英语从句分类与解析[优秀范文5篇]

第一篇：英语从句分类与解析

英语从句分类与解析

主句和从句的划分方法是相同的。句子的成分从谓语动词处来划分比较容易。谓语动词前面的部分是主语，后面常接宾语，修饰谓语动词的是状语，修饰主语、宾语的是定语，若谓语是系动词，则系动词后的部分是表语。如：

从句是相对于主句而言的，即它是从属于某一个主句，而不能单独作一个句子。在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句，包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。

一、名词性从句

引导这些名词性从句的关联词包括:

从属连词that, if, whether;

连接代词 who,whoever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,what,whatever,whose;

连接副词where, when, why, how。

其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分, 而连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分.注意：1.从属连词whether和if都作“是否…”解, 但if不可引导主语从句和表语 从句。whether可与or(not)连用, 而if不可以。I don't know whether(if)she is at home.Whether she comes or not makes no difference.2.that和what引导名词性从句的区别: that在从句中不充当成分,而what在从句中充当一定的成分, 如主语、表语、宾语等。that可省略, what则不可省。He always means what he says.She suggested(that)he do it at once.3.同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导, 常跟在下列名词后面, 如fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等, that不可省。同位语从句一般用来解释说明这些名词的具体含义和内容。

二、定语从句

引导定语从句的关联词包括:(1)关系代词:that, which, whose, who, whom, as;(2)关系副词:when, where, why。

关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成分, 关系代词在句中充当动词的宾语时, 一般可省去。

定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句, 限定性定语从句与主句关系紧密, 为句中不可缺少的部分, 如去掉, 主句意思不完整。非限定性定语从句与主句关系松散, 如去掉, 主句内容仍完整。在书面语中, 非限定性定语从句一般被逗句隔开。非限定性定语从句一般不用that引导。引导非限定性定语从句的关系词不可省略。I know that he is a man who(that)means what be says.The gentleman whom(that)she met addressed her with courtesy(礼貌)。

You're the only one whose advice he might listen to.三、状语从句

在复合句中, 起状语作用的从句称作状语从句。根据语义, 状语从句分为:

时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状误从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句。状语从句可放在句首或句末。如状语从句位于主语前,一般用逗号将其与主句隔开。

(一)时间状语从句

When you cross a main road, you must be very careful.Until we learn the facts, we can't do anything about it.[提示] 1.when, as, while引导时间状语从句时都可以表示主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生, 即同时性。它们的区别在于:

when和as引导的状语从句中的动作既可以是延续性的, 也可以是非延续性的, 即瞬时性的;while引导的状语从句中的动作只能是延续的动作或状态。当主句和从句中的动作均为延续动作时, 一般用while, 而不用when或as。当表示两个同时发展、变化的情况时, 一般用as, 作“随着…”解。

When she comes, I shall tell her to wait for you.As she got older, she got wiser.While Peter was reading, his wife was cooking.2.有些副词和一些表示时间的名词词组也可用作从属连词,引导时间状语从句。如instantly, immediately, directly, the day, every time, the minute, the second, the moment等。

(二)条件状语从句

引导条件状语从句的从属连词有: if, unless, as(so)long as, only if(只要)。

If you don't come on time, we'll start out without you.As(so)long as you keep on trying, you'll certainly succeed.Take the raincoat in case it rains.带着雨衣,以防下雨。

(三)原因状语从句

引导原因状语从句从句的从属连词有: becasue, since, as, now(that), in that, considering that等。

Since the speaker can't come, we'll have to cancel the meeting.Considering he's only been learning English a year he speaks it very well.考虑到他只学了一年英语,他讲得算是很流利了。

We didn't know what to do as we were just visiting there.我们不知道该怎么办,因为当时我们仅仅在那里作访问。

Since it is so hot, let's go swimming.既然天气这么热,我们去游泳吧。

[提示] in that和now(that)的用法: in that引导的从句对主句进行解释和说明,意思是: 在…方面, 在于…;因为。now(that)表示既然。

Theory is valuable in that it can provide a direction for practice.理论所以有价值,就在于它能给实践指出方向。

Now(that)the weather has improved, let's go out for a picnic.既然天气已转好, 我们就出去野餐吧。(四)让步状语从句

引导让步状语从句的从属连词有: though, although, even if(even though), as，no matter…despite the fact that, in spite of the fact that, while。

Tired as he was, he sat up late.他虽然疲倦,可仍然很晚才睡。

No matter how they slander us, we will never give in.不管他们怎样诽谤我们,我们决不让步。

While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape.虽然我喜欢这顶帽子的颜色,但我不喜欢它的形状。

[提示] 一些疑问词在词尾加上ever后, 也可引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter+疑问词。这些词包括: whatever, wherever, whenever, whoever, however。

Whatever he says, don't beleve him.Whoever you are, you must obey the traffic regulations.(五)目的状语从句

引导目的状语从句的从属连词有: so that, in order that, lest, in case, for fear that。

We dare not play jokes on him lest he should become angry.我们不敢开他玩笑生怕他动气。

[提示] so that和in order that的区别: so that更常用, in order that更正式。so that引导的从句一般置于句末,而in order that引导的从句既可置于句首, 又可置于句末。

