第一篇：2010商务英语BEC中级写作实例解析
2010商务英语BEC中级写作实例解析
随着中国人学习英语风潮的持续升温，拥有日常英语交流能力已经变得不足为奇，未来在就业市场上走俏的将是职业英语，即能够用英语交流工作中的问题，比如和外国同事讨论公司的市场营销策略或者代表公司和外国公司接洽等。但是目前绝大多数学生和职场新人对于商业英语非常陌生。笔者认为，备考剑桥商务英语证书(Business English Certificate，简称BEC)是有志跻身于商业职场的人士熟悉商业场景、学习商业英语的最佳方法。
BEC考试的显著特点就是把商业实际和英语运用结合起来，分成初、中、高三级(BEC Preliminary, BEC Vantage, BEC Higher)，其中BEC中级最符合广大考生的求职需求。BEC中级考试分成听、说、读、写四项考查，各占总成绩1/4，其中写作部分与听、说、读相比，因其考查形式固定，内容要求有限，因而最易得高分。写作部分包含两个部分：Part One, 备忘录或电子邮件(Memo or Email)，占写作成绩的1/3;Part Two, 商务信件、报告或提议(Letter, Report or Proposal)，占写作成绩的2/3。两部分相比，Part One要求简单，较之Part Two更容易提高，本文以《剑桥BEC真题集(中级)第二辑》的Test Two, Part One为例，详细分析Part One的写作流程，并在最后给出BEC写作的复习资料。样 题
You are the Managing Director of a company whose profits have recently increased and you would like to reward staff for this.Write a memo to all staff:
Thanking them for their contribution
Explaining why profits increased
Telling them what their reward will be.Write 40~50 words
题目解读
BEC中级写作考试总时长 为45分钟，根据词数要求和分值，通常小作文写作不超过15分钟。应试创作可分成以下三步：1.审题构思Read & Plan(3 mins);2.写作Write(10 mins);3.检查Check(2 mins)。
Part One的题目背景通常是一事、两人、三要点。本题中，最近公司利润增长，“你”作为公司的董事总经理(Managing Director)将对全体员工(all staff)进行奖励，备忘录的内容需包括三个要点：感谢员工的贡献，解释利润增长原因，并告之奖励内容。正文词数要求为40～50个词，因为商务英语要求简洁，词数要求有上限，这和四、六级以及考研写作只规定词数下限有所区别，但实际考试时允许少量超标，比如接近60词。
内容、结构、语言和形式
首先可根据各要点的逻辑关系调整写作顺序，比如在本题中，先解释利润增长的原因，再感谢员工，最后宣布奖励。其次应针对要点简要展开论述，比如利润增长的原因可能是销售量增加(the increase of sales)、成本降低(the reduction of cost)或推出新产品(the launch of the new product);而奖励的内容经常是集体旅行(a company trip)、涨工资(an increase of salary)或发放奖金(bonus)。要点扩展应注意两点：其一，商务交流要求具体，比如利润的增长比去年同时段增加10%;其二，扩展内容应符合商务实际，如全体员工工资上浮50%、增加带薪假期(paid leave)、开派对(a party)或唱卡拉
OK(Karaoke)等奖励都是不符合商务实际的。如果确实对商务实务不熟悉，可用简单的理由以避免出错，比如公司业绩增长的原因可以宽泛地写成是员工的努力工作和加班(hard work and long working hours)。
结构
因为文章内容很少，总词数只有50个词左右，写作时应写成一个整体，不应出现每句一段的散文诗文章，而且不要刻意使用first和second之类的过渡词语。
语言
Part One题目中的要点通常以三个现在分词形式给出，写作时通常是三句话，即针对每个现在分词写一句 话，平均句长在15个词左右。备考时应针对题目中常见的分词动词准备相应的表达方式，尽量避免重复使用题目中的词句即可。
解释原因：
连词：because, since, for, so;短语：because of, due to, owing to
表示感谢：
Thank you very much for...;I would like to thank you for...;I am very grateful for...;It was very kind of you to...奖励：
A rise in salary of X%;A bonus of X% of your monthly salary;A trip to
Hawaii/Athens/Maldives
需要注意的是，商务英语要求正式文体，较之非正式文体，其有以下常见特点：
正式 非正式
Headquarters, September(不简写)H.Q.Sept.(缩写)
schedule, discuss(精确动词)set, talk about(宽泛动词或词组)
A copy has been sent.(被动语态)I sent you a copy.(主动语态)
最后需要考虑的就是备忘录的形式。正式考试时，文字题目下方会模拟商务实际，附上备忘录开头片段，包括To, From, Date, Subject等细节，但是考生不必直接在片段后书写，应该在试题纸背面写作，写作时不要求必须有From, To等内容，但若能准确而符合商务习惯地写出备忘录细节，无疑会增加文章的印象分，这里简单介绍一下备忘录细节的注意事项。
To: 备忘录对象
如果具体到人，最好写出全名，不要写自己的真实姓名，有作弊嫌疑，尤其不能“重名”，如Bill Tom，Bill和Tom都是名(Given name)，而不是姓(Family name)，一个简单的处理方法就是use others?name，比如男名Bill Gates, Michael Scofield, Jay Chou或女名
From: 备忘录作者
要点同上，一般不用尊称，只有对方不知道自己身份的时候才后缀职位名称。
Date: 日期
BEC属于英联邦国家的考试，日期的写法一般为日、月、年，比如7 December 2002，注意月份用英文而不是数字，以免和日期混淆，可以缩写，比如将一月写作Jan(也可以用开放标点)。
Britney Spears, Jennifer Aniston等;若显示关系亲密，还可以把名字缩写，比如B.Gates, M.Scofield, J.Chou, B.Spears, J.Aniston等;如果写给上级，还应该加上尊称甚至职位，比如Mr.Bill Gates — Managing Director, Mr.Jay Chou — Art Director等;现代商务写作中流行开放标点(Open Punctuation)，即标点不影响理解的时候可以不用，所以Mr./Ms./Mrs.后面的省略点也可以省去，简单写成Mr/Ms/Mrs;最好不要省去名字。
范文示例
To: All Staff
From: Bill Gates
Date: 7 December 2002
Subject: Staff Reward
The profits of our company this month went up 10% compared with the same period last year, due to your hard work and long working hours.I would like to thank you for your long devoted service.A trip to Hawaii has been arranged next month as a prize.Enjoy!
