外贸英语之常用外贸词汇（范文）

第一篇：外贸英语之常用外贸词汇（范文）

外贸英语之常用外贸词汇

commerce, trade, trading 贸易

inland trade, home trade, domestic trade, internal trade, interior trade 国内贸易international trade 国际贸易

cash sale 现货

hire-purchase 分期付款购买(美作:installment plan)

competition 竞争

competitor 竞争者

competitive 竞争的unfair competition 不合理竞争

dumping profit margin 倾销差价,倾销幅度

trademark 商标

registered trademark 注册商标

registered office, head office 总公司,总店,总部

foreign trade, external trade 对外贸易,外贸

terms of trade 贸易条件

free-trade area 自由贸易区

import, importation 进口

importer 进口商

export, exportation 出口

exporter 出口商

commercial channels 商业渠道

customs 海关

customs duty 关税

quota 配额,限额

item 项目,细目

commercial transaction 买卖,交易

manufacturer 制造商,制造厂

middleman 中间商,经纪人

dealer 经销商

wholesaler 批发商

retailer 零售商

tradesman 零售商

merchant 商人(英)批发商,(美)零售商

concessionaire, licensed dealer 受让人,特许权获得者

consumer 消费者,用户client, customer 顾客,客户buyer 买主,买方

stocks 存货,库存量

purchase 购买,进货

sale 销售

bulk sale 整批销售,趸售wholesale 批发

retail trade 零售业

英语口语培训 http:///

第二篇：外贸英语常用词汇：讨价还价

外贸英语常用词汇：讨价还价

1.Price terms 价格条件

2.bargain 讨价还价

3.currency 货币

4.on the low side 价格偏低

5.market price 市场价

6.current price 现行价

7.floor price 底价

8.make a bargain with sb 与某人成交

9.drive a hard bargain over sth.为某事拼命讨价还价

10.a bargain sale 廉价出售

11.rock-bottom price 最低价

12.F.O.B 船上交货

13.C.I.F.成本加保险费，运费价

14.CFR 成本加运费价

英语口语培训 http:///

第三篇：外贸英语：外贸中的价格术语词汇

外贸英语：外贸中的价格术语词汇

以下是与外贸价格术语有关的英语词汇

现货价格spot price

期货价格forward price

现行价格（时价）current price

国际市场价格 world(International)Marketprice

离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board

成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freight

到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight

运费freight

单价 price

码头费wharfage

总值 total value

卸货费landing charges

金额 amount

关税customs duty

净价 net price

印花税stamp duty

含佣价price including commission

港口税portdues

回佣return commission

装运港portof shipment

折扣discount,allowance

卸货港port of discharge

批发价 wholesale price

目的港portof destination

零售价 retail price

进口许口证inportlicence

出口许口证exportlicence

英语口语培训 http:///

第四篇：外贸词汇

际贸易

出口信贷 export credit 出口津贴 export subsidy 商品倾销 dumping

外汇倾销 exchange dumping 优惠关税 special preferences

保税仓库 bonded warehouse 贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade

贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制 import quotas

自由贸易区 free trade zone 对外贸易值 value of foreign trade

国际贸易值 value of international trade 普遍优惠制 generalized system of

preferences-GSP

最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT

价格条件

价格术语trade term(price term)运费freight 单价 price码头费

wharfage 总值 total value卸货费landing charges 金额 amount关税

customs duty 净价 net price印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including

commission 港口税portdues 回佣return commission装运港portof shipment 折扣

discount,allowance卸货港port of discharge 批发价 wholesale price目的港portof

destination 零售价 retail price进口许口证inportlicence 现货价格spot price

出口许口证exportlicence 期货价格forward price 现行价格（时价）current price

prevailingprice 国际市场价格 world(International)Marketprice 离岸价（船上交货价）

FOB-free on board 成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freight 到岸价（成本加

