.也像其它时态由主动语态变被动语态一样,首先弄清楚用现在进行时的句子中哪些可以由主动语态变为被动语态。我们知道,在简单句的五个基本句型中,有三个基本句型(S V O,S V o O,S V O C)可以由主动语态变为被动语态;有两个基本句型(S V,S V P)不能由主动语态变为被动语态。所以,当这三个基本句型(S V O,S V InO DO,S V O OC)的谓语动词用了现在进行时时才有可能由主动语态变为被动语态。例如:
They are studying the milu deer at the research centre.(S V O)→ The milu deer are being studied at the research centre.She is teaching the boy a lesson.(S V InO DO)→ The boy is being taught a lesson.Now he is making the girl laugh.(S V O OC)→ Now the girl is being made to laugh.8 / 13
还应注意到一些动词很少用于被动语态,因此这些动词在句子谓语用了现在进行时时也常没有被动语态。如:We are having supper now.一般不能变为Supper is being had now.。
2.及物动词现在进行时由主动语态变被动语态时有三种句式:①主语(第一人称单数I)am being 过去分词 其他成分;②主语(第二人称单、复数you,第一人称复数we和第三人称复数they等)are being 过去分词 其他成分;③主语(第三人称单数 he,she,it等)is being 过去分词 其他成分。所以,当句子谓语动词用了现在进行时由主动语态变被动语态时谓语动词要由原来作宾语变为主语时的名(代)词的数来决定,从上面三种句式中选择合适的一种句式。例如:
They are collecting money for the broadband project.→ Money is being collected for the broad-band project.They are not protecting some animals well enough.→ Some animals are not being protected well enough.3.当变为主语的原来的宾语(名/代词)有较长的动词不定式短语(复合结构)、介词短语、从句修饰或有补足语时,动词不定式短语、介词短语、从句和补足语等,一般都仍然保留在原来的位置上。例如:
They are revising the laws to protect the rights of women and children.→ The laws are being revised to protect the rights of women and children.They are writing a report about the negative effects of cell phones in school.→ A report is being written about the negative effects of cell phones in school.Scientists are keeping a sick milu deer alive at the centre.→ A sick milu deer is being kept alive at the centre(by scientists).4.如果用在现在进行时的句子中的谓语动词是动词短语或习惯用语,那么这个动词短语或习语只把动词变为被动语态,其他部分保持不变。例如:
The parents are taking good care of their test-tube baby.→
Their test-tube baby is being taken good care of(by the parents).5.当用了现在进行时的句子结构是“S V In O DO”句型时,既可以把间接宾语变为被动句的主语,也可以把直接宾语变为被动句的主语,但如果是后者,可根
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据动词的习惯用法,把间接宾语改写为to或for引起的介词短语。例如:
George is sending his friend's phone texts and pictures.His friend's phone is being sent texts and pictures(by George).Texts and pictures are being sent to his friend's phone(by George).She is making Toma new coat.Tom is being made a new coat.A new coat is being made for Tom.6.用了现在进行时的句子由主动语态变为被动语态后,原来充当主语的名/代词(特别是人称代词)在一般情况下可以省略掉,如果有必要强调时可用by表示,常放在句子后面。例如:
They are adding new functions to the phones.New functions are being added to the phones(by them).Scientists are studying the life of the milu deer at present.The life of the milu deer is being studied at present by scientists.7.当用了现在进行时的句子由主动语态变为被动语态后,其否定式的构成主要把not放在谓语动词中第一个助动词(am,are或is)后面构成,而疑问式的构成则是把句子谓语动词的第一个助动词(am,are或is)移到句子前(第一个字母要大写),然后在句子后面加上问号而成。例如:
New nature parks are being started in China.New nature parks are not being started in China.(否定式)
Milu deer are being sent to China from Britain.Are milu deer being sent to China from Britain?(疑问式)
如果是特殊疑问句还要在这个助词前面加上适当疑问词。例如:
Why is money being collected? 与一般现在时区别
一般现在时表示经常性动作,现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作。例如:
He studies hard.他(经常)努力学习。
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He is studying hard.他(此刻或现阶段)正在努力学习。
一般现在时表示现在发生的动作,现在进行时表示眼前看得见的动作。例如:
Boats pass under the bridge.船从桥下穿过。
The boat is passing under the bridge.船正从桥下穿过。
基本用法
(1)表示(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。
(2)也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
(二)谓语构成:be(am/ is/ are)+v-ing(动词的现在分词)
