第一篇：安南清华大学演讲(中英文)（大全）
安南在清华大学的演讲（英汉双语）
www.xiexiebang.com 2008-1-30 台海网
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Secretary-General“s speech at Qing Hua University
Secretary-General Kofi Annan:
Thank you, President Gu, for that most flattering introduction.Ladies and Gentlemen, It is a great honour for me to speak at one of China”s great academic institutions one that is helping to revive and maintain your country“s historic tradition of leading the world in science and technology, and one whose alumni are to be found in positions of leadership throughout the country.Here, as in so many other places in China, no visitor can help feeling the excitement of a great country developing at breakneck speed, and every day opening up new vistas of knowledge and opportunity to its citizens.You can be really proud of your country and what it has achieved in the last 25 years.As I look out over the young faces in this audience I cannot help envying the international students more than a thousand, I am told, from over 50 countries who have the privilege of sharing your learning experience here.It reminds me for a moment of my own student days, when my country, Ghana, was newly independent.We felt we were suddenly reaching out to the world, and making new discoveries every day.But then I also remember that times of rapid change can bring pain and confusion, even destruction, as well as progress and excitement.The more rapid and exciting it is, the more change calls for careful management, and wise, humane leadership.Order and stability have to be preserved, but without choking off the freedom to enquire, and experiment, and express oneself, since as you young researchers know better than anyone knowledge and science have a vital role in national development.And technical expertise needs to be harnessed to the development and security of society as a whole, so that it not only creates greater wealth for the few, but enables all citizens to feel safer and more prosperous.The development of such a great country as China cannot happen in isolation.It affects the whole world, and it draws you into new relationships with other parts of the world.Increasingly, your economy depends on exchanges with other countries both imports and exports, of both goods and capital.Foreign investment plays an essential role in your growth, while your holdings of foreign currencies and your management of your own currency are coming to play a vital part in the international monetary system.This means that you have a stake in the development and prosperity of the wider world.And your security, too, depends on international peace and stability.Your government shows that it understands this, by the role that it plays in the United Nations, and elsewhere.And increasingly, Chinese citizens are called on to take risks，and make sacrifices, in the interests of global security.It was impressive to see, in our newspapers the other day, pictures of Chinese policemen in blue helmets preparing to join the United Nations mission in Haiti an island buffeted by both human and meteorological storms, which is literally on the far side of the world from here.So I am here, in part, to express the world”s gratitude.Clearly you in China have understood, as your saying goes, that we all share the same breath.Human misery knows no frontiers, and nor should human solidarity.Indeed, solidarity was one of the fundamental values solemnly reaffirmed, four years ago, by the political leaders from all over the world who met at United Nations Headquarters, and issued the Millennium Declaration.They declared that global challenges must be managed in a way that distributes the costs and burdens fairly…Those who suffer or who benefit least deserve help from those who benefit most.They promised to spare no effort to free more than one billion of their fellow men, women and children from extreme poverty, and to make the right to development a reality for all.And they set themselves precise benchmarks by which their success in keeping these promises could be measured, in the year 2015.Those benchmarks have come to be known as the Millennium Development Goals, or MDGs.First among them is the pledge to reduce by half the proportion of people in the world living on an income of less than one dollar a day.Others include the pledge to halt, and begin to reverse, the spread of HIV/AIDS;and the pledge to integrate the principles of sustainable development into every country“s policies and programmes, so that our children and grandchildren will not face the threat of living on a planet irredeemably spoilt by human activities, or whose resources are not sufficient for their needs.Will the world reach these goals by 2015? It depends, in great part, on China.Your population is so large, and your economy is growing so rapidly, that your impact on all global statistics is enormous.It is theoretically possible that we might succeed in halving the proportion of very poor people in the world by 2015, simply because China had succeeded in lifting almost all its people out of that category, even if most countries in Africa still had the same proportion.Conversely, many countries might, by 2015, have made great strides in combating HIV/AIDS, or adopting sustainable models of development.But if China had failed to do those things, there would still be terrible consequences for humanity.However, that need not be the path taken, either in this country or in the rest of the world.Both for your national interests and in the interest of the world as a whole, you have a great responsibility to look after your people, and your natural environment.But your responsibility does not end there.The eighth and last Millennium Development Goal is a global partnership for development.This means that developing countries must not be left to develop on their own.They need the help of the richer and more powerful countries through the removal of
unfair trade barriers and subsidised competition;through the elimination of the debts which oblige so many poor countries to spend more on repaying and servicing their creditors than they can on the social needs of their own people;and through more generous official development aid which the rich countries have repeatedly promised to provide.In practical terms, global partnership means that every country where there is extreme poverty is entitled to expect help in forging and pursuing a national strategy to achieve the MDGs by 2015.For the poorest countries, most of which are in Africa, this will be of decisive importance.Without it, they will not reach the Goals.With it, they are in with a real chance.That places a big responsibility on the rich countries and it is one that China shares.I know you are used to thinking of your country as a developing one, and so it is probably the fastest developing country the world has ever seen.But the more successfully it develops, the more it too will be expected to show solidarity with smaller and poorer countries that still need a helping hand.By the same token, as China”s geopolitical weight grows, so does its share of responsibility for world security.As well as global solidarity, the Millennium Declaration expressed a shared vision of collective security, rooted in the United Nations Charter.Yet the events of the past two years have called that consensus in question.Some have doubted whether Article 51 of the Charter, which reaffirms the inherent right of self-defence if an armed attack occurs against a Member of the United Nations, until the Security Council has taken