第一篇：六级翻译常用词汇：中国历史、文化1
六级翻译常用词汇：历史、文化1
京剧 Peking opera
秦腔 Qin opera
功夫Kongfu
太极Tai Chi
口技 ventriloquism
木偶戏puppet show, puppy, pet
皮影戏 shadow play
折子戏 opera highlights
杂技 acrobatics
相声 witty dialogue comedy
刺绣 embroidery
苏绣 Suzhou embroidery
泥人 clay figure
书法 calligraphy
中国画 traditional Chinese painting
水墨画 Chinese brush painting
中国结 Chinese knot
中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China
火药 gun powder
印刷术printing
造纸术 paper-making
指南针 the compass
青铜器 bronze ware
瓷器 porcelain;china
唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty
景泰蓝cloisonne 武术 martial arts
儒家思想Confucianism
儒家文化 Confucian culture
道教 Taoism
墨家Mohism
法家 Legalism
佛教 Buddhism, Buddha
孔子 Confucius
孟子 Mencius
老子 Lao Tzu
庄子 Chuang Tzu
墨子 Mo Tzu
孙子Sun Tzu
象形文字 pictographic characters
文房四宝(笔墨纸观)the Four Treasures of the Study(brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)
《大学》The Great Learning
《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean
《论语》The Analects of Confucius
《孟子》The Mencius
《孙子兵法》The Art of War
《三国演义》Three Kingdoms
《西游记》Journey to the West
《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions
《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes
《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers
《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror
《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals
《史记》Historical Records
《诗经》The Book of Songs
《易经》The I Ching;The Book of Changes
《礼记》The Book of Rites
《三字经》Three-character Scriptures
八股文 eight-part essay
五言绝句 five-character quatrain
七言律诗 seven-character octave
旗袍 cheongsam
中山装 Chinese tunic suit
唐装 Tang suit
风水 Fengshui;geomantic omen
阳历 Solar calendar
阴历 Lunar calendar
闰年 leap year
十二生肖zodiac
春节 the Spring Festival
元宵节 the Lantern Festival
清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day
端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival
中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day
重阳节 the Double-ninth Day
七夕节 the Double-seventh Day
春联 spring couplets
庙会 temple fair
爆竹 firecracker
年画(traditional)New Year pictures
压岁钱 New Year gift-money
舞龙dragon dance
元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings
花灯 festival lantern
灯谜 lantern riddle
舞狮 lion dance
踩高跷 stilt walking
赛龙舟 dragon boat race
胡同hutong
长城 the Great Wall of China
烽火台 beacon tower
秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang
兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses
大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda
丝绸之路the Silk Road
敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes
华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs
五台山"Wutai Mountain
九华山 Jiuhua Mountain
蛾眉山Mount Emei 泰山 Mount Tai
黄山 Mount Huangshan;the Yellow Mountain
故宫 the Imperial Palace
天坛 the Temple of Heaven
午门 Meridian Gate
大运河 Grand Canal
护城河the Moat
回音壁Echo Wall
居庸关 Juyongguan Pass
九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall
黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi
十三陵 the Ming Tombs
苏州园林 Suzhou gardens
西湖 West Lake
九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley
日月潭 Sun Moon Lake
布达拉宫Potala Palace
鼓楼 drum tower
四合院 quadrangle;courtyard complex
孔庙 Confucius Temple
喇嘛Lama
乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha
十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha
第二篇：六级翻译
时光的唯一作用就在于它筛出了糟粕，因为只有真正优秀的文学作品才能存留下来。那些杰出的伟人不会从这个世界消失，它们的灵魂保存在书本里，云游四方。书是活的声音，它所包含的智慧今人依然聆听。因此，我们依然时刻受到过去伟人的影响。那些世界巨匠像过去一样活在人世间。
The only effect of time has been to sift out the bad products;for nothing in literature can long survive but what is really good.The great and good do not die from this world.Embalmed in books,their spirits walk abroad.The book is a living voice.It is an intellect to which one still listens.The great and the good will be always remembered as time goes by.书籍具有不朽的精神，他们是迄今为止人类所创造持续最久的产品。宇宙会损坏，塑像会颓废，但是书籍却能常存人间。对于思想而言，时间并不重要，它们今天让然能同多年前第一次在作者的头脑中刚刚产生时那样鲜活。当年的话语和思想如今依然通过书本在向我们生动的述说。
