第一篇：牛津英语7A Unit 6 基础训练
龙文教育2012年中考英语一轮复习讲义
牛津英语7A Unit 6 基础训练
一、重点词组
1.一场时装表演
3.在20世纪 _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
2.来自不同时期的衣服
_________________
4.来自20世纪90年代的衣服 _________________ 6.看起来既神气又时髦
_________________ _________________ 5.看起来五彩缤纷 7.穿着一双运动鞋 9.上个周五
8.做一场关于…的有趣讲座
10.留着20世纪90年代的发型 _________________ 12.运动鞋演变的一生
_________________ 11.想为…募集钱财
二、句型结构
1.My shoes are made of leather.(be made of 表示“由…制成”，能看出原材料)
看不出原材料用 be made from
1)这张桌子是由玻璃和木头制成的。
This table ________ _________ _________ glass and wood.2)书本是由木头制成的。
Books _________ _________ _________ wood.3)这款轿车是南京制造的。
This kind of car ________ ________ ________ Nanjing.4)这块蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
This cake _________ _________ _________ my mother.5)巧克力被制成了一辆玩具车。The chocolate __________ _________ _________ a toy car.2.Simon looked colorful.(归纳look的用法)1)米莉今天看起来如何？
很开心。________ _________ Millie look?
She _________ ________.2)这个钟看起来像一只猫。
This clock ___________ ___________ a cat.3)他不得不照顾他的妈妈。
He has to _________ _________ his mother.4)请看黑板，你看到什么了？ Please _________ _________ the blackboard.What can you see? 5)你在干嘛？ 我正在找我的钢笔。What are you doing?
I’m __________ __________ my pen.三、难点语法
1.一般过去时
我们用一般过去时来谈论过去发生的事情。
一般过去时中通常用以下的时间状语:
yesterday;last night;a month ago;yesterday afternoon;last week;ten years ago
一般过去时的构成一般在规则动词的原形后加 ‘-ed’
1)大部分动词后加 ‘-ed’
e.g.walk → walked
龙文教育2012年中考英语一轮复习讲义
2)以 ‘ e’ 结尾的动词后加 ‘-d’
e.g.live → lived
3)以辅音字母加 ‘-y’ 结尾的动词，把 ‘y’ 变成 ‘i’ 加 ‘-ed’
e.g.try → tried
4)以一个辅音字母结尾，重读闭音节的动词，双写最后一个辅音字母加 ‘-ed’
e.g.stop → stopped
5)不规则动词的过去式用心去背诵
1)四年前我们全家搬到了南京。
My family ________ ________ four years ago.2)你是什么时候遇见他的？ 上周。________ ________ you ________ him? I ______ him last week.3)昨天谁生病了？ 吉姆。
_________ _________ ill yesterday? Jim _________.4)昨天米莉没有做数学家庭作业。Millie ________ _________ her Maths homework.5)去年你在学校篮球队吗？ 不。我堂弟在。
_________ you at school basketball team last year?
No, I ________.My cousin _____ in.2.事件的排列顺序
我们可以用一些副词来表示事件的顺序。First, then, next, afterwards, finally
下面的五句话是西蒙上周五地活动。用一般过去时按正确的顺序排列。
a)do the show on the catwalk
b)go home
c)dress up in white trousers
d)talk to Kitty
e)choose what to wear
第二篇：成人高考高起点《英语》基础训练
一、语音知识（共5小题;每题1、5分，共7、5分。）
在下列每组单词中，有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读音不同。找出这个词，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边括弧里。
（）
1、A、across B、away C、agree D、able
（）
2、A、training B、brain C、remain D、said
（）
3、A、cow B、throw C、low D、own
（）
4、A、pleasure B、sure C、Russia D、procession
（）
5、A、till B、wide C、polite D、decide
二、词汇与语法知识（共25小题;每题1、5分，共37、5分。）
从每小题的四个选择项中，选出最佳的一项，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边的括弧里。
（）
6、The flowers in our school _______ the beauty of our campus、A、add B、add to C、add up to D、add up
（）
7、The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him _______、A、not to B、not to do C、not do it D、do not to
（）
8、She thought I was talking about her daughter，______，in fact，I was talking about my daughter、A、whom B、where C、which D、while
（）
9、You don‘t need to describe her、I _______ her several times、A、had met B、have met C、met D、meet
（）
10、Can you believe that in _______ a rich country _______ there should be many poor people？
A、such;such B、such;so C、so;so D、so;such
（）
11、Paul doesn‘t have to be made ________、He always works hard、A、learn B、to learn C、learned D、learning
（）
12、—There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well、—It _______ a comfortable journey、A、can‘t be B、shouldn’t be C、mustn‘t have been D、couldn’t have been
（）
13、If by any chance someone comes to see me，ask them to leave a _______、A、message B、letter C、sentence D、notice
（）
14、_______，Mother will wait for him to have dinner together、A、However late is he B、However he is late
