第一篇：2012高考英语一轮复习同步攻关 语法部分 第10讲 名词性从句学案
第10讲 名词性从句
【定义】一个句子在另一个句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语，相当于名词，故称为名词性从句。
【四大从句】名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、主语从句
一个句子在另一个句子中充当主语，即句子充当主语，该句子称为主语从句。【完成例句】
根据句意选词填空(that, if, whether, why, when, what)(1)That he will succeed is certain.(2)Whether he will go there is not known.(3)What he said is not true.(4)When the meeting will be held has not been decided yet.【结论】 ①that－从句，从句为一个句意完整的陈述句，没有具体意义，不充当句子成分，只起标志性作用，但that 不能省略。
②whether －从句，从句来源于一般疑问句，whether不能省略，意为“是否”，不能用if替换。
③特殊疑问词－从句，从句来源于特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词不能省略，意思为特殊疑问词本来的意思，在从句中充当句子成分。【疑难1】Who he is is none of my business.【疑难剖析1】任何从句要用陈述句语序，即主谓语序。
【疑难2】That he likes English is known to us all.What he said at the meeting made me sad.【疑难剖析2】主句时态为过去时，从句时态为过去的某一时态；主句时态为现在时或将来时，从句时态视具体情况而定。
【疑难3】That 2010 Asian Games are successful is known to all.【疑难剖析3】单个句子作主语，视为单数。
【疑难3】It is a pity that you didn't go to see the film.用心 爱心 专心 1
It doesn't interest me whether you succeed or not.It is in the morning that the murder took place.It is John that broke the window.【疑难剖析3】1．主语从句通常由it充当形式主语，而本身放在句子末尾。2．it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who / whom。3.用it 作形式主语的常用结构
① It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句 It is a fact that„事实是„„
It is an honor that„非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that„„„是常识 ②It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句
It is natural that„很自然„„
It is strange that„奇怪的是„„ ③It is ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句
It seems that„似乎„„
It happened that„碰巧„„
It appears that„似乎„„ ④It ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句
It is reported that„据报道„„
It has been proved that„已证实„„
It is said that„据说„„
【疑难5】It is said that Chairman Hu will visit our school next week.(√)
That Chairman Hu will visit our school next week is said.(×)【疑难剖析5】主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况： 1.if 引导的主语从句不可位于复合句句首。
2.It is said / reported„结构中的主语从句不可提前。
3.It happens / occurs„结构中的主语从句不可提前。
用心 爱心 专心
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.(√)
That he failed in the examination occurred to him.(×)4.It doesn't matter how / whether„结构中的主语从句不可提前。
It doesn't matter whether he is wrong or not.(√)
Whether he is wrong or not doesn't matter.(×)5.含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。Is it likely that it will rain in the evening？(√)Is that will rain in the evening likely？(×)
【疑难6】 what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 What you said yesterday is right.That she is still alive is a consolation.【疑难剖析6】 what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，而that则不充当任何成分。
二、宾语从句
在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句是宾语从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。【完成例句】
根据句意选词填空(that, if, whether, where, what，who)(5)I heard that he joined the army.(6)①She did not know what had happened.②I wonder whether you can change this note for me.(7)She told me that she would accept my invitation.【结论9】①由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略)，that在从句中不充当任何成分。
②由what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
③whether(if)引导的宾语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，意为“是否”。
【疑难1】引导宾语从句时if和whether的区别 I asked her if / whether she had a bike.They discussed whether they will go back right now.用心 爱心 专心
We're worried about whether he is safe.I don't know whether or not he will come.I don't know whether to go.【疑难剖析1】引导宾语从句时用if和whether都可以，但有只用whether的特殊情况：动词discuss后；介词后；whether与or not连用时； whether to do。【疑难2】I am afraid(that)I've made a mistake.【疑难剖析2】作形容词的宾语时，可以省略that。【注意】下列形容词后常跟that引导的从句作宾语：
anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content等。(有时也将此类词后的that 从句看作原因状语从句。)【疑难3】We heard it that she would get married next month.【疑难剖析3】it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾(特别是在带复合宾语的句子中)。【疑难4】I admire their winning the match.(√)
I admire that they won the match.(×)【疑难剖析4】后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词有：
allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。
【疑难5】He impressed the manager as an honest man.(√)
He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.(×)
【疑难剖析5】有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that－从句”结构中，这类动词常见的有envy，order，accuse，refuse，impress，forgive，blame，denounce，advise，congratulate等。
【疑难6】我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。
I don't think this dress fits you well.【疑难剖析6】否定的转移：若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。
用心 爱心 专心
三、表语从句
在复合句中作表语的名词性从句为表语从句，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。【完成例句】 根据句意填空
(8)The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.(9)This is why we can't get the support of the people.(10)But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.(11)The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.【结论1】
①完整陈述句充当表语时用that引导，且不可省略；
②表“是否”含义时用whether；
③语义不完整时根据情况选用对应的特殊疑问词，如what，when，where，why等；
④两种特殊句型：the reason is that„和It is because„等结构。
四、同位语从句
在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句为同位语从句。【完成例句】 根据句意选词填空
(12)The king's decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.(13)The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.【结论】同位语从句对名词作进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，可以接同位语从句的名词主要有：fact, information, problem, decision, suggestion, proposal, order等。
【疑难1】同位语在句子中的位置
He got the news from Mary than the sports meeting was put off.【疑难剖析1】同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。【疑难2】同位语从句与定语从句的区别
The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。
用心 爱心 专心
The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。
【疑难剖析2】(1)定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时可以在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语)，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
(2)定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述名词的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词的具体内容进行补充说明。
用心 爱心 专心 6
第二篇：高考英语一轮复习1名词性从句教学案
专题11 名词性从句
考纲展示 命题探究
考点一 主语从句
基础点
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通过放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
主语从句的连接词
在句中起主语作用的从句称为主语从句。连接主语从句的连接词主要有三类：从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。
(1)从属连词
从属连词主要有两个that, whether；从属连词在从句中不作任何成分。That he will come to the conference has excited every one of us.他要来参加会议使我们每一个人都十分激动。Whether you can succeed depends on yourself.你是否能成功取决于你自己。
特别提醒
if一般(不在句首)引导主语从句。that引导主语从句不能省略。(2)连接代词
连接代词在从句中起名词的作用，作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，一般表示疑问。who谁，whom谁(宾格)，whose谁的，what什么，which哪一个，whoever无论是谁，whomever无论是谁(宾格)，whosever无论是谁的，whatever无论是什么，whichever无论是哪一个。
What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么还不清楚。
Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize.你们当中第一个到达这里的人将获得这个奖品。
特别提醒
主语为从句时，谓语动词一般要用单数形式；但如果what引导的从句作主语、代表复数概念时，谓语动词则常用复数形式。
What we need is water.我们所需要的是水。
What we need are useful books.我们所需要的是有用的书。(3)连接副词
连接副词在从句中起副词的作用，作状语，一般表示疑问，但有时不表示疑问。when什么时候，where在哪里，why为什么，how如何，whenever无论是什么时候，wherever无论在哪里，however无论如何。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行还没有宣布。
Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.它们为什么突然消失还是个谜。
重难点
it作形式主语的主语从句
(1)It＋be＋adj.＋主语从句。常用于该句型的adj.有： necessary必要的 likely可能的 clear清楚的 important重要的 possible可能的 right正确的 wrong错误的 strange奇怪的 natural自然的 certain肯定的 obvious明显的
It_is_quite_clear_that the whole project is to fail.很清楚，整个项目就要失败。
典例1 It is by no means clear ________the president can do to end the strike.[答案] what 句意：总统可以采取什么措施来结束罢工一点儿都不清楚。此句中it是形式主语，代替后面的真正的主语从句，故设空处应填能够引导主语从句的连接词，由于从句中及物动词do后缺少宾语，故应使用连接代词what。
(2)It＋be＋名词/名词词组＋主语从句。常用于该句型的名词或名词词组有： shame遗憾
pity可惜
hope希望 no wonder难怪 good news好消息
It_is_a_shame_that we should have lost such an important customer.真遗憾我们失去了一位如此重要的客户。
It_is_our_hope_that the two sides will work together.我们的希望是双方能够合作。
(3)It＋be＋过去分词＋主语从句。常用于该句型的过去分词有：
said据说
believed被相信
reported据报道 thought被认为 known所知
It_is_said_that our school will hold a sports meet next week.据说我们学校下周要举行运动会。
It_has_been_decided_that they should start the project next month.他们要在下个月开始这项工程已经定下来了。
(4)It＋特殊动词/动词短语＋主语从句。常用于这种结构的特殊动词/动词短语有： seem看上去
appear显得
happen碰巧 matter重要 turn out结果是
It_happened_that a lion was hiding nearby.刚好有一头狮子躲在旁边。
Does it_matter_that I won't attend the meeting tomorrow? 明天我不去参加会议要紧吗？
典例2 It doesn't matter ________you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.[答案] whether 句意：在十字路口无论你向左转还是右转都没关系——两条路都通往公园。It是形式主语，设
空处应填入引导主语从句的连接词，从句后半部分的连词or提示本题为whether...or...结构，表示“是……还是……”。
典例3 It's no longer a question now ________man can land on the moon.[答案] that 句意：现在人类登上月球不再是问题。考查名词性从句，it为形式主语，后面的从句是真正的主语。由于引导词在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，故用that。
[考法综述] 了解名词性从句的基本用法，掌握各引导词的用法，辨析that与what，掌握it作形式主语的常见结构。
命题法 考查主语从句的引导词
典例1 ________we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.[答案] How 句意：我们如何理解事物与我们的感受有很大关系。分析句子结构可知，________we understand things 在句中作主语，是主语从句，根据句意可知，此处应用连接副词how。