In order that the grass and flowers could bloom again,it was necessary that the rocks should be removed.She got up early so that she could catch the first bus.(六)结果状语从句

结果状语从句一般由下列连词引导: so that, so…that, such…that。

He overslept,(so)that he was late for work.They got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away.[提示] 1.so…that和such…that的区别。so后接形容词或副词, such后接名词。

It was so cold that we had to cancel the game.It's such a good chance that we mustn't miss it.2.so that既可引导目的状语从句, 也可引导结果状语从句。so that引导目的状语从句时, 一般从句动词前会出现 can(could),may(might),shall(should),而so that引导的结果状语从句表示客观事实, 不会出现上述词语。

引导结果状语从句的so that前常有逗号, 表示强调。so that引导的目的状语可置于句首,而so that引导的结果状语从句只能置于句末。

He left early so that he could catch the train.他早早动身, 以便能赶上车。(目的)He left early, so that he caught the train.他早早动身, 赶上了火车。(结果)

(七)方式状语从句

引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as, as if(though), the way, how。

He made some changes as you had suggested.She was behaving as if(though)she hadn't grown up.例句：

主语从句用作主语，如：：

That the earth is round is true． 地球为圆的是真实的。

宾语从句用作宾语。如：Do you know where he lives?

表语从句用作表语，如：

My opinion is that you should not go alone． 我的意见是你不应单独前往。

同位语从句用于解释说明前面的名词。如：

The fact that the earth is round is true． 地球是圆的的事实是真实的。（that从句用于解释说明the fact）

定语从句相当于一个形容词，用于修饰前面的名词。如：

The student who answered the question was John． 回答问题的学生是John．

状语从句相当于一个副词，如：

When it rains，I usually go to school by bus． 天下雨时，我通常坐公共汽车上学。（时间状语）

If he comes tomorrow，you will see him． 如果他明天来，你就可以看见他。（if 引导的条件状语从句，其结构为：if ＋状语从句，＋主句）。即主句是将来时，则从句要用一般现在时表示将来。

He returned home to learn his daughter had just been engaged．他回家后得知女儿刚刚订婚了。（结果状语，结果状语只是仅限于learn（得知），find（发现），see，hear，to be told（被告知），make（使得）等具有界限含义的动词。）

You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all． 你必须大声说话，才能让所有人听到你说话。（目的状语，可以由that，so that，in order that，lest，for fear that，in case等词引导。）

Since /As the weather is so bad，we have to delay our journey． 天气那么糟，旅行推迟了。（原因状语从句，常用 because，since，as，for fear（恐怕），seeing that（既然），now that（＝since），considering that（考虑到）等引导。）

Though/Though he was worn out，（still）he kept on working． 虽然他已经精疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作。（让步状语从句，引导的连词主要有以下这些：though，although，as； even if，even though； whether…or…； no matter＋疑问词，疑问词－ever．）

Where I live there are plenty of trees． 我住的地方树很多。（地点状语从句，通常由where，wherever 引导。）

As water is to fish，so air is to man． 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。（方式状语从句通常由as，（just）as…so…，as if，as though引导。）

第二篇：2013年高考英语定语从句分类

2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题

分类汇编之定语从句

[2013·上海卷]38.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ______ interact with one

another.A.that

38.答案：A

解析：题干的意思是：“生态系统是由一个区域里相互作用的生物和非生物构成的”。分析句子结构，______ interact with one another是定语从句，先行词是the living and nonliving things，通过还原法可知，先行词在从句中作主语，不是人，所以用that。务必记住：what不可引导定语从句。

[2013·浙江卷]13The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.what B.where C.when D.whyB.where C.who D.what

13.B。考查定语从句。where引导的定语从句修饰platform，where再从句中充当地点状语。解题思路：1.确定从句类型，主句主干完整，可判断出是定语从句而非名词性从句；2.查找先行词；3.判断从句主干是否完整，确定关系代词或关系副词在从句中充当什么成分。【句意】这家博物馆将在春天开放，有一个展览和一个观看平台，在这个平台上参观者可以看到正在建造一个大玻璃屋。

[2013·重庆卷] 24John invited about 40 people tohis wedding, most of________are family members.A．themB．that

C．whichD．whom

24.D。本题考查定语从句。逗号之后是一个非限定性定语从句，关系词that只能引导限定性定语从句，排除；先行词是people，which 只能指物，排除选项C；如果用them，则逗号之后应该加上一个连词and，排除。【拓展】英语中两个句子之间是必须要有一个连词的，简单说，如果在一个逗号的前面和后面的句子之中没有连词的话，那这个句子就是错误的。

【句意】约翰邀请了四十个人参加他的婚礼，其中大部分是家庭成员。

[2013·陕西卷]16A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As

16.B。本题考查定语从句。as在此句中引导非限定性定语从句，放在句首，同时在从句中作主语，为正确答案；如果用it或者that，那么整个句子中缺少一个连词，排除选项A和B； 如果用what，逗号前面应该是一个主语从句，主语从句之后应该是谓语动词，而不是逗号之后再来一个句子，排除。

【句意】等医生到的时候，Amy好多了，孩子都这样。

[2013·四川卷]9 Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment________ they live.A.whatB.which

