2014“新东方杯”英、日翻译大赛赛事简介[小编整理]

第一篇：2014“新东方杯”英、日翻译大赛赛事简介

“新东方杯”英、日翻译大赛赛事简介

翻译是一门艺术，良好的翻译能力不但能反映出自身的素质，亦能提高自身对中外文化的吸收与表达能力。为了培养同学们的中外语言水平，为热爱英语和日语学习的同学搭建一个检验学习效果，展现自己才能的舞台，由西华大学主办，西华大学外国语学院承办的2014年“新东方杯”英、日翻译大赛于2014年3月24日正式拉开了帷幕。

此次大赛以“语翼曼舞年华，笔触编织梦想”为主题，旨在丰富同学们的课余生活，培养翻译技能，增强同学们对英语、日语的学习兴趣，增强英语、日语的学习氛围，在比赛中挖掘选手的潜能。

大赛共吸引了来自全校15个学院共计299名同学的参与。通过初赛、决赛两轮的角逐和专业老师的评审，最终产生了23名获奖选手。此次大赛同学们参与度较高，丰富了同学们的课余生活，增强了学习外语的氛围。

第二篇：工业日语日英翻译

実液運転：load running 実液：actual wastewater 水運転：non-load running 沈降槽：sedimentation tank 馴養：acclimation 曝気槽：aeration tank 嫌気槽：anaerobic tank 実廃水：actual wastewater 処理水：treated water 汚泥濃度：sludge density 検出器：detector かくはん器（撹拌器）：agitator 拡散器：diffuser スクラバー、洗浄機：scrubber 脱水機：dehydrator 送風機：blower 汚泥：sludge 蛍光灯:fluorescent lighting

蛍光灯固定具:fluorescent lighting fixture ホッパ板厚:Hopper thickness 異物：foreign substance ポジショナー、保定装置｛ほていそうち｝◆物の位置を調整するための装置や器具:positioner 安全弁：relief valve 配管：piping 洗浄タンク：cleaning tank 自動弁：automatic valve 足場：scaffolding work 止閉板設置しています：The blind plate is installed here 通常運転（上流側）：normal operation(upstream side)通常運転（下流側）：normal operation(downstream side)洗浄運転（上流側）：cleaning operation(upstream side)洗浄運転（下流側）：cleaning operation(downstream side)土地の測量、世論調査：survey 架設、組立：erection 取り付けボルト：mounting bolt 固定ボルト：fixed bolt フランジ面：frange face ネジ：screw 強度：strength 汚泥：Sludge 投入：loading 搬入：delivery ローリー車：tank truck 回路：circuit 電動機：motor 軸：shaft 羽：impeller 遠心分離機：centrifuge machine 連動装置：interlock インターロック回路：interlock circuit 損害賠償額：liquidate damage 《機械》緩衝器｛かんしょうき｝、調整弁｛ちょうせいべん｝、ダンパー：damper ポップアップテンキー：pop-up numeric keypad 手動バルブ：manual valve 仮設ストレーナー、サイトグラス：temporary strainer, sightglass スプレーバンク：spraybank ライニング(FRP)材料インサートノズル：insert nozzle for lining(FRP)material ニッケル合金：Ni Alloy 仮設工事：temporary works 仮設ハウス：a temporary house 作業スペース：work space 手洗い用流し：hand wash sink コンテナハウス：container house PLCリダンダント：PLC Redundant ＣＰＵ異常：CPU Error 検査成績書：inspection report 材料検査：material inspection 溶接検査：welding inspection 寸法検査：dimensional inspection 漏洩検査：seat leak inspection 塗装検査：painting inspection 組立装備：assembled accessories inspection 外観・寸法検査：visual and dimensinal inspection 化学分析試験(ミルシート）：chemical analysis(mill sheet)外観検査：visual inspection 仕上色検査：Finish Color Inspection スキマ計測検査：Thickness Inspection 下地処理：surface preparation 塗膜検査：film inspection 外観及びマーキング検査:visual and marking inspection 内筒：sleeve 当て板：plate 引張強さ：tensile strength 伸び：elongation 硬さ：hardness 結晶粒度：grain size 空動・手動操作ダンパ作動試験成績書：operation test result for air and manual operated damper 無負荷作動試験：No load operation 駆動装置：drive machine 電磁弁：solenoid valve 手動操作：manual operation 養生：curing 検査周期：inspection cycle 検査記録：inspection record 水張り試験：water leak test 絶縁材：insulation 空調：ventilation エポキシ塗料：Epoxy Paint アルキッド塗料：Alkyd paint 一括払い：lump-sum basis 亜鉛メッキ：zinc plating アンカーボルト：anchor bolt レーキ：Rake レべリング：leveling 手摺：Handrail 吸収塔入口ダクト：Inlet Duct of Absober 振動測定：Vibration Test 騒音測定：Noise Test 耐熱性：heat resistance 耐蝕性: corrosion resistance 施工：installation / construction 開閉時間：operation time 開度指示：position indicator リミットスイッチ：limit switches 限位开关 エア断：air fail 電磁弁：solenoid valve 電源断：electric fail 本製品はＩＳＯ9001（登録）に基づく品証システムのもとで製造、検査しております： These products are manufactured and inspected under ISO 9001 quality system.外面溶接：external welding 接地極：grounding rods 接地抵抗：grounding resistance 測定極：testing rod 開口部：opening 掘削した、発掘：excavation 外形図：outline drawing 給油口：oil inlet 直管：Straight pipe 損失水頭：head loss 圧力損失：pressure loss motor equipment 回転機器 thoroughly 完全に

