海天2014年春季四级串讲讲义答案

第一篇：海天2014年春季四级串讲讲义答案

海天教育2014年春季英语四级串讲讲义答案 传统阅读理解考点串讲

观点态度处：DAA

C

长难句与特殊结构处CCDA

指代处B

让步转折处

BCA

结论处D

因果关系处

B

B33 C34 D

Passage One

57---61C D D D A

Passage Two

62----66B D B A C

Passage Three

62---66A B D A C

选词填空串讲

E48 I49 F50 D

J52 B 53 L54 H 55 C56 G

长篇阅读串讲H2 E3 B4 D5 B6 G7 F8 C9 A10 G

翻译串讲：

四级翻译样题：

Paper cutting is one of China’s most popular traditional folk arts.Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years.It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings.During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular , paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere.The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity.Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends.翻译冲刺练习一

China is a developing country with a strong sense of responsibility.We are ready to make contribution to promote win-win cooperation for sustainable development.A sound and rapidly growing Chinese economy is helpful for the economic development of the region and that of the world at large.With an average annual growth rate of 9.4% in the past 20 years of reform and opening up, China has succeeded in meeting the basic needs for food, clothing and shelter of its population and providing, on the whole, a moderately comfortable livelihood for its over one billion people.China’s economy right now is in good shape, though not problem-free.Thanks to our macro-economic measures, the unhealthy and unstable factors in the economy have been brought under effective control.翻译冲刺练习二

Hangzhou, one of China’s six well-known ancient capital cities, has a history of more than 2,000 years.It is famous not only for its natural beauty but also for its charm of cultural traditions.Besides, many poems and inscriptions in its praise by men of letters through the dynasties, it also boasts local delicacies and pretty handicrafts.Generally speaking, a two-day tour of West Lake and scenic spots around it is advisable for a tourist.As a tourist, you will find it a pleasant and culturally rewarding trip to Hangzhou.

第二篇：海天作文讲义

海天作文讲义.txt花前月下，不如花钱“日”下。叶子的离开，是因为风的追求还是树的不挽留？干掉熊猫，我就是国宝！别和我谈理想，戒了！综上所述，考生一定要洞悉考研英语大纲对写作部分的高分标准涉及以下六个方面：

1． 内容切题。审题准、不跑题。文不对题会严重影响成绩，导致写作失败。

2． 表达清楚。语言要简洁、准确，条理清楚；主题明确。

3． 意义连贯。遣词造句得当，表达连贯平稳。论点论据展开合理（以因果，对比，分类，定义，列举，概括，详情，时间，空间，过程或综合等方法展开）。

4． 句式有变化。采用适当的句式来表达相应的内容。常用句式包括简单句；并列句；复合句；主被动句；长句；短句；否定句；双重否定句；疑问句；反问句；倒装句；强调句；插入语；独立主格成分等。

5． 用词有变化。避免重复使用同一词汇，可适当使用代词；同义词；近义词；关联词；使表达富有动感。同义词的使用是衡量考生语言运用能力的一个尺度。

6． 语言规范。符合英语的表达习惯，语法错误少，写出的英语不是中式英语。

妙笔生花：

（一）与英语词语活用相关的写作技巧

1、转换成动词

汉语中经常出现动词，这是汉语的特征，但是在英语中，谓语动词出现的次数远远少于汉语。例如：

（1）Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.火箭己经用来探索宇宙。(名词转换为动词)

（2）The fact that she was able to send a message was a hint，but l had to be cautious.她能够给我带个信儿这件事就是个暗示，但是我必须小心谨慎。(形容词转换为动词)

（3）Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life.医生们说他们不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。(形容词转换为动词)

注意：英语中表示知觉、情欲、欲望等心理状态的形容词，在系动词后作表语用时，往往可转换成动词。如：confident, certain, careful, cautious, angry, sure, ignorant, afraid, doubtful, aware, concerned, glad, delighted, sorry, ashamed, thankful, anxious等。

（4）She opened the window to let fresh air in.她把窗子打开，让新鲜空气进来。(副词转换为动词)

2、转换为名词

（1）To them, he personified the absolute power.在他们看来，他就是绝对权威的化身。(动词转换为名词)

（2）This solar cell is only 7% efficient.这只太阳能电池的效率只有7%。(形容词转换为名词)

（3）They made every effort to help the sick and the wounded.他们尽了最大的努力帮助病号和伤员。(形容词转换为名词)

（4）The new type of machine is shown schematically above.上图所示是这种新型机器的简图。（副词转换成名词）

3、转换为形容词

（1）Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.独立思考对学习是绝对必需的。(名词转换为形容词)

（2）The pallor of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment.她苍白的脸色清楚地表明了她那时的情绪。(名词转换为形容词)

（3）The engineer had prepared meticulously for his design.工程师为这次设计做了十分周密的准备。（副词转换成形容词）

（4）Most teenagers feel no difficulty in learning and operating computers.绝大部分青少年在学习和操作电脑方面并不觉得困难。（名词转换成形容词）

4、其它词类互换

（1）The old professor is physically weak but mentally sound.这位年迈的教授身体虽弱，但思想健康。(副词转换为名词)

（2）The film impressed me deeply.这部电影给了我深刻的印象。(动词转换为名词，副词转换为形容词。)

（3）It was a clear and unemotional exposition of the President's reasons for willing to begin a Chinese-American dialogue.这篇发言清楚明白、心平气和地说明了总统希望开始中美对话的原因。

（形容词与副词的转换）

（4）The new mayor earned some appreciation by the courtesy of coming to visit the city poor.新市长有礼貌地前来访问城市贫民，获得了他们的一些好感。（名词转换成副词）

（二）与兼有状语特点的定语从句相关的写作技巧

有的定语从句，意义上有状语特点，说明原因、结果、目的、让步、假设等逻辑关系，考生应该在写作时予以注意。

1、表原因

We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in more rays of light than ours, can see things clearly at night.我们知道，由于猫的眼睛比我们人的眼睛吸收更多的光线，所以猫在黑夜也能看很清楚。

2、表结果

There was something original, independent, and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them.这个方案富于创造性，独出心裁，很有魄力，所以使他们都喜欢。

3、表让步

He insisted on building another house, which he had no use for.他坚持要再造一栋房子，尽管他并无此需要。

4、表目的

I have not given up my efforts to get a passport that will enable me to visit that country.我没有放弃努力来争取一张护照，以便访问那个国家。

5、表条件

Men become desperate for work, any work which will help them to keep alive their families.人们极其迫切要求工作，不管什么工作，只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。

（三）高分模板的启示

说明文（Increase and Decrease）

As is shown in the pictures(graphs/ tables/ data/ figures), we may see clearly that with the increase of„, the number of„ has dramatically decreased.In one picture, there were a great deal of„in 1900.Contrary to this, in 2010 there are „

The purpose of the pictures(graphs/ tables/ data/ figures)is to show us that great concern has to be given to„ Owing to„，the number of„ has reached„

Therefore, it is demanding for us to take effective actions.For one thing, we should appeal to our government to build up rigid laws to„ For another, we ought to enhance(enforce/ strengthen/ enlarge)the understanding of„ Only by doing so can we achieve the final success!

