英语必修三Unit2基础知识小测（最终版）

第一篇：英语必修三Unit2基础知识小测（最终版）

广州市玉岩中学

高一年级英语备课组

必修三第二单元小测试题

满分100分

Test on Unit 2, Module 3 Name_________ Class________ Number__________ Mark_________ 批改人_________

单词拼写（每题1分，共10分）

1._________ __________均衡的饮食

2._________ 好奇心n.→_________好奇的3._________女主人→_________主人，东道主

4._________vi说谎 n.谎话→_______ _________（过去式，过去分词）

5._______ _______（健康问题）6_________n..顾客→_________n.风俗

7._________n.缺点→_________adj.虚弱的 8._________n.强项→_________adj.健壮的

9._________vt.限制n.界限→_________adj.有限的10._________v.道歉→__________n.道歉

二、完成句子（每题0.5分，共5分）

1.You know I am not an able man and what I can do for you is l_________.2.C__________ work with pleasure, and you will find you live a happy life.3.I can’t believe you sold the car without c________ me.4.For the b_______ of people’s health, we must build more advanced hospitals.5.A b_________ diet is important for everyone, especially for children.6.In some places in Japan, people are used to eating r____ fish.7.Children like to eat fast food, such as f_____ chips and hamburger.8.The man opened the door and wanted to know who was in the room out of c________.9.The modern actress who has a s_____ waist(腰围)often appears on TV.10.We all couldn’t help _________(叹息)when we heard the death of Steve Paul Jobs.三、写出下列短语（每题0.5分，共5分）

1.被放过______________ 2.说谎______________

3.盯着______________

4.欠债______________ 5.削减______________

6.不久以后______________

7.增加体重______________ 8.赢回______________ 9.暗中监视______________ 10.对…厌烦______________

四、选择上面的短语补全下面的句子（每题0.5分，共5分）

1.I heard that he is _________;what has happened to him? Where is his money? 2.It is said that Little Shenyang will put on performances around Shandong____________.3.He has ___________ since he gave up smoking.4.The police sent a man to ____________ the actor.5.Have you ____________all the audiences(观众)? I heard you had taken a lot of measures.6.I ______________ TV programs and wanted to go out for a visit.7.If you cheat in the exam, you will never ____________ it.8.The two boys were fighting for a toy.They stood there ____________ each other.9.I never thought the honest man should often _______________ in public.10.Wang Peng gained a great success by _______________ the amount of fat contained in his food.五、句型转换（每题1分，共5分）

1.A: Why don’t you sit down and try a meal?

B: Why ______ _____ down and try a meal? 广州市玉岩中学

高一年级英语备课组

必修三第二单元小测试题

满分100分

2.A: The little boy sat in bed and listened to the pop music.B: The little boy sat in bed, _________ _____ the pop music.3.A: I am sorry I told you a lie.B: I am sorry I _______ ____you.4.A: He went to Japan and come back soon.B: He went to Japan and ________ _______ he came back.5.A: His restaurant should be full of people.B: His restaurant ______ _____ be full of people.六、课文填空（每空1分，共66分）

1.Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant f________ very frustrated.By now his restaurant ______ ___(应该)be full of people.But not now!What c______ have happened? He thought of his bacon _______(cook)in the finest oil.Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang ________(hurry)by.Something terrible ________ ______ ________(happen)!2.C_______ drove Wang Peng inside.The hostess, Yong Hui said:“ Are you t_____ ___ all that fat? Do you want to l_____ _____ and ____ fit?” Wang Peng was a________ at the price.It c_____ more than a good meal in his restaurant!He could not have Yong Hui ________ _____ _____ ______ people ____!(不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉)He must _____ some _______!(做研究)3.At the library Wang Peng was s_______(惊讶)to find that his restaurant s_____(提供)customers far too much fat and Yong Hui did not provide enough ______________(提供能量的)food.Customers _____ become tired very quickly!Wang Peng felt _______(有希望的)and with a d________ he could _____ his customers _______!4.A week later, Wang Peng’s restaurant was nearly full and perhaps he would be able to ______ ___ _______(谋生).He did not look forward to ______ ____ _____(负债)because his restaurant was ____ _______(不再)popular.He smiled as he welcomed some customers w__________(热情地)at the door but the smile _____(褪去)his face when he saw Yong Hui.She ______ ___(盯着)him and said:“_____ I ask what you did the ______ day(前几天)? You only came to ______ ___(侦查)me!”

5.Wang Peng asked Yong Hui to try his breast of chicken with garlic but Yong Hui felt sick ____(介)all this fat and a_______(承认):“it ______ ____ _______(会更好)if you were a bit thinner? I am sure you _____feel much ________(health).”

