英语自我总结语法汇总

第一篇：英语自我总结语法汇总

★希望做某事hope to do sth.★决定做某事decide to do sth

★同意做某事agree to do sth.★需要某人做某事need to do sth.★使用某物做某事use sth to do sth

★准备做某事get/be ready to do

★ 计划做某事plan to do sth.★希望某人做某事wish sb.to do sth.★轮流做某事take one’s turns to do sth.★拒绝做某事refuse to do sth.★告诉某人做某事tell sb.to do sth.★请某人做某事ask sb.to do sth.★想要某人做某事want /would like sb.to do sth.★不得不have to do

★同意某人做某事agree sb.to do sth.★教某人做某事teach sb.to do sth.★喜欢/想要某人做某事 like sb.to do sth.★encourage sb to do鼓励某人做

★帮助某人做某事help sb.to do sth/help sb.do ★It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事

例:It your turn to clean the blackboard.★It’s time(for sb.)to do sth.是某人做某事时候了

例:It’s time for me to go home.★It’s +adj.for/of sb.to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是……

例: It is easy for me to learn it well.It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so.★It takes sb.sometime to do sth.某人做某事花了某时间

例句: 1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike.2.It took me an hour to watch TV last night.3.It will tak ★too+adj./adv.to do sth.太…..而不能

例: He was to angry to say a word.★find/think/feel it +adj.to do sth.发现/认为/感到做某事是… I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well.★序数词+to do 第…..个做某事 例句:Who is the first to get there? ★我不知/忘记了怎么办。I didn't know/forgot what to do.★离开房间时不要忘记/记住关灯

例句:Don’t forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room ★be+adj+to do sth

例句:I am very sorry to hear that.I am ready to help others.I am happy / pleased / glad to meet you.顺口溜：本领最多不定式，主表定补宾和状；样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢；大家千万要小心，有时它把句型改；作主语时用it，自己在后把身藏；七个感官三使役，宾补要把to甩开；疑问词后接上它，宾语从句可充当；逻辑主语不定式，不定式前加for sb.；to前not是否定，各种用法区别开。

e her two weeks to finish the work.以下是不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)的常见用法

★

am let sb.do sth让某人做某事

★ make do sth使得某人做某事

★ hear do sth do sth听见某人做某事

★see do sth do sth看见某人做某事

★why not/why don’t you +动原？为什么不.?Why not/Why don’t you take a walk? ★ 某人+had better(not)do 某人最好(不)做某事

★情态动词can/may /must /should+ 动词原（包括情态动词的否定形式+动词原形）

★

助动词do/does/did/will/would在构成疑问句或者构成否定句即don’t /doesn’t /didn’t /will not /would not+ 动词原形 ★ be going to + 动词原形（表示“即将”“打算” 做某事）使用-ing分词的几种情况

1.在进行时态中。He is watching TV.They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.2.在there be结构中。如：There is a boy swimming in the river.3.在have fun/problems结构

4.在介词后面。如：Thanks for helping me.Are you good at playing basketball？

What /How about doing sth? 做某事怎么样?

I interested in playing football.5.在以下结构中

1.enjoy doing sth

喜欢做某事；

2.finish doing sth；

完成做某事；

3.feel like doing sth

想要做某事；

4.stop doing sth 停止做某事（原来的事）

5.forget doing sth

忘记做过某事

6.go on doing sth

继续做某事（原来的事）；7.remember doing sth

记得做过某事

8.like doing sth

喜欢做某事；

9.find /see/hear/watch sb doing发现/看到/听到/观看某人做

10.try doing sth

试图做某事；

11.need doing sth

需要做某事；

12.prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事；

13.mind doing sth 介意做某事；

14.miss doing sth 错过做某事；

15.practice doing sth

练习做某事；

16.be busy doing sth

忙于做某事；17.can't help doing sth

禁不住做某事；

中。如：We have fun learning English this term.They had problems g 18.waste time/money doing

浪费时间/钱做;19.keep sb.doing 让…始终/一直做…

20.stop sb.(from)doing

阻止某人做某事 21.prefer doing A to doing B=like A better than B喜欢做B更喜欢做A 22.“do some +doing”短语

如：do some shopping/do some washing/do some reading/do some practicing/do some cleaning/do some speaking 23．“go doing”短语去做某事（主要指文娱活动等）如：go shopping/go fishing/go swimming/go hiking/go skating/go camping/go skiing（滑雪/go boating / etting to the top of the mountain.

第二篇：高中语法目录——自我总结

高中语法目录——自我总结

1.词类

（1）冠词

（2）名词

 所有格

 单复数

 抽象名词和物质名

词

（3）形容词

 比较级

 最高级

（4）副词

（5）代词

 人称代词

 物主代词

 不定代词

 指示代词

（6）介词

（7）动词

 助动词

 实义动词

 系动词

 情态动词

 使役动词

 感官动词

（8）连词

（9）数词

（10）感叹词

2.时态

（1）一般现在时

（2）现在进行时

（3）一般将来时

（4）一般过去时

（5）现在完成时

（6）过去完成时

（7）过去将来时

（8）过去进行时

（9）将来进行时

（10）将来完成时

（11）现在完成进行时

（12）过去完成进行时

（13）将来完成进行时

3.语态

（1）被动语态

（2）主动表被动

4.句子

（1）五种简单句。

（2）从句的概念。（3）状语从句。（2）归类分析。 时间状语从句。11.作文  地点状语从句。（1）英语作文分类。 条件状语从句。（2）作文结构。 目的状语从句。（3）常用句式。 方式状语从句。12.英语学习方法  结果状语从句。（1）学习内容。 原因状语从句。（2）时间安排。 让步状语从句。（3）进度考核。（4）定语从句。（5）名词性从句。 宾语从句。 主语从句。 表语从句。 同位语从句。（6）反义疑问句。（7）感叹句。（8）祈使句。5.非谓语动词（1）动名词。（2）不定式。（3）过去分词。（4）With复合结构。（5）独立主格结构。6.主谓一致（1）语法一致。（2）邻近一致。（3）意义一致。7.倒装结构（1）部分倒装。（2）全部倒装。8.虚拟语气（1）if虚拟条件句（2）名词性从句中的虚拟语气。（3）状语从句中的虚拟语气。9.高考题型分析（1）语音。（2）听力。（3）单选。（4）完型。（5）阅读理解。（6）单词填空。（7）情景对话。（8）改错。（9）作文。10.阅读技巧（1）出题规律。

第三篇：英语知识点与语法总结

英语知识点与语法总结 必修1 核心单词 1.add vt.& vi.增加；加；加起来；补充说； 又说 常用结构：

add to增添；增加；增进

add...to...把……增添到…… add up合计，相加

add up to总数为；总计为

He added some wood to increase the fire.他添了一些木柴，使火更旺些。

If you add 4 to 3 you get 7.四加三得七。Unit 1 Friendship Page No.11 Page No.12 ①解析：选C。考查动词辨析。句意为：我要说的就是这些，约翰你还有什么要补充的吗？ ②解析：选D。add to的意思是―添加到‖。2.upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的

vt.(upset, upset)使不安；使心烦；打翻；打乱 联想拓展

be upset by...被…… 打乱

upset oneself about sth.为某事烦恼

Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit.她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。

Don‘t upset yourself — no harm has been done.不要难过——并没有造成任何伤害。He was horribly upset over her illness.他为她的病而忧心忡忡。

The students really upset her.学生们着实让她烦恼。

高手过招

用upset的适当形式填空（原创）①The food

my stomach.②She felt rather

on hearing the news.③Is it an

message? ④Don‘t be

.It will be OK.①upset ②upset ③upsetting ④upset 3.ignore vt.不理睬；忽视

I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely.我向她打招呼，可是她根本不理我。He ignored the speed limit and drove very fast.他不顾时速限制，把车开得飞快。联想拓展

ignorant adj.(对某事物）不了解的；无知的；无学识的 be ignorant of/about sth.不知道；没有意识到 ignorance n.无知；愚昧；不知道

be in ignorance of/about sth.不知道某事

易混辨析

ignore/neglect/overlook ignore 通常指有意不顾，或不理会显而易见的事物。neglect 侧重指有意的忽略或忽视，也可指粗心与疏忽。overlook指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。高手过招

（1）用ignore/neglect/overlook的适当形式填空（原创）①We could not afford to

such a serious offence.②He utterly

my warnings and met with an accident.③Don‘t

to pay him a visit now and then.(1)①overlook ②ignored ③neglect（2）单项填空

—So you didn‘t say hello to him last night?

—Well, I stopped and smiled when I saw him, but he

me and walked on.模）

A.Ignored

B.refused

C.denied

D.missed Page No.15(2)解析：选A。答句句意为：我看到他就停下来冲他微笑，但是 他没理我就走了。ignore不理睬，忽视；refuse拒绝；deny否认，拒绝给予；miss怀念，错过。4.concern n.［U］关心，担心，担忧；［C］有利害关系的事

vt.涉及，关系到，参与；使担心 联想拓展

concerning

prep.关于

concerned

adj.有关的；担心的 concern sb.与某人有关

be concerned with sth.牵涉，与……有关；参与 concern oneself with 关心

be concerned about/for/over sth.担心；关心某事

as/so far as...be concerned关于；至于；就……而言 As far as I am concerned, you can go wherever you want.就我而言，你什么时候走都行。

We read stories concerning visitors from outer space.我们读了关于天外来客的故事。

I was very concerned about my mother‘s illness.我很担心母亲的病情。

2010·杭州一（高手过招

（1）单项填空

The meeting was concerned

reforms and everyone present was concerned

their own interests.（2010·福建厦门双十中学检测）

A.with;for B.for;which C.for;about

D.about;with（2）用concern的适当形式填空（原创）①There is an article that

the rise of the prices.②The children are rather

about their mother‘s health.③Officials should

themselves

public affairs.(1)解析：选A。句意为：这次会议牵涉到改革，在场的每个人都很担心自己的利益。be concerned with 牵涉到,和……有关；be concerned for/about

担心；关心。(2)①concerns ②concerned ③concern；with 5.settle vi.安家；定居；停留 vt.使定居；安排；解决

Both wanted to settle their scores.双方都愿意尽弃前嫌。常用结构：

settle down 镇定下来 settle in 在……定居

He settled his child in a corner of the compartment.他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。The family has settled in Canada.这家人已定居加拿大。Page No.18 高手过招 单项填空 ①—Do you know anyone in Paris? —No.I‘ll make friends once.（2010·福建厦门六中检测）A.I‘m settled

B.I have settled C.I‘ll be settled

D.I‘m settling ②The brake of your bicycle has come loose.You‘d better it.（2010·陕西西安交大附中）A.settle

B.fix C.pick

D.correct ①解析：选A。settle作―安家‖讲时，既可用settle，也可用be settled。本题是由once(一旦)引起的时间状语从句，故用一般现在时表将来。②解析：选B。由句意可知，因为自行车的车闸坏了，因此要―修理‖。Page No.19 6.suffer vt.遭受；忍受；蒙受

vi.后接from/for意为―受……之苦‖，―患……疾病‖ 常用结构：

suffer an attack/a defeat/losses/pains 遭受打击/失败/损失/痛苦 He suffered hard pains from the accident.他忍受着事故带来的痛苦。

Do you suffer from headaches? 你经常头痛吗?

She‘s suffering from loss of memory.她患有遗忘症。联想拓展

sufferer n.受苦者，受难者 suffering n.痛苦，苦难

Page No.20 高手过招

（1）单项填空

In the countryside there are many dropouts(辍学者).I think the poor economic conditions.（2010·浙江嘉兴一轮检测）

A.lies in

B.result in C.leads to

D.suffers from（2）翻译句子

我们在金融危机中损失惨重。

(1)解析：选A。考查短语辨析。lie in在这里相当于because of。(2)We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.Page No.21 重点短语 7.go through 经历；经受；检查；浏览；用完；做完 The country has gone through too many wars.这个国家经历了太多的战争。

She‘s gone through a bad patch recently.她最近经历了一段困难时期。

Have you gone through all your money already? 你把所有的钱都花完了吗？

I went through the students‘ papers last night.昨晚我仔细阅读了学生的试卷。联想拓展

go after追求；追赶

go ahead 前进；请说（做）吧 go by走过；（时间）过去 go along with向前；（与......)一起去 go in for爱好；从事 Page No.22 go out 外出；（灯，火）熄灭 go over 越过；复习

go through with 做完；完成go up 爬上；（价格等）上升 高手过招 单项填空 ①We‘d better try to

with the experiment, I think.Now let‘s

the difficulty

with it.（2010·河南许昌一模）

A.go through;go on

B.go on;go over C.go over;go through

D.go on;go through ②If a person has taken too much medicine by mistake, you should make the person

.（2010·平顶山一中月考）

A.go up

B.rise up C.throw up

D.set up Page No.23 ①解析：选A。go through with sth.意思是―做完，完成‖；go on with 意思是―继续‖。②解析：选C。throw up的意思是―呕吐；吐出‖。8.get sth.done 让别人做某事/使得某事被做

done是过去分词作宾语补足语，与have sth.done句型的用法一样。get sb./sth.doing使某人/某事物……起来 get sb.to do sth.使/让某人做某事

get done（状态的改变）get作系动词，相当于be get away逃脱；离开 get back回来；取回 get by维持生活；通过

get down to sth./doing sth.开始认真做某事 get in进站；到达；收集 get off下来；下车

get on上车；进展；进步 Page No.24 get cross(对……)生气，发脾气 get in one‘s way挡路，妨碍 get used to doing sth.习惯做某事 get involved in涉及

get in touch with和……取得联系 get it了解，懂得，明白 高手过招

（1）单项填空

The final examination is coming up soon.It‘s time for us to

our studies.焦作一中月考）

A.get down to

B.get out C.get back for

D.get over（2）完成句子（原创）①讲解后，老师让我们思考起问题来。

Shortly after the explanation the teacher got us

.Page No.25 ②我们将很快为你订制一套新衣服。

We will get a new suit

for you.③她试图使他说话。

She tried to get him

.2010·河南（(1)解析：选A。该题根据交际情景考查短语动词的用法。根据题意，此处指开始认真学习，故选A。get down to开始认真考虑，符合题意。get out出去，离开，逃脱，泄露；get back for回来，恢复；get over爬过；克服，熬过；恢复，原谅。故B、C、D三项均不符合题意。(2)①thinking ②made ③to talk 9.set down 放下；记下；登记

Passengers may be set down and picked up only at the official stops.乘客只有在正式车站方可上下车。Page No.26 联想拓展

set about(doing sth.)着手（做某事）set out(to do sth.)开始，着手(做某事)set aside留出；不顾

set back（把钟等）往回拨；推迟 set free释放；解放

set off动身，出发（去某地）；使爆炸 set out动身，出发；安排，组织 set up开办；建立；设立 set an example to树立榜样

set fire to...= set...on fire纵火烧 be set in以……为背景

The bad weather set back the building programme by several weeks.由于天气恶劣，建筑计划延误了好几个星期。We need to set about finding a solution.我们得着手寻找一个解决办法。Page No.27 温馨提示

set about 和set out都可作―开始/着手做某事‖讲，但set about 后加doing sth.，加 to do sth.。

高手过招 单项填空

As soon as he got to the office, he the students‘ papers.（2010·山东济南一中月考）A.got down to correct B.got down to correcting C.set down to correcting D.sit down to correcting

解析：选B。get down to意思是―着手做某事‖，其中to是介词，后跟名词或动名词。

Page No.28 10.on purpose 故意

The boy broke Jack‘s window on purpose.He wanted to frighten Jack.那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克。

而set out后 联想拓展

purpose n.目的，用途；目标；重要意义 for the purpose of 为了……

to little/no purpose 作用不大/徒劳

The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university.这本书的目的是全面介绍这所大学。高手过招

用purpose的适当形式或短语填空（原创）①He didn‘t do it

.②What was your

? ①on purpose ②purpose Page No.29 11.join in 参加；加入

They didn‘t have enough time to join in the activity.他们没有足够的时间来参加这个活动。联想拓展

join sb.in sth.与某人一起做某事 join up入伍；参军

join up with sb.与某人联合；会合

join hands with sb.与某人拉起手来；合伙；联合

Will you join me in a walk? 你愿意和我一起散步吗？ Let us join hands in friendship.让我们携手共建友谊吧。Page No.30 易混辨析

join in/join/take part in/attend join in 参加正在进行着的活动。如游戏、讨论、辩论、谈话等。join ①参加某组织或团体，并成为其中一员;②来和某人待在一起。

take part in 参加会议或有组织的群众性活动，并在其中发挥一定的作用。

attend 正式用语，指参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学、听报告等，句子的主语是去听去看，自己不一定起积极作用，相当于be present。高手过招

