第一篇：《英国文学史选读》课程教学大纲
一．课程基本情况：
1．编号：01015065, 01015096(翻译方向)； 02015055,02015106(教育方向)
2．层次与学制：本科, 四年制
3．总学时：68
4．学期与周学时：第五，六学期；周学时: 2
5．学分：2
6．执笔人：夏丹
二、课程性质与任务：
本课程为英语（翻译，教育方向）专业必修课。
该门课程在英语专业人才培养中旨在使学生从英国历史、语言、文化发展的角度，掌握英国文学各个时期的主要文学、文化思潮，文学流派，主要作家及其代表作，同时帮助学生对英国文学的发展有深刻的了解和认识，并通过介绍一些最基本的文化理论和批评方法，对部分在思想上艺术上有代表性，有影响的作家及作品进行分析、导读，增强学生对英国文学的形成和发展的理解，提高他们对文学作品的鉴赏能力和文学修养。
三、课程的基本要求
1．课程的要求：学完本课程，学生应该掌握如下能力：
①对于英国文学史有整体性把握；
②掌握分析和鉴赏文学作品的能力；
③独立完成千字左右的文学作品评析的英语论文；
④掌握文学概念和相关文学流派的专业知识。
2．质量标准：在第五学期完成英国文学史中从中古时期到启蒙时期的文学流派及相关作家，完成两篇以上的英文作品分析论文；第六学期完成从浪漫主义时期到现代主义文学相关内容的学习，并整体把握整个英国文学史的脉络，完成三篇以上的英文作品分析论文。同时检验学生是否了解、认识英国文学各个时期的主要文化、文学流派、主要作家及其代表作品，了解英国文学的发展历史，并能够用最基本的文化理论和批评方法，理解、分析文学作品，提高文学鉴赏力、语言表达能力，提高文学修养。
四、课程内容与学时分配
第五学期：
第一章序言(2 学时)
使学生对英国文学史和主要流派具有提纲挈领的认识。
第二章 中古世纪时期（2学时）
使学生掌握英国文学的起源及其形式和主要代表作品
第三章 杰弗里•乔叟(2学时)
使学生对史诗《贝奥武甫》和杰弗里•乔叟的作品思想内容和艺术特色具有深入认识。
第四章 威廉•莎士比亚，培根(4学时)
使学生对威廉•莎士比亚和培根的思想内容和艺术特色具有深入认识。
第五章 17世纪文学：多恩，弥尔顿，班扬（8学时)
通过本章学习，概要了解资产阶级革命及复辟时期的历史、文化背景，认识《失乐园》与《圣经》的关系；重点了解弥尔顿的主要创作、艺术特色及其代表作品分析。讨论《失乐园》片段，理解人物撒旦的反叛精神。
第六章 十八世纪文学：笛福，斯威福特，费尔汀，谢里丹，哥德史密斯等(14学时)通过本章学习，概要了解启蒙运动、古典主义、感伤主义、英国小说的兴起和小说的要素；了解十八世纪小说的主要艺术特色及其代表作品分析。同时了解前浪漫主义诗歌思想的发展；分析布莱克代表作中表现的对自然的热爱及宗教色彩；介绍彭斯作品《红玫瑰》。
第六学期：
第七章 浪漫主义：华兹华斯，拜伦，雪莱，济慈，斯科特，奥斯丁，兰姆（10学时）通过本章学习，主要了解浪漫主义诗歌的特点，着重分析 华兹华斯，拜伦，雪莱的代表作品，同时掌握《傲慢与偏见》的艺术创作手法和主要人物分析。
第八章维多利亚时期的文学：狄更斯，萨克雷，艾略特，博朗特姐妹，布朗宁夫妇，胡德，丁尼生（10学时）
通过本章学习，概要了解批判现实主义文学的特点和意义，着重分析《雾都孤儿》，《名利场》，《简爱》等。
第九章 二十世纪文学：哈代，哥德史密斯，王尔德，萧伯纳，劳伦斯，伍尔夫，乔伊斯（12学时）
通过本章学习，主要了解现代主义文学的特点，以及意识流的写作手法，同时分析《苔丝》，《福塞特世家》，《道林格雷的画像》，《儿子与情人》等作品。
五、课程教学方法：
本课是一门英语专业文学技能训练课,可以采用如下教学方法：
1．学生预习工作：学生针对教学进度，在教师的指导和安排下，分小组准备对于作家作品的介绍，以幻灯片结合英语讲解的形式进行，由教师根据学生的准备情况和展示情况记录平时成绩。
2． 授课方法：多媒体授课
教师在上课前要精心准备教学课件，课件内容应全面，包括各时期文学的时代背景介绍，作品流派的分析和讲解，作家的生平和作品介绍，主要作品分析，写作手法介绍以及相关测试试题。教师的授课内容具体包括：
（1）关于文学史的讲授（含历史背景、文学流派、文学常识等知识性和理论性内容）；
（2）通过布置思考题，要求学生在讲授每篇作品前对作品进行阅读和思考；
（3）课上组织学生对作品进行讨论，讨论的问题将围绕某个作家、作品的突出特点，以便学生对其有所体会；
（4）课后要求学生对讨论加以总结。
3． 学生的参与：教师在讲解过程中，结合文学作品要求学生积极进行个人发言或小组讨论，同时形成书面的研究论文。
4． 课外材料的补充：教师在介绍到重点作家作品的时候，适当安排给学生阅读书目，同时利用学生的课下时间组织安排英国文学名著改编的电影的放映，学生自愿参加。
六、课程作业要求
本课程要求每学期作业不少于三次，作业内容为学生定期撰写对于文学作品的读后感或文学评论，字数在800字左右。同时学生轮流准备对于作家作品介绍的幻灯片展示，同时在课堂上展示出来，教师记录平时成绩。此外，每学期完成两次的单元测验，测验同作业以及幻灯片一起累计六次平时成绩，占期末总成绩的30%。
七、课程考核方式
1．本课程为各学期的考试课，采取闭卷笔试方式进行。它的总成绩评定包括平时成绩，其中包括课堂表现，课后作业和测验，课后作业每学期不少于3次，测验每学期不少于4次）（30%）及期末测试（70%）。
2． 期末考核：每学期期末安排一次考试，同一年级由学院组织任课教师统一命题。考试目的：全面检查英语专业高年级阶段学生是否了解了英国文学的发展史，获得了阅读、欣赏、理解英语文学原著的能力，以及掌握了文学批评的基本知识和方法。考试要考察以下方面：
（1）识记：学生应该掌握一定的文学常识，包括流派、思潮、作家作品，要求学生能够识别有代表性的选文出处及作者。
（2）领会：学生能根据所学的文学基本常识对特定选文的语言特点进行初步分析。
（3）简单应用：学生应能够在对特定作家的时代有所了解的情况下，分析作品内容所传达的思想理念等；
（4）综合应用：要求学生能综合多方面的文学常识和概念等知识，结合具体的文本，参考前人的研究成果对作家作品提出初步的个人见解，能用英语表述观点，并写出简单的论文。
3．期末试题题型：选择题（作家、作品连线，10%）；填空题（10%）；判断正误（10%）文学名词解释（20%）判断作品片段出处并回答相关问题（20%）；问答题（30%）。
八、教材与教学参考书
1．教材：
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》 1988年外语教学与研究出版社
2．教学参考书：
（1）陈嘉，《英国文学史》，1986年商务印书馆
（2）刘炳善，《英国文学史》，2004年河南人民出版社
（3）张鑫友，《英国文学史及选读学习指南》2002年湖北科学技术出版社
教材的删减与增补
删减：因本教材中作家作品的选用科学，内容适当，故没有删减。但教师在授课中可结合本课程教学大纲对于作家作品进行有详有略的介绍。
增补：在教学过程中，教师可针对不同的重要程度的文学作品加入相关文学评论或文学经典电影片段欣赏的内容。
第二篇：西南大学英国文学史选读总结
英国文学史
I.Early and Medieval Literature 1.England’s inhabitants are Celts.And it is conquered by Romans, the Teutonic tribes of Angle, Saxons and Jutes.In 1066, at the battle of Hastings(黑斯延斯), the Normans headed by William, Duke of Normandy, defeated the Anglo-Saxons.The Anglo-Saxons brought the Germanic language and culture to England, while Normans brought the Mediterranean civilization(地中海文明), including Greek culture, Rome law and the Christian religion.It is the cultural influence of these two conquests that provided the source for the rise and growth of English literature.2.Jutes lived and maintained close relations with kindred(相似)tribes.3.The old English literature extends from about 449 to 1066, the year of the Norman conquest of England.4.Three kinds of languages in the Anglo-Norman period: Norman---French, English---English, Religious---Latin.Two kinds of literature: Romans and Ballads.“Romans” is about upper class, and nothing to do with Romans.5.The old English poetry that has survived can be divided into two groups: The religious group and the secular one.6.The literature of this period falls naturally into two divisions――pagan and Christian.7.The national epic of the English people, which belongs to the primitive(原始，早期)literature;Romance cycles, which belong to the feudalist(封建)literature;Folk literature whose subjects are from the lower class 8.Caedom is the first known religious poet of England, he is known as the father of English song.9.The didactic poem The Christ was produced by Cynewulf.10.The Song of Beowulf It describes the most heroic man of the Anglo-Saxon times.It is a Denmark(丹麦)story which used alliteration , metaphors(隐喻)and understatements(轻描淡写).It is the first literature, England’s national epic;it was written by an unknown scribe at the beginning of the 10th century and was not discovered until 1750 It consists of 3182 lines Telling a story about an ancient hero Beowulf’s fight against a lake monster, Grendel, and his mother, a monster, too;Beowulf’s battle against a fire dragon.The poem is an example of the mingling of the nature myths and heroic legends.12.The literature which they brought to England is remarkable for its bright, romantic tales of love and adventure, in marked contrast with the strength and somberness(严峻)of Anglo-Saxon poetry.The great majority of Romances mainly fall into 3 cycles.A.The matters of Britain: About King Arthur and his knights of the Round Table B.The matters of France: About Charlemagne and his peers C.The matters of Greece and Rome: About Alexander, and about the fall of Troy(特洛伊城的陷落)Of these three cycles, the matters of Britain is the most important one.There were many cycles of Arthurian romances, Chief of which are those of Gawain, Launcelot(朗斯洛特), Merlin(默林), the Quest of the Holy Grail(寻找圣杯), and the Death of Arthur Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 13.Geoffrey Chaucer He is the father of English poetry in that he introduces rhymed verse, especially couplet, into Britain to replace alliterative verse formerly prevailing in British poetry and making English the literary language.He is also the founder of English realism because The Canterbury Tales, his masterpiece, provides a panorama of the life in the medieval England.He is the forerunner of humanism for in his masterpiece the keynote is humanism.He praises human intellect, human beauty, human passion and human living environment, and affirms human rights to pursue earthly happiness.