measures necessary to maintain international peace and security, is still sufficient in an age when an armed attack may come without warning, from a clandestine terrorist group, perhaps armed with weapons of mass destruction.They have argued that force must sometimes be used preventively, and that they must be free to decide when their national security requires it.Others have replied that that doctrine is in itself a grave threat to international peace and security since it might imply that any state has the right to use force whenever it sees fit, without regard to other states“ concerns.And that is precisely the state of affairs which the United Nations was created to save humanity from.Indeed, the first purpose of the United Nations, laid down in Article 1 of the Charter, is to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace.We must show that the United Nations is capable of fulfilling that purpose, so that States do not feel obliged or entitled to take the law into their own hands.That is why, last year, I asked a small panel of distinguished men and women to make recommendations on ways of dealing with threats and challenges to peace and security in the twenty-first century.I am delighted that a very wise Chinese statesman, Mr.Qian Qichen, agreed to join that panel, whose report should be ready in a few weeks” time.I hope that its recommendations will help us to rebuild and improve our global security
system, so that in future no state feels it has to face global threats on its own, and all can feel confident that others will respect the rules.In short, my friends, there is much to be done to make the world safe in this new century, and to give all its inhabitants a real chance of living prosperous and fulfilling lives.Many bold decisions need to be taken, and taken soon.I hope that some of the most important may be taken in September next year, when world leaders will again assemble at the United Nations to review the progress made, or not made, since the Millennium Declaration.This will be the world“s best chance for a breakthrough to address the joint global challenges of development and security.Yet the task will be much tougher than five years ag instead of setting goals, this time leaders must agree on concrete decisions to achieve them.For 191 nations to agree on a common path forward, many debates will be needed over the coming year, both within countries and among them.Governments will have to work together and reach compromises, sometimes involving the sacrifice of cherished national goals or interests.And they can do so only if their peoples understand what is at stake, and firmly support it
China, with its remarkable experience in development and expertise in security, can make a leading contribution to this vital global breakthrough.That is why I am so glad to be in Beijing today, and to have the chance to speak not only to your government but also to you here, in one of China”s great centres of innovation and creative thought.You young educated people have so much to contribute to development, and to meeting the global challenges that I have spoken about safeguarding world peace and security, developing friendly relations among peoples of different faith or culture, and achieving the Millennium Development Goals.You already have a well-developed network of solidarity between richer and poorer regions within China, and I know many of you will be serving in poor areas, after you graduate.I hope some of you will think also about serving in other parts of the world, where your skills may be even more desperately needed.I urge you all and your contemporaries throughout China to commit yourselves to finding answers to our century“s great challenges of poverty, disease, and environmental degradation.I say to you, as I have said to students in the United States, and many other countries, go out and make the world better!
But I have spoken long enough.Now it”s your turn.If you have questions, I will try to answer them.But I hope you may also have comments, so that I can learn from you.Thank You.女士们、先生们：
清华大学是中国最具声望的学府之一，来到这里演讲使我感到十分荣幸。中国具有领先世界科技的历史传统，贵校正在努力恢复和保持这一传统，贵校的毕 业生遍布全国各地的领导岗位。
和在中国其他许多地方一样，凡是来到清华大学参观的人，都不能不对伟大中国突飞猛进的发展，每天给人民带来的新的知识和机会而感到兴奋。各位，你们尽可对自己的国家和国家 25 年来的成就感到骄傲。
看着听众席上一张张年轻的面孔，我不得不对国际学生充满羡慕之情。我听说，来自 50 多个国家的 1000 多名学生有幸与大家一起在贵校同窗学习。
这使我想起了我自己的求学岁月，当时我的祖国加纳刚刚获得独立。我们突然感到，我们的国家正在走向世界，我们每天都有新的发现。
但是，我也记得迅速变化的年代带来的不仅是进步和兴奋，它同样能带来痛苦和困惑，甚至是破坏。
变化越是迅速、越是令人兴奋，就越需要谨慎把握，需要明智和以人为本的领导。
我们必须找出办法保护贫穷和弱势群体的利益不受侵犯，朝气蓬勃的年轻一代不被剥夺变化带来的各种机会。
我们必须维护秩序和稳定，但也不应扼杀探索、试验和表达意见的自由。作为年轻的学者，你们比任何人都更清楚地知道，在国家的发展中，知识和科学有着举足轻重的作用。应该把科技专门知识用于全社会的发展和保障，既要为少数人带来更大的财富，又要使全体公民感到更加安全，更加富裕。
中国是一个伟大的国家，中国的发展不可能在孤立中实现。中国的发展对全世界产生了影响，而发展又把中国带入了与世界其他地区建立的新型关系。
就商品和资金的进出口而言，中国经济对与其他国家交流的依赖程度越来越大。外国投资对于中国经济的增长发挥着根本的作用，而中国的外汇储备以及贵国对本国货币的管理，将在国际货币体系中发挥重要的作用。
这就是说，全世界的发展与繁荣对中国利害攸关。中国的安全也离不开国际的和平和稳定。
中国政府通过在联合国以及其他场所发挥的作用表明，中国认识到了这一点。中国公民越来越多地被要求为全球安全的利益承担风险，作出牺牲。前几天我们看到，我们的报纸上刊登了中国警察头戴蓝盔，准备奔赴海地参加联合国特派团工作的照片，这给我们留下了深刻的印象。天灾人祸不断的岛国海地，的确与中国远隔重洋。
因此，今天我来到贵校也是为了表达全世界对中国的感激之情。中国人民显然理解，正如。中国谚语所说，应该“同呼吸共命运”。我们还可以再加一句：在全球化的年代里，一个人的呼吸，足以使世界另一半球的人打喷嚏。人类的苦难没有国界，人类的团结也应同样不分国界。的确，四年前世界各国领导人在联合国总部对团结的根本价值作出了庄严承诺，并发表了《千年宣言》。
他们宣布，“必须以公平承担有关代价和负担的方式处理各种全球挑战……遭受不利影响或得益最少的人有权得到得益最多者的帮助。” 他们承诺“竭尽全力”，使世界上为数十亿的男子、妇女和儿童摆脱赤贫，并使发展权成为所有人民的现实。
他们制订了精确的标准，用以衡量到 2015 年履行承诺的成就。
人们把这些标准称作千年发展目标。千年发展目标中的第一条，就是把世界上每天收入不足一美元的人口减少一半。其他目标还有：制止并开始扭转艾滋病毒/艾滋病的蔓延：把可持续发展原则纳入各国的政策和计划，以使我们的子孙后代不会面临居住的地球因遭到人类活动破坏而无法补救、或资源无法满足人类需要的威胁。
那么，到 2015 年全世界是么能够实现这些目标？这在很大程度上取决于中国。
中国是一个人口众多、经济迅速发展的国家，中国对全球所有统计数字都有着巨大的影响。即
使非洲许多国家的问题依然如旧，但在理论上只要中国基本消除了最贫困人口，到 2015 年我们就能实现把全世界这类人口减少一半的目标。
相反，到 2015 年也许许多国家可能在防治艾滋病毒／艾滋病、或在采取可持续发展模式方面取得了巨大的进展。但是，如果中国未能采取同样的行动，那么这仍将会给整个人类带来可怕的后果。
然而，中国和世界其他国家都可以不走这样的道路。为了中国的利益，也为了全世界的利益，你们应该承担起改善本国人民生活、保护本国自然环境的重大责任。
但是，你们的责任并非仅此而已。
千年发展目标的第八项也是最后一项是全球合作促进发展。这就意味着不能抛开发展中国家不管，任其自己发展。发展中国家需要较为富裕、较为强大的国家给予帮助，这就需要消除不公平的贸易壁垒，消除补贴式竞争；需要免除债务，许多贫穷国家为了向债主偿还债务，所费开支远远超出了这些国家为满足本国人民的社会需求所作的开支：还需要更为慷慨的官方发展援助，许多富裕国家曾屡作承诺，提供这种援助。
具体说来，全球伙伴关系意味着每一个存在赤贫的国家都有权利期望获得帮助，以拟定并执行到 2015 年实现千年发展目标的国家战略。这一点对于大多数位处非洲的最贫穷的国家来说，具有至关重要的意义。如果没有这种帮助，这些国家就不能实现千年发展目标。如果能够得到这种帮助，这些国家就真正有机会实现这些目标。
这就使富裕国家担负起一个重大责任，对此，中国也责无旁贷。我知道，你们习惯将自己的国家作为一个发展中国家来看待，中国也的确是一个发展中国家，也许是世界上前所未有的发展速度最快的囚家。不过，中国发展越成功，人们也就越期待中国能够对那些仍然需要援助之手的小国、穷国表现出同舟共济的精神。
同样，随着中国在地缘政治方面地位不断提高，她在世界安全方面也应分担更大的责任。《千年宣言》体现了全球团结的精神，也表达了集体安全这一植根于《联合国宪章》的共同理想。
然而，过去两年来发生的各种事件使人们对这一共识产生了疑虑。
《宪章》第八十一条重申“联合国会员国受武力攻击时，在安全理事会采取必要办法，以维持国际和平及安全以前，行使自卫之自然权利”。而在当今时代，秘密的恐怖主义集团可能在没有任何警告的情况下发动武装攻击，这些集团也许持有大规模毁灭性武器，在这样一个时代，一些人对上述条款是否依然具有足够效力产生怀疑。
这些人辩解说，这些时候必须为了预防而使用武力，而在他们国家安全需要时，必须有权自由作出此种决定。
还有些人则认为，这种理论本身就是对国际和平与安全的严重威胁，因为这就意味着任何国家，只要自己认为合适，都有权动武，而不必考虑其他国家所关切的问题。然而，创立联合国恰恰是为了使人类免于遭受这种局面。
的确，《宪章》第一条规定，联合国的首要宗旨是“采取有效集体办法，防止且消除对和平之威胁”。
我们必须表现出联合国有能力履行这一宗旨，以使各国不必感到必须或有权利自行执法。
正是出于这一原因，我于去年请一个名人小组就如何在二十一世纪解决对和平与安全的威胁和挑战提出建议。我感到欣慰的是，一位充满智慧的中国政治家钱其琛先生同意参加该小组，再过几个星期小组的报告就可以提交了。
我希望小组的建议将有助于我们重新建立并改进我们的全球安全体系，这样，未来将没有任何一个国家会感到必须要单枪匹马地面对全球性威胁，而所有国家都会充满信心地认为其他国家将会遵守这些规则。
简言之，朋友们，要在这个新世纪里使世界变得安全，并赋予全世界所有居民以真正的机会，欣欣
向荣，充实地生活，尚有许多工作要做。需要作出许多具有胆识的决定，而且时不我待。
明年九月，世界领导人将再一次在联合国聚集一堂，审查《千年宣言》以来有哪些进展，或缺乏进展，我希望，届时将会作出一些极为重要的决定。这将是世界在应对发展与安全这一双重全球性挑战方面实现突破的绝佳机遇。不过与五年前相比，任务将更加艰巨，这次领导人不是制订目标，而是为实现这些目标商定具体的决策。
要使 191 个国家就共同的前进道路达成协议，还需要在未来的一年进行许多讨论，在一国之内和各国之间都要开展辩论。各国政府必须共同努力，并且还要达成妥协，有时甚至要对宝贵的国家目标或国家利益忍痛作出牺牲。但要做到这点，就必须使本国人民懂得利害相关所在，赢得他们的坚定支持。
中国在发展方面有出色经验，在安全方面也独具专长，因此，可以为这一至关重要的全球性突破作出主导性贡献。
因此，我今天来到北京非常高兴，能够有机会不仅同贵国政府交谈，而且来到中国著名的学府，这个发明与创新思想的摇篮，与在座各位交谈。我刚刚谈到了各种挑战，包括保卫世界和平与安全，在不同信仰或文化的人民之间发展友好关系，实现千年发展目标等等，为应对这些全球性挑战，为实现发展，你们这些有教育的青年可以大有作为。
在中国，你们在富裕和贫困地区之间已经建立了十分发达的互助网络，而且我知道你们许多人将在毕业之后去贫困地区服务。我希望你们中的一些人也会考虑到世界的其他地方去服务，在那里，也许更加迫切的需要你们的技艺。