Books possess the essence of immortality.They are by far the most lasting products of human effort.The universe can be damaged,temples and statues decay,but books survive.Time is of no account with great thoughts,which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author's minds ages ago.What was then said an thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page.老年为少年之过来人，少年为老年之候补者，老与少，只不过时间上之差别而已。然中国习惯，对老少之间，往往划有无形界限。在客观上，有时重老而轻少，有时重少而轻老。在主观上，老者自恃其老，少年自矜其少。几千年来，遂形成老者自以为持重练达而菲薄少年为少不更事；而少年自以为新锐精进而轻蔑老者为老朽昏庸。此真所谓偏颇两失之见也。Old Age and Young The aged are the antecedents of the young, and the young are the candidates of the aged.The difference between age and youth is only a matter of time.But, according to the Chinese custom, there is always an invisible line of demarcation between them.Objectively speaking,sometimes the aged are held in esteem and the young are made light of;sometimes it is just the other way round.Subjectively speaking, the aged are self-conceited because of their good old age, while the young think no small beer of their own youth.For thousands of years it has been assumed that the aged, thinking themselves experienced and more skillful, look down upon the young for their greenness in worldly affairs, while the young, thinking themselves fresh in life and more energetic, call the aged old fogies.Either of these views, of course, is far from being impartial.《红楼梦》问世二百年以来,通过汉文原文和各种译文读过此书的人,不知有多少亿！这么多的读者哪一个是先看批评家的文章,然而再让批评家牵着鼻子走,按图索骥地去读原作呢?我看是绝无仅有的。一切文学作品,特别是象《红楼梦》这样伟大的作品,内容异常地丰富,涉及到的社会层面异常地多,简直象是一个宝山，一座迷宫。而读者群就更加复杂，他们来读《红楼梦》，会各就自己的特点，欣赏该书中的某一个方面，受到鼓舞，受到启发，引起了喜爱；也可能受到打击，引起了憎恶。总之是千差万别。Ever since the publication of
A Dream of Red Mansions some 200 years ago, hundreds of millions of people have read its Chinese original or its translations in various languages.Of these innumerable people, how many have read the novel by starting with a perusal of the critics' articles and allowing themselves to be led by the nose by the critics as to how to read the novel? Next to none.All literary works, especially a monumental
one like A Dream of Red Mansions, are extremely rich in content and involve diverse social strata-to such an extent that they virtually resemble a mountain of treasure or a labyrinth.And the readers are even more complicated, differing from each other in family background.They will each appreciate a certain aspect of the novel according to their own individuality.They may feel inspired and enlightened, and hence love it, or they may feel hurt, and hence loathe it.In short, there actions vary.一个好青年必须身体健康。无论从事什么行业，健康的身体才是成功的基础。它使我们能够努力工作，坚定不移；使我能够奋斗，坚持下去。除此之外，我们更能适应当前的工作，能为成功而奋斗，能够忍受艰苦，能够报效国家。一个好青年必须培养良好，高尚的品格。很多学问渊博的人误入歧途。他们对社会甚至对国家的破坏大于贡献。他们只追求自己的利益，而不知道道德为何物。这个观点看来，“德行”对一个优秀青年更为重要。对于一个好青年来说，学问是自己的事，不能依靠别人。
A good young man must have a healthy body condition.No matter what kind of job you engaged in,a healthy body is the base of success.It makes us work hard and unswervingly;it makes us endeavor and insist.Besides these,we can adapt to the present job better,fight for the success,bear the hardships and serve our country.A good young man must cultivate a fine and lofty character..Many learned people go astray and the harm they have done to the society or even the country exceeds his dedication.They only chased after their personal interests without knowing what the morality is.From this point of view,“morality”is more important to an excellent young man.To a good young man,knowledge is his own business,and he can not depend on others.九寨沟的山水风光，纵有万丽千奇，一旦离开原始的自然美，就一切都没有了。”他们的见解是精辟的。当你步入沟中，便可见树正群海荡漾生辉，瀑布舒洒碧玉。一到金秋，满山枫叶绛红。盛夏，湖山幽翠。仲春，树绿花艳„四时都呈现出它的天然原始，宁静幽深。All the beauty of Jiuzhaigou is endowed by nature.If the natural charm were removed, there would be no more of Jiuzhaigou.Mystic lakes and sparkling waterfalls captivate your eyes as you enter the ravine.The trees are their greenest in spring when intensified by colorful flowers.In summer, warm tints spread over the hills and lake lands.As summer merges into autumn, the maple trees turn fiery-red, splashing color through the thickly forested hills.Tranquility pervades primitive Jiuzhaigou throughout the year.近代以来，亚洲经历了曲折和艰难的发展历程。亚洲人们为改变自己的命运，始终以不屈的意志和艰辛的奋斗开辟前进道路。今天，人们所看到的亚洲发展成就，是勤劳智慧的亚洲人民不屈不挠、锲而不舍奋斗的结果。
亚洲人民深知，世界上没有放之四海而皆准的发展模式，也没有一成不变的发展道路，亚洲人民勇于变革创新，不断开拓进取，探索和开辟适应时代潮流，符合自身实际的发展道路，为经济社会发展打开了广阔前景。
In modern times, Asia experienced twists and turns in its development.To change their destiny,the people of Asia have been forging ahead in an indomitable spirit and with hard struggle.Asia's development achievements today are the result of the persistent efforts of the industrious and talented Asian people.The people of Asia are fully aware that there is no ready model or unchanging
path of development that is universally applicable.They never shy away from reform and innovation.Instead, they are committed to exploring and finding development paths that are in line with the trend of the times and their own situations, and have opened up bright prospects for economic and social development.截至2003年12月，欧盟15个成员国来华投资项目数已达16158个，合同外资金额约650亿美元，实际投入378亿美元。与此同时，中国的一些大企业如联想、海尔、华为、TCL等，也开始在欧盟投资设厂或成立营销、研发中心。欧盟还一直是中国引进先进技术和设备的重要来源。中国与欧盟在先进技术，尤其是高科技产品方面的合作有助于欧盟扩大对华出口，也有利于中国企业产业升级、技术更新，符合双方利益，具有很大的发展空间。
