第一篇：主语从句
高中英语语法之名词性从句之主语从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连词：that（无任何词意）whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, whichever,whomever 连接副词：when, where, how, why,how many,how much,how often 不可省略的连词： 1.介词后的连词
2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较：whether与if 均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，只可用whether：
1.whether引导主语从句并在句首2.引导表语从句 3.whether从句作介词宾语4.从句后有“or not” Whether he will come is not clear.大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.二.主语从句
1、作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：
What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。Who will win the match is still unknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
（1）It + be + 名词 + that从句（2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句（4）It + 不及物动词 + that 从句
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that …
It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that…
2、第一部分：常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语 主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。
（1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.（2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.（3）Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.（4）Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.（6）Whatever you did is right.（7）Who the watch belongs to was lost is unknown.（8）What we need is time.（9）What we need are good doctors.小结:（1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等（2)连词位于句首不能省略（3)主语从句大多数情况下视为三单,但也有例外,如例9
第二部分：为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末（1）It is certain that he will win the match.（2）It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.（3）It is very likely that they will hold a meeting.（4）It is strange that he should do that.（5）It is important that we all should attend the meeting.（6）It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas.（7）It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation.（8）It is still a mystery what caused the accident.（9）It is said that he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to have gone to shanghai)（10）It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese.（11）It is suggested that the work should be done with great care.（12）It seems that he has seen the film.(=He seems to have seen the film)（13）It happened that the two cheats were there.(=The two cheats happened to be there)小结:（1)以that 引出的主语从句,常以形式主语it引导.It is +形容词/名词/某些动词ed + that 从句.（2)在有些that从句中要用虚拟语气(should+do/should+have done)例句4,5,6,11.3、主语从句的用法
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1.It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.2.用it 作形式主语的结构
(1)It is ＋名词＋从句
It is a fact that … 事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2)it is ＋形容词＋从句
It is natural that… 很自然…
It is strange that… 奇怪的是…
(3)it ＋不及物动词＋从句
It seems that… 似乎…
It happened that… 碰巧…
(4)it is＋过去分词＋从句
It is reported that… 据报道…
It has been proved that… 已证实… 3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
(1)if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
(2)It is said ,(reported)…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.(3)It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.(4)It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
4.What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
What 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如： What you said yesterday is right.1.________ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever 2.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A.while B.that C.if D.for 3.When and why he came here ________ yet.A.is not known B.are not known C.has not known D.have not known 4.________ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late B.Owing to a few minutes late C.The fact that she was a few minutes late D.Being a few minutes late 5.________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.A.That…that you had expected B.What …that you had expected C.That…what you had expected D.What…what you had expected
6.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.A.If...do B.That...do C.If...does D.That...does 7.It ________ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that B.is thought what C.thought that D.is thought that 8.It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.A.if B.that C.whether D.how 9.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A.That B.What C.How D.Which 10.____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.A.What, what B.What, that C.That, that D.That, what 11.____ you don't like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether 12..____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 13._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A.That B.Why C.How D.Who 14._______we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A.When B.Why C.What D.That 15.______he won't go there is clear to all of us.A.How B.What C.Why D.This 16.______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.A.If B.Where C.That D.What 17.._______you come or not is up to you.A.What B.If C.Why D.Whether 18.._______makes mistakes must correct them.A.Who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.Anybody 19.._______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A.Which B.That C.If D.How 20..________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who
[参考答案] 1-10 CBACD DDCAA 11-20 CBDAC BDCAC
第二篇：主语从句教案
英语教案---主语从句
主语从句：做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有连词that，whether，连接代词who，what，which，连接副词when，where，how，why等。
一、主语从句的连词分三类
（1）从属连词引导的主语从句
