第一篇：动词不定式用法小结
动词不定式用法小结
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，不定时短语在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。
一.作主语
例如：
To be a doctor is hard.做医生很难。
To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。
动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为：
It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well.再 如：
It’s important to plant trees in spring.如果要表示动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式的前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例如：
It’s good for us to read aloud in the morning.对我们来说每天早晨大声读是很有益的。
It is important for students to use English every day.对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。
二.作表语：
动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例：
His work is to drive a car.他的工作是开车。
My job is to feed animals.我的工作是饲养动物。
Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是当医生。
三.作宾语
动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：
I want to tell you a story.我想给你讲个故事。
They begin to work at eight every morning.他们每天早晨8点开始工作。
Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。
Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?
明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？
*如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省“to”例：
（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.他想和我们一起去游泳。
（2）若作宾语的动词不定式（短语）很长，可用it作形式宾语。
I find it interesting to learn Chinese with you.我觉得和你一起学汉语很有趣。
He found it hard to catch up with others.他觉得赶上别人很困难。
四.作宾语补足语。例如：
The teacher asked us to read aloud for half an hour in the morning.老师让我们早晨朗读半小时。
The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games.老师常告诉Jim不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。
Please let me help you.让我来帮助你。
动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词不定式作宾 语补足语的动词有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在let, make, have，see, watch, hear, feel, notice等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”，可以归纳为以下三种句式：
1.不可以省to的不定式作宾语补足语：
tell /ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb.to do sth.例：The teacher told us to come earlier tomorrow.I want you to go now.我想让你现在就去。
Her parents wish her to be a teacher.她父母亲希望她当老师。
2.省“to”的不定式作宾语补足语：
Let / make / have sb.do sth.Let the boy go out now.让那个男孩出去。
The boy made the baby cry.男孩弄哭了这个小孩。
see / watch / hear / notice / feel sb.do sth.I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday.昨天我看见学生们在操场打篮球。
I often hear the girl sing in the next room.我经常听到女孩在隔壁唱歌。
3.可省可不省的：
help sb.（to）do sth.I often help my mother（to）do housework.我经常帮妈妈做家务。
*动词不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not.例：
（1）Tell them not to play football in the street.告诉他们不要在街道上踢足球。
（2）省to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加not.例：
Let the boy not go.让那个男孩别走。
（3）如果将主动语态变为被动语态时，作宾语补足语的动词不定式变为主语补足语，动词不定式则不省“to”，即原来省的再加上，例：
The boy made the baby cry.The baby was made to cry by the boy.那个孩子被男孩弄哭了。
五.动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置定语。例：
Who was the first one to arrive?
谁第一个到的？
She has no paper to write on?
她没有纸写字？
The best way to learn English is to use it.学英语最好的方法是使用它。
When is the best time to plant vegetables?
什么时候是种植蔬菜的最好时间？
Do you have something to drink?
你这有喝的吗？
*动词不定式（短语）作定语修饰名词时，与其所修饰的词具有一种动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，其后应加上一个含义上所需要的介词。例：
I have no chair to sit on.我没有椅子坐。
He has no house to live in.他没有房子住。
六.动词不定式作目的状语：
动词不定式作目的状语常用在go, come, hurry等不及物动词后，表目的。
He went to see his sister yesterday.他昨天去看妹妹了。
They got up early to catch the early bus.他们早起去赶早班车。
有时可以把不定式（短语）提前，放于句首，表示强调目的。例：
To learn English quickly and well, he went to England.为了更快更好地学英语，他去了英国。
七.不定式和疑问词连用，可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语等。例：
The problem is where to get a computer.（表语）
No one knows how to do it.没有人知道如何做这件事。（宾）
I really don’t know which one to choose.（宾）
我真的不知道选哪一个。
When and where to have the party is not known.（主语）
何时何地举行联欢还不知道。
*不定式和疑问词连用作宾语时有时可以改为宾语从句。例：
I don’t know what to do next.我不知下一步该做什么？
I don’t know what I should do next.【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）
一.选择填空： 1.He asked me ________ here earlier.A.come
B.to come
C.coming
D.came 2.Please tell him _______ on the wall.A.don’t draw
B.to not draw
C.not to draw
D.not draw 3.He wanted ________ a cup of tea.A.to have
B.having
C.have
D.had 4.I’d like ________ a word with you.A.had
B.having
C.to have
D.have 5.I came here _______ my uncle.A.saw
B.to see
C.seeing
D.to be seen 6.The man refused（拒绝）________ back his words.A.to take
B.taking
C.took
D.takes 7.I can let you ________ one ticket.A.to have
B.have
C.having
D.had 8.We often heard him _________ in his room.A.to sing
B.sings
C.sang
D.sing 9.He was made ________ day and night.A.work
