3.3 以畜牧业主的农业地域类型 预案 人教版必修二

第一篇：3.3 以畜牧业主的农业地域类型 预案 人教版必修二

第三节以畜牧业主的农业地域类型（预案）

【预习目标】

1、了解大牧场放牧业和畜牧业两种农业地域类型及其分布。

2、归纳阿根廷大牧场放牧业的区位条件和发展措施。

3、归纳西欧乳畜业的形成因素。

【自主预习】

一、大牧场放牧业

1、分布地区：美国、、澳大利亚、、南非等国

2、自然条件：大面积的干旱、气候区。这些地区草场，不适宜经营业，只能用于放牧牲畜。

3、主要特点：生产规模、专业化程度

4、畜牧品种：美国、阿根廷：牧为主 ；澳大利亚、新西兰、南非：养主 为

5、读教材案例4第一段，用潘帕斯草原的大牧场放牧业的例子，归纳大牧场放牧业这种农业地域类型的区位条件？

6、、读教材案例4第三段，归纳阿根廷的大牧场放牧业发展措施有哪些？

二、乳畜业

1、概念：随着城市发展而形成的面向市场的商品化、化畜牧业地域类型

2、生产对象：

3、主要产品：牛奶及其制品

4、分布：北美洲五大湖周围地区、、中欧、以及澳大利亚、新西兰等地

5、区位要求：接近

6、结合教材P52页活动，从饲料和市场两个方面分析西欧乳畜业的形成因素。

【自我检测】

1、世界著名的大牧场放牧业的共同特点是（）

A、生产规模大、专业化程度高B、属于粗放的农业

C、牧牛业占有重要地位D、只出现在发达国家

2、大牧场放牧业中牧羊占有重要地位的国家有（）Ａ、美国、澳大利亚、新西兰Ｂ、南非、澳大利亚、新西兰

Ｃ、美国、澳大利亚、南非Ｄ、阿根廷、南非、新西兰

3、潘帕斯草原所属的国家是（）

A、德国B、蒙古C、新西兰D、阿根廷

4、关于潘帕斯草原大牧场放牧业区位条件的选择，欠妥的是（）

A、气候温和，草类茂盛B、地广人稀，土地租金很低

C、距海港较近，交通方便D、经济发达，本地有广阔的消费市场

5、西欧是世界上重要的乳畜业分布地区，有关其叙述正确的是（）

A．西欧乳畜业的分布与当地经济发展水平无关

B．西欧乳畜业主要是牧羊

C．西欧乳畜业分布区，气候温凉，多雨多雾，只能种植多汁牧草，不能种植其他作物

D．西欧乳畜业机械化水平高，缓解了劳动力短缺问题

6、下列有关西欧乳畜农场的叙述,正确的是（）①农场规模以大型为主②农场主要为家庭经营

③农场生产机械化程度不高④农场一般用篱笆隔成许多围场

A.①②B.③④C.①③D.②④

第三节以种植业为主的农业地域类型（预案）答案

1.A 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.D6.D

第二篇：人教版高中地理必修二以畜牧业为主的农业地域类型教案

一、单项选择题

1．商品谷物农业和大牧场放牧业进行大规模生产的共同条件是（）①有大面积可供开发的土地 ②有热量充足、降水丰沛的气候 ③地广人稀 ④有便利的交通运输 A．①②③

C．②④

【答案】 B 【解析】 热量充足，降水丰沛的气候不属于商品谷物农业和大牧场放牧业的条件。

2．农业区位选择必须充分考虑交通运输条件的有（）A．种植业和林业

C．园艺业、乳畜业

【答案】 C 【解析】 园艺业、乳畜业与交通运输密切相关。

3．阿根廷有农产品出口到埃及，最短的海上运输线经过（）A．大西洋、直布罗陀海峡 B．开普敦附近、印度洋、红海 C．巴拿马运河、直布罗陀海峡 D．莫桑比克海峡、苏伊士运河 【答案】 A 【解析】 阿根廷到埃及最短的海上路线是横渡大西洋进入地中海的航线。

4．能使土壤肥力得到保持和提高的措施是()

B．畜牧业、渔业 D．林业、渔业 B．①③④ D．①④ A．刀耕火种 B．多施化肥、农药 C．常施农家肥

D．连续几年种植同一种农作物 【答案】 C 【解析】 常施农家肥可使土壤有机质得到及时补充。5．从农业经营方式来看（）A．墨累——达令盆地主要是家庭农场经营 B．美国的谷物农业主要由集体农庄经营 C．阿根廷的牧牛业主要由国家经营 D．亚洲的水稻种植主要由大农场经营 【答案】 A 【解析】 亚洲水稻种植以家庭为单位，小规模经营，西方国家农业主要以家庭农场经营为主。

(2012·青岛一中高一检测)读某地农业生产联系示意图，回答6～7题。

6．图示农业地域类型是（）A．园艺业

B．游牧业

C．混合农业

D．大牧场放牧业 7．下列地区为该农业地域类型典型分布区的是（）A．恒河平原南部 B．波德平原北部 C．拉普拉塔平原南部 D．墨累—达令河流域南部 【答案】 6.D 7.C 【解析】 第6题，据图看出，该区农业以畜牧业为主，结构单一，且产品主要流向市场，商品率很高。可判定该农业地域类型为大牧场放牧业。第7题，拉普拉塔平原南部即为阿根廷潘帕斯草原，发展大牧场放牧业，A项为季风水田农业，B项为乳畜业，D项为混合农业。

下图为“澳大利亚农牧业地带示意图”，读图完成第8～9题。

8．对Ⅰ地带自然条件的描述，正确的有（）①地形以高原、平原为主，地势起伏小 ②地下水资源较丰富

③全部为热带草原气候，草原辽阔 ④沿海有暖流流经 A．①②

C．①③

B．③④ D．②④ 9．与Ⅳ地带比较，Ⅱ地带发展畜牧业的最大优势是（）A．草场资源丰富

C．土地租金低

【答案】 8.A 9.D 【解析】 第8题，Ⅰ地带常年受副热带高气压带控制，降水少，以草原和沙漠为主；地势东西两侧高，中间较低，地下水较丰富；其西侧为西澳大利亚寒流。第9题，Ⅱ地带人口、城市密集，畜牧业市场广阔。

读下图，回答10～12题。

B．科技水平高 D．靠近市场

10．该气候类型在世界上分布最典型地区的农业地域类型是（）A．季风水田农业

C．大牧场放牧业

【答案】 D 【解析】 根据气温和降水可判断该气候类型属温带海洋性气

B．商品谷物农业 D．乳畜业 候，乳畜业是其典型的农业地域类型。

11．该农业地域类型在该地区发展的主要区位因素是（）①该气候有利于多汁牧草的生长 ②城市众多，消费市场广阔 ③劳动力丰富 ④机械化水平低 A．①②

C．③④

【答案】 A 【解析】 饲料和市场是乳畜业的主要区位因素。12．该农业地域类型在我国主要分布在（）A．内蒙古草原 B．珠江三角洲

C．北京、上海等大城市周围 D．东北平原 【答案】 C 【解析】 乳畜业在我国主要分布在大城市周围。(2012·天津南开中学高一检测)读下图，回答13～15题。

B．②③ D．②④

13．图中的四个国家均有典型的放牧业，其中以牧牛业为主的是（）A．①

C．③

B．②

D．④

14．在国家③中，哪条铁路的修建改善了畜产品的外运（）A．Ⅰ

C．Ⅲ

B．Ⅱ

D．Ⅳ

15．上述四国中，既有发达的大牧场放牧业又有发达的商品谷物农业的是（）A．①

C．①③

【答案】 13.C 14.A 15.C 【解析】 本题组主要考查学生结合所学知识进行读图分析的能力。第13题，①为澳大利亚，混合农业比较典型，以牧羊为主；②为新西兰，乳畜业发达，以养羊为主；③为阿根廷，大牧场放牧业发达，以牧牛为主；④为南非，以养羊为主。第14题，阿根廷为发展牧牛业采取了多项措施，其中贯穿东西的铁路对改善牛肉外运作用最大。第15题，图示四国中，澳大利亚和阿根廷具有大牧场放牧业和商品谷物农业的有利条件。