第二篇：BEC商务英语写作
BEC商务英语写作范文（1）
NOTICE OF OPPOSITION TO ZONING REQUEST
An application has been filed by [name of applicant] for a [variance，exception，special use permit] to permit [purpose for zoning request] at[address]in the City of[city]，County of [county]，State of[state]
The property in question is presently zoned for[zoning]，and the adjacent property is
[zoning]
As property owners in the area，the undersigned do hereby request that the pending application mentioned herein be denied by the [name of commission]on the following grounds：
[grounds for petition]
第三篇：BEC商务英语写作汇总
商务英语(BEC)高级考试范文汇总
（一）1Sample answer:(250words)
Dear Recardo
Further to our conversation of 30 March, I am writing to outline the proposed programme for your visit to our offices(12-15 April).On Thursday morning I will be at the airport to meet your flight and, assuming there are no delays, I will take you straight to your hotel so that you can check in and freshen up.As Mr Wilkins wishes to see you before the meeting, a business lunch has been arranged.We will then travel to the company in time for the meeting, scheduled to run from 14.30 to 18.00.After such a long day I suggest dinner at your hotel.Friday's meeting is due to start at 09.30.A taxi has been arranged to pick you up at the hotel at 08.50.Since the meeting lasts all day, the company will provide a working lunch.After work you will have a chance to return to your hotel before dinner at The Riverside Lodge at 20.00.Your name has been entered for the Golf Tournament(08.30 on Saturday morning).Mr Wilkins will collect you from your hotel at 08.00.After the competition there is a formal dinner with a distinguished speaker at 19.30.I look forward to meeting you on the 12th.In the meantime, please do not hesitate to contact me on 020 755 9800.Yours sincerely
XXXSample answer:(243words)
Introduction
This report sets out to examine how the company should re-invest this years profits.The areas under consideration are the purchase of new computers, the provision of language training courses and the payment of special bonuses.Areas under consideration New computers
The majority of company computers are quite new and fast enough to handle the work done on them.Consequently, new computers would not be recommended.Language training courses
The company aims to increase exports, particularly in Spain and France.Therefore, Language training courses would be an excellent idea for those employees who deal with business partners and customers overseas.In addition, training courses would increase motivation: staff would enjoy the lessons and perceive that the company in investing in them.Therefore, language training would be an option.Special bonus payments
Although special bonus payments would have a beneficial impact on motivation, they would have no direct effect on the companies operations.There are also potential problems concerning the selection of staff eligible for the payments and the setting of a precedent for future payments.Therefore, bonus payments would not be advisable.Recommendations
It is felt that the best solution for the company and staff would be to invest in language training.It is suggested that the company should organize course in French and Spanish.Those employees who have contact with partners and customers should be assured of places but other invested members of staff should also be allowed to attend.Supplier relationships Ex 3: Sample answer:(246words)
