《傲慢与偏见》中的戏剧性特色论文[精选5篇]

第一篇：《傲慢与偏见》中的戏剧性特色论文

论文摘要：本文从情节结构、人物塑造、舞台场景、叙事角度四个方面对简·奥斯丁的代表作《傲慢与偏见》进行了较为详细的阐述，剖析该作品神奇的戏剧性特色。

论文关键词：小说《傲慢与偏见》戏剧性特色四个方面

小说《傲慢与偏见》是英国批判现实主义作家简·奥斯丁（JaneAusten）的代表作。这部作品以日常生活为素材，通过对婚姻问题的描写，生动地反映了18世纪末19世纪初处于保守和闭塞状态下的英国乡镇生活和世态人情。奥斯丁因为长期居住在封建保守势力较强的农村，生活圈子十分狭窄，所以她的小说的取材范围较小，她常把故事的背景放在有三四家大户的乡镇上。但在她熟悉的范围之内，她写得非常精确细致，后人常以她自称其作品为“三寸牙雕”来评价她的作品，可见其观察之敏锐，笔触之细腻。我认为除了其作品的细致之外，奥斯丁的伟大之处还在于她的绝妙的戏剧力量。本文尝试从以下四个方面入手来分析该作品的戏剧性特色。

1.情节结构

《傲慢与偏见》的故事讲的是18世纪末19世纪初英国某乡镇上某乡绅家的几个女儿的恋爱和结婚。主线是二女儿伊丽莎白因少年绅士达西的傲慢，对他产生很深的偏见，后来又消除了偏见，和他相爱，成为眷属。小说以伊丽莎白的行动为叙述中心来展开情节，与此成网状的辅助情节线形成平行对照：吉英与彬格莱的相爱与结婚，柯林斯的求婚与夏绿蒂的联姻，伊丽莎白与韦翰的那段短暂的感情纠葛，以及韦翰与丽迪雅的私奔及至最终结合，甚至班纳特先生与太太的婚姻状况都无不与主要情节发生着密不可分的关系，它们或以自身的单薄、苍白丰富反衬了“达伊”主线，或以内在的联系催化了“达伊”主线的进展。这些“插曲”都处在相对固定的空间中的直线时间延伸过程中的某一点。而主要情节的纵向发展无疑也是小说戏剧特征的一个方面。所以《傲慢与偏见》也像戏剧那样，有一个严密的布局，既没有不必要的人物，又没有不必要的情节，整个故事的发展都是环环相扣的。

小说第一章开始便有这样一段非常有趣的开场白：“凡是有钱的单身汉，总想娶位太太，这已经成了一位举世公认的真理。这样的单身汉，每逢新搬到一个地方，四邻八舍虽然完全不了解他的性情如何，……因此人们总是把他看作自己某一个女儿理所应得的一笔财产。”随着这句“画外音”刚刚落地，故事的帷幕徐徐拉开，班纳特先生和太太的一段对话把我们带入一个喜剧世界。以班纳特太太处心积虑地嫁出五个女儿开始，整个故事情节围绕着女儿们的婚事而起落曲折地展开。全文开头所埋下的这个“结”成为情节的发生、展开、推向高潮和最终结局的动力。小说的高潮点就在达西向伊丽莎白求婚受挫后所写的辩白信那一刻，它标志了男女主人公相向转化的开始。至此，以往的一切都随着这个高潮发展，继后的又朝着这个结局归宿。达西和伊丽莎白最后结合了，一度破坏了的平衡重新恢复了，“戏”也趋于结局。“这种出乎自然与合乎发展的逻辑性，是戏剧小说情节的真正鲜明的特征”。

小说中的戏剧性“悬念”叙述使得整个故事如一幕幕的戏剧展开，却毫无现实中的单调与乏味。小说一开始，彬格莱先生租下了尼日裴花园，携同其姐妹和朋友达西来到班纳特一家所在地浪博恩。彬格莱显然爱上了吉英，大家心里唤起了希望。但因班纳特太太操之过急，言谈失体，反而吓退了彬格莱，班纳特一家的第一次希望破灭了；接着，班纳特的表侄柯林斯牧师因要继承班家财产，为了对其一家予以补偿，向伊丽莎白求婚，遭到拒绝后，转而向邻村的卢卡斯小姐求婚。至此，班纳特太太的全部希望统统落空，又形成了戏剧悬念。正当班纳特一家嫁女前景十分黯淡时，傲慢的贵族青年达西情不自禁向伊丽莎白吐露真情，正式求婚，伊丽莎白出于偏见，毫不客气地拒绝了他，事情似乎到了绝境。然而正是达西向伊丽莎白求婚一事，将伊丽莎白对达西的误会与偏见全部暴露出来，为他们之间消除误会，终于和好，以及彬格莱与吉英的最终结合等一系列事件铺平了道路，促成了皆大欢喜的结局。我们可以看到小说以班纳特太太急于嫁女开始，以成功嫁出三个女儿告终，这一结局正与小说那句精彩的开场白遥相呼应，从结构上可谓天衣无缝。最后一章，对各个人物又做了一番交代，颇如戏剧的尾声，大幕徐徐落下。

2.人物塑造

《傲慢与偏见》的戏剧性特色还体现在它的人物塑造上。奥斯丁对人物的塑造非常有特点。她不喜欢采用铺张的描写性的段落，也不自己出场“插话”或“发议论”，而不是告诉读者人物如何如何，她是把人物推到读者面前，让他们自己表演，就如同导演把人物推上戏剧舞台，让他们自己在观众面前表演一样。小说人物一出场，总是扼要介绍其身份处境，接着立刻使人物进入动作，这很像戏剧中的旁白或是字幕。然后，通过每一次人物的谈话、接触，通过人物的种种细微动作情态与心理，抓住每一个机会让人物自己表现自己，并在相互对比中突出人物各自的本质特征。例如第一章班纳特夫妇间的那段经典对白，把班太太的“智力穷乏，不学无术”和班先生的“喜欢插科打诨，爱挖苦人”表现得淋漓尽致，只要他们的对话不结束，班太太的愚蠢就不会停止外露，班先生爱揶揄讽刺的性格也就会不时地展现在读者面前。又如第十八章柯林斯先生巴结、奉承达西的一段动作及谈话和达西对他很轻蔑的态度，将柯林斯愚蠢笨拙、巴结权势的嘴脸和达西高傲但正直的性格惟妙惟肖地展现在读者眼前。总之，奥斯丁是通过符合角色的自我表现来吸引和打动读者的，无论是活泼调皮、机智幽默的伊丽莎白，还是外表迷人实则浪荡无耻的军官韦翰，或是头脑简单、任性轻浮的丽迪雅，各个人物都在作者设置的舞台上生动地表演起来。

3.舞台场景

在《傲慢与偏见》中，场景作为人物活动的基本舞台，被安排得颇具戏剧舞台的特色。这些场景并不像很多优秀的小说那样场面宏大，不断发生变化，令人目不暇接。相反，这些场景相当有限，人物活动都集中于几个地点，显得单一不变。事实上小说中所出现的供人物活动的场所只有两种形态：一是室外的花园，二是室内的客厅，一切有人物活动的戏（跳舞、谈话）都集中于此。集中，无疑是戏剧的最常见的艺术手法，叙事作品的戏剧性也体现在叙述中处理时空的集中场景之中。再者为了同一效果，场景的转换也是含糊不清和简捷的。从这家的客厅到那家的花园，谁也说不清班家、卢家和尼日斐的客厅有什么不同，柯林斯家的花园与班纳特家花园又有什么区别。其实场景的含混不清才更能突出人物，背景的淡化才更使情节的发生具有普遍性。奥斯丁的特殊之处就在于她并不热衷于叙述或描写景色和环境，也无意通过作品来描绘广阔的社会画面，而只想设置一个能给人物提供活动，建立各种关系的舞台。