6.They served vegetables _____(介)hamburgers and boiled the potatoes _____ ______(而不是)fried them.____this way they c_____ _____ the fat and increased the fibre.It became _____ a success ____ soon Wang Peng became slimmer.At last, they ____ ________(marry)and lived ________(happy)ever after.七、作文句型(话题：健康饮食)（每题1分，共4分）1.不劳无获

No _____, no ______!2.健康胜过财富

______ is ______ _____ wealth.3.每天运动对我们是很必要的！

______________________________________________________________________ 4.保持平衡的饮食很重要！

________________________________________________________________________

第二篇：高一英语教案：必修三Unit2教案

Unit 2 Healthy eating

Period 3 Learning about language: Grammar

整体设计

教材分析

This is the third teaching period of this unit.To test whether students have grasped the important and difficult language points they learned in the last period, the teacher should first offer them some revision exercises.Then lead in the new lesson.This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: learn the use of ought to and review the use of can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, can’t.Students often feel modal verbs abstract and difficult, so it is necessary to make the lesson interesting and connect it with their daily life in order to let it easy to accept and understand.Firstly, the teacher can ask students to read the reading passage Come and Eat Here(1)again, tick out the sentences using modal verbs from the reading passage and translate them into Chinese.Secondly, compare and discover the uses of each modal verb by giving a lot of example sentences.Thirdly, do the exercises in Discovering useful structures on Page 13 and more exercises for students to master the related modal verbs.Finally, summarize the use of ought to and let students make it clear how each modal verb is being used in the situations.At the end of the class, ask students to do the exercises in Using structures on Page 54 and additional exercises for consolidation.教学重点 1.Get students to review and consolidate the use of can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, can’t.2.Let students learn the use of ought to.教学难点

Enable students to learn how to use ought to correctly.三维目标 知识目标

1.Get students to know more about modal verbs.2.Let students learn the use of ought to.能力目标

Enable students to use modal verbs correctly and properly according to the context.情感目标

1.Get students to become interested in grammar learning.2.Develop students’ sense of group cooperation.教学过程

设计方案(一)

→Step 1 Revision

1.Check the homework exercises.2.Dictate some new words and expressions.3.Read the passage Come and Eat Here again to find words and expressions that mean the same.Alternative words and expressions Words and expressions from the text

should

run away after doing something wrong

something to make you thin by eating it

wish to know about something

get rid of something

Alternative words and expressions

parts of plants that help food move quickly through the body

changing food into something the body can use

proper amount of different kinds of food needed for good health

Give students about four minutes to find the suitable words and expressions.Then check the answers with the whole class.Suggested answers: Alternative words and expressions Words and expressions from the text should ought to run away after doing something wrong get away with something to make you thin by eating it slimming foods wish to know about something curiosity get rid of something throw away Alternative words and expressions Words and expressions from the text parts of plants that help food move quickly fibre through the body

changing food into something the body can use digestion proper amount of different kinds of food balanced diet needed for good health

→Step 2 Leading-in by revision Translate the following sentences and explain how each of these modal verbs is being used in the situations.1.He could hardly support his family before he found the new job.2.Where could/can the boy be now? 3.May/Might I come in? 4.You may/might catch sight of the sunrise from here when you get up before 5 in the morning.5.You must hurry up or you’ll be late.6.Whatever you want, you shall have.7.We should read English aloud every morning.8.He would sit there for hours, doing nothing at all.Suggested answers: 1.他在找到那份新工作前几乎无法养家糊口。(ability)2.那孩子现在能在哪儿呢？(guessing)3.我可以进来吗？(ask for permission)4.你在早晨五点钟以前起来, 或许能从这儿看到日出。(possibility)

5.你必须得快点儿, 不然会迟到的。(necessity)6.你想得到什么, 你就可以有什么。(promise)7.我们应该每天早晨朗读英文。(duty)8.他总是在那儿一坐就是几个小时, 什么都不干。(past habit)→Step 3 Grammar learning 1.Reading and discovering Ask students to turn back to Page 10 to read through the passage Come and Eat Here, let them pick out the sentences using modal verbs and translate them into Chinese.Suggested answers: 1)By lunchtime they would all be sold.到午饭时分, 它们都会卖完。

2)By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.到了这个时候, 他的餐馆本该宾客盈门的。3)What could have happened? 发生了什么事呢？

4)Nothing could be better.再没有比这些更好（吃）的了。

5)Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.要是李昌不像往常那样来他的餐馆吃饭, 那问题就严重了。

6)He could not believe his eyes.他简直不能相信他的眼睛。

7)Perhaps he should go to the library and find out.也许他应该去图书馆查查清楚。

8)He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!他不可能让咏慧哄骗人们后跑掉。9)He had better do some research.他最好作一番调查。

10)They would become tired very quickly.他们很快就会到疲乏。

11)Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.或许打折的方法和新的招牌能够帮他赢回顾客。

2.Thinking and discussing Let students read aloud the sentences they picked out, think over and discuss with a partner how each of these modal verbs is being used in the situations.Use the function words below to explain the meaning of the modal verbs.If students have some difficulty, give them a hand.Intention Duty Permission Possibility Guessing Ability Suggested answers: 1)Possibility 2)Possibility 3)Possibility 4)Possibility 5)Guessing 6)Intention 7)Duty 8)Intention 9)Duty 10)Possibility 11)Ability 3.Summing up: the use of ought to ought to的用法

ought无人称和时态的变化, 后接带to的动词不定式。ought to可表示“义务”“要求”或“劝告”, 常译作“应该”“应当”等, 和should差不多, 只是语气稍重一些;有时表示“非常可能”的意思。否定式为ought not to(oughtn’t to), 疑问式为Ought I/you/...to...? 1.表示“责任或义务”

