新编商务英语第三册word study参考答案

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第一篇:新编商务英语第三册word study参考答案

Unit 3 Word study 1.bid a.The valuable vase will go to the person who bid the highest price for it.那个贵重的花瓶被出价最高的那个人买走了。

b.We offered 200 pounds at the auction for that painting, but another man bid against us.在拍卖行我们出200磅买那幅画,但是另一个男人和我们竞价。

c.Our firm is bidding for the contract for the construction of the new expressway.我们公司正在投标争取建设新高速公路的合同。

d.A number of companies have submitted bids to buy the supermarket chain.许多公司投标购买这家超市连锁店。2.signal

a.Both companies have signaled their willingness to establish a long-term partnership.两家公司表达了想建立长期合作关系的愿望。

b.The policeman signaled that the traffic should move forward slowly.警察示意车流应该慢行。c.The opinion poll is a clear signal to the President that the voters do not support his foreign policy.民意测验向总统发出了一个明确的信息,选民不支持他的外交政策。3.implement

a.We decided to implement the committee’s suggestions in full.我们决定完全执行委员会的建议。

b.If one party fails to implement the contract, he is obliged to compensate for the other party’s losses in accordance with the agreement.如果一方没有执行合同,那么根据协议他有责任赔偿另一方的损失

c.The implementation of the new freeway regulations is the necessity of the improvement of road transportation.新的高速公路法规的执行是改善道路交通的保障。

4.connect a.Has the telephone been connected(=joined to the main supply)in your new place yet? 你的新地方电话通了没有?

b.The government is planning a new railway connecting Tibet with Beijing.政府正计划一条连同西藏和北京的新铁路。

c.I'd probably know Paul by sight, but I just can't connect the face and the name.我见到Paul就很可能认识他,但是我只是不能把面相和名字联系起来。

d.The company has connection with a number of Japanese firms.这家公司和许多日本公司有联系。

5.generate a.Completing the project on time and under budget generated a feeling of pride and accomplishment among the team.按时并且在预算内完成这个项目,使这个团队产生了一种自豪及成就感。

b.France generates a large part of its electricity from nuclear power.法国大部分的电由核能产生的。

c.The great force of falling water can be used for the generation of electricity.下落的水的能量可用来发电。

d.Friction is common when three generations live together.三代人住在一起,摩擦是常见的

unit 4 Word study 1.cover

a.Owing to /Because of the economic depression, Mary’s meager salary could not cover the family needs.由于经济萧条,Mary微薄的工资不能满足家庭的需要。

b.The eruption of the volcano covered local areas in a fine layer of ash.火山爆发使当地覆盖了一层灰。

c.Many well-off families cover themselves against fire and theft.许多富裕的家庭给他们自己保了火险和防盗险。

d.Radio stations and newspapers gave the event an extensive coverage during the few hours after it took place.电台和报纸在事件发生几个小时后对它进行了广泛的报道。2.stuff a.Though her coat is made of silk and other expensive stuffs, it is not of good taste.虽然她的大衣是由丝绸和其他很贵的材料做成的,但是它的品位并不高。

b.Before setting out to work, the man checked if he had got all the stuff necessary for the job.在开始工作以前,这个男人检查了他是否带了工作所需的所有东西。

c.He gathered up the bills and stuffed them carelessly into his huge pocket, then went out of the room.他将钞票收集起来,随意地塞进了他的大口袋,然后离开了房间。

d.The rooms in the castle are stuffed with antiques and priceless treasures.城堡中的房子装满了古董和无价之宝。3.attach a.The references and diagrams were attached to the document.参考和图表附在文件上。

b.Regular babysitters can become deeply attached to the children they take care of.固定的照顾婴儿的人会对他们照顾的孩子有很深的感情。

c.This key secondary school provides quality education because it is attached to a famous university.这个重点中学提供素质教育因为它是一所著名大学的附中。

