第一篇：英语重点12
Unit1 Harry Potter and the Sad Grown-ups(1)Walking through my train yesterday, staggering from my seat to the buffet and back, I counted five people reading Harry Potter novels.昨天在地铁上，我摇晃着在座位和餐室之间走了个来回，看到有五个人在读《哈里·波特》小说。(2)But they were card-carrying grown-ups with laptops and spreadsheets returning from sales meetings and seminars.但他们是成年人，是揣着信用卡，拎着手提电脑，带着各种电子表格，刚刚出席完销售会议和研讨会的成年人。
(3)Ever since the invention of moving
pictures, the written word has struggled to be as instantaneously exciting.书面文字有许多超越电影的长处，但它永远也无法具有电影的吸引力。
(4)Yes, I’m a writer myself, writing
difficult, unreadable, hopefully unsettling novels, but there are so many other good books out there, so much rewarding,enlightening, enlarging works for adults;是的，我自己就是个作家，写作晦涩难懂的，最好能让人不安的小说。但还有那么多别的好书，给大人看的那么有益的，启人心智，长人见识的小说类作品。
(5)It seems as though there has been nothing quite as good since — that’s only because you’re supposed to grow out of children’s book.从那时起似乎就再也没有能和它们媲美的书了— 那只是因为你可能随着年龄的增长逐渐不再读儿童书籍了。
Unit 3 The Truth about Lying
(1)I’ve been wanting to write on a subject that intrigues and challenges me: the subject of lying.有个题目既让我着迷，又富有挑战性，就此写篇文章的念头由来已久，这个题目就是撒谎。
(2)Without these little white lies, they say, our relationships would be short and brutish and nasty.他们说，若没有无伤大雅的谎言，人际关系就无法持久，充满磕磕碰碰不说，而且还别别扭扭。(3)My friend does not indulge in what he calls “flattery, false praise and mellifluous comments”.我这位朋友从不讲他称之为“吹捧、言不由衷的赞扬和甜言蜜语”之类的话。
(4)Many people tell peace-keeping lies;lies designed to avoid irritation or argument;lies designed to shelter the liar from possible blame or pain;lies(or so it is rationalized)designed to keep trouble at bay without hurting anyone.不少人撒谎是为了保持一团和气，其目的在于避免不快和争执，使说谎者自己避免可能遇到的谴责和痛苦。把麻烦控制在一定的范围之内，以免给谁带来伤害（起码可以这么自圆其说）。(5)And furthermore, we may find ourselves lying in order to back up the lies that are backing up the lie we initially told.另外，一旦说个谎话，我们后来会发现要接着圆谎，好不让以前的谎话露馅。
Unit 7 Why We Strive for Status(1)It’s a design feature of the male psyche—a biological drive that is rooted in the nervous system and regulated by hormones and brain chemicals.它还是男性特征的一个组成部分—一种植根于神经系统，受荷尔蒙和大脑化学物质控制的生物冲动。
(2)How do we know this relentless
one-upmanship is a biological endowment? If the tendency showed up only in certain societies, it would be easier to dismiss as something we learn.我们如何确定这种不懈的要使自己胜人一筹的精神是一种生物天赋呢？如果这种倾向只是出现在某些社会中，那么就可以很容易作为某种后天学会的东西而不被认定是一种生物天赋。(3)For sheer sex appeal, a doughy bald guy in a blue Blazer and Rolex will outscore a stud in a Burger King uniform almost every time.Power, it seems, really is the ultimate aphrodisiac.就纯粹的性吸引力而言，一个穿戴阔气时髦，身体像发了酵的面团似的秃顶男人，其得分几乎每次都会超过一个穿着一般，自恃性感十足的情种。看来，权势才真正是最棒的催情药。(4)By the same token, powerlessness can be toxic.Scores of studies have linked male depression to problems with success, power and competition.A sudden loss of employment can be especially devastating, says
University of Texas psychologist David Buss, costing men their marriages as well as their self-esteem.由于同样的原因，没有权力可以给人带来危害。许多研究证明男性抑郁与成功、权利以及竞争等方面的问题有关。德克萨斯大学心里学家戴维·布斯说，突然失业可能给男人带来巨大的打击，使他们失去自尊和婚姻。
(5)Even among nonhuman primates, the most durable leaders are those who kiss babies, flatter allies and share their bounty-in short, the ones who govern by consent 即使是在非人类的灵长类动物中，最持久的统治者也是那些亲吻幼崽、逢迎盟友、共享成果者。Unit 1 Some Meanings of Authentic Love(1)To the extent that it is genuine, my caring is not a smothering of the person or a possessive clinging(to him / her).我的关爱达到至真至诚的程度，它对我所爱之人就不会是一种令人窒息的压抑，也不是一种占有性的依附。
(2)Consequently, I don’t put up roadblocks to what you do that enhances you as a person, even though it may result in my discomfort at times.因此，对你为完善自己人格所做的一切，我决不设置障碍，即使你做的事情有时会让我不舒服。(3)A lover does have the capacity to hurt or neglect the loved one, and in this sense I see that love entails an acceptance of some responsibility for the impact my way of being has on you.爱人确实有能力伤害或忽视被爱的人，从这个意义上说，爱需要我接受自己的为人之道对你造成的影响应负的一些责任。
(4)If we trust each other, we are willing to be open to each other and can shed masks and pretenses and reveal our true selves.如果我们相互信任，我们就愿意相互敞开我们的心扉，我们就能够去掉假面具，去掉伪装，显示我们的真面貌。