Such things ought not to be allowed, ought they? 这类事情不应该被准许, 是吗？ —Ought he to go? 他应该去吗？

—Yes, he ought to.是的, 他应该去。2.表示“适当, 合适或应该”

Coffee ought to be drunk while it is hot.咖啡应该趁热喝。

There ought to be more buses during the rush hours.在上下班高峰期, 公共汽车应当多一些。3.表示“可能性”

Harry ought to win this race.哈里应该会赢得这场比赛。

If he started at seven, he ought to be here now.假如他在七点出发的话, 现在大概到这儿了。4.表示“劝告或建议”

I think you ought to eat more body-building food.我认为你应当多吃些有营养的食物。

He said I ought to do that job.他说我适宜做那项工作。

5.表示“推测”, 意为“照说应该;想必一定”, 后跟不定式的一般时、进行时或完成时, 分别表示对现在、现在进行或过去情况的推测。

She has had working experience before.She ought to be fit for the job.她以前有过工作经验, 应该胜任这项工作。

It’s just 9 o’clock.Mary ought to be doing her homework in her room now.才刚九点, 按说玛丽应该在房间里做作业。

It ought to have rained last night.昨晚应该下过雨。6.表示“责备或后悔”

ought to后接不定式的完成式时, 表示“本应该做某事而事实上没做”;其否定式表示“本不应该做某事而事实上做了”。

You ought to have done these exercises because you were required to so during your holidays.这些练习你本应该做完的, 因为假期里就要求你做了。

She ought not to have told him the bad news, which had a bad effect on his examinations.她本不应该告诉他这个不幸的消息, 结果影响了他的考试。

→Step 4 Grammar practice 1.Turn to Page 13.Ask students to do Exercise 2 in Discovering useful structures.First let them discuss in pairs how each of these modal verbs is being used in the situations.Then check the answers with the whole class.Give some explanations if necessary.2.Turn to Page 50.Ask students to do Exercise 1 and Exercise 2.Check the answers after most of them finish.→Step 5 Asking and answering

Let students work in pairs.One asks a question and the other answers it.Remind them to use modal verbs in their answer.Show the following on the screen to students.Example: S1: What should you do after school? S2: I have to go home at once.I need to take the bus.I ought to do my homework as soon as I get home.Other possible questions: 1.Do you know what you have to do when you borrow books from the library? 2.Do you know what to do when your teethache? 3.Do you know what to do if you need to meet someone you don’t know at the airport? 4.Do you know what to do if you want to get a discount in a shop? 5.Do you know what you should do when you meet the hostess in your friend’s home? The following procedures may be followed: 1.Let students ask and answer the questions in pairs.2.Ask as many pairs as possible to perform their dialogue to the class.→Step 6 Closing down by a quiz

Show the following exercises on the screen.Let students finish them within three minutes to see if they have mastered the use of modal verbs.Five minutes later, check the answers with the whole class.1.—What’s the matter with you?

—Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach.I ______________ so much fried fish just now.A.shouldn’t eat B.mustn’t eat C.oughtn’t to have eaten D.mustn’t have eaten

2.—Mum, I climbed to get the Teddy Bear from the top of the shelf.—My goodness!You ______________ yourself.You ______________ do that again.A.must have hurt;mustn’t B.should have hurt;can’t C.may have hurt;mustn’t

D.might have hurt;won’t be able to

3.The train was ten minutes late, so I ______________ have run all the way from my house to the station.A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t

4.You ______________ worry about the old man.He ______________ well already.A.needn’t;may get B.didn’t have to;gets C.mustn’t;got

D.needn’t;may have gotten 5.—Shall I tell John about it?

—No, you ______________, for I’ve told him already.A.needn’t B.wouldn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t

Suggested answers: CCCDA →Step 7 Homework

1.Finish off the workbook exercises.2.Preview the reading passage Come and Eat Here(2)on Page 14, find the sentences in which modal verbs are used, and see if you can understand the situations.设计方案(二)

→Step 1 Revision 1.Check the homework exercises.2.Translate the following into English.1)平衡膳食 2)应该;应当 3)减肥;体重减轻

4)被放过;（做坏事）不受惩罚 5)说谎;撒谎

6)到了这个时候, 他的餐馆本该宾客盈门的。7)再没有比这些更好（吃）的了。

8)要是李昌不像往常那样来他的餐馆吃饭, 那问题就严重了。9)他简直不能相信他的眼睛。

10)他不可能让咏慧哄骗人们后跑掉。

→Step 2 Warming up by asking and answering Let students work in pairs.One asks a question.The other answers it.Remind them to use modal verbs they have learned in their answers.Example: S1: What should you do after school? S2: I have to go home at once.I need to take the bus.I should do my homework as soon as I get home.→Step 3 Discovering useful structures

Ask students to underline the sentences containing modal verbs in the reading passage and use the function words below to explain the meaning of the modal verbs.Intention Duty Permission Possibility Guessing Ability →Step 4 Learning the use of ought to

1.Ask students to turn to Page 91 and learn the part 6 ought by themselves.2.Encourage them to ask as many questions as possible.Give them explanations if necessary.3.Let them do some additional exercises.4.Sum up.→Step 5 Practice