d.The old Frenchman has lived in the US for over 50 years, yet his ardent attachment to his native country is still profound.这个法国老人在美国生活了50多年,但他对他的祖国的感情仍然很深厚。4.panic a.As the sunbathers on the beach saw the mountainous waves suddenly approaching, a great panic seized them.当海滩上日光浴的人们看到山一样的波浪突然袭来时,他们感到了巨大的恐慌。

b.A bomb exploded on the subway, causing panic among rush-hour commuters.地铁上发生了爆炸,引起了上下班人的恐慌。

c.Millions of shareholders panicked at the horrible fluctuation of the stock market.成百万的持卡人对股市的可怕波动感到恐慌。5.imitate a.Without experience in teaching, they only imitated their teacher’s way of conducting lessons.没有教学经验,他们只能模仿他们老师上课的方法。

b.He has a unique ability to imitate any sound he has heard.他有一种模仿听到的任何声音的特别能力

c.Children before this stage of development may use words in an imitative way.在这个发展阶段的孩子们会模仿着用词。

d.The recently-built house was constructed in imitation of a Roman villa.这个刚建的房子是模仿罗马别墅建成的。Unit 5 Word study 1.a.I regard that movie as one of the worst that have been ever made.我认为这个电影是制作的最差的一部电影。

b.We fail to understand Henry because we all regard his behavior from the Chinese perspective.我们不能理解Henry,因为我们用中国人的观点看待他的行为。

c.Anyone who acts without regard to other people’s feelings tends to fail in his attempt to establish permanent friendship.任何不关心他人感情的人不会建立长久的友谊。

d.Some occupations are held in low regard in this society(=are not respected or admired), while others in high regard.在这个社会上有些职业不为人所尊敬,而有些职业则受人尊敬。

2.a.You might as well consider moving to that city if you are desperate to have that job.如果你十分渴望拥有这份工作,你最好考虑搬到那个城市。

b.Those who know Jack all considered him to have acted exceptionally well in the last test.那些认识Jack的人都认为他在最后那次考试中表现特别好。

c.Owing to /Because of the corruption of the society, honest people were sometimes considered to be stupid.由于社会堕落,诚实的人有时被认为是傻瓜。

d.The young man is always very considerate to other people.这个年轻人总是体贴他人。e.You should have given some serious consideration to your investment in real estate.你应该认真考虑你在房地产上的投资。

3.a.If you can’t afford to pay cash, buy the furniture on credit.如果你用现金支付不起这些家具,那就赊帐吧。

b.What he has achieved did his family credit.他所取得的成绩为他的家庭赢得了光荣。c.The money will be credited to your account by the end of business tomorrow.明天生意结束以前这笔钱将会存入你的帐户。

d.The accomplishment of the research work is directly creditable to his efforts.这项研究工作的成绩正是由于他的努力。

4.a.Over a seven-year period, the number of marriages has decreased by 40%.七年多的时间里,结婚率下降40% b.In the last five years there has been a significant decrease in the number of deaths from heart disease.在过去的五年里,死于心脏疾病的人数明显下降。

c.The demand for cigarettes has been on the decrease since they launched a campaign against smoking.自从他们开始了禁烟运动以来,对烟的需求减少了。

5.a.The contract specifies that a penalty must be paid if the work is not completed on time.合同明确规定如果没有按时完成工作就要支付罚款。

b.The context enables one to specify more clearly the meaning of the word.语境能让人们更清楚这个词的意思。

c.To make a claim, you must specify the date when the article was lost.为了索赔,你必须明确说明东西丢失的日期。

d.She made a written specification as to the kind of food and drink for the dinner party.她写了份有关宴会所需的食物和饮料书面名细单。

Unit 7 1.a.I told Mark to accelerate the car so that we could get to the theater just on time for the opera.我让Mark给车子加速,这样我们能刚好准时赶上那场歌剧。

b.They use special chemical substances to accelerate the growth of crops.他们用特殊的化学物质加速庄稼的生长。

c.The acceleration in the growth of the industrial base is the success of government investment.工业基地的加速增长说明政府投资的成功。