boundary 境界面、限界、限度 surface 表面 flocculant 凝集剤 on site 現地 warning 警報 alarm 警報装置

insulation check 絶縁チェック overload 過負荷

受け渡し場所 delivery place 受け渡し条件 delivery terms 支払い条件 payment terms 受け渡し期間 delivery period サンドブラスト：sand blasting 表面:surface ショットブラスト：shot blasting 小鉄球：small steal balls 吸収塔下部：lower part pf absorber 循環液と入口ガスの混合部：mixing section of circulating fluid and inlet gas 流量計：Flow Meter レベル計：Level Meter ｐＨ計：pH Meter 差圧計：Differential pressure Meter 圧力計：Pressure Gauge 覗き管：Sight Glass ボイラー排ガス：Boiler Flue Gas Ｃ/Ｂ排ガス：C/B Flue Gas 処理ガス：Treated Gas ＨＯＴガス：Heated Gas 工業用水：Industrial Water テフロン膜付：teflon membrane 変換器：transmitter ホルダー：holder ＫＣＬ補給形ｐＨ電極：KCL refill type pH electrode 石膏スラリー：gypsum slurry 濾液：filtrate 自立：self standing 炭カルスラリー：limestone slurry Terminal Box/Terminal Block Type：端子箱端子台式 Class F insulation(Insulation type:F)：Ｆ種絶縁 着脱式Detachable 吐き出し量：Capacity 全楊程：Total head 出力：Motor output 電圧：Voltage 周波数：Frequency 絶縁階級：Insulation Class 乾燥重量：Dry weight キャブタイヤケーブル：Cabtire cable ケーシング：Casing 羽根車：Impeller サクションカバー：Suction cover モーター：Motor 塗装：Painting 極数：Poles チェーン：Chain 相Ｘ電圧：phase x voltage 極数：Pole 回転数：revolution 始動方式：starting method 機器名称：equipment name 機番：item no.工事番号：job no./project no.工事名称：project no.基礎ボルト穴：anchor bolt holes 吐出：discharge 吸込み：suction モータ出力：output(kw)モータ型式：motor type 全閉外扇型（モーターの種類）：TEFC（Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled）