B.working
C.to work
D.worked 10.He stopped ______ a look, but saw nothing.A.having
B.to have
C.have
D.had 11.My father was too angry _________ a word.A.to say
B.not to say
C.to saying
D.didn’t say 11 12.My brother was old enough ________ to school.A.went
B.goes
C.going
D.to go 13.It is time ________ him ________ supper.A.of, to have
B.for, to have
C.of, having
D.for, to has 14.It’s very kind _______ you ______ me.A.of, to help
B.for, to help
C.of, help
D.of, helping 15.It’s important _________ our classroom clean every day.A.kept
B.to keep
C.to give
D.keep 16.Before liberation（解放）they had no chance _______ to school.A.went
B.go
C.to go
D.to be gone 12 17.He said he had an important meeting ________.A.attend
B.would attend
C.attending
D.to attend 18.Please give me a piece of paper ________.A.to write
B.to write on
C.writing
D.to write i ’t know _______.A.what do B.what will do
C.what to do
D.do what 20.Your radio needs ________.A，to be repaired
B.to repair
C.repaired
D.to repairing 21.My wish is ________ a teacher.A.becoming
19.I don
B.to become
C.become
D.became 22.I want ________ him a letter now.A, to write
B.not write
C.write
D.wrote 23.It took us three days _________ the trees.A.plant
B.planted
C.to plant
D.plants 24.Why not ________ here _______ me?
A.to come, to see
B，come, to see
C.came, seeing
D.come, see 25.He wishes me ______ my best
________ hard at English.A，to do, to work
B.doing, working
C.to do, working
D.do, work
26.Please tell me ________ her.I have something _______ her.A.where to find, telling
B, where to find, to tell C.where can find, to tell
D.where finding, telling 27.How happy they are ______ each other again!A，to see
B.see
C.saw
D.being seen 28.They decided（决心）_______ a letter ______ their thanks.A.to write, expressing（表达）B.writing, express C.write, expressed D, to write, to express 29.The officer ordered（命令）him _ ______ down _________ a rest.A.lying, have
B，to lie, to have
C.to lie, having
D.lie, had 30.The headmaster called on（号召）us ______ hard for our country.A.to work
B.worked
C.work
D.to working
【试题答案】
一.1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.B
6.A 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.B
11.A 12.D13.B 14.A 15.B
16.C 17.D 18.B19.C 20.A
21.B 22.A 23.C 24.B 25.A
26.B 27.A 28.D 29.B 30.A
第二篇：动词不定式用法小结
动词不定式用法小结
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。
一.作主语
例如：To be a doctor is hard.做医生很难。
To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。
动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为：
It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well.如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例：
It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning.对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。
It is important for students to use English every day.对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。
二.作表语：
动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例：
His work is to drive a car.他的工作是开车。
Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是当医生。
三.作宾语
动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：
eg:They begin to work at eight every morning.他们每天早晨8点开始工作。
Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。
Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?
明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？
*如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省“to”例：
（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.他想和我们一起去游泳。
（2）若作宾语的动词不定式（短语）很长，可用it作形式宾语。
He found it hard to catch up with others.他觉得赶上别人很困难。
四.作宾语补足语。例如：
The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.老师让我们早晨读半小时英语。
Please let me help you.让我来帮助你。
动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”，可以归纳为以下三种句式：
1.不可以省to的不定式作宾语补足语：
tell /ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb.to do sth.例:I want you to go now.我想让你现在就走。
Her parents wish her to be a teacher.她父母亲希望她当老师。
2.省“to”的不定式作宾语补足语：
Let / make / have sb.do sth.Let the boy go out now.让那个男孩出去。
The boy made the baby cry.男孩弄哭了这个小孩。
see / watch / hear / notice / feel sb.do sth.I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday.昨天我看见学生们在操场打篮球。
I often hear the girl sing in the next room.我经常听到女孩在隔壁唱歌。
3.可省可不省的：
help sb.（to）do sth.I often help my mother（to）do housework.我经常帮妈妈做家务。
*动词不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not.例：
（1）Tell them not to play football in the street.告诉他们不要在街道上踢足球。
（2）省to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加not.例：
Let the boy not go.让那个男孩别走。
（3）如果将主动语态变为被动语态时，作宾语补足语的动词不定式变为主语补足语，动词不定式则不省“to”，即原来省的再加上，例：
The boy made the baby cry.The baby was made to cry by the boy.那个孩子被男孩弄哭了。
五.动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置定语。例：
Who was the first one to arrive?