Ask students to finish the following exercises within 8 minutes.Then check the answers with the whole class.1.Exercise 2 in Discovering useful structures on Page 13.2.Exercise 1 in Using structures on Page 50.→Step 6 Consolidation

Let students work in pairs to choose one of the situations below and develop it into a conversation.Make sure they use as many modal verbs as possible.1.Your friend sees someone steal a purse from an old lady’s pocket.He/She does nothing but is very worried about this.He/She comes up to you for your advice.What would you tell him/her to do? 2.Your friend has borrowed your mobile phone and lost it while he was out with his friends.You are very angry with him.He is not concerned.What are you going to say to each other? →Step 7 Homework

1.Finish off the Workbook exercises.2.Practice your conversation with your partner and be ready to present it to the class.板书设计 Unit 2 Healthy eating the use of ought to Use Examples ought无人称和时态的变化, 后接带to的动词(1)There is something I ought to tell you 不定式。ought to可表示“义务”“要求”或“劝before you leave.告”, 常译作“应该”“应当”等, 和should差不(2)He ought not to do that.多, 只是语气稍重一些;有时表示“非常可(3)—Ought he to see the doctor? 能”的意思。否定式为ought not to(oughtn’t to), —Yes, he ought to.疑问式为Ought I/you/...to...?(4)If she is completely well, she ought to be

back at school today.活动与探究 After class, make up a dialogue with your partner to talk about food you like or dislike.Be ready to present your dialogue to the class.You must use the following expressions and as many words that are referred to as you know.Expressions Food words My favorite food/fruit/meat is...fried chicken smoked chicken roast I’m fond of...I don’t often eat...duckbarbecued mutton lemon beefsweet and I really hate...I can’t stand...sour fish steamed fish creamed tomatoes

make me gain/lose weight fried eggplant cucumber salad boiled eggs

stir-fried mushrooms The beginning is given to you.A: Do you know how to make soup? B: Yes, I put in mushrooms, tomatoes and eggs to make a vegetable soup.A: Oh, I can’t stand tomatoes....

第三篇：高一英语必修1 unit2教案1

Please allow students enough time to do A2 in class, and then check the answers together.If time permits, get students to finish B1.Homework Finish A2 and B2 in their workbook.Get the students to think about the question „Is the play written in American English of British English? How do you know that?‟

第四篇：必修三古诗文基础知识盘点

必修三四古诗文知识盘点

必修三四：唐诗宋词赏读盘点

必修三四：诗歌赏读要点难点攻略：

1难点一：准确理解诗词的思想感情。多数古典诗词都是因事兴感，因景兴感，因物兴感，因史兴感，因人兴感。感，即情感，所以要明白万诗皆有情，至于什么情，既要结合时代背景，作者的人生经历或人生主张来揣摩，另外读懂景与人、古迹与人、物与人、历史与人、人与人的关系，诗人自己前后感情的变化关系，也可以帮助你快速准确地把握诗人的感情。

对策：找出诗的类别------判断诗中的关系-------确定诗人的感情

《琵琶行》借人抒怀----人与人的共鸣关系----白居易由于得罪了官僚及皇帝，先后被贬，诗人描写了：一闻琵琶邀相见，再闻琵琶诉沦落，三闻琵琶青衫湿。两人有着相似的遭遇，因而情感相通，伤人，伤己，两重感伤交融一体，既是诗人对被压迫妇女的同情与尊重，又是对当时社会的控诉，也是借琵琶女的遭遇共鸣自身天涯沦落的不幸。

《咏怀古迹》其三，借古迹抒怀----古迹与人共鸣的关系-----这首诗由写昭君村开始，进而写昭君的身世遭遇，最后突出昭君的怨恨。表面看来，好像是咏昭君而非咏怀，实际上还是咏古迹以感己怀。在抒写昭君的怨情中，寄寓自己的身世之慨。杜甫一生，济世之志甚高，但终其身，也未得一展抱负。《秋兴八首》其一，借景抒怀------景与情的交融关系-----诗人由深秋的衰残景象和阴沉气氛感发情怀，书写了因战乱而常年流落他乡、不能东归中原的悲哀和对干戈不息、国家前途未卜的担忧。

《念奴娇 赤壁怀古》借感情变化抒怀-----赞美和向往周瑜的功绩与感慨落泊失意的现实的矛盾关系------人生是短暂的，虚幻的，又何必执着？洒酒入江，以酒祭月，是希望万古愁怀随江而去，不被现实所困扰，表现出一种超脱与旷达。