Unit3 High-Tech Farming: Is It Inhumane —
and Dangerous?(1)and concern is mounting that automated agriculture may not only be cruel to the animals but hazardous to those who eat the meat as well.人们越来越担心自动化的农业也许不仅对动物非常残酷，而且对吃肉的人十分危险。
(2)For the milky-white flesh prized by(food)
connoisseurs, the calf, after eight weeks, is fed a low-iron formula that induces borderline anemia.(可能性不大)
为了获得为食品鉴赏家所看重的乳白色鲜肉，八个星期后，这头小牛将会被喂养可能导致贫血的低铁的配方饲料。
(3)The Human Society has developed a fivefold declaration of animal “freedom”: the freedom to be able to get up easily, to lie down, to turn around, to stretch, and to groom or preen.美国人道主义学会发表了关于动物自由的五项声明：它们应该有轻松站起、躺下、转身、伸展、保持整洁的自由。
(4)One aspect of the controversy, however, unites even the most unsentimental proponents of factory farming with the knee-jerk advocates of humane treatment for live stock.然而，争论的另一方面却把甚至最不易动感情的工厂化倡导者和对家畜实行人道的自发支持者联合起来。
(5)The British banned the nonprescription use in animal feeds of antibiotics needed in human medicine.英国已经禁止在动物食物中非处方使用人类药物中的抗生素。
Unit 5 Japanese and American Workers: Two Casts of Mind
(1)Perhaps the most difficult aspect of the Japanese for Westerners to comprehend is the strong orientation to collective values, particularly a collective sense of responsibility.也许在西方人看来，日本人最不好理解的方面就是强烈的集体价值倾向，尤其是那种集体责任感。
(2)To single one person out as being more productive is wrong and is also personally humiliating to us”.“单单挑出某一个人来说他生产效率更高，这种做法不对，而且就个人而言那会弄得大家很没面子。”(3)For an accepted idea the individual received a bonus amounting to some fraction of the productivity savings realized from his or her suggestion.对于每一条被采纳的建议，有关个人会得到一份奖金，相当于他或她提出得建议所产生效益的一小部分。
(4)In this situation, it was inevitable that the one most central social value which emerged, the one value without which the society could not continue, was that an individual does not matter.这种生存环境不可避免地会产生出那种认为个人无足轻重的中心社会价值观，一旦失去了这种价值观，这个社会也就无法维系了。
(5)Subordinating individual tastes to the harmony of the group and knowing that
individual needs can never take precedence over the interest of all is repellent to the Western citizen.个人趣味屈从于群体和谐,个人需求决不能凌驾于集体利益之上，所有这些是西方公民无法接受的。
(6)While American still busily protect our rather extreme form of individualism, the Japanese hold their individualism in check and emphasize cooperation.美国人仍然在忙忙碌碌地保护我们相当极端的个人主义，而日本人则在限制他们的个人主义，强调合作。
第二篇：英语重点句子~
七年级下册英语重点句子我知道你下周六就要来了。它白天睡觉，晚上起来吃叶子。
人们把他们的钱给我或者从我这里取钱当人们出去用餐时，我很忙。如果你回答“是”，我们将给你一份侍者的工作 我们是一座给5~12岁学生的国际学校。谢谢你来参加环球世界秀。
8.Look at this group of people playing beach volley ball.看这群人正在玩沙滩排球。那个戴着滑稽眼镜和留着卷发的流行歌手。
10.Could you tell me how to eat this？你能告诉我怎么用餐吗？
11.Special 1 has beef and onion，特色菜一是牛肉和洋葱，以及15个饺子仅售十块钱。
12.Yesterday,we asked ten students at NO.3 Middle School what they did last weekend.昨天，我们问了第三中学的十位学生他们上周末干了什么。
13.He sat down and watched Wang Wang play with a friendly balck cat.他坐着看着汪汪和一只黑猫玩。我看见一个小男孩在角落里哭泣。’t really enjoy it.超市太挤了我们不开心、今天天气凉爽我们决定去打网球。
17.I asked students about fashion.我问学生们关于时尚的问题。
18.I enjoy nice words about my looks and I don’我喜欢听赞美我的话以及我不在乎年轻人怎么看我。
19.I showed each student six things and asked them about each one.我给他们看六件东西并问他们问题。
第三篇：小升初：英语重点知识汇总
写字母的运用
1、句首第一个字母大写。
2、人名、国名、节日名、语言名、组织名等专有名词的首字母大写。
3、星期、月份的首字母大写。
4、特指的学校、政府、党派、委员会或涉及具体人名的称呼或职位，首字母大写。
5、某些特殊词汇、缩略词、标志语、特殊用语等，首字母大写或全大写。
6、句中要强调的部分通常全大写。
7、诗的每一行首字母要大写。
名词所有格
表示人或物品所属关系时，就需要使用名词所有格。名词所有格的构成有以下规 则：
1、一般情况下，在名词的末尾加’s 构成。如：Tom’s book
2、以“-s”结尾的复数名词的所有格，只在其末尾加’。如：our teachers’ books
3、表示几个人共同拥有的东西时，只在最后一个名字上加所有格。如：Su Hai and Su Yang’s bedroom
人称代词和物主代词
人称代词
1、人称代词分为第一、第二、第三人称，且有单复数之分。
2、人称代词的主格在句中做主语，一般用在动词前（疑问句除外）。
3、人称代词的宾格在句中做宾语，多用于动词、介词后。
4、人称代词能代替表示人称的名词。
物主代词
1、表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。
2、物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。物主代词也有人称和数的 变化。
3、形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，后面一定要跟名词，表示该名词所代表的 事物是属于谁的。