某农业类型投入劳动力数量少但商品率较高，其种植业与畜牧业所占比重如图所示，据此完成16～17题。

B．②③ D．①④

16．该地区的农业地域类型为（）A．季风水田农业

C．大牧场放牧业

B．混合农业 D．商品谷物农业

17．提高该地区土地载畜量的合理措施是（）A．提高机械化水平B．充分利用水资源 C．建设高质量的人工草场 D．合理开垦当地土地 【答案】 16.C 17.C 【解析】 第16题，由于该地区种植业比重与畜牧业比重相差大，以畜牧业为主，且商品率高，应为大牧场放牧业；第17题，建设人工草场，种植饲料，可以减小草场的压力，提高载畜量。

二、综合题

18．阅读以下材料，回答问题：

材料一 欧洲、北美洲、南非、澳大利亚以及新西兰等地一些地区，农业生产将谷物生产和牲畜饲养有机结合起来，种植小麦、玉米等谷物以及牧草和饲料作物，饲养的主要牲畜是牛、羊等。

材料二 我国广大农耕区生产谷物的同时，也饲养猪、羊、兔以及各种家畜。珠江三角洲因地制宜将甘蔗、果树、桑蚕的生产与养鱼有机地结合起来。

材料三 西欧平原广阔，大部分地区为温带海洋性气候，很适合多汁牧草的生长，农场规模以中小型为主。农场主要归农民所有，并由农民及其家人经营，种植牧草及饲料作物、户外放牧、日常挤奶是农民的三项主要工作。

(1)材料一所述的农业地域类型是____________，澳大利亚此类农业分布在国土的______________和__________的草原地区，农场成为一个良性的农业生态系统。

(2)材料二所述两地区的农业地域类型与材料一是否相同？ 广大农耕区：________________；珠江三角洲地区：_________ ___________。

(3)材料三所述的农业地域类型是__________；该类农业生产的对象是__________；农场经营的方式是__________，影响该农业生产的两个重要因素是______________和______________________。

【答案】(1)混合农业 东南部 西南部(2)不相同 相同(3)乳畜业 奶牛 家庭经营 市场 饲料供应

19．读下面“美国农业生产地域类型图”，分析回答下列问题。

(1)图中属于商品谷物农业的是________，种植的作物主要是________和________，其优势区位条件有：优越的自然条件、先进的农业科学技术、机械化水平高、________、________、________等。

(2)属于大牧场放牧业的是________，这里有大面积的________气候区。

(3)属于乳畜业的是________，五大湖地区密集的城市为其提供了可靠的________保证。

(4)西欧适宜发展乳畜业的有利条件有____________________。【答案】(1)B 小麦 玉米 地广人稀 市场广阔 交通运输便利(2)A 干旱、半干旱(3)C 市场

(4)消费市场广阔、气候适宜、饲料供应充足、现代化水平高 20．读下面“南美洲南部降水分布与气温曲线图”，完成下列问题。

(1)阿根廷潘帕斯草原(B处)的农业地域类型是________。(2)与我国内蒙古自治区相比较，该地区气候上的优势是________，地理位置上的优势是________。

(3)该草原发展大牧场放牧业的区位优势有：①______；②________；③________。

(4)为促进牧牛业的发展，当地人主要做了哪些工作？

(5)阿根廷的新鲜牛肉可供应到西欧人的餐桌上，主要是由于人类发明了______________，其反映了____________改善和________的发展，使市场对农业区位的影响在地域上大为扩展。【答案】(1)大牧场放牧业

(2)气候温和，降水较多 靠近海港，交通便利

(3)气候温和，草类茂盛 地广人稀，土地租金低 距海港近，交通便利

(4)①围栏放牧，划区轮牧，种植饲料，打机井保证人畜饮水和牧草生长用水等；②饲养良种牛，加强对良种牛的培育，以及对牛群病害的研究。

(5)海上冷冻船 交通运输条件 农产品保鲜、冷藏技术

第三篇：人教必修3检测参考答案

2014届补习中心文言文单元求实检测题参考答案（必修3）

1、C、（A、dì应为tì/揭竿为旗B、藩篱、良将劲弩D、用心躁也度长絜大）

2、答案：C.（爱，吝惜；传，古代解释经书的文字）

3、A、于是，就/竟然（B 被 C 兼词，于之 D 表凭借，用来）

4、D 趁，趁机（A 险固/顽固B 遗留下的/遗失 C 攻取/尽，完）

5、C 定语后置句。其他都是宾语前置句。

6、A。荀子的“性恶论” 思想核心是“仁”不当）

7．B ．“吊”应为“慰问”

8．A 解析：①②③④从不同侧面写出正义战争是人民渴望并拥护的；⑤齐宣王伐燕的本意并不是救民于水火，而是想称霸天下；⑥这是孟子对这次战争后果的分析。

9．A 解析：B项文中“民以为”说明老百姓误以为齐王是来拯救自己的，因而表示欢迎，实际并非如此；C项孟子认为天下的人本来就害怕齐国的强大，如今地盘扩大而不施仁政，会激怒天下人兴兵问罪；D项文中“及时雨”是比喻商汤伐桀，“谋于燕众”是孟子为齐王指出的解决眼前危机的途径之一。

10．(1)为什么(不先征伐我们这里，而要)把我们放到后面呢？（“奚为”1分，“后”1分）

(2)百姓都以为您会把他们从水深火热中拯救出来，所以用竹筐盛了饭，用瓦壶装了水浆，迎接大王的军队。（句式1分，“箪食壶浆”1分,大意1分）

（3）天下本来就害怕齐国的强大，现在齐国扩大了一倍的土地却不施行仁政，这就使得天下的诸侯要出兵攻打您了。（“固，倍，动”各1分，大意1分）

（4）即使又晒干了，也不会再挺直，这是由于火烤使它变成这样的。（一句1分）

(5)巫医、乐师及各种工匠，是士大夫们所看不起的，现在他们的见识反而比不上这些人了。这也真是奇怪啊！（“不齿”“乃”“其可怪也欤！”各1分）

(6)然而秦凭借着它的小小的地方，发展到兵车万乘的国势，使八州来归，使六国诸侯都来朝见，已经一百多年了（前三句一句1分）

（7）（4分）县官佩服他胆气豪壮并且同情他，暗中将自己的意图告诉他，让他将主谋推给霍氏。（“壮”词类活用、“授以意”状语后置、“令”后兼语省略、“归”，各1分）

（8）（3分）陛下忽然派大军向西而去，使人们感到恐慌，就什么事都干得出来。（3分，大意1分，“西”“至”各1分）

参考译文：齐人攻打燕国，吞并了它。各国诸侯谋划着救助燕国。宣王说：‚有很多诸侯将要谋划攻打我，该怎么对付他们呢？‛

孟子回答道：‚我听说凭七十里见方的土地就统一天下的，商汤就是这样。没有听说凭着千里见方的土地还怕别人的。《尚书》上说：‘商汤的征伐，从葛国开始。’天下的人都信任商汤，他向东征伐，西夷就埋怨；向南征伐，北狄就埋怨，(他们埋怨)说：‘为什么(不先征伐我们这里，而要)把我们放到后头呢？’人民盼望他，如同大旱时节盼望乌云虹霓一样。(汤的军队到了一地，)赶集市的照常做买卖，种田的照常干农活，杀了那里的暴君，慰问那里的百姓，像是及时雨从天而降。百姓非常高兴。《尚书》上(又)说：‘等待我们的君王，君王来了，我们就得到新生。’现在，燕王虐待百姓，大王去征伐他，百姓都以为您会把他们从水深火热中拯救出来，所以用竹筐盛了饭，用瓦壶装了水浆，迎接大王的军队。如果您杀戮他们的父兄，囚禁他们的子弟，毁坏他们的宗庙，搬走他们国家的宝器，那怎么行呢？天下本来就害怕齐国的强大，现在齐国扩大了一倍的土地却不施行仁政，这就使得天下的诸侯要出兵攻打您了。大王赶快发布命令，把被抓的老人孩子遣送回去，停止搬运燕国的宝器，同燕国人商量，选立一个新国君，然后撤离燕国，那么还来得及阻止(各国动兵)。‛