运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight

交货条件

交货delivery轮船steamship(缩写S.S)装运、装船shipment 租船charter(the

chartered shep)交货时间 time of delivery定程租船voyage charter;装运期限time of

shipment定期租船time charter 托运人（一般指出口商）shipper,consignor 收货人

consignee班轮regular shipping liner驳船lighter 舱位shipping space

油轮tanker 报关clearance of goods陆运收据cargo receipt提货to take delivery of

goods空运提单airway bill正本提单original BL 选择港（任意港）optional port选港费optional charges 选港费由买方负担 optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或 optional charges for Buyers account 一月份装船 shipment during January 或 January

shipment一月底装船 shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st.一/二月份装船 shipment during Jan./Feb.或 Jan./Feb.shipment 在......(时间）分两批装

船 shipment during....in two lots 在......(时间）平均分两批装船 shipment during....in two equal lots 分三个月装运 in three monthly shipments 分三个月，每月平均装运 in three

equal monthly shipments 立即装运 immediate shipments 即期装运 prompt shipments

收到信用证后30天内装运 shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C 允许分批装船

partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not

unacceptable

交易磋商、合同签订

订单 indent订货；订购 book;booking 电复 cable reply

实盘 firm offer 递盘 bid;bidding递实盘 bid firm 还盘 counter offer

发盘（发价)offer发实盘 offer firm询盘（询价）inquiry;enquiry

指示性价格 price indication速复 reply immediately参考价 reference price

习惯做法 usual practice 交易磋商 business negotiation

不受约束 without engagement 业务洽谈 business discussion限**复 subject to reply ** 限* *复到 subject to reply reaching here ** 有效期限 time of validity有效至**: valid till ** 购货合同 purchase contract销售合同 sales contract 购货确认书 purchase confirmation销售确认书 sales confirmation一般交易条件 general terms and conditions以未售出为准 subject to prior sale 需经卖方确认 subject to sellers

confirmation 需经我方最后确认 subject to our final confirmation

贸易方式

INT(拍卖auction)寄售consignment 招标invitation of tender

投标submission of tender 一般代理人agent总代理人general agent代理协议agency agreement累计佣金accumulative commission

补偿贸易compensation trade（或抵偿贸易）compensating/compensatory trade（又叫：往返贸易）counter trade来料加工processing on giving materials 来料装配assembling on provided parts 独家经营/专营权exclusive right独家经营/包销/代理协议exclusivity agreement 独家代理 sole agency;sole agent;exclusive agency;

exclusive agent

品质条件

品质 quality原样 original sample 规格 specifications

复样 duplicate sample说明 description对等样品 countersample

标准 standard type参考样品 reference sample商品目录 catalogue

封样 sealed sample 宣传小册 pamphlet公差 tolerance 货号 article No.花色（搭配）assortment 样品 sample 5%增减 5% plus or minus代表性样品 representative sample大路货（良好平均品质）fair average quality

商检仲裁

索赔 claim争议disputes 罚金条款 penalty

仲裁arbitration 不可抗力 force Majeure仲裁庭arbitral tribunal

产地证明书certificate of origin 品质检验证书 inspection certificate of quanlity

重量检验证书 inspection certificate of weight(quantity)

**商品检验局 **commodity inspection bureau(*.C.I.B)

品质、重量检验证书 inspection certificate

数量条件

个数 number净重 net weight 容积 capacity

毛作净 gross for net 体积 volume皮重 tare

毛重 gross weight溢短装条款 more or less clause

外 汇

外汇 foreign exchange法定贬值 devaluation 外币 foreign currency

法定升值 revaluation 汇率 rate of exchange浮动汇率floating rate

国际收支 balance of payments硬通货 hard currency

直接标价 direct quotation软通货 soft currency

间接标价 indirect quotation金平价 gold standard

买入汇率 buying rate通货膨胀 inflation

卖出汇率 selling rate固定汇率 fixed rate

金本位制度 gold standard黄金输送点 gold points

铸币平价 mint par纸币制度 paper money system

国际货币基金 international monetary fund

黄金外汇储备 gold and foreign exchange reserve

汇率波动的官定上下限 official upper and lower limits of fluctuation

外贸常见英文缩略词 CFR(cost and freight)成本加运费价 D/P(document against payment)付款交单

C.O(certificate of origin)一般原产地证 CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)纸箱

DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元 PKG(package)一包，一捆，一扎，一件等

G.W.(gross weight)毛重 C/D(customs declaration)报关单

W(with)具有 FAC(facsimile)传真 EXP（export)出口

MIN(minimum)最小的，最低限度 M/V（merchant vessel)商船

MT或M/T(metric ton)公吨 INT（international)国际的 INV(invoice)发票

REF（reference)参考、查价 STL.(style)式样、款式、类型

RMB（renminbi)人民币 PR或PRC(price)价格 S/C（sales contract)销售确认书B/L（bill of lading)提单 CIF（cost,insurance&freight)成本、保险加运费价

T/T(telegraphic transfer)电汇 D/A(document against acceptance)承兑交单

G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制

PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、个、支等 DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打 WT(weight)重量

N.W.(net weight)净重 EA(each)每个，各 w/o(without)没有 IMP(import)进口

MAX(maximum)最大的、最大限度的 M 或MED(medium)中等，中级的S.S(steamship)船运 DOC(document)文件、单据 P/L(packing list)装箱单、明细表PCT(percent)百分比 EMS（express mail special)特快传递 T或LTX或TX(telex)电传S/M（shipping marks)装船标记 PUR(purchase)购买、购货

L/C（letter of credit)信用证 FOB（free on board）离岸价 A@ at 每a.a.r against all risks 全险a/c account 帐目

A/C account current 往来帐目acc acceptance;accepted 承兑;已承兑

a.g.b a good brand 任何名牌a/o account of 记入...帐目

a.p.additional premium 附加保险a.r.all risks 全险

A/S;acc/s account sales 售货清单av;A/V average平均数BBB bill book 出纳簿 B/D bank draft 银行汇票bd.bond 债券bds.boards 董事会

B/E bill of exchange 汇票bk.bank book 帐簿bkg.banking 银行业

B/L bill of lading 提货单B.P.B bank post bill 银行汇票

BR bank rate 银行贴现率B/R;b.r.bill receivable 应收票据

B.S;b.s.balance sheet 资产负债表bt bought 购入CC currency,coupon 现金,息单 C/A capital account 资本帐户CAD cash against document 凭单付款

canclg.cancelling 取消cat.catalogue 目录CB cash book 现金簿

CD cash dividend 现金折扣c.d.cum dividend 付股息报关单

C and D collection and delivery 收款发货cert.certificate 证明

C/F carried forward 转下页cge.carriage 运费CH custom house 海关

ch.ppd charges prepaid 预付费c/l certificate insurance 保险证明书

c&l cost and insurance 保险费在内价CIF cost,insurance and freight 到岸价格

C/O cash order 现金汇票C.O.t.change over to 转入COD cash on delivery 货到付款 com.commercial:commission 商业;佣金cont.contract 合同cr.credit 货方

ctge cartage 车费cur.current 本月;现付CWO cash with order 订货即付款

cy.currency 货币DD/C.deviation 贴现dd.delivered 交付de.deferred 延期

deg.degree 等级dft.draft 汇票div dividend;division 红利;部门

D/N debit note 欠单;借项清单dols.dollars 美元

D/P documents against payment 付款交单dr.debtor drawer 债务人,借方

d.r.dock receipt 存款收条D/W deposit warrant 码头仓单dely.delivery 交付

Eea.each 每e.d.ex dividend 股息除外eq.equivalent 等值exd.examined 已检查 exs.expenses 费用Ff.i.t.free of income tax 免所得税

FOB free on board 离岸价格F/O for order 准备出售f.p;FP fully paid 付讫

frt.freight 运费Ggrs.wt gross weight 毛重

g.t.c.good till cancelled 未注销前有效信用证

LETTTER OF CREDIT

信用证L/C(Letter of Credit)托收

COLLECTION

付款交单D/P(Documents against Payment)

承付交单D/A（Documents against Acceptance）汇付

REMITTANCE

信汇M/T(Mail Transfer)

电汇T/T(Telegraphic Transfer)

票汇 D/D(Demand Draft)现付

IN CASH

银行本票P/N(Promissory Notes)

现金支付(In Cash)