《醉花阴》借感官抒怀------视觉、听觉、嗅觉、触觉的感受与人凄苦难耐的心理活动的关系------表达了重阳时节女子对远游在外的丈夫的凄苦绝伦的思念之情

2准确把握常见的表现手法及其作用，也是古典诗词鉴赏中的要点和难点，特别是常见常考的几种手法辨识不清，这就需要记牢课本中的例句，对提高这一能力是很有帮助的。

对策：找出意象或是对象-----判断作者的情感----确定手法-----阐释作用 A《马嵬 》“鸡人报晓筹”“虎旅传宵柝”----昔乐今苦，昔安今危的不同处境和心情----反衬手法-----用过去的安定反衬今日的危机，有力地批判了唐明皇的误国误民误己的荒唐行径。B《马嵬》“如何四季为天子，不及卢家有莫愁”------写出了作为帝王的种种无奈-----对比手法----鲜明有力地批判唐明皇的可悲下场。C《锦瑟》“庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶，望帝春心托杜鹃。”------表达了对失去的美好事物的怀念-----借用典故-----简洁精炼意境深远地表达表达了作者的一种无法排解的痛苦和惆怅。D《雨霖铃》“清秋”、“寒蝉”、“残月”------词人当时凄清悲凉冷落的心境----衬托手法----用感情色彩浓厚的自然景观渲染了与情人离别的感伤氛围，衬托出自己的离情比古人更深，更浓。

配套练习：

阅读下面两首唐诗，然后回答问题。1

绝句（其一）

春

望

杜甫

杜甫

眼见客愁愁不醒

国破山河在，城春草木深。/ 6 无赖春色到江亭。感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心。

即遣花开深造次，烽火连三月，家书抵万金。

便教莺语太丁宁。白头搔更短，浑欲不胜簪。

（1）以上两首主题相同的诗，表达了诗人怎样的思想感情？

答：

（2）《春望》中“感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心”句和《绝句（其一）》中的“即遣花开深造次，便教莺语太丁宁”句都写到了“花鸟”。两句诗的表现手法相同吗？请谈谈你的看法。

咏

风

王

勃

肃肃凉风生，加我林壑清。驱烟寻涧户，卷雾出山楹。去来固无迹，动息如有情。日落山水静，为君起松声。

历代咏风的诗很多，如梁无帝、唐太宗的《咏风》诗，无非是飘香、舞袖、绕梁而已。问：请简述你对这首诗的立意的理解。

答：。

《越中览古》李白

越王勾践破吴归，战士还家尽锦衣。宫女如花满春殿，只今惟有鹧鸪飞。问：诗句采用了那种表现手法？有什么作用？ 答：

诗歌鉴赏答案：

1（1）表达了诗人因饱受离乱之苦而产生的客居他乡的愁思。

（2）如说相同，都是用了”乐景写哀“的反衬手法：在情与景的对立中，更加倍写出了诗人烦恼忧愁；或说不同，《春》诗中“花鸟”与诗人情感已一同“溅泪”、“惊心”，情景融为一体，而《绝》诗中以“花鸟”无情反衬诗人的“客愁”，以景衬情，更突出首句的“愁不醒”；或说出同中有异。风不舍昼夜，努力做到对人有益，具有平等普济的美德，诗人以风喻人，托物言其“青云之志”，着意赞美了风的高尚品格和勤奋精神。

3诗篇将昔日的繁盛和今日的凄凉，通过具体的景物作了鲜明的对比，抒发了盛衰无常之感。对比手法的运用突出了主题，发人深思。

必修三四：文言文阅读要点难点攻略： 《寡人之于国也》

教学重点 ：孟子仁政思想的理解，他的“仁政”思想的具体内容。

表现在两方面：一是“王道之始”的道理，一是“王道之成”的道理。“不违农时，谷不可胜食也。数罟不入洿池，鱼鳖不可胜食也。斧斤以食入山林，材木不可胜用也”算是做到“王道之始”孟子用了四组排比句：“五亩之宅．．．．．．颁白者不负戴于道路矣。提出养民的主张、教民的主张，为梁惠王展现了一幅美好的前景。顺理成章地得出“然而不王者，未之有也”的结论，即“王道之成”了。《劝学》

学习难点：以生动、通俗的比喻为论据。

文章共使用了20个比喻。这些比喻有的用同类事物相衬托，如：“登高而招”与“顺风/ 6 而呼”，“假舆马”与“假舟楫”，“积土成山”与“积水成渊”；有的用相反情况相对比，如“骐骥一跃”与“驽马—卜驾”，“朽木不折”与“金石可镂”等。比喻说理明白透彻，深入具体，使人信服。《过秦论》

重点理解文言文翻译的要领并培养用现代汉语翻译文言文的能力

①不爱珍器重宝肥饶之地，以致天下之士。不吝惜珍奇贵重的器物和宝物以及肥沃富绕的土地，用来招纳天下的士人。②试使山东之国②与陈涉度长契大，比权量力，则不可同年而语矣。（）

假使让肴山以东的国家与陈涉的军队比比长短，较量一下权势和军力，简直不能同日而语。《师说》疑难词句解释。（1）古之学者必有师：

古代的求学的人必定有老师。学者：求学的人。这里所说的“古之学者”，不仅指古代作学生的青少年，也包括古时有志于学问的成年人。（2）句读之不知，惑之不解，或师焉，或不焉：

不理解（书本上的）字句，有人倒去从师，不能解决疑难问题，有人却不从师。

这几个分句运用了“合叙”手法，实际上应当分开解释，即“句读之不知，或师焉，惑之不解，或不焉”。

本篇还有一个合叙句，“吾师道也，夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎？”其中“先后生于吾”，是“先生于吾”与“后生于吾”的合叙形式。