2..I’ve managed to negotiate a five per cent pay increase with my boss.我已经和我的老板协商好工资增加5% b.He told them that he had negotiated with Henry for achieving the current plan.他告诉他们他已经和Henry商议好如何完成现在的这个计划。

c.It would be possible to negotiate deals with a dozen companies in one day.在一天和一打公司达成交易是有可能的。

d.After a series of difficult negotiations, the two firms finally reached an agreement.一系列困难的商议后,这两个公司终于达成协议

3.a.The spokesperson of the company declares that this new type of machines has considerable sales potential in the international market.这个公司的发言人宣称这种新型机器在国际市场有相当大的潜力。

b.In fact, there are many potential real estate purchasers waiting for a fall in prices before buying.事实上,有许多可能买房的人在购买之前在等房价下跌。

c.The beautiful mountain area has tremendous potentiality for tourism development.这个美丽的山区有着巨大的旅游发展潜力。

4.a.The vehicles fuelled by diesel oil have to be modified so as to reduce air pollution.使用柴油的车辆必须进行改进以减少空气污染。

b.The representatives debate heatedly about the budget because it will fuel inflation and cut the living standard.代表们热烈地讨论预算因为它会触发通货膨胀和降低生活标准。

c.Fuel bills are usually higher in the winter than in the summer, because fuel consumption is higher then.冬天燃料费帐比夏天高,因为那时消耗燃料的多些

5.a.Stock markets function as reservoirs to gather funds for businesses from various sources.股票市场起到储存从各种渠道收集资金的作用。

b.The machine will not function properly unless it is kept well-oiled.这个机器只有保养好才能正常运行。

c.Everyone knows the function of the veins is to carry blood to the heart.每个人都知道血管的作用是将血送到心脏。

d.The window is for decorative purposes rather than functional one.这个窗户是起装饰作用,而不是实用。

第二篇:新编商务英语函电

complimentary close 客套结束语attention line 指定收信人姓名 reference No.编号carbon copy 抄送

ordinal number 序号Bill of lading 提单

Commercial invoice 商业发票Insurance policy 保险单

Indented style 缩行式Full block 齐头式

Semi-block 半齐头式Modified block 改良齐头式

Business scope 经营范围Trade directory贸易黄页/贸易电话薄 Trade negotiation 贸易谈判Chamber of commerce 商会 Trade press 贸易新闻、贸易简报Trade fair市场交易会

Market survey 市场调查Branch office 分公司

Business house 商行、商店Financial status财政状况

Existing customers 现有顾客Price list价格单

Commercial counselor's office 商务处Textile products 纺织产品

Electrical appliances 家用电器Light industrial products 轻工产品 Information technology products 信息技术产品Exclusive agent 独家代理

Porcelain cups and saucers 陶瓷杯碟Sales possibilities 销售可能性 Joint efforts 合作,共同努力General inquiry 一般询盘

Specific inquiry 具体询盘Price list价格目录、报价单 Sample book 样品册First inquiry 首次询盘

The method of payment 交付方式Delivery time 交货时间

Substantial order 大额订单Nickel plated 镀镍

Bulk purchase 大宗购买CFR(cost and freight)成本加运费 Pro forma invoice 形式发票Financial standing财务状况 Fierce competition 竞争激烈Digital cammerce 商会

Digital camera 数码相机Confirmation of order订单确认

Counter offer 还盘Under no obligation 没有义务没有责任 Period of validity 有效期Subject to 服从

In compliance with 和相符,和一致Distributing channels分销渠道 See to 保证,负责In view of 鉴于

Step up 逐步增加,提升Comply with 和相符符合 Margin of profit 盈利空间Form order 格式订单

Well-known customer 知名客户Decimal point 小数点

Double check 双重检查Quality requirements 质量要求 Terms of delivery 交货条件Mode of transportation 运输方式 Longtime customer 老客户Purchase confirmation 购货确认书 Cash against documents 见单即付Sales confirmation 销售确认书 Cardboard carton 硬纸盒Wooden case 木箱