典例2 What Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won't accept it.________________________________________________________ [答案] What→Where 依据语境可知，此处指有些人对大诗人李白的出生地存在质疑，分析句子结构可知，What Li Bai，...was born在句中作主语且其中只缺状语，因此改为Where，引导主语从句。what引导名词性从句要在从句中作主、宾或表语。
【解题法】(1)掌握各引导词在意义和功能上的差别。
(2)在语篇型语法填空中，考查名词性从句的引导词是不给提示词的，考生要分析句子结构，找出主语部分，分析引导词在从句中所作成分和表达的意义。
(3)在短文改错中，考查引导词的错用，掌握相似引导词的差别，如what和that等。从引导词在从句中所作成分和意义入手。
A．单句填空
1．Exactly________the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.答案 when [句意：马铃薯具体是在什么时候被引入欧洲的并不确定，但有可能是在1565年左右。由句意可知，后一分句是来补充说明前一分句中的不确定的内容的，根据“around 1565”可知是对时间进行提问，因此用when引导前面的主语从句。] 2．I think________impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.答案 what [句意：我认为他的画给我印象最深的是他对色彩的运用。what引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“……的”。] 3．Some people believe________has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.答案 what/whatever [句意：一些人认为，不管是以前发生的还是现在发生的事情都会在将来重现。此处“________has happened before or is happening now”是主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故填what/whatever。] 4．________the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.答案 When [句意：延误的飞机何时起飞很大程度上取决于天气状况。根据句意填连接副词When。] 5．________makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.答案 What [句意：使这本书非同寻常的是这位作家创造性的想象力。What在此处引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。] 6．________you are on good terms with your classmates will affect your mood.答案 Whether [句意：你与同学相处得是否融洽会影响你的情绪。此处为主语从句，if表示“是否”且于句首时不引导主语从句。根据句意可知应用Whether。] 7．It suddenly occurred to me ________I hadn't locked my door.答案 that [句意：我突然想起我没锁门。it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。It occurs to sb.that意为“某人突然想起……”。] 8．As the spokeswoman said，________we should take action against them depends on what they will do.答案 whether [句意：正如女发言人所说的那样，我们是否应该针对他们采取行动取
决于他们将会怎么做。本空需要用连接词引导主语从句，表示“是否”，因此用whether引导。] 9．—What made her so happy? —________her son passed the college entrance examination.答案 That [句意：——是什么使她这么快乐？——她儿子通过高考了。答语为that引导的主语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。] 10．________will matter is not how many books you read, but how much you learn when you finish reading them.答案 What [句意：重要的不是你读了多少书，而是你读完书后学到了多少。从句子结构看，is前面是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用What。] B．单句改错
1．That you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.________________________________________________________ 答案 That→What [句意：你在会上所说的话描述了公司的光明前途。分析句子结构可知，引导主语从句，且在从句中作宾语，故用What, That引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分。] 2．It remains to be seen that the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→whether [句意：这个新成立的委员会的政策能否实施还有待观察。分析句子结构可知，It 作形式主语，而真正的主语是后面的从句“that the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice”；再根据句意可判断，此处表示“是否”，故改为whether, that无意义。] 3．It struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.________________________________________________________ 答案 It→What [句意：这部电影最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深深的爱。“It struck me most in the movie”为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“所……的”，故用What，It不引导从句。] 4．Which one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.________________________________________________________ 答案 Which→Whichever [句意：你们中任何一个人打破窗户都必须赔偿。根据题干中one of you可知，空处要用whichever修饰one, 指“你们中的任何一个人”。which指哪一个，表达疑问，故改为whichever。] 5．It doesn't matter how many times you fail;that matters is how many times you stand up and try again.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→what [句意：你失败多少次都不要紧；要紧的是你有多少次站起来并再次尝试。分析句子成分可知，“that matters”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故用what引导。that不作成分。]
6．We have learned from the story that which is most valuable is not what we have in our lives but who we have in our lives.________________________________________________________ 答案 which→what [“which is most valuable”是主语从句，在宾语从句中作主语，根据语境可知，该主语从句缺少主语且表示事物，故用what。which指某一范围中的哪个或哪些。] 7．It was never clear that the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→why [句意：不清楚这个人为什么不早一点报告那起事故。此处需要连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作原因状语，why表示“为什么……”。故把that改为why。] 8．—The manager finally agreed to our new marketing proposals.—It never occurred to me what you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→that [答句表示“我根本就没想到你能说服他改变自己的看法”，句中It作形式主语，这里应该用that引导主语从句，连接词在从句中不作任何成份，也无意义。故把what改为that。]
考点二 宾语从句
基础点
在句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句(Object Clause)。宾语从句可分为三类：动词后的宾语从句、介词后的宾语从句、形容词后的宾语从句。宾语从句的连接词
I think(that)you should turn to the teacher for help.我认为你应该向老师求助。I wonder whether/if it is true.我想知道它是否是真的。
I wonder what I can do for you.我不知道能为你做些什么。
He didn't tell me when we would meet again.他没告诉我什么时候我们再相见。
Could you please show me how you operate the machine? 你能给我展示一下如何操作这台机器吗？
I don't know whom you should depend on.我不知道你该信任谁。
典例1 Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ________he could have expressed it differently.[答案] that 句意：杰瑞不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式来表达的。从句that he could have expressed it differently作felt的宾语，连接词that在从句中不作成分。故填that。
特别提醒
that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①当that从句作介词的宾语时；②动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，引导第二个和以后几个从句的that不可省略；③宾语从句前有插入语时；④that引导的从句位于句首时。
I know nothing about him except that he is from the countryside.除了他来自乡下以外，我对他一无所知。
He said(that)he liked rain very much and that he wouldn't use an umbrella when it was raining.他说他非常喜欢雨，下雨天他都不愿打伞。
We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us.恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们待在家里。That our team will win, I believe.我相信我们队会赢。
一般来说，能引导主语从句的连接词都能引导宾语从句。
表疑问的宾语从句需要运用陈述句语序，但个别宾语从句本应运用陈述语序，但由于习惯而仍保持原疑问语序不变。
I don't know what is the matter with the machine.我不知道这台机器怎么了。2 动词后接宾语从句的用法
(1)大多数及物动词及动词短语后可接宾语从句。
We should keep in mind that there is no short cut to learning.我们应当牢记，学习是没有捷径的。(2)用it作形式宾语的宾语从句。
一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。常见的这类动词有：
find发现
feel感觉
think认为 consider考虑 believe相信 guess猜测 suppose假定，设想 make使得
I think it necessary that we drink plenty of boiled water every day.我认为我们每天喝大量开水是有必要的。
The teacher made it a rule that all the cleaning should be finished before 7：30 every morning.老师规定每天早晨7：30之前所有的清扫工作必须结束。
(3)动词hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示“喜欢”，“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to, depend on, rely on等常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
I hate it_when they talk with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。
I would appreciate it_if you can help me.如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。
典例2 You can always rely on________Jack says, as he never tells a lie.[答案] what 句意：你完全可以相信杰克的话，因为他从不说谎。what引导宾语从句作rely on的宾语，what在从句中作says的宾语。介词后接宾语从句的用法
(1)一般情况下介词后只能接wh类连接词引导的宾语从句。He'll talk to us about what he saw in the USA.他将给我们讲述他在美国的见闻。
典例3 When she was awake, she found that she was standing on________seemed to be a piece of stone.[答案] what 句意：当她醒来时，她发现自己好像正站在一块石头上。stand on后接宾语从句，宾语从句缺少引导词和主语，what在宾语从句中作主语，that引导的从句一般不作介词宾语。故填what。
(2)in, but, except 等少数几个介词后可接由that引导的宾语从句，但此时介词和that已形成固定搭配，即in that因为，but that要不是，except that除了。
The high income tax is harmful in_that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.所得税很高是有害的，因为它可能使人不愿意多赚钱。He would have failed but_that you helped him.若不是你帮助他，他会失败的。(but that意为“若不是，要不是”)4 形容词后接宾语从句的用法
(1)表示情感的形容词后可接宾语从句，如：afraid, certain, glad, pleased, sure, surprised, sorry, happy, confident, anxious, aware, convinced, determined, proud, worried, thankful, ashamed, annoyed, disappointed, hurt, content等。
I'm very pleased that all of your family will come.我很高兴你们全家都会来。
I'm sure that they'll make it in spite of the terrible weather.我确信尽管天气很不好，但他们会准时到达的。
(2)sure后宾语从句的连接词that, whether, if的选择。
当be sure用于肯定句时，其后的宾语从句的连接词常用that；当be sure用于否定
句时，其后的宾语从句的连接词常用whether或if。
Are you sure that I won't bother you if I sit beside you? 你确定我坐在你旁边不会打扰你吗？
I am not sure whether I should write to him or not.我不确定要不要给他写信。
重难点 宾语从句的时态
(1)主句的谓语动词如果是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态。
He says that he studies at school from Monday to Friday.他说他从周一至周五都在学校学习。
He will tell us what happened to him during our absence.他会告诉我们我们不在的期间他出了什么事的。
(2)主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态。The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday afternoon.那个男孩说周日下午没有课。
My Chinese teacher asked me if I was reading the book Red and Black when he came in.我的语文老师问我他进来时我是否在读《红与黑》这本书。
(3)如果从句表示客观事实或真理，不管主句的谓语动词是何种时态，从句都要用一般现在时。
As a child, I was told that the moon has no light of its own.I didn't believe it.孩提时，人们告诉我月亮自身不会发光，我不相信。
特别提醒
学习宾语从句的时态的有关知识时要注意：若主句的谓语动词用一般现在时，从句的谓语动词须根据需要选用相应的时态；若主句的谓语动词用一般过去时，则从句的谓语动词也应用过去的某种时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时)；若从句的内容为客观事实、格言、谚语、真理等，从句的谓语动词的时态不受动词时态一致性原则的限制，仍然用一般现在时；若从句的内容为历史事实，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时。宾语从句的否定转移
(1)主句主语是第一人称，谓语动词think, believe, suppose, imagine, guess等后面的宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定形式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。