4.叙事角度

叙事视角是叙述学的一个重要范畴，指作者从什么角度来叙述故事。奥斯丁在叙述情节时，一开始采用了传统的全知叙述角度，以一种自信冷静的态度将主人公伊丽莎白和达西引入我们的视野中心，这样做有利于读者对全局有一个大概了解。但随着情节的逐步深入，到了第十章以后（就在达西不由自主地爱上伊丽莎白以后），作者叙述的视角慢慢发生了转移，伊丽莎白成为小说的中心和焦点，故事里的人物、事件主要由她去耳闻目睹和见证，转述的也大都是她自外部接受的信息和产生的内心冲突，整个叙述被尽可能地限制在她的世界里了。它的好处是一方面引导读者与女主人公伊丽莎白进行角色认同，感同身受，为她同悲同喜；另一方面不落痕迹地忽视了对达西、韦翰等的心理描写，造成情节悬念。这种叙事视角的转移很像戏剧舞台上灯光的转移，戏刚上演的时候灯光散落在舞台上每一个角色上，随着戏剧情节的深入，舞台上的灯光慢慢聚焦到主要人物身上，愈来愈亮，而其余的均是暗色调。

综上所述，简·奥斯丁的代表作《傲慢与偏见》中蕴含着许多戏剧化的特点。她就是这样，一方面作为小说家来叙述故事，并不露声色地在一旁略加点评，另一方面又作为杰出的戏剧大师将人物推上舞台，让他们自己来表演。

第二篇：傲慢与偏见 论文

《傲慢与偏见》读后感

机制0902竺昂

选这门公选课时，我就是想了解一下外国的文学，顺便提升一下自己的文学素养。不料，上了这门课后，我不仅深度赏析了《傲慢与偏见》，而且对婚姻有了更深入的认识，还学到了一些为人处事的道理。

《傲慢与偏见》是简·奥斯丁的代表作。这部作品以日常生活为素材，一反当时社会上流行的感伤小说的内容和矫揉造作的写作方法，生动地反映了18世纪末到19世纪初处于保守和闭塞状态下的英国乡镇生活和世态人情。这部社会风情画式的小说不仅在当时吸引着广大的读者，时至今日，仍给读者以独特的艺术享受。

简·奥斯丁在本书中写了四起婚姻，通过四起婚姻的对照描写，提出了道德和行为的规范问题。作者明确划定了婚姻的好坏标准。照她看来，不幸的婚姻大致有两种情况：一是像夏洛特和柯林斯那样，完全建立在经济基础上；二是像莉迪亚和维克汉姆那样，纯粹建立在美貌和情欲的基础上。夏洛特本是个聪明女子，只因家里没钱，人又长的不漂亮，到了二十七岁还是个“老姑娘”。她之所以答应嫁给柯林斯，只是为了能有个归宿，有个能确保她不致挨冻受饥的“保险箱”，婚后尝不到任何天伦之乐，他倒也无所谓。莉迪亚是个轻狂女子，因为贪恋美貌和感情冲动的缘故，跟着维克汉姆私奔，后经达西搭救，两人才苟合成亲，但婚后不久即“情淡爱驰”，男的常去城里寻欢作乐，女的躲到姐姐家里寻求慰藉。与夏洛特、莉迪亚相反，伊丽莎白和简的婚姻则是建立在爱情的基础上，是真正的美满婚姻。当然，伊丽莎白与达西也好，简与宾利也好，他们的结合并不排除经济和相貌方面的考虑，但是他们更注重对方的美德，因而结婚以后夫妻能情意融洽，恩爱弥笃。这充分说明：“没有爱情可千万不能结婚。”

通过对这四桩婚姻的描写，作者揭露了当时社会中金钱利益在婚姻中扮演的重要角色，人的感情会受到它的控制。莉迪亚和维克汉姆的婚姻，不仅完全是受金钱的左右，而且两人的结合，最初也只是因为低俗的肉欲的吸引。这样的婚姻不仅会给自己带来不幸，更会给各自的家庭造成伤害，简·奥斯丁最反对这样的婚姻。对于夏洛特和柯林斯充满了现实色彩的婚姻，作者也是不赞成的。不过通过描写，我们也认识到在当时的社会环境下，人的感情不得不服从于金钱的无奈，其实在当今社会又何尝不是如此？

这四门婚姻中最主要的自然是发生在女主角伊丽莎白与男主角达西之间的爱恨情仇。伊丽莎白是个勇于追求爱情、漂亮聪明、坚强可爱的中产阶级女子。故事主要以她对达西从一开始的厌恶到尊敬，再到爱慕为线索，揭示了作者对那个时代女人生活与爱情的理想和期望。

故事中女主角伊丽莎白第一眼看到男主角达西就是不顺眼的，加上达西个性的傲慢，继而对他有了偏见。而男主角达西，是个不受人欢迎的傲慢男子，也不屑于周遭冷淡的人际关系，对他来说，傲慢也许是有理的，偏见却很无情，这两者产生的冲击是免不了的。两个人之间也因此而常有针锋相对的言辞，彼此之间的傲慢和偏见就造成了一开始的不愉快与误解，但是经过种种事件的澄清，彼此又渐渐产生一点点感情。达西代表着“傲慢”，伊丽莎白代表着“偏见”，他们一开始都被自己的情绪所牵引。接着一连串对达西不利的流言，更让伊丽莎白对达西反感。当达西向伊丽莎白求婚而遭到拒绝时，他说了一段话：“要是我耍一点手段，把我内心的矛盾掩饰起来，一味地恭维你，使你相信我无论在理智方面、思想方面以及其他各方面，都是对你怀着无条件的纯洁的爱，那么也许你就不会有

这些苛刻的责骂了。可惜无论是什么样的伪装，我都痛恨。”达西沒有为了讨好伊丽莎白，去曲意逢迎。而伊丽莎白也表现了很真实的自己，彼此都不刻意去营造给别人的印象，表现出了最真实的一面。开始的时候，伊丽莎白一直活在自己的偏见之下，忽略思考事实的真相，经过达西的解释和自己的判断，才最终找到幸福的归宿。

从这四门婚姻中，我们可以看到，为了财产、金钱和地位而结婚是错误的；而结婚不考虑上述因素也是愚蠢的。因此，我们反对为金钱而结婚，也反对把婚姻当儿戏。婚姻是人生大事，我们应把男女双方感情作为缔结婚姻的基石，决不能为追逐金钱和地位而结婚，“没有爱情的婚姻是不道德的”。

傲慢与偏见，是我们很常见的缺点和毛病。我们每一个人其实都很容易被自己的主观印象所驱使，因而容易对别人下不正确的结论，进而造成彼此之间的误会。因此，我们不能以貌取人，不能仅凭第一印象就乱下结论，这样往往会得到错误的结果。

一个人所给予的第一印象固然可以影响到很多事，但并非一定不会改变，要有更加深入的了解，才能有更客观的结论，就好像故事中女主角对达西的看法，就是因为了解才有所改变。所谓“路遥知马力，日久见人心”，只有经历一段时间，通过交流，我们才能更加深入的了解一个人。因此，在现实生活中，我们都应该多多沟通，去增进彼此间的了解，这样才能消除隔阂，增进友谊，加深感情。

第三篇：中文论文(傲慢与偏见)

在婚姻观中的简·奥斯汀的观点

傲慢与偏见

致谢

内容

1.简介

简·奥斯汀是19 century.She出生于16,1775年12月在汉普郡史蒂文顿的村庄的英国杰出的小说家之一，England.As一个国家牧师的女儿，奥斯汀从来没有进入正规的学校，但她由她的家庭受过良好的教育。在大约十二岁，奥斯汀开始write.She创作并完成了六部长篇小说，并在她的生活time.She显然是一个多产的小说家三处小的著作和从事写作对她所有的生活。“她说有平等名称作为沃尔特·斯科特“（达克沃斯23）先生。无论是在西方还是在中国，傲慢与偏见获得影评界得到了高度重视和许多评论家已经从社会历史aspect.Although评论它的一些学者分析了奥斯丁的婚姻观，先生和班纳特太太的婚姻往往被忽视。因此，本文旨在使傲慢与偏见，婚姻的深入分析，以便我们完全可以理解的婚姻原来的意见，并可以添加新的东西到简·奥斯汀的伟大作品的文学批评。