谁第一个到的？
She has no paper to write on?
她没有纸写字？
The best way to learn English is to use it.学英语最好的方法是使用它。
When is the best time to plant vegetables?
什么时候是种植蔬菜的最好时间？
*动词不定式（短语）作定语修饰名词时，与其所修饰的词具有一种动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，其后应加上一个含义上所需要的介词。例：
He has no house to live in.他没有房子住。
六.动词不定式作目的状语：
动词不定式作目的状语常用在go, come, hurry等不及物动词后，表目的。
They got up early to catch the early bus.他们早起去赶早班车。
有时可以把不定式（短语）提前，放于句首，表示强调目的。例：
To early English quickly and well, he went to England.为了更快更好地学英语，他去了英国。七.不定式和疑问词连用，可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语等。例：The problem is where to get a computer.（表语）
No one knows how to do it.没有人知道如何做这件事。（宾语）
I really don’t know which one to choose.（宾语）
我真的不知道选哪一个。
When and where to have the party is not known.（主语）
何时何地举行联欢还不知道。
*不定式和疑问词连用作宾语时有时可以改为宾语从句。例：
I don’t know what to do next.我不知下一步该做什么？
I don’t know what I should do next.【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）
一.选择填空：
6.The man refused（拒绝）_____ back his words.A.to take
B.taking
C.took
D.takes
11.My father was too angry _________ a word.A.to say
B.not to say
C.to saying
D.didn’t say
12.My brother was old enough ________ to school.A.went
B.goes
C.going
D.to go
13.It is time ________ him ________ supper.A.of, to have
B.for, to have
C.of, having
D.for, to has
14.It’s very kind _______ you ______ me.A.of, to help
B.for, to help
C.of, help
D.of, helping
15.It’s important _________ our classroom clean every day.A.kept
B.to keep
C.to give
D.keep
16.Before liberation（解放）they had no chance _______ to school.A.went
B.go
C.to go
D.to be gone
17.He said he had an important meeting ________.A.attend
B.would attend
C.attending
D.to attend
18.Please give me a piece of paper ________.A.to write
B.to write on
C.writing
D.to write it
19.I don’t know _______.A.what do
B.what will do
C.what to do
D.do what
20.Your radio needs ________.A.to be repaired
B.to repair
C.repaired
D.to repairing
21.My wish is ________ a teacher.A.becoming
B.to become
C.become
D.became
22.I want ________ him a letter now.A.to write
B.not write
C.write
D.wrote
23.It took us three days _________ the trees.A.plant
B.planted
C.to plant
D.plants
24.Why not ________ here _______ me?
A.to come, to see
B.come, to see
C.came, seeing
D.come, see
25.He wishes me ______ my best _________ hard at English.A.to do, to work
B.doing, working
C.to do, working
D.do, work
26.Please tell me ________ her.I have something _______ her.A.where to find, telling
B.where to find, to tell
C.where can find, to tell
D.where finding, telling
27.How happy they are ______ each other again!