C、However is he late D、However late he is
（）
15、Alice，why didn‘t you come yesterday？
I，but I had an unexpected visitor、A、had B、would C、was going to D、did
（）
16、—Who is Jerry Cooper？
— _______？ I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting、A、Don‘t you meet him yet B、Hadn’t you met him yet
C、Didn‘t you meet him yet D、Haven’t you met him yet
（）
17、We agreed ________ here but so far she hasn‘t turned up yet、A、having met B、meeting C、to meet D、to have met
（）
18、What did you think of her speech？
She _______for one hour but didn‘t _______ much、A、spoke;speak B、spoke;say C、said;speak D、said;say
（）
19、After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _______ he grew
up as a child、A、which B、where C、that D、when
（）20、As she _______ the newspaper，Granny ________ asleep、A、read;was falling B、was reading;fell
C、was reading;was falling D、read;fell
（）
21、How beautifully she sings！I have never heard ________、A、the better voice B、a good voice
C、the best voice D、a better voice
（）
22、Wait till you are more ________、It‘s better to be sure than sorry、A、inspired B、satisfied C、calm D、certain
（）
23、—Hi，Tracy，you look tired、—I am tired、I _______ the living room all day、A、painted B、had painted C、have been painting D、have painted
（）
24、—How was your recent visit to Qingdao？
—It was great、We visited some friends，and spent the _______ days at the seaside、A、few last sunny B、last few sunny
C、last sunny few D、few sunny last
（）
25、I first met Lisa three years ago、She ________ at a radio shop at the time、A、has worked B、was working C、had been working D、had worked
（）
26、—When can I come for the photos？ I need them tomorrow afternoon、—They _______ be ready by 12：00、A、can B、should C、might D、need
（）
27、Yesterday Alice ________ a wallet on her way to school、A、picked up B、picked out C、throw away D、kick away
（）
28、While standing there，the nice girl found the stranger‘s eyes _______ her、A、fixed up B、looked at C、stared at D、glared at
（）
29、_______ we‘ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather、A、If B、Whether C、That D、Where
（）30、The girl cried out： “I ________ go out today、”
A、had better not to B、had rather not
C、would rather not to D、would rather not
三、完形填空（共20小题;每题1、5分，共30分。）
通读下面的短文，掌握其大意。从每小题的四个选项中选出可填入相应空白处的最佳选择，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边括号里。
If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago，we should probably have to say that we could not remember、But if we had kept a book and written in it an account of _31_ each day，we should be able to give an answer _32_ the question、It is the same in the history、_33_ have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them、Sometimes men _34_ a record of the important happenings in _35_ country，_36_ often it was destroyed by fire or in a war、Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people _37_ did not know how to write、For example，we know _38_ the people who lived in China 4，000 years ago，because they could write and _39_ written records for these who live _40_ them、But we know _41_ nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in Central Africa，because they _42_、Sometimes，of course，even if the people cannot write，they may know something of the past、They have learned about it from _43_ people，and often songs and dances and stories have been made about the most important happenings，and these have been sung and acted and told _44_ many generations（後代）。Most people are proud to tell _45_ their fathers did in the past、This we may call “remembered history”。_46_ has now been written down、It is not so exact _47_ so valuable to us _48_ written history is，because words are much more easily _49_ when used again and again in speech than copied in writing、But _50_ no written records，such spoken stories are often very helpful、（）