I don't_think I can remember the 100 words within two hours.我想我不能在两小时内记住这100个单词。I don't_suppose that he likes it.我想他不喜欢它。
(2)含有否定转移的句子变反意疑问句时有两种情况：若主句主语是第一人称，简短问
句的主语和谓语应分别与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致；若主句主语不是第一人称，简短问句的主语和谓语应分别与主句的主语和谓语保持一致。
I don't_think(that)he is interested in that thing, is he? 我认为他对那件事不感兴趣，是吗？
You don't_imagine he passed the exam, do you? 你认为他没有通过这次考试，是吗？
“I don't think/believe/suppose/expect so.”是常见的表达，但是没有“I don't hope/guess so.”，正确的表达应为“I hope/guess not.”。
[考法综述] 考查宾语从句主要集中在对引导宾语从句的各引导词的考查上，以及it作形式宾语的宾语从句的考查。
命题法 考查宾语从句的引导词
典例1 I truly believe ________beauty comes from within.[答案] that 句意：我真的相信美是发自内心的。分析句子结构可知，________beauty comes from within在句中作believe的宾语，是宾语从句，不缺少句子成分，故填that。
典例2 As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly what thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.________________________________________________________ [答案] what→how 根据语境和形容词thick可知应用how引导宾语从句，表示程度。此处表示要弄清楚到底土坯房的墙需要“多”厚。故把what改为how。
【解题法】(1)分析句子结构，找出主句谓语，判断从句类别。掌握各引导词在意义、功能上的差别。
(2)在语篇型语法填空中，要分析设空处在从句中的成分和意义，结合整个主句的结构和意义，从而找到合适的引导词。
(3)在短文改错中，先分析主句结构，再分析从句的类别，熟记各引导词的特点，找出使用错误的引导词，并改正。
A．单句填空
1．The exhibition tells us ________we should do something to stop air pollution.答案 why [句意：该展览告诉我们为什么我们要采取措施阻止空气污染。根据句意以及句子结构可知，空格处用why引导宾语从句。] 2．—I wonder ________Mary has kept her figure after all these years.—By working out every day.答案 how [根据答语“By working out every day”可知，空格处用how 来引导宾语从句，表示方式。] 3．Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for________ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.答案 what [句意：读着她的自传，我对Doris Lessing 在文学上已经取得的成就赞叹不已。根据句子结构来判断，for后接一个宾语从句，而从句中缺少宾语，所以要用what。] 4．We must find out________Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.答案 when [句意：我们一定要搞清楚Karl什么时候来，以便我们给他订房间。由句意可知，要给Karl订房间，那么就要清楚他来这里的时间，故填when。] 5．Susan made it clear to me ________ she wished to make a new life for herself.答案 that [句意：苏珊清楚地向我表明，她希望自己开始一种新的生活。it为形式宾语，设空处引导的宾语从句为真正的宾语。从句结构和句意完整，故用that。] 6．After a long journey, those young men finally reached ________they called the paradise.答案 what [句意：长途跋涉后，这些年轻人最终到达了他们称之为天堂的地方。“________they called the paradise”是宾语从句，作reach的宾语，在从句中call缺宾语，故用what引导宾语从句同时作从句中call的宾语。] 7．The 3G cellphone must be of great use and convenience to________wants to get the information through the Internet quickly.答案 whoever [句意：3G手机对于那些想要快速浏览网络获取信息的人来说一定是非常方便实用的。whoever引导宾语从句作介词to的宾语，且whoever在从句中作主语，相当于anyone who。] 8．John seemed puzzled about________the question meant.答案 what [句意：John 对这个问题意味着什么感到很迷惑。根据句子的结构判断，about后接的是一个宾语从句，而从句中meant缺少宾语，所以填what。] 9．Mom often phones me, asking________I am getting along with my studies.答案 how [句意：母亲常给我打电话，问我学习进展如何。此处asking 后为宾语从句，根据句意可知，应填how。] 10．Are you sure________Mr Li will come to your birthday party? 答案 that [句意：你确定李先生要来参加你的生日晚会吗？空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中不作成分，故用that引导。] B．单句改错
1．It is difficult for us to imagine that life was like for slaves in the ancient world.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→what [句意：对我们来说很难想象在古代奴隶的生活是什么样子的。What...be like为固定形式，表示“……是什么样子”。what引导的宾语从句作imagine的宾语，同时what在宾语从句中作介词like的宾语。] 2．Pick yourself up.Courage is doing that you're afraid to do.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→what [句意：振作起来。勇气就是做你害怕要去做的。分析句子结构可知，doing后为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故用what。that在名词性从句中不作成分。] 3．Police have found where appears to be the lost ancient statue.________________________________________________________ 答案 where→what [句意：警察已经找到了与丢失的古代的雕像类似的东西。分析句子结构可知，用what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。where是副词，不作主语。] 4．Experts believe why people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.________________________________________________________ 答案 why→that [句意：专家们相信，人们只有在必要时才去购物就能减少食物浪费。根据句意和结构可知，believe后面要求接宾语从句，而且从句中不缺句子成分，也无意义，所以用that。] 5．Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in which they are wearing.________________________________________________________
答案 which→what [句意：有些人太过在意自己的外表，总是问(别人)自己穿在身上的衣服看起来是否不错。分析句子结构，再结合句意“他们所穿的衣服”应使用连词what引导这一宾语从句，what在从句中作wear的宾语，指代人穿的衣服。which在引导名词从句时意为“哪一个”，不合题意，故把which改为what。] 6．Only when you go to New York City in person will you realize what diverse the American culture is.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→how [句意：只有当你亲自来到纽约时，你才会意识到美国文化是多么不同。根据how＋adj./adv.＋主语＋其他部分可知，应用how。故把what改为how。] 7．The bride and groom gave who attended their wedding some gifts to share their happiness.________________________________________________________ 答案 who→whoever [句意：新郎和新娘给任何一个参加他们婚礼的人发礼物以分享他们的幸福。分析句子成分可知，“who attended their wedding”是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用whoever，意为“无论谁”，而who意为“谁”，表疑问。] 8．—Dad, I want to go out for dinner with my friends tonight.—Keep in mind when you have to be home by 9：00.________________________________________________________ 答案 when→that [句意：——爸爸，今晚我想和朋友们一起出去吃饭。——记住你9点前必须回家。keep in mind that...是习惯用语，意为“记住……”，其中that引导的从句作keep的宾语。故把when改为that。] 9．This still leaves the question of that local public services should be improved in the next five years.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→how [句意：未来五年地方公共服务应该如何改进的问题仍然遗留下来。应用how引导的从句作介词of的宾语，且how在从句中作方式状语。how意为“如何”，that无意义。故把that改为how。] 10．He seems too tired today, and I wonder that he got a good sleep last night.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→if/whether [句意：他今天似乎太累了，我想知道他昨天晚上是否睡得好。宾语从句表示是否，动词后可用if或whether, that无意义，故把that改为if/whether。]
考点三 表语从句和同位语从句
基础点
一、表语从句
在句子中作表语的从句称为表语从句(Predicative Clause)。引导表语从句的连接词主要有：从属连词that, whether;连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等；连接副词when, where, why, how等。此外，表语从句还可用because和as if/as though等连接词引导。表语从句的连接词
从属连词在句中只起连接作用，不作成分；连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在从句中作状语。
从属连词：that，whether 连接代词：what，who，whose，which，whatever，whoever，whosever，whichever等
连接副词：how，when，where，why等
The question is whether you can afford it.问题是你是否买得起。
Our plan is that we'll go there once a week.我们的计划是一周去那里一次。That's what he said.那就是他说的话。
Your big opportunity is right where you are now.好机会就在你眼前。
特别提醒
if不引导表语从句；that引导表语从句一般不省略。
典例1 —When choosing furniture, you only focus on function while I think more about the design.—That's ________we differ.[答案] where 句意：——在选择家具时，你只注重功能而我更注重设计。——那正是我们不同的地方。考查表语从句。where在从句中作状语。as if/as though引导的表语从句
此类表语从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，常跟在一些连系动词后面，如： seem似乎
look看起来
taste尝起来 sound听起来 feel摸起来 appear好像
It seemed as_though it had happened yesterday.那件事好像昨天发生的一样。
It looks as_if it is going to rain.看起来天要下雨了。
特别提醒
as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，其引导的表语从句常位于系动词(如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel, smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若从句所述的是事实或是极有可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。考生要仔细体会其中的语境差别。
I felt as_if we had_known each other for years.我感觉好像我们已经认识多年了。
She looks as_if she has_been_working hard for a long time.她看起来好像努力工作了很长时间。3 because, why也可引导表语从句
because引导的表语从句，主语不能是reason或cause。常用于以下句型： This/That is why...这/那是……的原因 This/That is because...这/那是因为……
This is why we missed the early bus.这就是我们错过了早班车的原因。That's because he is ill.那是因为他生病了。
特别提醒
当主句的主语是reason时，表语从句一般用that引导，不能用why或because，这种用法常见于以下句型：
The reason why...is that...……的原因是……
The reason why he came late was that he got up late.他来晚了是因为起床晚了。
二、同位语从句 在句中作同位语的从句，称作同位语从句。同位语从句常位于下列名词之后，如： advice建议
demand要求
doubt怀疑 fact事实 hope希望 idea主意
information信息 message消息 news消息 whisper低语 order命令 problem问题 promise诺言 question问题 request请求 suggestion建议 truth事实 wish愿望 word消息 conclusion结论 thought想法
The_news_that we won the game was exciting.我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
The_suggestion_that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman.采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。
I have no_idea_when they will be back and settle down.我不知道他们什么时候回来定居。2 同位语从句的引导词
(1)常用的引导词有：that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。if一般不引导同位语从句
在同位语从句中that, whether不作成分，whether表示“是否”，其他连接词具有实义，同时在同位语从句中作一定成分。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不省略。
The_fact_that some countries are still suffering from poverty is really a great problem to the world.有一些国家仍然贫穷对整个世界来说是一个大问题。
The_question_why so many people would choose to live in the countryside is still under discussion.为什么如此之多的人愿意到乡下去居住仍然在讨论中。
典例2 I made a promise to myself________this year, my first year in high school, would be different.[答案] that 句意：我向自己保证：今年——我高中的第一年——将会是不同寻常的一年。分析句意可知，空格处引导的是同位语从句，解释说明promise的内容，并且此从句结构和意义完整，故用that引导。
(2)what也可引导同位语从句
I gave the girl a big doll, exactly what she longed to have.我给了这个女孩一个大洋娃娃，那正是她渴望拥有的东西。(3)分隔式同位语从句
有时同位语从句的谓语较短，而从句内容较长，这时为避免“头重脚轻”，常常将谓语部分提到从句前面，形成分隔式同位语从句。
My_wish will come true one day that I should buy a big house for my parents.我要给父母买一间大房子的愿望终有一天会实现的。
典例3 The notice came around two in the afternoon________the meeting would be postponed.[答案] that 句意：下午两点左右，有人通知说会议要推迟了。分析句子结构可知，“________the meeting would be postponed”是同位语从句，该从句解释说明notice的具体内容，从句不缺少成分，所以用that引导。此处谓语较短，从句较长，为避免“头重脚轻”而将从句放在了谓语部分之后，形成了分隔式同位语从句。故填that。