C.whenD.where

9.D。本题考查定语从句。the environment是先行词，在定语从句中做地点状语，“他们生活在这个环境中”，故用关系代词where。

【拓展】关系词的选择，最关键的就是看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分，而不是看先行词是表示什么的单词，如表示地点的先行词之后未必用where，同样表示时间的先行词之后未必用when。【句意】现在人们更加关心他们所生活的环境。

[2013·山东卷]35 Finally he reached a lonely island ________was completely cut off from the outside world.A.whenB.where

C.whichD.whom

35.C。本题考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词为island，而先行词在从句中所做的成分是主语，所以用关系代词that或which；when和where引导定语从句时用做状语；而whom引导定语从句时做宾语。【句意】最终他们到达了一个完全与外界隔绝的荒岛上。

[2013·山东卷] 31There is no simple answer,________is often the case in science.A.asB.that

C.whenD.where

31.A。本题考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。That是不可以引导非限制性定语从的；而when和where引导定语从句时不做主语。【句意】没有简单的答案，正如科学界的许多情况一样。

[2013·辽宁卷] 34 He may win the competition,________he is likely to get into the national team.A．in which caseB．in that case

C．in what caseD．in whose case

34.A。本题考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构，He may win the competition为主句，剩下的只可以为从句，故先排除B。本题中，in which case引导非限制性定语从句，相当于and in that case。所以选A。

【拓展】考生务必牢记：what不可引导定语从句。

[2013·江西卷] 33He wrote a letter ________ he explained what had happened in the accident.A.whatB.which

C.whereD.how

33.C．考查定语从句。解题关键是判断定语从句关联词的选择方法，即：根据先行词在定语从句中做的成分来判断。本题中先行词letter在从句中做地点状语，因此，正确答案为C。

【句意】他写了一封信，在信中他解释了事故中发生的一切。

【拓展】what与how都不可以引导定语从句。

[2013·江苏] 32 The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A．whereB．which

C．whatD．when

33.C。本题考查固定短语在语境中的使用。A.take a share分担……，为……出力 B.take a chance冒险 C.take a turn转弯，转；（情况、形势等）转变 D.take a lead领先，带头。根据本句，for the better的提示，可见是讲转变，变得更好，所以选C。

【句意】有了源于其他食品文化的灵感，美国饮食文化可以变得更好。

[2013·湖南卷] 21 Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whom

C.whatB.whoD.which

21.B。考查定语从句。who指代先行词those（那些人），在从句中做主语，whom不能做主语，which指物，what不能引导定语从句，故选择B。解题技巧：找主干，析从句。1.找主干：因为主句完整，Happiness and success often come to those.不难看出本题考查定语从句，排除what。2.析从句:____are good at recognizing their own strengths,缺主语，先排除whom，先行词those（那些人），排除which，故选择who。

【句意】幸福和成功总青睐能善于意识到自己长处的人们。

[2013·福建卷]27 The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ________ lives were affected.A.whoseB.that

C.whoD.which

27.A。本题考查定语从句。____ lives were affected.是定语从句，修饰those，从句的主语是____ lives，缺修饰语，所以选whose。

【句意】这本书从经历过地震的人的角度来讲述地震的故事。

[2013·北京卷] 27Many countries are now setting up national parks________animals and plants can be protected.A.whenB.which

C.whoseD.where

27.D。本题考查定语从句的连词。空处之后是一个定语从句，先行词是park，在定语从句中作地点状语，“in the park”，故应该选用关系副词where。

【句意】许多国家都在建立国家公园，可以保护很多动植物。

【小窍门】定语从句中关系词的选择取决于在定语从句中的句法作用，要看它做什么成分，而不是表示什么，如表示时间，地点等的先行词，在定语从句中未必就是做时间或者地点状语，如果是做主语，宾语，表语，那就不能用关系副词when，where，而应该根据具体情况，选用关系代词。

[2013·安徽卷] 29 Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012,________made one of the Chinese people's long－held dreams come true.A．itB．that

C．whatD．which

29.D。本题考查定语从句的关系词。首先根据句意确定逗号之后是一个非限定性定语从句，锁定正确答案是which；that 不能引导非限定性定语从句，排除；what不能引导定语从句，排除；如果用it，根据句子结构，它的前面缺少一个连词，排除。

【句意】莫言被授予2012年诺贝尔文学奖，使得中国人长久以来的一个梦想成真了。

[2013·天津卷]6 We have launched another man－made satellite，________ is announced in today's newspaper.A.thatB.which

C．whoD．what

6.B。本题考查非限制性定语从句。本句中which指代的就是前面整句话的内容，即我们又发射了一颗人造卫星这件事，可翻译成“这一点”。

【句意】我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这一事件在今天的新闻中得到了报道。

[2013·课标全国卷Ⅱ] 4When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house________I wouldbe staying.A.whatB.when

C.whereD.which

4.C。本题考查定语从句的连词。空处之后是一个定语从句，解题关键就是看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分。这个句子中，先行词是house，在定语从句中，做地点状语，即：I would be staying in the house，所以要用关系副词where。