百炼，俭省精净，刻画人物入骨三分，将史家笔法与文学语言较好地结合起来。配套练习：

阅读分数提升对策问答：

生问：我平时做了很多阅读理解得练习，考试时为什么没什么效果，有时反而更差，这看起来不太合理？

师答：因为平时的训练并不是全模拟，没有具体时间限制，对阅读时间的不够重视，也无法使用应急的阅读策略，所以那种练习的效能低是正常的。生问：那么怎样让平时的训练效能转化为考试的效能呢？

师答：考试时最大的特点是限定时间。所以掌握好时间关键。阅读时间既不能过长，也不能不足。时间分配涉及到阅读策略的使用，在这个过程中很多同学没有明显的策略，这种现状平时阅读训练是无法发现问题的。

生问：我也使用了策略，比如在关键词上划线，也注意到先了解题目设题的重点，那么为什么还是效果不佳？

师答：其实这里还是有个潜藏的问题。一是平时阅读训练一般是老师讲解，给出标准答案。二是老师不批改，不讲解，靠自己参考答案做出判断。但考试的评价一般按照得分点给分。涉及到内容准确与否，表达简洁与否，可是同学平时不会从这两个方面去思考的，只是领会大概意思就认为自己的答案很完善了。两种不同评价标准当然带来了结果很大的差异。生问：可是平时我觉得该答的都答了，参考答案好像还没有我的完整，那又怎么解释呢？ 师答：其实这也是认识误差。有些文章表达中心意思的句子可能不只一句，但是高中阅读的文章不像初中那么明显地出现中心句、主旨句等，高考文章可能有几个相关句子，但能帮助解决问题的句子往往在不太起眼的地方，或者是几个句子的关键词加以整合才能解决问题。这就需要根据句子或句群的表达重点，准确把握句子间的逻辑关系。因此对复句关系的把/ 6 握尤为重要。

生问：对于复句关系我们也知道一些，虽然初中时也听老师提到过，课时我们在阅读中没有发现复句在阅读中有多大的价值，这又是怎么回事？

师答：这当然也是因为大家都没有深入地、系统地学习这个问题。所以只能对它有些模糊的认识。但我认为这将是高中语文学习一定要解决的问题。这不仅关系到阅读，也关系到写作等能力的提升，希望大家在这方面多投入些注意力，在训练、理解、评价时找到解决问题的有效方法。

生问：有没有快速提升阅读能力的诀窍呢？ 师答：有啊，你们不妨试试下面的方法。

第一步，看体裁，寻思路；找原话，做标记；（在原文中做标记）第二步，看问题，做标记；关键词，对信息；（在问题上做标记，确定与原文对应的信息）

第三步，想答案，有策略；既要全，又要准，还得简；

第四步，够概括，用原句；如分散，速整合；单复句，要分清；关联词，酌情用。第五步，对答案，勿主观；找不足，看原文；明错误，勤纠正。五步骤，分时间，做练习，不可偏。

写作中如何准确审题

审题其实就是一个阅读理解的过程，准确理解题目中文字的要求，才能选择恰当的内容，也才能解决立意高、角度新、语言美的问题。所以我认为高考写作最关键的问题时怎样准确把握题目要求，不偏题，不跑题。准确审题的对策：

一、抓住两个关系：作文题一个字，注意抓隐喻的意思，还有具有普遍意义的道理。也注意可以反向立意。作文题是一个短语、或是一句话、一首诗的，要抓住语句的逻辑关系，注意表述主体是谁，注意是单一型还是关系型；也可注意有无中心词或中心句； 二、一则材料的要注意追问到底，明确对象间的关系；多个材料要明确材料间的关系注意是否具备共性、具备独立性、具备因果关系、具备包含关系、具备对立关系、有的具备对立统一的关系，还要兼顾每个材料内部的相对关系。材料和命题注意统一性和对立性。

三、注意语言的修辞：用到比喻修辞的，要准确把握本体，才能准确立意。如“绿色生活”的“绿色”隐喻“顺乎自然”的意思，不能把所有好东西都理解为“绿色”。

四、处理好材料语、命题语和要求语之间的关系，不可断章取义。

五、处理好段落的关系，多从因果关系的角度挖掘题意，避免平面式，并列式。

六、注意空间角度：自然地角度，社会的角度，人生的角度，家庭的角度，学校的角度，职场的角度等等。

七、注意时间角度：现在、过去、未来。

八、注意审美角度：真善美、假恶丑。

九、注意抽象的联系形象地，形象地联系抽象的。化虚为实，我有一双隐形的翅膀

既包括有形的，也包括无形的。

十、改变两个角度，有自然反观人，由人反观自然

十一、小我、群我、大我

十二、避免下面的问题就可以避免审题的偏差：

准确-----偏离题意。创新-----复制话题

深入------认识肤浅

突出------漫无边际

追问-----思路不清

选择最适合的文体-----拟题不当 / 6

• • 的”