（モーターの種類）：ODP MOTORS（Open Drip Proof）全閉外扇屋外型：Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled Outdoor Use type 据置式：floor type 耐湿：moisture proof 伝送出力：transfer output 警報出力：alarm output 廃水：wastewater 塩化濃度：chloride concentration 逆浸透（RO）膜：reverse osmosis membrane ナノろ過（NF)膜：nanofiltration membrane 限外ろ過（UF)膜：ultrafiltration membrane 精密ろ過（ME)膜：microfiltration membrane 装置の境界内: battery limit 相互接続、配線、継手、連結： interconnection 石灰石膏法：Linestome Process 工事完成：Work Completion 性能確認：Performance Comfirmation ガス条件：Gas condition 排ガス条件：Flue gas condition 処理後ガス条件：Gas condition after treatment 除去率：Removal rate 保証値：Guaranteed value 排水条件：Discharge condition 運転時間：Operating time 配置スペース：Space for layout 回収石膏：Recovering gypsum 石膏回収能力：Gypsum recovery cake 石膏組織：Gypsum composition 電源：Electrical power supply 常用：For regular use 非常用：For emergency 単相：Single-phase 三相：Three phase 露点：Dew point 石灰石(粉)：Limestone(poweder)風圧：Wind pressure 地耐力：Bearing Power 外気条件：Air condition 配管材質：Piping material 薬品：Chemicals 下処理：Surface preparation 下塗り：Basecoat 上塗り：Topcoat 立会者:witnessed by 機番：item No.両振幅：Total Amplitude 位置：point 方向：direction 垂直：vertical 水平：horizontal 回転速度：Speed of Rotation 測定距離：Measuring distance 騒音測定値：Measured Values of Noise 暗騒音：Background Noise 測定値：Measured Value 温度曲線：Temperature Curve 水温：Water Temp.納入仕様書：delivery specification 伝送出力範囲：transfer output range 水温・伝送出力範囲：water temperature transfer output range デジタル出力：digital output 上・下限警報接点出力：upper&lower limit alarm contact output 状態信号出力機能：status signal output function 電源断接点出力：power disconnection output 洗浄器制御AC100V出力：scrubber control AC100V output アレスタ内蔵：lightning arrester 取付金具：fitting ケーブル配線口：cable connection フード（日よけ）：sun shade 表記の形態：display/indication 組み込み電極：built in electrode 耐熱温度：heat resistance 保護筒の形状：shape of sleeve ケーブルグランド：cable gland PH校正キット：PH calibration kit 電極棒：electrode 5極：5 pole 極の数：No.of pole ロックナット：lock nut 浸漬型電極ホルダー（保持0器）：electrode holder for immersion type リード線：lead wire ホルダガイドアッセイ：guide holder assay レベルセンサー：level sensor クイックフロート：quick float 電極式レベルセンサー：electrode level sensor 付加仕様：additional specification 自動弁：automatic valve 圧力計：pressure valve 電極保持器：Electrode Holder 隔膜式圧力計：Diaphragm pressure gauge 圧力スイッチ：pressure switch 吸込みサイレンサー：suction silencer 羽根車：impeller 絶縁Ｅ種：class E insulation 吐出口径：discharge diameter 吐出量：capacity 周波数：frequency タケノコ：hose nipple カシメ：swage / swage tool Ｖプーリ：V pulley 吐出サイレンサー：discharge silencer キャブダイヤケーブル：cabtire cable 常用：regualr use/ general use 調温器：thermometer ガラス管式流量計：glass tube flowmeter オープンコレクター：open collector pulse 流れ方向：direction 下＝＞上：bottom => top 右＝＞左：right => left 耐熱ガラス：heat resistant glass フッ素ゴム：fluoro rubber 3相誘導電動機：3 phase induction motor 全閉外扇型モーター：totally-enclosed-fan-cooled motor 安全増防爆型電動機：increased safety motor 加工費：machining cost 仮組立：pre-assembly 取合い：（仕口のようなら）Joint,（カチッとはまるようなら）interface,connection ヒシチューブ：Hishi Tube(Heat Shrinkable Tube)熱収縮チューブ・・・・masking tube モーター出力：motor output モーター形式：motor type 回転数：revolution 減速機形式：reducer type 中速ギア減速：medium speeds(gear type)シャフト径Ｘ長：shaft diameter X length 軸取付方法：shaft mounting インサートカップリング：insert coupling 羽形状：vane type ３枚プロペラ：3vane propeller 羽根径Ｘ段数：vane diameter X stage 軸封方式：shaft seal method 開放：open 接液部材質：wetted part material 取付フランジ：mounting flange クランプ取付：clamp mounting 定量ポンプ：metering pump マグネットポンプ：magnetic pump 背圧弁：back pressure valve エアーチャンバー：air chamber 蒸発濃縮装置：Evaporator Unit 配管：piping アンカーボルト：anchor bolt 据付調整用プレート：plate for installation level adjustment 手動弁用タグ：valve tag plate ステッカー：sticker 保温カバー：insulation cover 消泡剤：Anti-Form ガスケットペースト”ナフロンペースト”：Gasket Paste 特殊工具：Maintenance Tools 潤滑油：Lubricant 空缶：empty can 予備ガスケット：spare gasket 高分子凝集剤自動溶解装置：polymer powder dispensing and dissolving equipment 溶解槽：dissolution tank 透明ＳＵＳ：transparent SUS 取付板：mouting plate 横置き：horizontal storage レシプロオイルフリー：reciprocating oil free 蒸発器：evaporator 熱交換器関係:heat exchanger 潤滑油：lubricant 内部点検：inside inspection 栄養剤：nutrient 硫酸溶液：H2SO4 solution 硫酸銅：copper sulphate solution 銅金属：copper metal 廃棄物回収テクノロジー：waste recovery technology 溶媒抽出システム：solvent extraction system デジタル出力：digital output 取付金具：fitting ケーブル配線口：cable connection フード（日よけ）：sun shade 表記の形態：display ケーブルグランド：cable gland 組み込み電極：built in electrode 耐熱温度：heat resistance 保護筒の形状：shape of sleeve PH校正キット：Calibration kit 電極棒：electrode ５極：5 pole ロックナット：lock nut 浸漬型電極ホルダ（保持器）：electrode holder for immersion type リード線：lead wire ホルダガイドアッセイ：guide holder assay レベルセンサー：level sensor クイックフロート：quick float 電極式レベルセンサー：electrode level sensor 空気圧：pneumatic equipment 復動：double acting 単作動：single acting 電極保持器：electrode holder 電極棒：electrode bar 金属管式面積流量計:metal tube variable area flowmeter 吸込みサイレンサー：suction silencer 防振架台：vibration free pedes 羽根車：impeller 絶縁Ｅ動：Class E insulation 吐出口径：discharge diameter 吐出量：capacity 周波数：frequency 吐出サイレンサー：discharge silencer キャブタイヤケーブル：cabtire cable 測温抵抗体：resistance temperature detector(RTDS)常用：regular use 調音器：thermostad ガラス管式流量計：glass tube flowmeter オープンコレクター：open collector pulse 自動弁：automatic valve 圧力計：pressure valve 腹膜式圧力計：diaphragm pressure gauge 圧力スイッチ：pressure switch タケノコ：hose nipple カシメ：swage(swage tool)Ｖプーリ：pulley 流れ方向：flow direction 下→上：bottom=>top 耐熱ガラス：heat-resistant glass フッ素ゴム：fluoro rubber 酸化第二鉄：Ferric Chloride 溶解槽：dissplution tank ホッパー透明SUS製：Hopper:Transparent SUS モーター出力：motor output 回転数：motor revolution speed 減速機形式：reducer type 中速用・ギヤ減速式：for medium speeds(gear reducer type)中低速用・ギアモーター減速式：for medium/low speeds(geared motor reducer type)中低速用・サイクロ減速式（プロセス用）：for mediun/low speeds(cycloid reducer type)(for processes)中低速用・サイクロ減速式（水処理・汎用）：for medium/low speeds(for water 中低速用・サイクロ減速式（ソリューションタンク用）：

for medium/low speeds 8cycloid reducer type)(for water treatment and general use)中速用・ベルト減速式：for medium speeds(belt reducer type)ベルト減速式：belt reducer type 特徴：features 仕様寸法：specification demensions 密閉型：sealed type 最大攪拌液容量：max agitation capacity 防振継手：vibroisolating joinｔ 相フランジ：companion flange 基礎工事 = foundation construction, foundation work(s)アンカーボルトセット = anchor bolt setting(placement)型枠工事 = concrete formwork 鉄筋工事 = reinforcement work、reinforcing bar work(rebar work)■基礎ボルト:アンカーボルト：anchor bolt ■ケミカルアンカ：chemical anchor bolt ■打ち込み式基礎ボルト：hole in anchor ■異形鋼棒：deformed steel bar ■シムプレート：shim plate ■座金：washer ■バネ座金：spring washer ■平座金：plane washer：flat washer ■傾斜座金：テーパーワッシャー：taper washer ■埋め込みベースプレート：embedded base plate ■箱抜：blockout ■グラウト：grout 耐熱ガラス：Heat-resistant glass コックピース：isolation valve グランドパッキン：Gland packing チャンネル：Channels アングル：Angles ブラケット：bracket 三相誘導電動機：three phase induction motor oxy acetylate: 酸素アセチレン Fire hose cabinet: 消火栓箱