【句意】当我到达的时候，布莱恩带我去看房子，我将住在那个房子里。

【小窍门】定语从句关系词的选择，关键要看关系词在定语从句中的句法作用，而不是看它是关于什么的名词，例如，如果先行词是表示时间地点的名词，具体用哪个关系词，要看它在从句中是做状语还是做主语宾语表语，如果是做时间或者地点状语，那就用关系副词when或者where；如果是做主语宾语表语，那就要根据具体情况选用关系代词。

[2013浙江]5.The children, ______ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of whatB.all of whichC.all of themD.all of whom

5.D。考查 定语从句。非限制性定语从句，介词of后用whom指代着前面的children。解题思路：1.数谓语，句子中有两个谓语，需要连词，排除C；2.确定从句类型，主句主干完整，可判断出是定语从句而非名词性从句，排除A；3.先行词是人，排除B，选择D。

【句意】孩子们，玩了一整天，都筋疲力尽了。

第三篇：表语从句练习与解析

表语从句练习题

第一组：

1.---I drive to Zhuhai for the air show last week.---Is that __you had a few days off?(NMET1999)

A.why

B.when

C.what

D where

分析：选A Why引导的表语从句中，why做原因状语。

2.The question is ____it is worth visiting.A.if

B.as if

C.whether

D.how

分析：选C whether引导表语从句

3.This is _____it happened.A.what

B.when

C.that

D.how

分析：选D how引导表语从句，说明事情的发生经过。

4.This is ____ the city lies.A.which

B.what

C.where

D.when

分析：选C where引导表语从句，表示城市所处的位置。

5.He was ill.That is ____he didn’t come yesterday.A.when

B.why

C.how

D.that

分析：B because引导表语从句，表示原因。

6.That was ___ I was thirteen I entered the No.1 Middle School.A.because

B.why

C.how

D when

分析：选A because引导表语从句，表原因。

第二组：

1.The problem is ____we can master modern science and technology in a short time.A.if

B.that

C.what

D.how

2.–--Doesn’t Mr.Smith live on this street?

---No.This is ____Mr.Brown lives.A.which

B.where

C.how

D.that

3.The reason why he has been such a success is ____he never gives up.A.what B.where C.how D.that

4.----What is that building?

---___the garden equipment is stored

A.that’s where

B.There is in which

C.the building is

D.That’s the building which

5.Our village is no longer ____over twenty years ago.A.what was it B.what it was

C.the village what was D.what was the village

6.___you are the first one here.A.it seems that as if

B.it seems as if that

C.it seems as if

D.It seems that as though

7.My hope is ___he will become a doctor in the future.A.if

B.whether

C.that

D.what

8.It was ___they were used as an advertisement for the shop.A.because

B.which

C.what

D.if

1-5 DBBAB 6-8 CCA 第三组：

［考题1］ The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.(2007上海)

A.when

B.why

C.whether

D.that

［答案］ D

［解析］ 下划线处之后是包含一个原因状语从句的表语从句，如果看不出它是充当整个句子结构的表语从句将难以把握整个句子的意思。因此，应选择可引导名词性从句且不充当任何成分的that。

［考题2］ You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree.(2004)

A.why

B.where

C.what

D.how

［答案］ B

［解析］下划线处的引导词引导系动词is后的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当地点状语(“disagree”属于不及物动词，“I disagree”本身是完整的主谓结构)，下划线应填入引导词where，表语从句“where I disagree”的意思是“我不同意之处、我不同意的地方”。

［考题3］ — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.— Is that ____ you had a few days off?(1999)

A.why

B.when

C.what

D.where

［答案］ A

［解析］下划线处的引导词引导与系动词is连用的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当原因状语，下划线应填入表示“因此„„”(指因某种原因所造成的结果)的引导词why。

［考题4］ ____ she couldn’t understand was ____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.(2000上海)

A.What;why

B.That;what

C.What;because

D.Why;that

［答案］ A

［解析］ 第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当宾语，特指她所不理解的事情，应填入关系代词型的引导词what；第二个下划线处表示“因此„„”(指因某种原因所造成的后果，由why引导对应的名词性从句)而不是“为什么„„”(指原因、理由，由because引导对应的名词性从句)，应填入引导词why。

［考题5］ ____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.(2003上海春)

A.What;because

B.What;that

C.That;what

D.That;because

［答案］ B

［解析］ 第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当主语，特指令校方骄傲的事情，应选用关系代词型的引导词what； 第二个下划线处引导表语从句表示原因、理由，应由that引导对应的名词性从句。

［考题6］ — Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?

— Oh, that’s ____.(2003北京春)

A.what makes me feel excited

B.whatever I feel excited about

C.how I feel about it

D.when I feel excited

［答案］ A

［解析］ A选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的事物”； B选项的意思是“我觉得激动的任何事物”； C选项的意思是“我对它感觉的方式”； D选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的时间”。四个选项中A最适合跟代表“game”的主语that对应，充当表语从句。

第四篇：2013年高考英语试题分类解析_定语从句

高考题目之定语从句

1.【2013陕西】16.______ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如孩子们常有的情况一样，医生到的时候Amy就好多了。as引导的非限制性的定语从句位于主句之前，指代整个主句内容。

2.【2013重庆24】John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of_______ are family members.A themB.thatC.whichD.whom