像她的其他小说，傲慢与偏见对焦于商务和休闲旅客主角五个家庭均来自上流社会类的女士。奥斯汀用字符作为文学手法展现结婚恋爱和已婚的关系替代reasons.Marriage被认为是一个女人当时的一个可能实现的时候奥斯汀写了novel.Marriage发挥女性的生活中的重要作用。

本论文的作者将分析从社会历史文学批评的角度五个婚姻模式。第一部分简要介绍简·奥斯汀和傲慢与偏见。第二部分将在一份简短的方式引入社会历史文学批评，以及接下来本文将介绍的傲慢与偏见5婚姻一个社会历史anslysis。第四部分是奥斯汀的婚姻观的重要意义。奥斯汀强调男性和女性之间以及妇女的教育爱的积极方面都包括在内，还有限制。论文的最后一部分是结论。尽管妇女成为独立的经济，婚姻仍然是他们重要的生活goal.Austen对婚姻的看法提供有用的建议来选择合适自己的队友。2.社会历史的文学批评

社会历史的文学批评最早出现在意大利，但在France.It走红强调文学与社会activities.It之间的关系，认为文学代表在一定的社会历史environment.So生活和形式的主要文学价值在于它的社会功能和它的历史意义。原理的理解是文学作品的将被考虑作品的社会历史背景和作者的生活和其他方面的经验的是分析，理解和评价。因此，文学的分析必须从社会和历史情况启动。

社会历史的方法主要有四个特点：

通过特定的社会历史context.Each文学作品1.Analyzing文学作品是属于它的年龄和它的人民，每个人都有自己的特殊environment.It需要放置在已创建的时间。

2.To方面的工作作为一种认知模式的community.Social的深刻理解与历史批判试图通过分析作品的社会背景，以便深入地了解社会。

3.To查看反映现实，判断work.Social历史批评要求作家反映现实生活，并倡导典型形象塑造的重要标准的程度，那就是看到特异性的普遍性，以反映现实生活的现实。

4.当解释文学作品，社会，阶级和政治因素始终处于第一位，以探索作品的社会，阶级和政治价值。

社会历史批评具有原始批评的意义，文学始终是社会history.Using历史的角度看的产物寻找文学与社会历史之间的精神联系，并结合社会和历史连续性的现实，为了给予应有的重视文学和社会history.That的复杂多样性是社会历史批评只是精髓。3.在傲慢与偏见5婚姻的社会历史分析

在傲慢与偏见，奥斯汀与直接引用钱结婚打开，显示细腻的人类情感如何与互动，并通过财政考虑的影响。辉煌的第一句话概述了剧情和国家的社会批评的基本主题：“这是一个真理举世公认，一个单身男人拥有一个吉祥的必须是想娶位太太，”（奥斯汀1）“的好运气。“和”在想“这两个关键词语。”在想“是指单身男人需要一个妻子客观，而”一个好运气“是指单身男人变成谁想要抓住他作为丈夫的姑娘主观目标。这样的赞美之词，使命题有“真相”更客观。

妇女简·奥斯丁的社会选择是严重limited.Marriage不仅是一个爱的问题，更重要的是，它是economy.Both奥斯汀的问题，她的女主人公更感兴趣的钱比其他更重要的因素，当涉及到选择husbands.However，这并不意味着奥斯丁对婚姻的看法是庸俗。相反，他们真正体现了当时的社会和历史惯例。

正如她的时间女作家的女性的爱情与婚姻，简·奥斯丁描述婚姻更方便，而不是compatibility.Marriage是基于经济和社会backgrounds.In换句话说，这是更为基础上的钱，而不是1ove。纵观傲慢与偏见，奥斯汀的婚姻观是通过几种不同的人物和他们的婚姻模式婚姻传送。

4.1先进性奥斯丁的婚姻观 作为一个进步女作家，奥斯汀的婚姻原来的意见，她的代表作傲慢与偏见表达显然有先进性。在奥斯汀的时代，女性必须服从男性和依靠他们获得舒适的生活conditions.In这个意义上说，婚姻是仅仅生存women.Women一个体面的方式已经在他们的marriages.Austen情绪情感很少的预期，但是，相信由经济和社会地位决定的，婚姻不能带来真正的幸福women.Love应该是一件快乐marriage.In傲慢与偏见的显著因素，奥斯汀描绘简和伊丽莎白的婚姻，这是根据真实love.She肯定感谢他们婚姻，因为他们是一个梦想，她无法在她自己的生命永远地实现。

伊丽莎白是个明白人，聪明和自尊年轻woman.Such夫人胜贵族Darcy.Through伊丽莎白的心脏地带，奥斯汀打算以表明传统的教育体制教育的妇女无法吸引和满意men.They应该接受教育以提高他们的judgment.Their受教育程度的能力决定了他们的感官和insights.They可能的婚姻生活有美好的未来，只要他们获得与男子平等的教育。4.2局限性奥斯丁的婚姻观

奥斯汀对婚姻的看法的形成来自于她lived.It是不可能让她超越了她的社会环境，当她于marriage.Although她自己的看法，他们已经显著点，它也有一个限制的社会和历史环境茎。作为一个中产阶级的女人，奥斯汀白眼两个作业女人：当家庭教师和一位女士的companion.She选择了写作作为living.She的一种方式曾经写道卡桑德拉“更感兴趣的是获得资金和独立性，通过我的写作比成名......“（鲁宾斯坦353）。尽管如此，她没有收入，直到她death.For所有她的生活在几年前，奥斯丁是由她的父亲的支持，brothers.Austen认为女性与men.But她的这种看法等于平等可能只是在marriage.In经济领域，然而，她未能提供解决方案，为女性要独立于其他economy.Like绅女人，她也想嫁给一个有钱的丈夫，以确保她的未来life.In傲慢与偏见，没有女主人公的雄心很大，占用的工作，改变了她的life.In男性主导的社会中，他们的最终目标是要“成功”妇女和打猎富裕husbands.Their智力，感觉和方式只能作为一种手段以增加其吸引力和结婚well.Once结婚的机会，这样的素质被丈夫忽视。

奥斯汀认为，经济安全是一个marriage.However的基础，她不能为她和她为了寻求和解决完善marriage.On相反女主角经济上是独立的，她打算通过marriage.As一个改善妇女的经济状况事实上，目前“经济基础决定上层建筑。”如果女性不能获得经济上的独立，他们将成为丈夫的从属地位，不能让自己的人力dignity.Therefore，女人应该有自己的事业生活在自己身上，不管她们的丈夫以这种方式多么富有are.Only，女性可以获得从男人真正的尊重和他们的婚姻会变得更加幸福和长久。五，结论

简·奥斯汀是真正的中英文language.She最伟大的文学人物之一住在村落里和平生活，其中每个她的小说set.Her小说的主题是有限的，描述国家的普通日常生活和绅士，她是所以在她的小说中精彩的情节way.The认识很简单，因为她有一件事涉及：求偶和marriage.She是关注妇女没有灿烂的财产如何嫁给丈夫合适。

婚姻的自尊心受到充分表达和Prejudice.Austen把在小说中描绘到真实的社会和经济realities.Marriage所有五个婚姻是经济和社会地位，人的真正feelings.Women不是组合的组合经常要牺牲金融security.To很大程度上着想的感情，女人嫁给了一个有钱人，而不是他们husbands.Property起着marriage.Austen指导作用显示她women.She的灾难性命运非常同情狠狠批评了这个金钱至上的婚姻system.She值marriage.Marriage真爱基于真正的爱情被视为一个美满的婚姻。