我鼓励你们全体，全中国各地的你们这一代人，立志求索，为解决贫穷、疾病及环境退化等我们这个世纪所面临的各种巨大挑战，寻求途径。我曾对美国的学生，对其他许多国家的学生说过，现在也对你们说：“走出去，把世界变得更美好！”
我说的时间已经够长了。现在该轮到你们了。如果你们有问题，我将尽力回答。不过我还希望你们作出评论，这样我可以向你们学习。
谢谢大家。
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下午 13：00—17：00 B．实行不定时工作制的员工，在保证完成甲方工作任务情况下，经公司同意,可自行安排工作和休息时间。
3．1．2 打卡制度
3.1.2.1 公司实行上、下班指纹录入打卡制度。全体员工都必须自觉遵守工作时间，实行不定时工作制的员工不必打卡。
3.1.2.2 打卡次数：一日两次，即早上上班打卡一次，下午下班打卡一次。
3.1.2.3 打卡时间：打卡时间为上班到岗时间和下班离岗时间；
3.1.2.4 因公外出不能打卡：因公外出不能打卡应填写《外勤登记表》,注明外出日期、事由、外勤起止时间。因公外出需事先申请，如因特殊情况不能事先申请，应在事毕到岗当日完成申请、审批手续，否则按旷工处理。因停电、卡钟（工卡）故障未打卡的员工，上班前、下班后要及时到部门考勤员处填写《未打卡补签申请表》，由直接主管签字证明当日的出勤状况，报部门经理、人力资源部批准后，月底由部门考勤员据此上报考勤。上述情况考勤由各部门或分公司和项目文员协助人力资源部进行管理。
3.1.2.5 手工考勤制度 3.1.2.6 手工考勤制申请：由于工作性质，员工无法正常打卡（如外围人员、出差），可由各部门提出人员名单，经主管副总批准后，报人力资源部审批备案。
3.1.2.7 参与手工考勤的员工，需由其主管部门的部门考勤员(文员)或部门指定人员进行考勤管理，并于每月 26 日前向人力资源部递交考勤报表。
3.1.2.8 参与手工考勤的员工如有请假情况发生，应遵守相关请、休假制度，如实填报相关表单。
3.1.2.9 外派员工在外派工作期间的考勤,需在外派公司打卡记录;如遇中途出差,持出差证明,出差期间的考勤在出差地所在公司打卡记录;3.2 3.2 加班管理 加班管理
3.2.1 定义 加班是指员工在节假日或公司规定的休息日仍照常工作的情况。
A．现场管理人员和劳务人员的加班应严格控制，各部门应按月工时标准，合理安排工作班次。部门经理要严格审批员工排班表，保证员工有效工时达到要求。凡是达到月工时标准的，应扣减员工本人的存休或工资；对超出月工时标准的，应说明理由，报主管副总和人力资源部审批。
B．因员工月薪工资中的补贴已包括延时工作补贴，所以延时工作在4小时（不含）以下的，不再另计加班工资。因工作需要，一般员工延时工作4小时至8小时可申报加班半天，超过8小时可申报加班1天。对主管(含)以上管理人员，一般情况下延时工作不计加班，因特殊情况经总经理以上领导批准的延时工作，可按以上标准计加班。
3.2.2.2 员工加班应提前申请，事先填写《加班申请表》，因无法确定加班工时的，应在本次加班完成后 3 个工作日内补填《加班申请表》。《加班申请表》经部门经理同意，主管副总经理审核报总经理批准后有效。《加班申请表》必须事前当月内上报有效，如遇特殊情况，也必须在一周内上报至总经理批准。如未履行上述程序，视为乙方自愿加班。
3.2.2.3 员工加班，也应按规定打卡，没有打卡记录的加班，公司不予承认；有打卡记录但无公司总经理批准的加班，公司不予承认加班。
3.2.2.4 原则上，参加公司组织的各种培训、集体活动不计加班。
3.2.2.5加班工资的补偿：员工在排班休息日的加班，可以以倒休形式安排补休。原则上，员工加班以倒休形式补休的，公司将根据工作需要统一安排在春节前后补休。加班可按1：1的比例冲抵病、事假。
3.2.3 加班的申请、审批、确认流程 3.2.3.1《加班申请表》在各部门文员处领取，加班统计周期为上月 26 日至本月 25 日。
3.2.3.2员工加班也要按规定打卡，没有打卡记录的加班，公司不予承认。各部门的考勤员(文员)负责《加班申请表》的保管及加班申报。员工加班应提前申请，事先填写《加班申请表》加班前到部门考勤员(文员)处领取《加班申请表》，《加班申请表》经项目管理中心或部门经理同意，主管副总审核，总经理签字批准后有效。填写并履行完审批手续后交由部门考勤员(文员)保管。
3.2.3.3部门考勤员（文员）负责检查、复核确认考勤记录的真实有效性并在每月27日汇总交人力资源部，逾期未交的加班记录公司不予承认。
下午 13：00—17：00 度。全体员工都必须自觉遵守工作时间，实行不定时工作制的员工不必打卡。
3.1.2.2 打卡次数：一日两次，即早上上班打卡一次，下午下班打卡一次。
3.1.2.3 打卡时间：打卡时间为上班到岗时间和下班离岗时间；
3.1.2.4 因公外出不能打卡：因公外出不能打卡应填写《外勤登记表》,注明外出日期、事由、外勤起止时间。因公外出需事先申请，如因特殊情况不能事先申请，应在事毕到岗当日完成申请、审批手续，否则按旷工处理。因停电、卡钟（工卡）故障未打卡的员工，上班前、下班后要及时到部门考勤员处填写《未打卡补签申请表》，由直接主管签字证明当日的出勤状况，报部门经理、人力资源部批准后，月底由部门考勤员据此上报考勤。上述情况考勤由各部门或分公司和项目文员协助人力资源部进行管理。
3.1.2.5 手工考勤制度 3.1.2.6 手工考勤制申请：由于工作性质，员工无法正常打卡（如外围人员、出差），可由各部门提出人员名单，经主管副总批准后，报人力资源部审批备案。
3.1.2.7 参与手工考勤的员工，需由其主管部门的部门考勤员(文员)或部门指定人员进行考勤管理，并于每月 26 日前向人力资源部递交考勤报表。
3.1.2.8 参与手工考勤的员工如有请假情况发生，应遵守相关请、休假制度，如实填报相关表单。
3.1.2.9 外派员工在外派工作期间的考勤,需在外派公司打卡记录;如遇中途出差,持出差证明,出差期间的考勤在出差地所在公司打卡记录;3.2 3.2 加班管理 加班管理
3.2.1 定义 加班是指员工在节假日或公司规定的休息日仍照常工作的情况。
A．现场管理人员和劳务人员的加班应严格控制，各部门应按月工时标准，合理安排工作班次。部门经理要严格审批员工排班表，保证员工有效工时达到要求。凡是达到月工时标准的，应扣减员工本人的存休或工资；对超出月工时标准的，应说明理由，报主管副总和人力资源部审批。
B．因员工月薪工资中的补贴已包括延时工作补贴，所以延时工作在4小时（不含）以下的，不再另计加班工资。因工作需要，一般员工延时工作4小时至8小时可申报加班半天，超过8小时可申报加班1天。对主管(含)以上管理人员，一般情况下延时工作不计加班，因特殊情况经总经理以上领导批准的延时工作，可按以上标准计加班。
3.2.2.2 员工加班应提前申请，事先填写《加班申请表》，因无法确定加班工时的，应在本次加班完成后 3 个工作日内补填《加班申请表》。《加班申请表》经部门经理同意，主管副总经理审核报总经理批准后有效。《加班申请表》必须事前当月内上报有效，如遇特殊情况，也必须在一周内上报至总经理批准。如未履行上述程序，视为乙方自愿加班。
3.2.2.3 员工加班，也应按规定打卡，没有打卡记录的加班，公司不予承认；有打卡记录但无公司总经理批准的加班，公司不予承认加班。
3.2.2.4 原则上，参加公司组织的各种培训、集体活动不计加班。
3.2.2.5加班工资的补偿：员工在排班休息日的加班，可以以倒休形式安排补休。原则上，员工加班以倒休形式补休的，公司将根据工作需要统一安排在春节前后补休。加班可按1：1的比例冲抵病、事假。
3.2.3 加班的申请、审批、确认流程 3.2.3.1《加班申请表》在各部门文员处领取，加班统计周期为上月 26 日至本月 25 日。
3.2.3.2员工加班也要按规定打卡，没有打卡记录的加班，公司不予承认。各部门的考勤员(文员)负责《加班申请表》的保管及加班申报。员工加班应提前申请，事先填写《加班申请表》加班前到部门考勤员(文员)处领取《加班申请表》，《加班申请表》经项目管理中心或部门经理同意，主管副总审核，总经理签字批准后有效。填写并履行完审批手续后交由部门考勤员(文员)保管。
3.2.3.3部门考勤员（文员）负责检查、复核确认考勤记录的真实有效性并在每月27日汇总交人力资源部，逾期未交的加班记录公司不予承认。
当我被上帝造出来时，上帝问我想在人间当一个怎样的人，我不假思索的说，我要做一个伟大的世人皆知的人。于是，我降临在了人间。
我出生在一个官僚知识分子之家，父亲在朝中做官，精读诗书，母亲知书答礼，温柔体贴，父母给我去了一个好听的名字：李清照。
小时侯，受父母影响的我饱读诗书，聪明伶俐，在朝中享有“神童”的称号。小时候的我天真活泼，才思敏捷，小河畔，花丛边撒满了我的诗我的笑，无可置疑，小时侯的我快乐无虑。
“兴尽晚回舟，误入藕花深处。争渡，争渡，惊起一滩鸥鹭。”青春的我如同一只小鸟，自由自在，没有约束，少女纯净的心灵常在朝阳小，流水也被自然洗礼，纤细的手指拈一束花，轻抛入水，随波荡漾，发髻上沾着晶莹的露水，双脚任水流轻抚。身影轻飘而过，留下一阵清风。
可是晚年的我却生活在一片黑暗之中，家庭的衰败，社会的改变，消磨着我那柔弱的心。我几乎对生活绝望，每天在痛苦中消磨时光，一切都好象是灰暗的。“寻寻觅觅冷冷清清凄凄惨惨戚戚”这千古叠词句就是我当时心情的写照。
最后，香消玉殒，我在痛苦和哀怨中凄凉的死去。
在天堂里，我又见到了上帝。上帝问我过的怎么样，我摇摇头又点点头，我的一生有欢乐也有坎坷，有笑声也有泪水，有鼎盛也有衰落。我始终无法客观的评价我的一生。我原以为做一个着名的人，一生应该是被欢乐荣誉所包围，可我发现我错了。于是在下一轮回中，我选择做一个平凡的人。
我来到人间，我是一个平凡的人，我既不着名也不出众，但我拥有一切的幸福：我有温馨的家，我有可亲可爱的同学和老师，我每天平凡而快乐的活着，这就够了。
天儿蓝蓝风儿轻轻，暖和的春风带着春的气息吹进明亮的教室，我坐在教室的窗前，望着我拥有的一切，我甜甜的笑了。我拿起手中的笔，不禁想起曾经作诗的李清照，我虽然没有横溢的才华，但我还是拿起手中的笔，用最朴实的语言，写下了一时的感受：
人生并不总是完美的，每个人都会有不如意的地方。这就需要我们静下心来阅读自己的人生，体会其中无尽的快乐和与众不同。
“富不读书富不久，穷不读书终究穷。”为什么从古到今都那么看重有学识之人？那是因为有学识之人可以为社会做出更大的贡献。那时因为读书能给人带来快乐。
自从看了《丑小鸭》这篇童话之后，我变了，变得开朗起来，变得乐意同别人交往，变得自信了……因为我知道：即使现在我是只“丑小鸭”，但只要有自信，总有一天我会变成“白天鹅”的，而且会是一只世界上最美丽的“白天鹅”……
我读完了这篇美丽的童话故事，深深被丑小鸭的自信和乐观所折服，并把故事讲给了外婆听，外婆也对童话带给我们的深刻道理而惊讶不已。还吵着闹着多看几本名着。于是我给外婆又买了几本名着故事，她起先自己读，读到不认识的字我就告诉她，如果这一面生字较多，我就读给她听整个一面。渐渐的，自己的语文阅读能力也提高了不少，与此同时我也发现一个人读书的乐趣远不及两个人读的乐趣大，而两个人读书的乐趣远不及全家一起读的乐趣大。于是，我便发展“业务”带动全家一起读书……现在，每每遇到好书大家也不分男女老少都一拥而上，争先恐后“抢书”，当我说起我最小应该让我的时候，却没有人搭理我。最后还把书给撕坏了，我生气地哭了，妈妈一边安慰我一边对外婆说：“孩子小，应该让着点。”外婆却不服气的说：“我这一把年纪的了，怎么没人让我呀？”大家人你一言我一语，谁也不肯相让……读书让我明白了善恶美丑、悲欢离合，读一本好书，犹如同智者谈心、谈理想，教你辨别善恶，教你弘扬正义。读一本好书，如品一杯香茶，余香缭绕。读一本好书，能使人心灵得到净化。书是我的老师，把知识传递给了我；书是我的伙伴，跟我诉说心里话；书是一把钥匙，给我敞开了知识的大门；书更是一艘不会沉的船，引领我航行在人生的长河中。其实读书的真真乐趣也就在于此处，不是一个人闷头苦读书；也不是读到好处不与他人分享，独自品位；更不是一个人如痴如醉地沉浸在书的海洋中不能自拔。而是懂得与朋友，家人一起分享其中的乐趣。这才是读书真正之乐趣呢！这所有的一切，不正是我从书中受到的教益吗？ 我阅读，故我美丽；我思考，故我存在。我从内心深处真切地感到：我从读书中受到了教益。当看见有些同学宁可买玩具亦不肯买书时，我便想到培根所说的话：“世界上最庸俗的人是不读书的人，最吝啬的人是不买书的人，最可怜的人是与书无缘的人。”许许多多的作家、伟人都十分喜欢看书，例如毛泽东主席，他半边床上都是书，一读起书来便进入忘我的境界。
书是我生活中的好朋友，是我人生道路上的航标，读书，读好书，是我无怨无悔的追求。
一个人的谈吐有没有“味道”，完全要看他的读书方法。如果读者获得书中的“味”，他便会在谈吐中把这种风味表现出来；如果他的谈吐中有风味，他在写作中也免不了会表现出风味来。
所以，我认为风味或嗜好是阅读一切书籍的关键。这种嗜好跟对食物的嗜好一样，必然是有选择性的，属于个人的。吃一个人所喜欢吃的东西终究是最合卫生的吃法，因为他知道吃这些东西在消化方面一定很顺利。
读书跟吃东西一样，“此人吃来是蜜糖，他人吃来是砒霜”。教师不能以其所好强迫学生去读，父母也不能希望子女的嗜好和他们一样。如果读者对他所读的东西感不到趣味，那么所有的时间全都浪费了。
所以，永远记得，这世间上没有什么一个人必读的书，只有在某时某地，某种环境，和生命中的某个时期必读的书。读书和婚姻一样，是命运注定的或阴阳注定的。
纵使某一本书，如《圣经》之类，是人人必读的，读这种书也一定应当在合适的时候。当一个人的思想和经验还没有达到阅读一本杰作的程度时，那本杰作只会留下不好的滋味。
孔子曰：“五十以学《易》。”便是说，四十五岁时候尚不可读《易经》。孔子在《论语》中的训言的冲淡温和的味道，以及他的成熟的智慧，非到读者自己成熟的时候是不能欣赏的。
四十学《易》是一种味道，到五十岁，看过更多的人世变故的时候再去学《易》，又是一种味道。所以，一切好书重读起来都可以获得益处和新乐趣。
多读书，可以让你觉得有许多的写作灵感。可以让你在写作文的方法上用的更好。在写作的时候，我们往往可以运用一些书中的好词好句和生活哲理。让别人觉得你更富有文采，美感。
多读书，可以让你全身都有礼节。俗话说：“第一印象最重要。”从你留给别人的第一印象中，就可以让别人看出你是什么样的人。所以多读书可以让人感
觉你知书答礼，颇有风度。
多读书，可以让你多增加一些课外知识。培根先生说过：“知识就是力量。”不错，多读书，增长了课外知识，可以让你感到浑身充满了一股力量。这种力量可以激励着你不断地前进，不断地成长。从书中，你往往可以发现自己身上的不足之处，使你不断地改正错误，摆正自己前进的方向。所以，书也是我们的良师益友。
多读书，可以让你变聪明，变得有智慧去战胜对手。书让你变得更聪明，你就可以勇敢地面对困难。让你用自己的方法来解决这个问题。这样，你又向你自己的人生道路上迈出了一步。
多读书，也能使你的心情便得快乐。读书也是一种休闲，一种娱乐的方式。读书可以调节身体的血管流动，使你身心健康。所以在书的海洋里遨游也是一种无限快乐的事情。用读书来为自己放松心情也是一种十分明智的。
读书能陶冶人的情操，给人知识和智慧。所以，我们应该多读书，为我们以后的人生道路打下好的、扎实的基础！
“书籍是全世界的营养品, 生活里没有书籍, 就好象没有阳光;智慧里没有书籍, 就好象鸟儿没有翅膀。”（[英] 莎士比亚）。“一本新书象一艘船, 带领着我们从狭隘的地方, 驶向生活的无限广阔的海洋。”（[瑞士] 凯勒）。“不读书就没有真正的学问,没有也不可能有欣赏能力、文采和广博的见识。……不读书的人就不是一个完人。”（[俄] 赫尔岑）。多读书, 可以开阔视野, 增长见识, 启迪智
慧, 可以使自己在工作中有所创造, 有所成就;多读书, 可以丰富自己的知识宝库, 进一步懂得生活, 可以提高自己的文采和对艺术的欣赏能力, 可以变“下里巴人”为“阳春白雪”, 从而使自己的生活更加丰富多采, 充满情趣。
“书是随时在近旁的顾问, 随时都可以供给你所需要的知识, 而且可以按照你的心意, 重复这顾问的次数。”（凯勃司）。知识就是力量, 科学技术就是生产力。要想建设一个具有高度精神文明的社会主义强国, 没有一定的科学技术水平是不行的;科学技术仅为少数人所掌握, 也是不行的, 尤其是在科学技术高度发达的今天, 更是如此。而要想让所有的人都上学学习, 是不可能的。那么, 就只有在工作中学习,利用一切可以利用的时间和条件自学。在自学过程中, 不可能人人都能得到指导老师, 那么, 最好的老师就是书籍。
“书籍蜿蜒伸入我们的心灵, 诗人的诗句在我们的血流里舒缓地滑行。我们年轻时诵读它们, 年老时仍然铭记它们。我们读到他人的遭遇, 却感到身历其境。书籍到处可得, 而且价廉物美。我们就象呼吸空气中的氧一样吸收书中的营养。”([英] 哈慈利特)。读书有这样多的好处, 而书籍又可随时随地买到, 并且花钱不多;时间, 工作之余也是足够的;精力, 20 岁左右的小伙子和姑娘们是充沛的。这种年龄, 记忆力旺盛, 分析判断能力也已达到一定程度, 且无家室之累, 正是集中精力学习知识的黄金时代, 千万不要白白地浪费掉。中国有句古话: “少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲”。待到自己在曲折的人生中悟出应该多学本事的道理, 想学的时候, 由于年龄的增长, 记忆力衰退, 由于家庭的重负, 精力集中不起来, 那时想学也学不好了。与其那时悔恨终生, 倒不如现在就努力学习。
“学海无涯勤是岸, 云程有路志是梯”, “勤奋能点燃智慧的火苗, 懒惰是埋葬天才的坟墓”。“业精于勤, 荒于嬉;...