写作的三个时期：Translate from French;French;Write in his own words: English The Canterbury Tales Three features: Plot;Prologue;Language(iambic pentameter)The Prologue is a splendid masterpiece of realistic portrayal, the first of its kind in the history of English literature.The Prologue is a splendid masterpiece of realistic portrayal, the first of its kind in the history of English literature.Heroic couplet is a rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter(五音步抑扬格).It is Chaucer who used it for the first time in English in his work The Legend of Good Woman.14.Popular Ballads Literature of the lower class in the feudalist society includes written folk literature and oral folk literature.As for the written folk literature, the most important writer is William Langland, whose masterpiece is The Vision of Piers, the Plowman.Among the ballads published, the Robin Hood ballads are of special significance.The best known of the earliest collections was given by Bishop Thomas Percy, named Reliques of Ancient English Poetry.Literature of the Renaissance Period 1.Renaissance: general spirit---humanism 2.Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of Queen Elisabeth.3.Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe(克里斯托弗 马洛)and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.4.Thomas More----Utopia;John Lyly----Eupheus(艳词);Marlowe----The Jew of Malta;Robert Greene----Gorge Green 5.Edmund Spenser was the poet’s poet.The greatest epic poem of the time is The Fairy Queen.6.William Shakespeare produced 37 plays, 2 narrative poems and 154 sonnets.A basic form of poetry consists of 14 lines of iambic pentameter, intricately rhymed(abab, cdcd, efef, gg).His plays can be divided into four types: historical plays, comedies, tragedies and romantic tragic-comedies.His four writing period: Apprenticeship;Mature period;Great tragedies;Romantic drama
Sonnet 18: Theme---Art survives time Hamlet It praises humanists as represented by Hamlet.He is the scholar, a soldier and a statesman(政治家);it shows the inevitable problems faced by the humanists;Hamlet’s delay of action is due to his awareness of the possible national disaster which will be brought about by his personal revenge and his sense of responsibility to put the interests of his nation and his people before his own.7.Francis Bacon ○ Essayist, Scientist, Philosopher.○ His major works are The Advancement of Learning and New Instrument.○ He is also the first great English essayist.○ His works may be divided into three classes: the philosophical, the literary and the professional works ○ In 1597 Francis Bacon published his first collection of essays, the Essays Literature of the Revolution and Restoration Period 1.The government of James 1was based upon the theory of divine right of kings, but the Puritans offered another theory of divine right—the individual conscience.2.In 1649 Charles I was beheaded.England became a commonwealth under the leadership of Oliver Cromwell.He imposed a military dictatorship(军事独裁).In 1653 Oliver Cromwell imposed a military dictatorship on the country.It was called the period of the Restoration which was objectionable(讨厌的)in monarchy.After Cromwell’s death, monarchy was again restored in 1660.3.Revolution of 1688(Glorious Revolution)means three things: The supremacy of Parliament(议会至上), the beginning of the modern England(现代英国的开端), the final triumph of the principle of political liberty for which the Puritan had fought and suffered hardship for a hundred years.4.Literary Characteristics In the literature also the Puritan Age was one of confusion, due to the breaking up of old ideals.The Puritan influence in general tended to suppress literary art.5.John Donne He was the founder of the Metaphysical school of poetry.Donne is best known by his The Songs and Sonnets.It contains most of his early lyrics.Love is the basic theme.Sometimes the “conceits(奇遇)”, as these extravagant figures are called, are so odd that we lose sight of the thing to be illustrated, in the startling nature of the illustration.Song(“Go and Catch a Falling Star”), the theme is “No where lives a woman true, and fair” 6.John Milton Paradise Lost consists of 12 books, containing about ten thousand lines in blank verse(unrhymed iambic pentameter).Based on the biblical legend of the imaginary progenitors of the human race----Adam and Eve, and tells God and his eternal adversary, Satan in its plot.Major poetical works: Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained and Samson Agonisters.7.John Bunyan He gives us the only great religious allegory(宗教寓言)Pilgrim’s Progress, Vanity Fair IV.Literature of the 18th Century 1.The age of reason 2.Two parties: the liberal Whigs and the conservative Tories came into being.However another party also existed, the Jacobites, who aimed to bring the Stuarts back to the throne.3.Characteristics of literature: Realism;Common people;Prose rapid development 3.Daniel Defoe
His works are the first literary works devoted to the study of problems of the lower-class people.Robinson Crusoe, colonial spirit(1)His marvelous(非凡的)capacity(才能)for work(2)His boundless(无穷的)energy and persistence in overcoming obstacles(障碍)(3)His hard struggle against nature and making all bend to his will 3.Jonathan Swift A Tale of a Tub(satirist)《木桶的故事》
Gulliver’ Travels(satire)Four places: Lilliput(厘厘普特), Brobdingnag(布罗卜丁奈格), the flying Island, Houyhnhnm(慧駰国).The first part tells about his experience in Lilliput, where the inhabitants are only six inches tall), twelve times smaller than the normal human beings.The emperor believed himself to be the delight and terror of the universe, but it appeared quite absurd to Gulliver who was twelve times as tall as he.In his account of the two parties in the country, distinguished by the use of high and low heels, Swift satirizes the Tories and the Whigs in England.Religious disputes were laughed at in an account of a problem which divided the Lilliputians: “ Should eggs be broken at the big end or the little end?”