11、读书以为学，缵言以为文，非以夸多而斗靡也；盖学所以为道，文所以为理耳。苟行事得其宜，出言适其要，虽不吾面，吾将信其富于文学也。（韩愈《送陈秀才彤序》）

读书的目的是学习，掌握语言词汇的目的是写文章，并非是为了以自夸而争奇斗新；学习、写文章是为了掌握道德理性。.如果一个人做事有度，合乎时宜，且说话时直逼要点，那么就算不相识，我也敢确信他在做文章和学习上有很高的造诣。12．略

第四篇：高一地理必修二随堂检测之3.2以种植业为主的农业地域类型

2020-2021学年高一地理必修二随堂检测之3.2以种植业为主的农业地域类型

1.关于我国商品谷物农业的叙述正确的是（）

A.我国商品谷物农业主要分布在黄淮海平原

B.我国商品谷物农业的经营模式与国外一致，由农场主经营

C.我国商品谷物农业主要分布在地广人稀的东北和西北

D.我国商品谷物农业种植的主要是水稻和玉米

2.商品谷物农业的区位条件一般有()

①机械化水平高

②地广人稀

③市场广阔，交通运输便利

④自然条件优越

⑤农业科技发达

A.①②③

B.①③④

C.②③⑤

D.①②③④⑤

下图中阴影为某农业地域类型分布区。据此回答下列各题。

3该农业地域类型的主要农作物是()

A.油菜

B.玉米

C.小麦

D.水稻

4下列有关图示种植业特点的叙述，错误的是()

A.单产高，商品率低

B.水利工程量大

C.农业科技水平高

D.机械化水平低

为研究杂交水稻新品种，我国农业科学家首创了水稻精确定量栽培的原理，利用当地气候条件严格设计栽培技术，使水稻亩产量提高到1287kg。据此回答下题。

5读三角坐标图，如果a、b、c分别表示农业生产社会经济投入中的劳动力、生产资料、科技投入，下列各点中最能代表亚洲水稻种植业的是（）

A.①

B.②

C.③

D.④

6美国水稻种植业与亚洲水稻种植业的明显差异是（）

A.产量不同

B.种植制度不同

C.播种技术不同

D.产品品种不同

读某地区农业基本情况比较表，回答下题。

种植业比重

畜牧业比重

商品率

投入劳动力数量

90%

10%

20%

多

7该地区的农业地域类型最可能是（）

A.水稻种植业

B.混合型农业

C.商品谷物农业

D.种植园农业

8该种农业地域类型主要分布在（）

A.亚洲季风气候区

B.温带海洋性气候区

C.地中海气候区

D.温带大陆性气候区

下图为北半球某农场的工作历程(农事安排)示意图，读图完成下题。

9该农场的农业地域类型为()

A.季风水田农业

B.自给农业

C.商品谷物农业

D.混合农业

10依据图示信息可知，该农场可能分布在()

A.英国

B.加拿大

C.马来西亚

D.德国

11读“世界上主要农业地域分布图”，完成下列问题。

（1）写出B、C两地所属的农业地域类型名称:B__________，C__________.（2）图中A、B、C、D、E五地域中，属于自给农业的是__________.（3）B地发展农业的自然区位优势有:①__________；②__________；③__________.答案以及解析

答案：1.C

解析：我国商品谷物农业主要分布在东北，经营模式多为国营，种植的主要是小麦和玉米。

答案：2.D

解析：商品谷物农业的特征:生产规模大，机械化水平高，商品率高。商品谷物农业往往布局在地广人稀、自然条件优越、农业科技发达、市场广阔和交通运输便利的地区，往往机械化水平高，劳动效率高，商品率高。D正确。

答案：3.D；

4.C

解析：3.据图可知，该农业地域类型主要分布在亚洲的东部、南部和东南部，农业地域类型属于季风水田的农业，种植的主要农作物是水稻。综上所述，本题的正确答案为D。

4.C、D项，机械化水平和科技水平低。故C错误，D正确；A项，单位面积产量高，但商品率低。故A正确；B项，水利工程量大。故B正确；综上所述，本题应选择C。

答案：5.C；6.C

解析：5由三角坐标图可知，③点劳动力投入最大。亚洲水稻种植业劳动力投入比重大，如③所示。

6.美国水稻种植业多采用旱地直播技术，亚洲水稻种植主要采用水田耕作。

答案：7.A；8.A

解析：7.该地区种植业比重高达90%，投入劳动力数量多，而商品率仅为20%，所以该地区的农业地域类型最可能是以自给自足为主、需要精耕细作的水稻种植业。

8.水稻好暖喜湿，需要投入比较多的劳动力，主要分布在亚洲季风气候区。

答案：9C；

10B

解析：9从图中的农事安排可知该地农作物熟制为一年一熟，并对产品进行销售，所以为商品谷物农业。

10从图中的农事安排可知该地农作物为小麦，熟制为一年一熟，并对产品进行销售，所以为商品谷物农业，多分布在美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等国和我国的东北和西北地区。

11答案：（1）水稻种植业；

商品谷物农业；

（2）B；

（3）气候雨热同期；

地形以平原为主；

水源充足

解析：题目给出了世界农业地域类型分布图，要求掌握不同农业地域类型的名称和分布，并能准确地找出亚洲季风水田农业和美国商品谷物农业的分布区，熟练掌握、灵活运用其区位优势和生产特点。

第五篇：高中英语必修3课文逐句翻译(人教新课标)

1.必修三Unit1 Festivals and celebrations节日和庆典

Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times.自古以来，世界各地就有各种各样的节日和庆典。Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn.最古老的节日总是庆祝严寒的结束、春季的种植和秋天的收割。Sometimes celebrate would be held after hunters had caught animals.有时，在猎人捕获猎物后，也举行庆祝活动。At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们会挨饿。Today’s festivals have many origins ,some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events.现在的节日有很多由来，一些是宗教上的，一些是季节性的，一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的。Festivals of the Dead亡灵节

Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm.有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。For the Japanese festival.Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth.他们还点起灯笼，奏响乐曲，因为他们认为这样做可以把祖先引回到世上。In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November.在墨西哥，亡灵节是在11月初。On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them.在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead.他们向亡者祭献食物、鲜花和礼品。The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people.西方节日万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets.万圣节如今成了孩子们的节日，这天他们可以乔装打扮上到邻居家要糖吃。If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.如果邻居什么糖也不给，那么孩子们就可以捉弄他们了。

Festivals to Honour People纪念名人的节日

Festivals can also be held to honour famous people.也有纪念名人的节日。The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan.中国的端午节（龙舟节），是纪念著名古代诗人屈原的。In the USA Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in New World.美国的哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现“新大陆”的日子。India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain.印度在10月2日有个全国性节日，纪念莫汉达斯·甘地，他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。Harvest Festivals庆丰收的节日

Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events.收获与感恩节是非常喜庆的节日。People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over.越冬的粮食收集起来了，农活结束了，人们都心怀感激。In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals.在欧洲国家，人们通常用花果来装饰教堂和市政厅，在一起聚餐。Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.有些人还可能因为他们的农产品（参加各种评选）而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes.中国和日本都有中秋节，这时，人们会赏月。在中国，人们还品尝月饼。Spring Festivals春天的节日

The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.最富生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子。At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper.中国人过春节要吃饺子、鱼和肉，还要给孩子们送红纸包着的压岁钱。There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together.（他们）舞龙灯、狂欢，全家人聚在一起欢庆阴历年。Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February.在一些西方国家有激动人心的狂欢节，通常在二月，复活节前的四十天。These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds.狂欢节期间，人们身着各种艳丽的节日盛装，伴随着鼓噪的音乐，在街头游行，昼夜跳舞。Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world.复活节是全世界基督徒的一个重要的宗教和公众节日。It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life.它庆祝耶稣复活，也欢庆春天和新生命的到来。Japan’s Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later.再晚些时候，日本就迎来了樱花节，The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as thought it is covered with pink snow.（节日里）整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。