I’m watching TV now.They’re playing football.(三)现在分词的构成。
(1)一般情况下在动词词尾加ing。
go→going ask →asking look→looking
(2)以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e加ing。
have →having take→taking make→making write→writing
(3)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写最后一个字母,再加-ing。
get→getting sit→sitting put→putting run→running
swim→swimming begin→beginning shop→shopping
(四)现在进行时态的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及简略回答。
(1)肯定式:be+v-ing She is singing in the next room.(2)否定式:be+not+v-ing The students aren’t cleaning the room.(3)一般问句:be动词提前。
肯定答语Yes,主语+be,否定答语No,主语+be not。
Are you playing the computer game? Yes, I am./No, I am not.(4)特殊问句:对谓语动词进行提问的:What+be +主语+doing+其他?
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What is the old man doing under the tree?
对其他成份进行提问的,疑问词+一般疑问句?
Where is the boy swimming?
Who is she waiting for?
三.现在进行时与一般现在时的区别
(一)现在进行时表示动作的暂时性,而一般现在时表示动作的习惯性和经常性
I am watching TV now.(暂时性)
I watch TV every day.(经常性)
(二)现在进行时可表示短暂性动作,而一般现在时表示长久性动作。
Lucy is living in Beijing.(短时间居住)
Lucy lives in Beijing.(长久性居住)
(三)现在进行时表示的动作可带有感情色彩,而一般现在时所表述的动作通常是事实。
You’re always forgetting the most important things.(责备)
He is always helping others.(赞扬)
He often helps others.(事实)
(四)有些动词不能用进行时,know, understand, love, like, hate, wish, want, think, hope, have, believe, agree, hear, see, notice,等等。这些动词通常用一般现在时表示说话时发生的动作。
I have a lot of friends here.She wants to buy a new bike.12 / 13
其他用法
(1)当句子中有now时,常表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时。如:
They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。
(2)以look, listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。如:
Listen!She is singing an English song.听,她正在唱英语歌。
(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作,且此时有this week, these days等时间状语,这时常用现在进行时。如:
We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。
(4)描述图片中的人物的动作,也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如:
Look at the picture.The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图,那些孩子正在公园放风筝。
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第四篇:英语现在进行时习题及答案
英语现在进行时
现在时表示现在成为习惯或经常性的动作,进行时则表示现在正在进行的动作
一,句式
二:现在分词的构成,是在动词原形上加-ing, 但是应该注意:
1、动词以单个e 结尾 去掉e, 加 ing love –loving argue--arguing 动词以-ee结尾 直接加 ing agree_ agreeing see--seeing
2、动词为单音节:以单一元音字母 + 单一辅音字母结尾 辅音字母双写,再加 ing
hit---hitting run--running
stop--stopping
3、动词为双音节或者多音节:最后一个音节为重读音节,以单一元音字母 + 单一辅音字母结尾 辅音字母双写,再加 ing。begin--beginning admit--admitting
4、以 y 结尾的动词 直接加 ing。carry –carrying enjoy-enjoying
5、有些动词是表示一种状态而不是动作,一般不用于进行时。
例如,我们一般不说 I am knowing, 而说 I know.常见的这类动词有:want like hate know see hear believe understand seem think(相信)suppose remember need love realize mean forget prefer have(拥有)belong
6、在不少情况下,表示正在进行的动作的汉语句子,并没有“正在”这样的字,在译为英语时却必须用进行时态:
whenever i see her,she is working in the garden。我每次看到她时,她总是在花园里干活。
7、在一般现在时所列的表示状态和感觉的动词,一般不能用于进行时态,因为他们不能表示正在进行的动作。但如果词义转变,能表示一个正在进行的动作,就能够用于进行时态,试比较下面的句子:
do you see anyone over there?你看到那里有什么人吗? are you seeing someone off?你在给谁送行吗? i hear someone singing。我听见有人唱歌。
they are hearing an english talk?他们在听一个英语报告。
8、另外,表示无法持续动作的动词,一般不宜用于进行时态,但有些可以用于这个时态表示重复、即将等:
he is jumping up and down。她一上一下地跳着。the train is arriving。火车就要进站了。the old man is dying。老头病危了。
9、现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安安排要进行的动作(这是多有一个表示未来时间的状语):
we are leaving on friday。
are you going anywhere tomorrow?