重难点 后边不能直接跟that从句的动词
这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。
(√)I admire their winning the match.我羡慕他们赢了比赛。
(×)I admire that they won the match.2 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词
有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句”结构中，常见的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。
(√)He impressed the manager as an honest man.他给经理的印象是个诚实人。
(×)He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.3 wh与whever引导名词性从句的区别
连接词what, which, who分别表示“……的东西或事情”、“哪一个”、“谁”，表示疑问含义；而whatever, whichever, whoever分别相当于anything that, any...that, anyone who意为“无论……”，强调一切情况。试比较：
What you choose to wear should be clean.你选择穿的衣服应该是干净的。
Whatever you choose to wear should be clean.无论你选择穿什么，你的衣服应该是干净的。
特别提醒
如何判断是用wh还是用whever引导名词性从句？
做题时，我们要认真分析语境，看看句子要表达什么意思，如果表示任何一个人或事物，无范围可言，就用whever；如果有疑问的含义，且指的是具体的人或物，就用wh。whever和no matter wh的区别
whever既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让步状语从句，如：whatever, whichever, whoever等；而no matter wh只能引导让步状语从句，如：no matter what, no matter where, no matter who等。
I will give this dictionary to whoever can win the first prize in the English
contest.我将把这本字典赠给在英语比赛中获得一等奖的人。(宾语从句)Whoever/No_matter_who can win the first prize in the English contest, I will give this dictionary to him.不管谁在英语竞赛中获得一等奖，我都会把这本字典给他。(让步状语从句)
[考法综述](1)对表语从句的考查通常是以引导词的选择为主，所以正确分析表语从句的结构相当重要。先确定从句的结构和意义是否完整，如果完整就用that，且that不能省略；如果不完整，确定所缺成分，然后结合句意选定答案。弄清从句中的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的也很重要。如果从句中的谓语是不及物动词，那么后面的部分是状语，再根据缺少的意思来选定答案。
(2)解答考查同位语从句的题目时，一定先要找出从句解释说明的那个名词，然后根据从句的意思和从句的结构判断从句所缺的引导词：
①从句意思和成分都完整就用that引导，此时要注意that引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别。
②从句成分完整，但意思不完整，就用whether(是否)，切记此时不能用if代替whether。③从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，则应用连接代词。根据句子所要表达的意思进一步选择用哪一个连接代词。
④从句缺少地点状语、时间状语、方式状语或原因状语时，则分别用连接副词where, when, how, why。
命题法1 考查表语从句
典例1 A ship in harbor is safe, but that's not ________ ships are built for.[答案] what 句意：船泊港湾固然安全，可那不是造船的初衷。but连接的并列句中that's后应为表语从句，________ ships are built for表示为什么目的而造船，what for结构与句子意思相符。
典例2 As John Lennon once said, life is that happens to you while you are busy making other plans.________________________________________________________ [答案] that→what 句意：正如约翰·列侬曾经所说，生活就是在你忙于制订其他计划的时候发生在你身上的事情。此处引导表语从句并在从句中充当主语，把that改为what。
【解题法】 表语从句的解题思路
(1)找出主句的动词、系动词之后，为表语从句分析从句意义和结构，利用各引导词的特点。
(2)在语篇型语法填空中，主要考查引导词。找出空前的系动词确定是表语从句，分析所填词在从句中的成分和意义。
(3)在短文改错中，主要考查引导词的错用、漏用和多余。掌握that与what的区别，以及who与whoever等词的区别。分析句子成分，结合句意。
命题法2 考查同位语从句
典例3 —Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? —Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it;that's one of his favorite universities.[答案] why 句意：——迈克昨天真的拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取吗？——是的，可我不知道他为什么那么做；那是他最喜欢的大学之一。设空处引导同位语从句，用于解释说明idea的内容；从句中缺少状语，根据句意此处表示原因，故用why引导。
典例4 The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief what you are better than anyone else on the sports field.________________________________________________________ [答案] what→that [句意：成功达到最高水平的唯一办法是保持这样一种信念，即你比运动场上的任何一个人都好。分析句子结构可知。此处为同位语从句，而且从句结构和意义完整，所以用that。] 【解题法】 同位语从句的解题思路
(1)掌握常跟同位语从句的一些名词如suggestion, advice, hope等，了解同位语从句的功能。
(2)在语篇型语法填空中，主要是考查引导词。同位语从句的引导词that较多见，也会考到when, where等。分析主句结构，识别关键词，判断从句种类。
(3)在短文改错中，主要考查引导词的误用、漏用和多余。考生要根据主句结构挑出从句，如从句表示陈述意义，常用that引导，表疑问常用疑问词引导。
A．单句填空
1．The best moment for the football star was ________he scored the winning goal.答案 when [句意：对这个足球明星来说，进球得分的时刻是最好的时刻。when在表语从句中表时间。] 2．“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.”This is ________my mother used to tell me.答案 what [句意：“每次你吃甜东西，喝点绿茶。”这是过去妈妈经常对我说的话。分析结构可知，此处考查的是表语从句的引导词。从句缺少tell的直接宾语，用what引导。] 3．—What a mess!You are always so lazy!—I'm not to blame, mum.I am________you have made me.答案 what [句意：——真是一团糟！你总是这么懒惰！——妈妈，别怪我。我现在这样就是你造就的呀。分析成分可知，I am后是表语从句，引导词what在从句中作made me后的宾语补足语，相当于the one that，即I am the one that you have made me。类似例子还有：He is no longer what(＝the one that)he used to be。] 4．Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's________I was born.” 答案 where [句意：奶奶指着那个医院说：“那就是我出生的地方。”此处考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句。] 5．Courage is a kind of quality ——and that's ________it takes to face the
challenges in life.答案 what [句意：勇气是一种好品质，那就是面对生活中挑战所需要的品质。that's 后为表语从句，而且引导词作从句中takes的宾语。故应填what。] 6．Faced with difficulties, you should believe your confidence is ________makes a difference.答案 what [句意：面对困难，你应该相信你的自信会起很大作用。make a difference意为“起作用，有影响”；本句中“________makes a difference”是表语从句，因为从句缺主语，故用what。] 7．Don't be sad.The most important thing is ________we must learn from our mistakes and move on.答案 that [句意：不要难过，最重要的是我们必须从错误中吸取教训，并继续前进。表语从句不缺任何成分，故填that。] 8．I'm afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is ________he never finishes anything.答案 why [句意：我觉得他说得多做得少，这就是他从来没有完成任何事情的原因。分析句子结构可知，此处which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容；在定语从句中，空处引导表语从句，再结合句意可知应填why。] 9．The message of Saving Private Ryan is ________humans want peace, not war.答案 that [句意：《拯救大兵瑞恩》传达的信息是人们想要和平而不是战争。此处为表语从句，从句不缺少成分，所以用that引导。] B．单句改错
1．From space, the earth looks blue.This is why about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.________________________________________________________ 答案 why→because [句意：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面大约有71%的区域被水覆盖。分析句子结构可知，此处为表语从句，表示原因，故用because。because后加原因，why后加结果。因此把why改为because。] 2．Evidence has been found through years of study why children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.________________________________________________________ 答案 why→that [句意：通过数年的研究，儿童早期睡眠问题长大后有可能继续的证据已经被找到了。分析句子结构可知，空格后面的部分是解释说明evidence的内容，是evidence的同位语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，故把why改为that。] 3．Her only problem, if you can call it a problem, is what she expects to be successful all the time.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→that [句意：如果能称之为问题的话，她唯一的问题是她一直想成功。引导表语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分，故用that引导。] 4．The problem is what we can improve our reading skill in such a short time.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→how [句意：问题是我们如何在这么短的时间内提高我们的阅读技能。分析句子成分并结合句意可知，这里需要用连接副词how来引导表语从句。] 5．There is still some doubt that the system will work even though all the factors have been considered.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→whether [句意：即使所有的因素都考虑了，系统是否会运转仍有些疑问。whether引导同位语从句，作doubt的同位语，whether表示“是否”。] 6．People all over the world have a dream whether they will always live a peaceful life.________________________________________________________ 答案 whether→that [句意：全世界的人民都有一个梦想，即永远过着和平的生活。此处为同位语从句，解释名词dream的内容，因为从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，所以用that引导。] 7．The expert's argument what the increasing number of cars is the main cause of the rising PM 2.5 readings has got much support from the public.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→that [句意：这个专家的争论已经得到了来自公众的大力支持，争论围绕汽车数量的增加是PM2.5值上升的主要原因。此处为同位语从句，解释说明argument的内容，因从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以使用that引导。]
易错题一：名词性从句中连接词的误用
[例1] ________ surprised me most was to see some of the village people seated on the benches at the end of the room.[错解] It/That/Who [错因分析] 此处缺少主语，因此考生容易误用It, That, Who, Which等。[答案] What [心得体会]
[例2] I have no idea ________ he will come here or not this afternoon, for he is very busy at the present time.[错解] which/that/if [错因分析] 该题貌似定语从句，考生易误填which/that。此外，一些考生也许一看到后面的“or not”容易误填if。根据语意可知，idea后面接一个同位语从句，该从句是
对idea的解释说明，且由后面的“or not”可知应用whether。if不能引导同位语从句。
[答案] whether [心得体会]
易错题二：漏用关系词
[例] She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood ________ ________ he said meant.[错解] that;what [错因分析] 许多同学一看便判断出understood后为宾语从句，第一空误填that;第二个空认为said后缺宾语，填what。
[答案] what;what [心得体会]
易错题三：名词性从句中用it作形式主语或宾语
[例] ________has been proved that eating vegetables in childhood helps to
protect you against serious illnesses in later life.[错解] What [错因分析] 考生误认为此空引导主语从句，缺少主语，误填What。[答案] It [心得体会]
第三篇：名词性从句一轮复习教学设计
一轮复习名词性从句教学设计
肇州县第二中学 李雪松
学情分析：
教学对象为高中三年级学生。经过两年的磨合师生配合完美，学生完全适应教师的教学方法。不过，所教授学生的英语水平参差不齐，因此在教学过程中，布置的任务要兼顾各个层次的学生，使他们都有所收获。根据这些特点紧密结合高考重点，主要采用启发诱导的方法，从易到难，从整体到细节地精心设计教学活动，给学生展示自我，表现自我的机会，激发学生的学习兴趣，让学生体验成功。设计理念：
这是名词性从句语法课的第一次系统的复习，尽管之前在课本中已经让学生对名词性从句有了很多的理解，我这次要做的是把枯燥的语法知识与现实热门话题联系在一起，起到寓教于乐的作用的同时让学生理解语法是可以很生动的。学习目标：
1.知识与技能：学生们能够认识什么是名词性从句，了解它的位置及句型结构，并能掌握运用名词性从句。
2.过程与方法：从简单句与名词性从句的对比引入该主题；由引导词逐渐增加的顺序由浅入深，激发兴趣并一直有新的收获，通过一些简单的名词性从句让学生们自己找规律，总结出句型特点及用法。最后，通过各种不同题型的训练熟练掌握该句型。
3.情感与价值观：首先通过热门话题《running man》提升学生兴趣，用一些积极向上的例句激发学生情感；因为授课时恰逢感恩节，最后让学生用所学的名词性从句写出关于感恩的短文。重点
如何区别名词性从句
如何区别定语从句和同位语从句 难点
运用名词性从句相关知识进行解题 教学过程
Step1.通过四句话由学生讨论什么叫“名词性从句” 1.His job is important.What he does is important.2.This is his job.This is what he does every day.3.I don’t like his job.I don’t like what he does every day.4.I don’t know about the man, Mr.White.I don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher.Step2.名词性从句的分类
I.主语从句：句子的主语部分由一句话构成 You missed Running Man is a pity.（×）That you missed Running Man is a pity.It is a pity that you missed Running Man.学生总结that用法
Did he lie?