People love to get together to eat , drink and have fun with each other.人们喜欢聚在一起吃、喝、玩耍。节日让我们享受生活，Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while.让我们为自己的习俗而自豪，还可以暂时忘掉工作中的烦恼。

2.必修三Unit 1 A SAD LOVE STORY一段伤心的爱情故事 Li Fang was heart-broken.李方的心都碎了。It was Valentine’s Day and Hu Jin had said she would meet him at the coffee shop after work.这天是情人节，胡瑾说她下班后会在咖啡馆和他见面的。But she didn’t turn up.可现在她却不见人影。She could be with her friends right now laughing at him.也许她这会儿跟朋友在一起，正在取笑他呢。She said she would be there at seven o’clock, and he thought she would keep her word.她说她会在7点到达，他(李方)认为她会守信用的。He had looked forward to meeting her all day, and now he was alone with his roses and chocolates, like a fool.他一整天都期盼着见到她，而现在他拿着玫瑰花和巧克力独自一人守候着，像个傻瓜一样。Well, he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize.他不想屏息等她来道歉，He would drown his sadness in coffee.他要用咖啡来解愁。

It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave-he wiped the tables, then sat down and turned on the TV-just what Li Fang needed!很明显，咖啡馆里的经理在等李方离开一一他擦好桌子，然后坐下来，打开电视机。这正合了李方的意！A sad Chinese story about lost love.正在播出的是流传在中国的一个悲伤的爱情故事。

The granddaughter of the Goddess of Heaven visited the earth.王母娘娘的外孙女下凡来到人间。Her name was Zhinü, the weaving girl.她的名字叫织女，做纺织活的女孩。While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.(“Just like me and Hu Jin,” thought Li Fang.)她在人间遇到了牛郎，两人相爱了。(李方想“这正像我和胡瑾。”)They got married secretly, and they were very happy.(“We could be like that,” thought Li Fang.)于是他们秘密结了婚，并且生活得十分幸福。(李方想,“我们也可以像他们那样幸福的。”)When the Goddess of Heaven knew that her granddaughter was married to a human, she became very angry and made the weaving girl return to Heaven.王母娘娘知道自己的孙女跟一个世上的凡人结了婚，她勃然大怒，强行把织女带回到天宫。Niulang tried to follow her, but the river of stars, the Milly Way, stopped him.当牛郎试图追上去，却被银河阻挡住了。Finding that Zhinü was heart-broken, her grandmother finally decided to let the couple cross the Milky Way to meet once a year.看到织女伤心欲绝，最后王母娘娘决定让这对夫妻每年跨过银河相会一次。Magpies make a bridge of their wings so the couple can cross the river to meet on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month.阴历七月初七，喜鹊们会展翅搭桥，让这对恋人过河相会。People in China hope that the weather will be fine on that day, because if it is raining, it means that Zhinü is weeping and the couple won’t be able to meet.中国人都希望这天天气晴朗，因为如果碰到下雨，这就意味着织女在哭泣，两个恋人不能见面。

The announcer said,” This is the story of Qiqiao Festival.主持人说道：“这就是乞巧节的故事。When foreigners hear about the story, they call it a Chinese Valentine’s story.外国朋友听到这个故事就将它称作中国的情人节。It’s a fine day today, so I hope you can all meet the one you love.” 今天天气晴朗，我希望你们都能见到所爱的人。”

As Li Fang set off for home, he thought,” I guess Hu Jin doesn’t love me.I’ll just throw these flowers and chocolates away.I don’t want them to remind me of her.” 李方动身往家走，心里想：“我想胡瑾是不爱我了，把这些鲜花和巧克力都扔了吧。我不想因它们想起她来。” So he did.于是他把花和巧克力都扔了。

As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way home, he heard a voice calling him.在回家路上，他神情失落地走过拐角处的一家茶馆，听到有人叫他的名字。There was Hu Jin waving at him and calling , “why are you so late? I’ve been waiting for you for a long time!And I have a gift for you!” 那是胡瑾在向他招手，她喊道：“你为什么这么晚才来呢? 我一直在这儿等你好久了!这是我送给你的礼物!”

What would he do? He had thrown away her Valentine gifts!他怎么办呢？他把情人节的礼物都扔了！She would never forgive him.她恐怕永远也不会原谅他了。This would not be a happy Valentine’s Day!这个情人节快乐不起来啦！

3.必修三Unit2 COME AND EAT HERE(1)到这里来用餐吧（1）

Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.王鹏坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里，感到十分沮丧。It had been a very strange morning.这个上午真是怪得很。Usually he got up early and prepared his menu of barbecued mutton kebabs,roast pork, stir-flied vegetables and fried rice.通常他很早就起床准备他的菜肴----烤羊肉串、烤猪肉、炒菜和炒饭。Then by lunchtime they would all be sold.然后到午饭时分，这些菜都会卖完。By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.But not today!到了这个时候，他的餐馆本该宾客盈门的，但今天却不是！Why was that? What could have happened? 为什么会这样？发生了什么事？ He thought of his mutton, beef and bacon cooked in the hottest, finest oil.他想起了他用滚烫的精制油烹制的羊肉、牛肉和腊肉。His cola was sugary and cold, and his ice cream was made of milk, cream and delicious fruit.他的可乐又甜又冷，冰激凌是用牛奶、奶油和美味的水果制成的。“Nothing could be better,” he thought.他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。” Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by.突然，他看到自己的朋友李昌匆匆地走过。“Hello, Lao Li,” he called.“Your usual?” 他喊道，“喂，老李！你还是吃老一套吧？” But Li Chang seemed not to hear.可是李昌似乎没有听到。What was the matter? 怎么回事呢？Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.要是李昌不像往常那样到他店里吃饭，那问题一定严重了。

Wang Peng followed Li Chang into a new small restaurant.王鹏跟着李昌来到一家新开张的小餐馆。He saw a sign at the door.看见门口有一块招牌：

Tired of all that fat? Want to lose weight? “肥腻的东西吃厌了吧？想变瘦吗？ Come inside Yong Hui’s slimming restaurant.请到雍慧减肥餐馆来。Only slimming foods served here.此地只供应减肥食品，Make yourself thin again!让你恢复苗条！”

Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.王鹏受到好奇心的驱使，走了进去。It was full of people.里面坐满了人。The hostess, a very thin lady, came forward.“Welcome,” she said.“My name is Yong Hui.I'll help you lose weight and be fit in two weeks if you eat here every day.” 店老板，一个清瘦的女人走上前来说道：“欢迎光临！我叫雍慧。您要是每天来这儿用餐，我可以在两周内帮您减肥并让身体健康起来。”Then she gave a menu to Wang Peng.然后，她递给王鹏一份菜谱。There were few choices of food and drink on it: just rice, raw vegetables served in vinegar, fruit and water.菜谱上只有很少几样食物和饮料：只有米饭、蘸醋吃的生蔬菜、水果和水。Wang Peng was amazed at this and especially at the prices.王鹏对此感到吃惊，特别是对价格。It cost more than a good meal in his restaurant!这价格比在他的餐馆里吃一顿好饭还要贵。He could not believe his eyes.他几乎不能相信他的眼睛！He threw down the menu and hurried outside.他甩了菜谱就急匆匆往外走。On his way home he thought about his own menu.在回家的路上，他想起了自己的菜谱。Did it make people fat? 那些菜让人发胖了吗？ Perhaps he should go to the library and find out.也许他该去图书馆查查看。He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚！He had better do some research!他最好做一番调查！

At the library Wang Peng was surprised to find that his restaurant served far too much fat and Yong Hui’s far too little.在图书馆，王鹏很惊讶地发现，他餐馆里的食物脂肪含量太高，而雍慧餐馆里的食物脂肪含量又太少。Even though her customers might get thin after eating Yong Hui’s food, they were not eating enough energy-giving food to keep them fit.尽管顾客吃她的餐馆里的饭菜会变得苗条，但他们摄取不到足够的热量来保持健康。They would become tired very quickly.很快就会感到疲乏。Wang Peng felt more hopeful as he drove back home.开车回家时，王鹏觉得又有了希望。Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.也许写个新的标牌、打点折，能够赢回顾客吧。So he wrote: 于是他写到：

Want to feel fit and energetic?“想健康又精力旺盛吗？Come and eat here!Discounts today!到这里来用餐吧！今天打折！Our food gives you energy all day!