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。定语先行词为40 people，在从句中做介词of的宾语，用whom引导。注意：介词之后不能用that，应予以排除；which指先行词为物；them为人称代词，应用于并列句中。句意：约翰邀请约40人参加他的婚礼,其中大多数是家庭成员。

3.【2013辽宁34】He may win the competition, _____ he is likely to get into the national team.A.in which caseB.in that caseC.in what caseD.in whose case

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句句。意为：他可能赢得这场比赛，如果这样的话，就可能进入国家队。两分句间无连词，故排除B项（不能用作连词，in this/ that case用于并列句中）。空格处which指代前面主句，in which case引导定语从句用语替代并列句中的in this/ that case。

4.【2013福建27】 The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _______ lives were affected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which

【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。从句中those为先行词，定语从句中缺少lives的定语，用whose。句意：这本书从那些生活因地震受到影响的人们角度讲述地震故事。

5.【2013湖南21】Happiness and success often come to those _______ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为those，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who。句意：幸福和成功总是垂青那些擅长认识自己的优点的人。

【语言学习】strengths长处，强项

You should know what your strengths and weaknesses are.你应该知道你的强项和弱点是什么。

6.【2013浙江13】The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform _______ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句先行词platform指地点，它在从句中起状语的作用，用关系副词where引导定语从句。句意：该博物馆将在春天开放，同时开放的还有展览厅和观景

平台,游客可观看建造中的大温室。

7.【2013浙江5】The children, _______ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of whatB.all of whichC.all of themD.all of whom

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为children，它在从句中做介词of的宾语关关系代词whom引导定语从句。句意：孩子们,玩一整天,筋疲力尽。

8.【2013江西33】He wrote a letter _______ he explains what had happened in the accident.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句中谓语explain后接what引导的宾语从句作宾语，因此不缺少主干成分；先行词letter在从句中起状语的作用，意为“在信中”，也属于一个地点，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。句意：他写了一封信，信中解释了事故中发生的事。

9.【2013江苏32】The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, _______ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是passion, 从句中remember后缺少成分，所以选关系代词that引导定语从句。句意：世界银行主席讲他记得早在他童年就开始热爱中国了。

【语言学习】have a passion for对……有强烈的爱好

I have been playing the piano for over a decade and have a passion for music.十多年来，我一直坚持弹钢琴，并且对音乐充满了热情。

10.【2013新课标I卷33】“You can’t judge a book by its cover,” _______.A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old saying

C.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如谚语所说，不能以貌观人。as引导的非限制性的定语从句，意为：正如……，它的位置十分灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末。

11.【2013新课标II卷4】When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house_______ I would be staying.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句中stay为不及物动词，先行词为house，在从句中起状语的作用，用关系副词where引导定语从句。句意：我到达时,布赖恩带我去看将住的房子。

12.【2013安徽29】 Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, _______ made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.A.itB.thatC.whatD.which

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句内容。句意：2012年莫言获诺贝尔奖，中国人民长期以来的梦想变成现实。

【语言学习】现在分词做结果状语

该句可换为：Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, making made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.13.【2013天津6】We have launched another man-made satellite, _______ is announced in today’s newspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面主句的整个内容。句意：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这是在今天的报纸上宣布的。

【语言学习】launch

1.发射(卫星、导弹等)；投掷

In 1970, China successfully launched a man-made satellite.1970年，中国成功地发射了一颗人造卫星。

2.使(船)下水

to launch a cargo ship from the shipyard使货轮从船坞下水

3.发动，发起

They launched a violent attack on the enemy at dawn.他们在拂晓时向敌人发动猛攻。

4.开展(活动、计划等)；开始出版；首创，首映

The municipal government will launch an extensive public works program next year.市政府将于明年开始一项大规模的市政工程计划。

14.【2013山东31】There is no simple answer, _______ is often the case in science.A.asB.thatC.whenD.where

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。as引导非限制性的定语从句，位置很灵活，可放在句中、句首、句末，指代整个主句内容，含有“正如”之意。句意：在科学界没有简单的答案，这是很经常的事情。

15.【2013山东35】Finally he reached a lonely island _______ was completely cut off from the outside world.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom

【答案】C解析

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：最后他到达一个完全与世隔绝的孤岛。定语从句中缺少主语肯先行词island指物，所以用关系代词which引导定语从名句。

【语言学习】cut off

1.切掉，砍掉，剪掉

He cut off a small piece of bread and gave it to me.他切下一小片面包递给了我。

2.中断通话，打断

The telephone operator cut us off before we had finished our conversation.我们的话还没说完，电话接线员就中断了我们的通话。

3.切断水电

Our water supply has been cut off again.我们的供水又被切断。

4.使分离，使隔绝

The village was cut off by the snow for more than a month.这个村庄被大雪封闭了一个多月。

16.【2013四川9】Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _______ they live.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：目前人们更加关心他们所居住的环境。定语从句中先行词为the environment，它在从句中起状语的作用，以用关系副词where引导定语从句。

【语言学习】关系副词where引导定语从句时，它的先行词有时不表示一个明确的地方，可以是诸如business, point, situation, activity, talk show, job之类的词。

Invention is a messy business where efficiency doesn't work.发明是一件棘手的事情，在这一情形中，效率不起作用。

think you have come to the point where you must make a change.我认为你达到了这样的阶段：你必须做出改变。