About selected reading: The theme: exploration into human nature and satire to English and European life ①Main plot—part one:
His experiences in Lilliput where the inhabitants are only 12 times smaller than normal human being Author satire the weakness of human being and the absurd actions of the English government before the nature ②Main plot—part two: His experiences in Brobdingnag where are 10 times taller and larger than normal human being and superior in wisdom Here, the author gives a vivid description to the crankiness and arrogance(狂妄自大)of the authority in England ③Main plot—part three: The experiences in Flying Island where the philosophers and projectors devote all their time and energy to the study of some absurd problems Here is the criticism of the western civilization and false illustration about science, philosophy, history and even immortality ④Main plot—part four: The experience in Houyhnhnm where horses are endowed with reason and all good and admirable qualities, and are the governing class Here, the author compared the differences and similarities between horses and human being, lead readers to think about a problem: what on earth are human beings? ⑤Social achievement: The book is one of the most effective and devastating criticisms and satires of all aspects in the then English and European life—socially, politically, religiously, philosophically, scientifically and morally.⑥Artistic achievement: In structure, the four parts make an organic whole, with each contrived upon an independent structure, and yet complementing the others and contributing to the central concern of study of human nature and life Summary of a Modest Proposal With bitter irony, that the poverty of the Irish people should be relieved by the sale of their children, “at a year old”, as food for the rich, the narrator put forward his so-called perfect proposal.With the utmost gravity, he set out statistics to show the revenue that would come if this idea were adopted.The remedy, Swift took care to point out, was only for the kingdom of Ireland, not for the whole England.The last proposal is a most heartbreaking piece of sarcasm that fiery indignation has given birth to and a most powerful blow at the English government’s policy of exploitation and oppression in Ireland.Masterpieces 4.Joseph Addison Sir Roger at Church乡村礼拜日
5.Henry Fielding, the Father of the English Novel
The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling 6.Thomas Gray, Graveyard School, sentimentalist Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard The poem contains some of the best-remembered lines in English poetry and uses a graveyard at twilight to meditate on the lives of the ordinary people interred there.Gray laments not one particular death, but the obscurity into which death will plunge us all.There is nobility in all people, but that difficult circumstances prevent those talents from being manifested.Gray contrasts the simplicity and virtue of the English farmers of the past with the vain, boastful present.He speculates about the potential leaders, poets, and musicians who may have died in obscurity and been buried there.All life’s endeavors, positive or negative, are rendered useless by the shadow of the tomb.The poem ends with an epitaph which sums up the poet’s own life and beliefs.7.William Blake The first important Romantic poet Major Works: Songs of Innocence《天真之歌》 Songs of Experience The Chimney Sweeper《扫烟囱的孩子》 The Tiger The tiger means the power of destroy.The poet repeats the central question of the poem, stated in Stanza 1.However, he changes could(Line 4)to dare(Line 24).This is a significant change, for the poet is no longer asking who had the capability of creating the tiger but who dared to create so frightful a creature.8.Robert Burns
He wrote some ballads on the basis of old Scottish legends.He expressed his love for freedom and sang of the heroic spirit of the Scottish people.Burns is the only greatest English poet who writes outside the standard/London dialect.A Red, Red Rose, Auld Lang Syne, John Anderson, My Jo and A Fond Kiss Literature of the Romantic Period 1.The Romantic period is the period is generally said to have begun in 1798 with the publication of Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads(抒情歌谣集)and to have ended in 1832 with Sir Walter Scott’s death and the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament.It is emphasized the special qualities of each individual’s mind.2.Lake Poets and Passive romantic poets: Wordsworth, Coleridge, Southey;Positive romantic poets: Byron, Shelley, Keats 3.William Wordsworth I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802 4.Gorge Gordon, Lord Byron Main works: Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage 《恰尔德.哈罗德游记》 She Walks in Beauty Don Juan《唐。璜》
From Canto II(The Isles of Greece)Set a sharp contrast between the past and the present of Greece Freedom protects independence, allusion(用典)5.Percy Bysshe Shelley Ode to the West Wind What are the features of the stanza form in the poem?
1)run-on line(跨行/跨节的诗行)to imitate the unrestrained and free wind 2)a combination of Terze Rima(tercets 三行诗)and Shakespearian sonnet rhymed aba, bcb;cdc;ded;ee 3)one sentence forms a stanza: west wind as the breath of Autumn’s being, wild spirit, destroyer and preserver, thou hear!6.John Keats Ode on a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮 Ode to a Nightingale夜莺颂 Written in ten-line stanzas;The first seven and last two lines of each stanza are written in iambic pentameter;the eighth line of each stanza is written in trimeter.Its rhyme scheme is the same in every stanza: abab cdecde.Main Idea Throughout the narrator's journey, he used the nightingale to figure out what he did and did not want with his life.He convinced himself to reject suicide as a way out of his problems.If he had not, he would not be able to enjoy everything life has to offer.He realized he should be able to enjoy the niceties in life without the use of wine, drugs or even dreaming, which is why he stopped using the synesthetic imagery toward the end of his journey.Theme Fullest and deepest exploration of the themes of creative expression: The poet’s first thought is to reach the bird's state through alcohol but then he chooses instead “the viewless wings of Poesy.”