Fire Pump controller:消化ポンプコントローラー restoration:復旧

Auxillary contact: 補助接点 Flowtless switch:フロートなしスイッチ Fire Hydrant piping:消化ポンプ Tools & scaffolding：工具＆足場 wiring accessories:配線付属品 lighting fixture:照明器具 wiring device: 配線デバイス

smoke detector photoelectric: 光電式煙探知機 ventilation system: 換気システム flood light：投光照明 rainfood：雨よけ screen:網

イオン交換樹脂：ion-exchange resins ゲル型：gel 工事管理：construction management 施工品質保証：Construction Quality Assurance（工事据付の）現地工事：site construction 巡回点検：walk-around check 工事仕様書：construction specification 全楊程：total head 回転速度：speed of rotation 駆動力：shaft power ポンプ効率：pump efficiency 羽根車形状：impeller type 4枚羽根：4 vanes 90デフ：90 diff シール方式：seal type ｴｷｽﾍﾟﾗｰｼｰﾙ：expeller seal 高効率：high efficiency 電圧：voltage 周波数：frequency 絶縁種別：insulation ポンプ軸封水：Shaft seal water クエンチング：quench ﾌﾟｰﾘｰ型式：v-pulley type 塗装色：painting ﾓｰﾀｰｾｯﾄ方法：motor mount 外形寸法図：outline drawing 組立構造断面図：section drawing 標準付属品（1台に付）：standard accessories(per one pump)基礎ボルト：foundation bolt 基礎ナット：foundation nut 相フランジ：companion flange 安全カバー：safety cover Ｍ側Ｖﾌﾟｰﾘｰ：v-pulley(motor side)特別附属品（全台に付）：special accessories 予備品（全台に付）：spare parts 屋内自立閉鎖型:indoor selfstanding type coagulation tank:凝集タンク design basis: 設計条件 ground leveling: 整地工事 該非判定書：Parameter Sheet 01.機械加工廃液移送ﾎﾟﾝﾌﾟ：Machining Washing Transfer Pump 02.組立工程化成濃厚廃液移送ﾎﾟﾝﾌﾟ：Phosphating W.W.Transfer Pump 03.濃厚廃液移送ﾎﾟﾝﾌﾟ：Concentrated W.W.Transfer Pump 04.工程廃液移送ﾎﾟﾝﾌﾟ：Process W.W.Transfer Pump 05.PH調節槽攪拌機：PH Adjustment Tank Agitator 06.Ca(OH)2供給弁（PH調整槽）：Ca(OH)2 Feed Valve(PH Adjustment Tank)07.H2SO4供給ポンプ(PH Adjustment Tank)：H2SO4 Feed Pump1(PH Adjustment Tank)08.反応槽1攪拌機：No.1 Reaction Tank Agitator 09.Ca(OH)2供給弁（反応槽1）：Ca(OH)2 Feed Valve(No.1 Reaction Tank)10.PAC供給ポンプ（反応槽1）：PAC Feed Pump(No.1 Reaction Tank)11.反応槽2攪拌機：No.2 Reaction Tank Agitator 12.H2SO4供給ポンプ2（反応槽2）：H2SO4 Feed Pump2(No.2 Reaction Tank)13.凝集槽攪拌機：Coagulation Tank Agitator 14.Polymer-A供給ポンプ1（凝集槽）：Polymer-A Feed Pump 1(Coagulation Tank)15.沈降槽排泥弁：Clarifier Slurry Valve 16.沈降槽汚泥移送ﾎﾟﾝﾌﾟ：Clarifier Slurry Transfer Pump 17.スクリーン：Screen

18.生活排水受槽移送ﾎﾟﾝﾌﾟ:Domestic waste water transfer pump 19.放流ポンプ：Effluent Pump 20.再利用ポンプ：Transfer Pump for Reuse 21.活性炭素逆洗ポンプ：AC Backwash Pump 22.AC塔逆洗工程の説明：Explanation of AC Tower Backwash Process 23.汚泥槽レベル計：Slurry Tank Level Switch 24.ﾄﾞﾚﾝﾋﾟｯﾄﾎﾟﾝﾌﾟ：Drain Pit Pump 25.攪拌ブロワー：Agitation Blower 26.H2SO4槽攪拌機：H2SO4 Tank Agitator 27.PAC槽レベル：PAC Tank level switch 28.Ca(OH)2循環ﾎﾟﾝﾌﾟ：CA(OH)2 circulation pump 29.Ca(OH)2槽攪拌機：Ca(OH)2 tank agitator 30.Polymer-A槽攪拌機：Polymer-A Tank agitator 31.Polymer-A槽補給水弁：Polymer-A Tank water feed valve 32.Polymer-C槽攪拌機：polymer-c tank agitator 33.Polymer-C槽補給水弁：polymer-c tank water feed valve 34.NaOH槽レベル計：NaOH tank level switch 35.メタノール槽レベル計：CH3OH tank level switch 36.酸系ドレンピットポンプ：acids chemical drain pit pump 37.アルカリ系ドレンピットポンプ：alkalies chemical drain pit pump 38.Alarm List