在现代的时代，妇女的地位提高了greatly.They已经得到经济独立地位，并有权自己husbands.Marriage的选择不再是他们的survival.Instead的一种方式，它成为自我实现的重要体现。对于许多女性来说，结婚仍然是life.They的主要目标有婚姻抱有很高的期望，并希望在marriage.Austen的小说强烈而持久的关系提供了其丈夫的selection.Love有益的指导，智力，经济条件，教育背景以及家庭背景对婚姻match.When作出选择婚姻的影响，应采取所有这些因素考虑在内，而爱的地方决定性role.After婚姻，丈夫和妻子应该建立平等和相互尊重的关系。

虽然奥斯汀的时代已经一去不复返了，她的婚姻观都不会过时，他们带来灵感，以现代万人。更多我们改变，我们越留在same.That是奥斯汀和她的傲慢与偏见一个非常独特的特点。

第四篇：论文 分析《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情观和婚姻观

中

南

大 学

高等教育自学考试本科生毕业论文

论文题目: Views on love and marriage in “Pride and Prejudice”

分析《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情观和婚姻观

学生姓名：罗

考籍号：910108300488 年级专业：2007级英语 指导老师及职称：汤春华 学 院：中南大学科培中心

湖南·长沙 提交日期：2010年4月

Contents

Abstract...............................................................................................................................................1 Keywords............................................................................................................................................1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................3

1、Jane Austen and the Background of Pride and Prejudice............................................3 1.1 Jane Austen................................................................................................................3 1.2 The Background of Pride and Prejudice......................................................................4

2、Four Marriages and Ideals on Love and Marriage Shown in Pride and Prejudice......5 2.1 Four Marriages in Pride and Prejudice........................................................................5 2.1.1 Collins and Charlotte’s Marriage.............................................................................5 2.1.2 Lydia and Wickham’s Marriage...............................................................................7 2.1.3 Jane and Mr.Bingley’s Marriage.............................................................................7 2.1.4 Darcy and Elizabeth’s Marriage...............................................................................8 3.Austen’s Concept about Love and Marriage............................................................12

4、Conclusion.................................................................................................................................14 References.......................................................................................................................16 Acknowledgements.........................................................................................................19

Abstract “Pride and Prejudice” is Austen's masterpiece which described four different marriages and love.Until today, this novel is still very popular among many readers and arouses people's observation and unlimited thinking of marriage.This paper aims to probe into the views on love and marriage in ―Pride and Prejudice‖.That is: love and marriage are associated with, but not totally lie on the property and social status.The marriage which is based on the love, mutual understanding and mutual respect is a true happy marriage.Austen not only opposes marriage for money, but also is against the hasty marriage.She attaches great importance to ideal marriage and regards the feelings between men and women as the cornerstone of the ideal marriage.Keywords ―Pride and Prejudice‖;viewpoint of love;viewpoint of marriage;

摘 要

《傲慢与偏见》是奥斯汀的代表作，小说以讽刺为基调描写了四种不同形态的婚姻观和爱情观，时至今日，这部小说仍然吸引着众多读者，引发了人们对婚姻的观察和无限思考。本文就是通过对这四段婚姻的详细的分析，来探讨《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情观和婚姻观。笔者认为：爱情婚姻与财产和社会地位相互关联，但绝不能仅取于它，以爱情、相互理解及相互尊重为基础的婚姻才是幸福的婚姻。奥斯汀既反对为金钱而结婚，也反对草率结婚。她强调理想婚姻的重要性，并把男女双方感情作为缔结理想婚姻的基石。

关键词

《傲慢与偏见》；爱情观；婚姻观;

Introduction

Jane Austen humorously described the marriage in the “Pride and Prejudice” and a series of marriage-related activities in a relaxed manner.The novel consisted of how man picking their wives, how the young women choosing their future husbands and how their mothers selecting their son-in-low in many wonderful scenes.By studying the marital relationship, the authors strive to portray several different marriage and love relations.Although they had got married, the happiness of marriage is differs.This was because Austen's novels the marriage was involving not only the feelings, but also social status and money.“The bachelor who own property must marry a wife, it has become a universally recognized truth.” [6], But that really is a truth? In this paper, the novel's four marriages vividly reflected the British town life and the world state of human of 18 century to the early 19th century in a conservative and isolated state.1.Jane Austen and the Background of Pride and Prejudice

1.1.Jane Austen Jane Austen(1775 – 1817，)was one of the most outstanding writer who described the middle-class in the south of England with realism.From a unique female perspective, she left six immortal works.Her works were full of rich comedy conflicts in humorous and satirical style, so they were regarded as “the art of simplicity”.In Jane Austen's works, the content was not very wide and all were related to the life of a few middle-class families.The theme was about love and marriage between men and women.In the “Simple” works of Jane Austen, they showed us, truly and accurately, the social life and interrelationship and described the social state, marriage as well as political and economic relations between middle-class women at that time.And she expressed her views on marriage, directly or indirectly, by analyzing these phenomena.She believed that marriage just for money was wrong, but marriage of no money was stupid.She also frankly disclosed the inseparable relationship between marriages, property and family status.In her novel, as long as a woman who was intelligent, decent, 3

educated, and patient could overcome social barriers, she would receive the ideal happy marriage.Austen was born in a middle-class family of a small village in England, so the people and things in her works were all connected with this environment which was very familiar to her.It is difficult for readers to find the sufferings of those working people who lived at the bottom of the society at that time.At the same time, the important events, such as the French Revolution and Industrial Revolution, were little.Her narrative was always inseparable from the party, walk, talk, dance......Although this written style received some people's criticism, she still stick to it.She once said that she was ―sculpt on two inches of ivory‖.Austen was never married, but the marriage is the eternal theme of her writings.In her works, the marriage status of middle-class people was alive.1.2.The Background of Pride and Prejudice In this great book, the author amply demonstrated her view on love and marriage.In order to analyze these points of view, we should firstly start from the background of her great works.―At that time, according to the social conditions in Britain, a good marriage for a young woman was critical.This phenomenon was closely associated with the British society and the status of women in the society.In the 19th century, women were not well respected compared with the ones in the present society.There was no equality between woman and man.Women were considered to be inferior to men in terms of intelligence and capacity.The central life of women was forced to be staying at home.Their roles were to deal with the family affairs, such as taking care of the children and serving for the husband.‖(Zhu Hong, P34, 1995)

People at that time thought that women should be submissive to their husbands.The virtues of women were patience and deference.They must recognize their inherent inferiority to men, so they must restrict their abilities without question.Although the status of women was low, few of them expressed dissatisfaction about their own destiny.At that time, many middle-class young women had three ways out: getting married, staying at home as old maids or working as the family female teachers.The income of a family female teacher was very low, and the status was low as well.It was very difficult for them to change or swap out of this status, no one would like to be a maid forever, therefore, for young

women, especially those who did not have enough properties, getting married was the only good way for them to gain respect, stability and social status.Austen fully criticized some bad phenomena at that time in her work Pride and Prejudice and took some perfect points about marriage and loved to demonstrate her own view on love and marriage.2.The Four Marriages and the Ideas on Love and Marriage shown in Pride and Prejudice The story showed the ordinary life, feelings of the ordinary people.They were organized in a harmonious order under the author's skillful arrangement.The work mainly described four marriages.Two of them were main and assisted by the other two assistant marriages.―Darcy and Elizabeth’s love and marriage was the main theme of this work.After undergoing many setbacks, Darcy’s arrogance and Elizabeth’s prejudice eventually eliminates, the lovers finally got married.The marriage of Elizabeth’s sister Jane and Darcy’s friend Bingley was another clue.They deeply loved each other, but they were multi—blocked, after their departure, Jane missed Bingley very much.The two marriages reflected the other point of view in positive way that marriage should be based on true love, which was the ideal marry in the author’s opinion.The stories seem to be the ordinary lives, feelings and persons linked up in a harmonious order under the others meticulous concepts.However, the marriage between Charlotte and Collins was a negative example with the marriage between Lydia and Wickham, which helped to make the plots more tortuous and richer.‖(Zhu Hong, P12, 1985)