The rapture of poetic inspiration matches the endless creative rapture of the nightingale's music and lets the speaker imagine himself with the bird in the darkened forest.7.Walter Scott Ivanhoe Rob Roy 8.Jane Austen completed six novels： Northanger Abbey, Persuasion, Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Mansfield Park, and Emma.“Pride and Prejudice”
It is the story of a young girl who rejects an offer of marriage because the young nobleman who makes it has been rude to her family.It is a very plot but around it the authoress has woven vivid pictures or the everyday life of simple country society.Literature of the Victorian Age 1.since 1870s, critical realism 2.Victorian literature roughly coincides with the reign of Queen Victoria from 1836 to 1901.The period has been regarded as one of the most glorious in English History.3.The years between 1832 and the early 50’s saw an important series of events known as the Chartist Movement.4.Charles Dickens Oliver Twist, David Copperfield 5.William Makepeace Thackeray His novels mainly contain a satirical portrayal of the upper strata(社会阶层)of society.Vanity Fair(Novel without a Hero)6.George Eliot, Mary Ann Evans Adam Bede《亚当-比德》
Its characteristics of writing: Provincial life(乡村生活);Psychological description;Moral sense；Concern of women 7.Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte Jane Eyre;Wuthering Heights 8.Alfred, Lord Tennyson Ulysses Break, Break, Break Crossing the Bar Break, Break, Break is written in memory of Hallam.In this poem, the poet’s own feelings of grief stands in sharp contrast with the carefree, innocent joys of the children and the apathetic motion of the ship and the waves.9.Robert Browning Browning’s greatest contribution to English poetry is his “dramatic dialogue”.Home-Thoughts, from Abroad Literature of the 20th century 1.Tomas Hardy Tess of the D’Urbervilles《苔丝》
Far From the Madding Crowd《远离尘嚣》 Comment on Tess It is a fierce attack on the hypocritical morality of the bourgeois society and the capitalist invasion into the countryside and destruction of the English peasantry at the end of the nineteenth century.Naturalistic tendency is strong in the novel.2.George Bernard Shaw Mrs.Warren’s Profession 3.D.H.Lawrence Sons and Lovers, Oedipus Complex(恋母情结)4.Virginia Woolf
Jacob’s Room(雅各布的房间)Mrs.Dalloway(达洛维夫人)To the Lighthouse The Waves 5.James Joyce Stream-of-consciousness
第三篇：英国文学史及选读 复习要点总结
《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点
1.Beowulf: national epic of the English people;Denmark story;alliteration, metaphors and understatements（此处可能会有填空，选择等小题）2.Romance（名词解释）
3.“Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’s story 4.Ballad（名词解释）
5.Character of Robin Hood 6.Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry;The Canterbury Tales(main contents;124 stories planned, only 24 finished;written in Middle English;significance;form: heroic couplet)7.Heroic couplet(名词解释)8.Renaissance（名词解释）9.Thomas More——Utopia 10.Sonnet（名词解释）11.Blank verse（名词解释）12.Edmund Spenser
“The Faerie Queene”
13.Francis Bacon “essays” esp.“Of Studies”（推荐阅读，学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照，本文用词正式优雅，多排比句和长句，语言造诣非常高，里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一读）
14.William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要，此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了，这些剧的主题，背景，情节，人物形象都要熟悉，当然他最重要的是Hamlet这是肯定的。他的sonnet也很重要，最重要属sonnet18。（其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读）
15.John Milton 三大史诗非常重要，特别是Paradise Lost和Samson Agonistes。对于Paradise Lost需要知道它是blank verse写成的，故事情节来自Old Testament，另外要知道此书theme和Satan的形象。16.John Bunyan——The Pilgrim’s Progress
17.Founder of the Metaphysical school——John Donne;features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images.18.Enlightenment（名词解释）19.Neoclassicism（名词解释）
20.Richard Steele——“The Tatler”
21.Joseph Addison——“The Spectator”这个比上面那个要重要，注意这个报纸和我们今天的报纸不一样，它虚构了一系列的人物，以这些人物的口气来写报纸上刊登的散文，这一部分要仔细读。
22.Steel’s and Addison’s styles and their contributions
23.Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of Lock”, “The Dunciad”;his workmanship(features)and limitations
24.Jonathan Swift: “Gulliver’s Travels”此书非常重要，要知道具体内容，就是Gulliver游历过的四个地方的英文名称，和每个部分具体的讽刺对象;（我们主要讲了三个地方）“A Modest Proposal”比较重要，要注意作者用的irony也就是反讽手法。
25.The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature.26.Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, 当然是Robinson Crusoe比较重要，剧情要清楚，Robinson Crusoe的形象和故事中蕴涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主义的萌芽。另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe是forerunner of English realistic novel。
27.Samuel Richardson——“Pamela”(first epistolary novel), “Clarissa Harlowe”, “Sir Charles Grandison”
28.Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones”第一个和第三个比较重要，需要仔细看。他是一个比较重要的作家，另外Fielding也被称为father of the English novel.29.Laurence Sterne——“Tristram Shandy”项狄传
30.Richard Sheridan——“The School for Scandal”
31.Oliver Goldsmith——“The Traveller”(poem), “The Deserted Village”(poem)(both two poems were written by heroic couplet), “The Vicar of Wakefield”(novel), “The Good-Natured Man”(comedy), “She stoops to Conquer”(comedy), “The Citizen of the World”(collection of essays)32.Sentimentalism（名词解释）
33.Thomas Gray——“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”（英国诗歌里非常著名的一首，曾经被誉为“有史以来英国诗歌里最好的一首”）(a representative of sentimentalism and graveyard school of poets墓园派诗人)* Graveyard School / Poets”: A term applied to eighteenth-century poets who wrote meditative poems, usually set in a graveyard, on the theme of human mortality, in moods which range from elegiac pensiveness to profound gloom.The vogue resulted in one of the most widely known English poems, Thomas Gray’s “Elegy written in a country churchyard”.The writing of graveyard poems spread from England to Continental literature in the second part of the century and also influenced some American poets.34.In the latter half of the 18th century, Pre-Romanticism;representative: William Blake and Robert Burns.35.Thomas Percy——“Reliques of Ancient English poetry”许多中古的民谣都是在这个时期重新收集和整理起来的，这个集子是那个时代比较有名的一个民谣集。
36.William Blake比较重要，需要对主要作品有所了解，特别是Songs of Innocence 和 Songs of Experience, 这两本集子的contrast一定要注意，另外Blake的写作特点也要注意，比如语言的简单明了，神秘主义氛围等。37.Robert Burns伟大的苏格兰民族诗人, A Red Red Rose, Scots Wha Hae, Auld Lang Syne等名诗，写作特点: Scottish dialect;a poet of peasant and Scottish people;plain language;influence from Scottish folk songs and ballads;musical quality of his poems.《英国文学史及选读》第二册练习题 I.浪漫主义时期
I.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets.1.English Romanticism is generally said to have begun with_____in 1798.A.the publication of Lyrical Ballads B.the death of Sir Scott C.the birth of William Wordsworth D.the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament 2.The Romantic Period is first of all an age of_____.A.Novel
B.poetry
C.drama
D.prose 3.Romanticism does not emphasize_____.A.the special qualities of each individual’s mind B.the inner world of the human spirit C.individuality D.the features that men have in common 4._____ is not a Romantic poet.A.William Blake
B.Sir Scott
C.P.B.Shelley
D.Lord Byron 5._____ is a Romantic novelist but is impressed with neo-classic strains.A.Walter Scott
B.Mary Shelley
C.Jane Austen
D.Ann Radcliff 6._____ is not characteristic of William Blake’s writing.A.plain and direct language
B.compression of meaning
C.supernatural quality
D.symbolism
7.Wordsworth published Lyrical Ballads in 1789 with _____.A.Byron
B.Coleridge
C.Shelley
D.Keats 8.Wordsworth thinks that _____ is the only subject of literary interest.A.the life of rising bourgeoisie B.aristocratic life C.the life of the royal family D.common life 9.Don Juan is the masterpiece of_____.A.Lord Byron’s
B.P.B.Shelley’s
C.John Keats’s
D.Samuel Coleridge’s 10._____ is not a novel written by Jane Austen.A.Jane Eyre
B.Sense and Sensibility
C.Pride and Prejudice D.Emma II.Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook.1.In essence, Romanticism designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the_____as the very center of all life and all experience.2.For the Romantics, _____ is not only the major source of poetic imagery, but also provides the dominant subject matter.3.Wordsworth is regarded as a “worshipper of _____.”