我们的食物能够给您提供一整天所需的热量！”

The competition between the two restaurants was on!这两家餐馆之间的竞争开始了！

4.必修三Unit2 COME AND EAT HERE(2)到这里来用餐吧（2）

A week later, Wang Peng' s restaurant was nearly full and he felt happier.一周后，王鹏的餐馆几乎坐满了人，他感到高兴些了。Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant.也许他仍然能够谋生，而不至于关闭自己的餐馆了。He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.他不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。He smiled as he welcomed some customers warmly at the door but the smile left his face when he saw Yong Hui walking in.他微笑着站在门口热情地迎接他的客人。但他一见到雍慧走进来，脸上的笑容马上就消失了。She did not look happy but glared at him.雍慧瞪着他，看上去不高兴。“ May I ask what you were doing in my restaurant the other day? “请问你那天到我餐馆里来干什么？ I thought you were a new customer and now I know that you only came to spy on me and my menu,” she shouted.我本来以为你是一位新顾客，现在我才发现你只是过来打探我和我的菜谱的。” 她大声问道。“ Please excuse me,” he calmly explained,“ I wanted to know where all my customers had gone last week.王鹏心平气和地解释说：“很对不起，上周我想知道我所有的顾客上哪儿吃饭去了。I followed one of them and found them in your restaurant.我跟着一位顾客走，发现他们在你的餐馆里。I don' t want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太少了，所以我也就不着急了，我也开始宣传我餐馆的食物的好处。Why don' t you sit down and try a meal?” 你为什么不坐下来吃顿饭呢？”

Yong Hui agreed to stay and soon they were both enjoying dumplings and breast of chicken cooked with garlic.雍慧同意留下来。没过一会，他们两人就津津有味地吃起饺子和蒜蓉鸡胸。When they were served the ice cream, Yong Hui began to look ill.当到吃冰激凌时，雍慧开始看起来不舒服了。“I feel sick with all this fat and heavy food,” she said, 她说，“吃了这么多油腻的、难消化的食物，我都觉得恶心了。“ I miss my vegetables and fruit.”我想吃我的蔬菜和水果。”Wang Peng was enjoying a second plate of dumplings so he sighed.“ Yes,” he added,“ and I would miss my dumplings and fatty pork.Don't you get tired quickly?” 这时候，王鹏正在吃第二盘饺子，他叹了一口气，说道，“同样地，（如果在你的餐馆）我还想吃我的饺子和肥肉呢。你不觉得自己很容易疲乏么？” “Well, I do have to rest a lot,” admitted Yong Hui.“是的，我的确经常需要休息。”雍慧承认了，“But don't you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner? I’m sure you ' d feel much healthier.”“不过，难道你不认为你瘦一点更好么？我相信，那样你会觉得更健康些。”

They began to talk about menus and balanced diets.他们开始谈论菜谱和平衡膳食的问题。“ According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet,” explained Wang Peng.王鹏解释道：“根据我的研究，你我两家所提供的都不是均衡膳食。“ I don' t offer enough fibre and you don' t offer enough body-building and energy-giving food.我没有提供足够的纤维食物，而你提供的食物没有足够的营养和热量。Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fibre.”也许我们应该把我们的想法结合起来，做出一份富有热量和纤维的均衡食谱。” So that is what they did.于是，他们就照此做了。They served raw vegetables with the hamburgers and boiled the potatoes rather than frying them.They served fresh fruit with the ice cream.他们用生蔬菜配汉堡包，煮土豆而不是油炸土豆，还拿新鲜水果配上冰激凌。In this way they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal.这样，他们减少了饭菜中脂肪的含量，增加了纤维素。Their balanced diets became-such a success that before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight.他们的平衡食谱非常有效，王鹏很快就瘦了，而雍慧却胖了。After some time the two found that their business cooperation had turned into a personal one.不久以后，这两个人发现，他们生意上的合作变成了私人的合作了。Finally they got married and lived happily ever after!最后，他们结了婚，过上了幸福美满的生活！

5.必修三Unit 3 THE MILLION POUND BANK NOTE百万英镑 Act I, Scene 3第一幕，第三场 NARRATOR: 旁白： It is the summer of 1903.Two old and wealthy brothers, Roderick and Oliver, have made a bet.1903年的夏天，一对老年又富有的兄弟，罗德里克和奥利弗，打了一个赌。Oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London.奥利弗认为，一个人靠一张百万英镑的钞票在伦敦能活一个月。His brother Roderick doubts it.他的兄弟罗德里克对此表示怀疑。At this moment, they see a penniless young man wandering on the pavement outside their house.这时，他们看见一个身无分文的年轻人在房子外面的人行道上游荡。It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, who is lost in London and does not know what he should do.他叫亨利·亚当斯，一个美国商人，在伦敦迷了路，不知道该怎么办。

RODERICK:Young man, would you step inside a moment, please? 罗德里克：年轻人，请你进来一会儿，好吗？ HENRY: Who? Me, sir? 亨利：先生，你叫谁啊？是叫我吗？ RODERICK:Yes, you.罗德里克：是的，就是你。

OLIVER: Through the front door on your left.奥利弗：从你左侧的前门进来。

HENRY:(A servant opens a door)Thanks.亨利：（仆人给他打开门）谢谢。

SERVANT: Good morning, sir.Would you please come in? Permit me to lead the way, sir.仆人：早上好，先生，请进。先生，请让我来带路吧。OLIVER:(Henry enters)Thank you, James.That will be all.奥利弗：（亨利走进来）谢谢你，詹姆斯，没你的事了。RODERICK: How do you do, Mr....er...? 罗德里克：你好，先生，你贵姓？ HENRY:Adams.Henry Adams.亨利：亚当斯，亨利·.亚当斯

OLIVER: Come and sit down, Mr.Adams.奥利弗：来，请坐，亚当斯先生。HENRY: Thank you.亨利：谢谢

RODERICK: You're an American? 罗德里克：你是美国人？

HENRY: That's right, from San Francisco.亨利：是的，从旧金山来。

RODERICK: How well do you know London? 罗德里克：你对伦敦熟悉吗？

HENRY: Not at all, it's my first trip here.亨利：一点也不熟悉，这是我第一次来伦敦。

RODERICK:I wonder, Mr.Adams, if you'd mind us asking a few questions.罗德里克：亚当斯先生，不知道你是否介意我们问几个问题？ HENRY: Not at all.Go right ahead.亨利：不介意，请问吧。

RODERICK:May we ask what you're doing in this country and what your plans are? 罗德里克：可不可以问问，你在这个国家要干点儿什么？你的计划又是什么呢？

HENRY: Well, I can't say that I have any plans.I'm hoping to find work.As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident.亨利：嗯，谈不上有什么计划，我希望能找到工作。事实上，我在英国上岸是偶然的。OLIVER:How is that possible? 奥利弗：这怎么可能呢？

HENRY: Well, you see, back home I had my own boat.About a month ago, I was sailing out of the bay...(his eyes stare at what is left of the brother's dinner on table)亨利：嗯，你看，在美国的时候，我有自己的船。大约一个月前，我开船驶出了海湾……（他的眼睛盯着两兄弟俩留在餐桌上的残羹剩菜）

OLIVER:Well, go on.奥利弗：往下说啊。

HENRY: Oh, yes.Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.It was all my fault.I didn't know whether I could survive until morning.The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.亨利：哦，好的。嗯，傍晚时分我发现我被一阵大风刮到海上去了。这都是我的错。我不知道是否能活到早晨。第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘海船发现了我。OLIVER:And it was the ship that brought you to England.奥利弗：正是那艘船把你带到了英国。