第二篇：安南清华大学演讲(中英对照)
鼓舞梦想的声音：安南在清华大学的演讲（双语）
[大] [中] [小]发布人：圣才学习网发布日期：2012-01-16 15:24共30人浏览
The eighth and last Millennium Development Goal is a global partnership for development． This means that developing countries must not be left to develop on their own． They need the help of the richer and more powerful countries through the removal of unfair trade barriers and subsidised competition； through the elimination of the debts which oblige so many poor countries to spend more on repaying and servicing their creditors than they can on the social needs of their own people； and through more generous official development aid which the rich countries have repeatedly promised to provide．
In practical terms，global partnership means that every country where there is extreme poverty is entitled to expect help in forging and pursuing a national strategy to achieve the MDGs by 2015． For the poorest countries，most of which are in Africa，this will be of decisive importance． Without it，they will not reach the Goals． With it，they are in with a real chance．That places a big responsibility on the rich countries and it is one that China shares． I know you are used to thinking of your country as a developing one，and so it is probably the fastest developing country the world has ever seen． But the more successfully it develops，the more it too will be expected to show solidarity with smaller and poorer countries that still need a helping hand．
By the same token，as China’s geopolitical weight grows，so does its share of responsibility for world security．
As well as global solidarity，the Millennium Declaration expressed a shared vision of collective security，rooted in the United Nations Charter．
Yet the events of the past two years have called that consensus in question．
Some have doubted whether Article 51 of the Charter，which reaffirms the inherent right of self－defence if an armed attack occurs against a Member of the United Nations，until the Security Council has taken measures necessary to maintain international peace and security，is still sufficient in an age when an armed attack may come without warning，from a clandestine terrorist group，perhaps armed with weapons of mass destruction．
They have argued that force must sometimes be used preventively，and that they must be free to decide when their national security requires it．
Others have replied that that doctrine is in itself a grave threat to international peace and security since it might imply that any state has the right to use force whenever it sees fit，without regard to other states’ concerns． And that is precisely the state of affairs which the United Nations was created to save humanity from．
Indeed，the first purpose of the United Nations，laid down in Article 1 of the Charter，is to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace．
We must show that the United Nations is capable of fulfilling that purpose，so that States do not feel obliged or entitled to take the law into their own hands．
that is why，last year，I asked a small panel of distinguished men and women to make recommendations on ways of dealing with threats and challenges to peace and security in the twenty－first century． I am delighted that a very wise Chinese statesman，Mr． Qian Qichen，agreed to join that panel，whose report should be ready in a few weeks’ time．
In short，my friends，there is much to be done to make the world safe in this new century，and to give all its inhabitants a real chance of living prosperous and fulfilling lives． Many bold
decisions need to be taken，and taken soon．
I hope that some of the most important may be taken in September next year，when world leaders will again assemble at the United Nations to review the progress made，or not made，since the Millennium Declaration． This will be the world’s best chance for a breakthrough to address the joint global challenges of development and security． Yet the task will be much tougher than five years ag instead of setting goals，this time leaders must agree on concrete decisions to achieve them．
For 191 nations to agree on a common path forward，many debates will be needed over the coming year，both within countries and among them． Governments will have to work together and reach compromises，sometimes involving the sacrifice of cherished national goals or interests． And they can do so only if their peoples understand what is at stake，and firmly support it．
China，with its remarkable experience in development and expertise in security，can make a leading contribution to this vital global breakthrough．
That is why I am so glad to be in Beijing today，and to have the chance to speak not only to your government but also to you here，in one of China’s great centres of innovation and creative thought． You young educated people have so much to contribute to development，and to meeting the global challenges that I have spoken about safeguarding world peace and security，developing friendly relations among peoples of different faith or culture，and achieving the Millennium Development Goals．
You already have a well－developed network of solidarity between richer and poorer regions within China，and I know many of you will be serving in poor areas，after you graduate． I hope some of you will think also about serving in other parts of the world，where your skills may be even more desperately needed．
I urge you all and your contemporaries throughout China to commit yourselves to finding answers to our century’s great challenges of poverty，disease，and environmental degradation． I say to you，as I have said to students in the United States，and many other countries，go out and make the world better！
But I have spoken long enough． Now it’s your turn． If you have questions，I will try to answer them． But I hope you may also have comments，so that I can learn from you．Thank you very much．
千年发展目标的第八项也是最后一项是全球合作促进发展。这就意味着不能抛开发展中国家不管，任其自己发展。发展中国家需要较为富裕、较为强大的国家给予帮助，这就需要消除不公平的贸易壁垒，消除补贴式竞争；需要免除债务，许多贫穷国家为了向债主偿还债务，所费开支远远超出了这些国家为满足本国人民的社会需求所作的开支：还需要更为慷慨的官方发展援助，许多富裕国家曾屡作承诺，提供这种援助。
具体说来，全球伙伴关系意味着每一个存在赤贫的国家都有权利期望获得帮助，以拟定并执行到2015年实现千年发展目标的国家战略。这一点对于大多数位处非洲的最贫穷的国家来说，具有至关重要的意义。如果没有这种帮助，这些国家就不能实现千年发展目标。如果能够得到这种帮助，这些国家就真正有机会实现这些目标。
这就使富裕国家担负起一个重大责任，对此，中国也责无旁贷。我知道，你们习惯将自己的国家作为一个发展中国家来看待，中国也的确是一个发展中国家，也许是世界上前所未有的发展速度最快的囚家。不过，中国发展越成功，人们也就越期待中国能够对那些仍然需要援助之手的小国、穷国表现出同舟共济的精神。
同样，随着中国在地缘政治方面地位不断提高，她在世界安全方面也应分担更大的责任。《千年宣言》体现了全球团结的精神，也表达了集体安全这一植根于《联合国宪章》的共同理想。
然而，过去两年来发生的各种事件使人们对这一共识产生了疑虑。
《宪章》第八十一条重申“联合国会员国受武力攻击时，在安全理事会采取必要办法，以维持国际和平及安全以前，行使自卫之自然权利”。而在当今时代，秘密的恐怖主义集团可能在没有任何警告的情况下发动武装攻击，这些集团也许持有大规模毁灭性武器，在这样一个时代，一些人对上述条款是否依然具有足够效力产生怀疑。
这些人辩解说，这些时候必须为了预防而使用武力，而在他们国家安全需要时，必须有权自由作出此种决定。
还有些人则认为，这种理论本身就是对国际和平与安全的严重威胁，因为这就意味着任何国家，只要自己认为合适，都有权动武，而不必考虑其他国家所关切的问题。然而，创立联合国恰恰是为了使人类免于遭受这种局面。的确，《宪章》第一条规定，联合国的首要宗旨是“采取有效集体办法，防止且消除对和平之威胁”。
我们必须表现出联合国有能力履行这一宗旨，以使各国不必感到必须或有权利自行执法。
正是出于这一原因，我于去年请一个名人小组就如何在二十一世纪解决对和平与安全的威胁和挑战提出建议。我感到欣慰的是，一位充满智慧的中国政治家钱其琛先生同意参加该小组，再过几个星期小组的报告就可以提交了。
我希望小组的建议将有助于我们重新建立并改进我们的全球安全体系，这样，未来将没有任何一个国家会感到必须要单枪匹马地面对全球性威胁，而所有国家都会充满信心地认为其他国家将会遵守这些规则。
简言之，朋友们，要在这个新世纪里使世界变得安全，并赋予全世界所有居民以真正的机会，欣欣向荣，充实地生活，尚有许多工作要做。需要作出许多具有胆识的决定，而且时不我待。
明年九月，世界领导人将再一次在联合国聚集一堂，审查《千年宣言》以来有哪些进展，或缺乏进展，我希望，届时将会作出一些极为重要的决定。这将是世界在应对发展与安全这一双重全球性挑战方面实现突破的绝佳机遇。不过与五年前相比，任务将更加艰巨，这次领导人不是制订目标，而是为实现这些目标商定具体的决策。
要使191个国家就共同的前进道路达成协议，还需要在未来的一年进行许多讨论，在一国之内和各国之间都要开展辩论。各国政府必须共同努力，并且还要达成妥协，有时甚至要对宝贵的国家目标或国家利益忍痛作出牺牲。但要做到这点，就必须使本国人民懂得利害相关所在，赢得他们的坚定支持。
中国在发展方面有出色经验，在安全方面也独具专长，因此，可以为这一至关重要的全球性突破作出主导性贡献。
因此，我今天来到北京非常高兴，能够有机会不仅同贵国政府交谈，而且来到中国著名的学府，这个发明与创新思想的摇篮，与在座各位交谈。我刚刚谈到了各种挑战，包括保卫世界和平与安全，在不同信仰或文化的人民之间发展友好关系，实现千年发展目标等等，为应对这些全球性挑战，为实现发展，你们这些有教育的青年可以大有作为。
在中国，你们在富裕和贫困地区之间已经建立了十分发达的互助网络，而且我知道你们许多人将在毕业之后去贫困地区服务。我希望你们中的一些人也会考虑到世界的其他地方去服务，在那里，也许更加迫切的需要你们的技艺。
我鼓励你们全体，全中国各地的你们这一代人，立志求索，为解决贫穷、疾病及环境退
化等我们这个世纪所面临的各种巨大挑战，寻求途径。我曾对美国的学生，对其他许多国家的学生说过，现在也对你们说：“走出去，把世界变得更美好！”
我说的时间已经够长了。现在该轮到你们了。如果你们有问题，我将尽力回答。不过我还希望你们作出评论，这样我可以向你们学习。
第三篇：联合国秘书长安南2004年在清华大学的演讲
联合国秘书长安南2004年在清华大学的演讲
2004年10月11日下午，联合国秘书长科菲-安南(Kofi A.Annan)先生携夫人到清华大学访问并发表演讲。以下是演讲全文: Secretary-General's speech at Tsinghua University
Secretary-General Kofi Annan 11 October 2004, Tsinghua University 联合国秘书长安南在清华大学的演讲
2004年10月11日 清华大学
Thank you, President Gu, for that most flattering introduction.顾校长，感谢你充满溢美之词的介绍。
Ladies and Gentlemen，女士们、先生们：
It is a great honour for me to speak at one of China's great academic institutions – one that is helping to revive and maintain your country's historic tradition of leading the world in science and technology, and one whose alumni are to be found in positions of leadership throughout the country.清华大学是中国最具声望的学府之一，来到这里演讲使我感到十分荣幸。中国具有领先世界科技的历史传统，贵校正在努力恢复和保持这一传统，贵校的毕 业生遍布全国各地的领导岗位。
Here, as in so many other places in China, no visitor can help feeling the excitement of a great country developing at breakneck speed, and every day opening up new vistas of knowledge and opportunity to its citizens.You can be really proud of your country and what it has achieved in the last 25 years.和在中国其他许多地方一样，凡是来到清华大学参观的人，都不能不对伟大中国突飞猛进的发展，每天给人民带来的新的知识和机会而感到兴奋。各位，你们尽可对自己的国家和国家25年来的成就感到骄傲。
As I look out over the young faces in this audience I cannot help envying the international students – more than a thousand, I am told, from over 50 countriesare coming to play a vital part in the international monetary system.就商品和资金的进出口而言，中国经济对与其他国家交流的依赖程度越来越大。外国投资对于中国经济的增长发挥着根本的作用，而中国的外汇储备以及贵国对本国货币的管理，将在国际货币体系中发挥重要的作用。
This means that you have a stake in the development and prosperity of the wider world.And your security, too, depends on international peace and stability.这就是说，全世界的发展与繁荣对中国利害攸关。中国的安全也离不开国际的和平和稳定。
Your government shows that it understands this, by the role that it plays in the United Nations, and elsewhere.And increasingly, Chinese citizens are called on to take risks, and make sacrifices, in the interests of global security.It was impressive to see, in our newspapers the other day, pictures of Chinese policemen in blue helmets preparing to join the United Nations mission in Haitiand your contemporaries throughout China-to commit yourselves to finding answers to our century's great challenges of poverty, disease, and environmental degradation.I say to you, as I have said to students in the United States, and many other countries, “go out and make the world better!”