4.According to the subjects, Wordsworth’s short poems can be classified into two groups: poems about nature and poems about _____.5.Coleridge’s achievement as poet can be divided into two remarkably diverse groups: _____ and the conversational.6.As a leading Romanticist, Byron’s chief contribution is his creation of the “_____.” 7.“_____” is Shelley’s representative work.8._____ are generally regarded as Keats’s most important and mature work.9.“Beauty is truth, truth beauty” is a famous line in Keats’s “_____.” 10._____is the most delightful of Jane Austen’s work.III.Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in the brackets.()1.The Romantic period is also a great age of prose.()2.Romantics also tend to be nationalistic, defending their own literary heritage against the advocates of classical rules.()3.Coleridge has been rewarded as Poet Laureate.()4.Keats is one of the “Lake Poets.”
()5.Jane Austen is a typical Romantic writer.IV.Name the author of each of the following literary work.1.“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” 2.Songs of Innocence 3.“Ode to a Nightingale” 4.“A Song: Men of England” 5.The Prelude V.Define the literary terms listed below 1.Romanticism 2.Ode VI.For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1….Be through my lips to unawakened Earth.The trumpet of a prophecy!O, Wind, If winter comes, can Spring be far behind? 2.For oft, when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils.Keys: I.1.A
2.B 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.A
10.A II.1.individual
2.human life
3.nature
4.human life
5.the demonic
6.Byronic hero
7.Ode to the West Wind
8.The odes
9.Ode on a Grecian Urn 10.Pride and Prejudice III.1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.F IV.1.Coleridge
2.Blake
3.Keats
4.Shelley
5.Wordsworth V.1.Romanticism is a movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music and art in western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism.There have been many varieties of Romanticism in many different times and places.The leading features of Romantic movements are Wordsworth, Shelley, etc.2.Ode is a complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject.Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honour a person or a season or to commemorate an event.VI.1.It is taken from Shelley’s Ode to the West Wind.In this poem, Shelley eulogizes the powerful west wind and expresses his eagerness to enjoy the boundless freedom from the reality.In these last lines, the poet shows his optimistic spirit for the future.2.It is taken from Wordsworth’s “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.” The poet thinks that it is a bliss to recollect the beauty of nature in his mind while he is in solitude.He expresses his strong affecting for nature in the poem.II.维多利亚时期
I.Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets 1.The Victorian period roughly began at the enthronement of Queen Victoria in_____.A.1835
B.1836
C.1837
D.1838 2.The critical realists like Charles Dickens in the Victorian period wrote novels_____.A.representing the 18th century realist novel
B.criticizing the society C.defending the mass E.all the above 3._____is not a Victoria novelist.A.Charles DickensB.George Eliot C.William Makepeace ThackerayD.D.H.Lawrence 4._____ is not a work by Charles Dickens.A.Oliver Twist
B.David CopperfieldC.Middlemarch
D.A Tale of Two Cities 5.Wuthering Heights is a masterpiece written by_____.A.Charlotte Bronte
B.Emily Bront C.Anne Bronte
D.Branwell Bronte 6._____ is not Thomas Hardy’s work.A.The Mill on the Floss C.Jude the ObscureD.The Mayor of Casterbridge 7.“My Last Duchess” is _____.A.a dramatic monologue
B.a short lyricC.a novel
D.an essay 8.Tennyson’s “Ulysses” gets its inspiration from the following works or writers except_____.A.Homer’s Odessey
B.Joyce’s Ulysses C.Dante
D.Greek Mythology
9.In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend _____ appeared.And it flourished in the 1840s and in the early 1950s.A.romanticism
B.naturalism C.realism
D.critical realism 10.The title of the novel Vanity Fair was taken from_____.A.The Pilgrim’s Progress B.Childe Harold’s PilgrimageC.Gulliver’s TravelsD.The Canterbury Tales II.Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook 1.The aestheticists such as Oscar Wilde in the Victorian period advocated the theory of “_____.”
2.In the Victorian period, _____became the most widely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought.3.Charles Dickens is one of the greatest _____ writers of the Victorian Age.4.Tennyson’s poem “_____” is in memory of his bosom friend Arthur Hallam.5.Robert Browning is famous for his _____.6.George Eliot’s _____ is one of the most mature works in English literature.7.Tennyson’s famous dramatic monologue based on the story in Greek Mythology is “_____.” 8._____ is Dickens’ first child hero.9.Jane Eyre represents those_____-class working women who are struggling for recognition of their basic rights and equality as a human being.10.The most important poet of the Victorian Age was_____.Next to him were Robert Browning and his wife.III.Decide whether the following statements are true of false and write your answers in the brackets.()1.The Victorian period has been generally regarded as one of the most glorious in the English history.()2.Tennyson is famous for his aesthetic viewpoint of “art for art’s sake.”()3.Wuthering Heights is the masterpiece of Charlotte Bronte’s.()4.Browning’s “Meeting at Night” and “Parting at Morning” were originally one poem in dramatic monologue.