A.to see
B.see
C.saw
D.being seen
28.They decided（决心）_______ a letter ______ their thanks.A.to write, expressing（表达）
B.writing, express
C.write, expressed
D.to write, to express
29.The officer ordered（命令）him _______ down _________ a rest.A.lying, have
B.to lie, to have
C.to lie, having
D.lie, had
30.The headmaster called on（号召）us ______ hard for our country.A.to work
B.worked
C.work
D.to working
【试题答案】一.11.A
12.D
13.B
14.A
15.B
16.C
17.D
18.B
19.C
20.A
21.B
22.A
23.C
24.B
25.A
26.B
27.A
28.D
29.B
30.A
三、初中定语从句的讲解与练习
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系
代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）
2)Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）
3）which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1）when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用，例如：Is this the reason why(for which)he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
2）that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介词+ which”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：
His father died the year(that / when / in which)he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.1.As far as...is concerned 至今...被认为是...2.It goes without saying that...不用说...(意思是：论述的内容是显而易见的）3.It can be said with certainty that...3.不用说...；...是肯定的。4.As the proverb says 4.有句谚语是这样说的...;常言道...5.It has to be noticed that...5.必须引起注意的是...6.It`s generally recognized that...6.通常认为...7.It`s likely that 7.很可能...8.It`s hardly that...8.hardly表否定，...不被经常说起；我们很少谈到...It’s hardly too much to say that...8.hardly表否定，...不被经常说起；我们很少谈到...What calls for special attention is that...9.需要引起特别注意的是...There’s no denying the fact that...10.事实不容否认...Nothing is more important than the fact that...11.没有比这更重要的是...what’s far more important is that...12.意思同上，更重要的是...As time goes by,.....随着时间的流逝 There is no doubt that...毫无疑问...As far as I'm concerned, I think....就我而言，我认为...It is said that...据说...Two heads are better than one.三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。It is...that...强调句
It is important for sb to do sth.there be句型
Compared with A, B is more...与A相比，B更...in my opinion 在我看来
It is high time that we did sth.是我们做..的时候了。Only in this way, can wei solve this problem properly.只有这样我们才能妥善解决这个问题。sth is so...that...如此..以至于..not only...,but also...不仅...而且...To be honest
To tell the truth 老实说来 too..to 太..以至于不能..On one hand,..on the other hand,..一方面..另一方面...高考英语翻译（Jan..30）中译英常设考点
1、形式主语或形式宾语it
2、动名词作主语
3、句型结构
4、连词
5、倒装句型
6、动词或动词短语
7、中英文化差异
8、各类从句
9、成语英译 一：形式主语或形式宾语it
1、It’s + adj.+ of/for sb.to do sth.Eg.It’s so careless of you to make so many spelling
mistakes in the English exam
2、It so happened that…
Eg.It so happened that I didn’t have any money on me.3、It’s reported/ believed/ estimated that…
It’s estimated that about 30 passengers were killed in the bus accident.4、在强调句it is + that 中
Eg.It’s because of his perseverance that led to his late success.5、在含有某些形容词的句子中，如important，necessary，impossible, natural, common, strange等。
6、It’s likely that…
Eg.It’s likely that John won’t come though he has promised do.二：动名词作主语
充分利用时间并不意味着从早到晚不停地看书。(make full use of time)Making full use of time doesn’t mean keeping on reading books from morning till night.三：句型结构
很多人身体有疾病时才认识到保持健康的重要性。(not…until)Many people are not aware of the importance of being healthy until they are ill.这部有关第一次世界大战的历史小说引人入胜，我简直爱不释手。(so…that)The historical novel about World War I is so attractive that I can’t bear to put it down.Practice
这个练习太难，没几个人能做对。（so…that）他下决心不再依赖父母，要靠自己用双手谋生。（not…but）玛丽把开门的钥匙丢了，只好在屋外等她妈妈。（do nothing but）她身体太弱，没法从事这样艰苦的工作。（too…to）与阅读一样，听力在语言学习过程中也起着重要作用。（as…as）人们普遍认为，用脑越多，智力越活跃。（the more…the more）正是在这个小城里，他度过了幸福的童年。（It is … that…）他是鉴定书法的高手，自己也写得一手好字。（not only…but also）过了若干年那个事件的真相才被揭示出来。（It…before…）
四：连词
我们将作进一步的讨论，然后再作出最终结论。(before)We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion)六：动词或动词短语
这张照片使我想起了我们在夏令营里度过的日子。(remind)The photo reminds me of the days we spent in the summer camp.说老实话，我真后悔没能帮助他摆脱困境。(regret)To tell the truth, I really regret not being able to help him out of the trouble.众所周知，成功来自勤奋，不努力则一事无成。
