第一篇:英语知识点整合
Unit One
1.How often do you exercise ?
→ How often + 助动词do(does或did)+ 主语 + do sth.? 疑问词how often是问频率(多经常), 在这里助动词do(does或did)是起帮助构成疑问的作用
Every day / Once a week / Twice a month / Three times a month / Three or four times a month.2.What do you usually do on weekends ?
第一个do 为助动词, 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用;而第二个 do 则是实义动词。I usually play soccer.3.What’s your favorite program ? It’s Animal World.4.What do students do at Green High School ?
第一个do 为助动词, 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用;而第二个 do 则是实义动词。
5.As for homework , most students do homework every day.as for...意思是“至于;关于”,常用于句首作状语,其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)。如:
As for him,I never want to see him here.至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到。
As for the story,you'd better not believe it.关于那故事,你最好不要相信。
6.The results for “ watch TV ” are interesting.7.Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her.→ want to do sth.意思是“想要做某事”;want sb.to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如:Do you want to go to the movies with me?你想和我一起去看电影吗?
The teacher doesn't want us to eat hamburgers.老师不想让我们吃汉堡包。
8.She says it’s good for my health.→ be good for...表示“对„„有益(有好处)”。其反义为:be bad for...。(这里for 是介词,后跟名词、代词或动名词)如:
It's good for us to do more reading.多读书对我们有好处。
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。
9.How many hours do you sleep every night ?
10.I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school.11.My eating habits are pretty good.这里pretty相当于very。
12.I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week.→ try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ”,不包含是否成功的意思 / try doing sth.表示“(用某一办法)试着去做某事”。如:You’d better try doing the experiment in another way.你最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验。
13.My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.→ help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事
14.Good food and exercise help me to study better.→ help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事 / 这里better是well的比较级,而不是good的比较级
15.Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different ? =Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from your lifestyle ? → be the same as „ / be different from „
16.I think I’m kind of unhealthy.kind of = a little / a kind of 意思是“一种”
17.What sports do you play ?
18.A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health.keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy
19.You must try to eat less meat.→ try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” , 不包含是否成功的意思 / less是little的比较级
20.That sounds interesting.这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound(听起来),look(看起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(觉得),seem(好象),grow(变得), get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词,后跟形容词作表语。如:
It tastes good.这味道好。
The music sounds very sweet.这音乐听起来很入耳。
The smoke grew heavier and heavier.烟雾变得越来越浓了。
Unit Two
1.What’s the matter ? What’s the mater with you ? with为介词,后跟名词、代词或动名词。人称代词必须用它的宾格。
I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache
2.You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor.3.I’m not felling well.这里well表示身体状况,不能用good代替
4.When did it start ? About two days ago.5.That’s too bad.6.I hope you fell better soon.这里better是well的比较级
7.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy.这里 to be healthy是动词不定式短语,作目的状语
8.Maybe you have too much yin.too much后跟不可数名词,而too many后跟可数名词复数
9.It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it’s important to eat a balanced diet.→ It’s easy to do sth.做某事容易 / It’s important to do sth.做某事重要
10.Everyone gets tired sometimes.这里get连系动词,tired是形容词作表语,属系表结构
11.A sore throat can give you a fever.→ give sb.sth.= give sth.to sb.把某物给某人
12.Don’t get stressed out.It’s not healthy.在这里get是连系动词,stressed out是表语
13.I have a toothache.I need to see a dentist.→ need意思为 “需要”,作实义动词时,后跟动词不定式,否定式为don’t /doesn’t / didn’t need(to do sth.);作情态动词时,只能用于否定句或疑问句中,否定式为needn’t(do sth.),除有过去式外,没有其它的形态变化
14.Eat a balanced diet to stay healthy.to stay healthy是动词不定式短语,作目的状语
15.I’m not feeling very well at the moment.at the moment = now
Unit Three
1.What are you doing for vacation ? I’m babysitting my sister.Where are you going for vacation ? Italy.这是现在进行时的一种比较特殊的用法,用来表示按计划或安排要做的事情,现在还没有去做。
2.Who are you going with ? I’m going with my parents.with my parents是介词短语,在这里作伴随状语,起修饰谓语动词are going的作用
3.When are you going ? I’m going on Monday.4.What are you doing there ? I’m going hiking in the mountains.5.How long are you staying ? Just for four days.I don’t like going away for too long.疑问词hwo long是对时间长短或事物的长度提问,在这里是对时间的长短进行提问。
6.Have a good time.= Enjoy oneself.玩得开心、愉快
7.Show me your photos when we get back to school.→ show sb.sth.= show sth.to sb.把某给某人看
8.I’m going to Hawaii for vacation.for vacation是介词短语,在这里作目的状语,起修饰谓语动词的作用
9.What’s it like there ? 这里like是介词,而不是动词
10.Can I ask you some questions about your vacation plans ? → ask sb.sth.问某人某事
11.Ben Lambert , the famous French singer , is taking a long vacation this summer!→ take a vacation 度假
12.He thought about going to Greece or Spain , but decided on Canada.→ think about 考虑 / decide on 决定 这里的about和on都是介词
13.“ I always take vacation in Europe ,” he said.“ This time I want to do something different.” →(1).want to do sth.(2).修饰不定代词(something , nothing , anything等)的定语常放在不定代词的后面
14.He plans to have a very relaxing vacation.→ plan to do sth.计划做某事
15.I’m planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside.16.I just finished making my last movies.→ finish doing sth.完成做某事
17.I hear that Thailand is a good place to go sightseeing.to go sightseeing是动词不定式短语,作a good place的后置定语
18.She’s leaving for Hong Kong on Tuesday.→ leave A for B 离开A地去B地
19.I want to ask you about places to visit China.to visit China是动词不定式短语,作places的后置定语
20.I’m planning my vacation to Italy this weekend.to Italy是动词不定式短语,作my vacation的后置定语
21.What should tourists take with them ? with them是介词短语,在这里作伴随状语,起修饰谓语动词take的作用
22.Where are you leaving from ? leave from 离开某地(注:from是介词)
Unit Four
1.How do you get to school ? 疑问词how 在这里是对方式进行提问
I ride my bike / walk / take the subway.By bike / bicycle / bus / train / subway / taxi / air / plane / ship / boat.On foot.How do I get there ? 因there是副词,所以不能说get to there Don’t worry.Let me look at your map.Ok , first „ , next „.Then „.2.How long does it take ? 疑问词hwo long是对时间长短或事物的长度提问
It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus.How long does t take you to get from home to school ?