用join/join in/take part in/attend的适当形式填空（原创）①I decided to

the club to have dance training.②Would you like me

to the game? ③I

a meeting last month.④I will have to

his funeral next week.①join ②join in ③took part in/attended ④attend Page No.31 重点句型

12....but your friend can‘t go until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle.……但是你的朋友不把自行车弄干净不能走。

not...until 意为―直到……才‖，表示主句谓语的动作直到until状语的时间才发生，主句的谓语动词表示的是动作的开始。until引导从句时，如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动作，则主句用肯定式；如果主句中的谓语动词是短暂性动词，则用否定形式。

―It is/was not until+被强调的部分+that...‖相当于―Not until...did(does, do, is...)+主语...‖意为―直到……才‖，是强调形式。

You must stay in bed until your temperature is normal.体温正常后，你才能起床。

He didn‘t leave until the meeting was over.直到会议结束他才离开。Page No.32 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star.=Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star.=I didn‘t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位电影明星。高手过招 单项填空 ①Not until

，settle the problem.（2010·潍坊一轮验收）A.he returns;can we

B.he returns;we can

C.does he returns;we can

D.does he return;we can ②It was

back home after the experiment.A.not until midnight did he go B.until midnight that he didn‘t go C.not until midnight that he went D.until midnight when he didn‘t go Page No.33 ①解析：选A。当not until位于句首时句子需倒装。句意为：直到他回来我们才能解决这个问题。②解析：选C。强调句型It is/was...that对not until...进行强调时，需把not until...放到强调结构中，故选C。

13.While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗的时候，你太大意了，一松手，狗就被车撞了。

while walking the dog是连词while加现在分词短语结构，强调分词的动作正在发生，相当于while you were walking the dog。

在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致，谓语含有系动词be，可以省略从句的主语和系动词be。

When crossing the street, you should be careful.过马路时，你应当小心。

If heated, water can be turned into vapour.如果受热，水会变成蒸气。Page No.34 温馨提示

在状语从句中，如果从句的主语为it时，也可以将it和助动词be省略。

Whenever possible they would stop him and ask the three questions.可能的话，他们就让他停下问他这三个问题。高手过招 单项填空 ①

with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.（2010·山东莱州检测）

A.Compares

B.When comparing C.Comparing

D.When compared ②

the two systems, little man found the latter advantageous.(原创)A.Compare

B.When compared C.Compared

D.When comparing Page No.35 ①解析：选D。考查状语从句的省略用法。在状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语相同或者主语为it时，可以将从句中的主语或者it和助动词be省略。本句是将状语从句―When it is compared with the size of the whole earth‖中的it is省略，因此正确答案为D。②解析：选D。考点省略。在状语从句中，当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，通常采用省略形式。句中的little man与compare之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故选D。

14.I wonder if it‘s because I haven‘t been able to be outdoors for so long that I‘ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。

此句中的it‘s...that是强调句型。关于强调句型，我们需要掌握以下几点： Page No.36（1）强调句型的基本结构：

―It is/was+被强调的成分+that/who+其他成分‖用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分。that只起连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。当被强调部分为sb.作宾语时，可用who,也可用that,其他情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语在人称与数上保持一致。

（2）特殊句式中的强调句型： ①如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示―到底‖、―究竟‖等语气时，就用如下结构： ―特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+该句的其余部分‖，that/who后只能使用陈述语序。②在―not...until‖结构中，由until所引导的短语（或从句）作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：―It+is/was+not until...+that+该句的其余部分‖，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。

Page No.37（3）强调句型要注意和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。判断是否是强调句，可采用―还原法‖。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成分完整，则是强调句，否则不是。It was three o‘clock when I got home.我到家的时候三点。

It was at three o‘clock that I got home.三点钟我到的家。

It was in his town that he was brought up.他是在镇上被养大的。（强调句）

It was this town where/in which he was brought up.这是他被抚养长大的城镇。（定语从句）

（4）英语中常用助动词do, does或did强调谓语。He did go to the airport yesterday, but he didn‘t find you.他昨天确实去了机场，但他没有找到你。Page No.38 It is I that/who am going for a holiday with Mary.是我跟玛丽一块儿去度假。

When is it that we will have a meeting? 我们什么时候开会？ 高手过招 单项填空

It is in that poor village，Mary lived and worked 15 years ago，she will build her first school, which inspires everyone to help her.（原创）A.where;when

B.that;that C.that;when

D.where;that 解析：选D。句意为：就是在那个她生活和工作了15年的贫穷的村庄，玛丽将要建起她的第一座学校，这一点鼓舞了人们来帮她。第一空为where引导的非限制性定语从句，第二空填that,构成强调句型，强调地点状语。

Page No.39 15.I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do...我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账……

as引导的从句为比较状语从句，意为―像大多数人那么做‖。as 用作连词，可引导下列状语从句： ①引导时间状语从句，强调主句谓语与从句谓语的同时性； ②引导让步状语从句，表示―尽管，虽然，即使‖（从句需倒装）； ③引导方式状语从句，表示―以……方式‖； ④引导原因状语从句(=since;because)，意为―由于，因为‖； ⑤引导比较状语从句。

As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.随着他年纪越来越大，他失去了对所有事物的兴趣，除了园艺。Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt.尽管天气冷，我哥哥只穿了一件衬衫。Page No.40 Why didn't you take the medicine as I told you to? 为什么你没有按我说的来服这种药？ As you were not there, I left a message.因为当时你不在那，所以我给你留了便条。She is as tall as you.她和你一样高。高手过招 单项填空 ①

as he is, he speaks English well.（2010·山西太原一中月考）A.Little child

B.A little child C.The little child

D.Child little ②In some countries，are called ―public schools‖ are not owned by the public.（2010·11·江西新余一中质量检测）

A.which

B.as

C.what

D.that Page No.41 ①解析：选B。在让步状语从句中，作表语的名词如果提前，该名词常省去冠词，但若名词前有修饰语时，就不省略冠词。②解析：选C。考查what引导的主语从句。what在主语从句中作主语。句意为：在许多国家，所谓的公立学校并非公众拥有。

16....it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...……这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……

如果前面是―it(will be)is/this(will be)is/that(will be)is+the first/second time that...‖句式，表示―某人第几次做某事‖。其中,that引导的是定语从句，后面句子的时态用现在完成时；如果前面是it(would be)was..., 后面则用过去完成时。It is the first time that I have come to Zhuhai.这是我第一次来珠海。

It was the second time that she had visited London.那是她第二次游览伦敦。Page No.42 温馨提示

如果time前有last修饰，此时我们一般不用完成时态。

注意：the first time可起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句；for the first time意为―第一次‖单独用作状语。

This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.这是我最后一次给你们上课了。

高手过招(1)单项填空 ①It's the third time

late this week.（原创）A.that you are

B.you are C.when you arrived

D.that you have been ②It was for the first time that he

to the party.A.Invited

B.had been invited C.has been invited

D.was invited(2)翻译句子（原创）

This will be the second time that I have been to the Great Wall.Page No.43（1）①解析：选D。―It is the +序数词+time+ that从句‖为固定句型，从句谓语动词必须用现在完成时。②解析：选D。it was...that是强调结构，句中强调状语―for the first time‖故选D。（2）这将会是我第二次去长城。Page No.44 Unit 2 English around the world 核心单词 1.command n.& vt.命令；指令；掌握

The officer commanded his soldiers to fire.那名军官命令士兵们开火。

A general is a man who commands a large number of soldiers.将军是统率众多士兵的人。常用结构：

at/ by sb‘s command 听某人支配 take command of

控制 in command of

指挥着 Page No.45 under one‘s command 由某人的指挥

under the command of sb.在某人的指挥下

command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事

command(=order)that...命令……（从句用虚拟语气，即should+ do 形式，should可省略）联想拓展

commander n.指挥官

高手过招

用适当的介词填空（原创）①For the first time in years, she felt she was

command of her life.②The army is

the king‘s direct command.③The police arrived and took command

the situation.①in ②under/at/by ③of Page No.46 2.request vt.&n.请求；恳求；要求 常用结构：

request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事 request sth.from/of sb.向某人要求某物

request that sb.(should)do sth.要求某人做某事 make a request/requests 发出请求

at the request of sb.＝at sb.‘s request依照某人的请求 易混辨析

request/demand/require request表示―有礼貌的请求；正式的请求‖。

demand表示―有正当权利的要求‖，因此含有―坚决或强烈要求‖的意思。

require表示―要求所必须的东西；法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求‖。但它们也有不同之处： Page No.47 ①require和request都可以接宾语+to do sth.结构，而demand没有此种用法。但可以说demand of sb.to do sth.②require+动名词时，主动形式的动名词具有被动意义，而demand，request无此种用法。They are demanding higher wages.他们要求提高工资。

Do you require anything else? 你还要求（需要）别的吗？

Many people have requested this next song.许多人要求听下面这首歌。

They required me to keep silent.他们要求我保持沉默。The letter requested us to leave the house within six weeks.这封信要求我们六周内搬出这所房子。温馨提示

以上三个词的共同点是：从语法上看，request和demand，require都可以接that引导的宾语从句，并且在从句中要使用虚拟语气。

Page No.48 高手过招 单项填空 ①One of the requirements for a fire is that the material

to its burning temperature.（2010·陕西师大附中月考）

A.be heated

B.is heated C.would be heated

D.do heat ②—Why were you late for such an important concert? —The plane arrived at the airport after a

of three hours.（2010·陕西商洛一轮检测）

A.delay

B.rest

C.tour

D.request ①解析：选A。如同require, demand, order, suggest, advise, insist, request等动词要求其后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气一样，它们所对应的名词的同位语从句和表语从句也要求使用虚拟语气，即：should+动词原形。故选A。②解析：选A。上句询问―迟到的原因‖，因此下句中的名词应是与―迟到‖意义有关的名词，所以只能选择―延误‖。Page No.49 3.recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认 常用结构：

recognize sb.认出某人

recognize one‘s voice听出某人的声音 recognize...as...认定；承认……为……

recognize sb./sth....to be...认为某人/某事物是…… recognize that...承认……

When he walked out of the station, I recognized him immediately.当他从车站里走出来时，我立刻认出了他。

Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir.大家都承认他为合法继承人。Page No.50 高手过招 单项填空

—Oh, it‘s you!I

you.—I have just had my hair cut, and I‘m wearing new glasses.（2010·山东淄博六中检测）

A.hadn‘t recognized

B.haven‘t recognized C.didn‘t recognize

D.don‘t recognize

解析：选C。前句的句意为：哦，是你呀！我刚才没有认出你来。所以要用一般过去时。

4.direction n.［C］ 方向；方面;［U］指导；指挥 常用结构：

in the direction of 朝……的方向(=towards)in sb‘s direction 朝某人的方向(=towards sb.)under one‘s direction 在……指导下(=under the direction of sb.)Page No.51 Tom went off in one direction and Jack in another.汤姆往一个方向走，杰克往另外一个方向走。

Reforms are needed in many directions.许多方面都需要改革。He is walking in the direction of the police station.他正朝警察局的方向走去。

He glanced in her direction and their eyes met.他朝她这个方向一看，俩人的眼睛相遇了。

The singing group is under the direction of Mr Lee.合唱团由李先生指挥。温馨提示

direction意为―指示；指引；用法说明‖等，通常要用复数形式。注意：表示邮件上的―姓名地址‖时，也用复数形式。Follow the directions on the medicine bottle.请按药瓶上的说明服药。

Page No.52 高手过招

（1）单项填空

Those who learn theory must develop

the direction of practice.（2010·山东枣庄一轮验收）

A.to

B.on

C.in

D.for（2）完成句子（原创）①I gave Mary full

(地址)to enable her to find the post office.②He did the work

(在我的指导下).（1）解析：选C。in the direction of为固定搭配，意为―朝……方向‖。注意不要用介词to。（2）①directions

②under my direction 重点短语

5.more than one 意为―不止一个‖，虽然在意义上表示复数，但作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数，与many a(许多)用法一样；如果more修饰复数可数名词再跟than one作主语时，其谓语动词则要用复数。Page No.53 More than one member has protested against the proposal.不止一个成员反对这个建议。

More than one person has been concerned in this.这里面涉及的不仅是一个人。

More persons than one have been involved.涉及的不仅仅是一个人。联想拓展 ―more than+ adj.‖意为―很；非常‖。

在―more...than...‖中，肯定―more‖后面的，而否定―than‖后面的，意为―是……而不是……‖或者―与其……不如……‖。

―more than...can/could‖是英语里的一个常见结构，可把more than理解为not,表示否定，该结构意为―非……所能……；是……所不能……；不是……所能……‖。more often than not 经常；往往

In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments.做科学实验时，对待仪器必须非常小心才行。Page No.54 If you tell your father what you have done, he will be more than a little angry.如果你把所做的事情告诉你父亲，他会非常生气的。Catherine is more diligent than intelligent.与其说凯瑟琳聪明，不如说她勤奋。

高手过招

完成句子（原创）①当我的老朋友布莱恩怂恿我抽一支烟时，我可再也熬不住了。

When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was

.②可能的解释不止一个。There is

.①more than I could bear ②more than one possible explanation Page No.55 6.because of 因为；由于是介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词及what从句。She got hurt because of what you‘d said.她因为你的话而受到伤害。

due to 意为―由于‖常作表语，也作后置定语和状语。thanks to意为―多亏；由于‖只作状语。owing to意为―由于‖常作状语。as a result of意为―由于‖作状语。易混辨析

because/as/since/for because表示直接原因，语气最强。回答why提出的问题只能用because。在强调句型中，也只能用because。

as用于解释做某事的原因，语气较弱，通常位于主句前。

since表示的原因是指人们已知的事实，常意为―既然‖。语气比because弱，但比as强。通常位于主句前，并常与as换用。

for并列连词，连接并列分句，表示一种补充说明，是推测或判断的理由，语气较弱，不可位于主句前。有时可表示直接原因，相当于because。

Page No.56 高手过招 单项填空

①People crowded on the road and could not go forward

the traffic accident some cars had made.（2010·山西太原五中检测）

A.with

B.since C.because of

D.because ②People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her.,she is a great musician.（2010·陕西西安二中检测）

A.After all

B.As a result C.In other words

D.As usual ①解析：选C。考查表示―原因‖的几个词的用法。since与because都是连词，连接句子，with表示原因时，前面多是形容词。如His face was red with cold.他的脸冻得通红。because of为介词短语，后跟名词或动名词短语，故选C。②解析：选A。after all毕竟；as a result结果；in other words换句话说；as usual照例。根据题意选择A。Page No.57 7.come up 走近；上来；提出

The little boy came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。

We won‘t forget the day when we watched the sun come up on top of the Tai Mountain.我们不会忘记一同在泰山顶看日出的那天。

It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。The snowdrops are just beginning to come up.雪莲花刚刚开始长出地面。

I am afraid something urgent has come up.恐怕发生了什么急事。Page No.58 联想拓展

come true

变成现实，成为现实 come across

邂逅 come about

发生

come at

向……扑来,攻击 come from

来自

come out

出版;开花；结果是 come up with

想出

come round

绕道而来；苏醒 come down

落下,塌下

come over

（从远处）来到；横过 come into use

开始使用 how come...?(表示理解)……怎么回事？ when it comes to sth.当涉及某事时

How come her French is so bad if she spent 5 years in pairs? 她在巴黎待了5年，但她的法语怎么这么糟糕。When it comes to getting things done, he is useless.一涉及到做事，他便不中用了。Page No.59 高手过招

（1）单项填空

They aren‘t afraid when they

the difficulties in their study.（2010·河南镇平质量检测）

A.come up

B.come to C.come about

D.come out（2）用come构成的短语填空（原创）①The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear

him.②The magazine

once a month.③I wish you can

to England on your holiday.④The engineers have

new ways of saving energy.⑤They

an old school friend in the street this morning.Page No.60（1）解析：选B。考查短语辨析。come to此处意为―涉及，提到‖；come about意为―产生‖，如:How did the difference between American English and British English come about? come up意为―到来，来到‖；come out意为―出来，长出，发芽‖。（2）①came at ②comes out ③come over ④come up with ⑤came across 8.such as

例如……；像这样的 易混辨析

such as/for example/that is/and so on such as用来列举事物。通常插在被举例的带有解释性质的事物与前面的需要进行解释的名词之间，意为―比如；诸如……之类的‖，可与 like 互换，as 后不能有逗号。

for example同for instance一样起到补充说明的作用，表明在众多的内容中仅取一两个例子，可放在举例之前或之后，意为―例如，举个例子‖。Page No.61 that is 是后面列举的事物的总量等于它前面所提到的总和，相当于namely。也用that is to say。

and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用and so on进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出。