4、名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。如：This is my bag.= This is mine.熟记人称代词和物主代词的绕口令我是“ I ” ,你是“you“, ”he, she, it“ 他，她，它” 我的“my”，你的“your”, 他的“his”, 她的“her”主 格 I you he she it we you they宾 格 me you him her it us you them形 物 my your his herits our your their名 物 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
名词复数的变化规则
1、一般情况下，直接加s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds.2、以s，x，sh，ch 结尾，加es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches.3、以辅音字母加y 结尾，变y 为i, 再加es，如：family-families, hobby-hobbies.4、以f 或fe 结尾，变f 或fe 为v, 再加es，如：thief-thieves, knife-knives.5、以o 结尾，加es，如：mango-mangoes.加s，如：radio-radios，photo-photos.6、不规则变化，如：man-men,woman-women,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth.7、不可数名词有:bread, juice, tea, coffee, water, rice 等。(不可数名词 相对应的be 动词是is/was)
形容词、副词的比较级
1、形容词的比较级：用于两者的比较。
（1）基本句式的构成：A（主格）+ be + 形容词的比较级 + than + B（宾格）.（2）表示一样的情况时用原级，结构是：as + 原级 + as
2、副词的比较级：
（1）基本句式的构成：A（主格）+ 动词 + 副词的比较级 + than + B（宾格）.（2）表示一样的情况时用原级，结构是：as + 原级 + as
3、形容词、副词比较级的变化规则：
（1）单音节词末尾加er；
（2）单音节词如果以字母e 结尾，加r；
（3）重读闭音节词如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，须双写这个字母，再加er；
（4）以辅音字母加y 结尾，变y 为i，再加er；
（5）双音节和多音节词的比较级在原级前加more；
（6）不规则变化, 如：well-better, much/many-more。
基数词和序数词
1.one--first,two--second,three--third,five--fifth,nine--ninth,twelve--twelfth,twenty-twentieth,forty-one--forty-first.序数词前一定要加the。
2、基数词变成序数词的方法：
（1）直接在基数词词尾加上th，如：seventh 第七，tenth 第十，thirteenth 第 十三；
（2）以y 结尾的基数词，变y 为ie，再加上th，如：twentieth 第二十。
（3）不规则变化，如：first 第一, second 第二，third 第三，fifth 第五，eighth 第八，ninth 第九，twelfth 第十二。
（4）基数词“几十几”变为序数词时，表示“几十”的基数词不变，只把表示 “几”的基数词变成序数词，如twenty-first 第二十一。
3、序数词的缩略形式是由阿拉伯数字和序数词的最后两个字母构成的，如：1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd , 4 th。
情态动词
（can,must,could,would,may,shall,should）
1、情态动词后面用动词原形。
2、其否定形式是在情态动词的后面加not。
助动词
（do, does, did）
1、do, does 用于一般现在时，does 用于第三人称单数，其余一律用do。
2、did 用于一般过去时。
3、它们的否定形式为：do not=don’t, does not=doesn’t.did not=didn’t.介词 in 的用法
1、用在某范围或某空间内，如：in the desk
2、在一段时间内，如：in the morning3、以，用„„方式，如：in English
in 和on 的区别： 树上长出来的用on,不是树上长出来的则用in。
in, on, at 的区别：
in, on, at 都可以用来放在时间前面，但是in 后面一般是morning，afternoon，evening,月份、年份、季节或者指某一段时间内；on 用在具体某一天，如：on Sunday morning；
at 一般用在某个假期期间（不是指具体的某一天），它还可 以用在具体的时间，如：at Spring Festival, at five o’clock.小学英语教材中出现的介词有：
in, on, from, of, by, about, for, under, behind, after, before, with, near, off, at, to, around, nearby 等。
there be 结构与have, has 的区别
there be 结构:
1、there be 结构表示“某地存在着什么事物或人”。在一般现在时中，there be 结构应该用there is 或there are 表示；在一般 过去时中，there be 结构则应该用there was 或there were 表示。
2、主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is(was),是复数时用are（were）。
3、there be 结构遵循就近原则。
4、在陈述句中为了强调地点，可将介词短语提到句首。
5、否定句：在be 动词后面加not，如果句中有some，要变成any。
6、一般疑问句：把be 动词提到句首，首字母大写，句尾改成问号。
7、What is + 地点介词短语？（无论主语是单数还是复数都用is）there be 结构与have, has 的区别:there be 表示某地存在着什么事物或人；have(has)表示某物或人拥有某物。
现在进行时
1、现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。常与now 连用，当句首有look, listen 时，也用现在进行时。
2、现在进行时肯定句的基本结构为：主语+ be 动词+动词的现在分词（doing，即动词的ing 形式)
（1）其中be 动词随着主语的变化而变化，be 动词包括am, is, are。
（2）动词现在分词的变化规则：
A 一般情况下，直接在动词后加ing，如：cook-cooking.B 以不发音的e 结尾的动词，去掉e 后加ing，如：make-making, dance-dancing.C 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，双写末尾字母后加ing,如：run-running, swim-swimming.D 以ie 结尾的动词，变ie 为y，再加ing,如：lie-lying, die-dying.3、现在进行时的否定句：在be 动词后面加not。
4、现在进行时的一般疑问句：把be 动词提到句首，首字母大写，句尾改成问号。
一般现在时
1、一般现在时表示一般情况下经常发生的动作或存在的状态。常与 usually, sometimes, often, always 等词连用。
2、一般现在时的谓语动词为be 动词时，be 的变化遵循“我用am, 你用are, is 用在他她它，复数全用are”的规律。
3、一般现在时的谓语动词为其它动词时，当主语为第三人称单数时，动词要用第 三人称单数形式。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
4、动词第三人称单数的变化规则：
（1）一般的动词，直接在词尾加s，如：cook-cooks, like-likes.（2）以s，x，sh，ch，o 等结尾的动词，加es，如：wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes, do-does.（3）以辅音字母加y 结尾的动词，变y 为i, 再加es，如：study-studies.（4）不规则变化，如：have-has.5、一般现在时的变化：
（1）be 动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是一名工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它?如：Are you a student?特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？如：Where is my bike?