31、A、what to do B、what we did C、how to do D、how we did
（）
32、A、for B、in C、on D、to
（）
33、A、all things B、Many things C、More D、Much
（）
34、A、did keep B、should keep C、would keep D、were keeping
（）
35、A、our B、your C、their D、his
（）
36、A、still B、but C、even D、or
（）
37、A、when and where B、of when and where
C、that time and place D、of that time and place
（）
38、A、a good deal about B、a lot of about
C、many D、much
（）
39、A、left B、gave C、leave D、send
（）40、A、before B、after C、later D、for
（）
41、A、almost B、most C、at most D、mostly
（）
42、A、have not learned to write B、have learned to write
C、had learned how to write D、had not learned to write
（）
43、A、older B、the oldest C、outside D、most
（）
44、A、by B、about C、for D、within
（）
45、A、how B、which C、that D、what
（）
46、A、Some of it B、Some of them C、All of it D、Many of them
（）
47、A、and B、or C、yet D、even
（）
48、A、as B、that C、such D、so
（）
49、A、moved B、forgotten C、recited D、changed
（）50、A、where B、there
C、where there are D、where they are
四、阅读理解（共15小题;每题2分，共30分。）
阅读下列短文，然后根据短文的内容从每小题的四个选择项中选出最佳的一项，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边的括弧里。
A
First there was learning、This has always been an important part of human life、By imitating their parents，children learned to hunt，to make tools，and to take care of themselves and others、Next came education、This was possible only after people developed language、Then adults could explain how to do things、They could talk about traditions，beliefs，and ceremonies of the group、Still，education was oral、Children could learn only what their teachers could remember、Finally，schools were created、They came into being because writing was invented、The first system for writing appeared about 3，500 B、C、in Sumeria，a land that is now Iraq、The Sumerians also invented a system for calculating with numbers、About 500 years later，the Egyptians discovered writing and calculation，too、And shortly after that，both the Sumerians and the Egyptians started schools、Being able to read and write they allowed people to learn anything that could be recorded、But the early systems were complicated、Children couldn‘t learn them just by watching、That’s why schools became a necessity、Those first students learned reading，writing，and calculation、Having these skills gave people great power over those who did not have them、Some 5，000 years later，this is still true、（）
51、The main idea of this article is that schools ________、A、had great power B、became necessary for learning
C、taught children to hunt D、developed language
（）
52、You can decide from the article that schools have ________、A、made education difficult B、held back learning
C、imitated parents D、advanced human skills
（）
53、What happened before Egyptians discovered calculation？
A、Egyptians discovered writing、B、Egyptians started schools、C、Sumerians invented writing、D、Sumerians started schools、（）
54、Education became possible only with the development of _______、A、learning B、language C、calculation D、clocks
B
Once a landlord wanted to plant garlic in his fields、He found a group of boys and asked them to do the work for him、At lunch time he did not invite the boys to have lunch with his family、The boys had to sit by the door and have lunch on the ground、The landlord was afraid that other people would see the bad food for the boys、So with a smile on his face he said to them： “Boys，go and eat in the house、This is for your food、If you eat here by the door，the dogs will bite you、” The boys were surprised、But they said nothing and went to eat in the house、The landlord was quite pleased、Supper time came and the boys went into the house again、When they walked past the landlord‘s room，they looked in through the window、What do you think they saw there？ They saw a big table with white bread and all kinds of good food on it、The landlord and his family were sitting around the table and eating their dinner、But the food for the boys was bad、The boys were very angry、They wanted to teach the landlord a lesson、So they decided to plant his garlic upside down、And that was what they did the next day、A few days later the garlic was coming out everywhere but not in the landlord‘s fields、The landlord was very surprised and asked the boys why this was so、“The garlic is afraid that the dogs will bite it，” the boys answered、（）
55、The landlord asked the boys to come because ________、A、he wanted them to plant garlic for him
B、he wanted to invite them to have lunch with his family
C、he wanted to tell them to sit by the door
D、he wanted them to plant vegetables for him
（）
56、The landlord asked the boys to eat in the house because _______、A、he was afraid the dog would eat their food
B、he was afraid the dog would bite them
C、he thought other people would see the bad food for the boys
D、he was afraid the boys would play with the dog
（）
57、The next day the boys planted the landlord‘s garlic upside down because _______、A、they did not know how to plant it
B、they wanted to teach the landlord a lesson
C、they were afraid the dogs would bite it
D、they made a mistake
（）
58、A few days later the landlord‘s garlic did not come out because ________、A、the garlic was afraid the dogs would bite it
B、the boys had planted it upside down
C、the boys had not planted it at all
D、the boys had not watered it
C
The International Olympic Committee（IOC）said on February 9 it would award its highest honour to Arthur Ashe，the tennis star and human rights fighter who died on February 6 of AIDS、He was
49、The award，called the Olympic Order，is awarded to sportsmen and others for service to the Olympics and its principled、Ashe never participated in the Olympics，but IOC president Juan Antonio Samaranch said： “I think he was really a thorough Olympian、”
Ashe is the first black man to win Wimbledon and the only black to win the Australian US open titles、Last April 8，he announced he had AIDS，which he got from a blood transfusion during a heart operation in 1983、Ashe often worked for racial equality in and out of sports、He said the happiest moment of his life was not winning Wimbledon，but when Nelson Mandela—South Africa‘s antiapartheid（反種族隔離的）leader—was freed from jail in 1990、A quote from Ashe： “I have good days and bad days、My ratio of good days to bad days is about six to one、”
（）
59、The underlined word “award” in the first paragraph means “________”。
A、send a telegraph B、give a prize
C、congratulate somebody D、be in memory of somebody
（）60、Arthur Ashe ________、A、won Olympic gold medals in tennis
B、took part in several Olympic Games
C、was a famous sportsman in the Olympic Games which was held in South Africa
D、had not been in any Olympic games
（）61、________ made Ashe happier than anything else、A、Nelson Mandela‘s freedom
B、Winning the Australian US open titles
C、Juan Antonio Samaranch‘ s congratulation
D、His good days in his life
（）62、Which is correct？
A、There were as many good days in his life as bad days、B、His good days were equal to his bad days、C、He had more good days in all his life than bad days、D、He had six good days in all his life、D