Boys like to play balls, such as football and basketball.男孩子喜欢打球，比如足球和篮球。

Some students, Li Jun, for example, live in the country.有些学生，如李军，住在农村。

I have three good friends, that is, John, Jack and Tom.我有三个好朋友，即约翰、杰克和汤姆。

There are some books, pens, erasers and so on in my bag.我的书包里有书、笔、橡皮等。Page No.62 高手过招 单项填空

A lot of countries have gained excellent achievements in space technology, China，.（2010·安徽合肥八中检测）

A.such as

B.for example

C.namely

D.and so on 解析：选B。四个词中只有for example 位置灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末。

9.play a part(in)扮演一个角色；参与

She plays an active part in local politics.她积极参与地方政治活动。

She played a major part in the success of the scheme.她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。Page No.63 联想拓展

take part(in sth.)参加, 参与（某事）

the best part of sth.（某事物的）绝大部分（尤指一段时间）for the most part整体上;通常;多半 for my part就我来说 高手过招

翻译句子（原创）①有多少国家要参加（世界杯赛）？ ②对我来说, 到哪儿吃饭都无所谓。①How many countries will be taking part(in the World Cup)? ②For my part, I don‘t mind where we eat.Page No.64 重点句型

10.Which country do you think has the most English learners? 你觉得学英语最多的是哪个国家？

do you think/believe/expect/find/know/suppose 作为插入语，放在特殊疑问词后，其他内容紧跟其后并用陈述语序。

What time do you expect we will come and pick you up？ 你希望我们几点来接你？

What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news？ 你认为他听到那个好消息后会做什么呢？

Why do you think their team could win the football match? 你认为他们队为什么能赢得那场足球赛呢？ Page No.65 高手过招 单项填空

─

is the best football player in your city? ─Jerry.（2010·江苏盐城质量检测）A.Do you think who B.Do you think whom C.Who do you think D.Whom do you think 解析：选C。句中主要部分为who is the best football player in your city。插入语为do you think。11.Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，（世界上）没有什么标准英语。

(1)believe it or not在句中用作插入语，意为―信不信由你；我说的是真的‖。Page No.66 联想拓展

常用作插入语的还有： generally speaking一般来说 frankly speaking坦白地说 judging from...从……来判断

to tell you the truth说真的；老实说 to be honest说实在的

to make matters worse更糟糕的是 高手过招

单项填空 ①

, boys are stronger than girls.（2010·江苏徐州质量检测）

A.To speak generally

B.Generally to speak C.Generally speaking

D.Generally spoken ②

the hat he , the man is a soldier.（2010·浙江温州一模）

A.Judging from;is wearing C.To judge by;putting B.Judging by;is having on

D.Judged by;is putting Page No.67（1）①解析：选C。插入语generally speaking意为―一般来说‖是固定搭配，指常规。②解析：选A。judging from为固定搭配，在这里judging不与the man形成逻辑上的主动或被动关系。wear, have on, dress都有―穿，戴‖的意思，但搭配和意义不同。wear和have on都可以表示―穿着‖的状态，然而have on没有进行时态；dress可以作及物和不及物动词，作不及物动词的意思是―穿衣‖，作及物动词时宾语是人。(2）such上述一类的；诸如此类的 联想拓展

no such...as没有这样的…… such as例如

such...as...像……这样的…… such...that...这样……以至于…… 易混辨析

such...that.../such...as...在such...that...结构中，that是从属连词，引导结果状语从句，在从句中不作成分。Page No.68 在such...as...结构中，as是关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中常作宾语。

He is reading such a book as you borrowed from the library last week.他在读的书和你上周从图书馆借来的一样。（as是关系代词，引导定语从句）

He is reading such an interesting book that I want to borrow it.他在读的书这么有趣，我想借来读读。（that引导结果状语从句）

高手过招

单项填空 ①Exercise is

as any other to lose unwanted weight.（2010·四川成都六中检测）A.so useful a way

B.as a useful way C.as useful a way

D.such a useful way ②I suggest that we should take part in more such activities in future we did yesterday.（2010·江西南昌一中二模）

A.which

B.as

C.that

D.than Page No.69（2）①解析：选C。as...as结构中出现单数可数名词时，不定冠词和名词应放在形容词之后。so...as只用于否定句，故不能选A。②解析：选B。当先行词被such修饰时，关系代词用as。Page No.70 Unit 3 Travel journal 核心单词 1.persuade vt.说服；劝服；使相信(同convince)常用结构：

persuade sb.of sth.使某人相信某事 persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事

persuade sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事

persuade sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不要做某事 persuade sb.that-clause 使某人相信…… Page No.71 联想拓展

talk sb.into/out of doing sth.=reason sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事

trick sb.into/out of doing sth.诱使某人做/不做某事 urge sb.into/out of doing sth.怂恿某人做/不做某事

易混辨析

advise/persuade advise 强调―劝告，建议‖的动作，不注重结果；而persuade强调―已经说服‖，重在结果。用法上：advise可跟v.-ing形式作宾语，也可以接that-clause（that sb.should do）,而persuade则不能。

I persuaded him of its truth.我使他相信这是真的。

We will persuade him to take the medicine.我们将说服他把药吃下去。

We persuaded her into taking the job.我们说服她接受了这份工作。

Page No.72 I persuaded my father out of smoking.我劝服父亲戒了烟。

She persuaded me that death does not end all.她说服我相信了死并不能结束一切。

He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to.即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去了。

He advised that we(should)leave early.他建议我们早点出发。

高手过招 单项填空 ①Alice trusts you;only you can

her to give up the foolish idea.（2010·安徽合肥八中检测）

A.suggest

B.attract

C.tempt

D.persuade ②Mr Li no longer smokes now because his wife

him to give up smoking last year.（2010·江苏常州检测题）

A.suggested

B.advised C.persuaded

D.told Page No.73 ①解析：选D。句意为：爱丽丝信任你，唯有你能说服她放弃这种愚蠢的想法。persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事;suggest劝说、建议，后不接动词不定式;attract 吸引;tempt 诱惑，引诱，均不符题意。故选D项。②解析：选C。考查advise sb.to do sth.和persuade sb.to do sth.的区别。advise sb.to do sth.意思是―劝某人做某事‖，强调动作，尤其是表达―劝而不服‖时多用此结构；persuade sb.to do sth.意思是―劝服某人做某事‖，强调结果。2.determine

vt.(使)决定,决心要;确定 常用结构：

determine + n./ pron.决(确)定

determine to do sth.决定做某事(表示动作，是非延续性动词短语)determine on／upon...决定…… determine that／what...决定…… Page No.74 determine sb．to do sth.使某人决定做某事 determine sb.against sth.使某人决定不做某事

be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表示状态，可与表示时间段的状语连用)We determine to go to the railway station at once.我们决定立刻去火车站。

The court determined that the man was guilty of assault.法庭裁定那个人犯了侵犯人身罪。

That determined her against leaving home.那件事使她决定不离开家了。联想拓展 determined adj.坚决的，有决心的 determination n.决心

I was determined to make it as a jazz musician.我决定要成为一名爵士乐音乐家。

Page No.75 温馨提示

be determined to do与determine to do 意思基本一致，但前者表示状态，可与某段时间状语连用；后者表示动作，是非延续性的动词短语。类似的短语还有：prepare for／be prepared for，worry about／be worried about。这类结构常考查分词作状语的用法。高手过招 单项填空

He left school early and as an adolescent，to make his fortune in America.（2010·江苏城头中学一轮检测）

A.is determined

B.had be determined C.determined

D.determining 解析：选C。考查determine的用法。根据句意应使用be determined to结构，此处determined为形容词作伴随状语。Page No.76 3.insist

v.坚持；坚决要求

You can come back later, if you insist.如果你一定要坚持，就稍后再来吧。常用结构：

insist on/upon sth./(sb‘s)doing sth.坚持某事/要求（某人）做某事 insist that....(should)坚持……

I still insist on my viewpoint.我仍然坚持我的观点。He insisted on paying for the meal.他坚持要付饭钱。Mother insisted on our washing the clothes by ourselves.妈妈坚决要求我们自己洗衣服。温馨提示

insist当―坚决要求‖解时，后面的从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语部分用―should+动词原形‖或直接用动词原形；如果insist当―坚持（认为；说）‖解时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气。

Page No.77 高手过招 单项填空 ①The man insisted

a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.（原创）A.find

B.to find

C.on finding

D.in finding ②I advised that he

to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he

quite well then.（2010·山东寿光一中一轮检测）A.be sent;was feeling B.was sent;felt C.be sent;feel D.should be sent;should feel ①解析：选C。insist on doing sth.是习惯搭配，意为―坚持做某事‖。②解析：选A。advise引导宾语从句，从句中的谓语动词不管什么人称都应用should do;should也可以省去，只用动词原形表述事实。insist在此处意为―坚持认为‖。故选A。Page No.78 4.once 用法较多，意思也比较丰富，既可以用作连词，也可以用作副词。

once用作连词时，意为―一旦……就……‖，连接时间状语从句，相当于as soon as。

once用作副词时，意为―曾经；一度；从前‖。它是一个不确定的时间副词，其位置一般是在行为动词之前，系动词之后。

once用作副词，也可意为―一次‖。Once you start, you will never give up.一旦开始了，你就不要放弃。

Physics is easy to learn once you understand the rules.一旦你理解了规则，物理就不难学了。

Once he lived in America, but now he lives in England.他曾经居住在美国，但现在他生活在英国。

His song was once very popular among the young people.他的歌曾经在年轻人中很流行。Page No.79 The old professor comes to see us once a week.那个老教授一周来看我们一次。

Tell us the story once more.把那个故事再给我们讲一遍。联想拓展

at once 立刻；马上

once again再一次；又一次（相当于once more）all at once突然（相当于suddenly)once upon a time很早以前；从前

once in a while偶尔；间或once/as soon as once偏重于条件，而as soon as偏重于时间。

Once you see the film, you‘d never forget it(不宜用as soon as).你一旦看了这部电影，你就永远不会忘记它。

As soon as he got off the plane, we wanted to say hello to him(不宜用once).他一下飞机，我们就想向他打招呼。

Page No.80 高手过招 单项填空 ①

environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem(生态系统)to recover.（原创）

A.Even if

B.If only

C.While

D.Once ②

you understand this rule, you‘ll have no further difficulty.（2010·山东烟台质量检测）

A.Once

B.Unless

C.As

D.Until ①解析：选D。句子为once引导的时间状语从句，意为―一旦；一……就……‖。句意为：一旦环境遭到损害，就需要许多年才能使生态系统恢复。even if引导让步状语从句，意为―尽管‖。if only意为―要是……就好了‖，引导从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气。while意为―当……的时候‖，引导从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。故选D。②解析：选A。考查由once引导的时间状语从句，意为―一旦‖。句意为：一旦明白了这条规则，就再也没有困难了。Page No.81 5.view

n.风景；视野；观点；见解

vt.观看；注视；考虑

The house has a view over the sea.这座房子面向大海，视野开阔。

What is your view on school punishments? 你对学校的处罚有什么看法？

The plan was viewed favorably.这项计划是受到称赞的。联想拓展

in one‘s view

在某人看来

come into view

进入视野，看得见 in full view(of sb./sth.)完全看得见 in view of sth.鉴于，考虑到，由于

with a view to sth.／to doing sth.为了，指望

Several possible buyers have come to view the house.几个可能是买主的人来看过房子。

Page No.82 高手过招 单项填空

On the top of this mountain, you can get a wonderful

of the nearby hills.原五中检测）

sight

B.view

C.distance

D.look 解析：选B。get a view of为固定搭配，意为―看到……的景象‖。

重点短语 6.care about 关心；担心；在乎；喜欢

I really care about my work.我真的关心我的工作。联想拓展

care for 喜爱；照顾；重视

take care 当心

take care of 照料;关怀;处理 under the care of 由……管理, 在……的照料下, 在……的保护下 Page No.83 with care 小心, 慎重

She doesn‘t care for that colour．她不喜欢那种颜色。

He spent years caring for his sick mother． 他数年里一直在照顾生病的母亲。

2010·山西太（I do care for what my teacher says.我的确尊重老师说的话。高手过招

（1）单项填空

That old man is so greedy(贪婪的)that he

nothing but money, not even his relatives.（原创）

A.look about

B.search for C.cares about

D.takes care of（2）完成句子（原创）①他一点也不关心别人，只想着自己。

He doesn‘t care

other people at all;he is always thinking of himself.②爱因斯坦对金钱不感兴趣，对薪水也不计较。

Einstein who cared little

money never cared

his salary.Page No.84(1)解析：选C。考查短语辨析。look about到处看；search for寻找，相当于look for；care about关心；在乎；take care of照料。(2)①about②for;about 7.change one‘s mind 改变主意

Maybe you‘ll change your mind after thinking it over.也许你仔细考虑之后会改变主意。联想拓展

make up one‘s mind(to do)下定决心（做某事）have a/no mind to do

有/无意做…… lose one‘s mind 失去理智

read one‘s mind 看出某人的心思 speak one‘s mind 直言不讳

be of the same mind 意见一致

be in/of two minds 拿不定主意 give one‘s mind to 注意…… keep one‘s mind on 专心于…… Page No.85 take one‘s mind off sth.转移某人的注意

bear/keep sth.in mind 记住某事 bring/call sth.to mind 回忆某事

put one‘s mind to sth.全神贯注于某事

I have made up my mind to leave, and nothing you say will change it.我已经下定决心要离开，不管你说什么我都不会改变主意了。①I‘ve made up my mind to be a doctor.②Nothing will make me change my mind.Page No.86 8.give in

屈服，让步，投降；上交 联想拓展 give in(to sb./sth.)向……让步

give up sth./doing

放弃（做）某事

give away 赠送；泄露

give back 归还；恢复

give off

放出，散发(光、热、烟、气味等)give out分配；分发；发布；（食物，燃料，电力等）被用光；筋疲力尽

Seeing that he could not persuade me, he had to give in(to my view).由于无法说服我，他不得不让步。

Our food supply at last gives out.我们的食物终于用完了。His strength gave out.他已筋疲力尽。

Page No.87 高手过招 单项填空

It is always the husband who

first when a quarrel breaks out between the young couple.（2010·山东聊城检测）

A.give away

B.gives out

C.gives in

D.gives off 解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：当年轻夫妻之间发生争吵时，最先让步的总是丈夫。give away 赠送，泄露，出卖；give out 分发，用完，消耗尽；give in 投降，屈服，让步；give off 放出，散发出。重点句型

9.Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train? 汽车和火车，你更喜欢使用哪种交通方式？

prefer to do(rather than do)意为―宁可；宁愿（表选择）‖或者―更喜欢做某事‖。其本身带有like better的含义，所以不能再与表示程度的better或more连用。Page No.88 联想拓展

prefer sth.喜欢某事/物

prefer doing sth.更喜欢做某事

prefer+to do sth.（表示特定场合下）更喜欢做某事 prefer sb.to do sth.宁愿某人做某事 prefer A to B/prefer doing A to doing B 宁愿……而不愿……

prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不愿做B prefer + that-clause(虚拟语气)+(should)+do 喜欢做某事

Do you prefer cooking for yourself or eating in a restaurant? 你是喜欢自己做饭还是下馆子？

Their father prefers them to be home early.他们的父亲宁愿他们早点回家。

I prefer writing a term paper to taking an examination.我宁愿写一篇学术论文也不愿参加考试。Page No.89 He preferred to die rather than become a traitor.他宁死也不做叛徒。Would you prefer that I（should）come on Monday instead of on Tuesday? 你宁愿让我星期一来而不是星期二来吗？

高手过招 单项填空

My sister

singing

dancing while I dance sing.（原创）A.prefers;to;would rather;than B.would rather;than;prefer;to

C.prefers;rather than;would rather;to D.would rather;to;prefer;to 解析：选A。考查固定搭配。prefer的搭配是prefer to do rather than do或prefer doing to doing；would rather的搭配是would rather do than do或would do rather than do，因此A项正确。

Page No.90 10.When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难，而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。―...the air would be hard to breathe...‖是―主语+系动词+形容词+不定式‖结构，其中不定式的谓语与主语在意义上是动宾关系，但要用主动形式表示被动意义，不定式后面如果是不及物动词要在其后加适当的介词与主语构成动宾关系。这一类的形容词通常可以描绘主语的情绪、态度、品质属性或者难易程度，如hard, difficult, easy, nice, interesting, important, pleasant和comfortable等。