As we all know, success comes from hard work, without efforts nothing can be done.or It is known to all that success results from diligence;without efforts nothing can be achieved.他们应从这件事中吸取教训，玩火者必自焚。
They should learn a lesson from this incident;he who plays with fire will surely get burnt.这个地区的经济发展很快，可是某些市民的素质还不尽如人意。
Although the economy in this area is developing rapidly, the qualities of some citizens are still not satisfactory.当时，那位出租车司机别无选择，只能求助与游客。
At the time, the taxi driver had no choice but to turn to the tourists/traveler(for help).许多外国游客都想去长城一游，他们知道“不到长城非好汉”。
Many foreign tourists want to visit the Great Wall.They know that” He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” 2003年：
虽然她孤身一人，无亲无故，但邻居们都向她伸出了援助之手。
Although she lives(alone)with no relatives or friends, all the/her neighboures offer her a helping hand/offer to help her.这个游戏的规则太复杂，三言两语解释不清。
The rules of the game are too completed to explain/be explained in a few words.我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。
I find it is hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinion.只要我们齐心协力，就能很快解决这个技术难题。
So long as/As long as/If we work co-operatively/with combined efforts/joint efforts, we will be able to solve/work out the technical problems.soon.他进公司后不久就开始独立完成了一项艰巨的任务，同事们对他刮目相看。
（so）
He finished a difficult task on his own / independently soon / shortly after he entered the company, so his colleagues looked at him with new eyes / regarded him in a totally different light/ treated him with increased respect.每次我向她请教，她总是有求必应。而且解释得令我十分满意。(satisfaction)Every time I ask her for advice, she is always ready to help, and explains to my full satisfaction.这小孩太调皮，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱。(So…)So naughty is the child that he often upsets his parents who are busy with their work.九：复合句（各类从句）
我第一次写英语作文时，犯了许多拼写错误。(make)（2002年上海）The first time I wrote the English composition, I made a lot of spelling mistakes.彼得每月留出一点钱以便在不久的将来购买一辆新汽车。(set aside)（1998上海高考）Peter sets aside some money every month so that he can buy a new car in the near future.这张照片让我们想起了在夏令营里度过的日子。(remind)（2000年上海）The picture reminds me of the days that were spent in the summer camp.不管天有多晚，他从不把今天的事拖到明天。(put off)（2002年上海）However late it is, he never puts off what should be done today till tomorrow.尽管遭受如此严重的自然灾害，但只要不灰心，我们终会克服暂时的困难。(Although…)Although we are suffering such a severe natural disaster, we will eventually overcome the temporary difficulty as long as we don’t lose heart.
第三篇：动词不定式用法小结
动词不定式用法
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。
一.作主语
To be a doctor is hard.做医生很难。
To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。
动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为：
It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well.再如：
It’s important to plant trees in spring.二.作表语：
动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例：
His work is to drive a car.他的工作是开车。
My job is to feed animals.我的工作是饲养动物。
Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是当医生。
三.作宾语
动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：
I want to tell you a story.我想给你讲个故事。
They begin to work at eight every morning.他们每天早晨8点开始工作。
Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。
Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow? 明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？
*如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省“to”例：
（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.他想和我们一起去游泳。
（2）若作宾语的动词不定式（短语）很长，可用it作形式宾语。
I find it’s interesting to learn English with you.我觉得和你一起学英语很有趣。
He found it hard to catch up with others.他觉得赶上别人很困难。
四.作宾语补足语。
The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.老师让我们早晨读半小时英语。
The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games.老师常告诉Jim不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。
五.动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置定语。例：
Who was the first one to arrive? 谁第一个到的？
She has no paper to write on? 她没有纸写字？
The best way to learn English is to use it.学英语最好的方法是使用它。
六.动词不定式作目的状语：
动词不定式作目的状语常用在go, come, hurry等不及物动词后，表目的。