It takes twenty-five minutes.→ take sb.some time to do sth.花费某人„„时间做某事
3.Lin Fei’s home is about Kilometers from school.4.How far is it from your home to school ? It’s three miles.How far do you live from school ? I live 10 miles from school.疑问词how far在这里是对距离进行提问
5.In other parts of the world , things are different.6.In China , it depends on where you are.→ depend on 视„„而定;决定于7.That must be a lot more fun(更多的乐趣或更有趣)than taking a bus.1.那一定比乘公共汽车上学更有趣
8.In North America , not all students take the bus to school.not all是部分否定,意思是并不是
所有的;不是全部的9.Other parts of the world are different from the United States.10.A small number of students take the subway.→ a number of = many 许多
11.What do you think of the transportation in your town ? → think of 对„„有某种看法
12.When it rains I take a taxi.13.I have a map but in Chinese.14.If you have a problem , you can ask a policeman.Unit Five
1.Can you come to my party ?
Sure , I’d love(like)to./ I’m sorry , I can’t.I have to help my parents.Can you play tennis with me ?
情态动词can在这里起征求对方意见的作用。
2.I have too much homework this weekend.too much后跟不可数名词;too many后跟可数名词复数
3.That’s too bad.4.Maybe another time.5.Thanks for asking.for介词,后跟名词,代词或动名词
6.Come and have fun./ Come and join us.7.On Wednesday , I’m playing tennis with the school team.8.I have to study for my science test on Thursday.have to强调客观原因;而must强调主观原因
9.Please keep quiet!I’m trying to study.→ try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” , 不包含是否成功的意思
10.Do you want to come to my birthday party ? → want to do sth.意思是“想要做某事”
11.Li Lei is going fishing with grandpa the whole day.the whole day = all day 整天
12.Can you come over to my house ?
13.I’m free till 22:00.Unit Six
1.I’m more outgoing than my sister.→ 主语 + 动词 + 形容词比较级别 + than + 比较对象
2.As you can see , in some ways we look the same , and in some ways we look different.3.However , we both enjoy going to parties.→ enjoy doing sth.= like doing sth.喜欢做某事
4.Liu Li has more than one sister.more than 不止
5.Liu Li and Liu Ying have some things in common.→ in common(团体)共同的;公有的6.Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister.as „as 和„„一样(其中as„as之间的形容词必须用原级);它的否定式是:not as(so)„ as
7.Liu Ying talks more than Liu Li.这里more是much的比较级,而不是many的比较级
8.Both girls go to lots of parties.lots of = a lot of 许多
9.My friend is the same as me.→ be the same as „ 与„„一样 / be different from „与„„不同
10.I think a good friend makes me laugh.→ make sb.do sth.使某人做某事
11.For me , a good friend likes to do the same things as me.→ like to do sth.12.That’s not very important for me ….13.What’s your opinion ?
14.Should friends be different or the same ? same前常有定冠词the
15.I like to have friends who are like me./ I like to have friends who are different from me.→ like to do sth.中的like 是动词,意思是“ 喜欢 ”;而are like me 中的like 是介词,意思是“ 像 ”。要注意区别like的词性。
16.I’m quieter than most of the kids in my class.17.We both like doing the same things.→ like doing sth.喜欢做某事
18.Who do you think should get the job , Ruth or Rose ?
19.You must be good with children / enjoy telling jokes.→ be good with sb.对某人好;与某人相处融洽 / enjoy doing = like doing sth.喜欢做某事
20.He can’t stop talking.→ stop doing sth.意为“ 停止(正在)做的事情”,doing在句中是stop的宾语。如:When the teacher came in , the students stopped talking and laugh.老师走了进来,学生们停止了谈笑。/ stop to do sth.意为“ 停下(正在做的事)去做某事”,动词不定式短语to do sth.在句中作动词 stop 的目的状语。如:He stopped to write a letter to her.他停下手边的工作,给她写信。
21.He always helps others.22.She likes to stay at home and read.→ like to do sth.喜欢做某事 / stay at home 呆在家里
Review of units 1-6
1.You use milk to make cheese and you can drink it , too.动词不定式短语to make cheese在这里作目的状语,修饰use milk
2.A part of your body beginning with “ a ”.→ begin with 以„„开始(注意:with是介词)
3.The opposite of short is long or tall.4.The neck is between your head and your body.→ between „ and 在„„和„„之间
5.Carrots , onions and peppers are all vegetables.→ all用于三者或三者以上;both用于两者。同时要注意它们在句中的位置,即位于连系动词(be),助动词(be , will , shall , should 等),情态动词(can , may , must , have to等)的后面;其它动词的前面。
6.I like reading books in my free time.like doing sth.喜欢做某事 / in one’s free time 在空余时间
7.I feel terrible , doctor.在这里feel是连系动词,terrible是形容词作表语,feel terrible是系表结构作复合谓语
8.I usually relax in my swimming pool.9.I’m very excited to be taking a vacation around China!→ be excited to do sth.做某事很激动
10.Who is more athletic , Gao Yan or Li Tong ?