a foreign guest is giving a lecture in english this afternoon。xiao hong!coming。who is interpreting for you?
we are having a holiday next monday。
但这仅限于少量动词,如go,come,leave,start,arrive,lunch,return,dine,work,sleep,stay,play,do,have,wear等。
10、另外,“be going+不定式”这个结构经常用来表示即将发生的事或打算(准备)做的事: i am afraid it is going to rain。it is going to be rather cold tomorrow。she is not going to speak at the meeting。
在这个结构中过去有许多人不赞成用go和come这两个动词,感到很别扭,主张不说are you going to go anywhere tomorrow?而说are you going anywhere tomorrow?不说is she going to come?而说is she coming?但现在在这种结构中用两个动词的人越来越多,这种用法基本上被大家接受了。
11、注:在there和here引起的句子中,常可用一般现在时代替现在进行时: here comes the bus。(=the bus is coming.)there goes the bell.(=the bell is ringing.)习题
一、写出下例动词的现在分词形式
1)give____
2)use____ 3)move____ 4)skate____
5)draw____
6)tell____
7)ring____
8)wear____
9)get____
10)put____
11)hit____ 12)stop____ 13)keep____
14)hurt____
15)know____
16)lie____
17)die____18)begin____ 19)forget____
20)save____
21)close____
22)see____
23)carry____
二、用现在进行时连写句子 1)Li Ping;learn;to;speak;English;
2)it;rain;now
3)they;watch;a football match;on TV
4)he;look;out of the window;
5)look;the dog;sleep;
6)listen;the baby;cry;
7)they;have a meeting;at seven o'clock
8)the students;prepare for;an English test;now;
三、将下例句子改成一般疑问句 1)Mike is climbing the hill。
2)We are having an English lesson now。
3)Li Ping is jumping like a monkey。
4)The students are reading the text now。
5)I am studying English。
6)He is closing the window。
四、对划线部分提问 1)The baby is listening to the music。
2)I am looking for a jacket for my son。
3)She is smiling to herself in the mirror。
4)The boys are visiting the history museum。
5)The old man is sleeping right now。
6)The children are listening to the teacher of English。
7)The cats are running up the trees。
五、将下例句子改成否定句
1)The woman is making a cake in the kitchen。
2)We are having lunch now。
3)The boy is waiting for his mothe under the big tree。
4)You are playing the violin。
5)Mary is doing her best to study English well。
6)The students are doing their homework now。
7)Please open the door。
六、用动词的正确时态填空
1)I________(talk).You________(listen)tO me now.2)Look,the boy__________(run)fast.3)----What are you doing?----I_________(do)my homework.4)----_______the students_______(read)English.----Yes,they are.5)Tom_______(not study)English.He is studying Chinese.6)----Who_______(sing)a song?----Li Ying is.7)The girl_______(not eat)bananas now.8)----Where____they____(stand)?----They are standing over there.9)Look!The boy over there_______(ply)a model plane.10)----What is Meimei doing now?----She______(watch)TV with her parents 11)He____(study)English very hard.12)We often____(buy)books and things like that in the shop.13)Polly____(not eat)a banana now.七、单项选择