He went to see his sister yesterday.他昨天去看妹妹了。
They got up early to catch the early bus.他们早起去赶早班车。
有时可以把不定式（短语）提前，放于句首，表示强调目的。例：
To early English quickly and well, he went to England.为了更快更好地学英语，他去了英国。
第四篇：初中英语动词不定式用法小结
初中英语动词不定式用法小结
动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，又叫非谓语动词，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能做谓语；它由“to+动词原形”构成，这里的to是动词不定式符号，本身没有词义，其否定形式常在to前加not；由于它仍保持动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，还可以带疑问词和由for引出其逻辑主语等形成动词不定式短语；不定式或不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等句子成分。为使同学们更好地掌握其用法，现总结如下：
一、动词不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时，为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。如要说明动作的执行者，可在不定式前加for引导的短语；但如果表语是nice, kind, clever等描述动作执行者的性格、品质的形容词时，则应在不定式前加of引导的短语。常用句型:It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.)to do sth./It takes sb.some time to do sth.二、动词不定式作宾语
一些动词，如want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare,等，常接动词不定式作宾语。当动词不定式作宾语时，如果后接宾语补足语，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后。应注意有些动词后面可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但所表达的意义不同。常见的有：（1）stop to do sth.停止正在做的事，去做另一件事；stop doing sth..停止正在做的事（2）go on to do sth.做完一件事后，继续做另一件事；go on doing sth.继续做同一件事（3）remember/forget to do sth.记住／忘记去做某事；remember/forget doing sth.记得／忘记做过某事
三、动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作后置定语时，与被修饰的名词逻辑上有动宾关系。如果动词不定式是不及物动词时，则要带上与之搭配的介词，构成及物动词短语。动词不定式作后置定语常用于“have/has ＋某事＋to do”或“enough＋名词＋to do”“It’s time to do sth.”等结构中。
四、动词不定式作宾语补足语
有些动词，如tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb.to do sth.结构。应注意动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to，在被动语态中应加上to。这些动词可归纳为“一感(feel)，二听(listen to, hear)，三让(let, make, have,，四看(look at, see, watch, notice)，半帮助(help)(即在动词help后面作宾语补足语时，to可有可无)”。另有口诀帮助记忆：“感使动词真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪，主动句中to离开，被动句中to回来。”(let不用于被动语态)
五、动词不定式作状语
动词不定式作状语主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in order或so as。常用结构有too + adj./adv.+ to dosth.等。
六、固定句式中动词不定式的用法
在固定句式中对不定式的考察常见的有：had better(not)do sth./Would you like to do sth.?/Why not do sth.?/Would you please(not)do sth.?等。动词不定式专项训练题：
一、单项选择。
1._______ is difficult to work out the maths problem.A.This
B.That C.It
D.Its 2.We decided _______ at the end of this month.A.travel B.not start out C.to leave D.going 3.They have no paper_______.A.to write B.to write with C.write on D.to write on 4.Let him _______ a rest.I think he must be tired after the long walk.A.has
B.have C.to have D.having 5._______the computer is a problem.A.How to use B.What to use C.Where to use D.Which to use 6.The teacher told us _______in bed.A.don’t read B.read not C.to not read D.not to read 7.The old man was _______angry _______ say a word.A.so, that B.as, as C.too, to D.very, to 8.Why _______home tomorrow? A.not go B.not going C.not to go D.didn’t go 9.The TV set is too loud.Will you please _______? A.turn down it B.turn it down C.to turn it down D.to turn down it 10.It’s cold outside.You had better _______ your coat.A.to put on B.putting on C.puts on D.put on
二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.It took half an hour _______(get)to the World Park from Kitty’s school.2.It was interesting _______(see)so many places of interest from all over the world.3.They want _______(save)time by using shorter words and phrases.4.Kitty’s classmate Daniel taught himself how _______(make)a home page.5.Things _______(do)in Beijing 6.He put his photos on it for everyone _______(look)at.7.Help him _______(put)the photos in the correct order.8.He made the girl _______(cry)yesterday.9.It’s time for class.Please stop _______(talk).10.I’d like _______(go)to the Temple of Heaven.参考答案：
一、1—5 CCDBA
6—10 DCABD
二、1.to get 2.to see 3.to save 4.to make 5.to do 6.to look 7.(to)put 8.cry 9.talking 10.to go
第五篇：初中英语动词不定式的用法小结
初中英语动词不定式的用法小结
一、作主语，可以用it代替，it叫形式主语，动词不定式放在后面叫真正主语
1．To learn a foreign language is not easy.It is not easy to learn a foreign language.2.It’s dangerous to drive very fast.二、作表语
My idea is to ring him up at once.我的想法是马上给他打电话。
