牛津上海版初一英语知识点总结

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第一篇:牛津上海版初一英语知识点总结

牛津上海版初一英语知识点总结

牛津上海版英语词组及短语

(中英对照版)1.在左上角

2.在右上角

3.下棋

4.笔友

5.和某人住在一起

6.担任……工作

7.在学校

8.在中间

9.最美好的祝愿

10.戴着眼镜的那个女孩子11.在右边

12.在左边

13.在学校的足球队里

14.一年级,二班

15.女子篮球队

16.男子接力比赛

17.在世界上

18.全世界

19.在……旁边

20.对……友好

21.热衷于……

22.擅长于……

23.语文

24.数学

25.地理

26.生物

27.历史

28.化学

UNIT1—4

at the top-left corner at the top-right corner

play chess

penfriend

live with someboby

work as at school

in the middle

best wishes

the girl in glasses

on the right

on the left

on the school football team

Class Two,Grade One

girls’ basketball team

boys’ relay race

in the world all over the world

next to / beside

be friendly to be keen on

be good at

Chinese

maths

geography

biology

history

chemistry

29.体育

P.E.30.音乐

music 31.政治

politics 32.物理

physics 33.少先队员

Young Pioneer 34.小学

pramay schol 35.初中

middle school/junior high school 36.高中

senior middle school 37.大学

university/ college 38.做运动

do exercise 39.做眼保健操

do eye exercises 40.做早操

do morning exercises 41.照相

take pictures/photos 42.喜欢做某事

like/enjoy doing sth.43.想要做……

want to do sth./ would like to do sth./ 44.注意……

pay attention to 45.写下,记录下

write down 46.从左边/右边

from the left/right 47.收到某人的来信

hear from sb.;get/receive a lettere from sb.48.锻炼身体

do sports 49.持续一段时间

last for 50.一两个小时

one hour or two/ one or tow hours 51.在街道上

in the street 52.在……的开始

at the beginning of 53.在……的结尾

at the end of 54.保安

guard 55.建筑工人

construction worker 56.牙科医生

dentist 57.会计师

accountant 58.去游泳

go swimming 59.去海边

go to the sea 60.去滑雪

go skiing 61.去滑冰

go skating 62.去购物

go shopping 63.去观光

go sightseeing 64.去远足

go hiking 65.去跑步

go running 66.去慢跑

go jogging 67.去跳舞

do dancing 68.去航行

go sailing 69.去约会

70.到达(4种表达方法)arrive in/at;reach;get to 71.花费时间(金钱)的表达方法: sb.spend…on sth./

sb.spend...(in)doing sth./ sb.pay…for stth./ sth.cost sb.some money/ it takes sb….to do sth.72.主管

be in charge of 73.照顾

look after/take care of 74.独生子女

the only child 75.开会

have a meeting 76.迟到

be late for 77.除……之外

except/ except for 78.从周一到周五

from Monday to Friday/ on weekdays 79.刷牙

brush the teeth 80.洗脸

wash face 81.追赶(某人)

go after sb./ run after sb.82.及时

in time 83.按时

on time 84.盯着、凝视

stare at 85.跑开

run away 86.下车

get off(the bus)… 87.上车

get on(the bus 88.捡起

pick up 89.思考

think about 90.匆忙

in a hurry 91.从……冲出来

strom out of/ rush out of 92.熬夜

stay up late 93.生某人的气

be angry with sb 94.在……的一边

on the side of 95.在……的另一边

on the other side of 96.等候

wait for 97.拿出

hold out/ take out 98.跌倒

fall over 99.戴着手铐

in handcuffs 100.四处走走

go/walk around 101.找出,查明

find out 102.说谎

tell a lie 103.立刻

in a flash/ at once/ right away/immediately 104.将来

in the future 105.在意、关心

care about 106.查询(生词)