By the end of December 2003, the 15 members of the EU had altogether invested in 16,158 projects in China with the contractual investment worth of US$ 65 billion and with the actually utilized investment ofUS$ 37.8 billion.At the same time, some of China's big companies like Lenovo, Haier, Huawei Technologyand TCL have started to make investment in the EU member states to establish plants or marketing, R centers.The EU has always been an important source of technology and equipment import for China.The Sino-EU cooperation in the field of advanced technologies,especially the new and high-tech products, helps expand the EU export to China and also helps Chinese enterprises upgrade their industries, renovate their technologies.All these are in the interests of both sides and have considerable space for further growth.尽管全球大量的电子产品和鞋等都是中国制造，但这些产品的设计都是在欧美或日本完成的。中国公司制造自己品牌的产品时，通常是模仿国外。但如今不同了，他们都想开创自己的品牌。随着中国公司在设计上的改进，跨国公司意识到，他们的产品需要专门针对中国消费者的品味进行“量身定做”了。这些使中国设计产业开始繁荣起来。
Although large numbers of global electronic products and shoes are made in China,the design of these products are finished by Europe and America of Japan.In the past,the Chinese companies usually imitated foreign countries when producing their own brand products.But nowadays it is all different.They want to create their own brand.Along with the design improvement of the Chinese companies,the multination companies realize that their product need to be “tailored”to be the taste of Chinese consumers.All of these make the Chinese design industry become prosperous.我们的现代化建设，必须从中国的实际出发。无论是革命还是建设，都要注意学习和借鉴外国经验。但是，照抄照搬别国经验、别国模式，从来不能得到成功。这方面我们有过教训。把马克思主义的普遍真理同我国的具体实际结合起来，走自己的道路，建设有中国特色的社会主义，这就是我们总结长期历史经验得出的基本结论。
Our country's modernization must start from the reality of China.Either on the revolution of the construction we need to learn and draw the experience from the foreign countries.But we will never win the success if we mechanically copy other countries' experience or formats.We have already had the lesson in this aspect.It is the basic conclusion which we summarized the long-term historical experience that we should combine the Marxism's universal truth with out specific situation together,walking on our own roads and building up the socialism with Chineseaharacteristic.
第三篇：六级 翻译（范文模版）
上海自贸试验区，称之为“pilot free trade zone”（简写pilot FTZ）。其中“pilot”一词为“试验”之义。商务部的英文页面在发布相关信息时，也曾有“China(Shanghai）Pilot FTZ”的表述
“一带一路（One Belt and One Road）”是指“丝绸之路经济带（the Silk Road Economic Belt）”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路（the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road）”。总书记在去年9月和10月分别提出建设“一带”和“一路”的战略构想，强调相关各国要打造互利共赢的“利益共同体（benefit community）”和共同发展繁荣的“命运共同体（fate community）”。
“一带一路”是习近平担任中国最高领导人之后提出的重要国际性合作倡议（international cooperation initiative）之一。“一带一路”的建设，顺应了全球化趋势和各国抱团取暖、共同合作的愿望，有着良好的发展前景。此次APEC北京峰会还将讨论启动亚太自由贸易区（the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific），一旦与“一带一路”成功对接，将史无前例地将北美、西欧、东亚这三大世界经济中心连为一体，塑造世界地缘经济（geo-economy）的新格局。
另一个热门辞汇是习近平说的“老虎苍蝇一起打”，外媒直译成“Hunting Tigers and Flies”。
外媒报道中国的热门辞汇是：“中国经济新常态”译为“China's New Normal”；“一带一路”译为“The Belt and Road Initiatives”；
互联网+（Internet Plus）
出处：我想站在“互联网+”的风口上顺势而为，会使中国经济飞起来。（李克强答记者问）
2015年译文：Everyone stands a chance to fly when there is favorable wind blowing from behind.I believe with the tail wind generated by our Internet Plus strategy we will be able to bring Chinese economy offto a new level.中国制造2025（Made in China 2025）
出处：要实施“中国制造2025”，坚持创新驱动、智能转型、强化基础、绿色发展，加快从制造大国转向制造强国。（2015年李克强政府工作报告）
译文：We will implement the “Made in China 2025” strategy, seek innovation-driven development;apply smart technologies;strengthen foundations;pursue green development;and redouble our efforts to upgrade China from a manufacturer of quantity to one of quality.大众创业、万众创新
出处：推动大众创业、万众创新。这既可以扩大就业、增加居民收入，又有利于促进社会纵向流动和公平正义。
译文：We will also encourage people to start their own businesses and to make innovations, which will not only create more jobs and increase personal incomes, but also improve upwards social mobility and social equity and justice.餐桌污染（food contamination）
出处：着力治理餐桌污染，食品药品安全形势总体稳定。
译文：Serious efforts were made to prevent food contamination, and on the whole the situation was kept stable in food and medicine safety.