Your writing is impossible to read.你写的字太难辨认了。Do you think the water is safe to drink? 你认为这水喝起来安全吗？

The chair looks rather hard, but it is very comfortable to sit on.这把椅子看上去很硬，但坐起来很舒服。Page No.91 高手过招

完成句子（原创）①有时候她很不容易理解。

She was difficult

at times.②他是唯一一个被授予这种荣誉的外国人。

He was the only foreigner

such an honour.①to understand

②to be given 11.A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.有决心的人总是努力完成工作，不管它有多么难。

no matter how...引导让步状语从句，意为―无论多么……‖，how后跟形容词或副词，相当于―however + adj./adv.‖句式。联想拓展

no matter意为―无论；不管‖时，引导让步状语从句，常用于下列句型中：no matter what(who/when etc.)...分别表示―无论何事‖、―无论何人‖、―无论何时‖等，这个从句可以置于主句之前，也可以置于主句之后。no matter后接关系代词或关系副词引导的状语从句在句中作让步状语。

Page No.92 注意：whatever, however, whoever etc.可引导状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。No matter what happened, he would not mind.=Whatever happened, he would not mind.不管发生什么，他都不在意。

（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they‘re given.（对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they‘re given.囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。

No matter how hard he works, he can not get a promotion.不管他工作多努力, 他就是得不到提升。

No matter what you do, you must be very careful.不管做什么事，你都必须非常细心。

No matter who you are(=Whoever you are), I‘ll never let you in.无论你是谁，我绝不让你进去。

No matter which you choose(=Whichever you choose), you will be satisfied.不论你选择哪一个，你都会满意的。

No matter where I go(=Wherever I go), I will be thinking of you.无论我去哪里，我都会想着你。

Page No.93 高手过招 单项填空 ①

the problem may be, we must solve it ourselves.（2010·山东威海一轮验收）A.Whatever difficult

B.How difficult

C.However difficult

D.No matter what difficult ②It is generally considered unwise to give a child

he or she wants.（2010·山东枣庄检测）

A.however

B.whatever C.whichever

D.whenever ①解析：选C。句意为：不管问题有多难，我们都要独立解决。difficult为形容词，因此用how修饰，表示程度。however在这里没有转折的意思，相当于no matter how，因此答案为C。②解析：选B。考查从属关联词的用法。whatever等于anything that或everything that，引导宾语从句。whatever一方面起引导词的作用，同时作从句中wants的宾语。Page No.94 Unit 4 Earthquakes 核心单词 1.burst

vt.& vi.(burst, bursting)爆炸；胀裂；突然而起；闯入； 充满；满盈；n.突然破裂；爆发 联想拓展

burst out 迸发；突然发作；突然……起来 burst open推开；忽然打开； 裂开 burst through冲开；冲破；拨开

burst in upon打断(谈话等)；突然出现； 突然到达 burst in/ into闯入； 突然出现； 突然……起来； 突然发作 Page No.95 另外，burst into后接名词时可表示不同的意义： burst into laughter突然大笑起来 burst into tears突然大哭起来 burst into cheers突然欢呼起来

burst out后接动名词也表示同样的意思 burst out laughing/crying 突然大笑/哭起来 高手过招 单项填空

Every time

he thought of his past, he couldn‘t help bursting(2010·济南一模)A.when;out tears

B.that;into crying C.which;into tears

D./;out crying 解析：选D。burst out后接v.-ing形式，every time 相当于连词，引导状语从句。故选D。Page No.96 2.event

n.事件；大事；比赛项目

The new book was the cultural event of the year.这本新书的出版是今年文化界的大事。Coming events cast their shadows before.未来之事先有征兆。

The next event will be the 100-metre race.下一个比赛项目是100米赛跑。常用结构：

at all events 无论怎样 in any event 无论如何 in the event of 万一；倘若

In the event of rain, the game will be postponed.要是下雨，球赛就延期。Page No.97 易混辨析

occurrence/event/incident/accident occurrence系常用词, 指―任何发生的事件‖。event 指―有重要意义的历史事件、重大事件‖。incident指―事件‖, 尤指―比较不重要的小事件‖。accident指―意外事故‖。高手过招 单项填空 ①The National Day and the International Labour Day are great

in our country.(2010·河南镇平二轮)A.things

B.incidents C.accidents

D.events

.②How many

are going to be held in this Summer Olympic Games?(2010·江苏启东一轮)A.accidents

B.incidents C.events

D.sports Page No.98 ①解析：选D。考查词义辨析。things是普通用词，指―情况；状况‖；incident意为―事情；发生的事（常指小事）‖；accident意为―事故‖，强调未预料到的事情；event的意为―事件‖，多指大事件。②解析：选C。考查词义辨析。accident意为―事故‖，指没有料到的恶性事件。incident指―事件‖，多指不是很重要的事情。event多指―政治性的事件‖，尤指大事。event也可以指（体育运动中的）比赛项目。3.rescue n.&vt.援救，营救 常用结构：

rescue sb./ sth.from sb./ sp.把……从……营救出来 come to/ go to sb‘s rescue = rescue sb.援救某人

a rescue team 救援队

a rescue mission 救援任务

rescue workers 救援人员 Page No.99 The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。

The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake.营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。Michael rescued a boy from drowning.迈克尔把溺水的男孩救了起来。高手过招

用rescue的适当形式填空（原创）①The mother, along with her two children，from the sinking boat by a passing ship.②The firemen

five children from the burning house yesterday.①has been rescued ②rescued Page No.100 4.judge

n.法官；鉴赏家；裁判 vt.判断；估计

His father used to be a judge.他的父亲过去是一名法官。She‘s a good judge of wine.她是鉴别酒的专家。The blind can‘t judge colours.盲人无法判断颜色。Don‘t judge a man by his looks.不要以貌取人。联想拓展

judgment n.判断，辨别力

judge sb./ sth.by/from 通过……判断…… as far as I judge 我认为 judging from...从……来看，根据……判断

Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man.从他所说的话来看，他是个诚实的人。

Page No.101 高手过招(1)单项填空

the hat he , the old man is a farmer.(2010·山东日照检测)A.Judging from;is wearing B.Judging by;is having on C.To judge by;putting D.Judged by;is putting

（2）用judge的适当形式填空（原创）①

from his appearance, he must be a rich man.②In her

, he must be from the south.(1)解析：选A。judging from为固定搭配，此处judging不与the old man形成逻辑主动或被动关系。wear, have on, dress都有―穿，戴‖的意思，但搭配和意义不同。wear和have on都可以表示―穿着‖的状态，然而have on没有进行时态；dress可以作及物和不及物动词，作不及物动词时意为―穿衣‖，作及物动词时宾语是人。(2)①Judging ②judgment Page No.102 5.ruin

vt.毁坏；毁灭。既可指实际的东西，也可指抽象的东西。n.［U］毁坏；毁灭 ［C］（常用作复数）废墟 联想拓展

in ruins严重损坏；破败不堪；落空

bring come to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产 bring ruin upon oneself自取灭亡

fall/go to ruin毁灭, 灭亡;崩溃;破坏掉

ruin oneself毁掉自己 易混辨析

destroy/ruin/damage/harm destroy 表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上的彻底摧毁，使之无法恢复，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏。

ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。Page No.103 damage 一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用。这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果，也可以指非暴力的长期损害的结果。harm 一般指伤害有生命的东西，常指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等。What he faced ruined his hope.他所面对的使他的希望破灭了。

The whole city was destroyed in the earthquake.整个城市在地震中被毁掉了。

Laziness will ruin one‘s prospects.懒惰会使人自毁前程。We wanted to have a look at the ruins of Pompeii.我们想看一下庞贝城的废墟。

They managed to repair the houses that had been damaged.他们设法修复了受到破坏的房子。Page No.104 高手过招 单项填空 ①I was

by that law case.I‘m a man.(2010·11·西安月考)A.ruined;ruined

B.ruined;destroying C.damaged;destroyed

D.destroyed;damaging ②Many old temples

ruins are now being rebuilt.（原创）A.on

B.by

C.with

D.in ①解析：选A。句意为：我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产，不名一文。ruin常用于借喻中，指损坏到了不能再使用的程度；damage不能指人，只指物；destroy指完全彻底地破坏，含有无法修复之意，也可用于借喻。第二个空应用过去分词作定语，表被动和完成之意。②解析：选D。in ruins为固定搭配，意为―处于颓废状态‖。Page No.105 6.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸于 联想拓展

be buried alive 被活埋

be buried under 为……所压倒；沉浸于,忙于

bury(oneself)in 埋头于；专心于；退居于(乡间等)=be buried in bury one‘s head in the sand

自欺欺人，逃避现实（来自鸵鸟的习性）The house was half buried under snow.房子一半被埋在雪中。

If you continue to bury your head in the sand and refuse to recognize the fact that some of your classmates are catching up with you, it won‘t be long before you find yourself left behind.如果你再拒绝承认你的一些同班同学已经赶上来了这一事实，那么不用多久，你就会发现自己落后了。

Page No.106 高手过招

选词填空（burying/buried）（原创）

I have a sigh, my head

in my hands.buried 重点短语 7.right away 立刻，马上

I‘ll return the book to you right away.我会马上还书给你。If war breaks out, we shall be called up right away.如果战争爆发，我们将立即被征召服役。联想拓展 right now=at once=immediately=in no time立刻，马上

Page No.107(1)解析：选D。考查短语辨析。in no time意为―片刻之后‖，而 in a flash意为―片刻之间‖。

(2)I want it typed right away, please.Page No.108 8.think of 认为；考虑 联想拓展

think poorly of不放在眼里；轻视

think twice 再三考虑

think little/nothing of轻视；忽略

think much/highly of重视；看重，评价高 What do you think of...?认为……怎么样？ think about考虑；回想；想起 think of考虑；记忆，记起

think sth.over仔细想；谨慎思考；作进一步考虑 think sth.out认真考虑；仔细盘算 think sth.up想出，发明 Page No.109 The government thinks highly of his invention because it will benefit the whole country.政府非常重视他的发明，因为它将有益于全国人民。

The foolish boss thought little of my suggestions on that project.那个愚蠢的老板根本就不重视我对那项工程的建议。He is thinking about travelling in the summer holidays.他正在考虑暑假旅游的事。

I can‘t think of his name at the moment.我一时想不起他的名字。

Please think over what I said.请仔细考虑我说的话。

He thought out a new idea.他盘算出了一个新主意。高手过招 单项填空 ①How did you think

such a clever way out of difficulty?（原创）A.over

B.about

C.up

D.on ②Can you

a way of solving the problem?（原创）A.discover

B.invent up

C.think up

D.invent Page No.110 ①解析：选C。句意为：你怎样想出如此明智的办法摆脱困境？其他选项与think搭配无―想出‖之意。②解析：选C。think up在这里相当于think of，意为―考虑，思考‖。9.at an end

结束，终结（= finish）联想拓展

end n.&v.结事，终结 与end搭配的常用短语

at the end of在……末尾 by the end of到……末为止 in the end最后，终于

at a loose end无所事事；处于杂乱状态 make ends meet收支相抵

The war was finally at an end.战争终于结束了。Page No.111 ①by the end of ②in the end

③at the end of 10.instead of

代替，而不是

The Chinese use chopsticks instead of knives and forks.中国人不用刀叉,用筷子。

Instead of working, Jack was idling away his time.杰克不去工作,虚度着光阴。

She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday.她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。Page No.112 易混辨析

instead/instead of/in place of/take the place of instead 是副词，单独使用，用于句首或句末作状语，意为―而是，相反‖。

instead of 是复合介词，后接名词、代词、或动名词，意为―代替、而不……‖。

in place of 为介词短语，也是―代替、而不‖的意思，表示―以甲代乙‖，而instead of则是―用甲不用乙‖，除―代替‖外，还有对乙否定的意思，有时意为―不‖。take the place of(replace)作谓语，用在名词、代词前。高手过招 单项填空 ①—I think we should buy a new curtain

this one.—Yes.It looks a bit ugly

.(2010·江西赣州一轮)A.to replace;as it is B.to in place of;now

C.to take the place of;as it was D.instead of;than that one Page No.113 ②We will go there on foot

by bus.What about you?(2010·11·福建福州月考)A.instead

B.instead of

C.without

D.but ①解析：选A。to replace为不定式作目的状语。as it is意为―现在的样子‖。②解析：选B。instead of意为―用一种形式代替另一种形式‖。C项有一定干扰性，without意为―在没有……的情况下‖，因此不合题意。11.the number of 意为―……的数量、数目‖，作主语时谓语动词用单数；a number of意为―一些，很多‖，相当于 many, 后接可数名词复数，当它作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The number of competitors is limit.参赛者的数量是有限的。A number of problems have arisen.已经出现了一些问题。Page No.114 a large /great/good number of；a great/good many;a good few/quite a few+可数名词复数，意为―大量的‖；

a great/good deal;a great/ large amount of;quite a little+ 不可数名词，意为―大量的‖；

a lot of/lots of;a great /large quantity of;large quantities of/ plenty of +可数名词复数/不可数名词均可，意为―大量的‖。但是a great/large quantity of..., large quantities of...作主语时谓语动词与quantity形式一致。高手过招 单项填空

During the past two years, the number of automobile accidents in New York City

decreased.(2010·11·山东烟台月考)A.have

B.has

C.was

D.were

解析：选B。the number of+复数名词，其主语是number，故谓语动词用单数，意为―……的数量‖。Page No.115 重点句型

12.In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。

―too + adj./adv.+动词不定式‖结构简称为―too...to‖结构，在大多数情况下表示否定意义，通常可意为―太……而不能……;太……无法……‖。―too...to‖结构表示否定的常见句型有：

too +adj./adv.+ to do，有时too后也可跟一个起形容词作用的过去分词。too...to/to be done形式。这是―too...to‖结构中不定式为被动式时的变体，如果主语是不定式动作的承受者，不定式既可以用主动式，也可以用被动式，此时用主动式虽然在形式上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的。

too + adj.+ a(an)+ n.+ to + v./to be done形式。这个句型在too+ adj.后再接一个带不定冠词的名词，不定冠词一定要放置于形容词后。与此同时，只有当too后形容词修饰一个可数名词时，才可以在形容词与名词间加不定冠词―a/an‖。当句子主语能发出该不定式的动作时，可以用to + v.的主动式，当主语是该不定式动作的承受者时，则用to be + v.-ed的被动式。Page No.116 温馨提示

并不是所有―too...to‖结构的句子都表示否定意义，在下列情况下，―too...to‖结构可以表示肯定意义：

―too...to‖结构之前带有but, only, all, never, not时，是强调肯定的表示法，意为―非常……，十分……，实在……，真是太……‖等。

―too...to‖结构中带有表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词或副词，如ready，eager, satisfied, kind, willing, easy, anxious等加动词不定式结合成一个不可分割的状态、态度、倾向或心情等，并且其后的不定式不是说明too的具体内容，而是修饰形容词，故不定式不再表示结果。在―too...to‖结构中，不定式为否定式时，是构成的双重否定，其意为―非常/很/太/那么……不会不/必定能/所以能……‖，也不表示否定意义。

Page No.117 I，m too tired to think of anything now.我太累了，什么也不能想了。

The tea is too hot to drink/to be drunk.茶太热，不能喝。The shoes are too badly broken to be mended.这些鞋子破烂得不能修补。

He，s too experienced an artist to mind what the critics say.(＝As an artist he，s too experienced to mind what the critics say.)他是个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不会介意批评家说些什么。

He is too experienced an artist to be worried by what the critics say.他是一个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不至于为批评家们的议论而担忧。I am but too glad to do so.我非常喜欢这样做。

He was too anxious to do this job.他非常想做这件工作。

The girl is too careful not to do it well.这姑娘很细心，完全能做好那件事。Page No.118 高手过招 单项填空

—He seems

tired to do it.—But I am only

glad to do it.(2010·江苏常州一轮)A.very;too

B.extremely;too too;too

D.very;very 解析：选C。第一空为too...to 太……而不能……，第二空前有only所以too...to强调肯定，意为―非常、十分‖。

13.It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日！联想拓展

as if=as though意为―仿佛，像，似乎‖。通常用在be，look，seem，sound，taste，smell及feel等连系动词的后面。如果表示真实情况应该用陈述语气；如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气, 其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。引导方式状语从句时也要用虚拟语气。Page No.119 注意：as if(though)后面除了跟句子外，还可以跟名词、动词不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语和分词。

另外，as if(though)还可以表达感叹语气，来对某项建议、假设和推测表示不赞成、惊讶、不满和厌恶等。

How wild his white hair looked as if it had been electrified!他的白发十分凌乱，好像触了电似的。(虚拟语气)She seems as if she is going to cry.她似乎要哭了。(陈述事实)As if anyone would believe that story！好像有人竟会相信那样的事！