Introduction
The aim of the report is to recommend a supplier for our new range of leisurewear.A committee from the Purchasing Department was presented with a shortlist of five potential suppliers to select from.The criteria considered was price, quality, delivery and flexibility.Findings
It was found that, taking the companies' overall ratings into consideration, there was negligible difference between suppliers.Consequently, the committee decided to narrow its focus to the area considered to be of major importance for QuayWest's image, namely quality and price.Consort Trading Despite offering the best deal financially, the company is unable to guarantee garments compliant with EU standards.Samokovska Although it produces goods of an extremely high quality for exclusive markets, this supplier charge high prices,part of which would necessarily be passed on to customers.Namlong Sportswear The poor standards of craftsmanship make it difficult to justify paying the prices quoted.Shiva Trading Sample items from this supplier show an acceptable quality level.Furthermore, the deals currently on offer make it an attractive option.Hai Xin Group There is some doubt as to whether garments produced by this company would meet EU standards.In view of this, the prices appear unreasonably high.Conclusions
It was felt to be unwise to risk compromising the company's image by using suppliers of low quality goods.Similarly, using an expensive supplier could affect QuayWest's reputation for value for money.Recommendations
Consequently, it is suggested that QuayWest negotiates a contract with Shiva Trading.
第四篇：BEC中级写作精选
BEC中级写作范文精选
1.November 13
Dear Ms Goddard
With reference to your letter of November 3, I am writing to thank you for your kind invitation.I would be very pleased to accept your invitation to visit Oxford and see Trackplus’ production facilities.I would also be interested in meeting your colleagues at Head office, the design team in particular.I should also be delighted to accept your offer of arranging for me to see a play in the West End.Unfortunately, due to a business trip abroad, I am unable to come to England at the end of November as you suggested.However, as I feel it is important that we meet before Christmas I would be grateful if you could tell me if the second week of December would be suitable for you?
I look forward to hearing from you again.Yours sincerely
Paolo Fellini
2.MEMORANDUM
To: All members of staff, Northern Branch
From: K.J.L
Date: 5 December 2004
Subject: Personal Computers
The board urgently requires feedback on our experience with PCs in Northern Branch.I need to know, for our report:
1.What you personally use your PC for and your reasons for doing this.If you are doing work that was formerly done by other staff, please justify this.2.What software you use.Please name the programs.3.How many hours per day you spend actually using it.4.How your PC has not come up to your expectations.5.What unanticipated uses you have found for your PC, that others may want to share.Pleas fax this information directly to me by 5 p.m.on Wednesday, 7 December.If you have any queries, please contact my assistant, Jane Simmonds, who will be visiting you on Tuesday, 6 December.Thank you for your help.