39.接続信号リスト:connection signal list 回転子：stir bars 塩酸：hydrochloric acid 硫酸：sulfuric acid 塩化物イオン：chroride ion 工事管理：Construction Management 竪型モーター台：vertical motor base Ｖプーリ：v pulley Ｖベルト：v-belt 基礎ボルト：foundation bolt 相フランジ：companion flange 相フランジボルト/ﾅｯﾄ：companion bolt/nut 安全カバー：safety cover 濃度：Concentration ｐＨ：pH 粘度：Viscosity 軸封方式：Shaft seal method 駆動方式：Drive system ポンプ回転速度：Pump Rotation Speed 軸動力：Shaft power(kw)軸封水・圧力：Shaft seal water・Pressure ﾌﾟｰﾘｰ径：Pulley dimesion(mm)材質：Material 羽根車：Impeller ｹｰｼﾝｸﾞ/ﾗｲﾅｰ： Casing/ Liner ｻｸｼｮﾝｶﾊﾞｰ：Suction Cover 軸ｽﾘｰﾌﾞ：Shaft sleeve ｴｷｽﾍﾟﾗｰ：Expeller ｴｷｽﾍﾟﾗｰﾘﾝｸﾞ：Expeller ring

ｼｰﾙ/ｸﾞﾗﾝﾄﾞﾊﾟｯｷﾝ：Seal/ Gland packing ﾒｶﾆｶﾙｼｰﾙ： Mechanical seal 主軸：Main shaft 工場製作：shop fabrication 回収率:recovery rate 連動する：interlock with 排煙脱硫設備二次側配線工事：FDG Plant secondary wiring work Centrifuge Panel 二次側配線工事：centrifuge panel secondary wiring work 接続図面：hool up dwaring 現場管理：site management ろ布：filter fabric 含水率:water content

1)酸系濃厚排水受槽移送ポンプ : Transfer pump for acid concentrated wastewater receiving tank 2）アルカリ系濃厚排水受槽移送ポンプ : Transfer pump for alkaline concentrated wastewater receiving tank 3）ブース排水受槽移送ポンプ : Transfer pump for booth wastewater receiving tank 4）溶接排水受槽移送ポンプ : Transfer pump for welding wastewater receiving tank 5）低濃度排水受槽移送ポンフ゜: Transfer pump for low concentration wastewater receiving tank 6）沈降槽排泥ポンプ: Slurry discharge pump for sedimentation tank 7）中継移送ポンプ: Booster/Transfer pump

9）ろ過水槽ろ過ポンプ: Filter pump for filter tank 10）監視槽逆洗ポンプ: Back wash pump for monitor tank 11）汚泥槽給泥ポンプ: Sludge supply pump for sludge tank

バｶﾞｽ：bagasse 繊維絞りカス：fibrous matter エネルギー回収:energy recovery 活性汚泥：activated sludge 液中膜：submerged membrane バルキング：bulking 濃縮：condensation 効用缶：evaporator 結晶缶：cryistallizer 放流：discharge 発電・蓄電：power generation/power storage

第三篇：2011韩素英翻译大赛全文翻译

“美利坚，你的路在何方？” 半个世纪前，“垮掉的一代”的代表作家杰克•凯鲁雅克就曾发出这样的疑问，现在这个问题成为困扰世界经济的最大不确定性因素，同时也反应了美国选民最大的担忧，11月2日国会中期选举在即，而美国10%的失业率还是居高不下。人们要有所准备，前路漫漫，充满坎坷。

The most wrenching recession since the 1930s ended a year ago.But the recovery—none too powerful to begin with—slowed sharply earlier this year.GDP grew by a feeble 1.6% at an annual pace in the second quarter, and seems to have been stuck somewhere similar since.The housing market slumped after temporary tax incentives to buy a home expired.So few private jobs were being created that unemployment looked likelier to rise than fall.Fears grew over the summer that if this deceleration continued, America’s economy would slip back into recession.自上世纪30年代以来最严重的经济衰退在一年前结束。但是复苏的起步步伐不够强劲，并且势头在今年早些时候突然放缓。GDP在第二季度的年增长速度只有区区1.6%，并且自那以后就再无起色。政府对购买过期未还贷的住房给予短期的税收鼓励政策，但是之后房地长市场行情一路下跌。私营领域几乎没有创造出新的工作岗位，失业率有明显上升趋势。整个夏天人们都在担心，如果复苏继续放缓，美国经济可能再次滑向衰退的深渊。

Fortunately, those worries now seem exaggerated.Part of the weakness of second-quarter GDP was probably because of a temporary surge in imports from China.The latest statistics, from reasonably good retail sales in August to falling claims for unemployment benefits, point to an economy that, though still weak, is not slumping further.And history suggests that although nascent recoveries often wobble for a quarter or two, they rarely relapse into recession.For now, it is most likely that America’s economy will crawl along with growth at perhaps 2.5%: above stall speed, but far too slow to make much difference to the jobless rate(see article).幸运的是，现在看来这些担心似乎被夸大。第二季度GDP疲软的部分原因可能是因为从中国的进口暂时性上涨。从八月份相当好的销售业绩到失业津贴的需求下降，最新的统计数据无不显示，经济虽然仍旧疲软，但是已经止住了下滑的趋势。而历史告诉我们，虽然复苏初期的脚步虽然会在一或两个季度内摇摆不稳，但是很少会再次步入衰退。对于现在而言，最大的可能是美国经济会以大约2.5%的增长速度缓慢爬行，但是这一速度太过缓慢，无法大幅改变失业率。