1)Jack is_____with Jim.They are good____.A:running;friend;B:running;friends;C:runing;friends D:run;friend's 2)Look!Mary____doing____homework.A:is;one's B:is;her C:are;his D:are;her 3)The Greens____supper now.A:is having B:are;having C:is haveing D:are;having 4)The children are____TV.A:watch B:seeing C:watching D:reading 5)Are the boys looking at the blackboard? Yes,they____.A:aren't B:do C:don't D:are 6)There's____girl,she is very tall.A:second B:two C:a second D:all second 7)--Do you have a red pen?Which of the following is wrong?--____.A:Yes;I have one B:Yes,I have it C:Yes,I do D:Sorry,I don't 8)--Excuse me.May I borrow a pen,please?--____.A:It doesn't matter;B:Thank you;C:Certainly,here you are;D:Not at all.9)The boy is late for class.So he says tO the teacher,“________”.A:I'm sorry B:Excuse me,May I come in? C:Let me in, D:I don't want to be late.10)I don't want a red apple.I want____.A:green apple B:a green C:a green one D:one green
八、根据汉语意思完成下例句子 1)把你的自行车借我用一下好吗? May I____your bike,____? 2)我们正在做第一课的练习。
We____ ____the exercises oF the____lesson.3)李先生是我的英语启蒙老师。Mr Li is my_____ _____teacher.4)你有支黑的吗?
Do you have a _____ _____? 5)对不起我来晚了
I'm____that I came____here?
一、答案:
1、giving;
2、esing;
3、moving;
4、skating;
5、drawing;
6、telling;
7、ringing;
8、wearing;
9、getting;
10、putting;
11、hitting;
12、stopping;
13、keeping;
14、hurting;
15、knowing;
16、lying;
17、dying;
18、beginning;
19、forgetting;20、saving;
21、closing;
22、seeing;
23、carrying。
二、_1__答案:Li Ping is learning to speak English。_2__答案:It is raining now。
_3__答案:They are watching a football match on TV。_4 _答案:He is looking out of the window。_5__答案:Look!The dog is sleep。_6__答案:Listen!The baby is crying。
_7__答案:They are having a meeting at seven o’clock。_8___答案:The students are preparing for English test now
三、__1__答案:Is Mike climbing the hill?
_2___答案:Are we having an English lesson now? __3__答案:Is Li Ping jumping like a monkey? __4__答案:Are the students reading the text now? __5___答案:Is he closing the window? __6__答案:Are you studying English?
四、_1__答案:Li Ping is learning to speak English。__2_答案:It is raining now。
_3__答案:They are watching a football match on TV。_4__答案:He is looking out of the window。
_5__答案:Look!The dog is sleep。_6__答案:Listen!The baby is crying。
_7__答案:They are having a meeting at seven o’clock。
五、_1___答案:The students are preparing for English test now __2__答案:Is Mike climbing the hill?
_3___答案:Are we having an English lesson now? _4___答案:Is Li Ping jumping like a monkey? __5__答案:Are the students reading the text now? _6___答案:Is he closing the window? _7___答案:Are you studying English?