look up 107.四处看

look around 108.有一个选择

have a choice 109.正在那个时候

at that moment 110.毫无疑问地

without question 111.走到跟前、走近

come over 112.改变注意

change one’s mind 113.尽可能快

as soon as possible 114.有时间玩乐

have time for fun 115.在……顶部

on the top of… 116.或……或……

either……or…… 117.既不……也不……

neither……nor…… 118.不仅仅……而且……

not oly… but also… 119.将……与……比较(将……比作)

compare with/ compare to

Unit 5---Unit6重点词组

Unit 5 1.灭绝;消失

die out 2.因……而死

die of 3.得知,获悉

learn about 4.和……一样

the same as 5.因…而著名

be famous for 6.同时

at the same time 7.以……为基础

be based on 8.充满……

be full of 9.根据

according to 10.依(某人)之见

in one’s opinion 11.因为;由于

because of 12.超过

more than/ over 13.同类的 of this kind 14.做(某事)有一些困难have difficulty with sth./ have difficult in doing sth./ find it difficult to do something.15.全世界范围内

all over the world 16.其余的;剩下的the rest of…… 17.既不…也不…

neither ……nor…… 18.对……有用处

be useful for 19.一等奖

the first prize 20.害怕……

be afraid of…… 21.至多有

up to 22.生育

give birth to…… 23.也;还

as well as 24.……方面的专家

expert on…… 25.完全地,彻底地

competely

Unit6

一、词组

1.能够

be able to / can 2.成为现实;实现

come true 3.从现在起

from now on 4.到达

arrive at/in;get to………;reach…… 5.生病

get sick 6.一会儿

in a moment/minute 7.和平地

in peace 8.破碎地

in pieces 9.在太空

in space 10.将来

in the future 11.降落于

……land on 12.看起来像

look like 13.部分

part of 14.而不是

15.耗尽;用完

not …but…

run out of

Unit 7--8词组:

1.从现在起

from now on 2.躺下

lie down 3.入睡

fall asleep 4.从(某地)逃走

5.太……以致于……

6.过了一会儿

7.逃离

8.对准;瞄准

9.熄灭

10.广播、公布

11.听起来象

12.从……出来

13.告诉……实情

14.生气

15.事实上

16.开……的玩笑

17.给……提供某物

18.过着幸福的生活

19.过着艰苦的生活

20.过去常常做(某事)

21.过去常常不做(某事)

22.数以亿计

23.除……之外,还……按时

24.全世界

25.给某人拍照

26.例如

27.在过去

28.广交朋友

29.在周末

30.赶快

31.立刻

escape from

too…to…;so…that…

moments later

be out of……

aim at…

go uout

put out

sound like

come out of

tell the truth

be angry withsb./ get angry

in fact

paly jokes on

provide……with…

live a happy life

live a hard life

used to do sth.didn’t use to do sth.billiions of

as well as

all over the world

take photo for …

for example

in the past

make a lot of

at the weekend

hurry up

in a second/at once/right away/immediately

32.考虑

think of 33.中国出口品交易

Chinese Export Commodities Fair

第二篇:上海牛津英语4AM1知识点总结.

M1U1 Meeting new people 1.词汇:classmate 同学schoolmate 校友deskmate 同桌friend朋友 meet 遇见people人们eleven 十一twelve十二thirteen 十三

fourteen 十四fifteen 十五sixteen 十六seventeen 十七eighteen 十八nineteen 十九twenty二十student number 学号sit 坐skip跳绳

live居住near在……附近year年well好mask 面具

2.词组:my classmate 我的同学go to the park 去公园ride a bicycle骑自行车 skip a rope 跳绳live near the school住在学校附近walk to school走路去学校play basketball 打篮球like reading喜欢阅读years old 岁

—Nice to meet you!很高兴遇到你!—Nice to meet you,too.我也很高兴遇到你!See you!再见!3.语法:形容词性物主代词his,her,your,my,its,their,our 形容词性物主代词(所有格后必须加名词。my new classmate her dress our classroom his mother His/Her name is……

This is my sister.Her name’s Sally.(向别人介绍某个人 Can 句型can后的动词必须是原形 He can swim very fast.He can’t sing.Can he climb a tree? 主语是第一人称I、we,第二人称you和第三人称复数they、his parents等的时候,句中动词用原形;主语是第三人称单数时,动词要相应变化(加s She lives near our school.She walks to school every day.My friend has a nice dress。