Why, given that America usually rebounds from recession, are the prospects so bleak? Because most past recessions have been caused by tight monetary policy.When policy is loosened, demand rebounds.This recession was the result of a financial crisis.Recoveries after financial crises are normally weak and slow as banking systems are repaired and balance-sheets rebuilt.Typically, this period of debt reduction lasts around seven years, which means America would emerge from it in 2014.By some measures, households are reducing their debt burdens unusually fast, but even optimistic seers do not think the process is much more than half over.如果说美国经济通常在衰退后会有反弹，那么为什么此次复苏的前景如此暗淡？原因是之前发生的衰退大多数是由紧缩的货币政策造成的。当政策放松，经济就会反弹。衰退是金融危机造成的结果。经济危机后的复苏通常疲软缓慢，因为银行系统需要修复，资产负债表需要重建。通常，债务减持会持续7个月左右，这就意味着美国在2014年才能从中抽身。美国家庭正在通过一些手段以超常的速度减少债务负担，但是即使是最乐观的估计也认为债务减持的过程才刚刚过半。

Battling on the bus

前行路上的较量

America’s biggest problem is that its politicians have yet to acknowledge that the economy is in for such a long, slow haul, let alone prepare for the consequences.A few brave officials are beginning to sound warnings that the jobless rate is likely to “stay high”.But the political debate is more about assigning blame for the recession than about suggesting imaginative ways to give more oomph to the recovery.美国的最大问题是，政治家仍然不得不承认美国经济注定要经受如此漫长的拉锯战，更不必说为随后的结果做准备了。少数勇敢的官员开始敲响警钟，失业率很可能会“居高不下”。但是政治辩论关注更多的是谁来承担衰退的责任，而不是提出有想象力的办法来给复苏提供更多的动力。

Republicans argue that Barack Obama’s shift towards “big government” explains the

economy’s weakness, and that high unemployment is proof that fiscal stimulus was a bad idea.In fact, most of the growth in government to date has been temporary and unavoidable;the longer-run growth in government is more modest, and reflects the policies of both Mr Obama and his predecessor(see article).And the notion that high joblessness “proves” that stimulus failed is simply wrong.The mechanics of a financial bust suggest that without a fiscal boost the recession would have been much worse.共和党人认为巴拉克•奥巴马转而走向“大政府”解释了为什么经济会疲软，而高失业率证明经济刺激是个坏主意。事实上，迄今为止，大多数政府规模的扩大都是暂时性的和不可避免的；长远的政府规模扩大要更加适度，并且能够反应奥巴马和他前任的政策。而简单地说高失业率证明经济刺激失败的说法是错误的。而根据经济萧条的规律，如果没有财政刺激，经济衰退的情况会比现在更糟。

Democrats have their own class-warfare version of the blame game, in which Wall

Street’s excesses caused the problem and higher taxes on high-earners are part of the solution.That is why Mr Obama’s legislative priority before the mid-terms is to ensure that the Bush tax cuts expire at the end of this year for households earning more than $250,000 but are extended for everyone else.民主党人对于谁是谁非有自己的一套评判标准，他们认为是华尔街的胡作非为才导致了今天的问题，而向高收入者征收更高的税赋是解决方案的一部分。这就是为什么奥巴马在中期选举前在立法上要优先确保将布什政府制定的减税政策的受益范围扩大到其他每个人，布什政府的减税政策原先受益的只是收入超过25万美元的家庭，该政策在年底到期。

This takes an unnecessary risk with the short-term recovery.America’s experience in 1937 and Japan’s in 1997 are powerful evidence that ill-timed tax rises can tip weak economies back into recession.Higher taxes at the top, along with the waning of fiscal stimulus and belt-tightening by the states, will make a weak growth rate weaker still.Less noticed is that Mr Obama’s fiscal plan will also worsen the medium-term budget mess, by making tax cuts for the middle class permanent.这种做法对于短期的复苏来说是一个不必要的风险。美国1937年和日本1997年的经验有力地证明了不合时宜的增加税收可能使疲软的经济重蹈衰退的覆辙。更高的税赋加上减弱的财政刺激和政府的紧缩政策将使本已疲软的经济更加无力增长。很少有人注意到，奥巴马针对中产阶级的永久性减税的财政计划还将使中期的预算更加糟糕。

Ways to overhaul the engine

如何检修经济发动机

In an ideal world America would commit itself now to the medium-term tax reforms and spending cuts needed to get a grip on the budget, while leaving room to keep fiscal policy loose for the moment.But in febrile, partisan Washington that is a pipe-dream.Today’s goals can only be more modest: to nurture the weak economy, minimise uncertainty and prepare the ground for

tomorrow’s fiscal debate.To that end, Congress ought to extend all the Bush tax cuts until 2013.Then they should all expire—prompting a serious fiscal overhaul, at a time when the economy is stronger.在理想状态下，美国现在会承诺在中期进行税收改革，并且减少开支以控制预算，同时留有空间保持宽松的财政政策。但是这只是盲目的华盛顿头脑发热的空想罢了。现在的目只有更加保守：给虚弱的经济补充营养，最大程度减小不确定性，并且准备好明天财政辩论的依据。为此，国会应该将所有的布什减税政策延期到2013年。然后当所有的减税政策到期---在经济情况好转时进行认真的财政大检查。

A broader set of policies could help to work off the hangover faster.One priority is to encourage more write-downs of mortgage debt.Almost a quarter of all Americans with mortgages owe more than their houses are worth.Until that changes the vicious cycle of rising foreclosures and falling prices will continue.There are plenty of ideas on offer, from changing the bankruptcy law so that judges can restructure mortgage debt to empowering special trustees to write down loans.They all have drawbacks, but a fetid pool of underwater mortgages will, much like Japan’s loans to zombie firms, corrode the financial system and harm the recovery.一套更广泛的政策可以更快地帮助解决这种头重脚轻的局面。应该优先考虑鼓励更多的抵押债务进行资产减值。几乎四分之一担负抵押贷款债务的美国人拥有比他们的房屋价值更高的财产。在资产减值改变取消抵押品赎回权案例不断上升的恶性循环之前，房产价格会继续下跌。有很多方案可供选择，可以更改破产法让法官重组抵押债务，也可以授权特别委托人减低贷款账面价值，等等。这些方案都有缺点，但是与日本给僵死的公司提供的贷款的作法极其相似，放任抵押贷款泡在一潭腐臭的死水里会腐蚀金融系统，对经济复苏产生危害。