（2）行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't 构成否定句。如：He doesn't like PE.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它?如：Do you often play chess?当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does 构成一般疑问句。如：Does she like PE?特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？如：How does your father go to work?
一般过去时
1、一般过去时表示在过去的某一时间里发生的事情，我们用动词的过去式来表 示。常与yesterday, last night，just now, a moment ago 等表示过去的时间 状语连用。
2、be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：(1)am 和is 在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）(2)are 在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）(3)带有was 或were 的句子，其否定句、疑问句的变化和is, am, are 一样，即 否定句在was 或were 后加not，一般疑问句把was 或were 提到句首。
3、句中没有be 动词的一般过去时的句子：否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形，如：Did Jim go home yesterday?
4、动词过去式变化规则：
（1）一般情况下，在动词原形后面加ed，如：cook-cooked.（2）以不发音的e 结尾的单音节词，只加d，如：taste-tasted.（3）以辅音字母加y 结尾的词，变y 为i，再加ed，如：study-studied.（4）以重读闭音节或r 结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，要双写这个字母后再 加ed，如：stop-stopped.（5）不规则变化，如：go-went, sit-sat.一般将来时
1、一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。常 常与tomorrow, next Sunday 等时间状语连用。
2、基本结构：（1）be going to do sth.（2）will do sth.3、否定句：在be 动词（am, is, are, was, were）或will 后加not。
4、一般疑问句:把be 动词或will 提到句首，some 改为any, and 改为or，第一、二人称互换。
现在完成时
1、表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常与一些时间状语,如:already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice（次数）等连用,也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语,如these days, today, recently, this year, so far(=by now)等连用.2、基本结构：助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词 e.g.I have already posted the letter.some /any
肯定句：I have some toys in my bedroom.一般疑问句和否定句中：Do you have any brothers or sisters? He doesn’t have any pencils in his pencil case.表示建议、请求等：Would you like some juice? Can I have some stamps?
“tall“和”high”的用法辨析
形容建筑物高，一般不使用“a high building“，而是说”It's a tall buiding” 或者说“It's a high-rise building”。
在形容树高时，一般使用“It's a tall tree”，从来不能说成是“It's a high tree”。
形容人高也要用“tall“，不用”high”。
“tall/high”使用的规则是，一般来说，细长的高东西，例如： 树、楼、塔和人用“tall”来形容高。其他比较宽的东西，例如：墙壁(walls)、山(mountains)一般使用“high"来形容高，比如： high walls(高墙), high mountains(高山)。
分析完了这两个单词，接下来当然要练练手啦，看看自己能否选出正确答案吧！
Is it a tall ship or a high ship?
(A)tall(B)high
答案：A
小升初英语约数的表示方法
一、大于某数的表示法
可用 more than, over, or more等表示： more than fifty people 五十多个人
children of fourteen and over 十四岁和十四岁以上的少年 sixty students or more 六十或六十多个学生
二、小于某数的表示法
可用less than, under, or less, up to, almost, nearly 等： It cost me less than 10 pounds.我买它没要上10英镑。
Children under six years old are admitted free.未满6岁的儿童可免费入场。It’s nearly [almost] 10 o’clock..快两点了。
The temperature is five degrees below zero.温度是零下5度。
三、大约数的表示法
可用or, or so, about, around, round, some, more or less 等表示： I’ll come back in three or four days.我过三四天就回来。We stayed or an hour or so.我们停留了一个小时左右。
It will cost around(round, about)100 dollars.那大概要100美元。Some 100 people attended the meeting.大约100参加了会议。I read more or less forty pages last night.我昨晚看了大约40页。
【说明】要表示“一两分钟”这样的意思，通常用a minute or two 或 one or two minutes，而不用 one minute or two。
小升初英语备战秘诀
英语 阅读与写作同时抓
单词要过关，散乱的语法要归类整理，英语基础不同的考生可用不同的方法备战英语作文。
听说读写单词必须过关
4月底完成新课教学，英语同样需要1个多月时间总结复习。复习教材的范围是4~6年级的6册书，其中较偏向于5年级、6年级的课本。这些教材每个单元的知识点都要仔细梳理、回忆，做到心中有数。
作为基础，小学阶段的单词、词汇很重要，学生必须熟练掌握重点单词、词汇的拼读、记忆。5年级、6年级的“四会单词”（要求会读、会听、会说、会写的单词）一定要过关，在复习时要注意记忆单词的方法，一般学过的单词回头再次记忆并不难。可以将单词有意识地分类记忆，如颜色、食物、生活用品等，也可以尝试同学之间进行“单词大比拼”，看看谁记得比较多等，这样可以降低背诵的难度，同时增加记忆的趣味性。
语法知识也要考
有的家长误以为小学生不用学语法，这个观点是有些偏颇的。几种基本的时态小学阶段就会接触到，小学英语会考到的无非是一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时、一般过去时4种时态和名词、代词、动词、数词、冠词、介词等各类词的运用，还有句子特殊结构的转换等。
上述这些知识点比较散乱，必须在复习阶段梳理清楚，归类做好比较练习。如区分不同时态，区分一般疑问句和特殊疑问句等。
阅读与写作备考同时进行