变否定句和疑问句时要添加助动词doesn’t和does,动词要变回原形。My brother doesn’t like his toy car.Does Kitty walk to school every day? like后面加名词复数We like balls.动词ing形式We like playing basketball.to do We like to play basketball.do-doing的规则:直接加ing singing,playing,painting,jumping 去末尾的e,加ing writing,dancing,coming 双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing swimming,skipping running M1U2 Abilities 词汇:climb 爬draw 画画paint 用颜料画画swim 游泳read读write 写Jump 跳hop单脚跳picture画,图dream梦interview 采访guest嘉宾everyone大家,每个人fast 快high高very 很,非常welcome欢迎both(两个都dolphin海豚wasp黄蜂crisp薯片

词组:paint a picture画一幅画climb a tree爬树count to three数到very much 非常read a book看书swim in the river在河里游泳

fly very high飞得很高swim very fast游得很快very well很好 both super都很棒our guest我们的嘉宾welcome to 欢迎来到…… 语法:1.can句型

肯定句:I/He/She/They can run fast.否定句:I/He/She/They can’t run fast.一般疑问句:Can you/he/she/they run fast? 特殊疑问句:What can you/he/she/they do? 2.have got,has got 表示某人有某物 M1U3 How do you feel? 词汇:back 回来biscuit饼干feel感觉happy高兴的sad伤心的hungry 饿 full饱的thirsty口渴的tired累的crow乌鸦bottle瓶子water水drink喝pebble小石子so所以then那么,然后idea办法toast烤面包post 邮局lamp灯postman邮递员large大的cream奶油berry 果冻want需要,想要2.词组:a new bicycle一辆新自行车have some biscuits吃些饼干each other对方drink some water喝些水thirsty and tired又渴又累a good idea一个好主意 a bottle of water一瓶水a piece of toast一片烤面包long and thin又长又细post lamp路灯post office邮局be full of充满了……be tired of厌倦

—Have some biscuits.—Thank you.I have an idea.我有一个主意。

3.语法:—How do you feel?—I’m /we’re hungry.—How does Danny feel?—He’s thirsty.以here,there开头的句子be动词用is还是are要看后面的名词是单数还是复数,是可数名词复数还是不可数名词。

Here’s some water for you.Here are some pebbles.There is a bottle under the tree.There are three crows in the tree.

第三篇:初一英语知识点总结

对于刚上初一的同学来说,英语基础知识常有“剪不断,理还乱”的感觉。整体来说,在初中的英语学习中,会涉及很多很细小的知识点。很多同学会因为疏忽而常常犯错误,需要提醒的一点是这些细小的英语知识点往往就是中考的考点。所以,我们将初一英语上册所学的基础知识作如下梳理:

一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写

要熟练掌握元音和辅音,5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距。

二、be动词的用法

be动词有三种变形,分别是:am, is, are。记忆口诀:

“我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;单数全都用is,复数全部都用are。

三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格)

1、三种人称:第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you, you),第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。

2、人称代词的主格,即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。

3、人称代词的宾格,即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态:me, us, you, you, him, her, it。

4、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。

5、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。

6、反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。

四、基数词(表示数量多少的词,大致相当于代数里的自然数)

zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句

1、一般疑问句:能用Yes或No来回答的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。

2、特殊疑问句:不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。

六、可数名词变复数

可数名词变复数时,有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

1、规则变化:

1)一般情况直接在词尾加“-s ”,如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;

2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词,要在词尾加“-es ”,如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等;

3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i再加“-es ”,如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;

4)部分以f(e)结尾的词,变f(e)为“ves ”,如:knife-knives, half-halves等;

5)以o结尾的词,加“-s ”或“-es ”,如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。记忆口诀:除了“英雄”hero外,凡是能吃的,加“-es ”,不能吃的加“-s ”。

2、不规则变化:

1)改变单数名词中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等; 2)单、复同形:sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等; 3)其他形式:mouse-mice, child-children等。