第二章 历届考研英语写作命题与启示

一、历届考研英语写作命题总览

考试年代 考试题目 选题范围 1991年 WHERE TO LIVE—IN THE CITY OR THE COUNTRY？ 环境

1992年 FOR A BETTER UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN PARENTS 人际关系

AND CHILDREN

1993年 ADVERTISEMENT ON TV 传媒

1994年 ON MAKING FRIENDS 人际关系

1995年 THE

1996年 GOOD HEALTH

1997年 SMOKING

1998年 BUSINESS PROMISE AND GUARANTEE

1999年 HUMAN POPULATION AND WILDLIFE PROTECTION

2000年 WORLD COMMERCIAL FISHING

2001年 LOVE IS LIKE A LAMP

2002年 CULTURE

2003年 YOUTH DEVELOPMENT

2004年 THE END IS ALSO A NEW START

2005年 A FOOTBALL MATCH OF TAKING CARE OF PARENTS

2006年

2007年 LACK OF SELF-CONFIDENCE

2008年 THE IMPORTANCE OF COOPERATION

2009年 INTERNET AND PEOPLE

2010年 HOTPOT OF

“PROJECT HOPE” 教育 健康 健康 诚信 环境 环境 人际关系 —NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL 文化 教育 人生 道德 青年思想教育教育 人际关系 ’S COMMUNICATION 科技与生活 “CULTURE” 文化交融 THE BLIND WORSHIP OF STARS

二、历届考研英语试题类型

历届考研英语写作试题主要分为以下两大类型：

1）1991—1996年：给出提纲或开头句的命题写作（writings based on given outlines or opening sentences）

2）1997—2010年：给出提纲的图画或图表写作（writings based on visual information or pictures or graphs）

三、历届考研英语写作命题的启示

从1991年至2010年共计20年的考题来分析，我们可以对考研英语写作命题分析如下：

1）写作题目忌偏忌怪。考研英语写作选题范围都是目前人们最为关注的问题，从子女与父母的关系到健康的重要性，从近年来泛滥的行业 “承诺”到世界烟民的现状，从希望工程到电视广告，从环境保护到生物种类趋于灭绝，以及2002年和2006年的考题所涉及的国际文化交流与青少年思想教育的题目，无不反映了当前社会的热门话题。在2007年真题中的大作文里，命题组专家们又将人们面对工作中的挑战与困难的时候，应该采取什么样的态度提了出来让考生进行思考。面对社会的激烈竞争，人与人之间的交往需要些什么？针对这个人际关系问题，命题组专家在2008年的大作文命题中突出了“你一条腿，我一条腿；你我一起，走南闯北。”这样一个有关合作的重要性的主题。在2009年考研英语中，考生可以看到命题组专家又将目光投向了我们的生活。网络早已经成为了新世纪高科技的代名词。而利用哲学思想看待问题会使得我们去思考网络于我们的积极与消极两方面的影响。今年更是紧扣上海世博会概念打出了一张“文化交融”的王牌。

2）文体基本上是说明文和议论文。考这类体裁的写作比较符合形式发展的实际需要。在学习，工作和生活中，人们所书写的材料大多也是说明文或议论文。

3）出题形式在平稳中逐渐趋于多样化。

4）写作题目易于理解。写作题目无论以文字的形式还是以图表，图画的形式出现都会浅显易懂。考生不会因题目中出现生词或难以理解的短语而影响正常发挥。

四、考研英语文章段落的写作和常规整体构建模式

（一）文章段落的写作

一篇文章可由几个自然段组成。文章中的句子和段落均为文章的中心思想服务，形成一个有机的整体。好的段落必须是意思完整，语义连贯，完全体现文章主旨中心，同时又是层次分明，结构严谨，逻辑关系应用合理的。

1、段落的组成

一个段落由三部分组成：

（1）主题句（Topic Sentence）:点出段落的主题（文章谈论的是什么）。

（2）扩展句（Developing Sentence）:说明和支持主题。

（3）结尾句（Concluding Sentence）:得出结论。

主题句

扩展句1

扩展句2 扩展句3 „„

结尾句

2、段落的主题

一篇文章有中心意思，也就是题目。而每个段落有段落主题，段落主题是为文章中心思想服务的。

每个段落只能有一个主题（central idea），它用一个句子加以表达，所以称为主题句。主题提出后需要很多结构严谨的句子来支持和说明，称为扩展句。最后得出一个结论，并用一个结尾句表达。参看下面段落：

This is supposed to be an enlightened age, but you wouldn’t think so if you could hear what the average man thinks of the average women.Women won their independence years ago.After a long, bitter struggle, they now enjoy the same educational opportunities as men in most parts of the world.They have proved repeatedly that they are equal and often superior to men in almost every field.The hard-fought battle for recognition has been won, but it is by no means over.It is men, not women who still carry on the sex war because their attitude remains basically hostile.Even in the most progressive societies, women continue to be regarded as second-rate citizens.To hear some men talk, you’d think that women belonged to a different species!