阅读理解是英语卷的难点，学生最好能利用好英语教材中的练习册，尽量加大自己的英语阅读量。对待英语阅读范文要做到精读，带着疑问去读，边读边找关键词。阅读的同时，还要注意从文中搜集优美、实用的句子，以便将来运用到自己的作文当中，以达到阅读、写作齐提高。
英语作文“3个本子”
英语作文一般要求考生用50个单词写七八句话的短文，也是拉开距离的题。建议英语基础不同的考生可用不同的方法备考英语作文。
基础较好的学生可准备一本“写作本”，根据课本各单元所涉及的话题自己搜集信息，将搜集到的内容组织成一篇短文，写完后还可以小组互相交流，丰富自己的词汇与内容。
基础中等的学生可准备一本“抄录本”，有意识地抄录好的英语短文，记得越多，不断重复、回忆，语感会慢慢变好。
基础薄弱的学生经常犯同样的错误，应该准备一本“纠错本”，多总结错误原因可减少出错丢分。
第四篇：英语重点（共）
一、中英文短语搭配
1、well-educated people 受过良好教育的人
2、win the day 获胜，占上风
3、地区性变化 regional variation4、emotional breakdown 情绪化的故障
5、come out with a new version 推出新版本
6、忠实的“视窗”用户 a loyal Windows man7、high density 高密度
8、用甜美的嗓音 in a sweet voice9、the in a crowd时髦人群（阶层）
10、deliver a speech发表一篇演说
11、从大学毕业 graduate from university12、have positive self-concept 有积极的自我意识
13、put other concerns out of the picture将其他事情置之度外
14、家庭的基本开支 the basic bills of the family15、a perfect match 天作之合/完美的一对
16、shed tears 流泪
17、结婚纪念日 wedding anniversary18、生活的调味品 the spice of life
二、翻译
（一）汉译英
1、结婚后，他一直试图改变她的生活方式，但是失败了。(attempt)
After marriage, he had continually made attempts to change her way of life, but failed2、Beety Friedan是美国非常有影响的“男女平等”的提倡者。(advocate)
Betty Friedan is a very influential advocate of the equality of men and women in the United States.3、你要想成功，就必须坚持自己的原则。(stick to)
If you want to be successful, you must stick to your own principles.4、学校将采取严厉措施制止学生吸毒。(take action, use illegal drugs)
The school will take strong actions agaist any students using illegal drugs.5、不必说，空气，还有阳光，对我们的日常生活来说都必不可少。(needless to say)Needless to say，air，as well as sunshine is necessary to our daily life.6、我明天付款给你，绝不延迟。(without fail)
I’ll pay you tomorrow without fail.7、我的妹妹非常依恋她那只玩具熊，到哪里都要带着它。(beattached to)My sister is so attached to her toy bear that she brings it everywhere.8、史密斯夫妇没有孩子，因此他们收养了一个孤儿。(adopt)
The Smiths had no children so they adopted an orphan.9、马克先生送了两只小狗给太太，令太太十分惊喜。(surprise sb.with sth.)Mr Mark surprised his wife with two little pups.10、他们吸收了几名新成员进入俱乐部。(recruit)
They recruited several new members to the club.11、他不准备参加下一届总统竞选。(run for)
He will not be running for president in the next election.12、这座桥连接着这个岛屿和大陆。
The bridge connects the island with/to the mainland.13、他把子女都送进了大学。
He put all his children through college14、偿还债务是我们的经济出现紧张状况。
These repayments are putting a strain on our finances.15、经过三个月的交往，他发现她是个没有条理的人。
He found that she was a disorganized person after three months’ dating.16、我们注意到一种趋势，越来也多的人在家里而不是在办公室里办公。We’ve noticed a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices.17、简走到她的朋友身边，低声说了几句。
Jane walked up to her boyfriend and whispered something.（二）英译汉
1、The “slant”(or emphasis)of the news will naturally be difference, but the language he reads is basically the same.新闻的主题自然会有不同，但他读到的语言基本上是一样的。
2、About the same time that I adopted the turkeys, Mark surprised me with two kittens for our anniversary.大概是在我开始收养火鸡的时候，马克给我买了两只小猫作为结婚纪念的礼物，这使我惊喜万分。
3、If you are going to go through life never wanting to lose, you’re never going to do anything.如果你想永远不会有失败的度过人生，那你将一事无成。
4、I realizedhe had been a tremendous observer of nature—far more acute than I.我意识到他是一位特别敏锐的自然观察者，要比我敏锐地多。
5、Women have changed and men must adop to these changes.女人已经发生了变化，而男人必须适应这种变化。
6、Of course not all men respond at the same speed to these changes in male-female relationships.当然不是所有的男人都能以同样的速度对男女之间关系的变化做出反应。
7、We didn’t know back then that this was good—that those interesting and frustrating differences are really the spice of life and one of the God’s best idea.我们那个时候并不知道这是好的，那些有趣而令人沮丧的差异恰恰是生活的调味品，也是上帝最好的想法。
三、写作
1.Write a request for sick leave according to the situation given below.请假人： Carl Zhang
收条人：Tom Li（Carl Zhang的老板）
请假原因：Carl Zhang 患重感冒，想请一天病假（5月9日）去医院看病，并打算尽力
在10号完成工作。
请假日期：2006年5月8日
最后表示：赐复为盼，十分感谢。
A Request for Sick Leave
May 8th, 2006