More often than not the teacher is confronted with a difficult situation where students fail to understand a sentence that contains no new words at all.阅读教学中教师经常发现，学生理解了句子中所有的词却不明白句子的意思。

Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.那些失聪的舞蹈演员们，舞蹈是让人看胜过让人听的活动。

Typical for China is the cross talk show, where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play.在中国，典型的喜剧形式是相声表演。两个喜剧演员通过诙谐的语言游戏使观众愉悦。

I've cherished a desire to get a job where I can use my English.我一直希望，能得到一份能使用英语的工作。

17.【2013上海38】 An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _______ interact with one another.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.what

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：生态系统是由一个区域里相互作用的生物和非生物构成的。定语从句中先行词是the living and nonliving things，先行词在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。注意：what不可引导定语从句。

【语言学习】consist of组成；interact with相互作用

Carbon dioxide consists of carbon and oxygen.二氧化碳是由碳和氧组成的。

The resource allows me to learn, contribute and even interact with an instructor.这里的资源让我可以学习、贡献，设置是与教员互动。

18.【2013北京27】Many countries are now setting up national parks _______ animals and plants can be protected.A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.where

【答案】D 【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句中先行词为national parks，它在从句中起状语的作用，用关系副词where引导定语从句。句意：目前许多国家建立国家公园 以保护动植物。

第五篇：状语及状语从句解析

状语(adverbial)是句子的重要修饰成分。状语是谓语里的另一个附加成分，它附加在谓语中心语的前面，从情况、时间、处所、方式、条件、对象、肯定、否定、范围和程度等方面对谓语中心进行修饰或限制。在英语中，状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分。

状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。

状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。

副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。1.副词一般在句子中做状语．

He speaks English very well.他英语说得非常好.中的very是程度副词，用来修饰well。very well是修饰speak的程度状语。

2.不定式在句子中可以作目的状语。I come specially to see you.我专门来看你.3.介词短语

Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian.十年前,她开始住在大连。

The boy was praised for his bravery.4.从句作状语

When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian.If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.5.分词作状语

Having had a quarrel with his wife, he left home in a bad temper。

Inhibited in one direction, it now seems that the Mississippi is about to take another.状语简介

概述

状语与定语相同的地方是,都是前者附加成分;不同的地方是,它是谓语里的附加成分,而定语是主语或宾语里的附加成分.从句子的层次上看,状语是在第二个层次和第三个层次里的成分,有时甚至是更低层次的成分.状语的构成

状语的构成经常充当状语的有形容词,副词,时间处所名词,能愿动词,指示代词,以及方位短语,介词短语,动宾短语,谓词性联合短语,谓词性偏正短语,谓词性主谓短语等.含有动量词的数量短语以及重叠式的数量短语(不论动量,物量)也可以充当状语.此外,少数名词带上表比况的助词也可以作状语.状语的书面标志——“地”

状语的书面标志是结构助词“地”.状语后面带或者是不带“地”,情况比较复杂.一般讲来,数量短语,主谓短语,动宾短语等作状语时,大都带“地”;而介词短语,方位短语,能愿动词,时间处所名词作状语时不能带“地”,副词,单音节形容词作状语一般也不带“地”.多层状语

如果一个中心语前面有好几个状语(多层状语),那就应当注意它们的语序.多层状语的状语个数一般比多层定语的定语个数要少些,其语序也比多层定语的语序要灵活一些.多层状语的一般语序: a.表时间的名词或方位短语,介词短语;b.副词.c.表处所的介词短语或名词,方位短语;d.表情态的形容词或谓词短语;e.表对象的介词短语.其中副词的位置较为灵活,也可放置在第三项之后.一般状语和句首状语

状语在句子中有两种位置:一种是在主语之后,谓语中心之前,如上文所举各例,这是状语的一般位置;另一种是放在主语的前面的,这是状语的特殊位置,这种状语可称“句首状语”.状语的分类

状语按其修饰的功能不同可分为八大类：

时间状语，地点状语，条件状语，原因状语，目的状语，结果状语，让步状语和比较状语

时间状语从句

要点: 时间状语从句，由以下连词引导： when，while，as，after，before，as soon as，since，till /until by the time 在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。

1.when当.....的时候

Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.2.while当.....时

He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.3.as在.....的同时；一边....一边.....He smiled as he stood up.4.after在....之后

He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day.5.before 在......之前

Mr.Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.6.as soon as 一.....就（scarcely/hardly...when,no sooner than,the minute/moment,on/upon,directly等等）

We began to work as soon as we got there.I will write to you as soon as I get home.7.since 自......以来到现在

表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。

Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago.(还可以用作介词，本句从句还可以用短语：since three years ago(自三年前以来)表示。)8 till /until 都可以作连词，连接时间状语，也可以作介词，与其它词构成介词短语，在句中作状语。They walked till /until it was dark.Xiao Ming didn’t leave home till / until his father came back.9.by the time 到......为止(所在句子的主句应用现在或过去完成时)By the time he gets there , his father has already gone.By the time I got to school, the class had already began.一.由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句。例如：

When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.当你以为自己一无所知的时候，你就是在开始知道一些事物了。