第二篇:英语知识点汇总
英语知识点汇总
一.名词:名词单复数,名词的格
(一)名词单复数
1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds
2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches
3.以―辅音字母+y‖结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries
4.以―f或fe‖结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese
不可数名词的复数就是原型: paper,juice,water,milk,rice,tea
(二)名词的格
(1)有生命的东西的名词所有格:
a)单数后加 ‘s 如: Lucy‘s ruler my father‘s shirt
b)以s 结尾的复数名词后加 ‘如: his friends‘ bags
c)不以s 结尾的复数后加 ‘s children‘s shoes
在并列名词中,如果把 ‘s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有,如:
Tom and Mike‘s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车
要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加‘s
‘s and Mike‘s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车
(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用― of +名词‖来表示所有关系:如:
a picture of the classroom a map of China
二.冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类:
(1)不定冠词:a / an
(2)元音读音开头的可数名词前用an : an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an hour an old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /
(3)定冠词:the
定冠词的用法:
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.(2)复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater.The sweater is new.(3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren‘t at school.(4)在序数词前: John‘s birthday is February the second.(5)用于固定词组中: in the morning / afternoon / evening
不用冠词的情况:
(1)专有名词前:China is a big country.(2)名词前有定语:this,that,my,your,some,any,no 等:
This is my baseball.(3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can‘t swim.They are teachers.4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day.It‘s Sunday.(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.(6)球类 棋类运动前:They often play football after class.He plays chess at home.* 但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.(7)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.(8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.(9)固定词组中:at noon at night by bus
四、形容词,副词:比较级,最高级
(一)、形容词的比较级
1.形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面 一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more,a little来修饰表示程度。than 后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。
2.形容词加er的规则:
⑴ 一般在词尾加er ;
⑵ 以字母e 结尾,加r ;
⑶ 以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ;
⑷ 以―辅音字母+y‖结尾,先把y变i,再加er。
3.不规则形容词比较级:good-better,beautiful-more beautiful
(二)副词的比较级
1.形容词与副词的区别(有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动)⑴在句 子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后 ⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化:well-better,far-farther)
五、数词:基数词,序数词
1、基数词
(1)1-20 one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty
(2)21-99
先说几十,再说几,中间加连字符。
23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one
(3)101—999
先说几百,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;
586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three
(4)l,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个―,‖,第一个―,‖前为 thousand.第二个―,‖前为million,第三个―,‖前为billion 1,001→one thousand and one
18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three
6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine 750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty billion
2、序数词
(1)一般在基数词后加th
eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth
(2)不规则变化
one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve—twelfth
(3)以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加th
twenty→twentieth,forty→fortieth,ninety→ninetieth
(4)从二十一后的―几十几‖直至―几百几十几‖或―几千几百几十几‖只将个位的基 数词变为序数词。
twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth 基数词转为序数词的口诀: 基 变序,有规律,词尾加上-th.一,二,三,特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d.八去t,九去e,ve要用f替。ty将y变成 i,th前面有个e.若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序。
六、介词:
常用介词:in,on,at,behind等
1.at表示时间概念的某一个点。(在某时刻、时间、阶段等)。
at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一点钟(黎明、午夜、中午)
2.on
1)表示具体日期。
注:(1)关于“在周末”的几种表示法: at(on)the weekend在周末---特指 at(on)weekends在周末---泛指 over the weekend在整个周末 during the weekend在周末期间(2)在圣诞节,应说at Christmas而不说on Christmas
3.in)表示“时段”、“时期”,在多数情况下可以和during互换,前者强调对比,后者强调持续。in(during)1988(December,the 20th century)在 一九八八年(十二月、二十世纪)
七、动词:
动词的四种时态:
(1)一般现在时:
一般现在时的构成
be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如: I am a boy.我是一个男孩。行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如: We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词后加“-s”或“-es”。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
动词+s的变化规则:
①.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks
②.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes 3.以―辅音字母+y‖结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies
(2)一般过去时:
动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有:
A、规则动词
① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked,learned,cleaned,visited
② 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived,danced,used
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry– carried worry – worried(注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)
④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped B、不规则动词(此类词并 无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing – sang,eat – ate,see – saw,have – had,do – did,go – went,take – took,buy – bought,get – got,read – read,fly – flew,am/is – was,are – were,say – said,leave – left,swim – swam,tell – told,draw – drew,come – came,lose – lost,find – found,drink – drank,hurt – hurt,feel – felt
(3)一般将来时:
基本结构: ① be going to + do; ② will+ do.be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).= I will go swimming tomorrow.(4)现在进行时: am,is,are+动词现在分词 动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则: ① 一般的直接在后面加上ing,如doing,going,working,singing,eating
② 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing,如having,writing
③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running,swimming,sitting,getting
第三篇:小升初英语知识点
小升初英语知识点汇总
(一)小升初英语语法
一、名词复数规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 二、一般现在时
1.一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作,也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。
2.一般现在时中,没有be动词和情态动词,主语为第三人称单数的肯定句,动词要按规则加上s,主语是非第三人称单数的肯定句,动词用原形。
3.在一般现在时中,句中有be动词或情态动词时,否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not,一般疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。4.在一般现在时中,句中没有be动词或情态动词时,主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加does+not(doesn’t),一般疑问句在句首加does,句子中原有动词用原形;主语为非第三人称单数,否定句用do+not(don’t),一般疑问句在句首加do,句子中动词用原形。
动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
三、现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
动词加ing的变化规则:
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping
四、be going to
1.be going to 表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。
2.肯定句:be going to +动词原形,如:Jim is going to play football.否定句:be not going to +动词原形,如:Jim is not going to play football.一般疑问句:把be动词调到句首,如:Is Jim going to play football? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形?如:What is Jim going to do? 疑问词当主语时:疑问词+be+going to+动词原形?如:Who is going to play football? 五、一般过去时
1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)
⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句:didn’t +动词原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句:
⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如: What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied
5.不规则动词过去式: am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
(二)小升初英语词类:
动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分,如不能一眼看出,可用如下方法:
先用“一(量词)”(如:一个、一张等)和这个词连起来说,如说得通,一般认为是名词;说不通再用“很”去判断,就是把“很”和为个词连起来说,说得通一般就是形容词;都说不通就是动词。(目前我们学过的,以后可能不同)(另外一些很明显的,如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道)
1、动词
这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称,其中包括行为动词(就是我们平时总说的那种动词)、be动词、情态动词。
(1)行为动词
就是我们平时上课时说的动词,表示某一动作或行为。如:sweep、live等。
行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式:
原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing,具体判断方法如下:
↗有,就加ing
读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看有无be动词
(若是be going to 就用原形)
↘没有,再看情态动词
↗有,就用原形
↗有,就加ed
↘没有,再看有无表示过去的时间状语
↗是第三人称单数就加s或es
↘没有,再看主语
↘不是第三人称单数就用原形
(2)be动词
a、Am--was Is--was Are--were 口诀:我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它,所有复数全用are。
b、肯定和否定句 I am(not)from London.He is(not)a teacher.She is(not)in the dining room.My hair is(not)long.Her eyes are(not)small.c、一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are.No, you aren’t.Are they American? Yes, they are.No, they aren’t.Is the cat fat? Yes, it is.No, it isn’t.我们现在学过的be动词大致分两类:is、am、are为一类,一般用于一般现在时、现 在进行时和一般将来时中,was和were为另一类,一般用于一般过去时。
判断步骤:
↗第一、三人称单数,就用was
↗有,再看人称
↘第二人称单数和所有复数,就用were
看有无表示过去的时间状语
↗第一人称单数,就用am
↘没有,再看人称→第三人称单数,就有is
↘第二人称单数和所有复数,就用are
(3)情态动词
情态动词也是一类特殊的动词,平时我们不把它说成是动词。情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中。
我们现在学过的情态动词有:can、must、should、would、may。接触最多的是can。
情态动词后动词总是用原形。(不受其他任何条件影响)
2、名词
表示某一事物,有具体的和抽象的之分。判断的关键词往往是be动词,be动词如果是am、is或was,名词就用原形;be动词如果是are或were,名词就加s或es。
这里强调两点:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断,以免受误导。
如何加后缀:
a.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
b.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
c.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
d.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
e.不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
判断步骤:
↗如是am、is或was→原形
读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词
↘如是are或were→加s或es
3、形容词(包括副词)
形容词表示某一事物或的特征,副词表示某一动作的特征。
形容词和副词只有两种形式:原形和+er。
未作比较的情况下就用原形,比较时就+er。
两个重要特征:as……as中间一定用原形,有than的时候一定+er。
4、人称代词和物主代词
人称代词
物主代词
单数
复数
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
形容词性(短)
名词性(长)
形容词性(短)
名词性(长)
第一人称 I me we us my mine our ours
第二人称 you you you you your yours your yours
第三人称 he him they them his his their theirs
she her her hers
it it its its
人称代词:
有主格和宾格之分。
一般动词前用主格,动词后用宾格。
物主代词:
有两类:形容词性物主代词(短的)和名词性物主代词(长的)
一般看后面有没有名词,如有,就用形容词性物主代词(短的);如无,就用名词性物主代词(长的)。
5、数量词
我们学过两类:基数词和序数词。基数用于表示数量多少,而基数词用于表示次序,常在日期中出现。
6、冠词
有a、an、the。a和an有具体的意思,一(个…),the没有具体意思,有时翻译为这、那。确定用a、an还是the时可根据汉语意思。a和an的区别:an用于元音音素(一般就是元音字母aeiou)前,a用于辅音音素前。
(三)小升初英语句式:
一、否定句:
表示某一否定意思。句中一定有not。
有三种可能:be动词(am、is、are、was、were)+not、情态动词(can、must、should)+ not、助动词(do、does、did)+ not
如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句:
1、看句中有无be动词,如有,直接在be动词后+ not。
2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,直接在情态动词后+ not。
3、如上述二者都没有,就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤:
(1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。
(2)确定助动词用do、does还是did,根据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does,动词用过去式的助动词就有did。
(3)在助动词后加not。
(4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。
强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any。
二、一般疑问句。
表示疑问,一般回答只有两种可能Yes,……或No,……句中没有疑问词。
如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句:
1、看句中有无be动词,如有,把be动词提到句首即可。
2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,把情态动词提到句首即可。
3、如上述二者都没有,就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤:
(1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。
(2)确定助动词用do、does还是did,根据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does,动词用过去式的助动词就有did。
(3)把助动词后提到句首。
(4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。
强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any。
三、特殊疑问句。
表示疑问,有疑问词(在开头),回答有很多种可能。
常用疑问词:
What、When、Which、Who、Whose、Why、How
如何对划线部分提问:
1、将原问句翻译为汉语(在读中要将划线部分重读)。
如:His birthday is on the 5th of May.他的生日在五月五日。
2、用汉语进行提问。
如上句,应该问:他的生日在什么时候?
3、根据汉语将所要提问的句子补充完整。
如上句When is his birthday ?
四、祈使句
表示请求或命令别人做某事或不要做某事。
肯定祈使句一定是以动词原形开头(有时有please),否定的祈使句一定是don’t加动词原形开头(有时有please)。
把祈使句改为否定句只需在动词前加don’t即可。
五、时态
1、一般现在时
(1)句中be动词和动词一般情况下只能有一种而且也必须有一种。如:
The children are very happy on Christmas Day.She often does some housework at the weekend.(2)一般现在时中的be动词:
一般用原形:am is are
am用于第一人称单数(I);is用于第三人称单数(he she it和其他人名或称谓,如:Ben his sister等);are用于第二人称单数(you)和所有复数(包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you;第三人称复数they和其他复数,如the children、his parents等)。
(3)一般过去时中的动词:
有两种情况:
第一种情况:主语是第三人称单数(he she it 和其他,如Helen、her cousin 等),动词后一般加s或es。
第二种情况:主语不是第三人称单数,动词都用原形。
(4)一般现在时判断依据(如何判断一个句子是一般现在时):
△be动词是am、is、are
△动词用原形或加s、es
△没有时间状语或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具体的时间
(5)有用的的依据:
Be动词是is、am ←→ 名词用原形(这里包括可数名词的单数和不可数名词)
Be动词是are ←→ 名词加s或es
动词加s或es ←→ 主语是第三人称单数
动词用原形 ←→ 主语不是第三人称单数
(6)情态动词:
我们现在学过的情态动词有:can、must、should、would。
情态动词后动词总是用原形。(不受其他任何条件影响)六、一般过去时
(1)句中be动词和动词一般情况下只能有一种而且也必须有一种。如:
The girls were on the grass just now.They visited my parents last weekend.(2)一般过去时中的be动词:
一般用过去式:was were
was用于第一人称单数(I)和第三人称单数(he she it和其他人名或称谓,如:Ben、his sister等);were用于第二人称单数(you)和所有复数(包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you;第三人称复数they和其他复数,如the children、his parents等)。
(3)一般过去时中的动词:
一般只有一种情况:+ed
这里强调一点,和一般现在时不同的是这里不管主语是第几人称,也不管是单数和复数都加ed。
(4)一般过去时判断依据(如何判断一个句子是一般过去时):
△be动词是was、were
△动词加ed
△有表示过去的时间状语
现在学过的常用的表示过去的时间状语有:
just now a moment yesterday last week last night last weekend last year last month three days ago two weeks ago
five years ago
(5)有用的的依据:
Be动词是was或were 该句是一般过去时
动词加ed 有表示过去的时间状语
3、一般将来时
(1)构成形式:
Be going to +动词原形。
这里强调一点,be动词、going、to以及动词原形共四个单词缺少其中任何一种都不可以构成一般将来时。
(2)一般将来时表示动作即将发生或某人打算做某事。
(3)有用的依据:
一个句子中既有be动词,又有going、to和动词,且动词用的是原形←→ 该句是现在进行时
(4)句中往往有tomorrow、soon、next week等词。
4、现在进行时
(1)构成形式:
Be动词+动词的ing形式
这里强调一点,两者缺少其中任何一种都不可以构成现在进行时。
(2)现在进行时表示动作正在进行或事情正在发生。
(3)有用的依据:
一个句子中既有be动词,又有动词,且动词加了ing ←→ 该句是现在进行时
(4)句中往往有now、look、listen等词。
七、Have、Has和There be结构
1、There be结构包括there is there are there was there were
2、意思都是“有”。
3、和have、has、had的区别:
(1)There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)
(2)在there be 句型中,主语是单数,be 动词用is;主语是复数,be 动词用are;如有几件物品,be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定。
(3)there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。
(4)there be句型与have(has)的区别:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has)表示某人拥有某物。
(5)some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用:some 用于肯定句,any 用于否定句或疑问句。
(6)and 和or 在there be句型中的运用:and 用于肯定句,or 用于否定句或疑问句。
(7)针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是: How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语? How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语?
(8)针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是: What’s + 介词短语?