For some time past，it has been widely accepted that babies—and other creatures—learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards”，there is no reason to doubt that this is true、But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards，at least in the early time，had to be directly connected to such basic physiological “drives” as thirst or hunger、In other words，a baby would learn if he needed food or drink or some sort of physical comfort，not otherwise、It is now clear that this is not so、Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except success in sight、Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward” the babies and so teach them to carry out some movements，such as turning the head to one side or the other、Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making，the learned response with clear signs of pleasure、So he began to study the children‘s responses in situations where no milk was provided、He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “turned on” some lights—and indeed that they were able to learn some more turns to bring about this result，for example，two left or two right，or even to make as many as three turns to one side、Papousek‘ s light experiment was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the light closely although they would “smile and speak” when the light was on、Papousek concluded that it was not the sight of the lights which pleased them、It was the success they were achieving in solving the problem，in mastering the skill，and then there is a basic human nature to make sense of the world and bring it under control、（）63、According to the writer，babies learn to do things which _______、A、will satisfy their surprise B、will meet their physical needs
C、are directly connected to pleasure D、will bring them a feeling of success
（）64、Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby _________、A、would make learned responses when it saw the milk
B、would continue the simple movements without being given milk
C、would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink
D、would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink
（）65、The babies would “smile and speak” at the lights because ________、A、they succeeded in “turning on” the lights
B、the sight of lights was interesting
C、they need not turn back to watch the lights
D、the lights were directly connected to some basic “drives”
五、补全对话（共5句;每句满分为3分，共15分。）
根据中文提示，将对话中缺少的内容下在线上。这些句子必须符合英语表达习惯。打句号的地方，用陈述句;打问号的地方，用疑问句。
提示：Joe和Henry谈起报上的一篇文章，Henry问什么报，什么文章。他没用读完这篇文章，但标识下午要读，然后告别。
Joe ：Hi，have you read today‘s newspaper？
Henry：_________66___________？
Joe ：The People‘s Daily、Henry：________67__________、But I only looked through it while having lunch、Joe ：Did you notice an interesting article？
Henry：___________68___________？
Joe ：About air pollution、Henry：________69__________、On which page？
Joe ：On page
5、At the bottom、Henry：Good、I‘ll read it this afternoon、Joe ：Don‘t forget to tell me what you think after reading it、Henry：Sure、__________70__________、Joe ：See you、六、书面表达（共30分）
写一篇记述在海滨度周末的日记，内容包括以下几点：初夏，风和日丽;有很多游人和小船，我门捡贝壳（shell）;日光浴（sun bathe）玩得很愉快。
注意：（1）行文要流暢;
（2）要符合日记的格式;
（3）词数为100左右。
參考答案
一、语音知识
1、D
2、D
3、A
4、A
5、A
二、词汇与语法知识
6、A
7、A
8、D
9、B
10、B
11、B
12、D13、A
14、D
15、C
16、D
17、C
18、B
19、B20、B
21、D
22、D
23、C
24、B
25、B
26、B27、A
28、C
29、B 30、D
三、完形填空
31、B
32、D
33、B
34、A
35、C
36、B
37、D38、A
39、C 40、B
41、A
42、D
43、A
44、C45、D
46、A
47、B
48、A
49、D 50、C
四、阅读理解
51、B
52、D
53、C
54、B
55、A
56、C
57、B58、B
59、B 60、D 61、A 62、C 63、D 64、B65、A
五、补全对话
76、Which one（do you mean）
77、Yes，I did78、What article / What is it about79、Sorry，I didn‘t80、See you later
六、书面表达
June 18，2002，Saturday Fine
Yesterday some of my classmates and I spent our weekend at the seaside、It was sunny and a little hot，but the water was too cool to swim in、The sea was blue and calm、It shone merrily under the bright sun、There were boats floating here and there、People in them laughed and sang happily、We took off our shoes and went into the cool water、We walked along the beach in the water、Some girls looked for shells on the shore、Then we lay down and bathed in the sun or played games until it was time to go home、We all enjoyed a pleasant time at the seaside、