As if we were all stupid and he alone clever！

哼，就仿佛我们都是傻瓜，只有他一个人聪明似的。He raised his hand as if to take off his hat.他举起他的手，好像要取下帽子。He behaved as if nothing had happened.他表现的好像什么也没发生。

Page No.120 高手过招

（1）单项填空

—Will you go to the exhibition tomorrow? —Yes, I will go

it，s windy.(2010·11·山东滨州月考)A.as if

B.even though C.as soon as D.as though（2）翻译句子（原创）①你像是见了鬼似的。②这个男孩向四周察看，像在寻找什么东西。

(1)解析：选B。even though相当于even if，引导让步状语从句，意为―即使‖；as if（though）引导方式状语从句；as soon as引导时间状语从句。(2)①You looked as if you had seen a ghost． ②The boy looked about as if in search of something． Page No.121 14.All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。

all, both, each, every, everyone, everything, always, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether等具有总括意义的词后跟否定词not连用时，一般都表示部分否定，其中all, both, each, every无论在not之前还是之后，都表示部分否定。

但如果句子中出现下列单词或短语则该句为全部否定：none of+n./pron.;neither+n./pron.;no+n.;nothing；nobody；neither；never；nowhere；neither...nor等。All that glitters is not gold.发光的不一定都是金子。

Not all body languages mean the same thing in different countries.并非所有的肢体语言在不同的国家里都有相同的意思。Each machine here is not produced in our plant.这里的机器不全是我们厂生产的。Page No.122 高手过招 单项填空

We couldn‘t eat in a restaurant because

of us had

money on us.（原创）

A.all;no

B.any;no C.none;any

D.no one;any 解析：选C。考查全部否定。句意为：因为我们大家身上都没带钱，所以不能在饭店里吃饭。故选C项。Page No.123 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero 核心单词 1.quality n.［U,C］质，质量，品质；特性（既可用于描述物品，也用于描述人物）［C］性质；特性；特点 Modesty is one of his good qualities.谦虚是他的美德之一。

One quality of wood is that it can burn.木料的一个特点是能燃烧。Page No.124 常用结构：

high quality 优质 poor quality 劣质

average quality 一般的品质

Wine of high quality costs more than that of poor quality.优质的葡萄酒比劣质的葡萄酒价格要高。易混辨析

quality/quantity quality 质，质量 quantity 数量；大量

For study, quality often matters more than quantity.就学习而言，质量往往比数量更重要。

Quantities of food were on the table.桌上摆了大量食物。There is a small quantity of water left in the bottle.瓶子里还剩下少量的水。Page No.125 高手过招

完成句子(原创)①他仔细检查家具的品质。

He examined

carefully.②他具备了一个成功商人应具有的所有品质。

He has

of a successful businessman.①the quality of the furniture ②all the qualities Page No.126 2.devote vt.献身；专心于 常用结构：

devote oneself/one‘s energy/one‘s time to(doing)sth.奉献/精力/时间于某事

sb.be devoted to(doing)sth.某人献身做某事 He devoted all his life to China‘s aviation.他的一生都奉献给了中国的航空事业。

He‘s devoted his whole life to the protection of the rare animals.他终生献身于保护珍稀动物。He is devoted to helping the poor.他致力于帮助穷困的Page No.127 联想拓展

类似于devote...to...的结构中to为介词的词组还有： object to 反对

attend to 办理；照顾；注意听 look forward to 期待；盼望be opposed to 反对

devote...to 贡献给……stick to 坚持

lead to 导致pay attention to 注意到

be related to 与……有关see to 务必做到； 负责…… refer to 提到；指的是turn to 翻到； 求助于 高手过招 单项填空

The idea for the new machine came to Mr Baker

to his invention.(2010·陕西师大附中月考)A.while he was devoted

B.while devoting C.while devoting himself

D.while devoted 解析：选A。考查be devoted to这一结构。注意不要误选D项，因为主句的主语the idea与从句的主语Mr Baker/he不一致，因此从句中的主语和谓语动词he was不能省略。

Page No.128 3.equal

adj.相同的；平等的 vt.等于，比得上 n.同等/相等的人或物

He asked us to cut the apple into three equal pieces.他让我们把苹果切成三等份。

None of us can equal her in intelligence.我们中没人能在智力方面比得上她。常用结构：

be equal to sth./doing sth.胜任某事/ 做某事 A equals BA等于B without equal/have no equal 无与伦比/无比

Are you equal to(doing)the task?你能胜任这项工作吗？ Yao Ming is a basketball player without equal in China.在中国，姚明是个无与伦比的篮球运动员。Page No.129 高手过招 单项填空

He doubted whether she would be

to the task.（原创）equal

B.similar

C.familiar

D.content 解析：选A。be equal to sth.胜任，符合句意。content意为―满意的，满足的‖不符句意，其他选项也均与句意不符。

4.reward n.报答；酬金（为某些特殊服务提供或给予的金钱）vt.酬谢，奖赏；报应；惩罚（坏人或坏事）常用结构：

as a reward(for)作为（对某事的）报酬（或奖赏）give/ offer a reward to sb.for sth.为某事而给某人报酬 in reward for 为酬答……；作为奖励……

reward sb.(with...)for sth.为某事（而以……）报答…… Page No.130 易混辨析

reward/award/prize reward表示―奖赏，酬谢‖，动词只能以人或人的行为作宾语，名词表示某人因做了某事而应得到某东西。

award 作名词指正式或官方 ―给予，颁发，授予‖（奖章，奖金等），也可以指法庭裁决；作动词时可以跟两个宾语，award sb.sth.把某物授予/判给某人。

prize只能作名词，表示―奖赏、奖金、奖品‖，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。It‘s a reward for virtue.那是对美德的回报。

It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.他工作很辛苦，报酬却很少，这不公平。

How can I reward your kindness? 我如何酬谢你的好意呢？

Jim rewarded the boy a pound for bringing back the lost dog.男孩把吉姆丢失的狗带了回来，为此吉姆奖赏给他一英镑。

Page No.131 高手过招 单项填空 ①Martin Luther King, a great Black leader in the movement against racial discrimination, was

the Nobel Prize for peace for his outstanding contribution to world peace.(2010·11·河南洛阳月考)A.rewarded

B.given

C.awarded

D.offered ②They

the winners with gifts of fruit and flowers.（原创）A.rewarded

B.awarded

C.charged

D.paid ③The girl got nothing in

for her kindness, which made her very sad.A.prize

B.award

C.medals

D.reward Page No.132 ①解析：选C。句意为：反对种族歧视运动的杰出黑人领袖马丁·路德·金，因其对世界和平的突出贡献而被授予诺贝尔和平奖。award指正式或官方的―授予，颁发‖。②解析：选A。考查固定搭配。句意为：他们送给获胜者水果和鲜花作为奖赏。reward sb.with...用……酬劳某人。③解析：选D。由句意可知，应该是对做好事的报答。in reward for 为……而报答。重点短语

5.out of work 失业

Jim has been out of work for several months.吉姆已经失业几个月了。

Mary‘s cell phone has been out of work for several days, which brought her a lot of inconvenience.玛丽的手机坏了好几天了，这给她带来了很多不便。Page No.133 联想拓展

in work有工作

out of breath上气不接下气 out of patience 不耐烦 out of use 没用了 out of date过时

out of order次序颠倒；出故障 out of control失控

out of danger脱离危险

out of shape变形

Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见, 心不烦。

高手过招

用适当的介词（短语）填空（原创）①Although my computer is

date now, it's still

use.②After the fourth operation, the patient has been

danger.①out of;in ②out of Page No.134 6.as a matter of fact

事实上

It was cold.As a matter of fact, it was freezing.天很冷。事实上，冷得要命。联想拓展

as a matter of fact=in fact/in actual fact/actually/in reality/to tell the truth 实际上；事实

to make matters worse 让事情更糟糕的是 it doesn‘t matter 没有关系 高手过招 单项填空

It rained that day., our car broke down on the way.(2010·江苏泰州一轮检测)A.In fact

B.Actually C.To make matters worse

D.To tell the truth 解析：选C。to make matters worse让事情更糟糕的是。根据句 意可知，C项符合。

Page No.135 7.blow up

vi.爆炸；突然严峻；大发雷霆

vt.炸毁；给……充气；放大（照片）

My father blew up when I didn't come home last night.我昨晚没回家，父亲大发雷霆。

Stop at the gas station and we'll blow up the tyres.在加油站停一下，我们要给轮胎打气。联想拓展

blow away刮走，吹走 blow down(风)刮倒

blow off 吹掉；将（热水、蒸汽等）放出 blow out 吹熄；（电线）烧断

blow over(暴风雨等)吹散，刮倒；（坏天气）大风平息 Page No.136 高手过招 单项填空

A short circuit will

the fuse(保险丝).（原创）A.blow up

B.blow off C.blow out

D.blow over 解析：选C。句意为：短路会烧断保险丝。根据句意可知，答案选C。8.in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 Please telephone us when you are in trouble.遇到困难时就给我们打电话。联想拓展

have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困难。其中的介词 in 在口语中通常可省略。

take(the)trouble to do sth.在这一结构中，其中的冠词用不用均可，但含义稍有不同：用冠词，表示不怕费事或不怕麻烦而去做某事；不用冠词，表示尽心尽力或费尽心血而去做某事。Page No.137 go to(the)trouble to do（of doing）sth.不辞辛劳做某事/费心做某事

give sb.trouble/put sb.to trouble麻烦某人；打扰某人 have trouble with...有……病痛；同……闹纠纷 We had no trouble(in)finding his office.我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。

He took the trouble to show me the way to the station.他不嫌麻烦地为我去火车站而指路。

He went to the trouble of finding out when our train was leaving.他费心为我们打听到了我们乘坐的火车的开车时间。I don‘t like giving trouble to people I don‘t know.我不愿意给我不认识的人添麻烦。The man often has trouble with his wife.这个男人经常与他的妻子闹矛盾。

Page No.138 高手过招 单项填空

Even an experienced climber can

to reach the summit.(2010·河南郑州一轮检测)A.get into trouble

B.make trouble ask for trouble

D.take trouble over 解析：选A。句意为：即使是一个很有经验的登山者，想要到达顶峰也有可能遇到困难。句中的can表示―有可能‖。get into trouble 陷入困境，因做某事而招致惩罚，危险等；ask for trouble 自找麻烦，自讨苦吃；make trouble 引起麻烦；take trouble over sth.在某事上费心思。根据句意选A。

9.turn to

求助于；依赖；翻到；询问

We have to turn to some bigger companies for technical help.我们不得不向一些更大的公司寻求技术援助。Page No.139 联想拓展

turn against背叛

turn down（音量）关小；拒绝 turn in上交

turn...into...(使……)成为……

turn off关掉(水源、煤气、电灯等)；避开(问题等)turn on打开(水、煤气、电灯、无线电等)turn over(使)打翻/翻身/翻动/翻耕(土地)/转危为安 turn up开大；出现；找到 by turns轮流；交替 in turn依次；轮流

turn out证明是；结果是

Nobody will turn against his country.没有人会背叛自己的国家。Page No.140 Please turn down the television.请把电视机的音量调小点儿。

He turned down my suggestion without hesitation.他毫不犹豫地拒绝了我的建议。

The child picked up a purse and turned it in to the policeman.那个孩子捡到了一个钱包，然后把它交给了警察。The farmers are turning waste land into rice fields.农民们正把荒地变成肥沃的田地。

Don't forget to turn all the lights off before you go to bed.在你上床之前，不要忘记把所有的灯都关上。

The man turned over and went to sleep again when the telephone rang.当电话铃响的时候，那个人翻了个身，又睡着了。Page No.141 高手过招(1)单项填空 ①In the new city there wasn‘t a single person

the poor boy could turn for help.(2010·辽宁本溪月考)A.that

B.who C.from whom

D.to whom ②We had a good many anxious moments, but everything

all right in the end.(2010·江苏南京一轮)A.turned down

B.turned on C.turned out

D.turned to(1)①解析：选D。turn to sb.for help为固定搭配，意思是―求助于‖某人。②解析：选C。turn out 在句中的意思是―变得；证明是；结果是‖，为连系动词；turn down调低；拒绝；turn on打开；turn to参考；转向；求助于。Page No.142(2)用与turn搭配的适当介词填空（原创）①The key you lost has turned

.②Nothing could make the brave man turn

his motherland.③Don't rush.Please wait in line and get on the bus

turn.④He asked his teacher to give him the chance one more time but his teacher turned him

.⑤Be sure to turn the lights

when you leave the classroom.(2)①up ②against ③in ④down ⑤off 10.lose heart 丧失勇气或信心

He failed many times, but he didn‘t lose heart.他失败了许多次，但他并没有失去信心。No matter what you do, never lose heart.不管你做什么，千万不要失去信心。Page No.143 lose one‘s job失业

lose one‘s balance失去平衡 lose one‘s breath上气不接下气 lose one‘s heart(to sb./sth.)爱上 lose one‘s life丧生;遇害 lose face丢脸;受屈辱 lose hope失去希望 高手过招 翻译句子 ①不要失去信心，一切都会好起来的。

②她喜欢上了一位年轻士兵。①Don‘t lose heart, all will turn out well.②She lost her heart to a young soldier.Page No.144 重点句型

11....only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。

only 修饰的时间、条件、方式状语等放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。Only then did she realize she had made mistakes.直到那时她才意识到她所犯的错误。Only when he came back did I go to bed.当他回来的时候，我才上床睡觉。温馨提示

only 放在句首修饰状语时，主句部分要倒装，修饰主语、宾语时，则不倒装。Only you understand me.只有你了解我。

Page No.145 高手过招 单项填空 I failed in the final examination last term and only then

the importance of studies.(2010·山东青岛二中月考)A.I realized

B.I had realized C.had I realized

D.did I realize 解析：选D。only then位于句首时句子用倒装结构，realize的动作在fail之后发生，故选过去时。

12.He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习。should have done 本应该做某事（但实际上并没有做）/对过去已发生的事情的推测。ought to= should 但在语气上比should要强。Page No.146 温馨提示

情态动词+have done的用法小结：

must+have done 表示对过去情况的推测，只用于肯定句中，意为―一定……‖，其否定的意义用can‘t+have done表示。

can/could have done 对过去已发生的情况的推测，用于疑问句或否定句中。could+have done本来有能力做而实际上没有做 needn‘t+have done本来不必做的事，实际上却做了 might have done本来可以做而实际上未做。may(might)+have done表示对过去的推测，多用在陈述句，意为―也许；可能……‖。用might 比用 may 语气更加委婉。

would+have done 用于虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反。He ought not to have taken the old clothes away.他不该把旧衣服带走。（事实上已带走。）The street is wet.It must have rained last night.路面是湿的，昨天晚上肯定下雨了。Page No.147 If I could have stopped, there wouldn‘t have been an accident.如果我能够停下来，事故就不会发生了。I needn‘t have gone to the office yesterday.昨天我没必要去办公室。

Please don‘t do that.You might both have been caught and killed!请不要那样做。你们俩很有可能被抓住然后被杀掉！

易混辨析

should/ought to ①两者均有―应该‖之意，should多表示说话人主观建议，ought to多表示道义和责任。Doctors and nurses should take good care of patients.医生和护士应该仔细照顾病人。You shouldn‘t drink and drive.你不该喝了酒还开车。Page No.148 You ought to be blushed at your conduct.你应该为你自己的行为感到羞愧。②两者均可表示预测，意为―应该会，可能‖。We should/ought to arrive there before dark.我们应该会在天黑前到达那里。

It‘s twelve o‘clock now.She should/ought to have already got there.现在已经12点了。她应该已经到那里了。联想拓展

should的其他用法： ①虚拟从句中，表示―假如；万一‖；

If you should change your mind, do let we know.如果你想要改变主意，让我们知道。

In case you should need any help, here is my number.假如你需要任何帮助，给我打电话，这是我的电话号码。Page No.149 ②应该，必须

She recommended that/she(should)take some time off.她建设应该休假。③表示惊讶，遗憾。

It‘s strange that she should have done such a thing.她能做好这样的事情，真让人觉得奇怪。

高手过招 单项填空 ①—I missed the first part of the film.It was really a pity.—You

home half an hour earlier.(2010·福建厦门一轮检测)A.should have left

B.must have left C.should leave

D.must leave ②—Do you think he is lazy? —I

so once, but I don‘t now.(2010·浙江杭州一轮检测)A.may have thought

B.can have thought C.may think

D.might think Page No.150 ①解析：选A。第一句句意为：我错过了这部电影的第一部分，真遗憾。根据第一句，答句的句意应为：你本应该提前半小时出家门。故选A。②解析：选A。从答语可知，空格处的意思是―曾经这样想过‖，即对过去情况作推测，故应用―情态动词＋动词完成时‖；又因为 can 表推测时不用于肯定句中，故选A。Page No.151 必修Page No.152 Unit 1 Cultural relics Page No.153 核心单词 1.survive

vi.生还，幸存；流传下来;幸免

vt.经历……而幸存；比……活的时间长 常用结构：

survive on sth.靠……生存（意思等同于live on sth.）survive sb.(by...)