Hi-sensitivity 9-band receiver 高灵敏度9波段收音机 Ploybag 塑料袋

Shipping advice 装船通知Plastic-lined塑料压边

Initial order 首笔订单Letter of credit 信用证

The packing list 装箱单The application form 申请表 As of 自起,到为止In question 有关的Payment in advance 预付款Open account 赊销

Consignment sales 寄售Bill of exchange 汇票

Mail transfer 信汇Telegraphic transfer 电汇

Demand draft 即期汇票Payment extension 付款延期 Payment in installments 分期付款Trial sales 试销

Irrevocable letter of credit 不可撤销信用证Poplin shirting 府绸衬衫料子 Trading association 贸易关系Iron strap 铁带,铁皮条

FCL container 整箱货柜Bed spread 床单

Gunny bag 麻袋Range of products产品范围 Shipping terms 运输条件Shipping advice 装运通知

Shipping documents 运输单据Ceritificate of origin 原产地证书 Insurance policy 保险单Mowing machine 割草机

Clean, shipped on board bills of lading 清洁已装船提单Certificate of insurance 保险证明 Shipping space 货舱Through bill of lading 联运提单 FPA平安险WPA 水渍险

All risks 一切险TPND 偷窃提货不着险

Fresh and/or rain water damage risks 淡水雨淋险Shortage risk 短量险

Inter-mixture & contamination risks 混杂污损险Leakage risk 渗漏线

Clash & breakage risks 破损破碎险taint of odor risks 串味险

Sweating & heating risks 受潮受热险Hook damage risks钩损险

Rust risk 锈损险Breakage of packing risks 包装破碎险 Special additional coverage 特殊附加险War risk 战争险

Strike risk 罢工险Failure to delivery risk交货不到险 Import duty risk进口关税险On deck risk舱面险

Rejection risk 拒收险Master's protest 船长声明书 Declaration form 起运通知单Electric drill 电动钻头

Invoice value 发票金额Debit note 借项清单

General policy 大保单Duration of the agency 代理期限 Cargo liner 货运班轮Glazed wall tile 琉璃瓦

Marble polisher 大理石抛光机Dispose of 处理,安排

To lodge a claim against 向起诉Comply with 与一致

To your end 在你方Refrain form 克制住

End-user 最终用户In consequence 结果

In perfect order 完好无损Electric heater 电热器

With great regret 遗憾的At standard prices 正常价格

Agreement draft 协议草案Financial soundness 财务状况良好 Non-exclusive/general agent 一般代理market share 市场份额

Advertising and publicity agent 广告宣传费

Amendment to order confimation 订单确认申请书

Irrevocable L/C at sight即期不可撤销信用证

CIF(cost, insurance and freight)成本保险加运费

Irrevocable latter of credit 不可撤销信用证

Lodge a claim against somebody 向某人起诉

第三篇:新编日语第三册第九课教案

第九課 会議

教学目标

1.掌握新单词

2.掌握并熟练运用新句型

3.练习会话和阅读并背诵前文,提高会话和阅读的能力 4.了解组织会议的一般方法和过程并掌握请柬的写法

教学安排

1.首先安排学生回顾一下上一课要点,加深理解。2.带领学生学习新单词。

3.学习前文、会话和应用文并学习其中出现的新语法条目 4.带领学生处理课后作业

本课重点

1.重点单词短语: めぐらす: 【他五】(1)围上,绕上。(周りを囲ませる。)警固を巡らす。/布满警备人员。

(2)扭过去,向后转。(回転させる。まわす。)きびすを巡らす。/向后转。

(3)开动(脑筋)。(あれこれと心を働かせる。)