我鼓励你们全体，全中国各地的你们这一代人，立志求索，为解决贫穷、疾病及环境退化等我们这个世纪所面临的各种巨大挑战，寻求途径。我曾对美国的学生，对其他许多国家的学生说过，现在也对你们说：“走出去，把世界变得更美好！”
But I have spoken long enough.Now it's your turn.If you have questions, I will try to answer them.But I hope you may also have comments, so that I can learn from you.我说的时间已经够长了。现在该轮到你们了。如果你们有问题，我将尽力回答。不过我还希望你们作出评论，这样我可以向你们学习。
Thank you very much.谢谢大家。
第四篇：施瓦辛格在清华大学的演讲中英文对照
为梦想执着
——美国加州前州长阿诺德·施瓦辛格在清华大学的演讲 It is wonderful to be here at this university.What a special place.I just looked around a little bit here, it’s a gorgeous, gorgeous place.I want to congratulate you for going to this magnificent university here.Now, the last time I was here in China was five years ago, and then I was promoting my movies.They had a movie festival here, the Arnold Schwarzenegger Movie Festival.I remember they showed all my movies for a week—which was a rarity, may I remind you—and they also showed the movies on television.But we also were here to promote Special Olympics, which is an organization that helps people with mental disabilities, so I was here for both reasons.But this time I’m here as the governor of the great state of California.I’m here representing the people of California, and we’re here on a trade mission to see how we can do more business with China and to help each other, because both California is a very fast growing state, and China is a very fast growing country, and there are a lot of things that we can do for one another.But I didn’t want to miss the opportunity to come here today and to talk with the young people;as a matter of fact, to the brightest young people of China.And this is why it is so great to be here at the Tsinghua University, and I’m honored that I was invited here.Now, I read a little bit about the history of Tsinghua, and I learned that actually this school originally prepared students to attend universities in America.Now, I also know that since the attack on our World Trade Centers it has become more and more difficult to go to the universities in America because you need to fill out all kinds of paperwork now and you have to get visas, and it’s very complicated, and you have to wait a much longer period of time to go over there.But let me tell you, things are improving already.I’ve heard that it’s easing up, the restrictions, and it’s easier to get a visa.My young Chinese friends, I want to tell you that in case no one from America has ever invited you, let me do this right now personally.I want to warmly invite all of you here to come to the United States, and especially to come to California, because that’s the happening place.California is the best place.Please come and visit us, we will welcome you.I invite you all to come there and to travel, to meet the American people, and to come there and study in our universities, and some day hopefully you will come and do business over there, or maybe you’ll want to move over there.Whatever your goal is, you’re always welcome.America, after all, let’s not forget, is the land of opportunity.And it’s not only the land of opportunity for Austrians like me, but for Chinese people as well.Remember that.I know that beginning with this century, China is also becoming a land of opportunity.It’s a fast growing place, and as the students of this great university and the citizens of a rising China, I think that you have a great future also here in this country.And today I want to talk to you a little bit about the dreams, about the dreams of your future, and dreams for this country.I want to talk to you a little bit about dreams, because it seems to me that I’m somewhat of an expert in dreams, because I had a lot of my dreams become a reality.So let me just briefly tell you my story, and tell you a little bit about how I started with my career.I think that this story kind of relates a little bit also to you, and also to China.I started way back as a weightlifter.I always liked the idea of lifting weights and being a bodybuilder.From the first moment when I gripped a barbell and held it around the bar and lifted the steel up over my head, I felt this exhilaration, and I knew then that this is something that I’m going to do;that I was in love with that, and this is going to be something that I’m going to do.I’m going to pursue the sport of weightlifting and bodybuilding.Now, I remember the first real workout that I had.Eight miles away from my home village in Austria there was a gymnasium, and I rode to that gymnasium with a bicycle.And there I trained for half an hour, because they said that after half an hour you should stop because otherwise your body will get really sore.But after half an hour I looked at my body, and nothing had happened.So I said, “I’d better work out for another half hour.” So I lifted some more.My strength didn’t improve, I didn’t see the muscles pop out or anything like that, so I trained for another half an hour.And then after another half hour I trained another half hour, and all together I trained two and a half hours.Well, let me tell you something.After two and a half hours—even though they told me that I shouldn’t train that much or I would get really sore—I left the gymnasium, I rode my bicycle home.And after the first mile I got numb, and I couldn’t feel anymore the handle of the bicycle, and I fell off the bike and I fell into the ditch on the side of the road.So I got up again and I tried it again.Another few yards, I fell off the bicycle again.And I tried it three, four more times, and I just couldn’t ride my bicycle because my body was so numb and my legs felt like noodles.Well, let me tell you something.The next morning when I got up, my body was so sore that I couldn’t even lift my arms to comb my hair.I had to have my mother comb my hair, and you know how embarrassing that is.But you know something? I learned a very important lesson, that pain means progress.Pain is progress.Each time my muscles were sore from a workout I knew that they were growing and they were getting stronger.I think there is a real life lesson in that.After two or three years of discipline and determination and working out hard, I actually changed my body, and I changed my strength.And that told me something;that if I could change my body that much, and if I could change the strength of my body that much, then I could also change anything else.I could change my habits, I could change my intelligence, I could change my attitude, my mind, my future, my life.And this is exactly what I have done.I think that that lesson applies to people, and it also applies to countries.You can change, China can change, everyone in the world can change.My parents, of course, I have to tell you, didn’t understand my dreams at all.They were always wondering, they said, “What is he doing? When are you going to get a job, a real job? When are you going to make money?” And all of those questions I got.And they said, “I hope we didn’t raise a bum, someone that doesn’t make money and just wants to live in a gymnasium and think about their bodies.” Well, I endured all of this negative thinking, and the more negative the thinking got, and the more negative the questions got, the stronger and the more positive I became, the stronger I became inside.So of course some of your families maybe think the same way, and this is why I’m mentioning that.Some of your families maybe don’t believe in your dreams.But let me tell you something, my young friends.Keep your dreams.No matter what, keep your dreams.Don’t give up on them, even when you are temporarily defeated or denied.Keep your dreams.I remember the first time I went to the United States and I was competing in a competition, the World Championships in Bodybuilding.I lost.I came in second, and I was devastated.I was crushed.I felt like a loser, a major loser, let me tell you.I cried, as a matter of fact, because I felt like I disappointed my friends and I disappointed myself.But the next day I got my act together, I shifted gears, and I said, “I’m going to learn from that lesson.I’m going to stay here in America.I’m not going to go back to Europe.I’m going to stay in America and I’m going to train with the American champions, I’m going to train the American way.I’m going to eat the American food, I’m going to train with the American machines and the principles.And a year later, in America, I became the World Champion in Bodybuilding.So I think this is a very, very important lesson.And from then on, I continued.My career took off, and everything that I wanted to do I accomplished.First it was to become a champion in bodybuilding.Later on I became a movie star, to do all the great movies, the Conan movies and the Terminator movies and all this.Then I became the governor of the great state of California, of the sixth largest economy in the world.All of this happened because of my dreams, even though other people told me that those dreams were bogus and they were crazy, but I held onto my dreams.And people would always say, no matter what, even in bodybuilding they said I would never make it.And later on in the movies, in Hollywood they said I would not make it.They said, ”You will never make it.You have a German accent.No one in Hollywood has ever made it with a German accent.Yeah, maybe you can play some Nazi roles or something like that, but you cannot become a leading star with an accent.Plus your body, you’re overdeveloped, you have all these muscles.They did Hercules movies 20 years ago, that’s outdated.Now it’s Woody Allen.Woody Allen is in, his body is in.“ And those were the messages.”And Al Pacino, the skinny guy, he is in.But not your body, it’s too big.And your name, Schwarzenegger, it will never fit on a movie poster.Forget it.Forget it, you will never make it.Go back to bodybuilding.“