3、写好主题句

定义：主题句为一个完整的句子，用以概括、叙述和说明该段的主题。

位置：主题句一般位于段首，也可置于段尾或段中，考生最好放在段首，这样较易掌握和构思。

例如： 位于段首：在英文中，大部分段落的第一句便是主题句。开门见山地提出问题，后面的扩展句围绕主题句加以说明、支持、补充和解释。

An important part of police strategy, rapid police response is seen by police officers and the public alike as offering tremendous benefits.The more obvious the abilities of police to apply first aid life saving techniques quickly, the greater likelihood of arresting people who may have participated in a crime.It aids in identifying those who witnessed an emergency or crime as well as in collecting evidence.The overall reputation of a police department too is enhanced if rapid response is consistent and this in itself promotes the prevention of crime.Needless to say rapid response offers the public some degree of satisfaction in its police force.位于段尾：主题句位于段尾便于总结全段的内容，给读者以深刻的印象，是写作中的一种演绎方法。

At present rates of demand, the world has enough oil to last for more than 40 years, enough gas for more than 60 years and enough coal for more than 230 years.Naturally, demand will increase;but so will reserves as companies explore more widely and costs fall.Since 1970 viable reserves of oil have almost doubled while those of gas have leapt three-fold.One distant day a crunch will come, but as it approaches fossil-fuel prices will rise, making alternative forms of energy, perhaps including nuclear power, competitive.That is no reason to spend on nuclear now.位于段中：位于段中的主题句起承上启下的作用，这类主题句多起转折作用，一般由“but, however, yet, anyhow, nevertheless”等词连接，用于引起下文。

What we teach ourselves sometimes, indeed, is more useful than what we learn from others.Some great men had little or no schooling.But these great men probably studied harder by themselves than most boys do in school.The greatest minds are not necessarily those who have never been able to distinguish themselves at school, but have been very successful in life later.It has been said that Wellington and Napoleon were both dull boys at school, and so were Newton and Albert Einstein.无主题句：有的段落中无主题句，段落的主题思想通过文章内容来提示，这种方法能促使读者对文章内容进行思考和分析，但考生一般不宜在考试中采用这种方法：

Money may be deposited or withdrawn from branches of the credit unions and banks during business hours from Monday to Friday(but not on public holidays)or 24 hours a day from the many on-campus automatic teller machines.Business hours for financial institutions vary, but credit unions are usually open from 9 am to 5 pm weekdays, and, generally, banks are open from 9.30 am to 4 pm(5 pm on Fridays).Some services are available on Saturday mornings in selected areas.While prices often compare favorably with prices overseas, because Australia is a large and exciting country it is very easy to overspend, especially if on a tight budget.温馨提示：

写好主题句的方法：

1）主题句要概括一定内容，不要空泛，否则扩展句将难以说明和支持它，例如：

空泛：English language is very important.概括：English language is very important in our daily life.空泛：The Olympic Games are exciting.概括：In the Olympic Games the football teams from many countries compete intensely.2）尽量使用简单句或简洁明了的句子，例如：：

简洁：Collecting stamps is her hobby.复杂: She likes collecting stamps which is her hobby.简洁: I enjoyed watching Gone with the wind very much.复杂：Gone with the wind was a good film which I enjoyed watching very much.3）主题句应该做到句子完整和表达的主题思想完整，：例如：

不完整：How to write a composition.完整：How to write a composition is not an easy thing to talk about.不完整：If the weather had been fine.完整：If it had been fine, we would have had a good time.4）关键词是直接表达主题的词汇，它决定段落的内容和展开的方法，引导整个段落的发展，例如：

There are several ways to boil the water.The task can be finished in three steps.There is a new method to reduce the cost.4、写好扩展句和段落

围绕主题句展开，支持、说明和阐述主题句的句子便是扩展句。扩展句紧扣主题句中的关键词而展开，句子与句子之间逻辑清楚，上下转承结合得当，简明扼要，重点突出。一般来说，每个自然段除了主题句与结尾句之外，还包含了3－6个扩展句。所以，写好了扩展句便基本上完成一个自然段落。

做题时，一旦定下了主题和关键词，作者便按照自己的思路来组织段落中的句子，句子之间要具有连贯性，就必须由一系列的逻辑关系构成，例如：并列关系，因果关系，递进关系，转折关系，解释关系，概括关系，顺序关系，让步关系，对照、比较关系，转换关系等等，这些逻辑关系可由一系列的过渡词（transitional words）来完成。过渡词在句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间起到承上启下的作用，使句子或段落之间的衔接自然、连贯，逻辑合理，结构严谨，因此极为重要。

常用的几种扩展句和段落写作模式关联表达方法：

表示因果关系常用的表达方法有：

because, since, as, seeing that, the reason why„, because of, on account of , due to, so, thus, hence, therefore, accordingly, consequently, so that, as a result of, in consequence of, result in, result from, lead to, so„as to, owing to, to have an effect on, for the reason, in this way等。

表示列举或例证法常用的表达方法有：

for example, for instance, for one thing, for another, to illustrate, one example is, to begin with, first, second, furthermore, besides, in addition, moreover, finally, in conclusion, in summary, also, a case in point, as an illustration, incidentally, namely, that is等。

表示比较对比关系常用的表达方法有：

similarly, likewise, like, too, equally important, the same as, in common, in the same way, on the contrary, on one hand, on the other hand, otherwise, in sharp contrast, whereas, rather than, conversely, instead, in/by contrast, but, however, yet, nevertheless

表示分类法常用的表达方法有：

to divide„into, to classify„into, group„into, to fall into classes, there are„kinds(types, groups, classes, categories, sorts)of, according to, in terms of, depending on, at the level of等。

表示定义常用的表达方法有：

what is„？, to be defined as, to refer to, the definition of„is„, to be used to describe, in a very real sense, this is, this means, be explained, it states that, in other words, namely等。

表示总结关系常用的表达方法有：

generally speaking, generally, as a general rule, in general, on a larger scale, to take the idea further, to take the above opinion to an extreme, in a sense, in one sense, in a way, to some extent, in my opinion, in my view, as for me, as far as I am concerned, obviously, undoubtedly, in terms of, in conclusion, in short, in brief, in summary, in a word, on the whole, to sum up, to conclude.表示强调关系常用的表达方法有：

anyway, certainly, surely, obviously, to be sure, especially, particularly, above all, indeed, in fact, even worse, needless to say, most important of all, no doubt

表示空间顺序常用的表达方法有：

beyond, above, under, nearby, outside, in here, across, close to, on(to, at)the left(right), ahead of, in front of, above, from, adjacent to, against, around, at the bottom, before, behind, below, beneath, between, beyond, close at hand, close to down, far, farther, in the center of, in the distance, in the middle of, nearby, near to, next to, on the opposite side, opposite to, on top of , over, under, up等。