知恵を巡らす。/发挥才智。

気を配る: 留神,照顾,注意,警惕

あらすじ: 【名】 梗概 概要

物語の粗筋

受け止める:(1)接住,挡住

カーブを受け止める/接〔截〕住曲线球。

なぐりかかるのを片手で受け止める/用一只手挡住打来的一拳。(2)阻止,防止,阻击

敵の攻撃を受け止める/阻击敌人的进攻。(3)理解,认识

わたしの気持ちを受け止めてくださったのは先生だけです/只有老师理解了我的心情。

明らか: 【形动】

(1)明亮〔あかるい)。

月明らかに星まれに/月明星稀。(2)明显,显然,清楚〔はっきりした〕。

明らかに間違っている/显然错了。明らかな思い違い/明显的误解。

火事の原因は明らかでない/失火的原因不明。明らかに増加した/显著增加。

養う: 【他动】

(1)养育。(育てる。)

子を養うのは親の義務である。/扶养子女是父母的义务。(2)养活,供养,扶养。(扶養する。)

家族を養う。/养家。

妻子を養う。/养活妻子儿女。

たっぷり: 【副】(1)充分,足够,多〔十分なようす〕。

金がたっぷりある/有很多钱;钱有的是。

たっぷり供給する/充分供应。

(2)宽绰,绰绰有余『成』〔ゆとりがあるさま〕。たっぷりした服/宽大的衣服。

相変わらず: 照旧,仍旧。跟往常一样。

相変わらずお元気ですね。/您还是那么精神啊。

2.重点语法(1)なり的用法

子供には子供なりの考えがあります。(孩子也有孩子自己的想法)私は私なりに努力しました。(我会按照自己的方法去努力的)(2)ところでは的用法(表示传闻的出处)

友達から聞いたところでは、電気代がまた上がるということです。(3)わけ的用法

1わけだ(自然,肯定会。根据前面的原因理由肯定能得出的结注意区别:○论)

彼はずっと日本にいるから、日本に詳しいわけだ。

2わけではない(未必…并非…)

○私は普段料理を余り作らないが、料理が嫌いなわけではない。

3わけがない/わけはない(不可能,不会)○薬も飲まないで、治るわけがないでしょう。

4わけにはいかない(不可以,不能够)

○ 頭が痛いが、仕事が多いので、休むわけにはいかない。

教学过程与方法

1.(以每班50个学生为例)随机抽取不少于5个学生起来朗读前文,发现学生容易读错的地方并予以指导。然后提问3个学生起来翻译前文(好程度、中等程度、差程度各一名)。发现学生的薄弱环节并在以后的教学过程中予以强化。通过此环节培养学生正确掌握日语语音的能力和日译汉的能力。2.首先带领大家朗读一遍会话,然后随机抽取5组学生进行有感情地会话练习。掌握日语会话语调以及在特定语境下的日语应用。

3.处理应用文,首先扫清生单词和新出语法。然后抽取学生来概括文章大意,并挑出重点句子进行讲解。4.带领学生处理课后作业。教学总结

通过本课学习使学生学习到召开会议的一般流程和方法,以及必须要注意的地方,例如合理把握时间,尽量让与会者发言自己的发言时间要克制等。通过学习应用文使学生学习了邀请函这一常用文体的书写方法以及敬语的使用。使学生掌握了一些实用技能,总之通过本课学习使学生提高了日语应用的综合技能。

第四篇:新编剑桥商务英语学生用书

《新编剑桥商务英语学生用书(中级)(Pass Cambridge BEC Vantage Student book)(第二版)》 定价:43.00元;《新编剑桥商务英语(学生用带)(中级)(Pass Cambridge BEC Vantage)(第二版)》

《BEC2阅读指南》,定价:16.00元;

《BEC2写作指南》,定价:14.00元;

《BEC2听说指南(含三盒磁带)》,定价:45.00元。

剑桥商务英语证书BEC常考词汇必备手册(初级、中级、高级)(第三版)