第三篇：牛津英语目录
第一级：300生词量，适合小学、初一学生，共8本。
1、《爱情与金钱》Love or Money? by Romena Akinyemi
【下载此书，含全英文版及英汉对照版】
2、《苏格兰玛丽女王》Mary Queen of Scots by Tim Vicary
【下载此书，含英文版及英汉对照版】
3、《在月亮下面》Under the Moon by Romena Akinyemi
【下载此书，含英文版及英汉对照版】
4、《潘德尔的巫师》The Witches of Pendle by Rowena Akinyemi
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5、《歌剧院的幽灵》The Phantom of the Opera by Jennifer Bassett
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6、《猴爪》The Monkey's Paw by W.W.Jacobs
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7、《象人》The Elephant Man by Tim Vicary
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8、《世界上最冷的地方》The Coldest Place On Earth by Tim Vicary
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第二级：600生词量，适合初一学生，8本
1、《威廉·莎士比亚》 William Shakespeare by Jannifer Bassett
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2、《一个国王的爱情故事》 The Love of a King by Peter Dainty
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3、《亡灵岛》Dead Man's Island by John Escott
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4、《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain
【下载汉英对照书虫版】 【下载英文原版】
5、《鲁宾孙漂流记》 Robinson Cruso by Daniel Defoe
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
6、《爱丽丝漫游奇境记》Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
7、《格林·盖布尔斯来的安妮》Anne of Green Gables by LM
Montgomery
【下载汉英对照书虫版】 【下载英文原版】
8、《五个孩子和沙精》Five Children and It by Edith Nesbit
【下载汉英对照书虫版】
第三级：1000生词量，适合初二学生，分上册7本，下册8本
上册：
1、《弗兰肯斯坦》Frankenstein by Mary Shelley
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
2、《野性的呼唤》The Call of the Wild by Jack London
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
3、《秘密花园》The Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
4、《曾达的囚徒》The Prisoner of Zenda by Anthony Hope
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
5、《爱丽丝镜中世界奇遇记》Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
6、《风语河岸柳》The Wind in the Willow by Kenneth Grahame
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
7、《神秘幻想故事集》Tales of Mystery and Imagination by Edgar Allan Poe
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
下册：
1、《圣诞欢歌》A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
2、《多里安·格雷的画像》The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
3、《勃朗特一家的故事》The Bronte Story by Tim Vicary
【下载汉英对照书虫版】
4、《牙齿和爪子》Tooth And Claw by Saki
【下载汉英对照书虫版】
5、《星际动物园》 The Star Zoo by Harry Gilbert
【下载汉英对照书虫版】
6、《诱拐》Kidnapped by Robert Stevenson
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
7、《公正》
8、《化学秘密》Chemical Secret by Tim Vicary
【下载汉英对照书虫版】
第四级：1500生词量，适合初三学生，分上册5本，下册6本
上册：
1、《巴斯克维尔猎犬》The Hound of the Baskervilles by Arthur Conan Doyle
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
2、《不平静的坟墓》 The Unquiet Grave by M.R.James
【下载汉英对照书虫版】
3、《三怪客泛舟记》 Three Men in a Boat by Jerome K.Jerome
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
4、《三十九级台阶》The Thirty Nine Steps by John Buchan
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
5、《小妇人》Little Women by Louisa May Alcott
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
下册：
1、《黑骏马》 Black Beauty by Anna Sewell
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
2、《织工马南》 Silas Marner by George Eliot
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
3、《双城记》A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
4、《格列佛游记》Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
5、《金银岛》Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
6、《化身博士》 Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
第五级：2000生词量，适合高一学生，共4本。
1、《远大前程》Great Expectations by Charles Dickens
【下载书虫版版】【下载英文原版】
2、《大卫·科波菲尔》David Copperfield by Charles Dickens
【下载书虫版版】【下载英文原版】