第五篇：剑桥商务英语(BEC)中级词汇（推荐）
UNIT 1 FACE TO FACE
badge noun 徽章，证章
personnel noun 人员，职员
superior noun 长者，上级
surname noun 姓
whereabouts noun 下落，行踪
aperitif noun 开胃酒
chew over noun 考虑，详细讨论
syllable noun 音节
tricky adjective 狡猾的，机警的accountant noun 会计，会计师
application noun 应用程序，应用软件
hands-on noun 有实际经验的人
hectic adjective 忙乱的，忙碌的click verb 发出滴答声
co-worker noun 合作者，同事
delegate noun 代表
indigestion noun 消化不良
quiz noun 测验
sigh verb 叹息，叹气
sniff verb 用力吸气，闻到
yawn verb 打呵欠
ballpark figure noun 约略的数字
flu noun 流感
junior adjective 下级的，地位较低的senior adjective 高级的，地位较高的sketch noun 草图，梗概
UNIT 2 Letters，faxes and memos
attend to verb 处理，料理
proportion noun 比例，部分
envelope noun 信封
cc carbon copy 副本抄送
concise adjective 简洁的courteous adjective 有礼貌的dot matrix printer noun 點陣式打印机
heading noun 标题
house style noun 印刷风格
letterhead noun 信笺抬头
pp（also per pro）（签字前）代表…
recycle verb 回收再利用
additive noun 添加剂
aroma noun 香味
extract verb 取出，榨出，摘录
wavy adjective 波状的，波动的assemble verb 集合，装配
compile verb 编辑，汇编
jeopardize verb 危害
long-standing adjective 长期的puzzled adjective 迷惑不解的submit verb 提交，递交
UNIT 3 On the phone
mobile phone noun 移动电话
phone booth noun 公共电话亭
telephonist noun 接线生，话务员
batch noun 一批
courier noun 导游，信使
prototype noun 原型
receipt noun 收到，收据
stick-on adjective涂有黏胶/可粘贴的subcontract verb分包或转包
answering machine noun 留言机
striped adjective有条纹的subsidiary adjective 辅助/补充的freight noun 货物，运费
dial verb 拨（电话）
extension noun 分机
laboratory noun 实验室
literature noun 公司宣传资料
put sb through phrasal v为某人接通电话
switchboard noun 接线总机
break down verb 出故障
non-smoking adjective 非吸烟的stuffy adjective 通风不良/闷人的afflict verb 使痛苦，折磨
UNIT 4 Summaries，notes，reports
physiotherapist noun 理疗医师
stand noun 摊位，看台
procurement noun 采购，获得
bug noun 小虫，臭虫，病
Repetitive Strain Injury（RSI）noun（肢体的）重复性劳损
symptom noun 症状
ventilate verb 使通风
edit verb 编辑，校订
grave adjective 严重的sheet noun 薄片，被单
undertake verb 承担/答应做某事
dash noun 破折号
deduct verb 扣除
postpone verb 推迟，延迟
punctuation mark noun 标点符号
apostrophe noun 撇号
brackets noun 括弧
carry out phrasal verb 执行/完成/实现
colon noun 冒号
comma noun 逗号
exclamation mark noun 感叹号
full stop noun 句号
hyphen noun 连字符
inverted commas noun 引号
oblique noun 斜线符号
parenthesis noun 圆括号
period = full stop noun 句号
quotation marks noun 引号
semicolon noun 分号
slash noun 斜线
stroke noun 一笔，笔画
order noun 次序，顺序
sequence noun次序，顺序
session noun 一段时间
spot verb 认出，发现
UNIT 5 Working together
pension scheme noun 养老金计划或方案
aerospace adjective/noun 航空航天空间，航空航天技术（的）
beverage noun 饮料
chart noun 图表
electronics noun 电子学
tertiary adjective 第三的array noun 排列，编队
civil engineering noun 土木工程
cornerstone noun 奠基石，基础
fledgling firm noun新公司/无经验的公司
spearhead verb 领先/充当先锋