如果主语部分含实义动词do，且作表语的动词又是“do”的内容，这时表语不定式的“to”可以省略。如：All I did was wait here.我能做的就是在这里等。
三、常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree(同意), hope(希望), decide(决定), need(需要), mean(打算), wish(希望), fail(失败), want(想要), begin(开始), would like(想要)等。
He has decided to go to the countryside.他已决心去乡下。
四、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构可以作动词know、think、find out等的宾语。
I don’t know who to ask.我真不知道该问谁。
五、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”可以作动词show、teach、ask等后面的直接宾语。
She told me where to find the earphone.她告诉我什么地方可以找到耳机。
六、如果宾语太长，可用it作形式宾语，构成“主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾语不足语(名词或形容词)+ to do sth”结构，谓语动词常为find、think、feel等。
I found it difficult to stop him.我发现拦截他很困难。
七、动词不定式可以作介词的宾语。
Autumn harvest is about to start.秋收即将开始。
I’m worrying about what to do next.我正愁下一步该怎么办。
八、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。
I have a lot of books to read.我有许多书要读。
此时，如果动词不定式动词为不及物动词，后面的介词绝对不能省略。
We had only a cold room to live in.我们只有寒室一间。
九、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有主谓关系。
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.他总是第一个到，最后一个走。
十、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词之间只有修饰关系。
We have no time to go to town today.今天我们没有时间去城里。
十一、作状语的动词不定式常表示目的、原因、方向、结果等。
I’m glad to meet you.见到你，我很高兴。
They ran over to welcome the foreign guests.他们跑过来欢迎外宾。
十二、不定式复合结构“for sb to do sth”可用作主语、表语、定语、状语等。
It’s for her to decide.这得由她来决定。（表语）
There are many books for you to read.这有许多书供你阅读。（定语）
The book ids too difficult for children to read.这本书太难了，孩子们看不懂。（结果状语）
不定式复合结构作主语时，需注意：
It’s + 形容词 + for / of + sb + to do sth.当上面的形容词指的是to do sth的性质时，用介词for。
It’s dangerous for children to swim in the river.孩子在这条河里游泳很危险。（游泳这件事情危险）
当上面的形容词指的是sb的性质时，用介词of。这些形容词往往修饰人：good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, nice, clever, right, wrong, careful, careless
It was careless of you to do that.你这么做真粗心。（你这个人粗心）
十三、动词hear, see, feel, watch, notice, look at, listen to等后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不能带to, 即常见的形式为: hear sb do sth等
Many people like to watch others play games.许多人喜欢看别人玩游戏.十四、let, make, have后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语, 也不能带to;help后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语, to可有可无
She let us meet her at the station, but she didn’t come.她让我们去车站迎接她,卡她没有来.十五、十三和十四这两种情况下的动词不定式在改被动语态句子时,必须将省略的to还原,也就是说,动词后需跟带to的动词不定式.We heard him sing every day.He was heard to sing every day.那时每天都听到他唱歌.十六、跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词还有: ask, beg, leave, like, love, hate, prefer, order, teach, tell, believe, find, know, want, think, understand, would like等
形式为: ask sb to do sth
Would you like me to visit him? 要不要我拜访他?
I would prefer you not to come tomorrow.我宁愿你明天不要来.He ask the driver to stop the motobike.他要那位司机拦下那辆摩托车.十七、区别下列词组的不同含义:
①like to do sth
like doing sth
②stop to do sth
stop doing sth
③remember to do sth
remember doing sth
④forget to do sth
forget doing sth
十八、It takes sb some time to do sth.花费某人一段时间干某事.It took me half an hour to do my homework yesterday.昨天我花了半小时做回家作业.It took Jim an hour and a half to read the book.吉姆花了一个半小时看这本书.It took mother one and a half hours to do the housework.母亲花了一个半小时干家务.用汉字表述上面的句型为:It + take + 人 + 一段时间 + to do sth.一段时间形式往往为像这样的例子:fifteen minutes15分钟,an hour一个小时, two days两天, half a month半个月,a year and a half一年半...等等
十九、不定式的特殊句型too…to…
①too…to
太…以至于…
He is too excited to speak.他太激动了，说不出话来。
----Can I help you ? 需要我帮忙吗?
----Well, I'm afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same.不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。
②如在too前有否定词，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定，too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意 为“不太”。
It's never too late to mend.(谚语)
改过不嫌晚。
③当too 前面有only, all, but时，意思是：非常… 等于very。
I'm only too pleased to be able to help you.我非常高兴能帮助你。
He was but too eager to get home.他非常想回家。
二十、不定式的特殊句型Why not
“Why not +动词原形”表达向某人提出建议，翻译为：“为什么不……?” “干吗不……?”例如：
Why not take a holiday?
干吗不去度假?
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