（二）文章的常规整体构建模式

对于考生来说，了解一点作文考试常用的文体知识很有必要。文章文体一般分为叙述文（Narration）、议论文（Argumentation）、说明文（Exposition）和描写文（Description）。在实际写作中，这几种文体常常交叉使用，相辅相成，但主体仍以一种为主，其它为辅。从考研作文试题情况来看，主要为议论文，出题形式常常是针对某一事物或现象让考生提出自己的看法。

议论文（Argumentation）

作者对某一问题或事件直接或间接地进行分析评论，表明自己的立场、观点、态度、主张，这就是议论。它常常用于学术论文，各种评论、短文、杂文、辩论等方面，应用广泛。

议论文的写作要注意三个要素：1.提出论点；2.组织论据，进行论证；3.得出结论。

常用的论证方法包括夹叙夹议法、例举法、比较对照法、因果法、逻辑推理法（包括归纳法和演绎法）。可以从正面论证，也可以从反面进行反驳。

常规整体构建模式

在一篇文章中，各自然段，各句子都为文章的中心思想服务，各段落之间，句子与句子之间存在着某种逻辑关系。文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成，在修辞中称为启、承、转、合。“启”就是开头，“承”是承接，“转”是转折，“合”是综合或总结，一篇文章与一段文章一样都有“启、承、转、合”关系。例如：

China’s entry into WTO

（启）Nowadays there has been a widespread concern among the general public over China’s entry into WTO, which is widely seen to bring us a blessing and promising future.It seems to be so at first sight.However, on reflection, we’re convinced that it’s just another double-edged sword.（承）On one hand, China is to enjoy the benefits that the organization provides us.Lower tariffs and tax rates and fewer trade barriers will facilitate our swift and efficient imports and exports and other trade activities.According to the trade clauses of the WTO, the European Union shall cut down the tax rates it imposes on our exported textile products, thus availing the arts-and-crafts companies in our country to extract more profits from the business.In a sense, the WTO means opportunity, and it sets the stage for our business to cut a brilliant figure in the international economic circles.（转）On the other hand, the entry will impose some negative effects on China.China’s national economy is set to be faced with fierce competition from the outside world.WTO pursues a relatively equal and free business environment for all its members, which poses a major challenge for our economy.Such monopolized business sectors used to enjoy protections from governments of all levels as telecommunications and banking will find themselves no longer in a “safe box”.They have to adjust or replace their current operative and marketing strategies to cope with the “outdoors” shrewd and talented competitors, or they will suffer big losses and tough time is awaiting them.（合）Whatever the reason, the early entry into WTO is beneficial to our country and our life.We should make good use of the chances and meanwhile suitably deal with the outside competition.All our efforts are to upgrade our business scales and get more integrated into the international business community.3． 图画题型写作

图画题型写作是较难的题型之一，近几年考研英语写作试题均为图画题型，故考生应该认真对待。面对此类题型，考生应首先确定主题，然后再动笔。

1）图画题型写作要点

① 考生应对图画进行全面而细致的研究，尤其注意图画中人或物（人与物）的体貌表情特征和背景，确定人物之间，人物与背景之间的主要关系，以便正确掌握图画所传达的信息。

② 如果图画以系列形式（即两幅以上）出现，考生除了掌握每一幅图画的信息，还应该对图画之间的相应联系有所理解，从而在整体上把握图画所传达的信息。

③ 面对图画题型，考生应该展开合理而丰富的联想，用生动而恰当的言辞抒发自己对图画的所思、所想、所感。

④ 注意图画题型中的文字提示。文字提示非常重要，文字提示通常十分清楚地提供一些写作要点。

⑤ 草拟提纲，合理组织材料。考生可以根据图画内容的不同采用不同的段落发展方式。如果画面内容是以描述为主，即按空间方位或时间先后顺序排列，在描述图画时，大家可以按照先写哪个部分，后写哪个部分的写作方式进行。如果画面内容是以解释说明为主，即不需要考生再将图画中所看到的人或事本身进行详细地描写，而是直接写出图画的意义，那么写作时考生应该把图画所蕴涵的含义在首段告诉读者，当然也可以在首段书写图画内涵的社会背景，为下个段落的点题做好铺垫。

⑥ 系统且突出地展开段落。展开段落要根据画面内容进行，同时也要围绕每一段的主题句进行。

⑦ 检查与修改。考生应重点检查图画内容是否准确地被表达出来，题目所给提示是否完整地反映在文章之中。如果存在与画面不相符的内容，或未能完全涵盖题目所给提示，考生应对文章做出相应修订。

2）图画题型写作试题实例

① 写作题目（2003年考研英语写作真题）

Directions:

Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should

1)describe the set of drawings, interpret its meaning, and

2)point out its implications in our life.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)

② 参考范文

The set of drawings above vividly depicts the destiny of a flower in two different living circumstances.As is shown in the first drawing, the flower is placed in a cozy green house which shelters it from the severe wind and storm.Under the proper temperature and other good conditions, the flower is growing in full bloom.In contrast, when removed from the green house and exposed to the wind and storm, the flower immediately fades and withers, with most of its petals cast about on the ground.The purpose of the drawings is to reveal the fact that the flower growing in the green house can not withstand the ordeal of the wind and storm, yet the implied meaning subtly conveyed should be taken into account more seriously.The weak flower is naturally associated with our young people, to be exact, the only children in our current society;the green house epitomizes our parents’ excessive doting care and material supplies that can protect the children from the wind and storm, to be specific, the harsh reality.Once our young people begin to seek independence and face challenges from the real competitive world, they are aware that they are found too spoiled to be strong enough to endure the hardships and difficulties of various sorts.In sum, it is essential for our young people to derive positive implications from the above thought-provoking drawings.On one hand, we can frequently employ them to enlighten ourselves to be more independent in life.On the other hand, our parents should be sensible enough to offer children more right and freedom to cope with their own troubles and problems.Only by undergoing more predicaments can young people develop strong personality and ability needed in the future, and only in this way can they eventually become winners in our competitive changing world.(307 words)