3、可数名词和不可数名词

A.数的区别:可数名词有单、复数,其复数形式一般是在其后加上-(e)s。不可数名词只有单数形式,而没有复数的变化。

B.量的表达区别:可数名词前可用a(n)及数词来表示其量,也可借助于其它的可数名词,用of介词来表示其量,此时,表示量的可数名词有单、复数变化,表示事物的可数名词本身则必须用复数。不可数名词前则不可用a(n)及数词来表示其量,只可借助于其它可数名词,表示量的可数名词有单、复数的变化,不可数名词没有数的变化。

C.修饰词的差异:可数名词和不可数名词前都可用some, any来修饰,表示“一些”之意,而表示“很多”之意时,可数名词(复数形式)前应用many或a lot of;不可数名词(只可用单数形式)前应用much 或a lot of。询问可数名词的量用how many, 而询问不可数名词的量则应用how much。

七、简单句的成分及主谓一致原则

最基本构成:主语+谓语+宾语,其中谓语由动词来充当。主谓一致原则,就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的一致性。当主语是第三人称单数(简称“三单”)时,谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式;当主语非“三单”时,谓语动词就用原形。实意动词变“三单”的规则如下:

1)一般动词在词尾加“-s ”,如:like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等;

2)以字母s, x,ch, sh结尾的动词加“-es ”,如:guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等;

3)以o结尾的动词一般加“-es ”,如:do-does, go-goes等;

4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加“-而是”,如:fly-flies, carry-carries等;5)have的三单形式是has。

八、冠词的用法(名词前面必须要有冠词)

冠词分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a, an)两种。

a(n)为不定冠词,它常用在单数可数名词前,表示不确定的人或事物。a用在以辅音音素开头的词、数字、字母、符号等前;an用在以元音音素开头的词前。the为定冠词,可用在单数可数名词、不可数名词或复数可数名词前表示确定的人或事物。不定冠词a, an与基数词one的区别是:

不定冠词不是刻意强调“数量”,而基数词则强调“数量”。

九、助动词(do, does)的用法

只有实意动词作谓语时才涉及使用助动词。以like为例:

1)当句子为肯定句时不涉及使用助动词,只涉及“主谓一致”原则。eg : I like English a lot.Michael likes Chinese food very much.2)当句子为否定句时,要根据主语的人称来决定使用相应的助动词:当主语为“三单”时,要使用does;当主语为“非三单”时,用助动词原形do。例如把下列句子变否定句: Kangkang likes math.----Kangkang doesn't like math.They like sports.------They don't like sports.3)当句子变疑问句时,同样要根据句子的主语来决定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子变问句:

Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't.Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music?

Yes, they do./ No, they don't.十、名词所有格

注意名词所有格的用法。有生命事物名词的所有格应在其后加上's。方法:

A.单数名词在其后直接加's。

B.以-s结尾的复数名词,在其后加上’, 而不可加's。C.以非s结尾的复数名词,需在其后加上's。

D.表示两个或两个以上的人共有某个人或某个事物时,只需将最后一个名词变为所有格,前面的各个名词无需变为所有格。

E.表示两个或两个以上的人分别有某人或某物时,各个名词均需变为所有格形式。注意:表示无生命事物的名词一般应用of介词短语来构成其所有格。例如:

1、Kangkang's books;Tom and Helen's desk;Ann's and Maria's bikes;

2、用of表示“......的”,但要从of后往of前翻译:a book of mine(我的一本书)

3、have与of的区别:

have一般表示“主动拥有”,往往用于有生命的人或动物;无生命的物体一般不能“主动拥有”,表示所属关系时要用of。例如:

I have a new bike.She has two big eyes.a door of the house

十一、课本中的知识点

1、Unit 1 ——Unit 2 1)问候语:

Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.How are you?---Just OK, thank you.How are you?---Not bad, thanks.Hi!Hello!