作者:剑桥商务英语证书考试命题研究组 编

出版社:中国石化

出版时间:2006年03月

剑桥商务英语(中高级)应试词汇选编

作者:简新亚 主编,简新亚,简易,张乃欣 编著

出版社:人民邮电出版社

出版时间:2005年11月

剑桥商务英语证书考试(中级)高分全攻略

作者:孟宇凡,周颖 主编

出版社:经济科学出版社

出版时间:2005年08月

《剑桥标准商务英语教程》(Cambridge Business Benchmark)共由三个级别构成,分别对应BEC考试的三个级别:初级(Preliminary)、中级(Vantage)、高级(Higher)。

剑桥BEC真题集中级第2辑、第3辑

新编剑桥商务英语中级同步辅导

新编剑桥商务英语中级第二版学生用书

新编剑桥商务英语中级第二版学生用书练习册

新编剑桥商务英语PASS BEC口试必备手册(中、高级)

剑桥商务英语中级词汇精选

词汇,缩写汇编

课程辅导类

真题集

专题:写作、听力、口语、阅读

高分攻略

第五篇:新编商务英语基础教程Unit 10

Unit 10 Employment

I Teaching Aim

1.Cognitive Information(认知信息): Employment

2.Language Focus(内容重点):

1)Word Study: A.executive, impression, recall, schedule, tastefully, appreciative, assessment, absorb, personality, preference; B.chief, ambitious, incredible, transform, digital, integrate, correspond, permission, complain

2)Phrases: A.according to, due to, show respect to, engage in; B.keep track of, be related to

3)Key words: A.establish; B.ensure

3.Grammar: 被动语态Ⅱ

4.Writing(写作技巧): E-mail写作

5.Translation(翻译技巧): 直译与意译

III Background Information

工作方面词汇

1. 个人品质

adaptable 适应性强的ambitious 有雄心壮志的capable 有能力的,有才能的careful 办事仔细的competent 能胜任的confident 有信心的conscientious 认真的,自觉的cooperative 有合作精神的creative 富创造力的dedicated 有奉献精神的dependable 可靠的disciplined 守纪律的earnest 认真的well-educated 受过良好教育的efficient 有效率的energetic 精力充沛的enthusiastic 充满热情的expressive 善于表达

hard-working 勤劳的industrious 勤奋的ingenious 有独创性的2.其他内容

objective 目标

career objective 职业目标

employment objective 工作目标

position wanted 希望职位

job objective 工作目标

position applied for 申请职位

position sought 谋求职位

position desired 希望职位

for more specialized work 为更专门的工作

for prospects of promotion 为晋升的前途

for higher responsibility 为更高层次的工作责任

for wider experience 为扩大工作经验

due to closedown of company 由于公司倒闭

due to expiry of employment 由于雇用期满

to offer a more challenging opportunity 提供更有挑战性的工作机会

to seek a better job 寻找更好的工作

to look for a more challenging opportunity 寻找一个更有挑战性的工作机会

IV language and Culture Focus(语言文化要点)

TextA

1.Word study

1)executive n.① a person or group in a business organization, trade union, etc.with administrative or managerial powers 行政领导;经理

e.g.a sales executive 营业主任

She’s an executive in a computer company.她是一家计算机公司的行政人员。

②(in the Civil Service)a person who carries out what has been planned or decided 行政人员e.g.executive officer 行政主任

2)impression n.① ~(on sb.)a deep, lasting effect on the mind or feelings of sb.印象;感想

e.g.His first speech as president made a strong impression on his audience.他当会长后的第一次演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。

② [esp.sing.] ~(of sth./doing sth./that...)an idea, feeling or opinion 想法,感觉,看法e.g.He gives the impression of being a hard worker/that he works hard.他给人的印象是工作很努力。