4.表格和图表题型写作

目前，表格和图表题型也是考研英语大纲中对写作部分要求的题型之一，也是难度较大的一种写作题型，故考生应对此类题型加强练习，熟练掌握。

1）表格和图表题型写作要点

① 考生应仔细研究题目以及提示信息，看准，看清图表中的数字,线条,阴影等部分 表现的趋势和走向，然后根据图表所显示的中心信息确定内容层次以及主题句。

② 考生应该仔细观察分析图表所给出的大量信息，从中选取最重要，最有代表性，最核心的信息，然后根据全文的主旨去组织运用所获取的关键信息。考生应切忌简单地罗列图表所给出的信息。

③ 表格和图表题型写作一般采用一般现在时，但如果图表给出了具体时间参照，考生则应对时态进行相应的调整。

④ 表格和图表题型要求考生使用一些固定句型和表达法，考生应对此融会贯通。

⑤ 表格和图表题型可以细分为表格，曲线图，柱型图和饼形图。除了上述共同要点，考生还应弄懂这四种图在写作方面的各自特点。

?表格形式要求考生对表格中所给出的大量数字进行比较分析，从中找出其变化规律。

?曲线图形式要求考生认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息，并且密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字和单位。

?柱型图形式要求考生通过宽度相等的柱形的高度或长度差别来判断事物的动态发展趋势，故考生应密切关注坐标线上的刻度单位及图表旁边的提示说明与文字。

?饼形图形式旨在要求考生准确理解并阐述一个被分割成大小不等切片的饼形图形所传达的信息。考生应清楚掌握部分与整体，部分与部分之间的相互关系，这种关系通常是以百分比的数字形式给出的。

⑥ 列出各段的主题句。考生可以根据所给提纲或已知信息列出每段的主题句，为全文的展开铺平道路。

⑦ 严格围绕主题句展开段落。

⑧ 检查与修改。表格与图表写作的检查与修改应着重检查文章中所列举的信息是否与图表所显示的信息一致。

2）表格和图表题型的核心句型

句型1：

As can be seen from/ in the chart/ diagram/ table,„„

句型2：

According to/ As is shown in table 1/ figure 2/ chart 3, „„

句型3：

It can be seen from the chart/ diagram/ graph/ figures/ statistics that„„

句型4：

From table/ figures/ data/ results/ information, it can/ may be seen/ concluded/ shown/ estimated/ calculated/ inferred that„„

句型5：(往往与句型6连在一起运用)

During the period 2000 to 2006, „„

From 2000 to 2006, „„

Since 2000, „„

句型6：

slight

small slow gradual steady large

dramatic

sharp

rapid sudden

rise

increase

fluctuation

decrease

decline

reduction

fall drop

There is/was/has been a

in prices

in population

in production.in income.in demand.in supply.其它句型：

a.图表作文常用的开篇句式：

（1）According to the figures given in the table + 主题句

（2）The table(pie chart, line graph, bar graph)shows that + 主题句

（3）The table indicates that + 主题句

（4）It can be seen from the table that +主题句

b.描述图表内容时常用的表达法：

（1）According to figures shown in the /graph/chart we can see/ conclude that „

（2）The graph shows/ tells/ reveals that „

（3）As is shown/ can be seen in the chart that „

（4）The table is / gives information/ about„

（5）The table represents the development and changes in „

（6）After considering the information in the table we might conclude that „

c.描述增减变化的表达法：

（1）Compared with „ it still increased by„

（2）The number of „ grew/ rose from „ to „

（3）The amount of „ will rise/ show a tendency to increase „

（4）No increase is shown in „;then came a sharp increase of „

（5）In „ the number of „.remains the same/ drops to „

d.常用细节描写句型

（1）The purpose of this picture is to show/indicate/demonstrate that „

（2）By 2005, the number of sth had doubled(tripled)compared with that of 2003.（3）The number of sth remained steady/ stable from„to„

（4）The number of sth stayed the same between„and „

（5）The figures reached a high point(a low point)of„in 2003.（6）The number of sth increased/ rose/ decreased/ dropped rapidly(slightly)from„to„（7）There was a rapid / slight increase /rise/decrease/drop in the number of sth from„to„

（8）The number of sth increased significantly from1998 to 2000.（9）The number of sth fluctuated between 100 and 300 from 1998 to 2000.（10）There was a sharp decrease in the number of „from„to„

3)表格和图表题型写作实例

① 写作题目(1999年考研英语写作真题)

Directions:

A.Study the following graphs carefully and write an essay in about 200 words.B.Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET II.C.Your essay should cover these three points:

1.effect of the country’s growing human population on its wildlife

2.possible reason for the effect

3.your suggestion for the wildlife protection

THE UPS AND DOWNS OF POPULATION GROWTH

② 参考范文

As is shown by the two graphs, during the period of time from 1800 to 1900, with the explosive growth of the U.S.population, the number of species no longer existing shot up, amounting to 70 in 1900.It is apparent that the population explosion resulted in the sharp decline in the wildlife of the country.What brought about this phenomenon?

There are, I do think, two possible reasons for the fact.To begin with, the ever-increasing population needs more land to grow crops and more space to live in.Consequently, there is less and less niche in the U.S.for wildlife.Moreover, a number of newly built factories keep discharging harmful gases and liquids, which seriously pollute the environment.This has disturbed the ecological balance, contributing to the extinction of some wildlife.In my view, three strong measures should be taken to solve the problem.In the first place, the birth rate in the U.S.must be put under control because the rapidly growing population leads to serious environmental crisis.Secondly, the U.S.government is supposed to create as many nature reserves as possible where all the native species of wild animals can be kept from being hunted and all the native species of plants can grow vigorously.Last and not least, it is urgent for the authorities to set up a foundation to reward those who do much to protect the wildlife on the green planet.(233 words)

第三篇：四级翻译讲义

大学英语四级翻译讲义

英语翻译三步曲 第一：找主干 第二：定时态 第三：加修饰 第一、找主干

什么是句子的主干？――主要成份

第二、定时态

如何确定时态？找信号词 A一般现在时

信号词：现在、是、总是、给

谓语构成： be动词（am/is are）动词原形（do/does）

B 一般过去时

信号词：过去某个具体时间点(从前、早在、在2011年,朝代）

相传，据说

谓语构成：be（was，were）或者 did C.现在完成时

信号词：（副词）到目前为止，已经，自从，在近……以来，早就（助词）了，过，结构： have/ has + done(动词的过去分词)表示完成时的时间状语标志 D.一般将来时