How do you do? 2)道别用语:

Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次见面,see用于熟人间)Nice to meet/ see you, too.Goodbye.Byebye.Bye.See you(later/ tomorrow/ next time)!So long!Good night!3)介绍人或者物的句型:This is...4)Excuse me.与I'm sorry.的区别:

Excuse me.是要引起对方的注意,而I'm sorry.则是向对方道歉。5)词组be from = come from in English

5)当问句中问到this/ that时,回答要用it;问到these/ those时,要用they来回答。例如: What's this in English?----It's an eraser.What are those?----They are books.6)对Thanks.的回答:That's OK./ You're welcome./ My pleasur.7)look the same = have the same looks give sth.to sb.= give sb.sth.be like = look like

in the tree/ on the tree(树上结的、长出来的用on,否则用in)in red(穿着红色的衣服)

in the desk(在空间范围之内)in English(用英语)help sb.do sth.8)both与all的区别:

both表示“两者都......”;all表示“三者及以上都......”。

十二、2、Unit 3——Unit 4 1)speak的用法

speak与say不同:speak表示“说”的动作,不表示“说”的内容;say则表示“说”的内容。speak后面除了能接“语言”外,不能直接接东西,后面加了to则表示“对......说”。help sb.with sth.(帮助某人做/补习......)want to do sth.(想要做某事)would like to do sth.not...at all(一点都不);Not at all.(没关系/别介意)like...a lot = like...very much 2)some和any的区别:

口诀:some用于肯定句,否定、疑问变any。例如: I have some money.I don't have any money.Do you have any money?

3)have a seat = take a seat(请随便坐)4)祈使句(表示命令或请求的句子)

祈使句一般都省略了主语You,所以其否定句直接用Don't开头。例如: Don't go there!5)问职业:

What does sb.do? What is sb.? What's sb.'s job?

6)work与job的区别:

work是未必有报酬的“工作”,例如homework, housework;而job则一定是有报酬的“工作”。7)on指在物体的表面,不论这个面是否水平的,例如: on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground 8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在医院里)look after(照料/照顾/照看)help oneself(请自便/随便吃)

9)表示“建议”的句型:“做某事如何?” What about(doing)sth.?(英式英语)How about(doing)sth.?(美式英语)Why don't you do sth.? = Why not do sth.?

10)“吃”一日三餐要用have:have breakfast/ lunch/ supper have...for breakfast/ lunch/ supper take one's order be kind to sb.11)try on这个词组可合可分:名词可以放在这个词组的中间或后面,但代词只能放在词组的中间。

12)在口语中往往用take表示“买”。13)how many与how much的区别:

how many + 可数名词;how much + 不可数名词

14)What do you think of...? 是询问对方对某事物的看法; How do you like...? 是问对方对某事物喜欢的程度。think about(考虑)

Thank you all the same.(即使对方没能帮上忙,也要礼貌道谢)Thanks.= Thank you.(thank作为动词,不能单独使用。)15)one与it的区别:

当上下文说的是同一种类事物时,任意一个可以用one来代替;如果上下文所说的是同一个事物时则用it。例如: Ann :I have a yellow bag.Jane :I have a green one.Tom : Hey, Mike.Where is your bike? Mike : Look, it's over there.16)倒装句 Here you are.Here it is.17)be free(有空/免费)

forget to do sth.(忘了去做某事)forget doing sth.(忘了做过某事)

What's up? = What's wrong with...? = What's the matter with...? 18)go + v.-ing结构的含义:为了实现某目的才去的。例如: go fishing/ boating/ swimming/ shopping等

19)have to do sth.(非主观因素,强调客观因素,“不得不去做某事”)must 则表示主观愿望 20)fly a kite = fly kites be free = have time 21)时间的表述