职业教育vocational education；professional education 《红楼梦》由曹雪芹和高鹗所著。小说以贾氏家族为故事核心，描述了贾家从一个富裕、有权有势的家族沦落为破落家庭的过程。小说成功塑造了100多个经典人物，他们分属于清朝的不同阶层。《红楼梦》对中国的封建社会有深刻的描绘,如果要了解中国人复杂的价值观,最好先能读懂《红楼梦》。毛主席评价道：“《红楼梦》不仅是爱情故事，也是历史故事，因为它描述了封建时代的兴败。”
【翻译词汇】
《红楼梦》 A Dream of Red Mansions
由…所著 be attributed to
家族 clan
富裕 affluent
权势 prestige
沦落为 descend to
塑造 portray
阶层 rank
封建社会 feudal society
复杂 complexity 参考译文：
A Dream of Red Mansions is attributed to Cao Xueqin and Gao-E.The author chose Jia Clan as the focus, depicting how an affluent and influential family with prestige lost its favor and descended to crash.In the novel, about 100 classic characters are successfully portrayed.These characters concern people of all ranks in the Qing Dynasty.A Dream of Red Mansions is a remarkable story about Chinese feudal society.To understand Chinese values in all its complexity, one can do no better than to read A Dream of Red Mansions.“It is not only a love story, but also a history story, because it describes the success and failure of the feudal period,” said Chairman Mao.翻译原文：
最近，一些地方大学开始将方言列为某些学生的必修课程，学生们要学习当地方言，然后被评分以作为毕业的依据之一。一方面，支持此种做法的人认为，将方言列为必修课可防止其消失，从而使当地传统文化和文化多样性得以弘扬，同时城市独特的个性得以保留。另一方面，反对此种做法的人争论说，当地学生与外地学生相比有很多绝对优势，因此将方言列为必修课会引起教育不公平的问题。而且，将方言列为必修课程还会引起一些其他问题，如教材使用、师资问题和考试标准等。在我看来，方言作为传统文化不可缺少的一部分和一种交流工具，可以让学生自愿学习和使用，而不是强制完成。
【翻译词汇】
方言 dialect
必修课程 compulsory course
依据 judging factor
支持 approve
消失 extinguish
文化多样性 cultural diversity
弘扬 enhance
个性 identity
争论说 contend
绝对的 absolute
引起 give rise to/bring forth
考试标准 examination standard
不可缺少的 indispensable
自愿地 voluntarily
学习acquire 参考译文：
Recently, it has been practiced by some local universities that dialect is made a compulsory course for some students, under which students are subject to learning the local dialect and then graded as one of the judging factors for them to graduate.On the one hand, people approving the practice maintain that it will help to prevent the dialect from extinguishing so that the local traditional culture and the cultural diversity can be enhanced, and the unique urban identity can be preserved simultaneously.On the other hand, people in opposition to the practice contend that it will give rise to the appearance of educational inequality, for the local students will enjoy absolute advantages over those from other places.Moreover, the inclusion of dialect in compulsory courses will bring forth other problems like teaching material, teachers and examination standards.As far as I am concerned, dialects, as an indispensable part of local traditional culture as well as a tool for communication, can be acquired and used voluntarily, not compulsorily.翻译原文：
选秀(draft),指选拔在某方面表现优秀的人。中国自古就有，古代选秀一般是宫廷选秀。从2004年《超级女声》开始，大众选秀节目开始进入我们的视线，这类几乎“零门槛(zero of threshold)”的选秀活动让所有人都有机会成为明星。之后的《好男儿》、《快乐男声》、《我型我秀》还有《中国好声音》等等选秀活动一一登场，几乎一刻都没有让中国的电视观众闲着。通过这些选秀活动，很多有才能的 “平民百姓”实现了自己的梦想，走上了星光大道(avenue of stars)。
参考译文：
A draft refers to a procedure during which people who perform well in a certain aspect are picked out.In ancient China, there were also drafts which generally referred to court drafts.From the year 2004 when Super Girl was on, talent show programs began to come into our sight.Such kind of nearly“zero threshold”talent show offers everyone an opportunity to become popular.Later,there came MyHero, Super Boy, My Show and The Voice of China.As these talent show programs appeared oneby one,Chinese TV audience hardly had time to rest.Through these talent show programs, man ytalented “ordinary people”realized their dreams and stepped on the avenue of stars.翻译原文：