A、偷梁换柱

“答案是丰富多彩的”——“生活是丰富多彩

• B、旁逸斜出

• “下跪”：人要有尊严——韩国人用下跪来表达友谊、关怀——各国下跪的风俗

• C、只取一面

• “感情亲疏与对事物的认知”——只谈“母爱伟大”“亲情无价”等感情，不谈这些感情亲疏造成认知上的错位；或只谈哲学上的实事求是，一分为二和透过现象看本质等抽象道理，没有联系感情的亲疏来谈。

• D、另起炉灶

• 诚信——要宏扬民族美德 •

切题和一个人对文字信息把握的能力有很大关系。不能准确审题原因有二：一，把握的是部分信息，二、把握的是错误的信息。主要原因是对语言内部逻辑的把握缺乏一定能力，逻辑关系可以看出如单指向型作文，关系型作文，关系型是属于相关性还是对立性，应该说这些训练平时是很不够的，学生没有经过专门的审题、切题训练。所以只是在考试时才开始面临这些问题的思考。另外，平时的阅读对准确理解写作者意图的思考也明显不足，语言表达时也很少思考怎么让自己的文字更浅显明白。所以审题是一个大地综合问题。审题偏题，跑题暴露的是一个人文字阅读理解能力的缺陷，解决这个问题和前面提到的现代文阅读中呈现的问题一致的。但做法上稍有不同，可以作一些系列问题的训练。如记叙性文字议论性文字不同的阅读把握。如对题目不同类型的把握，如怎样发现提示语中隐藏的信息，怎样了解语言表达形式、修辞手段的运用，题干和问题部分的区别、判断，命题者的价值认识的暗示，社会现有榨汁认识的范围。文学性与现实性的结合，文化内涵和社会内涵的融合。这里还要克服愤青、极端或是过于理想的思维方式。虽然说作文是一种主题创作，但其实写作时体现出的应是一种符合客观情况的客店，而不能毫无限制地当成春主观的解读。审题专题训练其实是让学生把自己无序、无边界的思维训练得更有序、更贴切，反过来对其他语言能力的影响也是积极地。另外，在审题中出现偏题、跑题现象还是一种心理在作怪。有些人其实在看题的同时常常先入为主，看到材料或是题目中的某些词语信息就产生了愉快或是积极地联想，类似我看到过、听说过或是我喜欢这方面的内容，这些联想都无情地割裂了身体这去单/ 6 方把握命题者意图的思考。吧纯粹的阅读理解过程掺杂了主观认识的因素。难免不会出现偏题、跑题的现象。换句话说就是学生审读作文题时不是“命题人让我们写说什么”放在第一位，这是一个写作心理的问题。学生虽然常年似乎都在写作，实际上对写作心理问题都知之甚少，甚至是全然不知。这是我们写作教学，包括身体能力不足的主要原因。写作分两种，一种是自由写作，主要是我想写什么，一种是奉命写作，就是别人让我写什么，考场作文主要是第二种，当然不能说自由写作与命题写作是完全对立的，实际上市相辅相成的。在自由写作的过程中，学生训练了对社会问题、阅读感受，生活体验的认识、辨别、判断能力，这些问题往往也是命题者命题时的选择范围，如果把二者割裂开来，那么考试作文永远都是无本之木、无源之水，考试作文的题目永远都是陌生的，都是困难难的。也有的同学会说：

A我平时写作业很积极，范围也很广，为什么还是会偏题，跑题，住不住重点呢？ 答：因为你平时往往对生活的思考不成熟，所以看到所给的试题事不会觉得与自己的生活有多大联系，就又陷入到前面提到的逃开题目而不是符合、切合题目。

B我为什么一定要按老师的要求的范围写？写作不是个性化的吗？这样不是扼杀了创造性吗？

答：写作是个性化的语言活动，但是也不能忽略写作也是一个交流的过程既是交流就就不能否定相互回应的特点，如果不能正确理解对方的意思，那么沟通的意义也就不存在了。如果你只是一味地创造，却无法让别人认可，其实是很痛苦的事，哪些死后才被人认可的例子就是一种痛苦，不过多数人要承受的是作文分数很不理想的痛苦，其实也是不被认可的痛苦。

作文题目：

电影《姐姐的守护者》讲述的是律师莎拉因长女患有先天性白血病，就选择了生下小女儿安娜，为姐姐凯特配型。为了凯特，莎拉不顾丈夫的不安，长子的茫然，阿娜的牺牲，凯特的痛苦，执着地等待了十几年，等待阿娜为凯特骨髓移植的那一天，甚至在安娜把自己告上法庭后也仍然坚持自己的选择，为了凯特，她什么都愿承受，都愿一搏。结局是安娜车祸后为姐姐捐献了器官，凯特重获新生。

电影《不存在的女儿》讲述的是医生戴维来自一个具有唐氏综合症基因的家庭，妹妹患有这种疾病，只活到了12岁，却给自己母亲的人生带来了巨大的痛苦。当妻子临产时他亲自接生。一对双胞胎降临人间，其中的女孩也患有唐氏综合症。为了保护家人，或者保护自己，戴维选择欺骗妻子女儿已夭折。未婚女护士勇敢地收留了孩子并把她健康地养大。直至戴维去世，他妻子才得知真相，母女、兄妹得以相认。