（that whether if）例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.That she survived the accident is a miracle.It is a miracle that she survived.that引导的主语从句:引导词that_____ 含义，在句中_________成分__________省。Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.It doesn’t matter too much whether she is coming or not.whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义，意为_________在句中_____成分_____省。注意：引导主语从句，不能用if不能在开头，只能用whether。
对于以连词thatwhether引导的主语从句，可以用形式主语______替代主语从句,避免头重脚轻。
（2）用连接代词引导的主语从句
在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，________(做/不做)成分.例如：What you need is more practice.Whatever we do is none of my business.whatever = anything that;whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别。
如：Whoever breaks the law should be punished.（主语从句）（＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.）
Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished.（让步状语从句）（＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished.）
（3）用连接副词when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词_____含义,在句中作_____ 语。)
例如:Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.三、it 作形式主语的主语从句
有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句移至句末。这分四种情况： It is +名词+从句
It is a fact that„ 事实是„„；It is good news that „ „„是好消息；It is a question that „ „„是个问题；类似的名词还有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing；a surprise等。It is a mystery to me how it all happened.It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game. It is +形容词+从句
It is necessary that „ 有必要„„；It is clear that „ 很清楚„„；It is likely that „ 很可能„„；It is important that „ 重要的是„„
类似的形容词还有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing, etc.It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.It is necessary that you（should）master the computer.注：有些主语从句中，谓语动词很多为“（should）＋动词原形”，即要用虚拟语气。
It is said that „ 据说„„；It is reported that „ 据报道„„；It has been proved that „ 已证明„„；It must be proved that„ 必须指出„„
类似的过去分词还有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;made clear;found out,etc.例如：It is reported that the weather will become warmer and warmer.It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.
It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.It does not matter if I missed my train.It happened that I saw him yesterday.(2)对关系代词型what引导的主语从句，通常直接将主语从句放在句首。如： What we need is money.我们需要的是钱。
What I want to know is this.我想知道的就是这一点。
有时也可将助用形式主语。如：It is clear enough what he meant.他是什么意思很清楚。(3)如果句子是疑问句，则必须用带形式主语it的结构： Is it true that he is the girl’s father? 他是那女孩的父亲，是真的吗？ How is it that you are late again? 你怎么又迟到了？
四、连词that的省略问题
That you didn’t go to the talk was a pity.很遗憾你没去听报告。(that不可省)It was a pity(that)you didn’t go to the talk.很遗憾你没去听报告。(that可省)引导主语从句的连词that 有时可省，有时不能省，其原则是：若that引导的主语从句直接位于句首，则that______省略；若that引导的主语从句位于句末，而在句首使用了形式主语it，则that________省略 主语从句练习
1.________ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever 2.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A.while B.that C.if D.for
3.When and why he came here ________ yet.A.is not known B.are not known
C.has not known D.have not known
4.________ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late
B.Owing to a few minutes late C.The fact that she was a few minutes late
D.Being a few minutes late 5.________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.A.That…that you had expected B.What …that you had expected C.That…what you had expected
D.What…what you had expected 6.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.A.If...do B.That...do
C.If...does D.That...does 7.It ________ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that B.is thought what C.thought that D.is thought that 8.It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.A.if B.that C.whether D.how
9.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A.That B.What C.How D.Which
10.____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.A.What, what B.What, that C.That, that D.That, what 11.____ you don't like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether
12..____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where
13._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A.That B.Why C.How D.Who
14._______we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A.When B.Why C.What D.That
15.______he won't go there is clear to all of us.A.How B.What C.Why D.This
16.______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.A.If B.Where C.That D.What
17.._______you come or not is up to you.A.What B.If C.Why D.Whether
18.._______makes mistakes must correct them.A.Who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.Anybody
19.._______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A.Which B.That C.If D.How
20..________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who
1~5 CBACD
6~10DDCAA
11~15 CBDAC 16~20 BDCAC
第三篇：高二主语从句练习
一、概述：在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中的语法作用，这类从句又可分为主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和宾语从句。
二.主语从句主要有四类：（1）由连词that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.That you are so indifferent bothers me.That she survived the accident is a miracle.（2）用连词 whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。
注意：引导主语从句，不能用if，只能用whether。
例如：Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.（3）用连接代词引导的主语从句
在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分.例如：What you need is more practice.What I want to know is this.Whatever we do is to serve the people.注：whatever / whoever的功用
whatever, whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
whatever = anything that;whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别。