HENRY: Yes.The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.I went to the American embassy to seek help, but...(The brothers smile at each other.)亨利：是的。事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整的原因了。我上美国大使馆求助，但是……（兄弟两相顾而笑）

RODERICK: Well, you mustn't worry about that.It's an advantage.罗德里克：嗯，这一点你倒不必担心，这还是优点呢。HENRY: I'm afraid I don't quite follow you, sir.亨利：对不起，先生，你的话我没有听懂。

RODERICK: Tell us, Mr.Adams, what sort of work did you do in America? 罗德里克：亚当斯先生，请告诉我们，你在美国干哪个行当？

HENRY: I worked for a mining company.Could you offer me some kind of work here? 亨利：我在一家矿业公司工作。你们能不能给我提供一份工作呢？

RODERICK: Patience, Mr.Adams.If you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have? 罗德里克：耐心点儿，亚当斯先生。如果你不介意，我能不能问问，你手头儿有多少钱？ HENRY: Well, to be honest, I have none.亨利：嗯，老实说，我一分钱都没有了。

OLIVER:(happily)What luck!Brother, what luck!(claps his hands together)奥利弗：（高兴地）老兄，真走运！真有运气！（鼓起掌来）

HENRY: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!On the contrary, in fact.If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don't think it's very funny.(Henry stands up to leave)Now if you'll excuse me, I think I'll be on my way.亨利：嗯，这对你们来说可能是运气，但对我来说可不是。事实上，正好相反。如果你们认为这是一个笑话，我可不觉得很好笑。（亨利起身准备走）好了，请原谅，我想我该上路了。RODERICK:Please don't go, Mr.Adams~ You mustn't think we don't care about you.Oliver, give him the letter.罗德里克：亚当斯先生，请别走。你千万不要以为我们不在意你的感受。奥利弗，把信给他。OLIVER:Yes, the letter.(gets it from a desk and gives it to Henry like a gift)The letter.奥利弗：是，拿信。（从座上把信拿起来，像送礼品一样递给亨利）给你信。HENRY:(taking it carefully)For me? 亨利：（小心翼翼地接过信）是给我的吗？

RODERICK:For you.(Henry starts to open it)Oh, no, you mustn't open it.Not yet.You can't open it until two o'clock.罗德里克：是给你的。（亨利要拆信）啊，别拆，你不要拆，现在不是时候，到两点钟你才能打开。

HENRY: Oh, this is silly.亨利：噢，这真可笑。

RODERICK: Not silly.There's money in it.(calls to the servant)James? 罗德里克：这不可笑，这里边有钱呢。（叫仆人）詹姆斯？

HENRY:Oh, no.I don't want your charity.I just want an honest job.亨利：噢，不，我不需要你们的施舍，我只要一份老老实实的工作。

RODERICK: We know you're hard-working.That's why we've given you the letter.James, show Mr.Adams out.罗德里克：我们知道你工作是很卖力的，这正是我们给你这封信的原因。詹姆斯，请送亚当斯先生出去。

OLIVER: Good luck, Mr.Adams.奥利弗：祝你好运，亚当斯先生。

HENRY:Well, why don't you explain what this is all about? 亨利：嗯，怎么不给我讲讲，这究竟是怎么回事呢？

RODERICK: You'll soon know.(looks at the clock)In exactly an hour and a half.罗德里克：你很快就会明白的，（看着钟）一个半小时以后。SERVANT: This way, sir.仆人：请这边走，先生。

RODERICK: Mr.Adams, not until 2 o'clock.Promise? 罗德里克：亚当斯先生，两点钟以前不要拆信，答应吗？ HENRY: Promise.Goodbye.亨利：答应。再见！

6.必修三Unit3 THE MILLION POUND BANK NOTE百万英镑: Act I, Scene 4第一幕，第4场

(Outside a restaurant Henry looks at the envelope without opening it and decides to go in.He sits down at a table next to the front window.)（在餐馆外边，亨利看了看信封，没有打开，然后决定走进餐馆。他在靠近前边窗户的一张桌子旁坐了下来）

OWNER:(seeing Henry's poor appearance)That one's reserved.This way, please.(to the waiter)Take this gentleman's order, Horace.店 主：（看看亨利的那副穷酸相）那张桌子有人订了。请到这边来。（对服务员）霍勒斯，来等这位先生点菜。

HENRY:(after sitting down and putting the letter on the table)I'd like some ham and eggs and a nice big steak.Make it extra thick.I'd also like a cup of coffee and a pineappledessert.亨 利：（坐定之后，把信放在桌上）我要火腿加鸡蛋，还来一块大牛排，要特厚的。我还要一杯咖啡，一份菠萝甜点。WAITER:Right, sir.I'm afraid it'll cost a large amount of money.服务员：好的，先生。恐怕这得花费一大笔钱。HENRY: I understand.And I'll have a large glass of beer.亨 利：我明白。我还要一大杯啤酒。

WAITER:OK.(The waiter leaves and soon returns with all the food.)服务员：行。（服务员离开了，很快把所有的食物端了上来）HOSTESS: My goodness!Why, look at him.He eats like a wolf.女老板：天哪！你看他，吃起东西来就像头狼。OWNER:We'll see if he's clever as a wolf, eh? 店主：瞧着吧，看他是不是像狼一样机灵？

HENRY:(having just finished every bit of food)Ah, waiter.(waiter returns)Same thing again, please.Oh, and another beer.亨利：（刚吃完了所有的东西）喂，服务员。（服务员过来了）同样的东西请再来一份，呃，再来一大杯啤酒。

WAITER:Again? Everything? 服务员：每样东西都再来一份吗？

HENRY: Yes, that's right.(sees the look on the waiter's face)Anything wrong? 亨利：是，没错。（看着服务员脸上的神色）有什么不对吗？ WAITER:No, not at all.(to the owner)He's asked for more of the same.服务员：不，没什么不对。（对店主）他再要一份同样的食物。

OWNER:Well, it is well-known that Americans like to eat a lot.Well, we'll have to take a chance.Go ahead and let him have it.店主：嗯，许多美国人喜欢吃得多，这是大家都知道的。哦，我们得冒点儿风险。去吧，让他吃吧。

WAITER:(reading the bill after the meal)All right.That's two orders of ham and eggs, two extra thick steaks, two large glasses of beer, two cups of coffee and two desserts.服务员：（饭后念账单）好了。两份火腿加鸡蛋，两份特厚的牛排，两大杯啤酒，两杯咖啡和两份甜点。

HENRY:(looking at the clock on the wall)Would you mind waiting just a few minutes? 亨利：（望着墙上的挂钟）请等几分钟好吗？ WAITER:(in a rude manner)What's there to wait for? 服务员：（很不耐烦地）还等什么？ OWNER:All right, Horace.I'll take care of this.店 主：霍勒斯，行啦，这儿由我来照应。

HENRY:(to owner)That was a wonderful meal.It's amazing how much pleasure you get out of tile simple things in life, especially if you can't have them for a while.亨 利：（对店主）这餐饭吃得真棒。从生活中如此简单的东西之中竟能得到这么大的乐趣，真是令人吃惊，特别是当你暂时吃不到这些东西的时候。

OWNER:Yes, very interesting.Now perhaps, sir, if you pay your bill I can help the other customers.店 主：是的，很有意思。如果你现在能付账的话，我就可以去照顾别的顾客了。

HENRY:(looking at the clock on the wall again)Well, I see it's two o'clock.(he opens the envelope and holds a million pound bank note in his hands.Henry is surprised but the owner and waiter are shocked)I'm very sorry.But...I...I don't have anything smaller.亨 利：（又望着墙上的挂钟）好了，我看两点钟到了。（他把信封拆开，拿出一张百万英镑的钞票。亨利感到吃惊，店主和服务员惊呆了）很抱歉，我……我……我没有小一点儿的钞票。