现金支票（Cash Draft）记账

OPEN ACCOUNT

记账 O/A(Open Account)免费

FREE

免费不是实际付款方式，考虑到在国际贸易业务和管理、统计方面的需要，用在样品、赠送、捐赠、援助等不付款的情况。

第五篇：外贸英语常用词汇

外贸常用词汇

enquiry n.询盘，询购 order n.v.订购，订单 complicate v.使复杂化 to ask for 请求；要价 to be liable to 易于---的 to put aside 放在一边

facsimile(fax)n.v.传真，发传真 on the web 在互连网上 E-commerce 电子商务 pompous a.浮夸的beg to acknowledge receipt of 承认受到 inst.(=this month)本月 clear one's account 结帐 as a result 所以 trace v.跟踪，查询

in connection with 与————有关 indebtedness n.负债

balance n.收付差额，余额

illustrated catalog 附有插图的目录 if possible 如有可能 time of delivery 交货期 delivery n.交货 firm n.公司，商号 standing n.信誉 reliability n.可靠

approach vt.与----联系

enter into business relations with与----建立业务关系 catalog n.（商品目录）pamphlet n.小册子

for your reference 供你参考 in the meantime 与此同时 transaction n.交易 embassy n.大使馆 hand-made a.手工制作 hide n.皮革 steady a.稳定的fashionable a.流行的，时髦的 detail(s)n.详情

terms of payment支付条款 a range of---一系列 elegance n.优美，雅致

couple together使联结，使成对 superb a.极好的，一流的 workmanship n.工艺 appeal(to)v.吸引

discriminating a.有识别力的，敏锐的 representative n.代表，代理

authorize v.授权 negotiate v.洽谈 in reply 兹答复

inform v.通知，告知

be connected with 与--有联系 appreciate v.感激，感谢 rush v.赶紧（做），抓紧（做）place an order with---向--订购 C&F(cost & freight)成本加运费价 T/T(telegraphic transfer)电汇

D/P(document．nbspagainst payment)付款交单 D/A(document．nbspagainst acceptance)承兑交单C.O(certificate of origin)一般原产地证

G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制 CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)纸箱

PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、个、支等 DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元 DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打

PKG(package)一包，一捆，一扎，一件等 WT(weight)重量

G.W.(gross weight)毛重 N.W.(net weight)净重

C/D(customs declaration)报关单 EA(each)每个，各 W(with)具有 w/o(without)没有 FAC(facsimile)传真 IMP(import)进口 EXP（export）出口

MAX(maximum)最大的、最大限度的 MIN(minimum)最小的，最低限度 M 或MED(medium)中等，中级的 M/V（merchant vessel）商船 S.S(steamship)船运

MT或M/T(metric ton)公吨 DOC(document．文件、单据 INT（international）国际的P/L(packing list)装箱单、明细表 INV(invoice)发票 PCT(percent)百分比

REF（reference）参考、查价

EMS（express mail special）特快传递 STL.(style)式样、款式、类型 T或LTX或TX(telex)电传 RMB（renminbi）人民币

S/M（shipping marks）装船标记 PR或PRC(price)价格 PUR(purchase)购买、购货

外贸常用词汇

S/C（sales contract）销售确认书 修理单 repair order L/C（letter of credit）信用证 分订单 call off order

B/L（bill of lading）提单 寄售单 consignment order FOB（free on board）离岸价 样品订单 sample order-------------换货单 swap order

分析证书 certificate of analysis

订购单变更请求 purchase order change request 一致性证书 cettificate of conformity 订购单回复 purchase order response 质量证书 certificate of quality 租用单 hire order

测试报告 test report

备件订单 spare parts order 产品性能报告 product performance report

交货说明 delivery instructions 产品规格型号报告 product specification report 交货计划表 delivery schedule 工艺数据报告 process data report 按时交货 delivery just-in-time 首样测试报告 first sample test report 发货通知 delivery release 价格／销售目录 price ／sales catalogue 交货通知 delivery note 参与方信息 party information 装箱单 packing list

农产品加工厂证书 mill certificate 发盘／报价 offer／quotation 家产品加工厂证书 post receipt 报价申请 request for quote 邮政收据 post receipt

合同 contract

重量证书 weight certificate 订单确认 acknowledgement of order 重量单 weight list 形式发票 proforma invoice 证书 cerificate

部分发票 partial invoice

价值与原产地综合证书

操作说明 operating instructions combined certificate of value adn origin 铭牌 name／product plate