2.1.Four Marriages in Pride and Prejudice 2.1.1.Collins and Charlotte’s Marriage The article mentioned little of Charlotte, however, her image was very full.Charlotte was woman who is well-educated, intelligent and admired much by Elizabeth.But she was in financial difficulties.If she did not get married, she could only live in her brother's home to be a spinster.When Kosslyn had been rejected by Elizabeth and turned to propose to

Charlotte • Lucas, She agreed without the least hesitation and still stick to marry him though she knew that Collins was a man who was neither wise nor pleasant, and very boring and that Mr.Collins did not love her and his so-called love for her was imaginary because for her “ the marriage may not make the women to be too happy, but it is always the best safe for the women, and it can ensure them not to be affected by cold and hunger.” In “Pride and Prejudice” Austen described mostly happy marriage, which often aroused the reader's controversy, because they thought that it is too unrealistic to be true.Collins and Charlotte’s marriage made a brutal footnote for Elizabeth’s romantic and happy love.Indeed we can learn that Austen was on a critical opinion of the society at that time from the fate of Charlotte: In the male-dominated society, unmarried women had no future.Elizabeth was an idealist, she would not marry a fool for money(Kosslyn)and also not to marry a man she did not love(such as the Darcy at the beginning of the story);however Charlotte who was six years older than Elizabeth and had little property was a pragmatist.In order to avoid becoming a spinster, who would suffer gossip in the society, she must make full use of any possible opportunity to get married.As Austen said, the reason that Charlotte was willing to marry him was completely for the purpose of property.She also confessed to Elizabeth: “You know I am not a romantic.Moreover I had never been this kind of person.I only ask for a comfortable home.As with Mr.Collins's character, family relations and social status, I am convinced that my chance of happiness is as fair as most people can boast on entering them marriage state ”(......I am not romantic you know.I never was.I ask only a comfortable home;and considering Mr.Collins’s character, connections, and situation in life, I am convinced that my chance of happiness is as fair as most people can boast on entering them marriage state.)And even after their marriage, Charlotte always felt that “If forget Mr.Collins, the inside and outside of the house is indeed a very comfortable place ”.This was their marriage, which was held together through a pure relation of money and wealth.To some extend, this kind of marriages is actually a social tragedy that is concealed under the gorgeous cover.Through describing such a marriage, Jane• Austen wanted to tell the readers a common point in British society at that time that the most critical factor in marriage is not love, but money.Actually, it was more than in the United Kingdom at that time, even in today's society, this view is very popular, and can be accepted by most people.That was an era in which love was exiled.We could not blame Charlotte and the vast majority of

“Charlottes” too much because it was not entirely their false perhaps in real life love can not defeat the bread forever.2.1.2.Lydia and Wickham’s Marriage

The second marriage is between Bennett’s third daughter Lydia and Wickham, the son of the housekeeper.Originally he was well-treated by his family and friends.However, he came down in the world because of his misbehavior.He got into debt, so he wanted to get money, became rich and changed his social status through marriage which was also a way to approach the talents.He was a man without any responsibility.He does nothing except assailing a woman with obscenities.In his opinion, love was only recreation.For his purpose, he enticed Lydia and got her love easily, for she was young, innocent and vainglorious, and loved to go ease and hated to work hard, and was spoilt by her mother.Getting love and praise of a boy was her dream.So when Wickham wanted to attain to his aim－getting wealth by love and exalting her beauty hypocritically, she forgot who she was and felt she was the most beautiful and happiest girl in the world.Their love did not get the permission from the parents, so then they eloped.When Elizabeth heard the news, she believed that their love was a false.Wickham would not marry Lydia, because she is not charming and had nothing to attract him, who did not love her but loved the wealth of her family.The marriage was admitted with the help of Darcy.Their marriage was considered to be a scandal in Bennett’s family.But Mrs.Bennet was not disgraceful to this marriage.When Collins got the news, he was very angry and reacted to the marriage to revenge his early failure of proposal to her.This marriage was one without love.They didn’t have the real meaning of marriage.They only wanted to satisfy their aspiration.So we can say this is a kind of impromptu love and marriage without true love and responsibility.Such couples only seek the experience of marriage but not everlasting and unchanging one.Of course, such kind of marriage is doomed to be a tragedy.2.1.3.Jane and Mr.Bingley’s Marriage In the novel, Bingley and Jane never stopped pursuing their true love although there were so many obstacles between them.Fortunately, with the help of Darcy and Elizabeth, they finally got married and had a happy life.Bingley and Jane had many similarities in their

characters, which was the main reason to the success of their marriage.They possessed personal attractiveness and dignity, social graces, and a measure of good sense.They all had good breeding, but lacked insight, strength, and self-confidence.They didn’t show their insides easily to the public because they cared the social criticism too much.For Jane, she always concealed her true feelings, which gave others an illusion that she didn’t love Bingley.For Bingley, he yielded easily to criticism of Jane’s social position and easily accepted the suggestions of his sisters and Darcy, which almost consumed the felicity between Jane and him.Frankly speaking, the outside forces facilitated their marriage.According to the relationship between Bingley and Jane, love and respect were the basic factors of their successful and happy marriage.With many similarities in character, people can understand each other easily.Most important of all, the couple with common interest can live together in a happy life.Because they understand, help and support between them.They didn’t care the defects of their partners and even they didn’t see any faults in each other.Just as the old saying goes, ―Birds of a feather flock together, people of a mind fall into the same group.‖

2.1.4.Darcy and Elizabeth’s Marriage Elizabeth was the actress in the “Pride and Prejudice”.Her love and marriage was the main thread running through the entire novel.At the beginning of the “recognized the truth” mentioned in the novel, all the girls in the middle-class families wanted to marry a good man.But Elizabeth had a different interpretation for a “good husband”.She believed that a husband not only need have certain number of family property but also must respect women, and at the same time there must be mutual understanding between them.Mr.Collins was the first suitor to Elizabeth.Elizabeth was surprised at first, but soon turned down Collins's proposal of marriage because she did not love Collins and could not fall in love with him.Elizabeth was impressed by Wickham’s elegant behavior and demeanor, but she still did not want to choose him to be her husband.She told her aunt that she could handle the relationship between her and Wickham and she would not fall in love with Wickham.Collins was secular cavity too, but smart without a common language with Elizabeth.Wickham is not rich man and lack of morality.Despite later Elizabeth discovered the true

face of Wickham.It did not affect the principle of Elizabeth optional husband.Wickham's exposure to poverty let him outside the scope of Elizabeth's choice of husband.But later why did Elizabeth reject Darcy who is a handsome wealthy man? Elizabeth clearly stated her answer: “Why, with so evident a design of offending and insulting me, you choose to tell me that you liked me against your will, against your reason, and even against your character? Was not this some excuse for incivility, if I was uncivil? ”(Austen, 2004:139).Of course, she had prejudice for Darcy and Wickham fabricated lies about Darcy, which had a certain impact on Elizabeth’ refusal to Darcy's marriage proposal, but the most important reason was that Elizabeth hated Darcy for their arrogant attitude.Elizabeth rejected the arrogant Darcy, but Darcy accepted the humble.Their marriage was based on Darcy's property and their love.The composition of property and the love marriage was the two indispensable important factors.When her sister Jane asked Elizabeth t how long she had fallen in love with Darcy, she replied: “It has been coming on so gradually that I hardly know when it began, but I believe I must date it from my first seeing his beautiful grounds at Pemberly.”(Austen, 2004:275)On the one hand, it revealed Elizabeth’s mockery.On the other hand, it also reflected her inner thoughts.It was this statement which reflected her attitude for money, marriage and life: The marriage based on no money was undesirable.So she visited Darcy’s luxurious Pember Lee Garden.After visiting the Manor, she felt that to be the Pember Lee Gardens hostess was quite good.From a psychological sense, it was a direct reflection of her inner thoughts.She was Bonnet’s second daughter, an active, intelligent and smart girl.She had a middle-class family background and had not been affected by the formal education belonging to those aristocratic young girls, so she was not good at music and painting, but she had read many books which made her knowledgeable and perceptive.The most important aspect was that she was a lady with dignity and upbringing.Darcy was a tall man with good manner.He was handsome, rich and powerful.So he was the ideal husband of most girls.He had grown up in the surroundings with strong sense of power, so he was always selfish and arrogant and had a critical look at each individual, except the family members.He was not concerned about anyone else, and looked down upon anyone else.Therefore, when he first arrived in the village, he found all the persons were beyond his imagination.Although every girl was young and lovely, he has no interest in young girls