如： Whoever breaks the law should be punished.（主语从句）
（＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.）
Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished.（让步状语从句）
（＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished.）
（4）用连接副词when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。)例如:Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.三.由 it构成的主语从句
（1）由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面，而用代词it作形式主语。
例如：That light travels in straight lines is known to all.=It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.When the plane is to take off has not been announced.= It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.(但当what引导的主语从句表示“…的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语。)错:It is a book what he wants.对:What he wants is a book.另外，需要注意的是，it作形式主语代替主语从句时，要注意和as引导的定语从句的区别。试比较：
It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack.As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack.（2）常见用it作形式主语的复合句结构 It is +名词+从句
It is a fact that… 事实是……
It is good news that … ……是好消息 It is a question that … ……是个问题
It is common knowledge that … ……是常识
类似的名词还有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。例如：It is a mystery to me how it all happened.It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.It’s a pity that you missed the film. It is +形容词+从句
It is necessary that … 有必要…… It is clear that … 很清楚…… It is likely that … 很可能……
It is important that … 重要的是……
类似的形容词还有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;
unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing, etc.例如：It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.It was really astonishing that he refused to talk to you.It is essential that he should be here by the weekend.It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.It is necessary that you（should）master the computer.It is important that a student learn English well.It’s clear that they badly need help.It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon.需要注意的是，这类主语从句中，谓语动词很多为“（should）＋动词原形”，即要用虚拟语气。
It is reported that … 据报道……
It has been proved that … 已证明…… It must be proved that… 必须指出……
类似的过去分词还有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;made clear;found out,etc.例如：It is thought that he is the best player.It is estimated that the vase is 2000 years old.It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars.It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.It is said that he was killed in the earthquake.
It seems that they will win the game.It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.It does not matter if I missed my train.It happened that I saw him yesterday.练习
1._____ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.A.The estimate
B.The estimated C.They are estimated D.It is estimated that 2._____ some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.A.Which B.Since C.Although D.How 3._____ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.A.Whoever B.Whatever C.However D.That 4._____ wealthy does not necessarily mean that a man is greedy.A.For the reason that he is B.Just because he is C.The reason of being D.That he is 5.Although ___ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.A.which B.what C.how D.it 6._____ she had forgotten to take her notebook.A.That occurred to her B.She occurred that C.To her that occurred D.It occurred to her that 7.I am sure that _____ she said is wrong.A.which B.all C.this D.what 8.We lost our way in the forest, and ____ made matters worse was that it was getting dark.A.that B.which C.it D.what 9._____ or not is still uncertain.A.He’s coming B.If he is coming C.That coming D.Whether he’s coming 10.It’s _____ he’ll be able to come.A.doubt whether B.doubtful C.doubt it D.doubtful whether 11.______ he is at work in the heart of the big city or at home in the quiet suburb, Dick’s life is tied to machines.A.Whether B.Till C.If D.Unless 12._____ he saw both surprised and frightened him.A.That B.When C.What D.Which 13._____ is warm sunshine.A.What do we all need.B.What all we need C.What we need D.What we all need 14._____ is a pity that he should feel so upset.A.What B.That C.He D.It 15._____ a spoonful of soil can tell us so much about the structure and early history of the moon.A.Remarkable B.Quite remarkably C.It is remarkable that D.It is remarkable fact that 16._____ you nominate will be elected.A.Who B.Whom C.Whomever D.That’s 17._____ book you borrow must be returned within a week.A.What B.Which C.Whichever D.That’s 18._____ of us gets home first starts cooking.A.Who B.Which C.Whichever D.Anyone
1.It remains unknown ________ the peace talk between the two countries is going to lead.A．where
B．when
C．how
D．why 2.It is ________ the pupils do in their spare time ________ really prepares them to take their place in society as citizens when they grow up A.which;that
B.that;what
C.what;that
D.that;which 3._______ _ he can work abroad next year will depend on his parents' will.A.That
B.When
C.What
D.Whether
4.It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.A.as
B.which
C.whether
D.that 5.It is usually thought ________ a little child says is truth.A．what that
B．that what
C．which
D．that 6.It was never clear________the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.A．that
B．how C．when
D．why 7.It could be learned from the teacher's eyes ________ he was very satisfied with her performance.A．that
B．whether
C．what
D．where 8.________ didn't attend the lecture yesterday won't be given full marks.A．Any one
B．Whoever
C．Who
D．The person 9.It surprised us all ________ Kate made such big progress in this final exam.A．when