他是否说谎了还不清楚。Did he lie is not clear.（×）
Whether did he lie is not clear.（×）Wheher he lied is not clear.It is not clear whether he lied.学生总结whether用法
When did he leave?
他什么时候离开的还没有人知道。When did he leave remains unknown.（×）When he left remains unknown.It remains unknown when he left.学生总结特殊疑问词引导名词性从句的用法，并用不同连接词造句。
Practice time：
_____ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.Whoever comes is welcome.Who is on duty today is unknown.II.表语从句：
The pity is that you missed Running Man.My concern is whether he lied.The point is when he left.学生总结：句子充当表语，规则同主语从句 其他连接词：11词+as if/though, because
This/ That/ It is because...look/ seem/ sound as if...It looks as if it is going to rain.That is because he was late.Practice time：
___ makes mother surprised is ___ Jack was fooled by such a simple trick.III.同位语从句：用一句话跟在一个名词后面，对其进行解释说明。如在: fact, news, belief, truth, idea„等词后 把单句连成同位语从句
We all know the fact.John broke the cup. I have a doubt.Will he help us? I have no idea.What are you talking about? Practice time：
The suggestion ______he raised at the meeting is very good.The suggestion ____ the students(should)have plenty of exercise is very good.定语从句：一句话跟在名词或代词后面，对名词进行修饰限定。1)The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.学生总结同位语从句和定语从句的区别 IV宾语从句：
1.陈述句用that引导，第一个that可省略
I know(that)you have passd the exam and that you are going to celebrate.2.一般疑问句用whether和if引导 I wonder whether/ if he needs my help.只用whether
介词后的宾语从句
We are talking about whether we can have a holiday.whether or not句式
I don't know whether we should go abroad or not.3.疑问句做宾语从句 I don't know how far I can run without stopping.考点1.宾语从句后置，it作形式宾语（后有补语）I think that we can get there before two o'clock impossible.I think it impossible that...考点2.否定前移
I think you are not right.→I don't think...考点3.时态：主过从过 Practice time: correction He asked whether his father will come back.He said that he has seen it.The teacher said that the earth travels aroud the sun.Exercises 1._____made the school proud was ____more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.2._____she could not understand was ____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.3.He is absent from school.It is _______ he is seriously ill.4.The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.5.I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.6.Some people believe ________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.7.Exactly ____ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.8.Never stop doing _________ you are fond of.9.–Many online games are full of violence, which do harm to the development of the children.--And that’s _______ my concern lies.10.The children are talking about ______should be the leader of the group.判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句
1.They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.2.The hope that she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.3.The fact that she works hard is well known to us all.4.I can't stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly.Extend: What we always forget is that happiness doesn't come as a result of getting what we don't have, but appreciating what we do have.Remember the fact that to live gratefully is to touch the Heaven.Homework: 时近感恩节，用名词性从句写一篇关于感恩节的短文。人们庆祝感恩节的原因是.....作为子女(作为学生、作为社会个体），我会做我能做的事情是......让...感到...是非常重要的。我们相信世界上有一部分最幸福的人就是那些给别人带来快乐的人。
反思：通过这节课的学习，学生初步掌握了名词性从句的概念，知道不同从句的区分；能够分辨在使用名词性从句时候的一些区别。最值得高兴的是：这些概念和区别是他们自己通过老师的展示和与同学的讨论自己总结出来的。
本节课的不足之处在于：在本课的小组活动，合作探究重点和难点这一环节中，可以适当多给学生们一些时间，这样他们的讨论会更深入些；还有就是由于时间的关系,最后的部分略显匆忙，而且没有一直让学生在讲完一个从句就造句的设想。
第四篇：高三英语名词性从句学案
名词性从句一轮复习同步导学案
【学习目标】：
掌握名词性从句引导词的用法，并能判断出主语从句这一类型的从句。
名词性从句定义：在句子中起_________作用的句子叫名词性从句。
名词性从句分四类：____________ _____________ ______________ _____________
【名词性从句的引导词】
1.从属连词：that, whether/if, as if/as though, because, 其中that, whether/if, 在从句中不担任成分，只起到引导从句的功能。that 没有实际意义。if(whether), 意思为 “是否”。
I don’t care about __________ you have money or not.The problem is __________ Tom is able to arrive on time.__________ the meeting will be held here is not decided yet.It looks __________ it is going to rain.The truth is __________he didn’t come for the concert.__________ the earth is round is true.易混点whether与if区别
二者都可以作“是否”讲，能引导名词性从句，都不能省略。1.）在及物动词后引导宾语从句时可以互换；
注意：在某些动词后（如:discuss）只能接whether，不能跟if。如： We discussed whether we should close the shop.2.）引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时都用whether，不用if。如：
The question whether he should come himself or send another man hasn’t been decided.Whether he will win is all the same to me.The question is whether you can go there yourself.如果用形式主语，if和whether都可以 It is unknown whetherif she is ill.3.）如果whether后紧跟or not，不用换做if；若whether与or not分开使用，则可以换作if。如：
I wonder whether or not he has arrived at the destination.I don’t know whetherif I can come or not.4.）若宾语从句为否定结构，则多用if，而不用whether。如： I don’t care if he doesn’t show up.（在乎，炫耀）
5.）在介词后引导宾语从句或与带to的动词不定式结合而构成不定式的复合结构时，只能用whether，而不用if。如：
I haven’t settled the question of whether I will go back home.She doesn’t know whether to get married now or wait.2、连接代词：连接代词指既具有代词的特点，同时又能够引导从句的词。主要有what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, whom, whomever, which, whichever。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等,不能省略。
I don’t believe __________ he has achieved so far.__________ breaks the law should be punished.____________ he said encouraged me greatly.What worried us most is_________ let out the secret.3、连接副词：连接副词指既具有副词的特点，同时又能够引导从句的词。主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。
__________ we will hand in the project will be discussed later.Parents are thought to understand __________ important education is to their children’s future.The reason __________ he was absent was that he was ill.This is_____________ the accident happened.【判断】下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句： 1.China is no longer what it used to be.2.The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3.It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4.How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.5.The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.6.The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7.That is where Lu Xun used to live.8.He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9.Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school? 10.I wonder why she refused my invitation.主语从句
1、主语从句在复合句作主语。引导主语从句的引导词如下：who，that，which，what，when，where，how，whether，why，whoever，whichever，whatever等。e.g.Who will go is not important.When they will come hasn't been made public.他们来的时间没有公布。
2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。e.g.It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.她的头发正在变白，这使她很不安。
It is a pity that you missed such a good chance.3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。e.g.That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.4.whoever，whatever，whichever引导的主语从句
(1)whoever相当于anyone who，表明泛指关系，表示 “任何„„的人都，凡是„„的人都”。Whoever comes will be welcome.谁来都是受欢迎的。(2)whatever相当于anything that，表示“无论什么„„”。
Whatever was said here must be kept secret.在这里所说的一切都要保密。(3)whichever意为“无论哪个，无论哪些”。既可指人，也 可指物；既可单独使用，也可修饰名词，也可以跟of短语连用。
Whichever of us fulfils his task first will lend a hand to others.无论我们中哪一个先完成了任务都将帮助其他人。
Whichever book you choose doesn't matter to me.你选哪本书不关我的事。5.what与that引导主语从句的区别 what引导主语从句时，表示“所„„的(东西)”，并且在从句中充当句子成分；而that作为从属连词，引导主语从句时，其本身没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，不可省略。
What she was afraid of was their taking her daughter abroad.她害怕的是他们带她女儿出国。
That he will refuse the offer is unlikely.他不可能拒绝这个报价。It is reported that three people were killed in the accident.据报道，三个人在这次事故中死亡。
例题： some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A.Whether B.What C.That D.How 例题： It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A.how B.which C.that D.what
任务：找出10个主语从句的例子。
英语语法专题------名词性从句 同步导学案(2)
学习目标：第二部分学案主要解决表语从句，宾语从句，同位语从句的判断。
表语从句
1.可接表语从句的连系动词可接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear等。China is no longer what she used to be.今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。The question remains whether they will be able to help us.问题还是他们能否帮我们。It appears that he has a taste for music.看来他对音乐有一定的鉴赏力.At that time, it seemed as if I couldn’t think of the right word anyhow.当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。The question was who could go there.My idea is that we can get more comrades to help in the work.2.从引导词角度学习表语从句
that 引导的表语从句
The fact is that we should depend on ourselves.事实是我们必须依靠自己。
如果主语是 suggestion, advice, order, command 这类建议，要求，命令的名词，表语从句的的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should 可以省略。
My advice is that you(should)think it over before you make a decision.我的建议就是你做出决定之前仔细考虑一下。
whether 引导的表语从句
The point is that whether we should lend him the money.翻译_________________________________________________
Wh-类连接词引导的表语从句
自己总结连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, whom, whomever, which, whichever。连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever相关句子。例如：The question is however we can do the work better.问题是我们究竟如何才能够把这项工作做得更好。
As as if/as though 引导的表语从句
此类表语从句连系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear。
He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.听上去好像有人在敲门。
because 引导的表语从句
That is because he didn’t understand me.那时因为他不理解我。
宾语从句
.宾语从句：在复合句中作主句的宾语。引导词有连词that , whether, if;who, whom, whose, what ,which;when ,where, how, why 等。在谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、分词、动名词之后都可以带有宾语从句。某些形容词如sure, happy, glad, certain, pleased 等之后也可以带有宾语从句。
如:
(1)V + 宾语从句，即“动宾”： We believe that he is honest.I asked if they had a cheap suit.Can you tell me which dictionary is hers? I really don’t know what he is doing.例1---Don’t you believe me?