except Elizabeth.But actually, at first he didn’t put an eye on Elizabeth.Gradually, he had to admit that Elizabeth was beautiful, distinct and popular, although he insisted that Elizabeth hadn't the same social status as him.Darcy was rational because he has a strong sense of power, which agreed on the reality at that time.Although he expressed his love to Elizabeth, he couldn't help showing his arrogance, which made Elizabeth have misconception and prejudice on Darcy.Darcy loved Elizabeth, but looked down upon her social status.He considered that he had been lowing himself and doing something against his will, personalities and even moral standard.He thinks that his marriage would certainly succeed and Elizabeth was waiting for him to propose marriage.Therefore, even he was irresistible to the flooding feelings, and condescends to Elizabeth.He still remembered the gap between them.Clearly, the rational aspect of Darcy’s personality performed on the realities of society.When he talked about his feelings of love, he also expressed the arrogance of these fully feelings, which resulted in the arousing resentment of Elizabeth;she rejected his marriage proposal, and angrily accused his insolence.The rational aspect of the heroine Elizabeth showed her clear, calm and actually stressful personality.Compared with her stupid mother, the smooth and lazy father, the shallow-minded, self-willed sister with feather head, Elizabeth was one with ideal mind.She was elegant like her sister Jane, but more intellectually.She also advised her sister to see through the stupidity and nonsense of those camouflage honest persons.Unconsciously, they were fascinated by each other for the physical attraction, and this led to the experience of passion in a loving relationship.In regard to Darcy, he initially did not think Elizabeth was beautiful enough, and scorned her low relatives and vulgar family members despite his later passion for Elizabeth.Darcy loved Elizabeth’s charming appearance and intelligence.His admiration for Elizabeth was obvious in the following details.When Elizabeth went to look after her sister Jane on foot, Miss Bingley made fun of her and her family at the back.Even Miss Bingley said to Darcy, ―I am afraid….that this adventure has rather lessened your admiration for her fine eyes‖.But Darcy replied: ―Not at all, they are brightened by the exercise‖.At Pemberley when Miss Bingley noticed that Darcy admired Elizabeth, she intended to confuse Elizabeth and made her show some feeling that might harm her in Darcy’s opinion.But it meant nothing to Darcy.She continued to criticize Elizabeth’s appearance, behavior and dress.Darcy could no longer control himself

and said: ―For many months I have considered her as one of the best looking women I have consider her as one of the best looking women in my acquaintance‖.The intimacy component was formed after the prejudice was relieved.For Elizabeth, there are three elements causing her prejudice against Darcy—Darcy’s humiliation of her at the Meryton assembly by his aloof manner and superiority;and her suspicion of his responsibility for Mr.Bingley’s sudden migration to London which would ruin her sister’s chance of happiness.So when he made his proposal to Elizabeth, he heard her say: ―I had not known you a month before I felt that you were the last man in the world whom I could ever be induced to marry‖.Shocked and humiliated by Elizabeth’s refusal, the arrogant Darcy finally learned his lessons from Elizabeth.Upright as he actually was, Darcy wrote letter to Elizabeth, reveals the true character of Wickham and his true perception of Jane’s manner to Bingley.It was at this moment that Elizabeth contemplated the whole thing and she turned ―absolutely ashamed of herself‖, and the prejudice was relieved.Elizabeth at this point moved from strong hospitality to benevolent neutrality, but ―she could not approve him;or refusal, or feel the slightest inclination ever to see him again‖.The commitment component was formed after Elizabeth accept Darcy’s proposal.Only on the condition that Elizabeth saw the altered new Darcy, could she accept him as her man, who she respected and who respected her and her family.When Darcy meets Elizabeth at Pemberly unexpectedly, he entered into conversation with Mr.Gardiner.Elizabeth’s uncle, and asked permission for his sister to call upon Elizabeth.When Elizabeth told him that Lydia has run away with Wickham, he didn’t despise her but brought about the marriage by giving Wickham money.He started to stand on the level of equality to propose Elizabeth and he succeeded.After dispelling all misunderstandings, all three components of love——intimacy, passion, and commitment are formed.3.Austen’s Concept about Love and Marriage

Jane Austen is a writer who regards novel writing as a sophisticated art.With a cool hand, she always has her imagination and passion under control.With great details drawn from everyday life and activities, the pictures of her characters are vividly portrayed and everyone comes alive.With simple language and conversing dialogues, her novels are surprisingly realistic.When she converted the disorderly reality into an orderly artistic unity, she pays much attention to the formal qualities of composition, to the design, and to the subordination of the parts to the whole.Her plots appear natural, unforced.They were developed easily and unhurriedly under the author’s perfect control.All the characters have their place in the plot and contribute to the main story.At her best, she keeps balance between facts and form as no other English novelist has ever done.Jane Austen is one of the few novelists who have managed fully to satisfy the requirements in the art of novel writing.Compared with other writers, Jane Austen defined hers stories within a narrow sphere.The subject matters, the character range, the social setting and plots are all restrict to the late 18th century England.Everything in her novels reminds us of a quiet, uneventful and contented life of the English country.Jane Austen believed that a man’s relation to his wife and children is at least as important a part of his life as his belief and career, and reveals him fundamentally, so she characterizes readers a human being not at moments of crisis, but in the most trivial incidents of everyday life, such as their personal relations, human beings with their families and neighbors, etc.As a result, her novels have a universal significance.Jane Austen’s main concern is about human beings in their personal relationship.As a result her novels have a universal significance.From her point of view, life is made up of small things and human nature reveals itself in them as fully as in big ones and a man’s relationship to his wife and children is at least as important a part of his life as his concerns about his belief and career, which reveals his moral quality more accurately and truthfully.So when Jane Austen writes she would describe human being in the most trivial incidents of everyday life rather than at moments of crisis.She wrote within a narrow sphere.The subject matter, the character range, the social settings and plots are all restricted to the provincial life of the late 18th century England.Her attention would go to three or four landed gentle