数量证书 certificate of quantity 交货说明请求 request for delivery instructions 质量数据报文 quality data message 订舱申请 booking request 查询 query

装运说明 shipping instructions 查询回复 response to query 托运人说明书(空运)

订购单 purchase order

shipper's letter of instructions(air)制造说明 manufacturing instructions 短途货运单 cartage order(local transport)领料单 stores requisition

待运通知 ready for despatch advice 产品售价单 invoicing data sheet 发运单 despatch order 包装说明 packing instruction

发运通知 despatch advice 内部运输单 internal transport order

商业发票 commercial invoice 直接支付估价申请 direct payment valuation request 贷记单 credit note

直接支付估价单 direct payment valuation

佣金单 commission note 临时支付估价单 rpovisional payment valuation 借记单 debit note

支付估价单 payment valuation

更正发票 corrected invoice 数量估价单 quantity valuation request 合并发票 consolidated invoice 数量估价申请 quantity valuation request 预付发票 prepayment invoice 询价单 enquiry

租用发票 hire invoice 临时支付申请 interim application for payment 税务发票 tax invoice

支付协议 agreement to pay 自用发票 self-billed invoice 意向书 letter of intent 保兑发票 delcredere invoice 订单 order

代理发票 factored invoice 总订单 blanket order 租赁发票 lease invoice

现货订单 sport order 寄售发票 consignment invoice 租赁单 lease order 代理贷记单 factored credit note

紧急订单 rush order

银行转帐指示 instructions for bank transfer

银行汇票申请书 application for banker's draft 托收支付通知书 collection payment advice

银行担保申请书 application for banker's guarantee 银行担保 banker's guarantee

信用证预先通知书 preadvice of a credit 托收单 collection order 付款单 payment order

扩展付款单 extended payment order 多重付款单 multiple payment order 贷记通知书 credit advice

扩展贷记通知书 extended credit advice 借记通知书 debit advice 借记撤消 reversal of debit 贷记撤消 reversal of credit 运费freight 单价 price

码头费wharfage 总值 total value

卸货费landing charges 金额 amount

关税customs duty 净价 net price 印花税stamp duty

含佣价price including commission 港口税port dues

回佣return commission.装运港port of shipment 折扣discount, allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价 wholesale price 目的港port of destination 零售价 retail price

进口许口证import licence 现货价格spot price

出口许口证export licence 期货价格forward price

现行价格（时价）current price prevailing price 国际市场价格 world(International)Market price 离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board 成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freight

到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）

CIF-cost,insurance and freight 全程运单 house waybill 主提单 master bill of lading 提单 bill of lading

正本提单 bill of lading original 副本提单 bill of lading copy

外贸常用词汇

空集装箱提单 empty container bill 油轮提单 tanker bill of lading 海运单 sea waybill

内河提单 inland waterway bill of lading 分段计费单证 recharging document． 公路托运单 road cosignment note 空运单 air waybill

主空运单 master air waybill 分空运单 substitute air waybill

国人员物品申报 crew's effects declaration 乘客名单 passenger list

铁路运输交货通知 delivery notice(rail transport)邮递包裹投递单 despatch note(post parcels)运费发票 freight invoice

货物到达通知 arrival notice(goods)无法交货的通知

notice of circumstances preventing delvery(goods)无法运货通知

notice of circumstances preventing transport(goods)交货通知 delivery notice(goods)载货清单 cargo manifest

载货运费清单 freight manifest 公路运输货物清单 bordereau 集装箱载货清单

container manifes(unit packing list)铁路费用单 charges note 托收通知 advice of collection

船舶安全证书 safety of ship certificate

无线电台安全证书 safety of radio certificate 设备安全证书 safety of equipment certificate 油污民事责任书 civil liability for oil certificate 载重线证书 loadline document． 免于除鼠证书 derat document．

航海健康证书 maritime declaration of health 船舶登记证书 certificate of registry

船用物品申报单 ship's stores declaration

出口许可证申请表 export licence, application 出口许可证 export licence 出口信贷 export credit 出口津贴 export subsidy 商品倾销 dumping

外汇倾销 exchange dumping 优惠关税 special preferences 保税仓库 bonded warehouse

贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制 import quotas 自由贸易区 free trade zone