信号词：将来、会、可以…

谓语构成： will(be going to)+do E 现在进行时

信号词：正在、此时此刻、（助词）正……着

谓语构成： be（am/is are）+doing F.情态动词

结构:should/may/can/could/must等+do 信号词：将，可能，也许

时间状语

一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶。(1312四）An emperor found the tea five thousand years ago.在明清期间，茶馆遍布全国。(1312四）

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the tea houses were widespread all over the country.几个世纪以来，西湖一直以其秀美风景而闻名于世。

For centuries, the West Lake has been well-known for its beautiful scenery.地点状语

“中国结”(Chinese Knot)在中文里意味着爱情，婚姻和团聚。(1312四）Chinese Knot means love, marriage and reunion in Chinese.好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡.(1312四）

Good cooks always try to seek balance among grains, meat and vegetables.方式状语

中国应进一步发展核能.(1406四）

China should further develop the nuclear energy.食物对健康至关重要.(1312四）

Food is crucially important to health.阅读对于中小学生尤为重要.(1406四）

Reading is crucially important to primary and middle school students.目的状语

为了，针对，以

用to do 形式

为驱厄运、迎好运，家家户户都会进行大扫除（样题）。To sweep away the ill fortune and bring in good luck,… 针对这一问题，中国政府正开始发起低碳行动。To tackle this problem,….为了促进教育公平，中国已经投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施。

To promote the equality of education, China …...青奥会于①八月②在南京③隆重开幕。

在汉语中通常排列为“时间→地点→方式→动词”的顺序，在英语中通常排列为“动词→方式→地点→时间”的顺序。

how→where→when

The Youth Olympic Games began ceremoniously in Nanjing in August.我从看到你第一眼就从心底里深深地爱上了你。I love you deeply from the bottom of my heart at the first sight.简单句语序：主+谓+宾+How+Where+When 请试着将下面短语组成一个完整的句子。

Games

played

yesterday

in the room

the children

quietly The children played games quietly in the room yesterday.before lunch

the letter

in his office

quickly he read He read the letter quickly in his office before lunch.the little boy

an apple

this morning

ate

greedily in the kitchen.The little boy ate an apple greedily in the kitchen this morning.第四：加修饰（形容词）的翻译： a、单个形容词翻译

中国结已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。

Chinese Knot has become an elegant and colorful art and craft.b、复合形容词

副词+动词过去分词形式＝＝形容词

“你要茶还是咖啡?”是用餐人常被问到的问题。

”Would you like tea or coffee?”, that is a frequently-asked question to dinning people.精心准备的中餐既可口又好看。

Well-prepared food is both delicious and good-looking.新版的牛津（Oxford）英语词典 newly-edited Oxford English Dictionary 新公布的计划 newly-announced plan 新建的高楼 recently/newly-built architectures 精心设计的景观 well-designed landscape

（二）、of 结构

茶是中国的瑰宝。(1312四）

Tea is the treasure of China.(of结构）

(1)随着

随着时代的发展with the development of times

随着技术和安全措施的改进with the improvement of technology and security measures

随着电脑和智能手机的迅速发展和普及with the fast development and popularity of computers and smart phones（2）史

中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史。

Chinese paper-cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years.北京首都国际机场(Beijing Capital International Airport)已有50多年的历史。

Beijing Capital International Airport has a history of more than 50 years.（3）部分

太极拳是东方文化的重要组成部分。

Taijiquan is an important part of the oriental culture.城镇化已经成为我国社会和经济发展的重要组成部分。

Urbanization has become an important component of social and economic development in China.(4)分数

核电目前只占其总发电量的2% Nuclear power currently only accounts for 2% of the total generating capacity.中国老年人口占据人口总数的三分之一。

Chinese elder people account for one third of the total population.…….之一 句型

主谓+ one of +形容词+范围词+地点

皮影戏是中国最著名民间戏剧形式之一.Shadow play is one of the most famous folk art forms in China.茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一。Tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world.（三）、介词短语

a、表拥有

中心词+with短语

有三千年历史的城市

a city with a history of 3,000 years.b、表地点

中心词+from/in/+somewhere 农村和山区的儿童

the children in rural and mountainous areas

c 表方位

中心词+in+sth.工业升级中的结构性障碍(structural obstacle)

the structural obstacle in industrial upgrading d 表目的 中心词+for sth.馈赠外国友人的礼物 the gift for foreign friends

被动句结构

• 一般现在时：be（am is are）+done • 现在进行时： be（am is are）+being + done • 一般过去时：was、were +done • 一般将来时：will be done • 现在完成时：have/has been done • 情态动词：must(can/could等)be done 真题演练

The famous novel is said to

(已经被翻译成多种语言).（2012-6）

We look forward to

(被邀请出席开幕式).一、点型的被字句

（1）信号词

被，由，让，给，遭，受，通过 为…所称，用于（2）判断句

是+动词+的

语言是在实践中形成的。Language has been formed in practice.二、隐形被动句

今天食堂吃饺子。

三、习惯性被动句

我们，人们，大家

被动句的翻译步骤： 第一：定主干（定谓语动词）第二：定时态

第三：加被动

一、点型的被字句

被字句

在中国，烹饪被视为一种技能（1312四）。In China, cooking is regarded as a skill.由字句

家里的大事由男人做主。The important things in family are decided by men.于字句

这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍

These funds are used to improve teaching facilities and purchase books.遭字句

目前，人类的生存环境正在遭到破坏。

Currently, the human’s living environment is being destroyed severely.受字句

中国武侠连续剧(Chinese Wuxia series)在西方受到大众的欢迎。Chinese Wuxia series is welcomed by the audience in the west.称

《本草纲目》堪称中医史上最完整的医书。

Ben Cao Gang Mu is regarded as the most complete Medical book in the history of traditional Chinese medicine.（2）：是、、、的

地基是石头砌成的.The foundation is made of stones 真题演练

换句话说，核能是可以安全开发和利用的。

In other words, the nuclear energy can be exploited and utilized safely.中国结(the Chinese knot)最初是手工艺人发明的。（13.12 四）

The Chinese Knot was initially invented by craftsmen.第二：隐形被动句

房间已经打扫干净了。The room has been cleaned.文章总算写完了。The article has finally been finished.第三：习惯性被动句(泛指人称代词,人们，我们开头)人们用它来辟邪。It is used to ward off evil spirits.人们用它来记录事件。It is used to record events.真题演练