()5.Naturalism has played an important part in Thomas Hardy’s work.IV.Name the author of each of the following literary works.1.The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club 2.The Tenant of Wildfell Hall 3.In Memoriam 4.The Mill on the Floss 5.The Return of the Native V.Define the literary terms listed below.1.Dramatic Monologue 2.Critical Realism VI.For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1.That same evening the gentleman in the white waistcoat most positively and decidedly affirmed, not only that Oliver would be hung, but that he would be drawn and quartered into the bargain.Mr.Bumble shoot his head with gloomy mystery, and said he wished he might come to good;where—unto Mr.Gamfield replied, that he wished he might come to him---which, although he agreed with the beadle in most matters, would seem to be a wish of a totally opposite description.The next morning, the public were once more informed that Oliver Twist was again To Let, and that five pounds would be paid to anybody who would take possession of him.2.Thus, neither having the clue to the other’s secret, they were respectively puzzled at what each revealed, and awaited new knowledge of each other’s character and moods without attempting to pry into each other’s history.Every day, every hour, brought to him one more little stroke of her nature, and to her one more of his.Tess was trying to lead a repressed life, but she little divined the strength of her own vitality.Keys: I.1.B 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.A
7.A
8.B 9.D 10.A II.1.art for art’s sake
2.the novel
3.critical realist
4.Break, Break, Break
5.dramatic monologue
6.Middlemarch
7.Ulysses
8.Oliver Twist
9.middle
10.Tennyson III.1.T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.T IV.1.Charles Dickens
2.Anne Bronte
3.Alfred Tennyson
4.George Eliot
5.Thomas Hardy V.1.Dramatic Monologue is a kind of narrative poem in which one character speaks to one or more listeners whose replies are not given in the poem.The occasion is usually a crucial one In the speaker’s personality as well as the incident that is the subjects of the poem.An example of a dramatic monologue is “My Last Duchess” by Robert Browning.2.Critical Realism is a literary movement in the 19th century.It sticks to the principal of faithful representation of the 18th century realistic novel and carries its duty forward to the criticism of the society and the defense of the mass.The representative figures are Dickens, the Bronte’s, etc.VI.1.It is taken from Charles Dickens’s Oliver Twist.This part describes how Oliver is punished for asking for more to eat and how he is therefore sold at three pound ten to a notorious chimney-sweeper.It reveals that the pitiable state of the orphan boy and the cruelty and hypocrisy of the workhouse board.2.It is taken from Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’Urbervilles.This part describes how Tess forgets about her past misfortune in the beautiful, pastoral dairy farm and unconsciously gives herself up to the attraction of Angel Clare.III.现代时期
I.Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets 1.Modernism takes_____as its theoretical base.A.the irrational philosophy
B.the theory of psycho-analysis
C.both A and B
D.neither A nor B 2.Modernism rose out of_____.A.skepticism
B.disillusion of capitalism
C.irrational philosophy
D.al the above 3.Modernism is, in many aspects, a reaction against_____.A.romanticism
B.Realism
C.post-modernism
D.all the above 4._____is not a movement in the modern period.A.“the Angry Young Men”
B.“the Beat Generation”
C.“the Lost Generation”
D.“the Theater of the Absurd” 5._____ is not a representative figure in applying the technique of “the stream of consciousness” in his/her writing.A.D.H.Lawrence
B.James Joyce
C.Virginia Woolf
D.Dorothy Richardson 6.Waiting for Godot is regarded as the most famous and influential play of the Theater of Absurd.It is written by_____.A.George Bernard Shaw
B.Samuel Beckett
C.John Galsworthy
D.Eugene O’ Neill 7.The Waste Land is_____’s most important single poem.A.Ezra Pound
B.William Butler Yeats
C.Alfred Tennyson
D.T.S.Eliot 8._____ is not D.H.Lawrence’s work.A.Finnegans Wake
B.Sons and Lovers
C.Lady Chatterley’s Lover
D.The Rain Bow 9._____ is not James Joyce’s novel.A.Ulysses
B.A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man C.Dubliners
D.Finnegans Wake 10.“The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock” is written by_____.A.W.H.Auden
B.D.H.Lawrence
C.W.B.Yeats
D.T.S.Eliot
II.Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook 1.The French_____, appearing in the late 19th century, heralded modernism.2.Modernism rejects_____, which is the theoretical base of realism.3.In stimulating the technical innovations of novel creation, the theory of the Freudian and Jungian_____played a particularly important role.4.Most of Bernard Shaw’s plays are concerned with political, economic, moral, or religious problems, and, thus, can be termed as_____.5._____is famous for his frank discussion of “sex” in his works.6.John Galsworthy’s trilogy is named_____.7._____, an American Poet, took English Citizenship in 1927, and became a devout member of Anglican Church.8._____is Eliot’s most important poetry, revealing the spiritual decadency and meaninglessness of life of the 20th century.9.Most of Joyce’s works are concerning the life of his hometown_____.10.Joyce’s “Araby” is a short story in his collection_____.III.Decide whether the following statements are true of false and write your answers in the brackets.