B．that
C．how
D．whether 10.Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ________ the problem itself is.A．what
B．that
C．which
D．why 11.—What upsets him? —________ his computer is out of order.A．Whether
B．What
C．That
D．How 12.________ we go there by train or by ship makes no difference.The time and the fees are the same.A．Which
B．How
C．Whether
D．Why 13.________ I regret most is that I have promised to make friends with the dishonest girl.A．How
B．What
C．Where
D．That 14.So quickly are science and technology advancing ________ is a possibility today may be a reality tomorrow.A．which
B．what
C．that which
D．that what 15.________ left the door unlocked must be held responsible for the accident.A．Whomever
B． Whoever
C．Whatever
D．Whenever
1、The Foreign Minister said, “______ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”
A.This is B.There is C.That is D.It is
2、After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.A.where B.what
C.that D.how
3、____ is not known yet.A.When she has gone B.Where she has gone C.How did she leave D.Why did she go
4、______ is unfit for the office.A.It seems to me that B.It seems to me that he C.That seems he
D.That seems to him that
5、_______man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun.A.Which B.How C.What D.That
6、_______ beat Xiao Wang black and blue is not known.A.Whom
B.Whoever
C.Who
D.What
7、________matters much ________ the headmaster supports our activity.A．It;whether B．What;whether C．As;that D．That;if
8、________ is known to us all is that the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.A．As
B．It C．That
D．What
9、________ Premier Wen Jiabao visited the United States led to the closer relationship between the two countries.A．Which B．What C．That D．As
10、It is obvious to the students ________ they should get well prepared for their future.A．as B．which C．whether D．that
11、It is uncertain________side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.A.that B.what
C.how D.whether
12、The villagers have already known ______ we'll do is to rebuild the bridge.A．this B．that C．what D．which
13、It is still under discussion________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A．whether B．when
C which D．where
14、________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A.Which B.What C.That D.Whom
15、It was never clear ________ the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.A.that B.how C.when D.why
第四篇：主语从句讲解及其练习
名词性从句讲义
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化。分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面 1.考查名词性从句的语序问题
2.考查引导词that与what的区别
3.考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法
4.考查whether与if的区别
5.考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别
6.考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题 语法要点剖析
一、名词性从句
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词 因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连接词：that, whether, if（不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词：when, where, how, why 连接代词和连接副词在句子中既保留疑问意义，又充当句子成分。
主语从句
主语从句知识点：
①主语从句的连接词
②主语从句，it做形式主语（细化：it做形式主语和it做强调句的区别）③主语从句的时态（主语从句的时态不受主句时态影响和控制）
④其他：如，主语从句是陈述句 ；what和tha在引导主语从句的区别；that是否可以省略的问题
一、主语从句的连词分三类
（1）从属连词引导的主语从句（that whether /if）
that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。That 引导主语从句通常用it 作形式主语。
例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.That she survived the accident is a miracle.whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。注意：引导主语从句，不能用if不能在开头，只能用whether。
Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.（2）用连接代词引导的主语从句
在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分.例如：What you need is more practice.Whatever we do is to serve the people.注：whatever / whoever的功用
whatever, whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
whatever = anything that;whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别。
如：Whoever breaks the law should be punished.（主语从句）（＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.）
Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished.（让步状语从句）（＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished.）
（3）用连接副词when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。)例如:Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.二、it 作形式主语的主语从句
有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句移至句末。这分四种情况：
(1)对于以连词that引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语it替代主语从句： It is +名词+从句
It is a fact that„ 事实是„„； It is good news that „ „„是好消息； It is a question that „ „„是个问题； It is common knowledge that „ „„是常识
类似的名词还有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。It is a mystery to me how it all happened.It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game. It is +形容词+从句
It is necessary that „ 有必要„„； It is clear that „ 很清楚„„； It is likely that „ 很可能„„； It is important that „ 重要的是„„
类似的形容词还有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing, etc.It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.It is essential that he should be here by the weekend.It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.It is necessary that you（should）master the computer.需要注意的是这类主语从句中，谓语动词很多为“（should）＋动词原形”，即要用虚拟语气。另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：
It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that „ It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that„
It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that„
类似的过去分词还有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;made clear;found out,etc.例如：It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars.It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.