---______, I will believe ______ you say.A.No;whatever B.Yes;no matter what C.No;no matter what D.Yes;whatever 例2“What did your parents think about your decision?” “They always let me do ______ I think I should.”
A.when B.that C.how D.what
(2)prep + 宾语从句，即“介宾”：
He’s pleased with what we did yesterday.Pay attention to what the teacher said.例3 I wish to have a friend with ______ shares my hobbies and interests.A.whomever B.no matter who C.whoever D.anyone 例4 Mary wrote an article on ______ the team had failed to win the game.A.why B.what C.who D.that
(3)adj + 宾语从句，即“形宾”： that 引导的名词性从句还可以用在一些形容词后面。这种句型一般都用人作主语，所用的形容词都是表示思想状况或感情色彩的形容词，如certain, sure, positive, afraid, convinced, anxious, disappointed, worried, glad, happy, sorry, amazed, surprised, aware, doubtful, confident等等。
I am sure/certain that he’s at home now.我肯定他现在在家。He remains confident that he will win.他仍然自信他会赢。She is aware that I can’t help her.她知道我帮不了她的忙。I am glad that you’ve come.你来了我很高兴。
I’m sure that my brother will love the jacket./ I am glad that you can come and help me.不能误将”It + be + adj + that” 的主语从句当成宾语从句.如：It is necessary that we should learn English well.例4 Exercises: I asked her __________ she had a bike.__________ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.We’re worried about __________ he is safe.I don’t know __________ he is well or not.I don’t know ___________ or not he is well.The question is __________ he should do it.The doctor can hardly answer the question __________ the old man will recover soon.（1）如果宾语从句是由that 引导，and或but连接的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句, 那么只有第一个that可以省略，第二个或第二个以后的that不能省略.He said(that)the text was very difficult and that we had to work hard at it.My desk mate told me(that)he watched a football match last night, but that it was very discouraging.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，就用it作形式宾语，将宾语从句后置，并且that不可以省略.He has made it clear that he will win the game.I find it necessary that we should learn English well.We find it necessary that we practice spoken English every day.(2)表示“建议，命令，要求”的宾语从句，如advise, suggest, order, request, require, demand 等，从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形,should可省略。
(3)在“主语+ believe/think/suppose/know/expect”的结构中，其否定形式要用否定转移，即主句否定，从句肯定。
I don’t think he will come.I don’t think I’ll trouble you again.I don’t expect that they will get married soon.(4)宾语从句的时态呼应：
a.如果主句时态是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.He believes _________________________.b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Please tell me _________________________.c.如果主句谓语是一般过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但如果从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。
他告诉我他正在为考试做准备.He told me _______________________________.他说他已离开家乡十年了。He told me _________________________________.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的.The teacher told us _________________________.例5Exercises:（1）Do you see ______ I mean? A.that B./ C.how D.what（2）Tell me______ is on your mind.A.that B.what C.which D.why（3）We must stick to ______ we have agreed on.A.what B.that C./ D.how（4）Let me see ______.A.that can I repair the radio B.whether I can repair the radio C.I can repair the radio
D.whether can I repair the radio(5)Keep in mind ______.A.that the teacher said
B.what did the teacher say C.that did the teacher say D.what the teacher said
同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。
e.g.I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.同位语从句中that引导词与定语从句中 that区别
The father made a promise that he will buy his son a new car.同位语从句 The father broke his promise(that)he made last week.定语从句 跟同位语从句的名词
(只是作为辅助方法判断同位语从句，不是主要依据。)Advice belief, doubt, explanation, fact, fear, feeling, hope，Idea, news, opinion, order, possibility, promise, problem, probability
Question, reply, report, suggestion, thought, truth, wish, warning
判断同位语从句的主要依据：（假设法）
假设that 引导的为定语从句，看that 在从句中是否担当成份，如：he father broke his promise(that)he made last week.定语从句 that 担当了made的宾语，即made his promise,所以本句为定语从句，否则如The father made a promise that he will buy his son a new car.同位语从句，that不担当从句的成份，所以不是定语从句，为同位语从句。
The father made a promise that he will buy his son a new car.同位语从句 The father broke his promise(that)he made last week.定语从句 本节任务：宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句各找出5个例子。
自主学习完成下列题目
15.The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.A.until B.that C.when D.where 16.News came from the school office _____ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A.which B.what C.that D.where 17.－Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport? －No problem.19.One reason for her preference for city life is _____ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A.that B.how C.what D.why 20.The news __________________________（房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices.(fall)高三英语语法专题------名词性从句 同步导学案(3)
学习目标：第三部分学案主要解决名词性从句的疑难点。热点一．语序与时态：
想一想：名词性从句中的语序要注意什么问题？
1.No one can be sure _____in a million years.A.what man will look like B.what will man look like C.man will look like what D.what look will man like 2.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _____.A.who he is B who he is C who is it D who it is 小结1：不管主句是肯定句、否定句还是疑问句,名词性从句总是使用_____________.疑点：Mum is coming.What present do you expect _____for your birthday? A.that she has got B.that has she got C.she has got D.has she got 思考：句中出现插入语时，语序该怎么办？ 疑点观察、总结与拓展：
4.What do you think we should do to solve the problem of air pollution in cities? 5.Where do you suppose he can be? 小结2：以上句子体现了何种句式结构？_____________________________ 小试牛刀：
6.Rose looks worried.What do you think ____________________(她该怎么办)? Exception :7．He went up to see ________ with her.A what was the matter B what is the matter C what the matter was D what the matter is 思考：1.语序？ 2．时态？ 能力激活2：
想一想： 宾语从句中的时态应如何与主句时态保持相应的一致？
1.The police found that the house _____ and a lot of things _____． A．has broken into;has been stolen B．had broken into;had been stolen C．has been broken into;stolen D．had been broken into;stolen 2.We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _____ office soon． A.leaves B.would leave C． left D． had left 小结1: 主句是过去时态时，宾语从句用_________________.但如果表达真理性 的，则用现在时。
3.I don’t know when_____, but if he _____, I’ll let you know.A.he comes , will come B he will come , will come C he will come, comes D he comes, comes 观察与比较：I’m not sure if he will come ,but if he comes ,I’ll let you know.小结2：主句是现在时态，宾语从句用_________________.感悟疑点 : He has come, but I didn’t know that he _____ until yesterday.A is coming B will come C was coming D wasn’t coming
热点二．连接词的选择 能力激活3 观察与思考：that与what 的用法有什么不同？ 1.What you need is more practice.2.That he needed a lot of money made us surprised.3.Energy is what makes things work.4.China is no longer what it used to be.5.What impressed me most was that he was always patient with children.6.He told me(that)she was ill and that her mother wouldn’t let her go.7.Word came that our team won the game.归纳：
1．that和what都可以引导名词性从句。2．what是连接代词，引导名词性从句，在从句中有____，必须担任____,不能_________.3．that是连接词，本身无______，仅起_____作用，不在从句中担任______；引导宾语从句时可以省略，但引导多个宾语从句时，只有第 ___个that 可以省略。在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时that一般__________。
感悟疑点：
1.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walking in space.A where B what C that D how 2.They lost their way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was that night began to fall.A.that B it C what D which 3._____ no one likes his ideas is not strange at all.A.What B How C When D That 4._____ made the school proud was _____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key university.A.What;because B What;that C That;what D That;because 5..Word has came _____some American guests will come for a visit.A.what B.that C.whether D.when 6.He told us _____ his father had died and ____ he had to live alone.A that, / B /, that C what,/ D / , what Test : 1.He often thinks of _____ he can do for his country.2.He often thinks of _____ he can do more for his country.A.what B how C that D which 3.One of the men held the view _____ the book said was right.A that B what that C that what D whether 4.(?)I’m not sure that when he will be back.能力激活4
观察与思考：在名词性从句中wh—ever与 wh---有什么异同？ 1.Whoever breaks the law should be published.2.whatever was said here must be kept secret.3.I’ll give you whatever you want.4.I’ll give you what you want.小结1: wh-ever 与wh-引导的名词性从句在语法结构上________,在意义上__________，有“__________”的意思。
体会例题
1.It is a rule in his family that_____ comes home earlier should cook the dinner for the family.A.anybody B.who C.who that D.whoever 2.I think the doctor is able to care for_____ is the matter with your son.A.all B.what C.whatever D.anything 3.The wild flowers are so special I would do _____ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever 观察、体会与思考：以下从句都是什么从句