比某人多活…… Page No.154 Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.在这次撞车事故受伤的6个人中，只有2个人活了下来。I can‘t survive on $20 a week.每周20美元无法维持我的生活。

Few buildings in Beichuan County survived the big earthquake on May 12, 2008.在2008年5月12日的大地震中，北川县残留的建筑物寥寥无几。She survived her husband by ten years.她丈夫去世后她又活了10年。联想拓展

survival n.存活，幸存；残存；遗留；旧风俗 survivor n.生还者，幸存者 Page No.155 高手过招

完成句子

（原创）①The old couple

从战争中幸存下来）.②His only chance of

（生存）was a heart transplant.③In the terrible accident, there were no

（幸存者）.答案：①survived the war ②survival ③survivors Page No.156 2.select vt.挑选；选择 易混辨析

select/choose/elect/pick out 四个词均含有―选译‖之意。

select强调在广泛的范围内进行―精选或淘汰‖，侧重以客观为标准进行选择。choose为普通用词，侧重根据个人意愿和判断从众多的对象中进行选择，着重指被选者的优点。

elect指按照一定的规章和法律，用投票方式进行的慎重的选择。

pick out为口语用词，强调―从个人角度在众多事物之中进行挑选‖，有时含有―任意选择‖的意思。

Page No.157 高手过招

选词填空（select/choose/elect/pick)①Please

a good book for me.②She

a diamond ring from the collection.③We

our monitor by a show of hands.④She

the red sweater rather than the pink one.答案：①pick ②selected ③elected ④chose Page No.158 3.design n.设计；图案；构思 vt.设计；计划；构思 常用结构：

by design=on purpose

有意地，故意地

be designed to do...目的是做……；被打算做…… be designed for...为……而打算／设计 I like the design of that rug.我喜欢那块地毯的图案。

A new highway between the two cities is being designed.这两个城市之间的一条新高速公路正在设计中。The experiment is designed to test the new drug.实验的目的是测试新的药品。

The house are specially designed for the old people.这些房子是专门为老年人设计的。Page No.159 高手过招 单项填空

I like the television programme

educate not merely entertain.（2009·12·山东青州模块检测）

A.designed to

B.designed for C.is designed to

D.is designed for 解析：选A。be designed to do...为固定搭配，意为―目的是‖，为过去分词短语在句中作后置定语，修饰名词programme。B、D两项be designed for中for为介词,后面需接v.-ing形式或名词,故排除。Page No.160 4.fancy adj.奇特的；异样的 vt.想象；设想；爱好 n.想象力；幻想；爱好 常用结构：

fancy that...以为是…… fancy oneself

自负，自命不凡 fancy(doing)sth.喜欢，想要（做）某事 fancy 用于感叹句中时表示―没想到，竟然‖。My sister likes to collect fancy clothes.我姐姐喜欢搜集奇装异服。

I used to fancy what I would like wearing a long snow-like dress.过去我常常想象自己穿着雪白长裙的模样。

Children usually have a lively fancy.Page No.161 孩子们往往拥有丰富的想象力。Many students fancy playing football.很多学生喜欢踢足球。

Fancy meeting you here！真没想到会在这儿遇到你！I fancy(that)it‘s going to rain today.我看今天要下雨。答案： ①to say→saying ②to go→going Page No.162 5.consider vt.考虑；认为 常用结构：

consider doing sth./sth.考虑做某事

consider sb./sth.as/to be...认为；以为；觉得 consider it+adj.+to do sth...认为做某事是…… We are considering going to Canada.我们正考虑到加拿大去。

We consider this(to be)very important.我们认为这非常重要。联想拓展

consideration n.考虑；关心

considering prep.考虑到；就……而言 take sth.into consideration

考虑(某事)Considering her age, she has done very well.考虑到她的年纪，她已经做得非常好了。

Page No.163 高手过招(1)单项填空

Charlie Chaplin is

to be one of the greatest actors in the world.（2009·02·湖北武汉一中质量检测）A.Regarded

B.believed C.thought

D.considered

(2)翻译句子

（原创）①你是否考虑过如何到达那里? ②他会被认为是个软弱无能的领导人。

解析：(1)选D。考查词义辨析。think, regard, consider都有―看作‖的意思，然而搭配不同。think一般与of搭配，形成think of...；regard与as搭配，形成regard...as;consider可以与as搭配，形成consider...as，也可以跟不定式,形成consider sb.to do sth.的搭配。(2)①Have you considered how to get there? ②He will be considered a weak leader.Page No.164 6.worth adj.值得（做某事）;有（做某事）的价值 n.价值;用处

be worth doing sth.值得（做某事）；有（做某事）的价值

be worth sth.用于―数量、持续时间等‖的名词之后，表示某物价值多少金额。The new car cost a lot of money, but it‘s certainly worth it.买这辆新汽车花了很多钱, 但确实物有所值。

The thieves stole one million pounds worth of jewellery.窃贼偷走了价值100万英镑的珠宝。Page No.165 易混辨析

worth/worthy/worthwhile ―be worth+n.‖结构中，当名词为金钱时，表示―……值……钱‖。be worth doing sth.……某事值得被做

―be worthy of+n./doing‖当名词为抽象名词时，表示 ―……值得……‖。be worthy to be done/be worthy of being done 某事值得被做

It is worthwhile to do sth.值得做某事 It is worthwhile doing sth.值得去做某事 It is worthwhile for sb.to do/doing sth.值得某人去做某事

The article is worthy of careful study.=The article is worth studying carefully.=The article is worthy of being studied carefully.=The article is worthy to be studied carefully.这篇文章值得仔细学习。Page No.166 高手过招 单项填空 ①This book is worthy of

twice.（2009·12·江苏南京月考）A.Reading

B.read C.having read

D.being read ②He is well skilled

playing the piano, so his music is worth

.（2009·12·山东烟台模块检测）A.with;listening

B.with;listening to C.in;listening

D.in;listening to Page No.167 解析： ①选D。be worthy 后可以用不定式的被动语态或of being done结构，而worth后用动名词的主动语态表达被动概念。②选D。be skilled in也可以用be skilled at后跟名词或动名词表示，意思是―在……方面熟练的；在……方面有能力的‖。worth意思是―值得‖,后跟动名词的主动语态表达被动概念。在句中，music作listen to的逻辑宾语，而listen为不及物动词，因此to不可以去掉。Page No.168 7.wonder n.[C] 奇迹；奇观；[U]惊奇,惊叹 vt.想知道；对……感到好奇 常用结构：

in wonder

惊奇地 do/work wonders

创造奇迹

be wonder at

对……感到惊讶 be wonder about

想弄明白；琢磨 It is a wonder(that)...奇怪的是……

第四篇：英语家教语法

语法（5）

定语从句

一、概念:He is the boywhooften goes to school late.先行词关系词定语从句

二、关系词：关系代词that, which, who(whom, whose)

关系副词where, when, why

三、关系代词引导的定语从句：

○一般情况下，当先行词指人时，用that, who或whom引导

当先行词指物时，只能用which

○只用that 不用which：

1.先行词为形容词最高级所修饰： This is the longest bridge that I have ever seen.2.先行词为序数词所修饰：This is the first composition that he has ever written in English.3.先行词有人有物：They talked of things and persons that happened in the school.4.主句是who或which开头的特殊疑问句中的定语从句

Who is the man that came this morning?

Which is the bag that you lost?

5.先行词为the only, the very, the last, the same所修饰的定语从句

He is the very person that the police are looking for.This is the only thing that I can remember.6.先行词是everything, nothing, something, all, little, much, everybody等不定代词

Tell us everything that you know, please.Is there anything that you don’t understand?

7.先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much修饰时

All that glitters is not gold.I’ve read all the books that you gave me.○只用which 不用that：

1.关系代词前有介词时：

This is the house in which Tom once lived.这是汤姆曾经住过的房子。

2.在非限定性定语从句(常用，与主句隔开，如果去掉逗号，整个句子仍能表达完整的意义)They are talking about the TV play, which they saw last night.注意：①关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词用单数还是复数应由先行词决定。

The man who lives downstairs speaks English well.The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.② 当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，往往可以省略。

Mrs.Smith(whom)you met yesterday is a friend of mine.This is the book(which)you are looking for.There are some films(that)I’d like to see.③ 口语中作为宾语的关系代词whom也可用who，且也可以省略。

The man(whom / who)you were talking about has come to our school.④关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，介词可以放在whom, which之前（不可放在that之前）

The man(whom)I borrowed the book from is Li Lei.→ The man from whom I borrowed the book is Li Lei.The house(which)he lives in is quite large。→ The house in which he lives is quite large.应注意，如果介词位于关系代词之前，关系代词不可省略。

若定语从句中谓语动词是固定搭配的词组，则其后的介词或副词不可前移至关系代词之前。

The dictionary which you are looking for is on the desk.你在寻找的那本词典在桌子上。

The sick man whom she is taking care of is her farther.她在照顾的病人是她父亲。

○whose: 谁的表示所属关系 后面紧跟名词 可指人指物

Do you know the girl whose name is Lily?

指物时，whose= of which

The novel whose title is red and black is intersting= the title of which

四、关系副词引导的定语从句：

当引导词在句中作状语时，应用适当的关系副词。

表示时间用when，表示地点用where，表示原因用why。=“介词 + 关系代词”形式。

○定语从句中的谓语动词（该动词是不及物动词）习惯上常与什么介词搭配使用

In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ she could turn for help.A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom

构成固定短语“turn to sb.for help(向某人求助）”D

The hotel where/at which the visitors are staying is very expensive.○ why: 引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reason，在定语从句中充当原因状语。

I don’t know the reason why he came so late.我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。

That is the reason why I don’t want to go.那就是我不想去的理由。

【练习】

1.Mr.Li is an English teacher ______ loved playing soccer.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which

2.We called the man ________ had promised to help us.A.heB.thatC.whomD.which

3.The coat _______ he is wearing today was bought by his aunt.A.whatB.whereC.whoD.that

4.The place _______ he works is in the factory.A.thatB.whichC.in whichD.in where

5.That's the most beautiful place ______ I have ever __________.A.where;visitedB.that;visitC.where;visitD.that;visited

6.I don't know the boy ________________.A.whom you often talkB.you often talk with

C.with who you often talkD.that you often talk

7.Look!The boy ______ name is Simon is playing soccer with his friends.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom

8.All ______ they have done is good for us.A.whatB.whichC.whyD.that

9.I want to go to some places ________ it's cool in summer.A.thoseB.whichC.whereD.this

10.Saturday is the day _______ people can have a rest.A.thatB.at whichC.on whichD.on that

11.She is new here, there are no friends ______ she can ______ turn for help in the city.A.whomB.to whomC.whichD.to which

12.He is one of the boys ________ basketball well.A.whom playB.whom playsC.who playD.who plays

13.The fence in our garden, _______ my father built many years ago, has lasted for a long time.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where

14.I'll remember the time ______ we spent together in the country.A.thatB.whenC.during whichD.at which

15.I don’t believe the reason _______ he has given for his being late.A.whyB.thatC.howD.what

16.There are two caps on the table, _______ belongs to Tom.A.the smaller of which B.the small of which C.the smaller of them D.the small one

17.My brother had become a doctor, ______ was what he wanted to be.A.whoB.whatC.thatD.which

18.There is a mountain _______ the top is always covered with snow.A.whoseB.of whichC.it'sD.that

19.Is there a post office around ______ I can get some stamps?

A.whichB.whatC.whereD.that

20.He talked happily about the man and books _______ interested him greatly in the school.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.when

21.There isn't a dictionary _______ you can find everything.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.in that

22.He wanted to know the time ________ he needed to know.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.what

23.Lucy's pet cat died, _______ made her very sad.A.asB.whichC.thatD.whose

24.This is one of the best films ________ this year.A.have been showB.that have shown

C.that have been shownD.which has been shown

25.Is _______ some foreigners visited last week?

A.this factoryB.this the factoryC.this factory one D.the factory where

26.I'll give you ______ he gave me last week.A.all whichB.all whatC.that allD.all

27.I'll never forget the day ________ I joined the army.A.whereB.whenC.whyD.that

28.That is the reason ________ he didn't come to your birthday.A.whyB.thatC.whichD.when

29.The doctor ________ we met at the gate works in the nearby hospital.A./B.whoC.whichD.he

30.His book is not the only thing _______ has been stolen.A.thatB./C.whichD.who

参考答案

1.A先行词teacher 指人，关系代词who在定语从句中作主语。B中whom只能作宾语；C中he不可以作定语从句引导词；D中which引导定语从句时，先行词应为物；故选A是正确的。

2.B先行词the man指人，关系代词that在定语从句中作主语。C中whom只能作宾语；A中he不可以作定语从句引导词；D中which引导定语从句时，先行词应为物；故选A是正确的。故选B。

3.D先行词the coat指物，关系代词that在定语从句中作wearing的宾语。What, it, this均不做引导词引导定语从句。因此选D是正确的。

4.C先行词the place，关系代词in which在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于where。He是定语从句的主语，work是不及物动词，不带宾语，因此A，B不正确。副词不可作介词的宾语，D选项不正确。故选C是正确的。

5.D先行词是place, 关系代词that在定语从句中作visited 的宾语。句子的后半部分为现在完成时。定语从句中visit需要一个宾语，因此A，C可排除。Visit前有have ever，可以判断出是现在完成时，B选项中visit没有用现在完成时。选D是正确的。

6.B先行词为the boy指人，关系代词who/ that作talk with的宾语, 可以省略。Talk为不及物动词，A，D选项不正确；who 不作介词宾语，C选项可排除；故选B。

7.B先行词the boy 指人，关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语。What, which, whom不能作定语。故选B。

8.D 先行词all是不定代词，关系代词that在定语从句中作done的宾语。当先行词为不定代词且指物时，引导定语从句的关系代词只能是that.故选D。

9.C 先行词是some places, 表示地点。关系副词where在定语从句中作地点状语。Those, this 不引导定语从句。Which是关系代词。因此，只能选C。

10.C 先行词是the day，表示时间。On which等于where在定语从句中作时间状语。因此，A，D不符合要求。在具体到某一天时，我们一般用介词on而不用at，所以B也不合适。只可以选C。

11.B先行词是friends, 指人。关系代词whom在定语从句中作turn to 的宾语。选项C，D不可以代指人，turn to sb.for help 向某人求助, A不符合要求。故选B。

12.C先行词是the boys, 关系代词who在定语从句中作主语。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。选项A，B中whom不可以在定语从句中作主语，D中数与先行词不一致。故选C。

13.B这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是the fence, 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语。That不引导非限制性定语从句，不可以选A。where 不能在定语从句中作宾语。What不引导定语从句。故选B。

14.A先行词是the time, 关系代词在定语从句中用spent的宾语。Spent是及物动词，可以直接带宾语，不需用介词。因此，B，C，D不符合要求。选A。

15.B先行词是the reason, 关系代词that在定语从句中作given的宾语。Why不能作宾语，how, what不引导定语从句。故选B。

16.A这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是two caps, 关系代词which在定语从句中作主语。C，D不是定语从句，指两个中较小的那个，应用形容词的比较级。故选A。

17.D这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是doctor, 在本句中指职业。关系代词在定语从句中作主语。Who引导的定语从句先行词指人，that不用于非限制定语从句。What 不用于引导定语从句。故选D。

18.B先行词是mountain, of which等于where, 在定语从句中作地点状语。Whose, that在定语从句中不作状语，it's不引导定语从句。故选B。

19.C先行词是post office, 关系副词where在定语从句中作地点状语。Which, that不能在定语从句中作地点状语，what不引导定语从句。故选C。

20.B先行词是the man and books，既有人又有物。关系代词that在定语从句中作主语。当先行词既有人又有物时，只能用that引导定语从句。故选B。

21.C先行词是a dictionary, 关系副词where在定语从句中作状语。That, which在定语从句中不作状语。That在定语从句中作介词宾语时，介词不可以放在它的前面。故选C。