当分针所指的时间大于0分、小于等于30分钟时,用“分钟”past“小时”。例如: 8:23——twenty-three past eight

当分针所指的时间大于30分钟、小于60分钟时,用“剩余的时间”to“下一个整点”。例如: 8:49——eleven to nine

当然,还可以直接按照小时、分钟去读出时间,例如: 8:23——eight twenty-three;8:49——eight forty-nine

整点则在数词后加“-o'clock”,例如:8:00——eight o'clock 在钟点前介词要用at.22)句型“该干某事了。”:It's time to do sth.= It's time for sth.例如:该吃午饭了.It's time to have lunch.= It's time for lunch.23)注意同义词或形近词的辨析

a, an和one;no和not;excuse me和sorry;it's和its;who和what;look like和look the same;let's和let us;good, nice;fine, well和all right;look和look at;see和watch;and和or;family, house和home;with和and;what, which和who;one和it;whose和who's;put on, wear和in;other和else;say, speak, talk和tell;get和get to等。24)反义词、同义词、同音词 反义词/对应词

yes-no morning-afternoon on-under plus-minus student-teacher open-close this-that new-old young-old these-those same-different black-white woman-man sit down-stand up light-dark boy-girl down-up light-heavy here-there after-before short-tall father-mother go-come right-wrong brother-sister ask-answer big-small child-parent take-bring aunt-uncle husband-wife dad-mum son-daughter

同音词

two-too-to his-he’s our-hour are-r there-their why-y no-know where-wear

同义词/近义词

be in=at home mr-mister hi-hello look-see fine-well desk-table 初一英语易错点总结

[第一类] 名词类

1.这些女老师们在干什么?

[误] What are the woman teachers doing?

[正] What are the women teachers doing?

[析] 在英语中,当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时,作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man,woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时,要用其复数形式men,women.2.房间里有多少人?

[误] How many peoples are there in the room?

[正] How many people are there in the room?

[析] people作“人、人们”解时,是个集合名词,其单复数同形。

3.我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。

[误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.[析] 表示不可数名词的数量时,常用“a / an或数词 +表量的可数名词 + of + 不可数名词”这一结构,其中当数词大于1时,表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。

[第二类] 动词类

4.你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?

[误] What time does your sister usually goes to school?

[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?

[析] 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时,句中的谓语动词用其原形。

5.琳达晚上经常做作业,但今晚她在看电视。

[误] Linda often do her homework in the evening,but this evening she watching TV.[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening,but this evening she is watching TV.[析] 在初一英语学习阶段,我们接触到了两种主要时态:一般现在时和现在进行时。一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常和often,usually,sometimes 等时间状语连用。在一般现在时的句子中,若主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作,现在进行时由be(am / is / are)+ ving形式构成。

这双鞋是红色的。

[误] This pair of shoes are red.[正] This pair of shoes is red.[析] 在shoes,trousers,gloves,glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时,谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。[第三类] 代词类

7.这张票是她的,不是我的。

[误] This is hers ticket.It’s not my.[正] This is her ticket.It’s not mine.[析] 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。

8.吴老师教我们英语。

[误] Miss Wu teaches our English.[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.[析] teach sb.sth.中的sb.作teach的宾语,因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。[第四类] 介词类

9.你能找到这个问题的答案吗?

[误] Can you find the answer of this question?

[正] Can you find the answer to this question?

[析] 英语中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。类似结构还有the key to the door,the way to the zoo等。

10.格林先生星期六上午来这里。

[误] Mr Green will come here in Sunday evening.[正] Mr Green will come here on Sunday evening.[析] 表示在上午、下午等时,介词要用in;而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时,介词要用on.11.那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。

[误] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.[析] 用介词表示“穿戴衣物”时,只能用in,其他介词没有此用法。

[第五类] 副词类

12.莉莉,你为什么不回家呢?

[误] Lily,why don’t you go to home?

[正] Lily,why don’t you go home?