【相关搭配】

be under the impression that...to have the(usu.mistaken)idea that...有某种(通常指错误的)想法

e.g.I was under the impression that you were coming tomorrow.我以为你明天才来呢。

【相关词】

impressive a.给人以深刻印象的3)recall v.① ~ sb.(from...)(to...)to order sb.to return(from a place)召回

e.g.recall an ambassador(from his post)将大使(从驻在国)召回

② to order(sth.)to be returned 收回

e.g.recall library books 要求归还图书馆的书

③ to bring(sth./sb.)back into the mind; recollect 回忆起;记起

e.g.I can’t recall his name.我想不起他的名字了

4)schedule n.① a program of work to be done or of planned events 计划表

e.g.a factory production schedule 工厂生产进度表

Everything is going according to schedule.一切都在按预定计划进行。

② a timetable

e.g.The fog disrupted airline schedules.这场大雾扰乱了航空公司的时刻表。

③ a list of items, etc.清单,明细表

e.g.The attached schedule gives details of the shipment.装运货物的细目见所附清单。

5)tastefully ad.having or displaying good taste 趣味高雅地

e.g.She often dresses tastefully.她总是穿着很有品味。

【相关词】

taste n.① ~(for sth.)liking or preference 爱好

e.g.She has a taste for foreign travel.她有到国外旅行的爱好。

② [U] ability to perceive and enjoy what is beautiful or harmonious, or to behave in an appropriate and a pleasing way 鉴赏力,审美力

e.g.have excellent taste in clothes, art, music 对服装、艺术、音乐很有鉴赏力

6)appreciative a.~(of sth.)feeling or showing understanding or gratitude 有欣赏力的e.g.an appreciative letter 感谢信

I’m most appreciative of your generosity.我对你的慷慨感激之至。

【相关词】

appreciate v.① to understand and enjoy(sth.); value highly 欣赏;赏识

e.g.You can’t fully appreciate foreign literature in translation.看翻译作品很难欣赏到外国文学的精髓。

Your help was greatly appreciated, i.e., we were grateful for it.非常感谢你的帮助。② to understand(sth.)with sympathy 体恤,体谅

e.g.I appreciate your problem, but I don’t think I can help you.我理解你的困难,但却爱莫能助。

③ to increase in value 增值,涨价

e.g.Local property has appreciated since they built the motorway nearby.自从附近修建了高速公路,本地的地产已经增值。

7)assessment n.① action of assessing 评定

e.g.Continuous assessment is made of all students’work.对全体学生的功课做出连贯性的评定。

② evaluation or opinion 评价;看法

e.g.What is your assessment of the situation? 你对这一情况有什么看法?

【相关词】

assess v.确定,评定

8)absorb v.① to take in; suck up 吸收

e.g.Aspirin is quickly absorbed by the body.阿司匹林很快被身体吸收了。

(fig 比喻)Clever children absorb knowledge easily.聪明孩子容易吸

收知识。

② to hold the attention or interest of(sb.)fully 吸引„„的注意力

e.g.His business absorbs him.他专心致志地处理业务。

9)personality n.① characteristics and qualities of a person seen as a whole 人格;个性

e.g.a likeable personality 讨人喜欢的个性

She has a very strong personality.她个性很强。

② a famous person, esp.in the world of entertainment or sport 名人

e.g.personalities from the film world 影界名流

a television personality 电视圈中的名人

10)preference n.① ~(for sth.)liking for sth.(more than sth.else)偏爱

e.g.It’s entirely a matter of preference.这完全是个见仁见智的问题。

② a thing that is liked better or best 偏爱的事物

e.g.What are your preferences? 你最喜欢什么?