Well, the rest is history.After Terminator 3, I became the highest paid movie star in Hollywood.And let me tell you something, it continued on.Even when I ran for governor people said, ”Arnold, you will never make it.You will never become governor of California.What do you know about government?“ Well, the fact is, I knew exactly as much about government as the rest of the people knew in California, which is that government is out of touch, and it’s out of sync with the people, and it needed a shakeup.So I didn’t listen to all those people that said I would never make it.I continued campaigning, I listened to my dreams, and the rest also is history.I became governor.So always it just carried me on, those dreams.So bodybuilding gave me the confidence, movies gave me the money, and pubic service and being a governor gave me a purpose larger than myself.And that is the brief story of my dreams and a brief story of my early life, and how my dreams made me successful.A person, of course, should not be stingy with their dreams.So I, of course, don’t just think and dream about myself, but I also have dreams for you, and dreams for China.So let me just talk a little bit about that.China’s economy has become an engine of human progress, lifting millions of people out of poverty.This is a moral and economic good for China and for the rest of the world.I often read that China’s economy is likely to become the largest in the world over the next 50 years, and I think this is terrific.This does not mean, of course, that America will get poorer;it just means that China will get richer, and the United States will benefit from China’s progress as much as the U.S.benefited from the rise of Western Europe after World War II.Some in my country fear that China’s research and development will overtake America’s, but I believe that America and the world will benefit from China’s scientific and technological advances.I think we will benefit from that.If China makes advances in stem cell research, the rest of the world will benefit from that.If China discovers an energy breakthrough, this is good for the rest of the world, such as the benefit of a free market.Some fear that China will buy up American companies, but that fear also existed in the ‘80s, when America feared that Japan was going to buy up American companies.So what? It was just good, and to the benefit of America.We should welcome China’s investment in American companies, just as we welcome the billions of dollars that China has invested in U.S.treasury bonds.This shows that China has faith in America, and American investment in China shows that we have faith in you.So I believe that China and U.S.economic relations will become even closer in the years ahead.Certainly I realize that we do not agree on everything, but who does? Certainly I realize that China has major hurdles to overcome, but it is not for me to say how China should overcome those hurdles and achieve its dreams.But I can tell you, however, what has given America such energy and strength over the last 200 years, and perhaps there are some insights in this for China.America is a nation that believes in the power of the individual, and what the individual can accomplish, no matter the color, no matter the religion, no matter the ethnic background of the individual.Recently, as you probably have read, Rosa Parks, a former seamstress married to a barber, married to a hairdresser, died, and she lay in honor in the Rotunda of the U.S.Capitol in Washington.People from around America came to say farewell to her and to thank her for changing our history and for changing our society.Now, what did this 92 year-old black woman do that deserved such great honor? What did she do? Well, in 1955, the days of racial segregation, she had refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white man.She had refused.Her simple refusal to move to the back of the bus put into motion events that led to my country’s great civil rights movement.The small protest of a woman that maybe weighed less than 100 lbs.brought down a racist system.As you can see, the individual can make a difference.Let me tell you about another individual, Ken Behring, a millionaire California businessman who found his passion in giving wheelchairs to poor and physically disabled people all around the globe, including China.He says that he has met people who have spent years in rooms with no window, just lying there and staring up at the ceiling, never seeing the outside world unless someone was willing to pick up that person and take them outside to show them the world.He says that it’s no wonder so many of those physically disabled people dream about being a bird.Mr.Behring says that most of us think that a wheelchair would be a confinement, but to millions of people it is not a confinement, it is freedom, freedom to move and to go to school, freedom to vote, freedom to get a job, and freedom for hope for the future.He has given freedom and wheelchairs to 400,000 people around the world.The individual can make a difference.My mother-in-law, Eunice Kennedy Shriver—I always like to mention her, because it gets me on the good side of her—she, for instance, started an organization called Special Olympics.She stared Special Olympics which is for people with mental disabilities.And of course when she started that organization she was told by the experts, ”Don’t do it.You cannot take people with mental disabilities out of mental institutions and have them participate in sports events.They will drown in the swimming pools.They will kill each other out there, they will hurt each other.Don’t do it.“ But Eunice Kennedy Shriver had a dream and a passion, and today millions of people compete in Special Olympics around the world, including right here in China.This is why I was here five years ago.Five years ago you had 50,000 participants in the Special Olympics.Today, five years later, you have 500,000 participants in Special Olympics.500,000 people are getting a chance to participate in sports programs, getting a chance to have health care, have a chance to be treated equally, with respect and with tolerance.So Eunice Kennedy Shriver exemplifies that the individual can make a difference.And I think what I’m trying to say to you is that each and every one of you can make a difference.So as you study and as you become smarter, and as you become richer, think about that, that there are millions of people that need your help.Now, you maybe ask yourself the question, what can I do? Well, let me tell you.Even though you maybe have no money or anything, you can go out and help a child that has not yet learned yet how to read.You maybe can go out and help a person that is physically handicapped, to lift them up and to take them outside so they can see the world.There are so many different things that you can do.You maybe can take a person that is mentally disabled, to take them to a soccer game.There are all kinds of things that the individual can do to reach out and to help.Imagine what could be accomplished if the dreams of China’s 1.3 billion individuals could be unleashed.Imagine what could happen.Each of you here has the power of the individual within you, you have the power of your dreams within you, and these are tremendous powers.You’re young, you’re educated, and you are the very best China has to offer.My young Chinese friends, I believe in your dreams.I believe that you can achieve them, and I believe you can make a difference, a big difference.All you have to do is just make the commitment.All you have to do is create the action and commit, and say, ”Let’s do it." Go out and do it.I’m asking you.Do it for yourself, do it for China, and do it for the good of the world.Thank you very much for listening.Thank you.很高兴来到这所大学。这真是一个特别的地方。我刚才到处看了一下，这是一个很棒、很棒的地方。祝贺你们能到这么好的大学学习。
上一次我来中国是五年前，当时是来宣传我的电影。他们在这里举办了一个电影节，名叫“阿诺德·施瓦辛格电影节”。我记得他们在一周时间内放映了我所有的电影——要知道，这是很难得的——他们还通过电视台播放了这些影片。但是我们当时来这里还有另一项任务，就是宣传特殊奥林匹克运动会，它专为帮助智障人士而设立。所以上一次我来是有两个目的。
但是这一次我的身份是加利福尼亚州州长，代表加利福尼亚人民。我们来了一个贸易代表团，看看怎样才能扩大与贵国的商业合作，并且相互帮助，因为加利福尼亚是一个飞速发展的州，中国是一个飞速发展的国家，我们在很多方面都能相互合作。
但是，我不想错过今天来这里与年轻人交谈的机会。其实，你们是中国最优秀的青年。所以能来到清华大学是我的荣幸，我很荣幸能受到邀请。
我阅读了一些关于清华历史的资料，了解到其实这所学校最初是为了培养学生去美国的大学深造而设立。我还知道，自从“9·11”事件以来，去美国大学留学的难度越来越高，因为现在你们需要填写一大堆资料，要得到签证，这非常复杂，你们必须等待比以前长得多的时间才能成行。但是听我说，情况已经有所好转。我听说限制已经有所缓和，得到签证的难度降低了。我年轻的中国朋友，我想告诉你们，即便你们未曾受到任何美国人的邀请，现在我就以私人身份邀请你们。我想热情邀请你们所有人前去美国，特别是去加利福尼亚，因为那是时尚之都。加利福尼亚是最好的地方。
请前去访问，我们会欢迎你们。我邀请你们所有人去旅游，去见见美国人民，去我们的大学深造，希望有一天你们会去那里做生意，或者可能是定居。不论你是什么目标，我们都永远欢迎。毕竟，我们不要忘记，美国是充满机遇的国度。不论是对于我这样的奥地利人，还是中国人，都是如此。记住这一点。
据我所知，本世纪以来，中国也在不断孕育着机会，日新月异。你们是这所伟大的学校的学生，也是崛起的中国的公民，我相信你们在中国也会拥有美好的未来。
今天，我想与你们聊聊梦想，对于你们未来的梦想，对于这个国家梦想。我想与你们聊聊梦想，因为我似乎是一个梦想专家，我实现了自己的许多梦想。所以让我向你们讲述我的故事，讲述我如何开始我的职业生涯。我认为这个故事与你们，也与中国有些许关联。
一开始我是个举重运动员。我一直喜欢举重和健美。当我第一次抓起杠铃，稳稳握住，并高举过头顶，我就一直享受这份愉悦，我知道这就是我要做的事情；我喜爱举重，这将是我要做的事情。我要从事举重和健美运动。
我记得自己的第一次真正的训练。我老家在澳大利亚，离我们村庄八英里远的地方有一座体育馆，我骑车过去。在那里训练了半个小时，因为他们说半小时后你要停下来休息，否则身体会酸痛。但是半小时后我看着自己的身体，什么事也没有。我说：“我还是再练半小时吧。”所以我举了更多。我的力量没有增强，我没有发现肌肉隆起，或者类似的事情。于是我又练了半小时，之后又是半小时，再之后又是半小时，共计两个半小时。
两个半小时之后，我离开了体育馆，骑车回家。虽然他们告诉我不应该练那么久，否则身体会酸痛。骑了一英里之后，我感觉身体发麻，再也握不住自行车把手，摔了下来掉进路边的沟里。爬起来后我试图再骑。骑了几码之后我又摔下了车。我又试了三四次，但就是没法骑车，因为我的身体已经麻木了，我的腿像面条一样打颤。
第二天早晨起床后，我浑身酸痛，甚至没法举起手臂梳头。我不得不让我妈妈帮我梳头，你们知道那有多么尴尬。但你们知道吗？我学到了非常重要的一课，那就是痛苦意味着进步。痛苦就是进步。每一次训练之后我的肌肉都酸痛不已，但我知道那是它们在生长，变得更加强壮。
我认为这是现实生活的宝贵经验。在坚持两三年艰苦训练之后，我的形体和力量都发生了改变。我从中学到了一些东西，那就是：既然我可以改变我的形体，既然我可以改变我身体的力量，那么我也可以改变其它任何事情。我可以改变我的习惯，我可以改变我的智力，我可以改变我的态度、我的思想、我的未来和我的人生。这正是我已经做过的事情。我觉得这个经验也适用于其他人，适用于各个国家。你们可以改变，中国可以改变，世界上每一个人都可以改变。
当然，我必须告诉你们，我的父母起初完全无法理解我的梦想。他们总是困惑，他们说：“你在干什么？你打算什么时候找一份工作，一份真正的工作？你打算什么时候挣钱？”我听到的都是这样的问题。他们还说：“我希望我们没有养一个乞丐，一个不会挣钱，只想住在体育馆里成天想着自己形体的人。”好吧，我忍受了所有这些消极的想法。这些想法和问题越消极，我就变得越积极，我的内心就变得越强大。
之所以说这些是因为我觉得你们中有一部分人的家人可能会有同样的想法。他们可能不相信你们的梦想。但是让我告诉你们，我年轻的朋友们，坚持你们的梦想。无论如何，坚持你们的梦想。不要放弃，即便遭遇打击和挫折。坚持你们的梦想。
我记得我第一次去美国，去参加世界健美锦标赛，我输了。我只得了第二名，我崩溃了。我感觉像是个失败者，彻头彻尾的失败者。而且，我还哭了，因为我觉得我辜负了我的朋友们，还有我自己。但是第二天，我就重整旗鼓，对自己说：“我要吸取这个教训。我要留在美国。我不回欧洲了。我要留在美国，和那些冠军一起训练，以美国的方式训练。我要吃美国的食物，使用美国的运动器械和原理。”一年以后，在美国，我成为了世界健美冠军。所以，我觉得这是很重要的一课。
从那时起，我一步一个脚印。我的职业生涯开始腾飞，所有我想做的事都如愿以偿。先是成为了世界健美冠军，后来变成了电影明星，出演的都是伟大的影片，《蛮王柯南》系列和《终结者》系列，还有其他的。之后，我成为了加利福尼亚州的州长。这一切的发生都是因为我的梦想，即使其他人告诉我那些梦想不切实际，太过疯狂，我依然坚持不懈。
不论我做什么，即便是健身，总有人会说我不可能成功。后来拍电影，在好莱坞他们也说我不会成功。他们说：“你不可能成功的。你有德国口音，在好莱坞从来没有带德国口音的人成功过。是的，你或许能演一些纳粹之类的角色，但是因为你有口音，你不可能成为一线巨星。还有你的身体，你的肌肉过于发达了。20年前他们拍过赫拉克勒斯的电影，但是现在过时了。现在是伍迪·艾伦的时代。伍迪·艾伦很红，他的身材很红。”都是一些这样的信息。“还有阿尔·帕西诺，瘦得皮包骨头，他也很红。但是你不行，太壮硕了。别想了，你不会成功的。回去健身吧。”