Cleaning up the housing market would help cut America’s unemployment rate, by making it easier for people to move to where jobs are.But more must be done to stop high joblessness becoming entrenched.Payroll-tax cuts and credits to reduce the cost of hiring would help.(The health-care reform, alas, does the opposite, at least for small businesses.)Politicians will also have to think harder about training schemes, because some workers lack the skills that new jobs require.清理房地产市场可以让人们更容易搬到有工作的地方去，从而有助于削减美国的失业率。但是还需要做更多的工作来打破失业率居高不下的态势。削减工资税和降低雇佣成本可以起到作用。（医疗改革起的作用正好相反，至少对于小企业是如此。）政治家还要想更多的办法提供就业培训，因为一些工人缺少信工作所需要的劳动技能。

Americans are used to great distances.The sooner they, and their politicians, accept that the road to recovery will be a long one, the faster they will get there.美国人民习惯于长途跋涉。美国人民和美国的政治家越早承认复苏是一条漫长的道路，他们就会越快到达目的地

第四篇：2011语言桥杯翻译大赛

2011.9 第九届“语言桥”杯翻译大赛征稿启事

在成功举办八届“语言桥”杯翻译大赛的基础上，四川外语学院研究生部将举办第九届“语言桥”杯翻译大赛。此次翻译大赛将扩展到更多的省市，邀请更多的高校，吸引更多的翻译爱好者，将成为2011年全国翻译界中万人瞩目的一大盛事。

一、主办单位：四川外语学院研究生部

二、承办单位：四川外语学院研究生部翻译协会

三、协办单位：重庆市翻译学会、重庆大学、西南大学、西南政法大学、重庆师范大学、重庆工商大学、重庆理工大学、重庆邮电大学、重庆交通大学、重庆医科大学、后勤工程学院、长江师范学院、四川外语学院成都学院等组织和高校

四、供稿单位：重庆市翻译学会

五、赞助单位：语言桥翻译集团

六、大赛顾问：蓝仁哲教授（四川外语学院硕导、上海外国语大学兼职博导）严啟刚教授（四川外语学院硕导、南开大学兼职博导）

七、大赛评委：

评委主席：廖七一教授（重庆市翻译协会会长、四川外语学院硕导、上海外国语大学兼职博导）

评 委（按姓氏字母顺序排名）：陈历明教授（川外）、曹顺发教授（交大）、董洪川教授（川外）、贺 微教授（重师）、侯国金教授（川外）、胡安江教授（川外）、贾志高教授（西南大学）、李芳琴教授（川外）、宋雷教授（西政）、汪顺玉教授（重邮）、吴 念教授（重师）、徐铁成教授（重大）、杨全红教授（川外）、杨炳钧教授(西南大学)、张爱琳教授（重邮）、赵 亮教授（西政）、赵彦春教授（川外）

特邀评委：朱宪超（语言桥集团董事长）、文艺（语言桥培训部总监）

八、大赛译稿评审：

1、本着公正、公平的原则，一律采取盲审的方式

2、评分标准： 忠实原文，语意通顺；文体对等，文笔优美；富有创新性，译文有亮点。

九、奖项设置：

一等奖：2名 二等奖：8名 三等奖：12名 提名奖：20 名 入围奖20 组织奖若干名 对每个奖项将颁发荣誉证书及相应的奖金或奖品

十、参赛细则：

1．参赛原文获取时间和途径：

1）从即日起，重庆参赛者可到重庆各高校负责人处免费领取： 四川外语学院 王 艳 *** 重庆大学

谢老师 65122551 西南大学 杨 晶 *** 西南政法大学 张老师 *** 重庆交通大学 董介玉 *** 重庆医科大学 戴老师 *** 重庆邮电大学 金 梁 *** 重庆工商大学 张 浪 *** 重庆师范大学 王阳霞 *** 后勤工程学院 易老师 *** 重庆理工大学 江春秀 *** 长江师范学院 刘老师 *** 南方翻译学院 吴老师 *** 2）参赛者可到以下两个网站下载：

四川外语学院网站： http://www.xiexiebang.com 2．参赛对象：全国各大高校在校学生

3．截稿日期：2011年9月15日（以邮戳为准）4．交稿方式：

1）可邮寄至：四川外语学院研究生部 李金树老师 收转（邮编：400031，信封上请注明“参赛译文”字样。）

2）也可直接送交到四川外语学院研究生部李金树老师处 5．颁奖时间：2011年10月下旬（另行通知）6．译稿要求：

1)稿件请用A4稿纸打印，中文字体请用宋体、小四。注意封面与正文分页。请在四川外语学院校网上下载统一封面；正文页只须打印译文（无需附加原文），正文页内不得有任何表明译者身份的文字，违者将被取消参赛资格。