Dear Mr.Tom Li,I wonder if I could ask for a leave of absence for one day on May 9th.I have just come down with a bad cold, so I hope I can go to hospital tomorrow.I will try my best to finish mywork on May 10th.Many thanks.I’m looking forward to your kind answer.Sincerely yours,Carl Zhang
2.Write a request for leave according to the situation given below.请假人：王珏
收条人：史密斯教授
请假原因：由于哥哥移居加拿大，明天要去机场送行，所以不能去上史密斯教授的课,特此请假一天。
请假日期：2006年4月25日
最后表示：望允准为感！
April 25, 2006
Dear Mr.Smith,I am terribly sorry that I shall be unable to attend yourclass tomorrow since my brother is moving to Canadaand I have to see him off at the airport.I shall be very much obliged if you will grant me my application for one day’s leave.Yours respectfully,Wang Jue
3.Write an IOU for Mr.Pender, following the directions below.英语系美籍教师Mr.Pender因参加国际学术会议，于2005年5月30日向张卫借用IBM笔记本电脑一台。请你以Mr.Pender的名义写一张借条。
May 30th，2005
Borrowed from Zhang Wei an IBM laptop for an international academic conference.Pender
The English Department
第五篇：英语重点句子翻译
1.Later this month, we’ll spray the orchard, paint the barn, plant the garden and clean the hen house before the new chicks arrive.(=这个月晚些时候，我们要给果树喷洒药水，要油漆谷仓，要给菜园播种，要赶在新的雏鸡运到之前清扫鸡舍。)
2.I’m not making anywhere near as much money as I did when I was employed full time, but now we don’t need as much either.(=我挣的钱远比不上全职工作时的收入，可如今我们需要的钱也没有过去多。)
3.When it comes to insurance, we have a poor man’s major-medical policy.(=至于保险，我们买了一份低收入者的主要医疗项目保险。)
4.Once economic conditions improve, however, demand for farms like ours should be strong again.(=但是一旦经济形势好转，对我们这种农场的需求又会增多。)
5.在作物生长季节，根本就没工夫参加社交活动。
(=During the growing season there is no time for socializing anyway.)
6.了解这些变化所带来的影响也许有助于我们改善家庭生活。
(=Becoming aware of the effects of those changes may help us improve family life.)
7.而单亲家庭的数量在过去三十年中急剧增长。
(=And the number of single-parent homes has mushroomed in the last thirty years.)
8.这些孩子会不会失去童年时期应有的一些重要东西？
(=Are these children missing out on an important part of childhood?)
1.Carter’s devotion to her ancestor is about more than personal pride: it is about family honor.(=卡特对其先辈的忠诚不仅仅关乎一己之骄傲，而且关乎家族荣誉。)
2.As the boat slid across the river, Parker watched helplessly as the pursuers closed in around the men he was forced to leave behind.(=小船徐徐驶向对岸，帕克眼睁睁地看着追捕者把他被迫留下的两个人团团围住。)
3.I threw myself on the ground, rolled in the sand and danced around, till, in the eyes of several who were present, I passed for a madman.(=我扑倒在地，在沙土里打滚，手舞足蹈，最后，在场的那几个人都认定我是疯子。)
4.我步出这幢两层小屋，微风轻轻拂过加拿大平原。
(=A gentle breeze swept the Canadian plains as I stepped outside the small two-story house.)
5.中心计划于2004年在辛辛那提市对外开放。
(=The center is scheduled to open in 2004 in Cincinnati.)
6.黑人去当乘务员常常是由本人痛苦的经历所激发，而那些白人则往往是受了宗教信仰的感召。
(=While black conductors were often motivated by their own painful experiences, whites were commonly driven by religious convictions.)
7.许多黑奴在夜色掩护下赶路，有时脸上涂着厚厚的白粉。
(=Many slaves traveled under cover of night, their faces sometimes caked with white powder.)
1.We have become so used to defending ourselves against the new atmosphere of American life, so used to putting up barriers, that we have not had time to think about what it may mean.(=我们已经变得如此习惯于保护自己不受美国生活新氛围的影响，如此习惯于设臵障碍，以致无暇考虑这一切意味着什么。)
2.Our neighborhoods are bathed in high-intensity light;we do not want to afford ourselves even so much a luxury as a shadow.(=我们的居住区处在强光源的照射之下；我们连哪怕像阴影这样小小的享受也不想给自己。)
3.Many suburban families have sliding glass doors on their patios, with steel bars elegantly built in so no one can pry the doors open.(=郊区的许多人家在露台上安装了玻璃滑门，内侧有装得很讲究的钢条，这样就没人能把门撬开。)
4.取人性命的念头令我憎恨，但念及成为他人的受害者就更可怕了。我开始问自己，你怎么跟一个杀人犯或强奸犯谈论和平主义呢？
(=The thought of taking a human life disgusts me, but the idea of being someone’s victim is worse.And how, I began to ask myself, do you talk pacifism to a murderer or a rapist?)