[析] come,go 等后接here,there,home等地点副词时,地点副词前不加to。

[第六类] 连词类

13.我喜欢语文和英语,但我不喜欢体育和历史。

[误] I like Chinese and English,but I don’t like P.E.and history.[正] I like Chinese and English,but I don’t like P.E.or history.[析] 在肯定句中并列成分之间用and来连接;而在否定句中,并列成分之间的连接需用or。

[第七类] 冠词类

14.乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。

[误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.[析] 1.表示“……一家人”用结构“the + 姓氏复数”;

2.our 一词的第一个字母不发音,它是以元音音素开头的,所以“一小时”要用 an hour;

3.用介词by表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时,交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。

[第八类] 句法类

15.――你不是学生吗? ――不,我是学生。

[误] ――Aren’t you a student? ――No,I am.[正] ――Aren’t you a student? ――Yes,I am.[析] 对否定疑问句的回答是用Yes还是用No,这取决于实际情况:如果事实是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事实是否定的,就用No表“是的”。

第四篇:上海牛津英语4A M2知识点总结

M2U1 Jill’s family

单词:uncle 叔,舅,伯 aunt 姨妈,姑妈,舅妈 cousin 堂(表)兄弟姐妹parents父母亲 grandparents祖(外祖)父母family家庭welcome欢迎 dive跳水 really真的 Mid-autumn Day中秋节 watch看,欣赏 riddle谜语sometimes有时 bright明亮的 lady女士 dish盘子wash洗 catch抓 cook做饭 put放 garden花园 visit看望 photo照片 mooncake月饼

词组:my mother’s brother我母亲的兄弟have some mooncakes吃月饼watch the beautiful moon in the garden在花园里看美丽的月亮

the girl in the short black dress那个穿着短的黑色连衣裙的女孩

the lady in the long red skirt那个穿着长的红色裙子的女士

the man in the bright green shirt那个穿着鲜绿色衬衣的男士

catch the fish抓鱼wash the dishes洗盘子cook the fish煮鱼

put the fish on the plate把鱼放在盘子里on Mid-autumn Day在中秋节 visit her grandparents看望祖父母

句型:1.to have句型:

肯定句:I have(got)a nice coat.Jill has(got)a nice cat.否定句:I don’t have(got)a nice dress.Jill doesn’t have(got)a nice cat.或I haven’t(got)a nice dress.Jill hasn’t(got)a nice cat.一般疑问句:Do you have a nice dress?Does Jill have a nice cat?

或Have you(got)a nice dress?Has Jill(got)a nice cat? 特殊疑问句:What have you(got)?What has Jill(got)?

或How many…… do you have?How many…… does she have?

2.-Who’s that man?那个男人是谁?

-He’s my…… 他是我的(……亲人)

3.Here’s some water.Here are some biscuits.4.That’s right.你是对的。

5.Really?真的吗?

6.How many uncles and aunts do you have?

M2U2 Jobs

单词:doctor医生nurse护士teacher教师student学生police officer警察fire火firefighter消防员cook厨师bus driver巴士司机job工作

call打电话fire station消防站bring带来engine引擎brave勇敢的 afraid害怕dangerous危险的 princess公主pretty漂亮的dream梦 price价格dress连衣裙dream梦care关心

词组:call the fire station打电话给消防站brave firefighter 勇敢的消防员Visit a fire station参观一个消防站put out the fire灭火

Play with fire玩火help people帮助人们 be afraid of害怕…… 句型:1.-What does he do?/What is he?

-He’s a doctor.2.Welcome to our fire station.3.祈使句:Don’t play with fire.(否定句)同义句:You can’t play with fire.Close the door,please.(肯定句)

Please don’t close the door.(否定句)

4.I can help people.help后加名词和代词的宾格:help Alice/me/her/him/it/them

5.I like my job.6.-Thank you.-You’re welcome.M2U3I have a friend

单词:coat外套shirt男衬衣blouse女衬衣skirt短裙T-shirt T恤

sweater毛衣jeans牛仔裤shorts短裤strong强壮的sharp尖的 blunt钝的tooth(teeth)牙齿foot(feet)脚 net网bite咬kid小孩 bread面包sock袜子jacket夹克衫wear穿 shoe鞋 词组:a pair of jeans一条牛仔裤a pair of shorts一条短裤

a pair of shoes一双鞋a pair of socks一双短袜small and sharp又小又尖 an orange coat一件橙色的上衣

句型:1.to have 句型

肯定句: I have a pink and white T-shirt.It has small but sharp teeth.否定句:I haven’t(got)a pink and white T-shirt..It hasn’t(got)small but sharp teeth.一般疑问句:Have you(got)a pink and white T-shirt?