22.A先行词是the time, 关系代词that在定语从句中作know的宾语。When, where在定语从句中不作宾语，what不引导定语从句。故选A。

第五篇：外研社八年级英语上册语法总结

外研版八年级上册英语复习资料 Module1 复习资料.give you some advice给你一些建议(advice 不可数名词)2.讲…语(speak +语言)

3.tell sb.about sth.告诉某人关于某事 4.talk to sb.对某人谈话

5.read+文字类物;look与at 连用, have a look 3.how(what)about doing sth 做什么怎么样

4.ask(sb.)for sth.请求某人获得……

6.have a message(短信,信息)for sb.有某人的信息

/ give sb.a message给某人一条信息 / take a message for sb.捎某人一个口信 leave a message for sb.给某人留个口信

7.help sb with sth=help sb.to do sth.在某方面帮某人 8.translate sth.into sth.把……翻译成……

9.send sth to sb=send sb.sth.把某物寄(送)给某人

10.match sth.with sth.把某物与某物搭配

11.不定代词,疑问副词(something, nothing, anything, everything,what)接else表其他某物

12.enjoy(doing)sth 享受(做)某事

13.take a long time 花很长一段时间

11.the meaning ofsth.某物的意思 enjoy oneself =have a good time 过得开心lots of sth.=a lot of sth.许多start a conversation 开始谈话take a deep breath 深呼吸一下a piece of paper一张纸 best wishes给予最好的祝愿 the number of sth.某物的数量(后接动词单数)20.a number of sth.许多某物(后接动词复数)21.show / take sb around 带某人参观 22.write down sth.写下 23.make mistakes 犯错

24.do some concerts开音乐会 25.on the Internet 在网上 26.a good idea 一个好主意 27.a pen friend 一个笔友

28.school orchestra 学校管弦乐队

29.in groups 分组

30.each other 各自

31.first of all= at first 首先

32.what else 还有其他什么 33.a piece of advice 一条建议

34.borrow sth.from sb.从某人借入某物 lend sth.to sb.借某物给某人

35.basic questions 基本的问题

36.welcome back 欢迎回来

37.in class 在课堂上 38.next to 紧邻着……

39.listen to sth./ sb.hear sth./ sb.40.everyday adj.平常的,日常的 every day 每天 51.count the English words 数英语单词

help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事=help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事 41make you shy 使你害羞 make sb.+ adj.make sb.do sth.43 make a list 列个清单

44.the best way to do sth.做……的最好方法

45.make friends 结交朋友

46think about sth./ doing sth.考虑, think of sth./ doing sth.想出

a new term 一个新学期

49.in your notebook 在笔记本里

read a newspaper看报纸

64.say hello to sb.向某人问好/问候 52.start a club创建一个俱乐部

53.what else还有什么吗

54.thank you for doing sth./sth.=thanks for doing sth./ sth.为......向你表感谢 55.It takes +时间 / 金钱+to do sth.做某事花费多少时间或金钱

56.practise(doing)sth.练习(做)某事

57.be good at(doing)sth.擅长于(做)某事

58.a piece of paper一张纸,纸不可数

59.always放系动词后,实意动词之前=all the time放句末(一直 ,总是)60.be good for(doing)sth.对(做)某事有好处的61.It is + adj.(形容词)+ to do sth.做某事是怎么样的 62.look for sth..寻找 某物

63.show / take sb.around 带领某人参观 65.for example 例如

smile at sb.向某人笑

hear from sb.= get a letter from sb.收到某人的来信, hear of sb./ sth.听说某人或某物hear about sb./ sth.听说关于某人或某物 建议句型: You should(not)do(原形)sth.你应 该(不)做…… Why don't you do(原形)sth.=Why not(原形)do sth.你为什么不做… / 为什么不做… How about doing sth.= What about doing sth.做……怎么样It's a good idea to do(原形)sth.做某事是一个好主意 半功try to do(原形)sth.试图做某事try not to do(原形)sht.试图不做某事 7.remember to do(原形)sth.记得做某事

8.Don't forget to do(原形)sth.不要忘记做某事

9.It is a good way to do(原形)sth.做某事是一个好方法/方式.Module2复习资料

by plane= take a plane fly to + 地方=take the plane to + 地方=go to + 地方by plane.1.travel around the world环游世界on TV 在电视上 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人去做某事the price of sth.某物的价格all over 遍及

6take off 起飞 land着陆Spring Festival 春节

8write about sth.写关于…… 9 western food 西餐

10a fantastic experience 一次奇妙的经历

11more than =over 超过give concerts 开音乐会 enter(=take part in)a competition 参加竞赛sell out 卖光 sound brilliant sound+ adj.形容词 听起来好极了taste delicious taste + adj.形容词 尝起来美味的 18what kind of… 什么的种类…… 19what's the price of …什么的价格……

20have / has been to+地方 去过某地(已回来)21a wonderful experience 一次极好的经历 22have a wonderful time 过得开心

23come true 实现 in newspaper 在报纸里 25 roast duck 烤鸭take photos 拍照the Great Wall 长城 29 Beijing Opera 京剧

30cook dinner煮饭

play the piano 弹钢琴

32.cabin steward 客舱乘务员

have / has gone to +地方 去了某地(还没回来)35.again and again 一次又一次

36.stay with sb.与某人呆在一起

37.dream(v.)of / about+名词/ 代词或动名词: 梦想关于

also,too 也 also放于句中,too放于句末

38.anywhere 用于否定或疑问句 哪些地方

39.be / go abroad 在/ 去外国 40.try to do sth.尽力去做某事

41.Chinese musician 中国音乐家

42.How many times…多少次…… 43.the first prize 第一份奖品

44.look at sth.看某物

45.Italian food意大利食品

46.one of the boys 其中的男孩之一(后用动词单数)one of sth.某屋之一 47.the first prize 一等奖

48.have / has been in+地方 在某地住了(多久)49.It is + a / an + adj.+ n.+ to do sth.做某事是怎么样的.at the end = finally= at last

another+名词单数(三者中)另一个…One …the other… 一个…另一个… do sth.better更好地做某事

现在完成时里副词用法:ever为副词=at any time 在任何时候,曾经,常用于疑问句,否定句,比较状语从句以及条件状语从句;never为副词,绝不,从来没有, 用于情态动词,助动词,be动词之后或实义动词之前;以前before用于陈述句和疑问句中,放在句末;yet用于否定句,有时可用于一般疑问句,放于句末;already已经一般用于肯定句中 句型: Have / Has sb.ever done sth.Have / Has sb.done sth.yet Sb.have / has done sth.yet.Sb.have / has already done sth.Sb.have / has been to +地方

Sb.have / has gone to +地方 Sb.have / has done sth.before.Sb.have / has never done sth.规则动词的过去分词变化与过去式一样,要求掌握的不规则动词现在完成时变化,参见课本199和200页.Module3复习资料

What are you up to = What are you doing 你正在做什么

What do you reckon 你认为怎么样

Don't panic!别紧张!Make a model 做一个模型 In space 在太空

On the space station 在太空站上 The latest news最新的新闻 solar system 太阳系

space shuttle = spacecraft太空飞船 10.a small part of… ……的一小部分 11.so far 到目前为止

12.speak to 对…说

13.hear about 听说关于…… 14.millions of 数以百万 15.go around 围绕……转

16.at night 在晚上

17.finish doing… 完成做…… 18.as good as…与……一样好

19.write back 写回 / 回信

20.send … to… 发送…… 21.in the universe 在宇宙

22.in my life 在我的生命里

23.none of sb./sth.(没有)接谓语动词单数形式

24.on earth 在地球上

25.no one(没有人)接谓语动词单数形式

26.so… that 太……而…….28.several months几个月 29.on business 出差

30.discover life 发现生命

31.bring … back 带……回来

34.an environment with air 有空气的环境

35.200 billion 两千亿

36.beyond the solar system 远离太阳系 discover sth.find sth.38.give us a break 别再烦我们了

show sth.to sb.= show sb.sth.bring sb.sth.=bring sth.to sb.give sb.sth.=give sth.to sb.lend sb.sth.= lend sth.to sb.pass sb.sth.= pass sth.to sb.write sb.sth.=write sth.to sb.tell sb.sth.=tell sth.to sb.teach sb.sth.= teach sth.sb.buy sb.sth.= buy sth.for sb.show sb.around

bring sb.sth.= bring sth.to sb.take sth.to sb.have / has gone to +地方

arrive at / in = get to= reach

(yet用于现在完成时否定和疑问,放句末.already用于现在完成时的肯定,放于句中.just ,by this time, ever ,never ,before, several times ,since ,up to now ,so far ,recently ,lately ,for a long time)however然而,放于句子开头

there have / has been;there will be=there is / are going to be;find / find out / look for sth.+ cost+sb.+ money sb.pay money for sth.sb.spend meney on sth./ in doing sth.It takes sb.some time to do sth.prefer +n./ doing sth.to n./ doing sth.比起…,更喜欢… prefer to do … rather than do… 宁愿做…而不愿做… in the past 在过去 How long

alone副词修饰行为动词, lonely形容词修饰名词

each of + 名词复数接谓语动词单数,each+名词单数接谓语动词单数 Module4复习资料 1.take part in参加

2.get on well with 与……相处融洽 3.hear about 听说关于

4hear of听说……

5drop out of school 缀学look after =take care of 照顾 7raise sth.筹集某物pay for支付 9how long 多久

10Project Hope希望工程 11head teacher校长;班主任

12with the help of =with one's help 在……的帮助下 13 because of由于…… 14 thousands of数以千计

15an eight—year —old boy==an eight years old boy一个八岁的男孩 16in the last(past)+数字+年份在过去的某年里

18stop doing sth停止做某事

19.get an education接受教育 20in the countryside 在乡下

21train teachers训练/培训教师

22with no electricity= without electricity 没有电 23.But(但是,后接表转折的句子)24.I like English but I don't like Chinese.25.so(因此,后接结果的句子)

on earth究竟,到底 on the earth在地球上 for + 表示一段时间的短语;since + 表示过去时间点的短语;since +表示过去的时间状语从句;since+一段时间+ago It + 形容词+to do sth.get on / along with sb./ sth.和某人相处…… / 某事进展 In fact

all over China teach sb.sth.a little , little;a few, few in the last / past +时间 Sb.pay money for sth.because of +名词,名词短语 因为… because+接一个从句 So far 具体数字+hundred, thousand, million, billion;hundreds of , thousands of , millions of, billions of

and 用于肯定的陈述句中;

or或者用于否定的列举;but但是表示转折

句型:How long have / has sb.done(持续性动词过去分词)sth.三副词近义:perhaps“大概,或许”放于句子开头probably“大概”放于be,行为动词前,情态动词后;, maybe“也许”放于句子开头 be in good health=healthy

be in bad health It is important to do sth.Sb.stop doing sth.Module5复习资料 1.on earth到底

2.of course 当然

3.school orchestra 学校管弦乐队

4.pop music 流行音乐

5.classical music 古典音乐

6.rap music 说唱音乐 7.Beijing Opera 京剧

8.at the age of 在……岁时

9.make records 制作唱片

10.in addition to 除……以外

11.not only …but also … 不但……而且…… 12.be famous for 因……而著名

13.Play the drums / guitar / organ / piano / trumpet / violin 14.be born …….出生

15.now and then 从现在起 16.the capital city 省会

lively , living elder, older

17.the centre of 中心……

18.Who is it by 这是谁创作的Of course= sure= certainly 19.a fan 一个爱好者

20.hundreds of 数以百计

part-time full-time

21.show / take sb.around 带某人四处参观

22.the rest of the world 世界的剩余部分

23.translate … into…把……翻译成…..24.tell sb sth.告诉某人某事;tell sb.(not)to do sth.告诉某人(不)去做某事;tell sb.about sth.告诉某人关于某事 25.wait for a moment 等一会

26.be interested in sth./ doing sth.对……感兴趣 27.Hope Schools 希望学校

28.sb.was / were doing sth.+ when + sb.did sth.当某人做……的时候,某人正在做什么.29.a bookshop 一个书店

30.sit beside 坐在旁边

31.cheer for为……喝彩

32.Sth.costs(sb).some money…物花了某人……钱.句型:反意义疑问句 前面陈述肯定,后用否定简单问句;前面陈述否定,后用肯定简单问句.回答肯定的就肯定,回答否定的就否定.特殊反意义疑问句快速记忆: 1.陈述部分主谓语是I am …时,反意疑问句用aren't I,而不是am not I.2.当主语是指示代词this或that时,反意疑问句的主语用it,当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时,其反意疑问句的主语用they.3.当主语是不定代词one时,反意疑问句的主语可用one,也可用you(美式英语用he).4.当have/has不是表示“有”的意思,并在句中做谓语时,其反意疑问句的助动词要用do,does,did.5.陈述部分有have to时,其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式.6.陈述部分是there be句型时,反意疑问句中要用there.7.陈述部分含I think(believe,suppose…)that…结构时,其反意疑问句须与从句的主谓语保持一致,注意主句的主语必须是第一人称.8.陈述部分主语是动名词,从句,不定式短语形式时,反意疑问句的主语应该用it.9.陈述部分含有few,little,hardly,never,not,no,no one,nobody,nothing,none等这些表示否定意义的词时,其反意疑问句需用肯定结构.10.陈述部分的主语是everything,nothing,anything或something时,反意疑问句的主语应用代词it.11.当主语是everybody,everyone,anybody,anyone,somebody,someone,nobody,no one,none,neither时,反意疑问句的主语要用复数代词they.12.祈使句一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句;用will you多表示“请求”,用won't you多表示提醒对方注意.如:Let引导的祈使句有两种情况:(1)Let's后的反意疑问句用shall we.(2)Let us/me…后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you.13.感叹句后加反意疑问句时,其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时的否定形式.14.含否定意义的词在陈述部分做动词的宾语时,反意疑问句可用肯定结构,也可用否定结构.Module6复习资料

1.How is it going =How are you 你好吗

2.run past / across 跑过

3.fall down 跌落

4.go off 熄灭

5.have a party 开晚会

6.by a river 在河边

7.a big storm 一场大暴风雨

8.smile at 向……微笑 9.all kinds of 所有种类

10.out of breath 上气不接下气 11.get tired 感到疲倦

12.have nothing to do 没有事情去做……/ 与……无关

get off

what … for = Why…

Fall in love with sb./sth.at noon once or twice have a party=hold a party jump out of sth.during +时间

13.think of认为, 想想

14.take …out of… 拿出…… at noon wear put on

stop doing sth.stop to do sth.15.get up 起床

16.get out 出去,滚开 17.look into 往里看

18.tea party 茶会 19.go into 进入

20.nothing strange 没有什么奇怪的 21.…be outside …….在外面

Once 一次,从前,一旦 at once once upon a time once again take care of sb.= look after sb.be sure of / about sth.be sure to do sth.be sure 接句子

Sb./Sth.is / are doing sth.when Sb./ Sth.+do / does sth.Sb./Sth.was / were doing sth.when Sb./ Sth.+did sth.表示一个动作正在发生,另一个动作又发生了.句型:was / were doing sth.过去进行时

过去进行时常用的时间状语:at this time, at this time, at that moment, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, 过去进行时句子+when sb.did sth., Sb.did sth.+while+过去进行时句子,at that time,(点钟+过去时间短语,at nine o'clock last night)Module7 Unit1复习资料

1.smell delicious闻起来美味的 smell +adj.2.feel tight摸起来紧的 feel + adj.3.look strong看起来强壮的 look + adj.4.smell sour闻起来酸的 smell + adj.5.taste salty尝起来咸的 taste + adj.6.sound quiet听起来安静的 sound + adj.7.make a pizza做比萨

8.have some!吃一些吧!9.What's the matter with sb.什么事 =What's wrong with sb.10.too strong气味太浓,太强壮 too+ adj.表示太… 11.I am afraid.我害怕.be afraid of(doing)sth.12.chocolate cookies巧克力甜饼 13.have a try!试一下吧!