families with their daily routine life: relationships with members of their own family and with their friends, dancing parties, tea parties, picnics, barbecues and gossips.As a realistic writer, she considers it her duty to express in her words a serious criticism of life and to expose the weakness and illusions of mankind.In her style she is a neoclassicism advocator, upholding those traditional ideas of order, reason, proportion and graceful in novel writing.The interest of Jane Austen is to study human being in their relations with other people in daily life, so her novels concern about the relationship between men and women in love.Stories of love and marriage provide the framework for all her novels and in which women are always taken as the major characters.In their pursuit of a happy marriage, they could be grouped into three categories: those who marry for money, position and property, those who marry just for passion and those who marry for love which is based on consideration of both the person’s personal merit and his economical and social status.So in her novels the point that money is not the only thing in the consideration of marriage but it plays a very important role found best reflection there.Austen’s this view towards marriage is still very popular nowadays.There are a lot of novels talking about marriage in Britain, but scarcely an author could be like Austen, exposing the money-essence of capitalism marriage system so deeply.In brief, it is money that determines everybody’s life and fate, especially marriage.As for it was pragmatic meaning, it could be forceful and penetrating.No wonder that David Dax，a western Marxism critic said, in the aspect of exposing ―the economics of human beings’ behavior‖, Jane Austen, ―to some extent, had been a Marxist before Marx’s being born.4.Conclusion As in any good love story, the lovers must elude and overcome numerous stumbling blocks, beginning with the tensions caused by the lovers’ own personal qualities.Elizabeth’s pride makes her misjudge Darcy on the basis of a poor first impression, while Darcy’s prejudice against Elizabeth’s poor social standing blinds him, for a time, to her many virtues.Of course, one could also say that Elizabeth is guilty of prejudice and Darcy of pride: the title cuts both ways.Austen, meanwhile, poses countless smaller obstacles to the realization of the love between Elizabeth and Darcy, including Lady Catherine’s attempt to control her nephew, Miss Bingley’s snobbery, Mrs.Bennet’s idiocy, and Wickham’s deceit.In each case, anxieties about social connections, or the desire for better social connections, interfere with the workings of love.Darcy and Elizabeth’s realization of a mutual and tender love seems to imply that Austen views love as something independent of these social forces, as something that can be captured if only an individual is able to escape the warping effects of hierarchical society.Austen does sound some more realist(or, one could say, cynical)notes about love, using the character of Charlotte Lucas, who marries the buffoon Mr.Collins for his money, to demonstrate that the heart does not always dictate marriage.Yet with her central characters, Austen suggests that true love is a force separate from society and one that can conquer even the most difficult of circumstances.The title tells the major concern of the novel: pride and prejudice.Pride is the character flaw that causes Elizabeth to dislike Darcy upon their first meeting.Yet Elizabeth herself also suffers from the same flaw;her pride in her own ability to analyze character is such that she refuses to reevaluate Darcy in the face of evidence in his favor.The concept of pride can be defined into two ways: positive and negative.Possessing positive or right pride is to have self-respect, honor, and integrity.On the other hand, wrong or negative pride is defined as showing arrogant or disdainful conduct and haughtiness.Mr.Darcy displays the positive side of pride while Mr.Bennet possesses wrong or negative pride, and a lack of pride itself in some cases.Darcy is responsible for his sister, himself, his estate, and his family name.He takes pride in these things and does anything he can to protect them.But Mr.Bennet who is a father of five daughters, a husband, and the holder of reputable conduct in the family, does

not take pride in his family or takes his responsibility;Mr.Bennet ridicules the members of his family instead of controlling their unruly actions.Pride and Prejudice depicts a society in which a woman’s reputation is of the utmost importance.A woman is expected to behave in certain ways.Stepping outside the social norms makes her vulnerable to ostracism.This theme appears in the novel, when Elizabeth walks to Netherfield and arrives with muddy skirts, to the shock of the reputation-conscious Miss Bingley and her friends.At other points, the ill-mannered, ridiculous behavior of Mrs.Bennet gives her a bad reputation with the more refined(and snobbish)Darcy and Bingley.Austen pokes gentle fun at the snobs in these examples, but later in the novel, when Lydia elopes with Wickham and lives with him out of wedlock, the author treats reputation as a very serious matter.By becoming Wickham’s lover without benefit of marriage, Lydia clearly places herself outside the social pale, and her disgrace threatens the entire Bennet family.Love is wonderful.The distance between two hearts is not necessarily because physical proximity or separation may change.But youth and love are the most likely to disappear under the sun of things.A woman can be deeply loved by a man in her all life.Is that a kind of happy? Or, a woman in her life missed a man who deeply loved her.What kind of regrets? Pride and Prejudice are the two points in our common human weaknesses.The human nature is too easily distorted, alienated.If not carefully or falling into blindness, you will loss of justice and reason.Meanwhile it was manipulated by emotions and it will go wrong.Elizabeth and Darcy is only one representative.The origin, property, status, education, once stained with upper edge, it is easy arrogance of the illnesses contracted on the poor, low, vulgar person disdained eyes;while the low status, property, few people, for humanity a kind of self-esteem, places biased against the pride of the superior person, which naturally is another distortion of arrogance.In “Pride and Prejudice”, although it is a battle of wits and means shining love sitcoms, actually tells us a truth, that is a solid love is the cornerstone of marriage.In order to property, money and status of marriage is wrong;while marriage does not take into account the factors mentioned above is also foolish.Love and similar interests are the basic factors of a successful and happy marriage.With many similarities in character, people can understand each other easily.Most important of all, the couple with similar interests can live together with a happy life, because there are

understandings, helps and supporting between them.They don’t care the defects of their partners and even they don’t see any faults in each other.Just as the old saying going, ―Birds of a feather flock together, people of a mind fill into the same group.‖

References：

[1] Alan Macfarlane.Marriage and Love in England1300-1800[M].Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1986 [2]于 欣.Money and Marriage——The Matrimonial Value Orientation in Pride and Prejudice[J].科教文汇，2006，（6）: 132-133.[3]李维屏.乔伊斯的美学思想和艺术[M].上海：上海外语教育出版社，2000 [4][英]狄更斯著.孙法理译.双城记[M].南京：译林出版社，1996.6，第一版，序言 [5]Austen.Jane 林立译Pride and Prejudice[M].北京：航空工业出版社，2007.[6] 简·奥斯汀著.孙 致礼 译.傲慢与偏见[M].上海：上海译文出版社，1900 [7] 陈忠实.白鹿原[M].北京：人民文学出版社，1993

Acknowledgements I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis.I gratefully acknowledge the help of my supervisor, Miss.Tang who has offered me valuable suggestions in the academic studies.In the preparation of the thesis，she has spent much time reading through each draft and provided me with inspiring advice.Without her patient instruction, insightful criticism and expert guidance, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible.I also owe a special debt of gratitude to all the professors in The Central South of University, from whose devoted teaching and enlightening lectures I have benefited a lot and academically prepared for the thesis.I should finally like to express my gratitude to my beloved parents who have always been helping me out of difficulties and supporting without a word of complaint.

第五篇：傲慢与偏见社会阶级论文

如果是你，读完《《傲慢与偏见》会有什么想法呢？不妨一起学习下文吧。

傲慢与偏见社会阶级论文

【摘要】婚姻不只是一份契约，而是一生的允诺与守候，它在我们的人生之中占了很大的比重。幸福是一种主观感受，一个人的婚姻是否幸福，与他对婚姻的态度有关。有人为爱结婚，有人为情欲结婚，有人为财富结婚，也有人为结婚而结婚。《傲慢与偏见》向我们展示了不同的婚姻观，也让我们思考，怎样的婚姻才是我们想要的，怎样的婚姻才是适合自己的。

【关键词】婚姻 态度 爱情 财富 围城

婚姻在现代汉语词典里的解释是因结婚而产生的夫妻关系。这简短几个字的概念，却涵盖了千千万万种感情，有爱，有责任，有酸甜苦辣千万种滋味。不同的人，对婚姻的期待和看法也是不同的，有人因为爱而结婚，有人因为责任而结婚，有人为金钱而结婚，更有人，只是因为到了结婚的年龄而结婚。

婚姻到底意味着什么？我觉得婚姻对一个人的影响是从他出生便有的。当你还是一个小孩子的时候，婚姻对你来说，就是爸爸辛苦工作后，回到家，妈妈端上热腾腾的饭菜，给爸爸盛上一碗饭；就是爸爸妈妈因为一件小事发生争吵，冷静之后又重归于好；就是有了你之后，从两个人的关系变成了三个人的关系，从两个人变成一个家。爸爸妈妈的婚姻对一个小孩子的婚姻观是有着很大的影响的。当你长大了，懂得了爱情，婚姻对你来说，就是将这段爱情放进自己的储藏室，钥匙由你和你的爱人保管；就是让两个人变成一个家，“死生契阔，与子相悦；执子之手，与子偕老。”

不知道从什么时候开始，或者说，从来都是如此，婚姻不只是纯粹的爱的围城，里面有了责任，有了金钱，有了各种各样世俗的东西，为爱结婚被人看成是一种笑话，一种异想天开，一种永远不可能实现的奢侈。婚姻变成获取金钱，寻求安定的工具，有时候又像是一种作伴的习惯，两个人，到了结婚的年龄，自然而然地结婚了，可能没有爱情，没有冲动，有的只是一种理智，一种思考和选择。

简奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》，让我对婚姻这个概念有了更深刻的思考。作者运用风趣诙谐的语言刻画了几对不同的婚姻，每一个婚姻都折射出在简奥斯汀生活的那个时代人们对于婚姻的态度。通过对四对青年男女伊丽莎白与达西，简与宾利，莉迪亚与魏肯，夏洛蒂与柯林斯婚事的描述，我们看到了：为了财富而结婚的世俗婚姻和为了美貌和情欲而结婚的盲目婚姻都是错误的，不能得到长久的幸福，而真正幸福的婚姻是建立在爱情和理智基础之上的。

一、夏洛特卢卡斯的婚姻--最现实的婚姻

夏洛特是伊丽莎白最要好的朋友，但她们在婚姻的选择上是不同的。和伊丽莎白一样，夏洛特没有财富，她貌不惊人，但很有头脑，也可称得上是个精明人。她认为“婚姻生活是否幸福，完全是个机会问题。”作为一个已经二十七岁的女人，她对婚姻的选择完全是出于现实的考虑。当她第一次遇见柯林斯的时候，她就见识了他的愚蠢，而且当他向她求婚时，她也清楚地知道“柯林斯肯定不是个通情达理的人，也不叫人喜欢”。但是她还是立刻答应了，因为“婚姻一直是她的目标，至于找什么样的男人，婚后生活怎样，则不太看重，对于受过良好教育但财产不多的年轻女子来说，嫁人是唯一的一条体面的路，而且尽管能否得到幸福毫无把握，嫁人也一定是她们最惬意的可以免于贫困的避难所”。①夏洛特为了金钱而结婚，通过婚姻她仅仅得到一个富有的人，从而有了经济上的安全感。婚姻对他们来说可谓是一项任务，但是柯林斯夫妇都从婚姻中得到了自己想要的东西：夏洛特得到了安定富足的生活；柯林斯也得到了一个温暖的家，这就是他们对婚姻的理解。

二、莉迪亚贝内特的婚姻--最荒唐的婚姻

贝内特家的小女儿莉迪亚是一个头脑简单、轻浮而又虚荣的姑娘，小小年纪便热衷于社交，喜欢与梅里顿的军官往来，并以此为荣。“只要任何人一怂恿，她就会投入任何人的怀抱。她的感情总是不停地起伏波动，摇摆不定”。威克汉姆是一个外表英俊，实际道德败坏，非常奢侈，又背信弃义的人。他先是引诱富有的达西小姐，但阴谋告破，没有得逞。在加入民兵团后，他先对伊丽莎白大献殷勤，继而又对富有的金小姐展开追求，最后竟然和丽迪亚私奔。

莉迪亚与威克汉姆的结合可说是荒唐至极。她对威克汉姆的爱慕完全是由于对方“俊朗的面庞、标致的身材还有迷人的谈吐”。他们的关系完全是建立在情欲与外表上，没有任何爱情基础，可以说是既不实际，也不浪漫。他们之间的婚姻也是有条件的，是在达西的帮助下，两人才勉强地结了婚。但是“两人奢侈挥霍，只顾眼前快活，从不顾及将来，他们常靠给简或伊丽莎白写信求助，指望他们的接济来支付帐单。威克汉姆对莉迪亚的爱不久就一落千丈，化为冷漠。”②莉迪亚和威克汉姆也都从婚姻中得到了自己想要的东西：莉迪亚得到了情欲的满足；威克汉姆也得到他想要的财富，这就是他们对婚姻的理解。

三、简贝内特的婚姻--最“美满”的婚姻

简和宾利的婚姻被认为是最美满的婚姻。贝内特家的大女儿简温柔可爱，漂亮大方，对人总是往好的一面去想。她的这些迷人气质完全吸引了年轻英俊、潇洒富有的宾利。两人相互吸引和相互爱慕，虽是好事多磨，最终他们也抛弃了身份地位的重重阻碍走到了一起。这是一桩令人艳羡的美满婚姻。然而，我觉得这美好的背后是潜伏着一定的危机性的。简和宾利男才女貌，彼此相配，任何人看来，他们都是最适合在一起的。他们的婚姻，在我看来，爱情不是最主要的基础，最主要的是一种吸引力。宾利为简的美貌和善良所吸引，简为宾利的英俊潇洒和绅士风度所吸引，他们之间的爱更多表现为一种相互之间的仰慕之情。婚姻是一份复杂的契约，双方必须有足够的爱的基础来维持这份契约。而简和宾利之间的爱情太过平淡，太过于理所当然，以至于不够刻骨铭心，让我感觉不太安稳，似乎潜藏着一丝丝危险的气息。

四、伊丽莎白贝内特的婚姻--最让人羡慕的婚姻

钱钟书先生将婚姻比喻成一座围城，“城外的人想冲进去，城里的人想逃出来。”但是我觉得这个婚姻理论是不适合达西和伊丽莎白的。他们之间的婚姻是以曲折跌宕却又刻骨铭心的爱情为基础的。伊丽莎白和达西一开始就给对方留下了不好的印象。伊丽莎白认为达西傲慢无礼，而达西也因为伊丽莎白所处的社会阶层和她那些不甚体面的亲戚而忽视了她的优点和美德。后来，达西终于认识到伊丽莎白的可贵之处，展开追求，在被拒绝后仍然不气不馁，终于通过自己的行动消除了伊丽莎白对自己的偏见和误解，从而两人走到了一起。

以第一次求婚为界，在思想上改变的不单单是伊丽莎白，还有达西。伊丽莎白因为达西的信，认识到了自己的偏见；达西因为伊丽莎白的话，认识到了自己的傲慢。如果伊丽莎白对于达西的第一次求婚没有拒绝的话，可能达西对于她的迷恋并不会持久。如果没有拒绝时的对话，达西还是那个虽然家财万贯，虽然一表人材，但太过傲慢的高高在上的人。对于这样的人，伊丽莎白即使因为一时冲动而同意嫁给了他，在不久的将来，伊丽莎白仍会后悔的。而如果没有拒绝后的那封信，伊丽莎白仍旧是那个虽然开朗，美丽，直率，却太过主观和偏见的人，对于这样的人，达西不久便会厌倦的。因为有这些波折，他们之间的爱情才显得更加珍贵，更加深刻。

如果说婚姻是一座围城，而男女主人公是像达西和伊丽莎白这样的人，那么，即使一开始他们互相看不顺眼，彼此存有偏见，到最后还是愿意被困在这样一座城里的。爱的力量是伟大的，它可以让一个惹人讨厌的人为爱改变，可以让你抛开偏见，重新认识并接受一个人。

爱是冲动，是失去理智，是意气用事，任由自己癫狂，爱情本身就是疯狂。然而，又有多少人能为爱疯狂呢？现实是残酷的，婚姻不等于爱情，以至于“死生契阔，与子相悦；执子之手，与子偕老。”这个理想离我们越来越远。达西和伊丽莎白的婚姻是最幸福的，除了刻骨铭心的爱情，还有一个必要条件，那就是达西雄厚的财富。金钱在他们的婚姻中一点也不世俗，这份财富给他们的爱以阳光和养分，他们的婚姻是最让人羡慕的。如果婚姻是这样一座围城，那么我会很愿意被困在这样一座城中，被爱围困何尝不是一种幸福呢？

幸福是一种主观感受，一个人的婚姻是否幸福，与他对婚姻的态度有关。有人为爱结婚，有人为情欲结婚，有人为财富结婚，也有人为结婚而结婚。《傲慢与偏见》向我们展示了不同的婚姻观，也让我们思考，怎样的婚姻才是我们想要的，怎样的婚姻才是适合自己的。

“死生契阔，与子相悦；执子之手，与子偕老”是我对婚姻最美好的期盼，也是我看了《傲慢与偏见》这部小说后更加坚定的信念。