OWNER:(still shocked and nervous)Well..er...just one moment.Maggie, look!(the hostess screams, the other customers look at her and she puts a hand to her mouth)Do you think it's genuine? 店 主：（还在发呆，而且有点儿紧张）好……嗯……，等一会儿。玛吉，来瞧瞧！（女老板尖叫起来，其他顾客都望着她，于是，她用手捂住了嘴巴）你看这张钞票是真的吗？ HOSTESS: Oh, dear, I don't know.I simply don't know.女老板：天哪，我不知道。我真不知道。

OWNER:Well, I did hear that the Bank of England had issued two notes in this amount...Anyway, I don't think it can be a fake.People would pay too much attention to a bank note of this amount.No thief would want that to happen.店 主：嗯，我确实听说过英格兰银行发行了两张这样面值的钞票……不管怎样，我觉得这不可能是假钞。这么大面值的钞票会特别引人注意的。小偷可不想引起别人的注意。HOSTESS: But he's in rags!女老板：但是他穿得破破烂烂的！

OWNER:Perhaps he's a very strange, rich man.(as if he has discovered something for the first time)Why, yes!That must be it!店 主：也许他是一个非常怪异而富有的人。（如梦初醒似的）啊，对了，一定是这样的。HOSTESS:(hits her husband's arm)And you put him in the back of the restaurant!Go and see him at once.女老板：（在她丈夫的手臂上打了一下）是你把他带到餐厅后面去的，还不马上去看看他。OWNER:(to Henry)I'm so sorry, sir, so sorry, but I cannot change this bank note.店 主：（对亨利）先生，对不起，非常对不起，这张钞票我们找不开。HENRY: But it's all I have on me.亨 利：而我身上就只带了这张钞票。

OWNER:Oh, please, don't worry, sir.Doesn't matter at all.We're so very glad that you even entered our little eating place.Indeed, sir, I hope you'll come here whenever you like.店 主：哎呀，先生，请别着急，一点儿也没关系。我们非常高兴你能走进我们这家小吃店。先生，真的，我希望您随时光临。

HENRY: Well, that's very kind of you.亨 利：这，你太好了。

OWNER:Kind, sir? No, it's kind of you.You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.Just having you sit here is a great honour!As for the bill, sir, please forget it.店 主：我太好了？不，先生，是您太好了。您什么时候想来就来，想吃什么就吃什么。您就是在这儿坐一下也是我们莫大的荣幸！至于说账单嘛，先生，请把它忘了吧。HENRY: Forget it? Well...thank you very much.That's very nice of you.亨 利：忘了它？喔……，那就太谢谢了。你太好了。

OWNER:Oh, it's for us to thank you, sir and I do, sir, from the bottom of my heart.(The owner, hostess and waiter all bow as Henry leaves.)店 主：啊，先生，该是我们谢谢您呢。先生，我从心底里感谢您。（当亨利离开的时候，店主、女老板和服务员都一齐向他鞠躬）7.必修三Unit4 HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH地球上生命的起源

No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago.没有人确切知道地球是怎样开始形成的，因为在很早很早以前地球就形成了。However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.然而，一种普遍为人们所接受的理论是：宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，这次大爆炸将物质投射到四面八方。After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.然后，原子开始形成并结合成恒星和其他天体。

For several billion years after the “Big Bang”, the earth was still just a cloud of dust.大爆炸后好几十亿年过去了，但地球还只是一团尘埃。What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.随后它会变成什么没人能知道，直到38—45亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.地球（开始）变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。It exploded loudly with fire and rock.They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earth's atmosphere.它（地球）猛烈地爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石，最终产生了碳，氮气，水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.更为重要的是，地球冷却了下来，地球的表面就开始出现了水。

Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, unlike the earth, it had disappeared later.在火星这些其他行星上都出现了水，但和地球不同的是，这些水后来都消失了。It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.水对于生命的发展会起关键作用，这一点在当时并不明显。What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使得地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。

Many millions of years later, the first extremely small plants began to appear on the surface of the water.好几百万年后，水的表面开始出现了极小的植物。They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.他们繁殖起来就使得海洋充满了氧气，这为早期的贝类及其他各种鱼类后来的进化创造了条件。Next, green plants began to grow on land.They were followed in time by land animals.接着，绿色植物开始出现在陆地上。Some were insects.Others, called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the water.随后，陆地上出现了动物，其中有一些是昆虫，另外一些叫两栖动物，他们既能在陆上生活，也能在水里生存。Later when the plants grew into forests, reptiles appeared for the first time.后来，当植物长成了森林的时候，爬行动物首次出现了。They produced young entirely by laying eggs.他们一般是通过孵蛋而繁衍后代的。After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs, developed.再后来一些叫做恐龙的巨型动物出现了。They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.他们也生蛋，在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。However,65 million years ago the age of the dinosaurs ended.然而，六千五百万年前，恐龙时代结束了。Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.他们为什么会突然灭绝至今仍是个谜。This disappearance made possible the rise of mammals on the earth.恐龙的灭绝使地球上哺乳动物的增多有了可能。These animals were different from all life forms in the past, because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.这些动物不同于以往所有的生物形态，因为他们能从体内生产出幼仔并给幼仔哺乳。

Finally about 2.6 million years ago some small clever animals, now with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth.最后，大约260万年前，一些小巧聪明，长着手脚的动物出现了，他们散布在地球的各个地方。Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.于是，他们接着成为这个行星上最重要的动物。But they are not looking after the earth very well.然而，他们对地球却不怎么在意，They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。As a result of this, many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to live on.因此，许多科学家相信地球可能会变得太热而不适合生物生存。So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.所以，在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续，取决于这个问题能否得到解决。

8.必修三Unit 4 A VISIT TO THE MOON月球之旅

Last month I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer.我的朋友李彦平是一位天文学家。上个月我有幸得到一个机会同他一起去太空旅行。We visited the moon in our spaceship!我们乘宇宙飞船参观了月球。

Before we left, Li Yanping explained to me that the force of gravity would change three times on our journey and that the first change would be the most powerful.在启程以前，李彦平向我解释说，在我们的航行中会有三次引力的改变，而第一次的改变将是最强的。Then we were off.随后我们就起航了。As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earth's gravity.随着火箭的升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。It was so hard that we could not say anything to each other.这种引力太强了，以至于我们彼此间都不能说话了。Gradually the weight lessened and I was able to talk to him.随后，这个力量慢慢减小，我才能够同他讲话。“Why is the spaceship not falling back to the earth? On the earth if I fall from a tree I will fall to the ground.” I asked.我问道：“为什么太空船不会向后朝地球的方向落下去呢？在地球上的时候，如果我从树上掉下来，总会朝地上落下去的。” “We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull,” he explained, 李彦平解释说：“现在我们离地球太远了，感觉不到地球的拉力，“so we feel as if there is no gravity at all.所以我们感觉好像没有地球引力了。When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth's.” 当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。但是，月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。” I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着（身后的）地球越来越小，而（前方的）月球越来越大。

When we got there, I wanted to explore immediately.我们到达月球时，我就想立即进行探测。“Come on,” I said.“If you are right, my mass will be less than on the earth because the moon is smaller and I will be able to move more freely.“来吧，”我说，“要是你讲得对，我的重量就会比在地球上小，而我就能够更自由地活动了。I might even grow taller if I stay here long enough.I shall certainly weigh less!” 如果我在月球上呆的时间足够长的话，我甚至可能长得更高，我的体重肯定也会变得更轻！”I laughed and climbed down the steps from the spaceship.我笑着从飞船的梯级上爬下来。But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟然是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。“Oh dear,” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.” “天哪，”我大声说，“重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”After a while I got the hang of it and we began to enjoy ourselves.过了一会儿，我才掌握了走路的诀窍，这才开始感到自如了。

Leaving the moon's gravity was not as painful as leaving the earth's.摆脱月球引力不像摆脱地球引力那样痛苦。But returning to the earth was very frightening.但是返回到地球的经历却是非常吓人的。We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth's gravity increased.我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。Again we were pushed hard into our seats as we came back to land.当我们回到地面时，我们又感到被重重地推到在座位上。“That was very exhausting but very exciting too,” I said.我说道：“真是精疲力竭了，但也很激动人心。“Now I know much more about gravity!关于引力，我现在就懂得更多了。Do you think we could visit some stars next time?” 你认为下次我们可以上星球上去参观吗？” “Of course,” he smiled, “which star would you like to go to?”“当然可以，”他笑着说，“你想到哪颗星球上去呢？”