(9)There be结构一般用在句子的开头,而have等词只能用于某一个主语后面。
第四篇:高二英语知识点
高二知识讲解
Unit 1
Disneyland
1.in the hope of...(怀着......的希望)
in the hope of...=in hopes of...2.take along(随身带着)
3.lose heart(失去信心;灰心)
lose heart → to lose one's courage or confidence.4.day after day(日复一日地)
[名词 + after + 名词]的句型表示“连续;许多”:
5.in this way(用这种方式)
in...way 用某种方式;用作状语。
6.bring...on(使前进)
7.go through
(仔细查看)
go through(=search, examine)侧重查找(错误、要点等)
8.go(straight)ahead
(一直)往前走
ahead 为副词;ahead of 后接用名词。
9.anything of interest
(任何有趣的事)
10.be well-known as an artist
(以身为艺术家著称)
as 表“充作、作为” → as a teacher/doctor/actor
11.be pleased with(对......感到满意)介词with与表“满、充满”之意的词连用的用法:
Unit 2 No smoking, please
1.go ahead(用吧, 有较活的译法)
2.burn down
(烧毁)
3.compare A to B
(把A比喻作B)
4.give up
(放弃)
5.be used to(doing)sth.已习惯于(做)某事
6.get into the habit of...(养成做某事的习惯)
7.compare A with B
(A和B加以比较)
8.next door(to us)
在(我们)的隔壁;与(我们)相邻
9.fall asleep
(睡着)
10.one third
(三分之一)
11.die from smoking
(死于吸烟)
die from/of辨异请见Unit 15(Senior 1)。
12.fall by 25%
下降25%
介词by表示相差的程度:
13.[mind + 名词/doing something]的用法
14.[介词 + whom/which + 不定式]相当于一个形容词短语的用法
15.habit的用法
Unit 3 Body language
1.a dining room
(餐厅)
2.one another
(彼此)
3.make oneself understood(让别人明白自己)
4.take...for example
(以......为例)
5.an English-spoken country(讲英语的国家)
6.at all
(确实;究竟)
7.the same as
(与......一样)
8.不定式的一些常用句式:
Unit 4
Newspapers
1.fix a time for something(确定时间做某事)
2.get down to work(开始认真做某事)
3.a face-to-face interview(面对面的采访)
4.be popular with sb.(受到某人欢迎)
5.go with
(开始;向前走)
6.What's on?(上演什么?)
7.hold a meeting(开会)
8.do a telephone interview(进行电视采访)
9.look up
(查找, 抬头看)
10.work on a newspaper(在报业工作)
11.stop working on...(停止编写......)
12.take photos
(照相)
13.make changes(使发生变化)
14.by lorry
(用卡车)
15.a latest newspaper 最新出版的报纸
16.report new plays
(报导新剧)
17.learn about(学到, 得知)
18.a good way of doing something(一种做某事的好办法)
19.as well(也;又)
20.care for(喜欢;想要)
21.late in the day;later in the day(在那天稍晚些时候)
Unit 5 Charlie Chaplin
1.uncertain 的用法
2.set off/out(出发)
3.in the air(在空中)
4.in a short while(过了一小会儿)
5.be uncertain about/of(对...不确定)
6.in(one's)search of(寻求)
7.in a hurry(匆忙)
8.bring up(抚育;呕吐)
9.play the piano(演奏钢琴)
10.at the very beginning(就在刚刚开始)
11.a period of several weeks(在好几周期间)
12.put on a play(上演戏剧等)
13.at the age of 15(在15岁)
14.A is recognized as B.(A 被认作B。)
75.A is known as B.(A以B闻名。)→ as作'当作, 担任, 以......解。
16.of this kind(此类)[of this kind =this kind of]
17.the contributions to...(对...的贡献)
18.as if 的用法
Unit 6 Mainly revision
1.whatever等的用法:
2.look round(仔细查看、环顾四周)
3.sooner or later(迟早)
4.add to(增添)
5.a certain kind of stamp(某种邮票)
Unit 7 Canada
1.all the year round(一年到头)
2.be famous for(因...而著名)
3.a great deal of(大量)
4.natural gas(天然气)
5.make use of =to use(利用)
6.refer to(谈到、提及、有关)
7.a type of(一种类型的...)
8.clear up(整理、收拾)
9.from time to time(有时、不时)
10.at the end(of...)(在...)尽头
11.drive away(把车)开走
12.generally speaking(一般地说)
13.struggle against(开展斗争反对...)
14.one third of(...的三分之一)
15.speak the same way(用相同的方式说话)
Unit 8 First aid
1.don't have to(do sth.)(不必干某事)
2.lay, lie的用法
3.fall off(跌倒;减少)
4.knock off(one's feet)(把...击倒)
5.deal with(对付;处理)
6.throw up(呕吐)
7.mouth-to-mouth(嘴对嘴)
8.out of one's reach(够不着)
9.ought to(应该)
10.pay attention to(注意)
11.take it easy(别紧张)
12.by mistake(弄误会)
13.hold up(举起)
Unit 9
Saving the earth
1.so that → 以便、为了
2.turn A into B(把A变成B)
3.in place(在适当的位置)
4.be fit for(适合于)
5.blow away(刮走)
6.a power station(发电站)
7.lose one's sight(失去视力)
8.die out(消失)
9.go off(走开)
10.point to(指着)
11.to one's joy(使某人高兴的是)
12.a cloud of...(一层...)
13.the injured(受伤的人)
14.a well-kept secret(严守的秘密)
15.be/keep busy doing sth.(忙于做某事)
Unit 10 At the shop
1.名词短语/祈使句 + and结构的用法
2.at a tailor's shop(在裁缝店)
3.or else(否则;要不然)
4.change A for B(用A交换B)
5.be after A(追求A;想得到A)
6.do someone a favour(to do sth.)(帮某人一个忙)
7.make...to one's own measure(根据或适合某人的尺寸做...)
8.put down(抄下, 记下)
9.drop in(有不速之客来访)
10.show sb.out(送某人出去)
11.depend on/upon(依靠)
12.once upon a time(从前)
13.at the bottom(在底部)
14.come off(从...离开;脱落)
15.try something on(试穿)
16.have...on sh.(身上带着...)
17.judge someone by his looks(以貌取人)
18.put sb.to the trouble of doing sth.(给某人增加做某事的麻烦)
19.just a moment(稍等一下)
20.just the thing(正是此物)
21.do some research about A(对A展开研究工作)
22.do up the buttons(扣上扣子)
23.laugh at(嘲笑, 不认真对待)
24.A is suitable for B.(A适合B。)
Unit 11
Hurricane!
1.There's no need to do...(没必要做...)