故宫，又名紫禁城，为明清共二十四位皇帝统治中国近500年的皇宫。它位于北京市中心，在天安门广场的北侧，形状为长方形。南北长960米，东西宽750米，占地72公顷，总建筑面积达15万平方米。故宫是世界上现存规模最大、最完整的古代木构宫殿。它分为外朝和内廷两部分，外朝是皇帝上朝处理国家大事的地方，内廷是皇帝和皇室的居住地。1987年，故宫被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产。
翻译词汇：
故宫 the Imperial Palace
紫禁城 the Forbidden City
天安门广场 Tian’anmen Square
长方形 rectangular
建筑面积 floor space
现存 in existence
上朝 give audience
处理 handle
世界文化遗产 World Cultural Heritage 参考译文：
The Imperial Palace, also called the Forbidden City was the palace where the 24 emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties ruled China for roughly 500 years.The Imperial Palace is located in the center of Beijing, on the northern side of Tian’anmen Square, rectangular in shape, 960 meters from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, with an area of 72 hectares and a total floor space of 150 000 square meters.It’s the world’s largest and most integral palace made of wood in existence.The Forbidden City is divided into two parts: the outer court and the inner court.The outer court was the place where the emperors gave audience and handled state affairs, while the inner court was the living quarters for the emperors and their families.In 1987 the Imperial Palace was listed by the UNESCO as one of the World Cultural Heritage sites.庙会(temple fair)是中国的一种传统民俗活动。有传说认为，庙会源于古人祭祀土地神(village god),后来渐渐演变成商品交易市场和文化表演场所。庙会通常在庙里或寺庙附近的露天场地举行，时间常在节日或特定的日子。有些庙会只在春节举行。尽管不同地区的庙会时间不同，但是内容相似。农民和商人出售自己的农产品、玉器、花鸟鱼虫等;工匠摆摊展示并出售手工艺品;民间艺术家搭建舞台表演歌舞;普通民众来庙会购买商品、观看表演以及品尝特色小吃。
【参考译文】
The temple fair is a traditional folk activity in China.Legend has it that it originated in ancient times when people offered sacrifices to the village god, which later gradually evolved into a marketplace for people to exchange products and a place for cultural performance.The temple fairs, usually on the open ground or near a temple, are held on festivals or specified days.Some are held only during the Spring Festival.Although different places hold their temple fairs on various dates, the contents are similar.Farmers and merchants sell their farm produce, jade articles, flowers, birds and fish, etc.;craftsmen set up their stalls to show and sell their handicrafts;folk artists establish a stage for singing and dancing;ordinary people come to the temple fair to buy goods, watch the performances and eat special snacks.网上炫富
1.目前有一些人喜欢在网上炫.2.人们对这一现象的看法不一
3.我的看法
Displaying Wealth Online
Nowadays, it is not rare to see people displaying their wealth on the Internet.Some post pictures of luxury goods, such as brand clothes and bags, luxurious automobiles or jewelries.Some write about their experiences in which a lot of money is spent.People have different responses to this phenomenon.Some say that it is people’s right to share their possessions or experiences with others on the Internet, as long as the things are legal and the experiences real.However, some criticize that the rich people are too arrogant.What’s worse, there are also a few who are not actually rich but put fake photos only to satisfy their vanity.In my opinion, sharing is a good thing, and it is exactly the spirit of the Internet.But people should make careful choice on what they are sharing.After all, showing off is not very nice, not to mention faking.