5.但我相信，知识仍是我们最有力的防范手段。由于我主张对孩子进行性知识教育、艾滋病知识教育以及让孩子学会开车，我不能不赞成教儿子关于枪的知识。
(=But knowledge, I believe, is still our greatest defense.And since I’m in favor of education for sex, AIDS and learning to drive, I couldn’t draw the line at teaching my son about guns.)
6.我手指扣住扳机，最后用力一扣，在亲手结束了侵入者生命的同时也庆幸自己没有成为牺牲品。
(=I wrapped my finger around the trigger and finally squeezed it, simultaneously accepting the intruder’s death at my own hand and the relief of not being a victim.)
7.我从来没有像在买枪一事上对某种行为的后果如此反复权衡——可是，我也从来没做过后果如此严重的事。
(=I never have weighed the consequences of an act as strongly as I have that of buying a gun — but then again, I never have done anything with such deadly consequences.)
1.Einstein credited his discoveries to imagination and endless questioning more so than orthodox intelligence.(=爱因斯坦把他的发现更多地归功于想象力和不断地提出问题，而不是通常所谓的智慧。)
2.His slow development was combined with a cheeky rebelliousness toward authority, which led one German schoolmaster to send him packing.(=他智力发展缓慢，再加上对权威无礼的反叛，致使一位德国校长勒令他退学。)
3.He retained the ability to hold two thoughts in his mind simultaneously, to be puzzled when they conflicted and to delight when he saw an underlying unity.(=他具有脑海里同时容纳两种想法的能力，当它们冲突时，他感到困惑；当他看到基本上统一时感到欣喜。)
4.Einstein soon acquired an image, which grew into a near legend, of being a kindly professor, distracted at times but unfailingly sweet, who rarely combed his hair or wore socks.(=不久爱因斯坦在人们心目中成了这样一种形象，而且几乎变成传奇：一位平易近人的教授，有时心不在焉，但总是和蔼可亲，难得梳头发，不常穿袜子。)
5.联合国宣布2005年为“世界物理学年”，以庆祝爱因斯坦“奇迹年”出现100周年。(=The United Nations has declared 2005 “The World Year of Physics” to celebrate the 100th anniversary of Einstein’s “miracle year.”)
6.你呆在这里损害了全班学生对我的尊重。
(=Your mere presence here undermines the class’s respect for me.)
7.科学是爱因斯坦家餐桌上聊天的话题。
(=Science was dinner-table conversation in the Einstein household.)
8.爱因斯坦对科学技术与生俱来怀有兴趣。
(=Albert’s interest in science and technology came naturally.)
1.Yet my mind seemed to be in quest of something else — some way that I could personally apply to the close of Thanksgiving.It must have taken me a half hour to sense that maybe some key to an answer could result from reversing the word “Thanksgiving” — at least that suggested a verbal direction, “Giving thanks.”
(=可我脑子里似乎还在搜索着别的什么——某种我能够赋予整个节日以个人意义的方式。大概过了半个小时左右我才意识到，问题的关键也许在于把 Thanksgiving 这个词前后颠倒一下——那样一来至少字面意义好懂了：Giving thanks。)
2.Yet my mind continued turning the idea over.After a while, like a dawn’s brightening, a further answer did come — that there were people to thank, people who had done so much for me that I could never possibly repay them.(=可我脑子里仍一直翻腾着这事。过了片刻，如同晨曦初现，一个更清晰的念头终于涌现脑际——要感谢他人，那些赐我以诸多恩惠，我根本无以回报的人们。)
3.At least seven people had been particularly and lastingly helpful to me.I realized, swallowing hard, that about half of them had since died — so they were forever beyond any possible expression of gratitude from me.(=至少有七个人对我有过不同寻常、影响深远的帮助。令人万分难受的是，我意识到，他们中有一半已经谢世了——因此他们永远也无法接受我的谢意了。)
4.A glance at Grandma’s familiar handwriting brought back in a flash memories of standing alongside her white rocking chair, watching her “settin’ down” some letter to relatives.(=一看到外祖母那熟悉的笔迹，我顿时回想起往日站在她的白色摇椅旁看她给亲戚写信的情景。)
5.那些注意力集中于感恩的人明显感觉更加幸福。他们积极乐观地看待生活。他们鲜有诉说有头疼感冒之类的身体不适症状，他们还积极参加健康有益的活动。
(=The people who focused on gratitude were just flat-out happier.They saw their lives in favorable terms.They reported fewer negative physical symptoms such as headaches or colds, and they were active in ways that were good for them.)
6.每天花上片刻——一般最好是临睡之前——扼要记下三件当日发生的让你心存感激的事情。任何使你精神振奋的事，使你绽露笑容、心情愉悦的事，或为你的将来带来幸福感的事，都行。
(=Take a moment during the day — right before bedtime is usually best — to jot down three things that happened that day for which you are grateful.Anything that made you feel uplifted, that brought a smile to your face or your heart, or will contribute toward your future happiness, works.)