Has(got)small but sharp teeth?

特殊疑问句:What have you(got)?What has itl(got)?

2.They’re friends now.

第五篇:初一英语学习知识点总结

初一英语学习知识点总结

一、初一英语语法——词法

1、名词

A)名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:

一)在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes,三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es如:baby-babies,2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯

五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves

六)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese

七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks

八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员

九)有的单复数意思不同。如:fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作 works作品,工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡

十)特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen

B)名词的格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下:

一)单数在后面加’s。如:brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s

二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如:Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’;Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节

2、代词

项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词 人称主格宾格形容词名词性

第一人称单数 I

me

my mine

myself

复数 we

us

our ours

ourselves

第二人称单数you

youyour yours

yourself

复数you

youyour yours

yourselves

第三人称单数 she

her

her

hers

herself

He

him

his

his

himself itit itsits this that

itself

复数

they them their theirs these those themselves

3、动词

A)第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:

一)一般在词后加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes

三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries 2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys 四)以o结尾加es。如:does, goes 五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has B)现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下: 一)一般在后加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing

二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having

三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning

四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于

4、形容词的级

我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下: 一)一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如: greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer-nicest, larger-largest

二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest 三)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest

四)特殊情况:(两好多坏,一少老远)good/well– better-best many/much-more-most bad/ill – worse worst little-less-least

old-older/elder-oldest/eldest

far-farther/further-farthest/furthest

5、数词(基变序,有规则;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去。)

first, second, third;fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth;seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth;twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth

二、初一英语语法——句式 1.陈述句肯定陈述句

a)This is a book.(be动词)b)He looks very young.(连系动词)c)I want a sweat like this.(实义动词)

d)I can bring some things to school.(情态动词)

e)There’s a computer on my desk.(There be结构)

否定陈述句

a)These aren’t their books.b)They don’t look nice.c)Kate doesn’t go to No.4 Middle School.d)Kate can’t find her doll.e)There isn’t a cat here.(=There’s no cat here.)2.祈使句 肯定祈使句

a)Please go and ask the man.b)Let’s learn English!c)Come in, please.否定祈使句

a)Don’t be late.b)Don’t hurry.3.疑问句

1)一般疑问句 a)Is Jim a student? b)Can I help you?

c)Does she like salad?

d)Do they watch TV? e)Is she reading?

肯定回答: a)Yes, he is.b)Yes, you can.c)Yes, she does.d)Yes, they do.e)Yes, she is.否定回答:

a)No, he isn’t.b)No, you can’t.c)No, she doesn’t.d)No, they don’t.e)No, she isn’t.三、初一英语语法——时态

1、一般现在时表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时,它有: Be 动词:She’s a worker.Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.情态动词:I can play the piano.Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.行为动词:They want to eat some tomatoes.Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch.Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.2、现在进行时表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态,结构为 sb be v-ingsth + 其它.I’m playing baseball.Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.Nancy is writing a letter.Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.四、初一英语语法——介词用法: 1)具体时间前介词用at。

He gets up at half past seven every day.他每天七点半起床。She goes to bed at eleven o’clock.她十一点睡觉。

2)表示“在早上,在下午,在晚上”的短语中用介词in,且定冠词the不能省略; 表示“在中午,在夜里”的短语中介词用at,不加冠词。in the morning在早上,in the afternoon 在下午,in the evening 在晚上 at noon在中午,at night在夜里 3)表示“在某天”、“在某天的上午、下午等”的短语用介词on。

What do you usually do on Monday morning? 星期一上午你通常做什么?

Do you sometimes go out to eat on Friday evening? 有时你星期五晚上出去吃饭吗? He watches DVDs on Saturday night.星期六晚上他看DVD。4)在this, last, next, every等词前面既不加介词,也不用冠词。What are you doing this afternoon? 今天下午你做什么?

He visits his grandma every Friday.他每个星期五都去看望祖母。She is going to Shanghai next Monday.她下个星期一去上海。

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