第四篇：六级翻译[推荐]
1)quite 相当 quiet 安静地 2)affect v 影响, 假装 effect n 结 果, 影响 3)adapt 适应 adopt 采用 adept 内行 4)angel 天使 angle 角度 5)dairy 牛奶厂 diary 日记 6)contend 奋斗, 斗争 content 内容, 满足的 context 上下文 contest 竞争, 比赛 7)principal 校长, 主要的 principle 原则 8)implicit 含蓄的 explicit 明白 的 9)dessert 甜食 desert 沙漠 v 放 弃 dissert 写论文 10)pat 轻拍 tap 轻打 slap 掌击 rap 敲，打 11)decent 正经的 descent n 向 下, 血统 descend v 向下 12)sweet 甜的 sweat 汗水 13)later 后来 latter 后者 latest 最近的 lately adv 最近14)costume 服装 custom习惯 15)extensive 广泛的 intensive 深刻的 16)aural 耳的 oral 口头的 17)abroad 国外 aboard 上(船，飞机)18)altar 祭坛 alter 改变 19)assent 同意 ascent 上升 accent 口音 20)champion 冠军 champagne 香槟酒 campaign 战役 21)baron 男爵 barren 不毛之地 的 barn 古仓 22)beam 梁，光束 bean 豆 been have 过去式 23)precede 领先 proceed 进 行，继续 24)pray 祈祷 prey 猎物 25)chicken 鸡 kitchen 厨房 26)monkey 猴子 donkey 驴 27)chore 家务活 chord 和弦 cord 细绳 28)cite 引用 site 场所 sight 视 觉 29)clash(金属)幢击声 crash 碰 幢，坠落 crush 压坏 30)compliment 赞美 complement 附加物 31)confirm 确认 conform 使顺 从 32)contact 接触 contract 合同 contrast 对照 33)council 议会 counsel 忠告 consul 领事 34)crow 乌鸦 crown 王冠 clown 小丑 cow 牛 35)dose 一剂药 doze 打盹 36)drawn draw 过去分词 drown 溺水 37)emigrant 移民到国外 immigrant 从某国来的移民 38)excess n 超过 exceed v超过 excel 擅长 39)hotel 旅店 hostel 青年旅社 40)latitude 纬度 altitude 高度 gratitude 感激 41)immoral 不道德 的 immortal 不朽的 42)lone 孤独的 alone 单独的 lonely 寂寞的 43)mortal 会死的 metal 金属 mental 神经的 medal 勋章 model 模 特meddle 玩弄 44)scare 惊吓 scarce 缺乏的 45)drought 天旱 draught 通风, 拖 拉 draughts(英)国际跳棋 47)assure 保证 ensure 使确定 insure 保险 48)except 除外 expect 期望 accept 接受 excerpt 选录 exempt 免 除 49)floor 地板 flour 面粉 50)incident 事件 accident 意外 51)inspiration 灵感 aspiration 渴望 52)march 三月, 前进 match 比 赛 53)patent 专利 potent 有力的 potential 潜在的 54)police 警察 policy 政策 politics 政治 55)protest 抗议 protect 保护 56)require 需要 inquire 询问 enquire 询问 acquire 获得 57)revenge 报仇 avenge 为...报 仇 58)story 故事 storey 楼层 store 商店 59)strike 打 stick 坚持 strict 严 格的 60)expand 扩张 expend 花费 extend 延长 61)commerce 商业 commence 开始 62)through 通过 thorough 彻底 的(al)though 尽管 thought think 过 去分词 63)purpose 目的 suppose 假设 propose 建议 64)expect 期望 respect 尊敬 aspect 方面 inspect 视察 suspect 怀 疑 65)glide 滑翔 slide 使滑行 slip 跌落 66)steal 偷 steel 钢 67)strive 努力 stride 大步走 68)allusion 暗示 illusion 幻觉 delusion 错觉 elusion 逃避 69)prospect 前景 perspective 透视法 70)stationery 文具 stationary 固定的 71)loose 松的 lose 丢失 loss n 损失 lost lose过去式 72)amend 改正, 修正 emend 校 正
第五篇：六级翻译
(一）《孙子兵法》（The Art of War）是中国古代最重要的一部军事著作之一，是我国优秀传统文化重要组成部分。孙子（Sun Tzu），即该书作者，在书中揭示的一系列具有普遍意义的军事规律，不仅受到军事家们的推崇，还在经济领域，领导艺术，人生追求甚至家庭关系等诸多方面，均有广泛的指导作用。《孙子兵法》中许多名言警句（epigram），富有哲理，意义深远，在国内外广为流传。如今《孙子兵法》中的语言，在世界军事史上具有重要地位。
译点精析：
1、普遍意义的——universal，军事规律——military laws
2、具有广泛的指导作用——play an extensive guiding role.“广泛的”还可以翻译为far-reaching或broad
3、人生追求——the pursuit of life
4、名言警句——famous sayings and epigrams5、意义深远——have profound meanings
6、广为流传—— be widely circulated。”流传“还可用spread表示
参考译文：The Are of War is one of the most important ancient Chinese military literary works,and serves as an important part of outstanding traditional culture in China.Sun Tzu,The author of the book,revealed a series of universal military laws which are not only valued by militarists but also play an extensive guiding role in several fields such as economy,art of leadership,the pursuit of life and even family relationship.There are a lot of famous sayings and epigrams in The Art of War that are rich in wisdom and have profound meanings and are thus widely circulated both at home and abroad.Nowadays The Art of War has been translated into many languages and it also plays an important role in the military history of the world.（二）太极（Tai Chi）是中国文化史上的一个重要概念。太极拳（traditional Chinese shadow boxing）包含一系列缓慢的动作，旨在修炼身心。它是一种舞蹈却不需要随音乐起舞，你只需聆听内心的节奏。太极拳是中国武术（martial art）的一种，他创自数千年前，原本是一种自卫的技艺。全世界成千上万人练习它，主要是由于它对人类健康的神奇作用。因为他将身体动作，平静、冥想（meditative）心境结合起来，所以他长被称作“冥想运动（meditation in motion）”。