2.不把before译成“在......以前”的用法
3.be anxious about(为A而忧虑)
4.push over(推倒)
5.blow down(刮倒)
6.as well as(也;和;此外)
7.cut off(切断)
8.cut down(削减、放倒)
9.call in(召来)
10.blow over(吹倒)
11.take the place of(取代、代替某人职务)
12.clear away(把...清理)
13.once again(再次)
14.long hours(长时间)
15.add A to B(把A加在B上)
16.see to(处理、照料)
17.bring down(取下)
18.something the matter(出错)
19.offer sth.to sb.(向某人提供某物)
20.later on(随后)
Unit 12 Mainly revision
1.the other day(几天前)
2.for one thing 首先(用于说明理由)
3.stare at(凝视)
4.hold one's breath(屏住呼吸)
5.carry off(夺走)
6.throw at(向...投去)
7.so as to(以便、为了)
8.struggle to one's feet(挣扎着站起来)
9.fall over(跌倒、倒下)
10.speed up(加速)
11.put something in order(把某物摆放整齐)外研版高中英语必修5重点短语
必修5 词组 1
Module 1.1.It is obvious(to sb.)that 2.confuse A with/and B 3.be confused by sth.4.in confusion 5.compare...with...6.compare...to 7.comepared to/with 8.variety of=varieties of 9.differ from sb./sth.10.differ in...11.have sth.in common(with sb./sth.)12.have a lot/much/a great deal in common with...13.have nothing/little in common with...14.in common with sb./sth.15.make a difference 16.make some difference to...17.make much difference to...18.make no difference to...19.be similar to 20.be similar in 21.have some/much difficulty(in)doing sth.22.have some/much difficulty with sth.23.with difficulty 24.lead to sb.doing sth.25.lead sb.to do sth.26.announce sth.to sb.=announce to sb.sth 27.add...to...28.add to 29.add up...30.add up to...31.make an announcement 32.at present 33.make an attempt to do sth.34.make an attempt at doing sth.35.at one’s first attempt 36.attempt at(doing)sth.37.in favour of 38.do sb.a favour 39.ask sb.a favour =ask a favour of sb 40.in sb.’s favour 41.refer to...as...42.refer to 43.make(a)reference(s)to 44.now(that)+ 句子 Module 2 1.to one’s satisfaction 2.offer one’s hand 3.offer sb.sth.=offer sth.to sb.4.show/have respect for sb.=respect sb.5.give/send my respects to sb.6.in all respects 7.pass by 8.pass away 9.pass down 10.pass on 11.take...for granted 12.take it/things easy 13.take one’s time 14.in particular 15.be particular about/over...16.have an effect on...17.take up 18.when(1)Sb.was about to do sth.when...=Sb.was on the point of doing sth.when...某人正要干某事时,这时…….(2)Sb.was doing sth.when...某人正在干某事时,这
时……(3)Sb.had(just)done sth.when...某人刚干完某事时,这时…… 19.apply(to sb.)for sth.20.apply sth.to sth.21.apply to...22.apply oneself to...23.sth.require doing/to be done 24.require sb.to do sth.25.require that...(should)do sth.26.in great demand 27.meet/satisfy one’s demand(s)28.demand to do sth.29.demand that...(should)do sth.30.in response to 31.make/give a response to 32.make/give no response to Module 3 1.on account of 2.on no account 3.take sth.into account =take account of sth.4.account for 5.lie-lay-lain-lying lie-lied-lied-lying lay – laid –laid – laying 6.The boy lying on the ground lied that his cock laid an egg.7.get into(a)panic 8.be at/in a panic 9.be curious about 10.out of curiosity 11.satisfy one’s curiosity 12.have connection with 13.have a direct/close/strong connection with 14.have sth./nothing to do with 15.be related to 16.to one’s astonishment 17.to one’s surprise 18.to one’s excitement 19.to one’s disappointment 20.to one’s sorrow 21.to one’s joy 22.to one’s satisfaction
必修5 词组 2
23.warn sb.about/of sth.24.warn sb.not to do sth.=warn against doing sth 25.be determined to do sth.26.force sb.to do sth.=force sb.into doing sth 27.force sth.on/upon sb.28.play a trick on sb.29.make fun of sb.30.make up 31.be/feel in the mood for(doing)sth =be/feel in the mood to do sth.32.in a bad/good mood 33.be set in 34.set off 35.set out to do sth.36.set about doing sth.37.set sth.aside 38.set up 39.resemble … in… Module 4 1.hide sth.from sb.2.come to an end 3.put an end to 4.bring...to an end 5.in the end 6.date back to=date from 7.dress up 8.dress up as...9.dress up in red 10.dress sb.(oneself)11.be dressed in white 12.make...with...13.make...on...14.consist of 15.give up 16.give away 17.give back 18.give in to 19.give off 20.give out 21.take in 22.take off 23.take on 24.take place 25.take up 26.There is/was no need for sb.to do 27.There is no possibility that...… 28.There is no doubt that...29.There is no point in doing sth.Module 5 1.retire from 2.perform one’s promise 3.perform an operation on sb.4.have an advantage over 5.have an advantage in 6.take advantage of 7.to sb’s advantage 8.have the advantage of 9.give sb.a guarantee 10.under guarantee 11.on the increase 12.together with 13.increase by 14.increase(from…)to 15.by chance 16.take a chance/chances 17.protest against/about/at 18.declare sth.(to be)sth.19.declare war on/against sb.20.declare against 21.declare for 22.declare that...23.So what? 24.rise to one’s feet 25.pick up 26.That’s not the point 27.to the point 28.off the point 29.There’s no point in...Module 6 1.protect...from/agai
nst...2.prevent...from stop...from keep...from 3.be worthy of sth 4.sth.be worthy of being done =sth.be worthy to be done 5.on the stop 6.in good condition 7.in bad/poor condition 8.on one condition 9.on condition that 10.on no condition 11.in danger of 12.out of danger 13.be in fashion 14.be/go out of fashion 15.take aim at 16.aim sth.at 17.aim at 18.aim to do 19.be aimed at 20.involve sb.in 21.be involve in 22.focus on 23.focus one’s attention/eyes on 24.be concerned with 25.as/so far as I’m concerned 26.as far as sth.is concerned 27.stand for 28.set up 29.set about 30.set off 31.set down 32.set out(+ to do)