turn of the century 世纪之交
versatile adjective 万能的/多才多艺的zest noun 强烈的兴趣、热情
abolish verb 废止，废除
in bulk 大批
component noun 组成部分/零部件
confine verb 限制
consign verb 托运，委托
oblivion noun 遗忘
filing cabinet noun 文件柜
-fold suffix（附于数字后）表示“倍”
rewarding adjective 有益的，报答的 manual adjective 手工的/体力的 concentric adjective 同中心的counselor noun 顾问
parking lot noun 停车场
pyramid structure noun 金字塔结构
scrutiny noun 详细审查
subject someone to something phrasal verb 使某人经历或遭受某事物
UNIT 6 International trade
confidential adjective 机密的，秘密的hostile adjective 敌对的acquaintance noun 熟人
disabled adjective 伤残的rationalize verb 合理化
redundant adjective 多余的substantial adjective 大量的/可观的vehicle noun 交通工具
briefcase noun 公文包
bug noun 窃听器
detector noun 探测器
eavesdrop verb 偷听
device noun 装置，发明物
interfere verb 干涉，干预
mains plural noun UK（供应一建筑物或地方的）水源，煤气源，电源
warranty noun（商品）保证书，保证
monitor noun 监控器
portable adjective 轻便的/便携式的scrambler noun 扰频器
showroom noun（商品样品）陈列室
volt noun 伏特
anchor noun 锚
container noun 集装箱
handbook noun 手册
idealize verb 理想化
passage noun 航程，旅行，旅费
proforma（invoice）noun 形式发票
scenario noun 可能出现的情况
stainless steel noun 不锈钢
unload verb 卸货/（从相机中）取出胶卷
UNIT 7 Money matters
the brunt of 主要压力/正面冲撞
euro cheque noun 欧洲货币支票
marginal adjective 少的/微不足道的prestige noun 声望，威望
spreadsheet noun 空白表格程序，电子数据表
string noun 线，串
remittance noun 汇款，汇款额
inconsistent adjective 不一致/不协调的irrevocable adjective 不可撤销的liquidate verb 清算
rectify verb 纠正
UNIT 8 Dealing with problems
damage verb 损害，损坏
repair verb 修理，修补
cable noun 电缆
misunderstand verb 误解，误会
mix up noun 混乱，问题
reel noun 卷轴，一卷
attorney US = lawyer noun 律师
clumsy adjective 笨拙的
inefficient adjective效率低/不能胜任的pressure noun 压力
shortage noun 不足，缺乏
slip-up noun 疏忽，错误
slip someone's mind 忘记
solicitor UK noun 律师
threat noun 威胁，恐吓
anticipate verb 预期，期望
inconvenience noun 麻烦/不方便之处
database noun 数据库，资料库
format noun 版式，格式
fuss noun 忙乱，大惊小怪
graphics noun 图形
one-stop adjective 一站式的utility noun 效用，有用
asap abbreviation for 尽快
fault noun 过错，毛病，故障
inadequate adjective 不充分/不恰当的package noun 包裹，包
withhold verb 使停止，抑制
A4 noun A4（纸）
negative noun（摄影等的）底片/负片
refund noun 偿还额，退款
alloy noun 合金
cost-effective adjective 有成本效益的，划算的defect noun 过失，缺点
eliminate verb 排除，消除
line manager noun 生产线管理人员
mass-produce verb 大量生产
reject verb 拒绝，抵制，否决
UNIT 9 Visitors and travellers
belongings plural noun 财产，所有物
chain smoker noun 连续抽烟的人
connect verb 连接
gate noun 大门
itinerary noun 旅行的计划/旅行路线
platform noun 月台，站台，讲台
smooth adjective 顺利/光滑/流畅的traffic jam noun 交通阻塞，塞车
traveller's cheque noun 旅行支票
trolley noun 电车，手推车
buffet noun 自助餐
single room noun 单人房
twin bed noun 成对的单人床之一
gallery noun 美术陈列室，画廊
back streets noun 后街（通常指城镇贫民区中狭窄的街道）