【相关搭配】

in preference to 偏好

e.g.She chose to learn the violin in preference to the piano.她愿学小提琴而不学钢琴。

【相关词】

prefer v.更喜欢

preferable a.更可取的;更好的2.Phrase

1)according to

① as stated or reported by 据„„所说

e.g.According to John you were in Edinburgh last week.据约翰说,你上星期在爱丁堡。② in a manner that is consistent with 按照,依照

e.g.act according to one’s principles 按照自己的原则行事

Everything went according to plan.一切都是按照计划进行的。

③ in a manner or degree that is in proportion to 视„„而定

e.g.salary according to qualifications and experience 视资历和经验而定的薪水

2)due tobecause of 由于,因为

e.g.The team’s success was largely due to her efforts.该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。

3)show respect to to show admiration for; regard 对„„表示尊敬

e.g.We should show our respect to people who make great effort constantly.我们应该尊重那些不懈努力的人。

4)engage into take part in or be occupied in 参加,卷入

e.g.I have no time to engage in gossip.我无暇闲聊。

3.Key Words

establish v.① to found or bring into being on a firm or stable basis 建立;设立

e.g.This business was established in 1860.这家公司成立于1860年。

② ~ sb./oneself(in sth.)(as sth.)to place sb./oneself in a position, office, etc., usu on a permanent basis 安置,安顿

e.g.We are now comfortably established in our new house.我们现已在新居舒适地安顿下来了。③ to show(sth.)to be true; prove 确定;证实

e.g.We’ve established his innocence.我们已证实他无罪。

④ to cause people to accept(a belief, custom, claim, etc.)使被接受

e.g.Established practices are difficult to change.积习难改。

His second novel established his fame as a writer.他的第二部小说确立了他的作家之名。

【相关词】

establishment n.设立;建立

established a.V Teaching tips(教学提示)

Part 3 Knowledge and Skills.Translation 直译与意译

英汉的结构有相同的一面,汉译时可照译,即所谓“直译”——既忠实原文内容,又符合原文结构形式。但这两种语言之间还有很多差别,如完全照译,势必出现“英化汉语”,这时就需要“意译”,在忠实原文内容的前提下,摆脱原文结构束缚,使译文符合汉语规范。特别需要注意的是:“直译”不等于“死译”,“意译”也不等于“乱译”。

1)直译与死译

原文结构与汉语结构是一致,照译即可。但如果原文结构与汉语不一致,任然采取直译的方法,就成“死译”了。

e.g.In some automated plants electronic computers control the entire production line.在某些自动化工厂,电子计算机控制整个生产线.(直译)

The earth acts like a big magnet 地球的作用就像一块大磁铁.(直译)

Manganese has the same effect on the strength of steel as silicon 锰有同样影响,在强度

上像硅.(死译)

第2第3句译文既不忠实原意,又不符合汉语表达方式,因此,必须运用“词类转换”、“成分转换”、“词(语)序调整”等手段使译文通顺。两句应分别译为“地球作用像一块大磁铁”、“锰像硅一样,会影响钢的强度”。

2)意译与乱译

只有在正确理解原文基础上,运用相应翻译方法以调整原文结构,用规范汉语加以表达,这才真正做到“意译”。翻译时间证明,大量英语句子汉译都要采用“意译法”。

如果把“意译”理解为凭主观臆想来理解原文,不分析原文结构,只看词面意义,自己编造句子,势必造成“乱译”。

e.g.It’s easy to compress a gas,it is just a matter of reducing the space between the molecules,Like a liquid a gas has no shape,but unlike it will expand and fill any contain it is put in.气体是很容易压缩,这正是压缩分子之间距离根据。气体和液体一样没有形状,但又不同于液体,气体膨胀时会充满任何盛放它容器。(乱译)

例句中“乱译”是有主观臆想(不正确选择词义,任意转换成分)造成。在这里,将matter译成“根据”在物理学上是讲不通的,因为“压缩气体也就是减少分子之间距离”,两者是一回事。Matter 应作“事情”“问题”解。

将will expand任意转换为时间状语,不符合原文原意。Will expand and fill 应译为“会扩张并充满”。综上所述,原译文可改为“气体很容易压缩,那只不过是缩小分子之间距离而已。气体和液体一样没有形状,但又不同于液体,因为气体会扩张并充满任何盛放它的容器”。

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