六、答案:
1、am;talking;are listening;
2、are running;
3、am doing;
4、Are;reading;
5、is not studying;
6、is singing;
7、isn‘t eating;
8、Are standing;
9、is plying;
10、is watching;
11、studies;
12、buy;
13、is not eating。
七、答案:
1、B;
2、B;
3、D;
4、C;
5、D;
6、C;a second 不定冠词+序数词表示“又一”;
7、B;因为a red pen是指,而it是特指。
8、C;
9、B;打搅对方的道歉语;
10、C。
八、答案:
1、borrow;please;
2、are ;doing;first;
3、first;English;
4、black;one;
5、sorry/afraid;late
第五篇:小学英语现在进行时教学策略
小学英语现在进行时的教学方法
在小学英语教学中,无论是在词汇教学、对话教学、阅读教学,还是在任务型教学模式中,语法教学都让我们陷入了无限的思考,有时候还会为语法教学出现的难题而困扰。那么,在学习英语的起始阶段,如何教学语法知识呢?我就结合自己的教学实践,来谈谈小学英语阶段的现在进行时的教学方法。
一、现在进行时教学中存在的问题
在小学阶段,无论是教师对于现在进行时的教学,还是学生对于现在进行时的学习,都面临着一系列的问题。
1.教师对现在进行时的传统教学。当学生开始接触到现在进行时的时候,老师就会用中文解释,记结构,然后会有典型解析,公式归纳。其实这样的教学对于小学生来说是枯燥无味的,而且教学效果是事倍功半。
2.学生对于语法知识的模糊认识。学生在理解时态定义时存在误解,他们理解不了什么“叫做正在说话时进行的动作”。他们觉得这个概念太抽象,所以对于现在进行时只有一个模糊的认识。
3.学生在口头和书面表达中出现一系列的错误。学生在运用此时态的结构时,总是顾此失彼,不是忘了be动词,就是忘了动词的ing形式。而且,教师反复强调,学生反复出错,屡练屡犯。
4.学生不能把知识转化为技能。在老师的反复训练之后,大部分学生掌握了该时态的结构,会说和写一些相关的句子,但是他们在真实的情景中,不懂得去运用,无法体现语言的交际功能。
二、现在进行时的几种教学方法
如何让小学生对现在进行时的学习更有兴趣,有更高的学习效率?如果更有效地促进学生的发展呢?在教学实践中有以下方法: 1.多媒体创设情境,让学习过程精致而生动。
多媒体技术因其能把画面、声音、动作多重组合,因而具有引人入胜的效果。在现在进行时教学引入时,我们就可以利用多媒体呈现这个语法知识的任务,让孩子在真实的情境中感知和学习。如Unit 5 A Let’s learn中有drawing pictures,doing the dishes,cooking dinner,answering the phone,reading a books五个词组,我把这些词组串联起来放在一个家庭中,先用PPT陪上图片和声音复习一下以前学过的动词的原形,然后把这些词组放在一个家庭的场景里制作成FLASH,通过人物的持续的动作让学生学会观察,引出动词的ing形式。This is my family.My mother is cooking dinner.My father is answering the phone.My brother is doing the dishes.My sister is drawing the pictures.And I am reading a book.这样的设计吸引了学生的眼球,学生对一幕幕真实的家庭活动感兴趣,所以能促进学习过程,使其精致而生动。
又如,PEP 6 Unit 5 A Let’s learn中有flying,walking,running,swimming,jumping五个单词,因为前面学生已经接触过了动词的ing形式和现在进行时态,已经有了一定的基础。那么,现在我们根据这些词语的特点,把它们放在一个动物园里制作成FLASH来教。学生已经能根据场景来描述了:This is a zoo.Look at the tiger.It’s running.It’s running to the rabbit.The rabbit is jumping fast.The elephant is walking.The bird is flying.The zoo is very interesting.在这个生动的描述中,学生不仅可以将学过的动词的ing形式加以复习,而且对于新的内容,动词双写末尾的字母,再加ing形式在FLASH的欣赏中,形象地领会,深刻地记忆。