big name noun informal 要人
brief verb 事先给某人详细介绍或指示
lake noun 湖
politician noun 政治家，政客
public transport noun公共交通/公交车辆
personality noun 名人（尤指娱乐界或体育界的）
appetizer US noun 开胃食品，开胃物
dessert noun 餐后甜点
entrée US noun 在正式宴席上，在鱼和肉两道主菜之间所上的菜
exaggerate verb 夸张，夸大
fudge noun 软糖
jet lag noun 喷气飞行时差反
main course UK noun 主菜
pie noun 馅饼
pumpkin noun 南瓜
starter UK noun 第一道菜
APEX abbreviation for Advance Purchase Excursion noun 预购远足套票
fee noun 费，酬金
full board 全膳
lecture noun 演讲，讲座
overhead projector（OHP）noun 高射投影仪
refund noun 退款，偿还额
self-catering adjective，noun（指假日、住宿等）自己举炊的seminar noun 研讨会
simultaneous adjective同时/同时发生的
venue noun 聚集地点，会场，（尤指）体育比赛场所
balcony noun 阳台
overlook verb 俯瞰，远眺
wheelchair noun 轮椅
compensate verb 偿还，补偿
flap noun（用以覆盖开口的或垂下的）扁平物
knock back phrasal verb 很快喝掉某物
landing gear noun（=undercarriage）（飞行器的）起落架
leaflet noun 散叶印刷品，传单
manifesto noun 宣言，声明
screwdriver noun 螺丝起子
sightseeing noun 观光
soak verb 浸泡，浸透
UNIT 10 Marketing
brand noun 品牌
commercial noun（电视或无线电中的）广告
demand verb 要求，需要
design noun 设计，图案，花样
distribute verb 分发，分布
end user noun 终端用户
hire purchase noun 分期付款购买
label noun 标签，签条
opportunity noun 机会，时机
outlet noun 经销店
PR = public relations noun 公共关系
promote verb 促进，提升
publicity noun 宣传，广告
taste noun 品味
threat noun 恐吓，威胁
benefit noun 利益，好处
cross-refer verb 前后参照
desire verb 期望，要求
feature noun 特征，特色
nostalgia noun 对往事的怀恋/怀旧
update verb 更新，使现代化
brochure noun 小册子
bubble gum noun 泡泡糖
comic adjective 滑稽的/喜剧的direct mail 直接邮件/直接邮寄广告
liqueur noun 利口酒
press release noun 新闻稿stand noun 摊位，架子
word of mouth 口头语
break into phrasal verb 突然开始
probability noun 可能性，概率
predict verb 预言，预知
forecast noun 预见，预报
gloom noun 昏暗，忧郁，忧愁
hospitality noun 殷勤待客，好客
landscape noun 风景，山水画
misconception noun 错误的观念，误解
package tour noun 一切由旅行社代办而费用固定的假日旅游
questionnaire noun 调查表，问卷
wilderness noun 荒野，荒地
manure noun 肥料，粪肥
trend noun 倾向，趋势
impact noun 冲击力/撞击/巨大的影响
literature noun 小册子，传单
UNIT 11 Meetings
chair noun 主持会议的主席（的席位或职位），大学教授的职位
designate verb 指定，指派，任命
flextime noun 弹性上班制
full-time adjective，adverb 全日制的，全工作周的；全日制地，全周地
part-time adjective，adverb 兼职的/地，部分时间工作的/地
stipulate verb 规定
premise noun 前提，假定
arise verb 出现，发生
boundary noun 边界，边界线
cautious adjective 谨慎的，小心的crockery noun 陶器，瓦器
cutlery noun 餐具
leak verb 泄露
on the spot 当场
territory noun 领土/版图/地域
verbal adjective 口头的
adjourn verb 延期，休会
duration noun 持续时间/为期
agenda noun 议程
majority noun 大半，多数
to and fro adverb 来回地，往复地
vote verb 投票决定，投票
buffet noun 自助餐
overdo verb 做得过分/过火，做作
pro rata 按比例的/地，成比例的/地
snack noun 小吃，快餐
wedding reception nun 结婚宴会
haul noun 旅程所花/某事发生所需时间
UNIT 12 Processes and operations
fax machine noun 传真机