14.really sweet真的甜really + adj.15.much better好得多much+ 比较级

16.a lovely sweater穿一件可爱的毛衣

17.soft and comfortable软和舒服的

18.you both你们俩,both放于行为动词前,be动词后.19.much food.许多食品much+ 不可数名词;many+可数名词复数 20.have a party开会

21.What's she like 她是怎么样的人 或她长得如何 What does / do sb.look like 23.have a look看一看25.come back回来 26.something to eat/drink一些吃/ 喝的东西

27.introduce sb.to sb.把……介绍给…… 30.See you later.一会儿见.Module7 Unit2复习资料

thanks for sth.;thanks for doing sth.谢谢…… last message上一封信

hear from收到……的来信=get a letter from can't wait to meet you迫不及待地想见到你--can't wait to do sth.I hope to do sth./ hope + 从句…我希望…… recognize me认出我

arrive at the airport到达机场 arrive at / in +地方=get to+地方= reach+地方 quite tall挺高的 quite+形容词:很,十分…… short fair hair金色短发 10.wear glasses戴眼镜11.wear put on 12.Journey旅行

13.carry, take 带一件厚外衣 14.I am sure.我肯定.15.each other对方,互相

18.spend a lot of time with school orchestra很多时间都在学校交响乐队(训练)spend 花费,sb.spend(s)sth.in doing sth./sb.spend(s)sth.on sth.19.dance music舞曲20.love dancing爱跳舞 love sth./ love doing sth.21.enjoy sports 喜欢运动 enjoy sth./ doing sth.22.as well还,也 = too 23.especially tennis特别是网球

24.captain of… ……的队长

25.be proud of sb.为……而自豪/骄傲 26.work hard努力工作

27.feel stupid觉得很傻,笨

28.get bad marks取得不好的成绩

29.get angry with myself生自己的气get angry with sb.=be mad at sb.生某人的气 31.at first首先 =first of all

32.feel a bit sad感到有点儿悲伤 a bit + 形容词 33.a few days几天

34.quite shy十分,相当腼腆,害羞的quite+形容词 36.feel nervous感到紧张

37.speak Chinese说中文speak + 语言 38.do something wrong做错事

39.help me do the right things帮助我不做错事help sb.do sth.41.be excited about(doing)sth.42.must 必须;后接动词原形 43.shake hands with sb.握手

44.stare at sb.盯着某人看

句型:What does / do sb.look like What is/ are / am sb.like Module8 Unit 1 复习资料

1.问路:How do I get to+地方 = Can you tell me the way to +地方 =Where is the way to +地方

到达: get to ,reach, arrive at / in

2.show me a map of Beijing给我出示一张北京地图Show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.4.on the left在左边 在左边或右边用on on the right在右边 8.go straight ahead一直向前走 9.be opposite+地方 在……的对面 10.I see.=know我懂了./ 我知道.12.between … and … 在……之间(表两者之间);among用于三者或以上 13.the way to + 地方 去某地的路

15.kind of quiet.有点儿安静kind of 有点儿+形容词 16.go across(从表面)穿过 go through(从内部)穿过 17.turn left into转左进入 18.turn right into转右进入

19.I think+句子…我认为…… / I don't think +句子 20.an entrance一个入口

21.on the corner of+地方在某地的拐弯处 22.do some shopping=go shopping购物 23.ask about sth.问关于…..24.The best place最好的地方 25.go along沿着

Module8 Unit2 复习资料 1.on your right 在你的右边

3.in the middle of+地方 在某地的中间

5.a museum with lots of famous paintings一个藏有许多画的博物馆 with , without 12.most of sth.某物的大多数

13.The best way to do sth.is +形容词.做某事的最好方式是怎么样.14.as you go along the river当你沿着河走时 as 在此=when;as 还有“作为”, “像”的意思

15.get on上(船,车)get off下(船,车)18.next to紧挨着, 靠近

20.take the boat back along the river.乘船沿河回去 21.go past +地方走过…

22.walk along+地方 沿着某地走 24.卖sell sb.sth.= sell sth.to sb.25.lots of许多 lots of = a lot of 28.at the square在广场

29.结束,完成:finish sth.finish doing sth.Module8 unit3 复习资料

6.get something to eat拿一些吃的东西 7.on the wall在墙上 8.science lab科学实验室

9.Get a guidebook拿到一本指南 Module9 Unit1复习资料

1.需要 need to do sth./need +n./ pron.2.protect sb./ sth.保护,防护某人/某物 protect sth.from sth./ doing sth.保护sth.免受sth.的伤害

5.live in +地方 住在……里

9.有with(doing)sth.;没有without(doing)sth.10.Which animals … 哪种动物…… 11.talk about sth.谈论关于…… 12.in danger处于危险中

13.Sb.be excited to do sth.做某事是激动的.14.at last最后=finally=at the end 15.know about 了解

16.think about 考虑

17.make sb.mad使某人感到极度激动的 make sb.do sth.使某人做某事 make sb.adj.使某人变得怎么样

18.It's hard to do sth.做某事是难的.21.grow bigger发展得更大

停止某事stop sth.停止做某事stop doing sth.停下来去做某事stop to do sth.19.have no place to live in.没有地方生活.20.The surprising thing 令人惊讶的事情.surprising 修饰物;,surprised 修饰人 22.take away带走,拿走

24.Sth.isn't good to do sth.某物是不适宜做某事的

25.really awful.真的令人讨厌.really 放于行为动词,形容词,定冠词前 26.live in peace住在安宁中

27.决定(不)做某事decide(not)to do sth.28.on earth到底

29.find out 找出, 发现 33.become rare变得稀少

30.What is the matter with sb.=What is wrong with sb.某人出什么事了

31.too … to… 太……而不能……

32.too many animals太多动物too many+可数名词复数 太多 too much + 不可数名词

34.examples of sth.…例子 for example 例如= such as 36.I am sad / happy / sorry /to do sth.做某事令我感到悲伤/高兴/抱歉/惊奇的.Module9 Unit 2复习资料 1.努力工作work hard

2.one of the animals most in danger.最危险的动物之一.One of +可数名词复数:某物之一, 表单数后接动词单数

3.about 1,000大约一千

4.nature reserve自然保护区.5.zoos and research centres动物园研究中心 6.look after照顾=take care of 7.Southwest China中国西南地区 8.live on 以……为食/ 生

9.each +名词后接动词第三人称单数形式 每个…… 11.become smaller变得更少 12.different reasons不同原因

13.less and less 接不可数名词fewer and fewer接可数名词more and more 越来越多

形容词的比较级+and+比较级:越来越…… 15.more than超过,多于=over 22.in the world在世界上

16.enough food足够的食物enough放于名词前,放于形容词后 big enough 17.make a new plan 制定一个新计划 18.grow better生长得更好 19.go back回去

20.most people大多数人

21.one of + 最高级+名词 one of ……之一其中最…的某物之一

24.still a long way to do sth.做某事仍需走很长的路.a long way to go 路还很长,还需要努力

25.think of 想想,认为;后接动词ing形式,或名词 26.such as例如=for example, for instance

27.try to do sth.努力做某事28.make sure+句子 保证…… Module9 Unit 3复习资料

动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,否定形式是“not + to+ 动词原形”, 1.It is / was + adj.形容词 + to do sth.做某事是怎么样的.2.We / They /are,were +adj.形容词+ to do sth.做某事令我们感到怎么样.3.He / She +is adj.形容词+ to do sth.4.want to do sth.想做某事.5.It is nice of you to do sth.做某事对你来说是好的.6.invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人去做某事 7.What time … 什么时候,几点…….8.half past four4点半

9.let sb.do sth.让某人做某事.10.make sb.do sth.使某人做某事.11.make sb.+ adj.使某人变得…… 12.show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.展示, 出示…… 13.stop doing sth.停止做某事 14.stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 15.tell sb.sth.=tell sth.to sb.告诉…… 16.tell sb.(not)to do sth.告诉某人做某事 17.design a poster 设计一份海报 18.endangered animals濒危动物

19.make jewellery 制造珠宝

20.provide sth.for sb.向某人提供……

21.保持:keep sth.+ adj.保持某物怎么样 keep doing sth.保持做某事 22.pollute rivers污染河流 23.cut down 砍下

24.surprised, interested, excited用于修饰人;I am excited about the panda reserves.surprising, interesting, exciting用于修饰物 The book is interesting.25.the cause of sth.某物的原因 Module10 Unit1复习资料 1.want to do sth.想要做某事.2.would(sb.)like to do sth.愿意/想要做某事 3.as:就如,正如,当……的时候 4.main interest:主要的兴趣 5.offer to do sth.提议做某事 6.not especially不是很特别 7.agree to do sth.同意做某事 8.try to do sth.:努力/试图做某事 almost impossible:大概不可能 9.How long : 问时间,距离多长 How often:问频率多久(一次 10.plan to do sth.计划做某事 11.decide to do sth.决定做某事 12.have a good time=enjoy oneself 13.main thing: 主要的事情 /东西

14.hope to do sth.希望做某事hope +that +句子希望某人或某物做某事next time:下次

15.No idea.=I don't know.我不知道.16.a famous writer一个著名的作家

17.be famous for …因……而著名 be famous as 作为…..而出名 18.hear of doing sth.听说做某事hear of sth.听说某事 19.anything special 一些特殊的事情 / anything,something,everything,nothing+形容词 Module10 Unit2复习资料 1.audience life观众生活.2.Show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.展示某人某物=展示某物给某人 between sth.and sth.表两者之间among sth.表(三者或以上)之间 3.take place(有目的发生);happen(没目的):发生

Tell sb.sth.=tell sth.to sb.告诉某人某事=把某事告诉给某人 tell sb.(not)to do sth.告诉某人(不)去做某事

4.as the centre of the neighbourhood.作为街道中心.ask sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事

see … as …把某物或某事看作某物/某事

东西

5.finally, at last, at the end, in the end:最后 say goodbye to sb./ sth.对某人说再见 6.during+时间 在…….间

7.继续:continue sth.continue to do sth.=go on doing sth.8.bring 带来sb.sth.=bring sth.to sb.带给某人某物=带某物给某人

10.send sb.to + 地方:把某人送到……地方;send sb.sth.= send sth.to sb.递给…….11.learn to do sth.学习做某事learn from sb.向某人学习

learn …by heart 熟记…..,背诵learn one … lesson 吸取……教训 12.from… to…从……到…… 13.be named…被称为……

14.one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century.20世纪最伟大的中国作家之一.15.give a wonderful welcome:给予热情的欢迎

ll over the world:全世界

16.start doing sth./ start to do sth.开始做某事 17.part of 部分

18.the name of…….的名字 19.in the end在……的最后

20.fall in love with sb.爱上……

21.marry sb.嫁给某人get married to sb.与某人结了婚 Module10 Unit3复习资料 1.hope to do sth.希望做某事

2.teach sth.to sb.教某物给某人=teach sb.sth.教某人某物 3.be full of sth.填满/充满…… 4.at the end在最后

Module11 Unit1复习资料

1.may接 be动词原形或行为动词原形may 用于问意见或请求许可,否定回答为must not或can't.maybe是副词,也许,可能的意思,相当于perhaps,常放于句子开头.2.forget to do sth.忘记做某事forget doing sth.忘记做了某事 3.go shopping =do some shopping购物 5.Hey, you lot!嗨,你们这些人!6.You must be joking!你一定是在开玩笑吧!must be 表示肯定的猜测;它的否定或疑问用can代替.Can you be joking 你会开玩笑吗 You can't be joking.你不是开玩笑吧!might 是may 的过去式,用于可能性很小的事情的描述.天气类的名词变形容词: Wind风-windy多风的, cloud云-cloudy多云的,rain雨-rainy多雨的, snow雪-snowy多雪的，sun,fog双写词尾的辅音字母加y变为:Sun太阳-sunny阳光充足的, fog雾-foggy多雾的

9.What will the weather be like =How will the weather be 天气会变得怎么样

10.not bad不错

11.at the moment此刻,现在=now 12.be off to +地方=leave for +地方:出发…

13.probably是副词,放于句子开头,也可以放在助动词,系动词,情态动词的后面或谓语动词的前面.14.the best time to do sth.做某事的最好时间 15.What about you 你呢 =How about you 16.Come on, better get going!来吧,最好走了.better get going = had better go 最好去…had better do sth.最好做某事 17.be going to do sth.=will do sth.打算做某事b uy sth.for sb.=buy sb.sth.买

18.something warm to wear something, everything, nothing, anything+形容词 Module11 Unit 2 复习资料

1.the places to see and the time to go.去看的地方和去的时间.2.a lot of snow许多雪

3.The best plan is to do sth..最好的计划是做某事 4.It is a good idea to do sth.做某事是个好主意.5.autumn leaves.秋叶.take photos of sth.给……拍照 6.4000 kilometres away 4000公里远.7.It is nice to do sth.做某事是漂亮的.8.In the northwest在西北 9.It is pleasant to do sth.做某事是令人愉悦的.10.remember to do sth.记得做某事remember doing sth.记得做了某事 11.all day整天freezing cold.冰冷的.12.in the southeast 在东南部

13.in summer and fall.在夏天和秋天from time to time :偶尔,有时=sometimes 14.compare …with…=compared…to…把…….与……相比;compare…to…把……比做……

15.Any time you like!你喜欢任何时候都行

16.a good person一个好人 复数:persons9.change…into … 把…变成… Module11 Unit 3复习资料 1.the same 相同的.2.had better do sth.最好做某事

3.It's a good idea to do sth.意思做某事是一个好主意.4.It's very important to do sth.做某事是非常重要的.It's great fun to do sth.做某事是太愉快的.It's nice to do sth.做某事是漂亮的.5.The best time is to do sth.做某事是最好的时间.6.possible, probably, may可能

It will probably rain tomorrow.It may be cold.It is possible to visit Alaska.7.this evening今晚

8.at the weekend在周末 9.in the holidays在假期里

10.a lot=much adv.许多;in spring.在春天

11.What's the temperature 温度是多少 It's 20 degrees.20摄氏度.12.depend on取决于,依……而定;依赖,依靠,信赖12.at Christmas在圣诞节 Module12 Unit1复习资料

1.stop chatting,everyone.大家停止聊天了.stop sth.停止某事stop doing sth.停止做某事stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事.chat with sb.与某人聊2.Here she comes.她来啦!(倒装)

3.remember to do sth.记得做某事remember doing sth.记得做了某事

5.Get a move on!=Hurry up!快点6.Oh, no!哦,不行!7.不能mustn't =must not 8.Hang on!等等=Wait a moment!9.in the USA在美国USA=United Stated of America 10.give sb.sth.=give sth.to sb.给某人某物=把某物给某人 11.immediately = quickly, fast快速地,迅速地

13.accept sth.(主观)接受某物;receive sth.(客观)接收某物 14.利用use sth./ use sth.to do sth.15.wrap hongbao包红包

17.do some cleaning搞清洁,扫地on the first day of …在…的第一天 18.cut the hair.理发.19.You can't be serious!你不会吧

20.You musn't break anything.你不能打碎任何东西.21.bad luck不吉利,倒霉

28.Anyway, relax!算了/ 不管如何,没什么好紧张的.30.lots of =a lot of许多

31.Just wait and see!到时候你就知道了!32.What present什么礼物

buy sb.sth.=buy sth.for sb.买某人予某物=为某人买某物.34.both hands 双手at Spring Festival在春节 Module12 Unit2复习资料

1.too loudly.太大声地talk to sb.对某人谈话talk about sth.谈论关于某事 talk with sb.about sth.与某人谈论关于某事 2.greet people 问候人们 3.have a party 开派对 4.make noise制造噪音

5.advice for visitors给参观者/旅游者的建

6.enjoyed my stay.过得很愉快enjoy sth.享受某事enjoy doing sth.享受做某事 7.different traditions.不同的传统

8.for example例如shake hands握手 9.say hello.打个招呼.10.speak to sb.对某人说话 11.not…but…不是…而是… 12.at a tea party 喝茶点时 13.tea with milk.伴有奶的茶 14.put …in… 放…进…去.15.other passengers其他的乘客 16.be different from…与…不同 17.mobile phones 移动电话

18.hear sb.doing sth.听见某人正在做某事hear sb.do sth.听见某人做了某事 19.each other 相互,各自

20.arrive at / in到达reach到达get to到达on time按时,准时 21.At the party after the weddding 在婚礼之后的聚会 22.throw …over…把…扔向… throw… away… 把…扔掉 23.get married to sb.与某人结婚

24.What kind of …什么种类… 25.need to do sth.需要做某事

26.What part of …什么部分…use(sth.)to do sth.用(某物)做某事 Module12 Unit3复习资料 1.clean up bedroom 清洁卧室 2.wash up the dishes洗餐具

3.stay out after 9:00 九点之后在外逗留 4.do homework 做作业 5.wash hands 洗手

6.Use the telephone without asking不问就用电话

7.play music loudly after 10:00pm 晚上十点后大声地放音乐 8.at the age of+数字在几岁

9.leave somewhere.离开某地;leave for somewhere.出发去某地 10.be late for 为…而迟到 11.look up查找 12.take out 拿出

13.unwrap her birthday present打开她的生日礼物 14.can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事 15.Back-to-front由背面到前面 16.On the pavement在人行横道 17.on your birthday在你的生日 18.on the road在路上