It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.It does not matter if I missed my train.It happened that I saw him yesterday.(2)对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语代主语从句，也可直接在句首使用主语从句：
Whether they would support us was a problem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。It was a problem whether they would support us.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。(3)对关系代词型what引导的主语从句，通常直接将主语从句放在句首。如： What we need is money.我们需要的是钱。
What I want to know is this.我想知道的就是这一点。
有时也可将助用形式主语。如：It is clear enough what he meant.他是什么意思很清楚。(4)如果句子是疑问句，则必须用带形式主语it的结构：
Is it true that he is the girl’s father? 他是那女孩的父亲，是真的吗？ How is it that you are late again? 你怎么又迟到了？
三、主语从句的时态，从句时态不受主句时态的影响和控制
（1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.（2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.（3）Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.（4）Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.（6）Whatever you did is right.（7）Whose watch was lost is unknown.（8）What we need is time.（9）What we need are good doctors.小结: 连词位于句首不能省略
主语从句大多数情况下视为三单,但也有例外,如例9
四、主语从句其他知识点
（一）连词that的省略问题 引导主语从句的连词that 有时可省，有时不能省，其原则是： 若that引导的主语从句直接位于句首，则that不能省略；
若that引导的主语从句位于句末，而在句首使用了形式主语it，则that可以省略： That you didn’t go to the talk was a pity.很遗憾你没去听报告。(that不可省)It was a pity(that)you didn’t go to the talk.很遗憾你没去听报告。(that可省)
（二）what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而that 则不然。What you said yesterday is right.That she is still alive is a consolation.（三）whethwe和if引导名词性从句区别
whether与if 均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，只可用whether 1.whether引导主语从句并在句首。
eg:Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic。2.引导表语从句。eg:The question is whether we can get in touch with her.3.whether从句作介词宾语。eg:I am thinking about whether I should quit my present job.4.if与whether都可以与or not 连用，但后面紧跟or not 时只能用whether。
We didn't know whether or not she was ready.（此时只能用whether）5.Whether可以引导同位语从句，if不引导同位语从句。
五、高考题：
1、It never occurred to me___you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.(陕西高考)A．which B．what C．that
D．if
2、It's obvious to the students________they should get well prepared for their future.(天津卷)A．as B．that C．which D．whether
3、________some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plug by many others.(2010·北京)A．Whether B．What C．That D．How 主语从句练习题
1.________ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever 2.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A.while B.that C.if D.for 3.When and why he came here ________ yet.A.is not known B.are not known C.has not known D.have not known 4.________ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late B.Owing to a few minutes late C.The fact that she was a few minutes late D.Being a few minutes late 5.________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.A.That„that you had expected B.What „that you had expected C.That„what you had expected D.What„what you had expected 6.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.A.If...do B.That...do C.If...does D.That...does 7.It ________ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that B.is thought what C.thought that D.is thought that 8.It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.A.what B.that C.whether D.how 9.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A.That B.What C.How D.Which 10.____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.A.What, what B.What, that C.That, that D.That, what 11.____ you don't like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether 12..____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 13._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A.That B.Why C.How D.Who 14._______we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A.When B.Why C.What D.That 15.______he won't go there is clear to all of us.A.How B.What C.Why D.This 16.______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.A.If B.Where C.That D.What 17.._______you come or not is up to you.A.What B.If C.Why D.Whether 18.._______makes mistakes must correct them.A.Who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.Anybody 19.._______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A.Which B.That C.If D.How 20..________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who
第五篇：主语从句练习
主语从句讲解及练习
主语从句
一、概述：在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中的语法作用，这类从句又可分为主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和宾语从句。
二.主语从句主要有三类：