这两部影片都探讨了生命问题。虽然一个是挽救，一个是逃避，但都能看出主人公在面对生命问题时的选择与挣扎。现实生活中我们也每天都在见证人们面对生命时的选择与痛苦、快乐，所以生命向来不是一个陌生的话题，也永远是个说不完的话题。一个生命的降生、存在和消失都会对我们产生这样那样的影响。

人生旅途当中，我们或多或少会有这种经历：在某个时刻，我们的某个决定，某个动作，当时自己并不能了解。很久以后，经过反复思量，才恍然大悟，终于明白自己当年的决定造成了怎样的结果

阅读以上材料，结合提示，并联系生活，以“面对生命”为题，写一篇800字的记叙文或议论文。/ 6

第五篇：英语必修三课文

必修三 Unit1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS

Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times.Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn.Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals.At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.Today's festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events.Festivals of the Dead

Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm.For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth.In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November.On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them.They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead.The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people.It is now a children's festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours' homes to ask for sweets.If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.Festivals to Honour People

Festivals can also be held to honour famous people.The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan.In the USA, Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World.India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain.Harvest Festivals

Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events.People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over.In European ountries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals.Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes.Spring Festivals

The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper.There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together.Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February.These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds.Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world.It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life.Japan's Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later.The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other.Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while.Unit2 COME AND EAT HERE(1)

Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.It had been a very strange morning.Usually he got up early and prepared his menu of barbecued mutton kebabs，roast pork, stir-flied vegetables and fried rice.Then by lunchtime they would all be sold.By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.But not today!Why was that? What could

have happened? He thought of his mutton, beef and bacon cooked in the hottest, finest oil.His cola was sugary and cold, and his ice cream was made of milk, cream and delicious fruit.“Nothing could be better,” he thought.Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by.“Hello, Lao Li,” he called.“Your usual?” But Li Chang seemed not to hear.What was the matter? Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.Wang Peng followed Li Chang into a new small restaurant.He saw a sign in the window.Tired of all that fat? Want to lose weight?

Come inside Yong Hui’s slimming restaurant.Only slimming foods served here.Make yourself thin again!

Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.It was full of people.The hostess, a very thin lady, came forward.“Welcome,” she said.“My name is Yong Hui.I'll help you lose weight and be fit in two weeks if you eat here every day.” Then she gave a menu to Wang Peng.There were few choices of food and drink on it: just rice, raw vegetables served in vinegar, fruit and water.Wang Peng was amazed at this and especially at the prices.It cost more than a good meal in his restaurant!He could not believe his eyes.He threw down the menu and hurried outside.On his way home he thought about his own menu.Did it make people fat? Perhaps he should go to the library and find out.He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!He had better do some research!

At the library Wang Peng was surprised to find that his restaurant served far too much fat and Yong Hui’s far too little.Even though her customers might get thin after eating Yong Hui’s food, they were not eating enough energy-giving food to keep them fit.They would become tired very quickly.Wang Peng felt more hopeful as he drove back home.Perhaps

with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.So he wrote:

Want to feel fit and energetic?

Come and eat here!Discounts today!

Our food gives you energy all day!

The competition between the two restaurants was on!

Unit4 No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago.However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.For several billion years after the “Big Bang”, the earth was still just a cloud of dust.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when

the dust settled into a solid globe.The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.It exploded loudly with fire and rock.They were in

time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earth's atmosphere.What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water

began to appear on its surface.Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, unlike the earth, it had disappeared later.It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.Many millions of years later, the first extremely small plants began to appear on the surface of the water.They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.Next, green plants began to grow on land.They were followed in time by land animals.Some were insects.Others, called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the water.Later when the plants grew into forests, reptiles appeared for the first time.They produced young enerally by laying eggs.After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs, developed.They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.However，65 million years ago the age of the dinosaurs ended.Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.This disappearance made possible the rise of mammals on the earth.These animals were different from all life forms in the past, because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.Finally about 2.6 million years ago some small clever animals, now with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth.Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.But they are not looking after the earth very well.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.As a result of this, many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to live on.So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.Unit5 Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada to visit their cousins in Montreal on the Atlantic coast.Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada.The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport.He was going to take them and their baggage to catch “The True North”, the cross-Canada train.On the way to the station, he chatted about their trip.“You're going to see some great scenery.Going eastward, you'll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities.Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days, but they forget the fact that Canada is 5,500 kilometres from coast to coast.Here in Vancouver, you're in Canada's warmest part.People say it is Canada's most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour make Vancouver one of Canada's most popular cities to live in.Its population is increasing rapidly.The coast north of Vancouver has some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in the world.It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.”

That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats.Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.Their next stop was Calgary, which is famous for the Calgary Stampede.Cowboys from all over the world come to compete in the Stampede.Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.After two days' travel, the girls began to realize that Canada is quite empty.At school, they had learned that most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometres of the USA border, and Canada's population is only slightly over thirty million, but now they were amazed to see such an empty country.They went through a wheat-growing province and saw farms that covered thousands of acres.After dinner, they were back in an urban area, the busy port city of Thunder Bay at the top of the Great Lakes.The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.Because of the Great Lakes, they learned, Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world.In fact, it has one-third of the world's total fresh water, and much of it is in the Great Lakes.That night as they slept, the train rushed across the top of Lake Superior, through the great forests and southward towards Toronto.