【译点精析】
修炼身心——physical and spiritual practice或者physical and mental practice。
不需要音乐起舞——dot no need to dance to music,其中dance...to固定表达，随着...起舞
一种自卫技艺——a self-defensive skill,defensive 译为防御的，防卫的。
它对人类健康的神奇作用——its miraculous effects on human’s health
将身体动作，平静、冥想（meditative）心境结合起来——combines the body’s movements with the calm and meditative state of mind。将...与...结合起来可译为combine...with...state of mind心境
【参考译文】
Tai Chi is a significant notion in Chinese cultural history.Traditional Chinese shadow boxing includes a series of slow movements aiming at the physical and spiritual practice.It is a kind of dance but you do not need to dance to music.You just need to listen to the rhythm of your heart.Traditional Chinese shadow boxing is a kind of Chinese martial art.It was created thousands of years ago and originally used as a selfdefensive skill.It is practiced by thousands of people around the world mostly because of its miraculous effects on human’s health.It is often called “meditation in motion”because it combines the body’s movement-s with the calm and meditative state of mind.（三）电子书（e-book）通常指数字化出版物，它可以包含文字、图片、声音、影像或几者兼有。现在人们经常使用智能手机（smartphone）、平板电脑（tablet）或者专门为电子书制造的电子阅读器来阅读电子书。电子书内容丰富，便于存储，而且价格低廉，有助于阅读的普及。从传统意义上讲，电子书是纸质书的电子化，但现在许多电子书并没有纸质的对应物。电子书以数字形式存储，因此人们随时都可以阅读。2012年，美国电子书的销量首次超过精装书（handcover book）。
[译点精析]
1、数字化译为digitized，而不是digital，是要强调动作概念。
2、专门为...制造译为specially made for...3、阅读的普及：the popularity of reading
4、版本的英文表达version，纸质书译为printed books
5、纸质的对应物：”对应物“可译为equivalent
6、超过：可用surpassed表示，还可以用exceed表示 冲刺备考建议
首先，在进行翻译练习时，尽量力求翻译答案多样化，特别化。常用的简单的表达方式尽量不要用了，选择一些不常用的复杂一点的表达方式会让我们的翻译内容显得更有水平。
其次，掌握重点核心表达，多背搭配，同时利用经典搭配多造句子，完善语法结构。这样不仅可以扩展思维、开阔思路，同时可以提高自己的写作水平。
最后，分析历年真题，强化重点语法知识。如倒装结构、虚拟语气、比较结构、定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动词等。
翻译原文：E-books generally refer to digitized publications.They can include words,pictures,sounds,images,or a combination of two or more.Now people often read e-books with smartphones,tablets,or e-books readers that are specially made for e-books.E-books have colorful contents and are convenient to store.Their prices are cheap and they are conductive to the popularity of reading.E-books are traditionally believed as an electronic version of the printed books.but now many e-books exist without any printed equivalent.E-books are stored digitally,so they can be read at any time.In 2012,e-books sales in the United States surpassed hardcover book sales for the first time.（四）孔子是中國著名的思想家，教育家，以及儒教（Confucianism）的創立者。他的學說深刻影響了中國兩千多年的歷史。孔子因其哲學家思想而著名，他在當時說過很多著名的言論。這些言論幫助人們認識自然，世界和人類行為。他也幫助過政府和帝王。孔子教他們如何成功管理自己的王國。孔子的言論主要收錄在《孔子論語》（Analects of Confucius）一書中。它們反映了孔子政治和道德觀。
Confucius is a famous ancient Chinese thinker ,educator ,and founder of Confucianism which deeply influences China for more than two years.Confucius is famous for his philosophy because he made many wise sayings in ancient China.Those sayings helped people learn about nature ,world ,and human behavior.He also helped the government and the emperor.He taught them lessons on how to rule his kingdom successfully.Confucius's thoughts were mainly collected in the Analects of Confucius.They relects Confucius's thoughts on politics and ethics.解析：
第二句的學說即是儒教，所以可以用定語從句將其與第一句連接起來。影響可以說influence，have an influence on···
Be famous for=be known for因···而著名。
Teach sb.Sth.教某人某事