（1）由连词that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义,在句中不做成分,不可以省。例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。That you are so indifferent bothers me.你如此冷淡使我很烦恼。
That she survived the accident is a miracle.她在事故中幸免于难简直是奇迹。
（2）用连词 whether 引导的主语从句:whether有含义(是否),在句中不做成分,不可以省。
例如：Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.她来不来都无关紧要。
（3）用连接代词引导的主语从句(在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分).例如：What you need is more practice.你所需要的是更多的训练。What I want to know is this.我想知道的就是这事。Whatever we do is to serve the people.我们无论做什么都是为人民服务。
（4）连接副词when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。)eg:Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.他们什么时候来还不知道。三.注意点: 1.it 做形式主语,而将主语从句放在句末（尤其是当谓语较短时）。例如：That light travels in straight lines is known to all.光沿直线传播，这是众所周知的事。
=It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.众所周知光沿直线传播。
When the plane is to take off has not been announced.飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。
= It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.还没有宣布飞机何时起飞。
(当what引导的主语从句表示“…的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语。)错:It is a book what he wants.对:What he wants is a book.他想要的是本书。
例如：Has it been settled who will be sent to carry out the task ? 谁将被派去执行这项任务决定了吗 ？ 固定用法和译法（1）It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that… 事实是…… It is good news that … ……是好消息 It is a question that … ……是个问题 It is common knowledge that … ……是常识
类似的名词还有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。例如：It is a mystery to me how it all happened.这一切是怎么发生的是个谜。
It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.鲸鱼不是鱼，这是常识。
It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.鲍勃会赢得这场比赛，这不足为奇。（2）It is +形容词+从句 It is necessary that … 有必要…… It is clear that … 很清楚…… It is likely that … 很可能…… It is important that … 重要的是……
类似的形容词还有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing, etc.例如：It is obvious that conductors and insulators are both important in industry.很明显导体和绝缘体在工业中都很重要。It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.她是否能来令人怀疑。
It was really astonishing that he refused to talk to you.他拒绝和你说话真是令人惊讶。
It is essential that he should be here by the weekend.周末之前，他应该到这里是必要的。It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.很明显我们不能这样下去了。（3）It is +过去分词+从句 It is said that … 据说…… It is reported that … 据报道…… It has been proved that … 已证明…… It must be proved that… 必须指出……
类似的过去分词还有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;made clear;found out,etc.例如：It is thought that he is the best player.大家都认为他是最好的选手。
It is estimated that the vase is 2000 years old.据估计这个花瓶有2000年的历史。
It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars.过去一直认为新星是由于两颗星星之间碰撞产生的。
It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.还没弄清楚这条路将开始通车。
It does not matter if I missed my train, because there is another later.没有赶上这趟火车没有关系，稍晚还有一趟。It happened that I saw him yesterday.碰巧我昨天看见他了。
当“及物动词 + 宾语”较短时，也可用这种结构。
例如：It shocked me that Peter did not tell anybody where he was.让我吃惊的是彼得没有告诉任何人他在哪里。It does not interest me whether you go or not.我对你去不去不感兴趣。
2.只用whether不用if引导主语从句.填空1 1._____ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.2._____ some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.3._____ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.4._____ wealthy does not necessarily mean that a man is greedy.5.Although _____ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.6._____ she had forgotten to take her notebook.7.I am sure that _____ she said is wrong.8.We lost our way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was that it was getting dark.9._____ some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.10._____ or not is still uncertain.11.It’s _____ he’ll be able to come.12._____ he is at work in the heart of the big city or at home in the quiet suburb, Dick’s life is tied to machines.13._____ he saw both surprised and frightened him.14._____ is a spell of warm sunshine.15._____ is a pity that he should feel so upset.16._____ a spoonful of soil can tell us so much about the structure and early history of the moon.17._____ you nominate will be elected.18._____ book you borrow must be returned within a week.19._____ of us gets home first starts cooking.20._____orders he gives are obeyed.填空2 1.________ makes mistakes must correct them.2.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.3.When and why he came here ________ yet.4.________ is no reason for dismissing her.5.