1.Whoever breaks the law should be punished.2.Whoever breaks the law , he should be punished.3.________________ breaks the law , he should be punished.4.(?)Who breaks the law should be punished.5.(?)Anyone breaks the law should be punished.小结2 ：
wh－ever既可以引导__________从句，又可以引导_________从句．引导名词性从句时相当于名词＋定语从句；引导让步状语从句时相当于__________________.能力激活5
观察、体会与总结：
1.Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.2.Her ability has never been in doubt---the question is whether he is prepared to work hard.3.It depends on whether we will have enough money.5.It doesn’t' t matter whether he' s come back or not.？ 小结：名词性从句只用 whether的几种情况： 1.主语从句置于__________________.2.引导________从句时，不用 if.3.做______的宾语从句时 4.与______和______连用时.热点三：几点特殊用法 能力激活6
思考: 想一想it在名词性从句中起到什么作用？
1.______ is reported that he will return to his hometown soon.A What B It C As D That 2.I made _____ clear that I was determined to carry out the plan.A this B that C them D it 小结1:.在名词性从句中，当主语从句置后时，要使用________________.2.在如果宾语从句后边还有宾语补足语，则用it作_______而将宾语从句放于句末.3.I hate_____ when people talk with their mouths full.(NMET 98)A it B that C these D them 4.I should have seen to it that she was told.（我本应该确保通知到她的）
小结3：see to, appreciate, like , love, hate----等动词后跟上宾语从句时，要使用__________.Exercise : 1.很遗憾他竟然犯了那样一个错误。
_________________________________________ 2．我认为学好英语很重要
____________________________________.能力激活7：学以致用
1.______ is known to us ____ the moon travels around the earth every month.2.______ is known to us is ____the moon travels around the earth every month.3._____ is known to everyone , the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.What B.It C.that D.As 能力激活8 想一想: 当你看到insist, order, commend, suggest, advise, recommend, require, request, desire, urge时，你会想到什么语气？它的结构是什么样的？
1.He made a suggestion that the English test ______ until next Wednesday.A.will be put off B.be put off C.will put off D.put off 2.Her pale face suggested that she ______ ill.A.should B.should be C.was D.is 3.The step—mother was punishing the poor girl, but she insisted that she ______the flower vase.A didn’t break B not break C doesn’t break D shouldn’t break 小结：
1.与“命令、要求、建议”等相关的名词性从句中通常用虚拟语气，虚拟语气的构成是_____________________________________.2.suggest 与insist在当___________________意思用时,用陈述语气
完成相关习题
11.— I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.— That’s ______ I don’t agree.You should have a more active life.A.where B.how C.when D.what 12.Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _____ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.A.what B.that C.why D.whether 13.—I think it is going to be a big problem.—Yes, it could be.—I wonder ___ we can do about it.A.if B.how C.what D.that 14.__ is no possibility ___ Bob can win the first prize I the match.A.There;that B.It;what C.There;whether D.It;whether
英语语法专题------名词性从句 自主学习完成相关习题
1.It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.A.as B.which C.whether D.that 2.______ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A.That B.Which C.What D.As 3.It is none of your business ______ other people think about you.Believe yourself.A.how B.what C.which D.when 4.___ matters most in learning English is enough practice.A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which 5.---Are you still thinking about yesterday's game?---Oh, that's_______.A.what makes me feel excite B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited 6.---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.---Is that_______ you had a few days off? A.why B.when C.what D.where
7.Perseverance is a kind of quality and that’s ____ it takes to succeed.A.When B.that C.whether D.what 8.We should consider the students’ request ___ the school library provide more books on popular science.A.that B.when C.which D.where 8.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly____ he wants.A.what B.which C.when D.that 9.Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in do anything well.A.what B.that C.which D.why the office knew she was so angry.A.where B.whether C.that D.why here and treat food nicely.A.that B.which C.what D.whether
高三英语语法专题------名词性从句 同步导学案(1)参考答案
【名词性从句的引导词】
1.从属连词：that, whether/if, as if/as though, because, 其中that, whether/if, 在从句中不担任成分，只起到引导从句的功能。that 没有实际意义。if(whether), 意思为 “是否”。
I don’t care about ____whether______ you have money or not.The problem is ___whether_______ Tom is able to arrive on time.____where(when/how)______ the meeting will be held here is not decided yet.It looks ___as if(as though)_______ it is going to rain.The truth is ____that______he didn’t come for the concert._____That _____ the earth is round is true.易混点whether与if区别
二者都可以作“是否”讲，能引导名词性从句，都不能省略。4.）在及物动词后引导宾语从句时可以互换；
10.We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have we have 注意：在某些动词后（如:discuss）只能接whether，不能跟if。如： We discussed whether we should close the shop.5.）引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时都用whether，不用if。如：
The question whether he should come himself or send another man hasn’t been decided.Whether he will win is all the same to me.The question is whether you can go there yourself.如果用形式主语，if和whether都可以 It is unknown whetherif she is ill.6.）如果whether后紧跟or not，不用换做if；若whether与or not分开使用，则可以换作if。如：
I wonder whether or not he has arrived at the destination.I don’t know whetherif I can come or not.4.）若宾语从句为否定结构，则多用if，而不用whether。如： I don’t care if he doesn’t show up.（在乎，炫耀）
5.）在介词后引导宾语从句或与带to的动词不定式结合而构成不定式的复合结构时，只能用whether，而不用if。如：
I haven’t settled the question of whether I will go back home.She doesn’t know whether to get married now or wait.2、连接代词：连接代词指既具有代词的特点，同时又能够引导从句的词。主要有what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, whom, whomever, which, whichever。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等,不能省略。
I don’t believe ____what______ he has achieved so far.__Whoever________ breaks the law should be punished.____What_______ he said encouraged me greatly.what What worried us most is____who____ let out the secret.who
3、连接副词：连接副词指既具有副词的特点，同时又能够引导从句的词。主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。
____when_____ we will hand in the project will be discussed later.(此题答案需要再讨论)Parents are thought to understand ___how_______ important education is to their children’s future.The reason ___why_______ he was absent was that he was ill.This is__where/when/how__________ the accident happened.一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句： 1.China is no longer what it used to be.2.The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3.It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4.How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.5.The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.6.The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7.That is where Lu Xun used to live.8.He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9.Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school? 10.I wonder why she refused my invitation.参考答案
一、1、表语从句；
2、同位语从句；
3、不是；
4、主语从句；
5、同位语从句；
6、不是；
7、表语从句；
8、宾语从句；
9、不是；
10、宾语从句
主语从句
1、主语从句在复合句作主语。引导主语从句的引导词如下：who，that，which，what，when，where，how，whether，why，whoever，whichever，whatever等。
e.g.Who will go is not important.When they will come hasn't been made public.他们来的时间没有公布。
2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。
e.g.It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.她的头发正在变白，这使她很不安。
It is a pity that you missed such a good chance.3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。
e.g.That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.4.whoever，whatever，whichever引导的主语从句(1)whoever相当于anyone who，表明泛指关系，表示 “任何„„的人都，凡是„„的人都”。Whoever comes will be welcome.谁来都是受欢迎的。
(2)whatever相当于anything that，表示“无论什么„„”。
Whatever was said here must be kept secret.在这里所说的一切都要保密。(3)whichever意为“无论哪个，无论哪些”。既可指人，也 可指物；既可单独使用，也可修饰名词，也可以跟of短语连用。
Whichever of us fulfils his task first will lend a hand to others.无论我们中哪一个先完成了任务都将帮助其他人。Whichever book you choose doesn't matter to me.你选哪本书不关我的事。5.what与that引导主语从句的区别 what引导主语从句时，表示“所„„的(东西)”，并且 在从句中充当句子成分；而that作为从属连词，引导主语从句时，其本身没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，不可省略。
What she was afraid of was their taking her daughter abroad.她害怕的是他们带她女儿出国。
That he will refuse the offer is unlikely.他不可能拒绝这个报价。It is reported that three people were killed in the accident.据报道，三个人在这次事故中死亡。
例题： some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A.Whether B.What C.That D.How 答案：B
例题： It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A.how B.which C.that D.what 答案：D
第五篇：2012届高考英语复习名词性从句精讲精练学案 新人教版
名词性从句
名词性从句的几个难点 that通常不可省略的三种情况(1)引导主语从句，that置于句首时。
That he failed in the exam made his parents disappointed.他考试不及格让父母很失望。