Module 1.1.从句 对某人来说,……是显然的
2.把A和B相混淆 3.被…….搞糊涂了 4.困惑的;困窘地 5.和……比较 6.把……比作 7.和……相比(作状语)8.各种各样的
9.与某人或某物有区别,相异 10.在某方面不同
11.和某人或某物有相同之处 12.与……有很多共同之处 13.与……没有/很少有共同之处 14.和……一样 15.有关系;有重要性; 16.对……有些关系
17.关系重大;有重大影响 18.对……没有关系 19.与……相似 20.在……方面相似
21.做某事有些/很多困难 22.做某事有一些/很多困难 23.困(艰)难地 24.使得某人做某事 25.使得某人去做某事 26.向某人宣布某事 27.把……加到……中 28.增加
29.合计;加起来 30.总计
31.发表声明,通知 32.现在;目前 33.试图做某事
34.试图(尝试)做某事 35.第一次尝试 36.尝试(做)某事 37.同意,支持,拥护 38.帮某人一个忙 39.请求某人帮忙 40.有助于某人 41.称……为…… 42.参考 43.提及,论及 44.由于;既然 Module 2 1.使某人感到满意的是 2.伸出手 3.为某人提供某物 4.尊敬某人
5.请代我向某人问好/致意 6.无论从哪方面来看 7.经过;从……旁经过 8.去世;(时间等)消磨掉,过去 9.把……一代传一代;流传 10.传递 11.认为…...理所当然
12.轻松,放松 13.慢慢来,不着急 14.尤其,特别地 15.对……讲究/挑剔 16.对……有影响 17.站好位置以备……
18.用作并列连词时,常用下列句型:
19.(向某人)申请某物 20.把……应用于…… 21.适用于…… 22.致力于…… 23.某物需要被做…… 24.要求某人做某事 25.要求做某事 26.需求很大
27.满足某人的需要 28.要求做某事 29.要求某人做某事 30.作为……的回应 31.对…...做出反应 32.对…不予回答/理解 Module 3
1.因为
2.决不,在任何条件下都不 3.把某事考虑在内 4.做出解释,提出理由 5.平躺;位于 说谎 放置; 产卵
6.躺在地上的小男孩撒谎说他的公鸡下了一只蛋。7.陷入恐慌状态 8.在恐慌中 9.对……好奇,感兴趣 10.出于好奇
11.满足某人的好奇心 12.与…有联系/有关联
13.与…有直接/密切/牢固的联系 14.与…有关/与…无关 15.与…有关
16.令某人吃惊的是 17.令某人吃惊的是 18.令某人激动的是 19.令人失望的是 20.令人难过的是 21.令人高兴的是 22.令人满意的是 23.警告某人某事 24.警告某人不要做某事 25.决心做某事 26.强迫某人做某事 27.把…强加于某人 28.拿某人开玩笑,捉弄某人 29.嘲笑某人;取笑某人 30.编造;组成;和解;化妆;弥补… 31.有心情做某事
2014年全国注册建造师考试
建设工程造价管理
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建设工程造价案例分析
建设工程技术与计量
必修5 词组 2
32.情绪不好/很好 33.以…为背景
34.出发;引爆,使爆炸 35.开始做某事 36.开始/着手做某事
37.把某物放在一边;省出; 38.建立;设立;创立 39.在…方面像… Module 4 1.隐藏某物不让人发现; 对某人隐瞒某事 2.完结
3.结束,终止 4.使…结束 5.终于;最后 6.追溯到,开始于 7.装扮;打扮 8.装扮成… 9.穿上红色的衣服 10.给某人穿衣 11.穿着白色衣服 12.用…在…做标记 13.在…上做…记号 14.由…组成;由…构成 15.放弃 16.赠送 17.归还;恢复健康 18.向…让步,屈服于 19.发出,放出(气体,气味等)20.分发(试卷等),筋疲力尽 21.收留 22.脱掉(衣服);飞机(起飞)23.显现;承担(工作,责任等)24.发生
25.开始从事;继续,接下去 26.某人没有必要做… 27.不可能… 28.毫无疑问… 29.做某事没有意义 Module 5 1.从…退休,从…退役 2.履行承诺 3.给某人做手术 4.比…有优势 5.在…方面占优势 6.利用
7.对某人有利 8.有…的优势
9.给某人保证/承诺 10.在保修期内 11.正在增加 12.加之,连用;和,与
13.增加了(表示增加的比率)14.(从…)增长到…(表示增加后的结果)15.偶然的,意外的,碰巧 16.碰运气/冒险 17.反对…,抗议…
18.宣布某物是…,断言…为… 19.对…宣战 20.表示反对… 21.表示赞同 22.声明,郑重地说
23.(非正式)那又怎样呢?结果怎样? 24.站起身 25.把…扶起来;接某人;收听;好转
26.那不是关键;没有说到点子上 27.很得要领的;中肯的 28.离题的 29.干…没有用;干…没有意义 Module 6 1.保护…免受 2.阻止某人做某事 3.值得…,配得上… 4.某事值得做 5.当场,在现场 6.状况良好,保存得好 7.状况不佳,破烂不堪 8.有一个条件 9.如果,条件是,只要 10.绝不
11.有…的危险 12.脱离危险 13.在流行 14.不流行/过时
第五篇:小升初英语知识点汇总
小升初英语知识点汇总
1.现在进行时表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作,常与now, listen, look等词连用,结构是主语+be动词(am, is, are)+动词ing.如:It is raining now.It is six o’clock now.My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.Look!The children are having a running race now.Listen!Who is singing in the music room.问句将be动词移前,否定句在be动词后+not.2.一般现在时表示经常反复发生的事情或动作,常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…)on Sundays等词连用。结构是主语+动词原形;当主语为第三人称单数即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时,动词后加s或es.如:We have an English lesson every day.My brother often catches insects at the weekends.Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.Ben doesn’t do well in PE.问句借助于do, does否定句借助于don’t, doesn’t,后面动词一定要还原。
3.一般过去时表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与just now;a moment ago;… ago;yesterday;last(week;month;year;Monday;weekend);this morning等词连用,结构是主语+be动词的过去式(was;were)或主语+动词的过去式。注意:be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。
如:My earphones were on the ground just now.Where were you last week? I was at a camp.What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm
问句有be动词将be动词移前,没有be动词借助于did,后面动词还原;否定句有be动词在后面加not,没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。
4.一般将来时表示将要打算发生的事情或动作,常与tomorrow, next week(year;Tuesday…), this week(weekend;evening;afternoon;…)today等词连用。结构是主语+be(am, is, are)going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。
如:What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.My sister is going to play the piano at the concert.The children are going to have a sports meeting next week.Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.问句将be动词或will移前;否定句在be动词或will后加not.5.情态动词can;can’t;should;shouldn’t;must;may后一定加动词原形。如:The girl can’t swim, but he can skate.Don’t talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.6.肯定祈使句以动词原形开头;否定祈使句以don’t加动词原形开头。如:Open the box for me ,please.请为我打开盒子。Liu Tao!Please get up earlier tomorrow.刘涛,明天请早点起床!Don’t walk on the grass!不要在草地上走!Helen!Don’t climb the tree,please.海伦!不要爬树。
7.去干嘛用go +动词ing 如: go swimming;go fishing;go skating;go camping;go running;go skiing;go rowing…
8.than 前用比较级;as…as之间用原级。如:My mother is two years younger than my father.我妈比我爸年轻两岁。Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.刘涛跳得和本一样远。
9.喜欢做某事用like +动词ing或like+ to + 动原。如: Su Yang likes growing flowers.苏阳喜欢种花。The children like to
play with lanterns at Spring Festival.孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。
10.想要做某事用 would like +to+动原或want + to +动原。
I’d like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum.11.some 用于肯定句中,在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用如:Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?