2.巧设课堂活动,让学习过程精彩而有趣。
由于小学生所处的年龄和心理特征的因素,他们更热衷于富有情趣、刺激的游戏活动。作为小学英语教师,在教学语现在进行时的时候更应该牢记化繁为简,变枯燥为生动的原则,用游戏激活课堂。又如我让同学们猜:Are you reading books/drawing pictures/…?在这样的游戏中,不管是表演的同学还是猜的同学都是兴致勃勃的,因游戏有趣而参与,因积极参与而觉得精彩。儿童天性活泼,爱唱爱跳,在认知事物的过程中往往会被感兴趣的东西所吸引。歌曲、歌谣和小韵律诗的艺术形式鲜明、生动、形象,最符合儿童的认知特点,朗朗上口的节奏迎合了儿童的心理需求,不仅促进他们在轻松自如的状态下主动学习,而且能减轻他们的负担,增强他们的记忆力,使英语学习达到事半功倍。3.自制教具,提高教学效率。
教具的制作,不仅有利于提高课堂教学效果,而且能培养学生自主学习的能力,激发学生的学习兴趣,改变传统教学模式,推动素质教育的发展。
通过学生自制教具,来理解本单元的教学重点难点——进行时态的句子结构。在我们的母语中“某人在某地做某事”,在英语中却要表达成“某人做某事在某地”。因为who, what, where正是人物、动作和地点三要素,组成了进行时态句子结构。学生永远把握不准who, what, where三个部分,受母语的影响,类似“Mom is in the kitchen cooking dinner.”这样的句子较常见。但是经过自制教具教学现在进行时的语法后,对三个部分不同的细化操练,强调了句子结构,使学生在一来一回中既学会了陈述表达,同时也掌握了情景问答。
教师把抽象的现在进行时具象为学生熟悉又感兴趣的语言素材,通过对语言的交际性运用,让孩子在有意义、生动有趣的情景中大量反复操练,让学生养成语言习惯,与潜移默化中掌握规则。
4.设计任务,体现语言的交际功能。
在现在进行时的教学过程中,还可以设计贴近学生生活的任务,让学生在完成任务的一系列活动中运用该时态,这样不仅可以让学生体会和领悟语言形式的表意功能、内化语言规则,而且能有效提高其语用能力。
如:我让学生回家之后用英语和同学打电话,询问对方家庭成员在干什么,然后根据回答完成调查表格,第二天给一个汇报: My family is very busy.My father is ….……
在这些任务型活动中,学生理解了动词ing形式所表达的意义,学会了所学的句型和词组,也锻炼了他们语言的综合运用能力,实现了真实的交际。
三、现在进行时教学中应注意的几点
那么,我们在现在进行时的教学中还应该注意以下几点: 1.归纳总结动词现在分词的变化规则。小学英语教材没有安排对知识要点的梳理和总结,因此,这就需要教师带领学生对动词的ing形式进行总结和归纳。先让学生通过对学过的动词的ing形式复习,小组讨论总结有何规律。然 后,教师和学生一起归纳如下:
①直接加ing,如:read-reading
②以不发音的e结尾的动词,去e再加ing,如:write-writing ③重读闭音节,以一个元音+一个辅音结尾的动词,双写这个辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running
2.适时纠正学生在口头表达中的语法错误。学生在课堂上运用现在进行时进行口头表达,经常会出现一些错误。有人认为,只要孩子能表达出来,不用过多地指出出现的口误。但是,我觉得适时地指出他们的口误是必要的。我们可以让同伴找出他的口误,也可以自己再把他的表达重复几次,使其自己纠错,还可以先表扬一下他出现的口误给大家提了个醒,这些都可以让孩子记忆深刻,从而避免下次继续出错。只是,我们不能武断地批评,或者直接否定“No!”。
3.给予必要的书面练习,及时巩固语法知识。
小学生是是以听说读为主的,不可能像中学生一样实行“题海战术”,但是对于现在进行时这一语法知识,我觉得适当的练习是必要的。适当的笔头练习可以有效地促进学生对现在进行时的理解和掌握,并能逐步实现口头交流中的自我纠错。当然,于小学生而言,设计的练习要有趣味性,符合孩子们的身心特点。我们可以设计完成QQ聊天的填空,对某一绘本进行改错,为缺失的报告做补充,为制作的funny book配句子等。
总之,英语教师应关注小学生生命的“发展区”,在现在进行时这一语法教学中充分运用智慧,从学生的认知水平出发,化抽象为具体,把某一知识点具体为多个学生既熟悉又感兴趣的语言材料,优化课堂教学,寓教于乐,通过多种形式的大量反复的练习,让学生养成语言习惯,习惯成自然,于潜移默化中掌握该项语言规则,最终把语言知识转化为交际技能