(2)当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二和以后几个从句的that不可省略。
I wished(that)we could go sighting in Hangzhou this summer and that we could buy some books on our way back in Shanghai.我希望今年夏天我们能去杭州旅游，并在返程时在上海买些书回来。(3)由it作形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中，that也不可省略。He has made it clear that he wouldn’t agree to the plan.他已清楚表明不同意这项计划。what和that在名词性从句中的区别
(1)what在名词性从句中可充当主语、宾语和表语，意义上相当于the thing(s)that，引导主语从句时，其谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数而定；what引导的从句可作介词的宾语从句。
What he wants are those books.他需要的是那些书。What he wants is some water.他需要的是一些水。
A modern city has been set up in what was a wasteland ten years ago.一个现代化的城市已经在10年前还是一块废地的地方建造起来了。
(2)that不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，无任何意义；引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语，谓语动词用单数；引导宾语从句时，常被省略；that从句一般不充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except，in的宾语。
That she will refuse the offer seems unlikely.(＝It seems unlikely that she will refuse the offer.)她不可能拒绝那个建议。
I have found(that)all the tickets have been sold out.用心
爱心
专心 1
我发现所有的票已售完。
He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.除了有点粗心之外，他是一个好学生。whether与if的用法比较
(1)二者均可作“是否”讲，都可以引导名词性从句，引导宾语从句可以互换。I don’t know whether/if he’ll attend the meeting.我不知道他是否会出席会议。
(2)在下列情况下，常用whether，不用if。①whether引导从句可以放于句首。
Whether he comes or not makes no difference.他来不来都一样。
②whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，if不可。
The question whether he should join the team has not been decided upon.他是否入队的问题还没决定。
The question is whether it is worth trying.问题是这是否值得一试。
③whether可以作介词宾语，if则不可。
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll lend him the money.关于是否借给他钱的问题，我还没最后决定。④whether后可以加不定式，if不可。
He didn’t know whether to get married or to wait.他不知道是该结婚还是该等待。
⑤可以说whether...or引导让步状语从句，“无论，不论”，if则不可。Whether it rains or snows，I don’t care.无论下雨还是下雪，我都不在乎。that引导的定语从句和同位语从句的区别
(1)that 作为关系代词引导定语从句，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语，作宾语时常可省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词作用，无实义，也不作句子的任何成分，一般不能省略。The news(that)he told me surprised me.(定语从句)他告诉我的消息让我很吃惊。
用心
爱心
专心
The news that he gave in surprised me.(同位语从句)他投降的消息让我很吃惊。
(2)能跟同位语从句的通常是抽象名词，常见的有belief(信念)，fact(事实)，idea(想法)，hope(希望)，doubt(怀疑)，news(新闻)，problem(问题)，order(命令)，decision(决定)，discovery(发现)，information(信息)，knowledge(知识)，opinion(观点)，truth(事实)，report(报道)，thought(想法)等，同位语从句用于说明这些名词的具体内容。而跟定语从句的名词则范围广泛。
The fact that the transport of the goods cost too much was not discussed.运费太高这一事实没有被讨论。
We have strong belief that we will win the war.我们对能赢得这场战争抱有坚定的信心。
We have some doubt whether they can come on time.我们怀疑他们是否能准时来。
1．(2009年江西卷)The fact has worried many scientists________the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A．what
B．which C．that D．though 【解析】 本题考查同位语从句。句意为：近年来全球气候不断变暖，这一事实使得很多科学家感到担忧。该题同位语从句结构完整，故选连词that。【答案】 C 2．(2009年北京卷)At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see________it got any better.A．when C．why
B．how D．if 【解析】 句意为：一开始他不喜欢这份新工作，但还是决定给自己几个月的时间来看一看是否情况会有好转。此题考查宾语从句。从句中不缺少时间、地点、原因，排除A、B、C三项。D项表示“是否”，符合题意。【答案】 D 3．(2009年天津卷)It is obvious to the students________they should get well prepared for their future.用心
爱心
专心
A．as
B．which
D．that C．whether 【解析】 句意为：显然，学生们应该为他们的未来做好充分的准备。that引导主语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，it是形式主语。as引导定语从句或状语从句；which引导名词性从句时，意为：哪个(些)；whether是否，在此句中如用此词，则语义矛盾。【答案】 D 4．(2009江苏卷)Many young people in the West are expected to leave________could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.A．as B．that D．what C．which
【解析】 分析句子结构，leave需要一个宾语；could be需要一个主语，所以要选一个能引导宾语从句且能在句子中作主语的词，只有what能满足要求。【答案】 D 5．(2009年全国卷Ⅰ)Could I speak to________is in charge of International Sales，please? A．anyone C．whoever B．someone D．no matter who 【解析】 句意为“我可以同负责管理国际销售部的人谈一谈吗？”句中to为介词，其后是名词性从句，而从句中缺少主语和关联词，故选C。no matter who引导状语从句。【答案】 C 6．(2009年浙江卷)—Is there any possibility________you could pick me up at the airport? —No problem.A．when B．that
D．what C．whether 【解析】 句意为：——你到机场来接我行吗？——没问题。that引导同位语从句，说明possibility的内容。【答案】 B 7．(2009年重庆卷)We should consider the students’request________the school library provide more books on popular science.用心
爱心
专心
A．that B．when D．where C．which
【解析】 句意为：我们应当考虑学生们的要求，即学校图书馆应该多提供关于大众科学方面的书籍。此题考查名词性从句。名词request后的同位语从句句子结构完整，不缺任何成分，故用that引导。【答案】 A 8．(2009年四川卷)News came from the school office________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A．which C．that B．what D．where 【解析】 句意为：学校办公室传出了王琳已经被北京大学录取的消息。这是一道考查同位语从句的题目，news是同位语从句的先行词。【答案】 C 9．(2009年安徽卷)A good friend of mine from________I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.A．how B．whom D．which C．when
【解析】 句意为：在我正要动身去北京前，我幼时的一个好朋友来我家里了。从句意分析，选择when表示从我出生时就是我的一个好朋友。【答案】 C 10．(2009年江苏卷)Many young people in the West are expected to leave________could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.A．as B．that D．what C．which
【解析】 分析句子结构，leave需要一个宾语；could be需要一个主语，所以要选一个能引导宾语从句且能在句子中作主语的词，只有what能满足要求。【答案】 D 1．(2010届江西高安中学月考)The information will be helpful to________will take over the job.A．those B．who
用心
爱心
专心
C．whoever
D．anyone 【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意为：无论谁接管这份工作，这一信息都将对他有帮助。“whoever will take over the job”是介词to的宾语，whoever在从句中作主语。如果选择A、D两项，需要在后面加上who。【答案】 C 2．(2010届贵阳部分学校联考)The painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate________its price would be.A．that B．which C．what D．/ 【解析】 考查名词性从句。这里用what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作表语。这画太名贵了，很难估量其价格。【答案】 C 3．(2010届郑州一中月考)________you don’t like him is none of my business.A．What C．That B．If D．Whether 【解析】 考查名词性从句。that引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分；what引导主语从句时充当句中成分；if不能引导主语从句；whether引导的主语从句应是肯定句。由语意可知C项正确。【答案】 C 4．(2010届济南统考)The media today can draw public attention to________help is actually needed.A．that C．where B．which D．whose 【解析】 本题考查宾语从句的引导词，结合题干，where引导宾语从句并且在宾语从句中作地点状语。【答案】 C 5．(2010届临川一中期中测试)________medicine works in a human body is a question________not everyone can understand fully.A．How；that C．What；which B．That；which
D．What；that
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【解析】 how在句中引导主语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰限定question。句意为：药物是如何作用于人体的，这个问题并不是每个人都能完全理解的。【答案】 A 6．(2010年郑州一模)—I think it’s going to be an argument.—Yes，it could be.—I wonder________we can do about it.A．what B．how D．whether C．when
【解析】 考查名词性从句。what引导的名词性从句作wonder的宾语，且what作从句中谓语动词do的宾语。其他选项没有这个功能。【答案】 A 7．(2010年海淀一模)Sorry I’m so late，but you cannot imagine________great trouble I took to find your house.A．what C．which B．how D．why 【解析】 考查宾语从句。take great trouble to do something表示“不辞辛劳地做某事”。在此，what引导的宾语从句同时是一个感叹句，what修饰名词trouble。而how在感叹句中修饰形容词、副词或动词。【答案】 A 8．(2010年成都第一次诊断)Professor Backman took up scientific research for decades，and this is________he devoted all his life to.A．which C．where B．what D．how 【解析】 考查名词性从句。what引导表语从句且在从句中作介词to的宾语，表示“什么”。【答案】 B 9．(2010年上海春招)Tina was hesitating about the job offer as she did not know________the company was an established one.A．whether C．Until
B．what D．although 【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意为：Tina对所提供的工作正在犹豫中，因为她不知道这
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家公司是不是一家地位稳固的公司。此处whether引导宾语从句，作know的宾语。【答案】 A 10．(2010年潍坊检测)It could be judged from her eyes________she was very satisfied with her performance.A．what C．that B．which
D．where 【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意为：她对她的表现很满意，这可以从她的眼睛里判断出来。It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。【答案】 C 11．(2009年石家庄质量检测一)The problem is________we can improve our reading skills in such a short time.A．when C．how B．where D．that 【解析】 根据句意可知此处用how引导表语从句。【答案】 C 12．(2010年长春市第一次调研)________you have picked up，you must give it back to________it belongs to.A．Whatever；whoever B．What；no matter who C．No matter what；no matter who D．Whatever；no matter who 【解析】 考查让步状语从句与名词性从句。从句子的结构和语意可以看出前一部分是让步状语从句，可以使用no matter what或whatever来引导；to是介词，后面接的是宾语从句，因此引导词只能使用whoever，而不能使用no matter who。【答案】 A 13．(2010年西安检测)After working on the maths problem for hours，he found________he thought was the key to it.A．what C．where B．that D．which 【解析】 考查名词性从句。what引导的名词性从句作found的宾语从句的主语，而且what
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在名词性从句中作thought的宾语。其他选项不符合语法。【答案】 A 14．(2009年皖南八校二模)—I will give you happily________you ask for only if I have.—I like you indeed.A．whichever
B．whatever D．no matter which C．no matter what 【解析】 whatever引导名词性从句且作for的宾语。句意为“无论你要什么，我都会高兴地给你，只要我有”。【答案】 B 15．(2009年合肥三模)It was not what he said but________he said it that hurt my feelings.A．that C．how B．what D．whether 【解析】 考查名词性从句。这是一个强调句，强调的是主语，he said it基本句意完整，所以用表示方式的how来引导。【答案】 C
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