________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.6.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.7.It ________ Bob drives badly.8.It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.9.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.10.____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.11.____ you don't like him is none of my business.12..____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.13._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.14._______we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.15.______he won't go there is clear to all of us.16.______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.17.._______you come or not is up to you.18.._______makes mistakes must correct them.19.._______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.20..________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.is not known C.The fact that she was a few minutes late D.What…what you had expected 主语从句练习题 [即学即用 ] I.用适当的词填空,使句子意思完整。
1.______ he didn’ t attend the meeting yesterday wasn’ t quite clear.2.The Foreign Minister said, “ It is our hope ______ the two sides will work towards peace.”
3.______ team will win the match is still unknown.4.______ comes to the party will receive a present.5.______ Mary has left is still a question.6.It ’ s reported ______ three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.7.______ he solved the problem successfully interested all of us.8.We usually think ______ we can’ t get seems better than what we have.9.It is a fact ______ English is being accepted as an international language.10.______ is to be sent there to solve the problem hasn ’ t been decided.II.下列各句中均有一处错误,请改正。
1.That the old man ’ s son wanted to know was where the gold had been hidden.2.It is reported when China has successfully sent Shenzhou VI spaceship into space.3.If he can finish his task on time is of great importance.4.Whether the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing excited the whole nation.5.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, which our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.6.Whatever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.7.Why they will solve the serious problem today has not been decided.8.When will win the English competition is still a problem.9.How our spring sports meet will be held or not this week is not known yet.10.It’ s strange when he should have gone away without telling us.GRAMMAR 主语从句学习指导
[寻规找矩 ] 请观察下列句子,注意主语从句的用法。1.That the earth travels round the sun is a well-known fact.2.It is uncertain whether the artist can do it or not.3.Who will act the lead in the play has not been decided yet.4.Where the young man has gone is not known.5.It is not yet decided when and where the test will be given.[常见错误展示 ] 下列各句均有一处错误,请改正并分析错误的原因。1.Light travels faster than sound is common knowledge.2.If she’ s coming or not doesn’ t matter much.3.That the professor said is of great importance.4.Where will the trees be planted has not been decided.5.No matter who breaks the rule will be punished.6.When and where the meeting will be held still remain a question.7.What were your problems a year ago has now become mine.8.It was requested that everyone made a speech at the meeting.C)what part they play in D)in what part they play 1.It didn’ t surprise us at all ________ he was post to Hong Kong.A)why B)how C)what D)that ? 6.It is pretty well understood ________ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.A)that B)that what C)what D)how 6.________ we’ ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A)If B)Whether C)That D)Where 7.________ we’ ll go camping tomorrow has kept us all excited the whole day.A)If B)Whether C)That D)Where 8.He will tell us ________ he thinks of our arrangement.A)that B)what C)how D)if 9.Sarah hopes to become a friend of ________ shares her interests.A)whoever B)whomever C)no matter who D)no matter whom E)anyone 11.________ his failure lies is expected ________ clear to us.A)What„ to make B)How„ made C)Where„ to be made D)Why„ making