好了，其他的就不提了。《终结者3》上映后，我成了好莱坞片酬最高的影星。听我说，故事还没完。即使当我竞选州长时，人们也说：“阿诺德，你不会成功的。你不会成为加利福尼亚州州长的。你对政府了解多少呢？”好吧，事实是，我对于政府的了解和其他加州人民一样，那就是政府遥不可及，高高在上，这亟待改变。所以我没有在乎那些人的话。我继续竞选，我坚持自己的梦想，其他的也不提了。我成功当选。
那些梦想一直是我前行的动力。健美给了我信心，电影给了我金钱，为人民服务和州长的工作给了我比实现自我更大的目标。以上就是我的梦想，我的早年生活，还有我的梦想如何帮助我取得成功。
当然，人不应吝啬梦想。所以我不仅有自己的梦想，也有对你们，对中国的梦想。让我慢慢道来。中国的经济已经变成了人类进步的引擎，使数百万人摆脱了贫困。对于中国和全世界而言，这是道德和经济的双重成功。我经常读到新闻，说在接下来的五十年，中国可能会成为世界最大的经济体。我认为这很好。当然，这并不意味着美国会变得贫穷；只是意味着中国会变得富裕，美国也会从中国的发展中获益，一如二战后美国从西欧的崛起中获益。
我可以告诉你们，在过去的两百年里，美国的能量和力量源泉是什么，或许中国可以从中学到一些东西。美国信奉个人能力，以及个人所能取得的成就，不论其肤色、宗教、种族背景如何。
让我向你们介绍另一个人，肯·贝林，他是一个加州的商人，身价百万。他也找到了自己的热情所在，向全世界（包括中国）的贫困残疾人赠送轮椅。他说他遇见过一些人，多年来受困于没有窗子的房间，成天躺在床上盯着天花板，从来没有见过外面的世界，除非有人愿意背起他们，带他们出去。他说难怪这么多残疾人都梦想变成一只小鸟。贝林先生说我们很多人认为轮椅是一种禁锢，但是对于数百万残疾人而言，它不是禁锢，而是自由，行动和上学的自由，投票的自由，求职的自由，展望未来的自由。他已经为全世界40万人带去了自由和轮椅。这就是个人的力量。
我的岳母，尤妮斯·肯尼迪·施莱佛——我总是喜欢提到她，因为她的善良——例如，她创办了特殊奥林匹克运动会，专为智障人士设立。当然，设立之初专家们告诉她：“不行，你不能把智障人士带出精神病院去参加体育活动。他们会在游泳池里溺水，他们会自相残杀，互相伤害。不要这样做。”但是尤妮斯·肯尼迪·施莱佛有梦想，有激情。今天全世界有几百万人在特殊奥林匹克运动会上比拼，包括中国。这就是我五年前来这里的原因。五年前，一共有50万人参加了特殊奥林匹克运动会。50万人得到了一个参加体育比赛的机会，得到了医疗保健的机会，得到了被平等对待的机会，还有尊敬和宽容。这就是个人的力量。尤妮斯·肯尼迪·施莱佛是又一个例子。
我想告诉你们的是你们每一个人都具有这种力量。所以，当你们的学识不断丰富，当你们变得更聪明，更富有，请想一想，有数百万人需要你们的帮助。现在，你们可以问自己一个问题，我能做什么？让我告诉你们。即便你们可能没有钱，甚至一无所有，你们依然可以走出去，教一个孩子学会阅读。你们可以走出去帮助残疾人，抱起他们，走到户外，让他们看看外面的世界。你们可以做太多不同的事情。你们可以带智障人士去看一场足球赛。个人可以通过做各种各样的事，来伸出援手，帮助他人。
设想一下，如果全中国13亿人民都能放飞各自的梦想，将会取得多大的成就。设想一下美妙的前景。你们每一个人都有改变的力量，都有梦想的力量，这些力量是无穷的。你们朝气蓬勃，你们学识丰富，你们是中国培养的精英。我年轻的朋友们，我相信你们的梦想。我相信你们可以梦想成真，我相信你们可以做出改变，巨大的改变。你们要做的只是为之奉献，你们要做的就是把梦想付诸行动并全心投入，对自己说：“让我们放手去做。”
谢谢大家！
第五篇：印度总理莫迪在清华大学演讲中英文
Qiu Yong, President of Tsinghua University，Foreign Minister Wang Yi，Shi Yigong, Assistant President of Tsinghua University，I am truly delighted to be at the Tsinghua University today.You are a world class institution.You are a symbol of success of China’s education sector.You are the foundation for China’s economic miracle.You have produced great leaders, including President Xi.It is not surprising that China’s economic growth and its new leadership in research, science and technology have taken place together.I particularly like the old Chinese saying, If you think in terms of a year, plant a seed;if you think in terms of ten years, plant trees;if you think in terms of 100 years, teach the people.In India, too, the ancient saying is vyaye krate vardhate eva nityam, vidhya dhanam sarva dhan pradhanam
The wealth that increases by giving, That wealth is knowledge and is supreme of all possessions.This is one example of how our two nations are united in their timeless wisdom.There is much more, though, that links our two ancient civilizations.I began my journey in China in Xian.In doing so, I retraced the footsteps of the Chinese monk Xuanzang.He travelled to India from Xian in the seventh century in search of knowledge and returned to Xian as a friend and chronicler of India.President Xi’s visit in India last September started from Ahmedabad.It is not far from Vadnagar, my birthplace, but important, because it hosted Xuanzang and many pilgrims from China.The world’s first large scale educational exchange programme took place between India and China during the Tang Dynasty.Records talk of about 80 Indian monks coming to China and nearly 150 Chinese monks returning after their education in India.And yes, this was in the 10th and 11th century.Mumbai’s rise as a port and a shipbuilding centre is because of cotton trade with China.And, those who love silk and textiles know that India’s famous tanchoi sarees owe themselves to three brothers from my state of Gujarat who learnt the art of weaving from Chinese masters in the 19th century.And, in an unquestionable evidence of our ancient trade, silk in our classical Sanskrit language is called Cinapatta.So, the centuries-old story of our relations has been of spiritualism, learning, art and trade.It is a picture of respect for each other’s civilisation and of shared prosperity.It is reflected in the human values of Dr.Dwarkanath Kotnis, a doctor from India, who treated soldiers in China during the Second World War.Today, after difficult and sometimes dark passages of history, India and China stand at a rare moment of vast and multiple transitions in the world.Perhaps, the most significant change of this era is the re-emergence of China and India.The world’s two most populous nations are undergoing economic and social transformation on a scale and at a speed that is unmatched in history.China’s success over the past three decades has changed the character of the global economy.India is now the next frontier of the economic revolution.We have the demography for it.About 800 million people in India are below the age of 35 years.Their aspirations, energy, enterprise and skills will be the force for India’s economic transformation.We now have the political mandate and the will to make it happen.Over the past year, we have moved with a clear and coherent vision.And, we have acted with speed, resolve and boldness to implement it.We have taken sweeping steps to reform our policies and open up more to foreign direct investments.This includes new areas like insurance, construction, defence and railways.We are eliminating unnecessary regulations and simplifying our procedures.We are using digital technology to eliminate multiple approvals and endless wait.We are building a tax regime that is predictable, stable and competitive, and that will integrate the Indian market.We are scaling up investments in next generation infrastructure – roads, ports, railways, airports, telecom, digital networks and clean energy.Our resources are being allocated with speed and transparency.And, we will make sure that land acquisition does not become a barrier to growth or a burden on farmers.We are creating the global skill pool to establish a modern economy with a world class manufacturing sector.We are reviving our agriculture sector to restore the fortunes of our farmers and boost our growth.Like China, urban renewal is both a necessity and a means to add energy to our economy.We are combining traditional strategies with modern economic instruments to eliminate poverty and create security for the poor.We have launched major schemes on financial inclusion of all, providing funds to the un-banked, and ensuring efficient and direct transfer of benefits to the poor.And, we are ensuring that insurance and pension schemes reach the poorest.We have set time bound goals for providing access to housing, water and sanitation for all.This won’t just transform lives, but also generate a new source of economic momentum.Above all, we are changing the way we govern ourselves – not just in the way we work in New Delhi, but also in the way we work together with state governments, districts and cities.Because we know, as you do, that our vision may be formed in Delhi, but our success will be determined by state capitals.That is why I am here today with two Chief Ministers, which is a new aspect of our foreign policy.And, for the first time for India, Premier Li and I will sit with provincial leaders and chief ministers to discuss our partnership.I know that rewriting policies can be easier than changing mindsets and work culture.But, we are on the right path.You will feel the change in India.And, you can see it in our growth rate.It has now increased to 7.5%, and we are encouraged by international experts speak in one voice of higher growth rates.In many ways, our two countries reflect the same aspirations, similar challenges and the same opportunities.We can be inspired by each other’s successes.And, in the global uncertainties of our times, we can reinforce each other’s progress.Perhaps, no other economy in the world offers such opportunities for the future as India’s.And, few partnerships are as filled with promise as ours.During President Xi’s visit last September, we set for ourselves a new level of ambition for our cooperation.Partnership in modernizing Indian railways, two Chinese industrial parks in India, commitments of 20 billion dollars in investments into India over the next five years partnership in our Make in India Mission: This is the shape of our future.Tomorrow in Shanghai, we will see the agreements on first of those partnerships between our industries.But, to maintain this partnership over the long run, we must also improve the access of Indian industry to the Chinese market.I am encouraged by President Xi’s and Premier Li’s commitment to resolve this problem.As much as our bilateral cooperation, our international partnership will be important for each other’s success.Our changing world has created new opportunities and challenges.We both face instability in our shared neighbourhood that can threaten our security and slow down our economies.The spreading tide of extremism and terrorism is a threat we both face;for both, its source is in the same region.We must also deal with the changing character of terrorism that has made it less predictable and more diffuse.We source a large part of our energy from the same region that faces instability and uncertain future.India and China conduct their international commerce on the same sea lanes.The security of sea lanes is vital for our two economies;and, our cooperation is essential to achieve it.Equally, we both seek to connect a fragmented Asia.There are projects we will pursue individually.There are few such as the Bangladesh, China India Myanmar Corridor that we are doing jointly.But, geography and history tell us that the dream of an interconnected Asia will be successful, when India and China work together.We are two countries that have gained a lot from an open, rule-based global trading system.Equally, we have most to lose if it breaks down.We both have enormous stakes in the international negotiations on climate change.Our cooperation in these forums will be crucial to shape their outcomes.Today, we speak of Asia’s resurgence.It is the result of the rise of many powers in the region at the same time.It is an Asia of great promise, but also many uncertainties.Asia’s re-emergence is leading to a multi-polar world that we both welcome.But, it is also an unpredictable and complex