9.必修三Unit 5 A TRIP ON “THE TRUE NORTH”“真北方”之旅

Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada to visit their cousins in Montreal on the Atlantic coast.李黛予和她的表妹刘倩要去加拿大大西洋海岸的蒙特利尔市看望他们的表兄妹。Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada.他们不想一路乘飞机，而决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.要横贯整个大陆的想法很是令人兴奋。

Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport.朋友林丹妮，在机场等候她们。He was going to take them and their baggage to catch “The True North”, the cross-Canada train.他要带着她们和行李去火车站乘坐横越加拿大的“真北方”号列车。On the way to the station, he chatted about their trip.在去火车站的路上，林丹妮聊起了她们的旅程：“You're going to see some great scenery.“你们沿途将会看见美丽壮阔的风景。Going eastward, you'll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities.一路向东行，你们会经过一座座山脉，上千个湖泊，森林，还有宽阔的河流和许多大城市。Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days, but they forget the fact that Canada is 5,500 kilometres from coast to coast.有人想在不到五天的时间里穿越加拿大，他们忘了加拿大从东海岸到西海岸有5500公里。Here in Vancouver, you're in Canada's warmest part.这儿，温哥华，是加拿大最温暖的地方。People say it is Canada's most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.人们说温哥华是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour make Vancouver one of Canada's most popular cities to live in.落基山脉可以滑雪，海港供你扬帆，这些使得温哥华成为加拿大最受欢迎的居住城市之一。Its population is increasing rapidly.这个城市的人口增长很快。The coast north of Vancouver has some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in the world.在温哥华北面的海岸上保存着世界上最古老，最美丽的森林。It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.” 那儿的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些高达90多米。”

That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats.那天下午表姐妹俩才登上火车落了座。Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.火车先是穿越落基山脉，她们总算看到了野山羊，甚至还看见了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。Their next stop was Calgary, which is famous for the Calgary Stampede.她们的下一站是卡尔加里，这个城市因“大西部赛马会”而闻名。Cowboys from all over the world come to compete in the Stampede.来自世界各地的牛仔们来参加赛马会比赛。Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.他们中许多人都有骑野马的才能，他们能赢得几千美元的奖金。

After two days' travel, the girls began to realize that Canada is quite empty.两天后，他们开始意识到加拿大人烟稀少。At school, they had learned that most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometres of the USA border, and Canada's population is only slightly over thirty million, but now they were amazed to see such an empty country.他们在学校学过，大多数加拿大人居住在靠近美国几百千米以内的边境地带，加拿大的人口也只有三千万多一点儿。但是现在看到这么空旷的国家，她们很惊讶。They went through a wheat-growing province and saw farms that covered thousands of acres.火车穿过一个种植小麦的省份，他们看到了面积有数千平方英亩的农场。After dinner, they were back in an urban area, the busy port city of Thunder Bay at the top of the Great Lakes.晚饭后，他们又回到城市，位于五大湖区最北端的繁忙的港口城市桑德湾。The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。Because of the Great Lakes, they learned, Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world.他们知道，因为五大湖，加拿大的淡水比世界上任何其他国家都要多。In fact, it has one-third of the world's total fresh water, and much of it is in the Great Lakes.事实上，加拿大拥有全世界三分之一的淡水量，其中大部分都蓄在五大湖泊里。

That night as they slept, the train rushed across the top of Lake Superior, through the great forests and southward towards Toronto.那天夜里她们睡着了，火车越过苏必利尔湖北部，穿过大森林，朝南向多伦多飞驰着。

10.必修三Unit 5 “THE TURE NORTH”FROM TORONTO TO MONTREAL多伦多——蒙特利尔的“真北方”列车

The next morning the bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold and orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in Canada.第二天早上，在她们的车窗外到处是灌木丛和枫树，挂满朱红、赤金和橘黄色的叶子，地面覆盖上一层薄霜，表明秋天已经来到了加拿大。

Around noon they arrived in Toronto, the biggest and most wealthy city in Canada.中午时分，她们来到多伦多——加拿大最大、最富有的城市。They were not leaving for Montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city.她们要晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔，因此就在多伦多市内游览了一番。They went up the tall CN Tower and looked across the lake.她们登上了高高的加拿大国家电视塔，俯瞰着下面的湖水。In the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.远处，她们可以看到湖的南边尼亚加拉大瀑布上方升腾着的雾霭。The water flows into the Niagara River and over the falls on its way to the sea.湖水流入尼亚加拉河，再经过大瀑布，流向大海。

They saw the covered stadium, home of several famous basketball teams.她们看到了加顶的大型运动场，那是几支著名的篮球队的驻地。As they walked north from the harbour area, Li Daiyu said, “Lin Fei, one of my mother's old schoolmates, lives here.I should phone her from a telephone booth.”

当她们从港口区向北走的时候，李黛予说：“我妈妈的老同学林菲住在这里，我该到电话亭去给她打个电话。”

They met Lin Fei around dusk in downtown Chinatown, one of the three in Toronto.大约黄昏时分，她们在市区的中国城见到了林菲，这是多伦多三个中国城中的一个。Over dinner at a restaurant called The Pink Pearl, the cousins chatted with Lin Fei, who had moved to Canada many years earlier.在一个名叫“海珠酒楼”的餐馆里用餐时，表姐妹和许多年前就移居加拿大的林菲闲聊了起来。“We can get good Cantonese food here,” Lin Fei told them, “because most of the Chinese people here come from South China, especially Hong Kong.林菲告诉她们：“我们在这里可以吃到很好的广东菜，因为这里的大多数中国人来自中国南方，尤其是香港。It's too bad you can't go as far as Ottawa, Canada's capital.很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。It's approximately four hundred kilometres northeast of Toronto, so it would take too long.” 它在多伦多东北方约400公里，要去那儿花时间就太多了。”

The train left late that night and arrived in Montreal at dawn the next morning.火车在那夜晚些时候起程了，第二天黎明到达了蒙特利尔。At the station, people everywhere were speaking French.火车站里，人们到处说的是法语。There were signs and ads in French, but some of them had English words in smaller letters.指示牌和广告也都是法文的，但有些标注了小字体的英文。“We don't leave until this evening,” said Liu Qian.刘倩说：“我们要到傍晚才动身，” “Let's go downtown.Old Montreal is close to the water.” “不如到市区去走走。蒙特利尔老城区靠近水边” They spent the afternoon in lovely shops and visiting artists in their workplaces beside the water.整个下午她们穿梭于布局可爱的商店，还拜访了水边工作坊里的艺术家。As they sat in a buffet restaurant looking over the broad St Lawrence River, a young man sat down with them.当她们坐在咖啡馆里眺望广阔的圣劳伦斯河时，一个年轻人坐在了她们的身边。

“Hello, my name is Henri.I'm a student at the university nearby,” he said, “and I was wondering where you are from.” 他说，“你们好，我叫亨利，是这里的大学生。请问你们从哪里来？” The girls told him they were on a train trip across Canada and that they had only one day in Montreal.姑娘们告诉他，她们是坐火车来旅游的，要横穿加拿大，在蒙特利尔只待一天。“That's too bad,” he said.“Montreal is a city with wonderful restaurants and clubs.他说：“这太糟糕了，蒙特利尔这个城市有极好的餐馆和俱乐部。Most of us speak both English and French, but the city has French culture and traditions.我们大多数人既说英语也说法语，但是这座城市具有法国文化和传统。We love good coffee, good bread and good music.” 我们喜欢好咖啡、好面包和好音乐。”

That night as the train was speeding along the St Lawrence River toward the Gulf of St Lawrence and down to the distant east coast, the cousins dreamed of French restaurants and red maple leaves.那天晚上，火车沿着圣劳伦斯河疾驰，朝圣劳伦斯湾驶去，一直开到远方的东海岸，姐妹两个做梦都在想着法国餐馆和红色枫叶。