１这种形式的手工艺(handcraft)代代相传。This kind of craft has been passed down for generations.2、中国结常常作为礼物交换.The Chinese Knot is often given as a gift for exchange.如何翻译无主句？

第一：加人称代词 第二：译为被动

第三：it is +a.+to do(做某事是……，很难，很容易)第四：there be/appear/exist（有，现在，存在）

第一：加人称代词

开车没有方向盘不行。You can’t turn a car without the wheel.外面下雨了。It’s raining outside．

接到你的情书，非常高兴。

（我）接到你的情书,（我）非常高兴。

I am very glad to have received your love letter.第二：译为被动

食堂今天吃饺子。Dumplings are served in the dining hall today.第三：it is +a.+to do(做某事是……，很难，很容易)很难弄清楚这个习俗的起源。

It is difficult to make clear the origins of the custom.第四、译为存现句型，there be 信号词 有，存在，出现 中西方饮食习惯存在具大差异。

There exist great differences between Chinese and western eating habits.必须保证孩子们的安全。

Children’s safety must be guaranteed.We must guarantee children’s safety.It is essential to guarantee children’s safety.并列句

并列句＝简单句+并列连词+简单句 表并列关系 和, 不仅，而且

and, both..and…

as well as , not only...but also..., , neither…nor 表转折关系：但是，然而

but,however, while

表选择关系：或者

or, either…or

成功有一千个理由，失败却只有一个。

――――约翰肯尼迪（John F Kennedy）

Victory has a thousand fathers, but defeat is an orphan.谈恋爱，是跟一个人的优点在谈恋爱，谈结婚，是跟一个人的缺点在过日子。

Dating someone is dating with his or her merits,while marrying someone is marrying his or her demerits.改错题

１ 丽江古城位于云南西北部，是纳西族(Naxi ethnic group)聚居(Home to)的地方。

Lijiang ancient city is located in the northwest of Yun Nan province, and home to Naxi ethnic group.许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶。

Many westerners will choose coffee, while the choice of Chinese may be tea.3 茶是中国的瑰宝，也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。

Not only is tea an ethnic drinking, but also was an important component of Chinese traditional culture.真题演练

在古代，人们用它来记录事件，但现在主要 用于装饰的目的。

In ancient times, it was used for recording events, while now it is mainly used for a decoration purpose.中餐既美味又健康Chinese food is both delicious and healthy.中国园林是中国文化的标志，已有3000多年的悠久历史。

Chinese garden is a symbol of Chinese Culture and it has a long history of more than 3000 years.定语从句

作用一：帮助我们翻译长定语

作用二：帮助我们翻译难词

翻译定语从句的步聚： 第一：译主干，确定先行词 第二：加关系词 第三：译从句

The prevention and treatment of AIDS is

(我们可以合作的领域）(0806四）

一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。Some students who have been transferred to city schools to receive a better education are now moving back to their local rural schools.其中 among which(事)among whom(人)杭州特产众多，其中以丝绸和茶叶最受欢迎。

Hangzhou owns numerous special local products, among which the silk and the tea is the most popular.历史上涌现了一批杰出的元曲剧作家，其中以关汉卿最负盛名。

There appeared a great number of outstanding playwrights of Yuan opera in history, among whom Guan Hanqing was the most famous.翻译难词

瓷器,和丝绸一样，是享誉海外的中国特产。

Chinaware, like silk, is a specialty of China that is very famous overseas.宾语从句

判断：宾语是一个句子

信号词：认为 deem 声称maintain 显示reveal 强调stress 建议advise

结构：主语+谓语+(that)+从句

如果谓语动词是现在时，从句可以用任何时态；

如果谓语动词是过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态。他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作。

They stress that people should read good books, especially classical ones.有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全民读书日。

Some educational workers have suggested that a National Reading Day be set up since 2003.时间状语从句

引导词：when, until 信号词：时，当….时 【真题链接】

.例子一：(CET4 2006/12)一些心理学家表明人们出门在外时可能会感到孤独。

---Some psychologists claim that people may feel lonely_________________________.例子二：(CET4 2014/06)饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美。(1312四）Tea-drinking was introduced to Japan in the 6th century, but was not introduced to Europe and America until the 18th

century.条件状语从句

引导词：if

信号词：如果，假如 主将从现

从句：if+主语+do/does 主句：主语+will +do If you do what you love, money will follow.如果错过了太阳时你流泪，那么你也要错过群星了。

-----泰戈尔

If you shed tears when you miss the sun, you’ll miss the stars.主情从现

如果冬天来了，春天还会远吗？---If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 从句：if+主语+do/does 主句：主语+must/can/may等 主祈从现

---If you want to know the value of money, go and try to borrow some.从句：if +主语+do/does 主句：祈使句

否定：don’t do/never do sth.If you can’t say anything nice, don’t say anything at all.If you are ever in trouble, don’t try tobe brave, just run, runaway.【真题链接】

Please come here at ten tomorrow morning if it is convenient for you.(如果你方便的话）

假如他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。（1406四）

If they don’t develop the interest of reading during this crucial period, it will be difficult to get into the habit of reading late.第四次课内容：

第一：如果升级and连接的并列句（同位语，分词作状语，非限定性定语从句）第二：三个提分句型 第三：段落翻译注意事项 汉语是一种古老的语言，已有四千多年的历史。

Chinese is an ancient language,and it has a history of more than four thousand years.2 宋徽宗是北宋第八位皇帝，也是宋朝最著名的皇帝之一。

Song Huizong is the eighth emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty, and he is also one of the most famous emperors in the Song Dynasty.相在同点：第一：前后两句主语一致

第二：第一句是个系表结构 方法：把第一个系表结构变为同位语 升级后的句型为：

汉语是一种古老的语言，已有四千多年的历史。

Chinese, an old language, has a history of more than four thousand years.宋徽宗是北宋第八位皇帝，也是宋朝最著名的皇帝之一。

Song Huizong, the eighth emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty, is also one of the most famous emperors in the Song Dynasty.课堂练习

剪纸（Paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一，有一千五百多年的历史。

Paper-cutting, one of the most popular traditional folk art forms, has a history of more than 1500 years.在中国，月饼是一种特殊的食品，广受海内 外华人的欢迎。

Moon cakes, a special kind of food in China, are deeply loved by the Chinese both at home and abroad.中医(Traditional Chinese Medicine)是中华文化的一部分，为中国的繁荣做出了很大的贡献。