()1.The rise of modern poetry was, in some sense, a revolution against the conventional ideas and forms of the Romantic poetry.()2.Writers like E.M.Forster and D.H.Lawrence are still conventional writers, as in their works, old traditions are still there.()3.John Galsworthy has been awarded Nobel Prize for literature.()4.John Galsworthy is a conventional writer, inheriting the fine traditions of the great Victorian novelists of the critical realism such as Dickens.()5.James Joyce is a prolific writer, creating a great number of famous works.IV.Name the author of each of the following literary works.1.Modernism 2.Angry Young Men V.Define the literary terms listed below.1.Pygmalion 2.“Sailing to Byzantium” 3.Woman in Love 4.Ulysses 5.The Man of Property VI.For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1.I will arise and go now, for always night and day
I hear lake water lapping with low sounds by the shore;
While I stand on the roadway, or on the pavements gray，I hear it in the deep heart’s core.2.Now she began to combat in his restless fretting.He still kept up his connexion with Miriam, could neither break free nor go the whole length of engagement.And this indecision seemed to bleed him of his energy.Moreover.His mother suspected him of an unrecognized leaning towards Clara, and, since the latter was a married woman, she wished he would fall in love with one of the girls in a better station of life.But he was stupid, and would refuse to love or even to admire a girl much, just because she was his social superior.Keys: I.1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A
6.B 7.D 8.A
9.C 10.D II.1.Symbolism
2.rationalism
3.psycho-analysis
4.problem plays 5.D.H.Lawrence 6.The Forsyte Saga
7.T.S.Eliot
8.The Waste Land 9.Dublin
10.Dubliners III.1.F 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.F IV.1.Modernism is a movement in the 20th century.It takes the irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis as its theoretical base and in many aspects is a reaction against realism.2.Angry Young Men is a phrase applied to a number of British playwrights and novelists from the mid-1950s, who described various forms of social alienation and whose political views were radical and anarchic.V.1.Bernard Shaw
2.W.B.Yeats
3.D.H.Lawrence
4.James Joyce
5.John Galsworthy VI.1.It is taken from Yeats’s “The lake Isle of Innisfree.” In this poem, Yeats expresses his longing to escape from the city life and to live a secluded life by describing the peaceful, tranquil scene of the lake Isle of Innisfree, a legendary place for hermitage.2.It is taken from D.H.Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers.Paul has love affairs with two girls, Miriam and Clara.But he is so dependent on his mother’s love and help that he fails to achieve a fulfilling relationship with either girl.English Literature
(Book II)
Romanticis
1.Romanticism（名词解释）要对浪漫主义兴起的时间，根源，主要特点，主要代表作家都有所了解。
2.William Wordsworth要知道他的 “Lyrical Ballads”前言是英国浪漫主义时期开始的标志，也是宣言。Lake Poets（名词解释）。他诗歌的主要两类题材：nature and common people’s lives。
写过的著名作品：I wandered lonely as a cloud;To the cuckoo;Lines composed a few miles above Tintern Abbey;The solitary reaper;We are seven 等等。
3.Samuel Taylor Coleridge两首名诗：The Rime of the Ancient Mariner;Kubla Khan主要写作supernatural题材。4.George Gordon Byron，Byronic Heroes(名词解释);著名作品：Child Harold’s Pilgrimage要知道大致内容，另外此诗用Spenserian Stanza写成；Don Juan要知道大致内容。
5.Percy Bysshe Shelley著名作品：Queen Mab;The Revolt of Islam;Prometheus Unbound（lyrical drama，要知道大致内容及此剧与古希腊的“被束缚的普罗米修斯”不同之处及其意义。）其它名作: Ode to the West Wind;To a skylark等等。
6.John Keats著名作品：Ode to Autumn;Ode to a Nightingale;Ode on a Grecian Urn”。注意Keats与Byron和Shelley的不同，Keats的诗歌没有两人那么强的革命性，他的诗歌主要是为了缔造一个唯美的世界，为了追求美而写作的。7.Charles Lamb：The Essays of Elia(humorous, archaisms, quotations from other writers)8.Walter Scott: founder and great master of the historical novel;his death marks the ending of Romantic Period in English literature;famous novels: Rob Roy, Ivanhoe;features of his novels.English Critical Realism 9.Critical Realism批判现实主义，要知道它兴起的时间，历史背景，主要代表人物及主要特点。
10.Charles Dickens主要作品: The Pickwick Papers(first novel);Oliver Twist;Dombey and Son;David Copperfield;A Tales of Two Cities等等，对这些主要作品除了第一部以外剩下的要对情节，主要人物形象，主题及其意义有所了解，另外要知道狄更斯的小说的特色。
11.William Makepeace Thackeray主要作品即Vanity Fair要知道这个题目出自John Bunyan的The Pilgrim’s Progress，另外小说的副标题 “A novel without a hero”的意思，小说的情节，主题，人物形象都要了解。
12.Jane Austen主要作品：Pride and Prejudice其它5部小说知道名字即可，对于《傲慢与偏见》简单看一下它的情节和主要人物。Austen的写作特点：thin plot, mostly everyday life of simple country society;good at writing young girls;modest satire;witty dialogues。
13.Charlotte Bronte主要作品Jane Eyre，要知道其情节和意义，另外简爱的人物形象也比较重要。
14.Emily Bronte主要作品Wuthering Heights，情节，人物形象及意义。勃朗特姐妹的小说虽然写作在批判现实主义时期，但其作品有明显的浪漫主义特色，比如包含的一些supernatural elements，特别体现在呼啸山庄中。15.George Eliot主要作品: Adam Bede, The Mill on Floss.Prose-writers and poets of the mid and later 19th century
16.Alfred Tennyson主要作品: In Memoriam, The Idylls of the Kings；有名的短诗Break, Break, Break;Crossing the bar等，此人政治态度保守，作品追求形式上的完美，富于音乐性和色彩。
17.Robert Browning introduced dramatic monologue to poetry.His famous poems: “Home-thoughts from abroad” etc.Elizabeth Barrett Browning: “Sonnets from the Portuguese”.18.Aestheticism唯美主义（名词解释）Oscar Wilde主要作品，写作特点及其意义简要了解。
Twentieth Century English Literature
19.John Galsworthy: 主要作品 “The Forsyte Saga”注意这是两个trilogy构成的，可不是一本小说，其中比较重要的是 “The Man of Property”就是书上介绍的那一部，要知道此部小说主人公的名字，以及这个主人公的性格，和小说主题。
20.George Bernard Shaw主要作品Mrs Warren’s Profession和Major Babara，对他作品的主要人物，情节，主题和意义要了解，他是比较重要的一个作家。