When truth is buried under the ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out , it blows up everything with it.当真理被埋在地下的时候，它在生长，它感到压抑，它蓄存着这么一种爆炸性力量，一旦冒出，它就会炸破一切！

Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。

Will you watch my clothes while I have a swim.我游泳的时候，请你照看一下我的衣服。

You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it.当你的手在空气中挥动的时候，你就能感觉到空气在流动。

Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.我们的校长边谈边笑。a.when, while和as的区别

when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且when有时表示“就在那时”。When she came in, I was eating.(瞬时动词)When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.（延续性的动词）

While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。例如： While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.(was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生)I like playing football while you like playing basketball.（对比）

b, As表示“一边„„一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。例如：We always sing as we walk.（as表示“一边„„一边”）As we was going out, it began to snow.（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）

c, as when while的辨析

as when while都表示主、从句动作同时发生，三者差异如下： 表示“一边。。一边“的意思

as 强调两个动作同时进行，并表示对比时 用于发生时间较段时 d when

1、还可以表示从句动词的动作在主几句动词的动作”之前 “或”之后“发生。

2、when=and then;at that moment(正在那个时候)3.常用于常见搭配中 e while

1、用于时间较长时

2、强调两个动作同时进行，并表示对比时 有时这三个连词可以互换，有时不可以。

lt was raining hard when(as)I got there.(动作同时发生，when可换为as, 但不能换为while，因为get是点动词.)When I had read the article, he called me.(从句动作发生在主句之前，注意时态表达，只能用when)When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.(从句的动作发生在主句之后，只能用when,并要注意时态)He was about to leave, when the telephone rang.(此时不能放在句首。主句动词一般表达 “正在” “即将”.while, as不能代替

She thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.(表转折，对比，when, as都不能代替它)While the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police.(表示主句，从句的动作同时发生，while后引导的状语从句的动词必须是延续动词不能是点动词，因为它表示较长时间)Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as(when/ while)father was away.(此时as ,when, while可通用)二.由before和after引导的时间状语从句。

注意before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。例如：

It will be four days before they come back.Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.They had not been married four months before they were divorced.After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.After we had finished the work, we went home.（从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时）

三.由till或until引导的时间状语从句。

till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。并且要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。例如：

I didn't go to bed until（till）my father came back.直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.直到散会之后他才开始教我英语。

I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。I didn't work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作。Please wait until I arrived.在我到达之前请等我。四.由since引导的时间状语从句。

since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is +时间+since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。例如：

I have been in Beijing since you left.Where have you been since I last saw you?

It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我们老板离开北京有五个月了。五 知识扩展

1.It is since从。。以来多长时间了(因为since +从句或名词，表示一段时间)It is five years since we met last time.从我们上次见面已经五年了。2.It is +before„(。。才)It was a long time before I went to sleep again.It was an hour before(=until)the police arrived.3.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引导的时间状语从句。这些连词都表示“一„„就”。例如：

I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.我一听到消息，马上赶到了出事地点。

As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。【注意】hardly(scarcely, rarely)„when / before, no sooner„than相当于as soon as之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。例如：

He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.他刚到家，就被邀请开始另一旅程。

No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.太阳刚从地平线上升起，他就起床劳动去了。

Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我刚坐下，他就进来了。

He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder.这个阿拉伯人刚要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触。

六.由by the time引导的时间状语从句。

注意时态的变化：在一般情况下，如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果从句的谓语动词用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。例如： By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时，我已经写完这本书了。

By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work.你明天来这儿的时候，我将已经完成此工作了。

七 由each time, every time和whenever引导的时间状语从句。例如：

Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me.他每次来哈尔滨，总是来看我。Whenever that man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a lie.每当那个人说“说实在话”的时候，我猜想他就要说谎了。

You grow younger every time I see you.每次遇到你，见你更年轻了。

八.由as long as和so long as引导的时间状语从句。这两个连词表示“有多久„„就多久”。例如：

You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark.你可以随意到哪里去，只要在天黑以前回来就行。

I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body!只要我一息尚存，我就要反对这种境况。

地点状语从句

一 地点状语从句(adverbial clause of place)地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导，已经形成了固定的句型，要点: 由连词where和复合关系词wherever(=no matter where)引导.例如：

句型1：Where+地点从句，（there）+主句。

【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里„„哪里就„„”；主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。例如：

Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的，或根本不可能的。

They were good persons.Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.他们都是好人。因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎。

You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中国共产党，哪里人民得解放。

句型2：Anywhere/ wherever+地点从句，+主句。

【注意】anywhere本身是个副词，但是，常可以引导从句，相当于连词，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。例如：

Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海员。二 知识扩展

1.Where there is a will , there is a way.有志者事竟成。(谚语)1.It will be mixed school where not all the children are disabled.他将是一所混合式学校，那里的儿童并不都是残疾。(在限定性定语从句中对先行词起着限定作用。)2.Wherever you go , I go too.无论你到什么地方，我都去。(wherever=no matter where)无论何处，多用于句首。3.Wherever there is smoke , there is fire.无风不起浪。(谚语)4.While she was wondering where to go , she met a policeman.疑问副词where后跟不定式,构成不定式短语.条件状语从句