Traditional Chinese Medicine, a component of Chinese culture, has made great contributions to the prosperity of China.句型升级2 我们坐在高高的谷堆旁边，听妈妈讲那过去的故事。

We sat on the high hillock and listened to the old story.We sat on the high hillock, listening to the old story.相同点

第一：前后两句主语一致

第二：动词与主语是主动关系

第一：保留主动词

第二：次动词用ing形式

课堂练习

近年来，越来越多的女性在政府部门任职，参与国家政务活动。

In recent years, an increasing number of females have taken office in thegovernment, participating in the national political affairs.元代时戏剧曾传到世界上很多国家，迷倒了不少国外戏迷。

Drama was introduced to many countries during the Yuan Dynasty, attracting many foreign audience.句型升级3 我们依偎在妈妈的怀里，听妈妈讲那过去的故事。

We were nestled in the mother’s arm and listened to the old story.如果前后两句主语一致，动词与主语的是一主一被

方法一： Nestled in the mother’s arm, we listened to the old story.方法二： We were nestled in the mother’s arm, listening to the old story.上海自由贸易区(Shanghai Trade Zone)位于上海市的郊区，面积为28.78平方公里。

Located on the outskirts of Shanghai city, Shanghai Trade Zone covers an area of

28.78 square kilometers.Shanghai Trade Zone is located on the outskirts of Shanghai city, covering an area of 28.78 square kilometers.句型升级4 非限定性从句(重复先行词)后一个句子用这，给，使，步聚：第一：翻译主句

第二：逗号后面接which

第三：which+动词+其他成份

中国人每天使用筷子，这在很多外国朋友 眼里似乎是一个奇迹。Chinese people use chopsticks everyday, which seems to be a miracle to many foreigners.这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学获益。（1406四）These funds are used to improve teaching facilities and purchase books, which benefits more than 160,000 primary and secondary schools.2008年北京奥运会开幕式上，一位小姑娘唱起了《歌唱祖国》，给所有观众都留下了深刻的印象。

In the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympics, a little girl sang the song of Ode to Motherland, which greatly impressed all the audiences.提分句型１：时间段+witness+名词

1949年中华人民共和国成立。

The year 1949 witnessed the founding of the People's Republic of China

提分句型２：So+形容词+be+主语+that+完整句子 青春是如此短暂以至于我们来不及道别。

Our youth is so transient that we have no time to bid farewell.So transient is our youth that we have no time to bid farewell.道别是如此漫长以至于我们用尽余生去遗忘。

The farewell is so long that we have to spend all the rest of our lives to forget.So long is the farewell that we have to spend all the rest of our lives to forget.提分句型３：So+副词+do+主语+谓语+that(如果主语是复数用do,如果主语是单数用does)

他们学习太紧张，几乎没有时间好好品尝生活，干些其他事。

They study so hard that they have no time to enjoy their lives and do anything else.So hard do they study that they hardly have time to enjoy their lives and do anything else.第一：读

（1）第一遍：主干，时态，语态

（2）第二遍：定语，状语

（3）第三遍：合译句子

第二：写

（1）写难词（2）写信号词（３）写长句

第三：查

(1)查时态(2)查单复数

3)查漏译

（

第四篇：四级作文万能(新东方讲义、经典)

英语四级作文模板大全

一、说明原因型模块

Currently, XX has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory —— nothing is more valuable than XX It is clear that(1).If you(2), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(3).Failure will be following with you.It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(4).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(5).It will exert a profound influence upon(6).With reference to my standpoint, I think(7).注释：

1、XX的第一个优点

2、支持XX的做法

3、不支持XX的做法

4、XX的第二个优点

5、举例证明优点二

6、说明XX优点三的影响

相应作文：

The importance of self-confidence Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day.This does

demonstrate the theory —— nothing is more valuable than self-confidence.It is clear that(self-confidence means trust in one's abilities).If you(are full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything).Failure will be following with you。It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that

(self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(the secret of MMe.Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence, the latter in particular).It will exert a profound influence upon(the achievement of one's ambitions).With reference to my standpoint, I think(he that can have self-confidence can have what he will).二、说明原因型模块

In recent years, XX has caused a heated debate on(1).The factors for(2).First of all,(3).Then, there comes a case that(4).Moreover,(5).Especially when(6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected the remind people that(7).In this way, we should behave just like(8).相应作文：

The impact of Television In recent years, with the development of science and technology, 80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV, offering as many as 50 channels.It has caused a heated debate on(the impact of television on children).Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.The factors for(parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all,(with so many programs to choose from, children are not getting as much exercise as they should).Then, there comes a case that(some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school).Moreover,(the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on

children's bodies).Especially when(the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that(they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV viewing).In this way, children will not be influenced too deeply.三、说明原因型模块

For most of us today,(1).From above, we can find that the reasons why(2)are as follows.The primary reason, I think, is(3).Second,(4).The third reason, actually, is(5).The significance for(6).Therefore,(7).注释：

1、人们针对XX的态度和举措

2、归纳现状

3、第一个原因

4、第二个原因

5、第三个原因

6、重申造成现状的最重要原因

相应作文：

Pollution Most of us today(recognize that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem.lots of plants trees corps are destroyed by bad air.many fish die of poisonous water.thousands of people die from eating

poisoned fish or breathing in gas.therefore, environmental pollution should be responsible for these diseases that are disabling, or bringing death not only to human beings, but also to wild life.)From above, we can find that the reasons why(environment are polluted more and more seriously)are as follows.the primary reason, I think, is(the reason of harmful substances into environment.for example, to prevent insects, farmers make use of great amounts of insecticides, so as to have bumper harvests.however, they pollute air, water and land).Second,(the gas coming from the car engines and factories also make environment polluted badly).the third reason actually is(the result of a growing population in the world.everyday, so much litter and waste are poured out from houses, also pollute the environment).The significance for(controlling pollution)noted that it's high time that more effective

measures should be taken.Therefore,(new laws should be passed to limit the amount of pollutants from factories.moreover, in the households, there is an obvious need to reduce litter and waste.let's make our good efforts, and the world will be a safer place to live for us).

第五篇：串讲案例分析题答案

答案——

1、CABCABBCAB2、BDABD错ACDABD3、ABDABCDACABCD4、ABCDCBAABC5、CADCCB