（五）京剧（Peking Opera）已有200多年的历史，是中国的国剧。与其他地方戏相比，京剧享有更高的声誉，但其实京剧融合了多种地方戏的元素。京剧演员的脸谱（facial make-up）和戏服都很精美，相比之下舞台布景则十分简单，表演者主要应用四种技能：唱、念、做、打。京剧较擅长于表现历史题材的政治，军事斗争，故事大多取自历史演义和小说话本（historic and fictional stories）。在古代，京剧大多是在户外演出的，因此演员们形成了一种有穿透力的唱腔，以便每个人都能听到。
【译点精析】
1,享有更高的声誉——enjoys a higher reputation
2, 戏服——costume
3,相比之下——by contrast
4,舞台布景——backdrop，如果不知道这个词，也可以用background。
5,政治军事斗争——political and military struggle，斗争还可译为battle。
6,在户外——in the open air或者outdoors。
7,形成可用develop表示，而不用shape或form。”有穿透力的“译为piercing。唱腔乍看可能不好翻译，其实就是歌唱的风格，即style of song。
【参考译文】
Peking Opera,as the national opera of China,has a history of more than 200 years.Compared with other Chinese local operas,Peking Opera enjoys a higher reputation,but actually it absorbed many elements of other local operas.The facial make-up and costumes of the performers are very delicate;by contrast,the backdrops are quite plain.During performance,the performers mainly utilize four skills:song,speech,dance,and combat.Peking Opera is better at performing political and military struggle with historical themes and the performed stories are mainly from historic and fictional stories.In ancient times,Peking Opera was mostly performed in the open air,so the performers developed a piercing style of song that could be heard by everyone.自驾游（self-driving tour）属于自助旅游的一种类型，是近年来我国新兴的旅游方式，以自由、灵活、富有个性化等突出特点被旅游者接受和喜爱。自驾游在选择目的地、参与旅程设计和体验自由等方面，给旅游者提供了极大的灵活性，与传统的参团旅游（group tour）相比更具有自身的特点和魅力。随着自驾旅游者增多，自驾游市场已经成形，越来越多的旅行社、汽车俱乐部、汽车租赁公司（car rental companies）看好这个市场，并涉足这一市场的开发。
【译点精析】
1、自助旅游——self-help travel/self-service travel
2、新兴的旅游方式——a new travel mode/a new way of travel
3、自由、灵活、富有个性化等突出特点——striking characteristics of being free,flexible and personalized。striking——显著的，突出的
4、提供了极大的灵活性——provides travelers with great flexibility5、目的地——target place/destination
6、看好这个市场，并涉足这一市场的开发——are optimistic about this market and get involved in the development of the market，其中“看好”——are optimistic about表示“对...持乐观态度”“涉足”——get involved in
【参考译文】
Self—driving tour,a sort of self—help travel,is a new travel mode in China in recent years.It has won traveler's acceptance and love for its striking characteristics of being free,flexible and personalized.It provides travelers with great flexibility in selecting target place,participating in devising travel procedures and experiencing freedom,which endows it with its own characteristics and charm compared with traditional group tour.As self—driving tourists increase,self—driving tour market has taken shape.More and more travel agencies,car clubs and car rental companies are optimistic about this market and get involved in the development of the market.颐和园是世界上保存最完整的皇家园林，也是当今中国最大的皇家园林。它坐落于北京西北部的郊区，占地290公顷，主要由万寿山和昆明湖构成。在1998年12月，联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)将颐和园列入《世界遗产名录》。该名录宣称“颐和园的人工景观与自然景观和谐地融为一体，堪称中国风景园林设计中的创造性杰作”。
The Summer Palace is regarded as the best-preserved imperial garden in the world,and is the largest of its kind in modern-day China.Situated in the northwestern outskirts of Beijing,the
palace occupies an area of 290 hectares and consists mainly of Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake.In December 1998 , UNESCO included the Summer Palace on its World Heritage List.It declared
the Summer Palace an“ outstanding expression of the creative art of Chinese Landscape Garden Design,incorporating the works of humankind and nature in a harmonious whole.”
汉语多重复，而英语则常常需要避免重复，因此在翻译重复的汉语是，多采用桶词异译法，或者采用代词来进行替代。该句中of its kind来翻译重复的皇家园林。最后一句，对原文据需进行了调整，原文的两个分句是因果关系，而译文采用了伴随性定语从句来翻译。
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