21.T.S.Eliot比较重要，特别是他的The Waste Land要知道包括哪几个部分，大概是什么情节，有什么象征意义，主题是什么，有什么写作特点。另外他著名的文章Tradition and the Individual Talent被认为是manifesto of modernist poetry.22.Modernist fiction put emphasis on the description of the characters’ psychological activities under the influence of Austrian doctor Sigmund Freud’s theories.23.D.H.Lawrence重点作品Sons and Lovers这个作品明显受到弗洛伊德影响，特别是其中体现的Oedipus complex，对其人物，主题要有了解；The Rainbow及其续篇Women in Love要有简单了解，特别是对其主题。Lady Chatterley’s Lover简单了解即可。劳伦斯的思想特点以及局限性要了解。
24.Stream-of-consciousness（名词解释）25.James Joyce其它作品简单了解，但Ulysses非常重要，需要知道题目来源，题目的含义，小说的主人公和情节，以及主题。
26.Virginia Woolf重要的意识流作家，主要作品要指导。书上主要介绍的是Mrs.Dalloway，其实她的其它几部作品特别是To the Lighthouse也比较出名，需要了解一下。
第四篇：英国文学史及选读中文版
英语专业《英国文学》复习要点
教材名称：英国文学史主编：刘炳善出版社：上海外语教育出版社
第一章 古英语和中古英语时期
1、古英语时期是指英国国家和英语语言的形成时期。最早的文学形式是诗歌，以口头形式流传，主要的诗人是吟游诗人。到基督教传入英国之后，一些诗歌才被记录下来。这一时期最重要的文学作品是英国的民族史诗《贝奥武夫》，用头韵体写成。
2、古英语时期（1066—1500）从1066年诺曼人征服英国，到1500年前后伦敦方言发展成为公认的现代英语。文学作品主要的形式有骑士传奇，民谣和诗歌。在几组骑士传奇中，有关英国题材的是亚瑟王和他的圆桌骑士的冒险故事，其中《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》代表了骑士传奇的最高成就。中世纪文学中涌现了大量的优秀民谣，最具代表性的是收录在一起的唱咏绿林英雄罗宾汉的民谣。
3、最重要的诗人是被称为“英国诗歌之父”的乔叟，代表作是《坎特伯雷故事集》，取得了很高的艺术成就。他首创了诗歌的双韵体—每两行压韵的五步抑扬格，后被许多英国诗人采用。乔叟用伦敦方言写作，奠定了用英语语言进行文学创作的基础，促进了英语语言文学的发展。
第二章 文艺复兴时期
1.文艺复兴运动源于14世纪的意大利，后遍及欧洲各国，在英国兴起较晚。“文艺复兴”一词原意是指古希腊，罗马文学艺术的复苏，但事实上决不是简单的对古希腊罗马文学艺术的学习模仿。文艺复兴运动的核心思想是人文主义思想，表现为尊重人的尊严和力量，关注现世生活，鼓励人们对幸福生活的追求。代表的是新兴资产阶级反封建，反教会的思想和要求。文艺复兴运动的思想家，人文主义者是托马斯·莫尔（Thomas More），他的作品《乌托邦》描绘了一个理想的未来社会，他因此被认为是空想社会主义的先驱。
2.文艺复兴时期的英国文学得到了空前的发展，在诗歌，散文和戏剧方面尤其兴盛。
诗歌方面，新的诗体形式如十四行诗，无韵体诗被介绍到英国。重要的诗人有Philip Sidney，他不仅写了许多优美的十四行诗，还创作了最早的诗歌理论作品之一《诗辩》。Edmund Spenser用斯宾塞诗节创作了著名长诗《仙后》。莎士比亚除了戏剧创作之外也是一位伟大诗人，著有两部叙事诗，两部长诗和154首十四行诗。
英文的《圣经钦定本》作成于1611年，不仅具有重大的宗教意义，也是一部伟大的文学作品，并且对英国的语言文化产生了深远的影响。它的纯朴，平易，明晰的散文风格奠定了英国散文的传统。一个著名的哲学家兼散文家是Francis Bacon，他的文学著作主要有《随笔》，收录了他在各个时期发表的58篇随笔，思想深刻，文笔简洁，富有警句格言。
3.戏剧代表文艺复兴时期英国文学的最高成就。主要戏剧家有马洛（Christopher Marlowe）, 莎士比亚（W.Shakespeare）。
4.分析莎士比亚的喜剧作品〈威尼斯商人〉中鲍西亚这一人物形象；分析哈姆雷特的人物性格特点及其所代表的人文主义思想。
第三章 17世纪的英国文学
1． 17世纪是英国社会剧烈动荡的时期之一，由于君主专制和资产阶级之间的矛盾，爆发了1642年的内战并导致了1688年的“光荣革命”。与政治斗争和资产阶级革命思想紧密相连的是宗教斗争和清教徒思想。因此这一时期的文学和艺术多展示革命思想的发展与成长，并带有浓厚的清教主义倾向。两个代表作家是弥尔顿和班扬。弥尔顿的代表作〈失乐园〉和班扬的代表作〈天路历程〉都取材于〈圣经〉。〈天路历程〉是一部寓言作品，用“基督徒”到达天国的历程象征人类追求美好未来的进程。
2． 讲述〈失乐园〉的故事梗概，分析撒旦的形象及其所表现的作者思想的双重性。
第四章 18世纪的英国文学
1． 18世纪产生了一种进步思潮—启蒙运动，这一时期的思想家和作家们崇尚理性，认为启蒙教化是改造社会的基本手段，因此18世纪又被称为“理性的时代”。在文学领域体现为18世纪上半期的新古典主义，代表作家有诗人蒲伯（A.Pope）和期刊随笔的创始人斯梯尔(R.Steele)和艾迪生(J.Addison)。
2． 18中期兴起了英国现代小说，出现了大批有影响的小说家。理查逊(Samuel Richardson)的小说
〈帕美拉〉(Pamela)采用书信体形式对人物的心理活动进行细致的描写，大大丰富了小说的创作方法。哥尔德史密斯(Oliver Goldsmith)的〈威克菲牧师传〉(The Vicar of Wakefield)是英国文学史上著名的感伤小说之一。劳伦斯斯特恩(Laurence Sterne)打破传统的叙事方法，创作了〈项迪传〉，而被认为是英国现代派文学的先驱。
3． 迪福（Daniel Defoe）是英国文学史上第一个现实主义小说家，代表作是〈鲁滨逊漂流记〉。讲述
故事情节并分析鲁滨逊这一人物形象。
4． 斯威夫特是英国文学史上著名的讽刺小说家，以犀利的文笔对教会和社会的虚伪腐败进行了辛辣的讽刺。代表作是〈格列佛游记〉，讲述故事情节并分析作品的主题。
5． 菲尔丁是英国最杰出的小说家之一，在理论与实践上都为英国小说的发展作出了贡献。在他的代
表作〈汤姆·琼斯〉中，他塑造了众多栩栩如生的人物，展示了错综复杂的社会矛盾。讲述故事情节，分析主题和主要人物形象
第五章 19世纪的英国文学
19世纪英国文学主要包括上半期的浪漫主义时期和中后期的批判现实主义小说。
1． 布来克和罗伯特·彭斯属于前浪漫主义诗人。布来克的代表作品有〈天真之歌〉和〈经验之歌〉。
彭斯是著名的苏格兰民族诗人，写了很多脍炙人口的歌颂友谊，爱情，自由，平等的诗歌，其中〈一朵红红的玫瑰〉广为流传。
2． 浪漫主义全盛时期以华滋华斯与柯律维治联合发表〈抒情歌谣集〉为开始，到瓦尔特斯各特的逝
世为止，主要文学成就为诗歌，涌现了华滋华斯为代表的“湖畔派”诗人和拜伦，雪莱，济慈等富有革命理想，颂扬自由与解放的诗人。
3． 以〈抒情歌谣集〉序言为例，分析总结浪漫主义诗歌的艺术特点与原则。
4． 讲述〈被缚的普罗米修斯〉的故事情节并分析主题思想。
5． 19世纪中后期的批判现实主义作家真实地描写了英国资产阶级的社会生活，暴露和批判了资产阶
级社会的罪恶，对人民群众寄予了深刻的同情。狄更斯是英国最杰出的批判现实主义小说家，善于描写社会底层人们的生活和思想，作品题材广泛，思想深刻；萨克雷则善于描写上层社会形形色色的人物。
6． 概述Oliver Twist的故事情节并分析主题思想。
7． 概述〈名利场〉的故事梗概，分析主题思想并对比两个主要的女性人物形象。
8． 批判现实主义女性小说家及她们的代表作品：Charlotte Bronte, Emily Bronte, Mrs.Gaskell,George Eliot。分析简·爱这一人物形象并分析小说的主题思想。
9． 托马斯·哈代是19世纪末20世纪初英国最伟大的现实主义小说家，他称自己的作品是“性格与
环境的小说”。代表作品是〈德伯家的苔丝〉。概述故事情节并分析主题思想。
第六章 20世纪的现代派作家
人们对西方文明的危机感和第二次世界大战的恶果促成了西方现代派文学的形成。主要表现为意识流小说，代表作家有詹姆斯乔伊斯和弗洁尼亚沃尔夫。乔伊斯的小说〈尤利西斯〉描写的是现代都市居民庸俗，猥琐的精神生活。弗洁尼亚的〈到灯塔去〉则运用了娴熟的象征手法和意识流技巧。
第五篇：英国戏剧选读教学大纲
英国戏剧选读教学大纲
一、课程性质和任务
英国戏剧是英国文学的一个重要组成部分。英国戏剧选读课程是英语专业硕士研究生（英美文学方向）必修的主要专业课。英国戏剧选读教学对于硕士研究生提高思想素质和科学文化素质，掌握英国文学专业知识和技能，形成综合专业能力和创新研究能力，以及今后的学习和发展，具有重要的作用。
英国戏剧选读要使硕士研究生在了解并尊重国外优秀文化传统的同时，更好地理解和热爱中华民族的优秀文化传统，提高思想品德修养，形成健全的人格，树立爱国主义思想，开发学生的英国戏剧的阅读理解能力和欣赏批判能力，为学生的英美文学的学习研究打下良好的基础。
二、课程教学目标
英美文学方向的英国戏剧选读课程的教学目标是：在本科英美文学简史和选读的基础上，使学生巩固，扩大英国戏剧的基础知识，培养对英国戏剧理解、欣
行英国戏剧的评论的能力和继续学习的能力；激发和培养学生的学习兴趣，帮助学生树立自信心，养成良好的学习习惯，提高自主学习的能力，形成有效的学习策略；开发智力，培养观察，记忆思维，想像和创造能力；了解文化差异，培养爱国主义精神，增强世界意识；还要使学生得到英国戏剧评论写作的训练，为学生进一步学习打好基础。
三、教学内容
（一）英国戏剧导论
1、莎士比亚以前的英国戏剧
2、莎士比亚
3、从莎士比亚到谢立丹的英国戏剧
4、谢立丹以后的英国戏剧
5、王尔德和肖伯纳
（二）英国戏剧批评方法简介
1、情节，背景，人物，矛盾冲突；主题，语言风格；戏剧高潮，对话，独白，旁白，戏剧反讽等；
2、心理分析，社会批评，历史批评，伦理批评，本体论等。
（三）作品选读
1、精读（课堂）
①莎士比亚：
1）Hamlet
2）Romeo and Juliet ②谢立丹：The School of Scandal ③肖伯纳：Mrs Warren’s Profession ④王尔德：Lady Windermere’s Fan
2、泛读（课外）1）马娄（Marlowe）： ①Tamburlaine，②The Jew of Malta，2）莎士比亚： ① Othello，② King Lear ③ Macbethy ④ The Merchant of Venice ⑤ As You Like It ⑥ Mid-summmer Night’s Dream ⑦ Twelfth Night ⑧Henry IV ⑨ Henry V ⑩ The Tempest 3）王尔德： ① An Ideal Husband ② The Importance of Being Earnest ③ A woman of No Importance 4）肖伯纳： ① Arms and the Man ② The Devil’s Desciple ③ Heartbreak House ④ Major Barbara ⑤ Pygmalion ⑥ Windowers’ Houses
（四）英国戏剧评论写作简介
四、教学安排
要求所教学时数为40学时，一般安排在第一学年第一学期，每周安排2学时。
五、教学评价
教学评价应着眼于促进学生全面素质和综合专业知识和研究能力的提高，坚持形成性评价和终结性评价并重的原则，使学生在评价过程中学会自主学习和创新研究，同时使评价成为改进教学的一种信息反馈方式。
测试是检查学生学习研究水平和获得教学反馈信息的重要手段。组织测试时既要考查学生的基础知识，更要考查学生的理解和评论的能力。测试形成应包括笔试，口试和课程论文。
六、教学中应注意的问题
（一）体现学生的主体地位，发挥导师的指导作用 在学习过程中，要始终体现学生的主 体地位，应充分发挥学生的主动性和积极性，激发学生的学习兴趣，营造宽松，和谐的学习氛围。要帮助学生养好良好的学习习惯，培养学生自主学习和科研的意识和能力。
（二）在坚持基本要求的前提下，教学要结合不同学生的实际情况，使不同程度的学生都能发挥潜能，学有所得。
（三）积极开展课外活动，提高学生的学习研究兴趣，研究的能力，扩展学习研究的深度和广度。提倡重在参与，培养合作精神。课外活动应采用多种形式，如台词朗诵，戏剧片断演出等。教师应在活动中给予必要的指导和帮助。
（四）充分利用现代化教育资源，开拓学习研究渠道，改善教学环境，借助广播电视，英语报刊杂志，因特网等大众媒体，培养学生自主学习和研究能力，增加教学的开放性。
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