2)参赛译文必须独立完成，杜绝抄袭现象，一经发现，取消参赛资格。7．咨询电话： ***（王艳）***（黄烁）***（马阳阳）

四川外语学院研究生部

2011年5月10日

————

附：第九届“语言桥杯”翻译大赛原文（英译中）

John Lennon was born with a gift for music and comedy that would carry him further from his roots than he ever dreamed possible.As a young man, he was lured away from the British Isles by the seemingly boundless glamour and opportunity to be found across the Atlantic.He achieved that rare feat for a British performer of taking American music to the Americans and playing it as convincingly as any homegrown practitioner, or even more so.For several years, his group toured the country, delighting audiences in city after city with their garish suits, funny hair, and contagiously happy grins.This, of course, was not Beatle John Lennon but his namesake paternal grandfather, more commonly known as Jack, born in 1855.Lennon is an Irish surname—from O’Leannain or O’Lonain—and Jack habitually gave his birthplace as Dublin, though there is evidence that his family had already crossed the Irish Sea to become part of Liverpool’s extensive Hibernian community some time previously.He began his working life as a clerk, but in the 1880s followed a common impulse among his compatriots and emigrated to New York.Whereas the city turned other immigrant Irishmen into laborers or police officers, Jack wound up as a member of Andrew Roberton’s Colored Operatic Kentucky Minstrels.However brief or casual his involvement, this made him part of the first transatlantic popular music industry.American minstrel troupes, in which white men blackened their faces, put on outsize collars and stripey pantaloons, and sang sentimental choruses about the Swanee River, “coons,” and “darkies,” were hugely popular in the late nineteenth century, both as performers and creators of hit songs.When Roberton’s Colored Operatic Kentucky Minstrels toured Ireland in 1897, the Limerick Chronicle called them “the world’s acknowledged masters of refined minstrelsy,” while the Dublin Chronicle thought them the best it had ever seen.A contemporary handbook records that the troupe was about thirty-strong, that it featured some genuinely black artistes among the cosmetic ones, and that it made a specialty of parading through the streets of every town where it was to appear.For this John Lennon, unlike the grandson he would never see, music did not bring worldwide fame but was merely an exotic interlude, most details of which were never known to his descendants.Around the turn of the century, he came off the road for good, returned to Liverpool, and resumed his old life as a clerk, this time with the

Booth shipping line.With him came his daughter, Mary, only child of a first marriage that had not survived his temporary immersion in burnt-cork makeup, banjo music, and applause.When Mary left him to work in domestic service, a solitary old age seemed in prospect for Jack.His remedy was to marry his housekeeper, a young Liverpool Irishwoman with the happily coincidental name of Mary Maguire.Although twenty years his junior, and illiterate, Mary—better known as Polly—proved an ideal Victorian wife, practical, hardworking, and selfless.Their home was a tiny terrace house in Copperfield Street, Toxteth, a part of the city nicknamed “Dickens Land,” so numerous were the streets named after Dickens characters.Rather like Mr.Micawber in David Copperfield, Jack sometimes talked about returning to his former life as a minstrel and earning fortunes enough for his young wife, as he put it, to be “farting against silk.” But from here on, his music making would be confined to local pubs and his own family circle.

第五篇：新东方烹饪学校“新东方杯”青年烹饪技能大赛

新东方烹饪学校“新东方杯”青年烹饪技能大赛

炮竹声、欢呼声、祝福声，声声贯穿整个校园。这是长沙新东方烹饪学院决战京城的选手们载誉而归的欢迎声。就连连日多雨的长沙城也随着放出了久违的阳光，像是在为选手们挥师凯旋而放晴欢迎。

东方杯全国烹饪技能大赛开幕式

长沙新东方烹饪学院参赛展台

一束束鲜花，一声声炮竹。长沙新东方烹饪学院的参赛选手身着洁白的厨师服、手捧鲜花、奖杯和荣誉证书、身戴奖牌昂首阔步走进校园。一时间，整个校园迷茫在一篇欢呼声和祝福声中。

夹道欢迎长沙新东方烹饪学院选手凯旋

在为期两天的首届“新东方杯”全国烹饪大赛中，长沙新东方烹饪学院的参赛选手与全国各地十八所烹饪院校的选手短兵相接，分别在中餐热菜、中餐冷拼、果蔬雕刻、西式面点四个组中争夺荣誉。在各路高手云集的北京总决赛现场，长沙新东方的参赛选手沉着应战，凭借着鬼斧神工的技能和良好沉稳的心态，化腐朽为神奇，在比赛中获得了不菲的荣誉。

对于能参加此次全国大赛，并能载誉而归，长沙新东方烹饪学院的选手们倍感振兴和感谢：“能参加此次全国性的比赛我深受荣幸，还能获得奖杯就更要感谢长沙新东方烹饪学院老师们的谆谆善诱。没有他们孜孜不倦的教学，就不会有我们今天的荣誉”。

参赛老师接受学院的祝福和喝彩

对于这场比赛，陪同的老师见证了选手们从初选到总决赛的全过程，在这场较量中，老师感受到了学生的努力和追求：“不可置否这次由中国烹饪协会主办、新华教育集团承办的首届“新东方杯”青年烹饪技能大赛全国总决赛给了广大有梦想的青年一个亮出自己我机会。在这场盛赛中，长沙新东方烹饪学院的选手比出了成绩，比出了精神。大赛前，长沙新东方烹饪学院历经了层层选拔，在这场公平、公正的赛事中，战斗在教育一线的指导老师是学生们成就的坚强后盾，他们陪着学生日以继夜的训练；而选手们的积极进取、艰苦奋斗更让老师们感到了勃勃生机。经此一战，长沙新东方烹饪学院收获到的不仅仅是荣誉，更是一种经验的积累，一种人生的磨练。这是难能可贵的”。

一直以来，长沙新东方烹饪学院全体师生发扬着真务实的精神，雄厚的师资、严谨的教学、刻苦的学生，让我们看到烹饪领域未来辉煌的发展之路，也看到了学生辉煌的就业 之路。