environment of shifting equations.We can be more certain of a peaceful and stable future for Asia if India and China cooperate closely.A resurgent Asia is seeking a bigger voice in global affairs.India and China seek a greater role in the world.It may be reforms in the United Nations Security Council or the new Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.But, Asia’s voice will be stronger and our nation’s role more influential, if India and China speak in one voice – for all of us and for each other.Simply put, the prospects of the 21st century becoming the Asian century will depend in large measure on what India and China achieve individually and what we do together.The rising fortunes of 2.5 billion pairs of joined hands will be of the greatest consequence for our region and the humanity.This is the vision that I share with President Xi and Premier Li.This is the impulse that is driving our relationship.In recent years, we have deepened our political engagement.We have kept our borders peaceful.We have managed our differences and not allowed them to impede closer cooperation.We have enhanced our cooperation across the full spectrum of our relationship.Yet, if we have to realise the extraordinary potential of our partnership, we must also address the issues that lead to hesitation and doubts, even distrust, in our relationship.First, we must try to settle the boundary question quickly.We both recognise that this is history’s legacy.Resolving it is our shared responsibility to the future.We must move ahead with new purpose and determination.The solution we choose should do more than settle the boundary question.It should do so in a manner that transforms our relationship and not cause new disruptions.We have been remarkably successful in maintaining peace and tranquility along the border.We must continue to do that on the principle of mutual and equal security.Our agreements, protocols and border mechanisms have been helpful.But, a shadow of uncertainty always hangs over the sensitive areas of the border region.It is because neither side knows where the Line of Actual Control is, in these areas.That is why I have proposed resuming the process of clarifying it.We can do this without prejudice to our position on the boundary question.We should think of creative solutions to issues that have become irritants – from visa policies to trans-border rivers.Sometimes, small steps can have a deep impact on how our people see each other.We are both increasing our engagement in our shared neighbourhood.This calls for deeper strategic communication to build mutual trust and confidence.We must ensure that our relationships with other countries do not become a source of concern for each other.And, wherever possible and feasible, we should work together, as we did in responding to the earthquake in Nepal.If the last century was the age of alliances, this is an era of inter-dependence.So, talks of alliances against one another have no foundation.In any case, we are both ancient civilizations, large and independent nations.Neither of us can be contained or become part of anyone’s plans.So, our partnership in international forums should not be determined by the concerns of others, but the interests of our two countries.China’s support for India’s permanent membership of a reformed UN Security Council, and for India’s membership of export control regimes like Nuclear Suppliers Group will do more than just strengthen our international cooperation.It will take our relationship to a new level.It will give Asia a stronger voice in the world.If we are able to deepen mutual trust and confidence, we will also be able to reinforce each other’s efforts of connecting Asia with itself and rest of the world.Our soldiers face each other on the border, but we should also deepen our defence and security cooperation to address our many common challenges.Above all, as we look ahead, we must build more bridges of familiarity and comfort between our people.About 33% of the world’s population is either Indian or Chinese.Yet, our people know very little of each other.We must seek inspiration from the pilgrims of the ancient times, who braved the unknown in search of knowledge, and enriched us both.So, we have decided to extend electronic tourist visas to Chinese nationals.We are celebrating the “Year of India” in China in 2015.We are launching the ‘Provincial and State Leaders Forum’ today.Later today, we will have the Yoga-Taichi event.It will represent the coming together of our two civilizations.We are starting the Gandhi and India Study Centre in Fudan University and a college of Yoga in Kunming.The second route to Kailash Mansarovar for Indian pilgrims will start in June, for which I want to thank President Xi.These are just some of the many steps India and China are taking to bring the world’s two largest populations in closer contact.For this reason, I chose to speak today at a university.Because it is the youth that will inherit the future of our countries and the responsibility for our relationship.President Xi has spoken eloquently about the inter-connected dreams of China and India and the new type of relationship between major countries.Not only are our dreams inter-connected, our future is also deeply inter-connected.We are at a moment, when we have the opportunity to make our choices.India and China are two proud civilizations and two great nations that will fulfill their destinies.We each have the strength and the will to choose our own paths to success.But, we have the ancient wisdom to know that our journey will be smoother and our future brighter, when we will walk together, confident of one another, and in step with each other.Thank you very much and thanks for your invitation, thanks a lot.印度总理莫迪在清华大学演讲全文
清华大学，北京
2015年5月15日
今天，我非常高兴能够来到清华大学。这是一个世界一流的高等学府，你们是中国教育界成功的标志。你们是造就中国经济奇迹的坚实基础。
中国经济迅速增长，同时，在研究、科学和技术领域也取得了领先地位，这并非偶然。
中国有句古话说得非常好：“一年之计，莫如树谷;十年之计，莫如树木;终身之计，莫如树人。”在印度也有同样的说法，“财富的增长源于给予，财富就是知 识，高于一切身外之物。”知识这种财富是随着你的给予而越来越多的，当所有人都拥有时就达到了极致。这是我们两国之间永恒智慧统一的实例。
当然，连接我们两个文明古国的事物还有很多。
我来到中国的首站是西安，这是因为我要追随中国古代僧人玄奘的足迹。公元七世纪，为了寻求知识，他从西安出发前往印度，并作为印度的友人和年代史编者返回到西安。
去年九月份，习近平主席从艾哈迈达巴德开始对印度进行访问。那里离我的出生地瓦德纳加尔并不遥远，但更重要的原因是这里曾招待过玄奘和多位中国僧人。
中印两国首次大规模的教育交流项目始于唐朝。据记载，共有大约80名印度僧人来到中国，有将近150名中国僧人在印度结束学业后返回。当然了，这些都发生在10和11世纪。
孟买崛起成为一个港口和一个造船中心，就和中国的棉花贸易分不开。喜爱丝绸和纺织品的人都知道，印度著名的沙丽服来自于古吉拉特邦的三兄弟，这三人是在 19世纪时期从中国大师那里学到了编织艺术。在古代贸易中，丝绸在经典梵语中被称为支那帕塔（Cinapatta）。
所以，我们两国间的悠久历史源自灵性、学习、艺术和贸易等方面。这是两国互相尊重彼此的文化以及共享繁荣的美好画卷。这反映在柯棣华医生所表现出的价值观上，这位来自印度的医生曾在第二次世界大战期间在中国救治士兵。
如今，经历了历史上的黑暗和困苦时期后，中印两国正处在世界发生各种变革的罕见历史时刻。也许，这个时代最显著的变化就是中印两国的复兴。这两个世界上人 口最多的国家正在经历史上前所未有的大规模和快速的经济和社会变革。?中国在过去三十年中取得的成功已经改变了全球经济的特征。印度现已成为经济革命的最 新前沿。
我们对此进行了人口统计。印度有大约8亿人口处在35岁之下。他们的雄心壮志、精力、事业心和技能将成为印度经济转型的重要力量。我们现在颁布相关政令并决意让这变成现实。
过去的一年间，我们一直怀着清晰而一致的目标前行。为了实现目标，我们也采取了迅速、坚决而果敢的行动。
我们采取彻底的政改措施，更加开放外商直接投资。这其中包括保险、建筑、防御和铁路等新领域。我们正在消除不必要的规章，简化程序，通过使用数字技术消除多重批准和无期限等待。
我们正在打造可预测、稳定且具有竞争性的税务体制，从而整合印度市场。我们正在加大对新一代基础设施的投资—公路、港口、铁路、机场、电信、数字网络 以及清洁能源等。我们通过迅速、透明的方式分配资源。我们相信，土地征用将不会成为经济增长的障碍或是农民的负担。
我们正在打造全球技术库，准备把印度建设成一个拥有世界一流的制造业的现代经济体。我们正在振兴农业，改变农民的命运，推动经济增长。
和中国一样，城市改造也是为经济增添活力的必要途径和重要渠道。我们正在将传统战略与现代经济手段结合在一起，消除贫穷，为穷苦人民建立保障。
我们已经推出了一些主要的金融包容项目，为没有存款的人提供资金，并为穷苦人民提供直接有效的福利。我们保证将保险和养老金计划延伸至覆盖最贫穷的人。
我们己经设置了限时目标，改善整体住房、用水和环境卫生条件。这不仅可以改善人民生活，同时还可催生经济动力的新源头。
首先，我们要改变执政方式—不仅是在首都新德里的政府办事方法，还包括州、区和市政府的执政方法。因为我们明白，虽然我们的政令是在新德里形成的，但 是决定成功的还是各州政府。这也是为什么我今天会和两位首席部长一起出席，这是我们外交政策的新风貌。并且，我和李克强总理将与省级领导人以及首席部长们 讨论合作事宜，这在印度史上尚属首次。我知道与改变心态和工作文化相比，重改政策会更加容易。但是我们会坚持这条正确道路的。
你能够感受到印度的变化。同样，你也可以从经济增长率中看到变化。我国经济增长率已达到7.5%，国际专家们也一致表示，我们的增长率会更高，这让我们倍受鼓舞。
在很多方面，我们两国都反映出相同的愿景，拥有相似的挑战和相同的机遇。彼此的成功能够给对方以启发。在当前国际形势不确定时期，我们可以支持彼此的发展进程。也许，没有哪个国家能像印度这样提供如此的机遇。也很少有合作伙伴能像我们这样充满诚信。
去年九月习主席访印期间，我们为自己制定了更高的合作目标。合作推进印度铁路现代化工程、在印度建设2个中国产业园区，承诺在今后五年内向印度投资200亿美元完成“印度制造”的目标：这就是我们未来的雏形。明天，我们将在上海见证首批合约的签订。
但是，为了保证这些合作能够长期进行，我们也必须加大印度产业进军中国市场的步伐。习主席和李总理承诺会解决这个问题，这让我很受鼓舞。和我们之间的双边合作一样，国际间的合作对我们两国彼此的成功也尤为重要。
我们这个瞬息万变的世界已经创造了很多新的机遇和挑战。我们都要面对来自周围邻国的不稳定因素，这些国家会威胁我们的安全，减缓我们的经济发展速度。极端 主义和恐怖主义的蔓延是我们共同面临的威胁;因为我们处在相同的区域内。我们还必须处理恐怖主义不断变化、更难预测、传播范围更广的难题。我们在这方面的 能力大都来自同样面临不稳定和不确定未来的地区。
印度和中国在相同的海上航道实施国际贸易。海上航道的安全对两国的经济至关重要;我们之间的合作对于保证安全来说十分重要。
同样，我们都力图把亚洲各国连接起来。我们各自也在进行着不同的项目。很少有像孟加拉国-中国-印度-缅甸走廊这样的机会让我们可以进行合作。但是，地理位置和历史告诉我们，当印度和中国联手合作起来时，打造互通的亚洲这个美梦才会实现。
我们两个国家都从开放、以规则为导向的全球贸易体系中获益良多。同样，如全球贸易体系被破坏，我们也会损失惨重。我们在关于气候变化的国际协商中发挥着重要作用。两国在这些论坛中的合作对于其结果非常重要。
如今，我们常说亚洲的复兴。这源自该区域内多支力量的同时崛起。亚洲的前景光明，同时也充满着许多不确定因素。亚洲的复兴将形成一个多极化的世界，这也是我们都乐于见到的。但是，这同时也是一个不可预知的复杂环境。
我们确信，如果中印两国更加紧密地合作，亚洲就会拥有和平、稳定的未来。
复兴的亚洲正在争取更多地参与国际事务。中印两国也希望在全球扮演更重要的角色。这可能是改革联合国安理会或是全新的亚洲基础设施投资银行。但是如果中印两国的意见统一，彼此互惠互利，那么亚洲的声音就会更加强大，我们的国家就会拥有更强的影响力。
简单来说，21世纪将成为亚洲的世纪，这一前景在很大程度上取决于中印两国各自的收获以及合作的事项。25亿双手合力创造的财富对于整个亚洲和人民都将是最伟大的成果。这是我与习主席和李总理的共同愿景，也是我们合作的动力。
近几年，我们已经加深了政治参与。我们维护了两国边境的和平。我们合理处理分歧，不让这些因素破坏两国间亲密的合作关系。我们已经全力提升了两国间的合 作关系。然而，如果我们要实现彼此间合作的非凡潜力，我们就必须解决可能导致两国间犹豫和怀疑甚至不信任的问题。
首先，我们必须努力迅速解决边境争端问题。我们都承认这是历史遗留问题。解决此问题是我们共同肩负的责任。我们需怀着新的目标和决心前行。我们选择的解决方案应该不仅仅能够解决边境问题。它应该能够改善我们之间的关系，并不会造成新的混乱。
一直以来，我们在维护边境和平宁静方面都取得了显著成效。我们一直坚持相互平等的安全原则。我们签订的合约、协议以及边境机制很有成效。但是，在敏感的 边境区域仍存留一些不确定阴影。这是因为双方均不知道这些地区的实际控制线。这也是我提出重新明确实际控制线的原因。我们能够在不影响边境问题姿态的情况 下处理该事宜。
我们应该提出创新型的解决办法，从签证政策到跨境河流都要涉及。有时，微小的举措也会对彼此人民的态度产生深远的影响。我们彼此都在增加对周边地区事务的参与度。这就需要更深层次的战略沟通，以增强互信。
我们必须保证彼此与他国间的关系将不会成为彼此担忧的源泉。在任何可能或可行的条件下，我们都要携手并进，就像在尼泊尔地震中所做出的回应一样。如果上世 纪是联盟的年代，那么，如今就是相互依存的年代。所以说，结盟反抗其他国家就没有意义。在任何情况下，我们都是文明古国，伟大而独立的国家。中印两国任何 一方都不会被纳入到对方的国家计划之中。所以，我们参与的国际论坛不应该成为彼此的担忧，而是两国间的互利。
中国支持印度在改革后的联合国安理会中成为永久成员，并支持印度在出口控制制度的成员权限，如核供应集团，这些将有助于更好地加强我们的国际合作。这将促使我们的合作达到新高度。
如果我们能够深化互信，我们也能够巩固彼此与亚洲甚至是世界的沟通。尽管我们两国的士们要在边境上互相面对，但是我们应该深化国防与安全的合作，以应对诸多共同的挑战。尤其是，展望未来，我们必须建造更多互通桥梁，让两国人民安心。
全球大约40%的人口是印度人或是中国人。然而两国间的人民却不甚了解彼此。我们需要从古代僧人互访中吸取灵感，敢于为了寻求知识，突破未知界限，从而互惠彼此。
因此，我们决定向中国公民开放电子游客签证。我们即将庆祝2015年中印交流年。今天，我们就将启动省级和州级领导人论坛。今天晚些时候，我们还将举办瑜 伽-太极活动。此次活动代表两国文明的相互交融。我们将在复旦大学开办甘地及印度研究中心，并在昆明成立瑜伽学院。
这些只是中印两国为促进两个世界人口大国更紧密联系所采取的部分举措。也正是出于这个原因，我今天选择在清华大学演讲。因为只有年轻人才能够继承两国的未来，承担两国合作的责任。
习主席已经生动地阐释了中印两国的互通梦，以及和主要大国间的新型合作关系。不仅我们的梦想是互通的，两国的未来也是深深的相互依存的。此刻，正是我们有机会做出选择的时候。
印度和中国是两个值得骄傲的文明大国，两国必将圆满完成既定的目标。我们都有能力并且愿意选择自己的道路获取成功。但是，古代智慧结晶告诉我们，只有我们携手共进，坚持互信，步调统一，才能使我们发展的道路更加顺利，我们的未来也会更加光明!
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