12.人称代词主格做主语用,一般放在句首或动词前,主格分别是 I you he she it we you they。宾格做宾语用,一般放在动词或介词后如:Open them for me.Let us …, join me等。宾格分别是me you him her it us
you them。形容词性物主代词放在名词前,不能单独使用,分别是my your his her its our your their。名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词,它只能单独使用后面不好加名词,分别是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。
13.介词后要么不加动词,加动词只能加动词ing形式,如:be good at running;do well in jumping;
14.季节前,月份前用介词in,如:in summer;in March,具体的哪一天如星期几,几月几日用介词on如:on Saturday;on the second of April;on Wednesday
morning,在几点钟前用介词at如: at a quarter to four;只在上下午晚上用in 如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;但在夜间用at night。另:季节,月份和星期前不好加the.15.名词复数构成的方法有规则的有(1)直接在名词后加s如orange—oranges;photo—photos;(2)以x, s, sh, ch 结尾的加es如:box—boxes;glass—glasses;waitress—waitresses;
watch—watches;peach--peaches(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es如:study—studies;library—libraries;hobby—hobbies;family—families;(4)以f, fe结尾的改f, fe 为v+es如:knife—knives;thief—thieves(注:以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es, mango—mangoes其余加s,)不规则的有:man—men;woman—women;people—people;child—children
16.动词第三人称单数的构成(1)直接在动词后加s如:run—runs;
dance—dances(2)以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es如:do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es如:study—studies;carry—carries;
17.现在分词的构成(1)直接在动词后加ing如:sing—singing;ski—skiing;(2)双写词尾加ing如:swim—swimming;
jog—jogging;run—running;(3)以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing如:ride—riding;dance—dancing;make—making;
18.规则动词过去式的构成(1)直接在动词后加ed,如:clean—cleaned;milk—milked;play—played;(2)以e结尾的直接加d如:dance—danced;taste—tasted;(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed如:study—studied;carry—carried;(4)双写词尾加ed如:stop—stopped;jog—jogged;
不规则的有am,is—was;are—were;do,does—did;have,has—had;go—went;meet—met;sit—sat;see—saw;get—got;tell—told;run—ran;come—came;steal—stole;read—read;
19.形容词副词比较级的构成规则的(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er如;small—smaller;low—lower;(2)以e结尾的加r如:late—larer;(3)双写词尾加er 如:big—bigger;thin—thinner;fat—fatter;(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er如:heavy—heavier;early—earlier;
不规则的有:good, well—better(最高级为best);many, much---more(最高级为most);far---farther;
20.rain与snow的用法(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词如:There is a lot of rain there in spring.那儿的春天有很多雨水。(2)作为动词意思是下雨和下雪,有四种形式分别是动词原形rain; snow,第三人称单数rains ;snows,现在分词raining; snowing和过去式rained; snowed;如:①Look!It
is raining now.瞧!天正在下雨。②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天经常下雨。③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。④It is going to rain tomorrow.明天要下雨。(3)形容词为rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的如:It is often rainy here in spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。If it is rainy tomorrow, I’ll stay at home.如果明天是有雨的,我将呆在家里。
21.比较级时注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。如:My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine.My computer is nicer than Nancy’s.My brother is stronger than me.22.have, has 表示某人有(has用于第三人称单数);There is/ are;
There was/ were 表示某地存在有,注意There be 句型的就近原则,单数或不可数用there is /was;复数用there are/ were.23.眼镜glasses;耳机earphones;鞋shoes;裤子trousers等词本身是复数。如:My glasses were on the chair just now.但如果表示这双,这副,一双的时候用单数如:There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate.This pair of earphones is for you.24.五个元音字母分别是Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;
25.a用于辅音音素前;an 用于元音音素前。如:There is an ’s’, a ‘t’, a ‘u’, a ‘d’ ,an ‘e’, an ‘n’,and a ‘t’ in the word ‘student’.26.时间表示法有两种(!)直接读时钟和分钟。如6:10读成 six ten;
7:30读成seven thirty;8:45读成eight forty-five;(2)用to与past表示。在半小时包括半小时以内用几分past几点如:6:10读成ten past six;7:30读成half past seven;过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分,如7:45读成a quarter to eight;9:50读成ten to ten;
27.基数词变序数词的方法:基变序有规律,结尾加上th;一二三特殊例,结尾字母tdd(即first, second, third);八去t,九去e,ve要用f替(即eigh—eighth;nine—ninth;five--fifth;twelve—twelfth);ty改y为ie后加th别忘记(即整十数如twenty—twentieth;forty—fortieth);几十几十位为基个位为序(如第二十一为twenty-first)。另外强调序数词前一定要加the。
28.日期的表示法用the+序数词+ of +月如三月三日 the third of March;12月25日 the 25th of December.29.both 表示两者都,如:My parents are both teachers.all表示三者以上都如:The students are all very excited.30.有day的节日前用on.没有day的节日前用at, 如:at Christmas;on Christmas Day;at New Year;on New Year’s Day.31.excited表示激动的,兴奋地主语是人;exciting表示令人激动的,令人兴奋的主语是事情如:The running race is very exciting, so all the students are very excited.赛跑非常令人激动,因此所有的学生都很激动。
32.两者比较用比较级,三者以上比较用最高级如:Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does.谁跑得更快,男孩还是女孩?男孩。Which season do you like best? I like autumn
best.你最喜欢哪个季节?我最喜欢秋天。Which season do you
like better, summer or winter? I like winter better.你更喜欢哪个季节,夏天还是冬天?我更喜欢冬天。
33.前面用了do, does did, don’t, doesn’t didn’t后面动词要还原。如:Did she watch TV last night?Helen doesn’t like taking photos.34.到达用get to,但注意到家,到这儿,到那儿不可以加
to,如:get home;get here;get there, 另外go home;come here;go there也一样。35.长着什么用with如:the girl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩;穿着什么用in如:the man in black穿黑衣服的男人或the woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的妇女
36.让某人做某事用let sb后加动词原形如:Let’s water the flowers together.是该做…的时候了用It’s time for+名词或It’s time to +动原。帮助某人做某事是help sb with sth如:帮我学英语是 help me with my English
37.外来的东西在树上用in the tree如:the bird in the tree;树上长的用on the tree如:the apples on the tree
38.球类之前不好加the;乐器之前必须加the 如:play the piano;play football
39.一周中的第一天是Sunday;一年中的第一个月是January。
40.get后加比较级表示变得更怎么样如:get stronger;get longer