对外贸易值 value of foreign trade

国际贸易值 value of international trade

普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-GSP 不允许／允许分批装船

partial shipment not allowed ／ partial shipment not permitted ／ 最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT 交货delivery

轮船steamship(缩写S.S)装运、装船shipment

租船charter(the chartered ship)交货时间 time of delivery 定程租船voyage charter 装运期限time of shipment 定期租船time charter

托运人（一般指出口商）shipper, consignor 收货人consignee

班轮regular shipping liner 驳船lighter

舱位shipping space 油轮tanker

报关clearance of goods 陆运收据cargo receipt

提货to take delivery of goods 空运提单airway bill 正本提单original BL

选择港（任意港）optional port 选港费optional charges 选港费由买方负担

optional charges to be borne by the Buyers或 optional charges for Buyers’ account 一月份装船

shipment during January 或 January shipment 一月底装船

shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st.一/二月份装船

shipment during Jan./Feb.或 Jan./Feb.shipment 在......(时间)分两批装船

shipment during....in two lots 在......(时间)平均分两批装船

shipment during....in two equal lots 分三个月装运 in three monthly shipments 分三个月，每月平均装运

in three equal monthly shipments 立即装运 immediate shipments 即期装运 prompt shipments 收到信用证后30天内装运

shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C

partial shipment订单 indent

订货；订购 book;booking 电复 cable reply 实盘 firm offer 递盘 bid;bidding 递实盘 bid firm 还盘 counter offer 发盘（发价）offer 发实盘 offer firm

询盘（询价）inquiry;enquiry 指示性价格 price indication 速复 reply immediately 参考价 reference price习惯做法 usual practice

交易磋商 business negotiation 不受约束 without engagement 业务洽谈 business discussion 有效期限 time of validity 有效至 valid till

购货合同 purchase contract 销售合同 sales contract

购货确认书 purchase confirmation 销售确认书 sales confirmation

一般交易条件 general terms and conditions 以未售出为准 subject to prior sale

需经卖方确认 subject to seller’s confirmation

需经我方最后确认 subject to our final confirmation INT(拍卖auction)寄售consignment

招标invitation of tender 投标submission of tender 一般代理人agent

总代理人general agent 代理协议agency agreement

累计佣金accumulative commission 补偿贸易

compensation trade（或抵偿贸易）compensating/compensatory trade 来料加工processing on giving materials 来料装配assembling on provided parts 独家经营/专营权exclusive right

独家经营/包销/代理协议exclusivity agreement 独家代理 sole agency;sole agent;exclusive agency;品质 quality

原样 original sample 规格 specifications 复样 duplicate sample 说明 description

对等样品 countersample 标准 standard type

参考样品 reference sample 商品目录 catalogue 封样 sealed sample 宣传小册 pamphlet 公差 tolerance 货号 article No.花色（搭配）assortment 样品 sample

代表性样品 representative sample

大路货（良好平均品质）fair average quality 索赔 claim 争议disputes 罚金条款 penalty 仲裁arbitration

不可抗力 force Majeure 仲裁庭arbitral tribunal

产地证明书certificate of origin

品质检验证书 inspection certificate of quanlity 重量检验证书

inspection certificate of weight(quantity)**商品检验局

**commodity inspection bureau(*.C.I.B)品质、重量检验证书 inspection certificate 个数 number 净重 net weight 容积 capacity

毛作净 gross for net 体积 volume 皮重 tare

毛重 gross weight

溢短装条款 more or less clause 外汇 foreign exchange 法定贬值 devaluation 外币 foreign currency 法定升值 revaluation 汇率 rate of exchange 浮动汇率floating rate

国际收支 balance of payments 硬通货 hard currency 直接标价 direct quotation 软通货 soft currency

间接标价 indirect quotation

金平价 gold standard 买入汇率 buying rate 通货膨胀 inflation 卖出汇率 selling rate 固定汇率 fixed rate

金本位制度 gold standard 黄金输送点 gold points 铸币平价 mint par

纸币制度 paper money system

国际货币基金 international monetary fund

黄金外汇储备 gold and foreign exchange reserve 汇率波动的官定上下限

official upper and lower limits of fluctuatio