2.Dr.Smith comes from either Yale or Harvard I can’ t remember ________.A)where B)there C)which D)that 3.You can depend on ________ promise he makes.A)anything that B)which C)whatever D)whose 5.– We never know ________ he is.– They say he is a salesman.A)who B)what C)how D)which E)whoever 4.The main fact(or)s in human life are five: birth, food, sleep, love and death.(One could increase the number — add breathing for instance — but these five are the most obvious.)Let us ask ourselves ________ our lives.A)they play in what part B)they play what part in5.I really don’ t see ________.A)what is the fun of playing dead B)what the fun of playing dead is C)what fun to play dead is D)what is the fun to play dead 6.A look at recent trends in world fisheries reveals ________ the ocean on a global scale.A)how we have swiftly affected B)that how swiftly we have affected C)how swiftly we have affected D)however swiftly we have affected 7.A little learning is not dangerous so long as you know ________.A)that B)that there is a little C)it is a little D)that it is little 3.The reason ________ he referred to for his success is ________ he always working hard.A)why, that B)why, because C)that, that D)that, because 8.While teaching students, teachers should take into consideration _________ students develop at different rates.A)the fact that B)since C)as long as D)despite of 9.Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ________ I will always treasure.A)that B)one C)on which D)what 10.The Foreign Minister said, “ ________ is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”
A)This B)There C)That D)It 10.The thought worried him much ________ he might fail in the exam.A)that B)which C)when D)so that 10.Now that energy prices are rising so rapidly, further prices are very uncertain, and the risk ________ a new investment depending on them may fail is greater.A)by which B)of C)that D)in that 27.There are signs ________ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.A)that B)which C)in which D)of which 28.There’ s a feeling in me ________ we’ ll never know what a UFO is – not ever/never.A)that B)which C)of which D)what 29.The theory is of great important ________ the hotter a body is, the more it radiates.A)that B)when C)which D)what 30.Evidence came up ________ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 5 months old.A)that B)whose C)which D)what 31.Information has been put forward ________ more middle school graduates will be admitted to universities.A)while B)that C)when D)as 31.A story goes ________ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A)when B)where C)what D)that 32.The possibility never occurred to me ________ I would unexpectedly enter such a big band and work in Wall Street.A)when B)that C)/ D)how 33.Word got around ________ he had resigned his position as secretary of the committee.A)when B)after C)that D)which 33._______ is no possibility ___________ Bob can win the first prize in the match.A)There „ that B)It „ that C)There „ whether D)It „ whether
34.Her unusual success shows that if someone can do their job really well, then the question ________ male or female is not so important.A)if they are B)of whether they are C)whether they being D)of whether to be 用正确的代词或介词填空
____he will come to attend the meeting won’ t make any difference.____I couldn’ t understand was why he didn’ t attend the meeting.____we will hold the meeting hasn’ t been decided yet.____leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.____ suddenly occurred to me that I had left my keys at home.根据提示，完成句子。
1.__________________________________ hasn’t been decided yet.(pick)谁将去接他还没有确定。
2.__________________________________ remains unknown.(finish)我们是否能按时完成工作还不知道
3._____________________________________ is none of my business.(like)你喜不喜欢他都与我无关。
4._________________________________________ is being discussed.(abroad)他将何时出国正在讨论之中。5.____________________________ in learning English is enough practice.(matter)英语学习中最重要的是足够的练习。
6.It worried her a bit ______________________________________________.(turn)她的头发正在变白让她有些担忧。
7.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ___________________________ our astronauts walk in space.(desire)杨利伟成功地环绕地球后，我们希望的是宇航员在太空漫步。
8.________________________________________ should be punished.(break)任何违法的人都应该被惩罚。
9.___________________ we can learn four foreign languages at the same time.(seem)我们能同时学四门外语似乎不可能。
10._______________________________ was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to the key universities.让这所学校感到自豪的是超过90%的学生被重点大学录取了。参考答案
1.Who will pick him up2.Whether we can finish the work on time 3.Whether you like him(or not)4.When he will go abroad 5.What matters most6.that her hair was turning grey 7.it’s desired that8.Whoever breaks the law 9.It seems impossible that 10.What made the school proud 14
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