hard disk noun 硬盘
assortment noun 各类物品或同类各种物品的聚集，混合物
bubble noun 泡沫，气泡
crucial adjective 至关重要的
ingredient noun（烹调用的）材料，原料，成分；因素，要素，成分
microprocessor noun 微处理器
texture noun 质地，纹理
assembly noun 装配，集合
facility noun 能够或易于做某事的环境、设备等，辅助物
standby noun 备用的事物
streamline verb 使（某事物）效率更高、作用更大，精简
coat verb 涂上，包上
drum noun 鼓形圆桶
beep verb 发嘟嘟声，发哔哔声
disconnect verb 拆开，分离
feed verb 喂养，提供原料
mode noun 方式，模式，样式
slot noun 细长的孔/硬币投币口/狭通道
grind verb 磨碎，碾碎
roast verb 烤，烘烤
UNIT 13 Jobs and careers
acquire verb 获得，学到
attitude noun 态度，看法
cabin crew noun 机舱工作人员
the dole noun informal 施舍品，失业救济金
slot noun 为某人/某事物安排的位置或时间
from scratch 从零开始，从无到有，白手起家
jump at phrasal verb 欣然接受
recession noun 工商业之萧条/不景气
recruit verb 征募新兵/吸收新成员
transition noun 转变，转换，过渡
volunteer noun 志愿者/兵
ageism noun 对老年人的歧视
alleviate verb 使（痛苦等）易于忍受，减轻
aptitude noun 能力，才能
arbitrary adjective 任意的，武断的
blanket adjective 包括一切情形或种类的，总括的，综合的creed noun 信条
criminology noun 犯罪学，刑事学
culprit noun 犯人
CV UK noun = curriculum vitae个人简历
discriminate verb 歧视，区别待遇
dynamic adjective 动力的，精力充沛的，有力的，动态的guilt noun 罪行，内疚
high-flyer noun 抱负极高的人，有野心的人
irrespective adjective 不顾的，不考虑的，无关的lag verb 落后于，滞后
obsessed adjective 着迷/牵挂/困扰的oppress verb 压迫，压抑
pressing adjective 紧迫的
prevalent adjective 普遍的，流行的résumé noun 个人简历
rot verb 腐烂/败
set in phrasal verb（指雨、坏天气、感染等）开始并可能继续下去
sliding scale noun 滑动费率，滑动折算制
steady adjective 稳固的，稳定的
strenuous adjective 精力充沛的，干劲十足的，必须努力的corridor noun 走廊
give [someone] a hard time phrasal verb 使某人难堪
interviewer noun 主持面试者，采访者
panel noun 座谈小组，陪审团
promising adjective 有希望的，有前途的short list noun 决选名单
bonus noun 奖金，红利
eligible adjective 合格的/有恰当资格的the nitty-gritty noun informal 基本事实，实情
scope noun 机会，范围
initiative noun 主动性/积极性/主动权
UNIT 14 Sales and negotiation
cheat verb 欺骗，骗取
hard sell noun 硬卖/强行推销
soft sell noun 软推销/劝买/说服式推销
sales rep noun 销售代表
bargain noun 契约，合同
debate noun 争论，辩论
dispute noun 争论/议，纠纷
appliance noun 用具，器具/械
margin noun 差额，成本与售价间的差额，利润
remain verb 保持
encounter verb 遭遇，相遇
micro-prefix 微，微小
lens noun 透镜，镜片
process verb 加工，冲洗摄影胶卷
viewfinder noun（照相机的）取景器
UNIT 15 A special project
criterion noun（批评判断的）标准
expertise noun 专门技术
local authority noun 地方当局，地方政权
microwave（oven）noun 微波炉
refurbish verb 重新装饰，使（某物）恢复光亮
nappy noun 尿布
baked beans noun（加番茄酱等制的）烘豆
concrete jungle noun 高楼林立、乌烟瘴气、时有暴力事件的现代城市、城区
down-to-earth adjective 脚踏实地的人，讲求实际的人，讲现实的人，实用物品
flight simulator noun 飞行模拟装置，飞行模拟器
hereabouts adverb 附近，在这一带
incentive noun 刺激，奖励
interstate noun US 州际高速公路
midway adverb 在中途，在半路
no-nonsense adjective 实际的，严肃的pharmaceutical adjective 制药的mall noun 购物商场，商业街
Victorian adjective 维多利亚女王时代的
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