7.过一段时间，你会发现在令你感激的条目列表中有着某种一致性。许多条目显示他人在你生活中所起的重要作用。其它条目突出一些有意义的经历。还有一些则涉及由你引发的事情，你能满怀豪情地指着说，“我促成了此事。”
(=Over time, you’ll notice a consistency within the list of items you’re grateful for.Many entries will underscore the importance of people in your life.Others will highlight meaningful experiences.Still other items will be things that began with you, things you created that you can point to with pride and say, I made that happen.)
8.感激之情，在向别人表示之后，几乎总能辗转返回。被感激的人更加愿意为那些使他们觉得自己有价值的人作出回报。
(=Gratitude, when expressed to others, almost always comes back around.People who feel appreciated are more willing to make an effort for those who make them feel valued.)
1.I want to turn loose my hold on everything, and go sailing down, down, just like one of those poor, tired leaves.(=我只想撇开一切，飘然而去，就像那边一片可怜的疲倦的叶子。)
2.The day wore away, and even through the twilight they could see the lone ivy leaf clinging to its stem against the wall.(=白天慢慢过去了，即便在暮色黄昏之中，他们仍能看到那片孤零零的常青藤叶子，贴着砖墙，紧附着梗茎。)
3.When the elderly man regained consciousness now and again, the man repeatedly called for his son.(=老人偶尔苏醒过来时，总是反复呼唤他的儿子。)
4.She started to offer words of sympathy, but the Marine cut her short.(=她开始说一些深表同情的话，海军士兵却打断了她。)
5.我会尽一切努力，只要是科学能做到的。
(=I will do all that science can accomplish.)
6.萧瑟秋风吹落了枝叶，藤上几乎光秃秃的。
(=The cold breath of autumn had blown away its leaves, leaving it almost bare.)
7.两人面面相觑，哑然无语。
(=They looked at each other for a moment without speaking.)
8.当我察觉他已是病入膏肓，分辨不出我是否就是他的儿子时，我猜想他真的需要我。(=When I realized he was too sick to tell whether or not I was his son, I figured he really needed me.)
1.Making a living as a door-to-door salesman demands a thick skin, both to protect against the weather and against constantly having the door shut in your face.(=干挨家挨户上门推销这一营生得脸皮厚，这是因为干这一行不仅要经受风吹日晒，还要承受一次又一次的闭门羹。)
2.And his enemies — a crippled body that betrays him and a changing world that no longer needs him — are gaining on him.(=他的敌人——辜负他的残疾的身体和一个不再需要他的变化着的世界——正一步一步把他逼向绝境。)
3.Once the walls are up, a place takes on a different feel for him, as if he’s not welcome anymore.(=一旦高墙耸起，这建筑给他的感受就变了，他好像不再受到欢迎。)
4.要是顾客回绝波特，拒绝倾听他的介绍，他就一再上门。就这样他将产品卖了出去。(=If a customer turned him down, Porter kept coming back until they heard him.And he sold.)
5.他由于身体不能正常运行而使脑子无法充分发挥其功能。
(=His mind was trapped in a body that didn’t work.)
6.波特一开始四次都没敢敲门，第五次才鼓起勇气按了第一户人家的门铃。
(=It took Porter four false starts before he found the courage to ring the first doorbell.)
7.仅在一代人的时间里，从旧的意大利生活方式一跃而成为美国的雅皮士不是件容易事。(=It’s not so smooth jumping from Italian old-world style to U.S.yuppie in a single generation.)
1.It would just be absolutely wrong to take a human being and put them through what may well involve significant suffering for really no good end.(=让人经受极有可能遭到巨大痛苦的事，却又得不到什么好的结果，那是绝对错误的。)
2.I would hope that the legislation that’s in place and the great public disapproval that would
result from any attempt to clone a human would dissuade anyone from going down that path.(=我希望适当的法规以及公众对于试图克隆人的极力反对能够劝阻任何有此企图的人走那条路。)
3.In reality, it is transcendent — when you look through the microscope, you see what you may have looked like a long time ago, at least in part.(=事实上，这一研究成果真是妙不可言——透过显微镜，你至少部分地看到自己很久以前大概是什么模样。)
4.There was so much skepticism about this process because of the scientific fraud from the past that it was critical that there be no doubt that they were clones.(=由于以往的科学造假行为，人们对于我们的研究过程抱有诸多怀疑，所以确保它们确系克隆胚胎是至关重要的。)
5.其原因在于其他物种的无性繁殖个体事实上大多数都是畸形的，流产率很高，死产率很高，胎儿畸形，出生不久便夭折，如此等等。
(=The reason is that the majority of reproductive clones in other species are actually abnormal, with very high miscarriage rates, very high stillbirth rates, fetal anomalies, death soon after birth, et cetera.)
6.从另一方面来说，治疗性的克隆技术不牵涉任何对人生命的威胁，还能真正为正在经受痛苦的人们提供缓解痛苦的极大的可能性。
(=On the other hand, therapeutic cloning does not involve any type of risk to human life and actually provides tremendous potential for the relief of suffering in real human beings who are going through some awful things.)
7.在分析的过程中，我们必须毁掉那些胚胎。换句话说，从细胞里提取遗传物质进行分析，你只得毁坏细胞。
(=In the process of analysis, the embryos were destroyed by necessity.In other words, to get the genetic material from inside the cells to analyze it, you have to destroy the cell.)
8.罗马教廷谴责我们，布什总统的国情咨文对我们也颇有微词。
(=We were condemned by the Vatican and mentioned in a negative light in President Bush’s State of the Union address.)
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