要点： 表示状语从句由连词if, unless(=if not)意思为除非引导。(让步)1.If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.如果明天不下雨, 我们就去远足.2.You will get good grades if you study hard.如果你努力学习,就会取得好成绩.3.I won't/ will not go to the party unless he goes there too.我不会去参加聚会的, 除非他也去.(如果他不去,我也不去.)4.You will be late unless you leave immediately.如果你不马上走,你将会迟到的.(=If you don’t leave immediately, you will be late.)难点提示：用条件状语从句时要注意时态的正确使用,当主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时.lHe will not leave if it isn’t fine tomorrow.一般将来时，一般现在时

lThey are going to have a picnic if it doesn’t rain next week.一般将来时, 一般现在时 原因状语从句

要点: 由连词because, since, as引导, 也可由for, now that 等词引导 目的、结果状语从句

要点： 目的状语从句由连词that, so that, so„that , in order that 引导。结果状语从句由连词(so)that, so„that, such„that, so much/many„that引导。1.so„that 如此„以至于 2.so that 以至于, 以便于

I opened the window so that fresh air might come in.(目的)我把窗户打开以便于使新鲜空气可以进来。3.such„that 如此。。以至

It’s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park.天气是如此的好，我们大家都想去公园玩。4.in order that=so that:为了

We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make your arrangements.不久我们将会让你知道详情,以便你们能够做出安排。(目的)5.比较：so和 such 其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。

so foolish such a fool so nice a flower such a nice flower so many / few flowers such nice flowers so much / little money.such rapid progress so many people such a lot of people（so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。）

so„that与such„that之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school 难点

+形容词或副词 +形+a(an)+单数可数名词

so +many 或few+复数可数名词 +that +much或 little+不可数名词

so that ,such„that 都可以in order that两者皆可引导目的地状语从句和结果状语从句，当他们引导目的状语从句时，从句的谓语里常常有can, could, may, might, will, would等次。

so +adj或adv.+ that，such +n.+ that 以上两种句型都表示结果,其中so为副词,后接形容词，副词原型，当可数名词前有many, few；不可数名词前有much, little修饰时，应采用句型：so many(few, much, little)+n.。such为形容词, 后只能接名词。这名词既可以地可数的，也可以是不可数的。如果这名词是可数的,则必须在名词前加不定冠词a(an).常见的形式是:such a(beautiful)garden, such(nice)people.1。I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all over.2。there are so few notebooks that I can’t give you any.3。It is such nice weather that I’d like to take a walk.4。Mike is so honest a man that we all believe him.(=Mike is such an honest man that we all believe him.)5。The weather is so nice that I’d like to take a walk.让步状语从句

要点: 表示让步的状语从句由连词 though, although引导.难点：

though, although当虽然讲, 都不能和but连用.Although,(though)„but的格式是不对的.但是他们都可以同yet(still)连用.所以thought(although)„yet(still)的格式是正确的.Wrong: Although he is rich but he is not happy.Right : Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.虽然他很富有, 然而他并不快乐.although, though 辨析

although 不能though 那样用作副词, 放在句末表示强调时要用even though.1。He is looking fit, though.2。Even though I did not understand a word, I kept smiling.3。He is quite experienced, he is young, though.2)as, though 引导的倒装句

as / though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。

Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.【注意】a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。

b.句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.= Though he tries hard, he never seems„ 虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。c ever if, even though.即使

We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad.d whether„or-不管„„都

Whether you believe it or not, it is true.e ”no matter +疑问词“ 或”疑问词+后缀ever“ No matter what happened, he would not mind.Whatever happened, he would not mind.替换：no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however 注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。（错）No matter what you say is of no use now.（对）Whatever you say is of no use now.你现在说什么也没用了。(Whatever you say是主语从句)（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they’re given,（对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they’re given.囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。比较状语从句

要点：比较状语从句主要运用于形容词和副词的原级，比较级及最高级的句子之中。原级

1.as„as 和。。一样 Jack is as tall as Bob.捷克和汤姆一样高。2.not so(as)„as „和不一样

She is not so(as)outgoing as her sister.她不如她姐姐外向。比较级

more„than(更)This book is more instructive than that one.这本书比那本书由教育意义。最高级

1.The most„in/of This book is the most interesting of the three.这本书是三本中最有趣的。2.the + 形容词+est„of/in This road is the busiest street in our city.知识扩展

no more than只不过(嫌少的意思)1。I have no more than two pens.2。It’s no more than a mile to the shops.not more than不如。。；(前者不如后者)1。Jack is not more diligent than John.2。one of the + 名词(复数)„.之一(用于最高级)She is one of the best students in our school.方式状语从句

1）方式状语从句通常由as,(just)as„so„, as if, as though引导。

as,(just)as„so„引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as„so„结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是”正如„“，”就像“，多用于正式文体，例如：

1。Always do to the others as you would be done by.2。As water is to fish, so air is to man.3。Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.2）as if, as though 两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作”仿佛„„似的“，”好像„„似的"，例如：

1。They completely ignore these facts as if(as though)they never existed.2。He looks as if(as though)he had been hit by lighting.3。It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.[说明]as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，例如： 1。He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.2。He cleared his throat as if to say something.3。The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.