3、《呼啸山庄》Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte
【下载书虫版】【下载英文原版】
4、《远离尘嚣》Far From The Madding Crowd by Thomas Hardy
【下载书虫版】【下载英文原版】
第六级：2300生词量，适合高
二、高三学生，共4本。
1、《简·爱》Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte
【下载英文原版+法语版】
2、《雾都孤儿》Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens
【下载汉英对照书虫版】【下载英文原版】
3、《傲慢与偏见》
【下载中英对照书虫版】 【下载英文原版】
4、《苔丝》Tess of the D’urbervilles by Thomas Hardy
【下载书虫版】【下载英文原版】
第四篇：小学牛津英语
《小学牛津英语》的特点结构体系及其教学方法
1．启蒙阶段的《牛》
1）激发兴趣、感受英语、培养习惯
刚进入小学学习的孩子在注意力，记忆力，观察力，认识能力及学习能力方尚不能适应学校的习生活。他们好动，欢说，表现欲强，对新鲜事物感兴趣，但注意力持续不长久。外语对他们是一门完全陌生的学课，刚开始他们会觉得新鲜，如果一开始不注意教学方法
一味强调学习的目的性，要求他们做到这做到的积极性
不利于以后的那，必定会给他们的学习带来压力，影响他们学习外学习。因此我们把“启蒙阶段”的学习目标定为“激发学习兴趣，感受英语，养成良好的学习习惯，让他们喜欢
英语”。根据这一目标，首先在课文的安排上，是把孩子们最感兴趣的话题作为课文内容，如My body, My family, My room, My ability, Play time, New Year, Small animal, Birthday party等等。每课配上Let's act, Let's talk, Let's learn, 以及Let's play 和 Let's enjoy。加上课文中简单的句子，和美丽的图画，让学生学习日常生活中基本的语言表达。如I like…, Give me…, Look at…, Go to…, I am…, You are…, I can…, I see…等等。这些句子学习以后马上可在生活中运用，所
只要经过老师适当的引导，创设一定的情景，学生说英语的积极性即会表现出来。应该说明的是所有的学习内容没有语法要求，只要求学生听听说说，模仿操练，提供活动平台。只是到二年级才有少量的书写。因为“启蒙阶段”的教材这一特点，教材提供的形式生动活泼，有说
有问答，有唱，表演，所以只要老师注意方法，根据不同的学生情况，合理安排教学内容，充分激发学生的学习兴趣，调动他们的学习潜力，定会达到预定目的。
2）老师应是准确
言的传播者
应该注意的是，虽然一、二年级课文的语言要求简单，但从让学生感受英语，培养他们良好学习习惯上讲，老师应该十分注意语言输出和输入的准确性。为此首先是要求老师有准确的语言表达能力，包括单词和句子的正确朗读。如果可能，单词朗读可以演为单词的拼读，这样可让学生为以后的词汇学习打下基础。而句子的朗读应注意意群停顿及升降调，从一开始就培养学生良好的朗读习惯。另外，儿歌的朗诵除了要求语音语调准确外，还应该注意朗读的节奏感，让学生觉得有趣，朗读起来朗朗上口，以至喜欢读。此外，语速的快慢变化，朗读时的变声，都调动学生学习兴的好办法。很简单的学习内容可以通过变化创造出精彩的学习形式，起到事半功倍的效果。另外学生的学习能力各有不同，老师应十分注意利用他们的非智力因素，发挥他们的特长，引发他们的学习兴趣。需要说明的是，一、二年级学生的英语测试应以听说为主，以直观的画画连连形式为辅，千万不能把成人的考试模式用在他们身上。我们
目的只要他们喜欢学英语，有了这第一步，以后的路就好走了。
2．入门阶段的《牛》
进入小学三年级，学生的学习习惯和学习能力以及自控能力有了明显的改善，他们的外语学习进入了一个新的阶段，此时的外语教学应该体现外语学习的规律“循环、重复、积累、提高”。为此，从三年级起《牛》教材的“建筑模块”体系就是遵循这一规律安排的。上面已就这一体系的情况作了分析。应该说明的是三年级《牛》的教学可分为两种情况。一种是以三年级为起始年级，即零起点学英语，另一种是已有一、二年级基础学生学英语。
1）“零起点”的教学安排
因为没有一、二年级“启蒙”阶段的经历和准备，对零起点学生来说他们对英语学习没有感性认识，们对外语学习的认识仅仅停留在好奇和有趣的情况中。此时他们学英语会有一时的习冲动和积极性。因此，老师要十分注意把握好教学安排和教学要求，千方百计地保护好学生的积极性，引导好他们的学习兴趣，让他们觉得外语学习不但有趣，还很有用，认识到虽然外语学习对他们有一定的困难，但经过努力完全能学习好。千万不能要求初学英语的三年级学生一开始立即进入全面学习的要求。如果一下子学习内容多，学习形式过于多样化，他们会适应不了，再加上考试和太多的作业会让他们觉得困难，结果是学生一开始有的兴趣和积极性会丧失殆尽，学习动力无从谈起。解决好这部分学生的情况，一方面老师要在认真分析教材的基础上，学会根据学生实际情况对每个Unit的内容做出主次之分，并作必要的删减，以便在教学中突出重，在有限的教学时间中，让学生达到基本要求。另方面在这一阶段，老师千万要用好教学手段，努力用学生喜闻乐见的方法，把学习变成生动活泼的活动，激发学生参与教学，努力把教学内容体现在这些活动中。下面以3A M1 U4 “Saying and doing”为例，作具体的分析说明。
《小学牛津英语》的特点结构体系及其教学方法
本课中包括的教学内容有：Say a rhyme, Now Listen!Learn the letters, Look and learn, Say and act, Ask and answer, Say and act 和Make a play八个栏目。这么多的教学内容对三年级刚开始学外语的学生来说内容是多了。为解决这一矛盾，我们可以作如下调整。把Say a rhyme删去，因为儿歌中涉及到oneten十个数词，虽然可能不一定达到四会要求，但对这十个数词一点不陌生。这样他们在学Say a rhyme不会有困难。相反通过这首儿歌学
可以复习单词，起到温故而知新的作用。如果老师引导得得当，配上相应的动作，学生在说说做做的活动中学习积极性定会提高，并激发起他们的表现欲，产生成就感。
接下去的Look and learn 和Say and act及Ask and answer是教学中的习得，模仿，运用语的一个完整过程，是本课的主要学习内容，老师应该重点安排好教学时间，通过操练带动学习，让尽可能多的学生参与活动，使不同能力的学生在这个活动中都有练习的机会。在基本掌握Say and act的基础上，可以让学生进入Ask and answer栏目。此栏目要求学生自主完成，先让有能力的学生作示范，带动其他生。也可开展结对或者小组活动，让学生相互帮助，相互补充，使每个学生都有练习的机会。如果有条件，可引导学生在Ask and answer的对话中适当地增加语言输出，扩大对话的内容。
《小学牛津英语》的特点结构体系及其教学方法
例如 Open the window.中加入It is hot.Open the window, please.又如可说：The table is dirty.Clean the table, please.又如Hi, grandma.Close the door, please.等等。总之老师应想方设法调动一切积极因素，创造条件发挥学生的积极性，有了学习积极性他们可能表现出老师意想不到的潜能，产生积极的学习效果。
这里要说明的是课文中Now Listen!栏目可以根据需要安排在不同的教
段，不必拘泥于它在课文中的位置。我们认为本课中的Now Listen放在Make a play（做游戏）之前好，因为听力内容基本上符合游戏要求。总之，虽然《牛》课文已为我们提供了各种形式的栏目，但老师还是可以根据实际情况调整栏目，努力达到最佳的教学效果。
五、《牛》的评价特点
1． 课堂教学的即时反馈
传统的学习评价是通过考试反映学生的成绩，以此了解他们的学习情况。这种方法是我们评价学生学习的主要手段。但小学《牛》为我们提供了一种思路，这就是时反馈学生学习情况的目的，这种方法可让老师在教学中及时了解教学得失，并可随时做出调整，以适应学生需要。这一情况体现在栏目的安排中，我们结合课文重点，在设置栏目时用
同形式，或是要求学生完成的语言练习，或是
达到及时真实地反映学生学习实要求学生进行笔头练习，甚至通过游戏或调查际情况。
以3A M3 U1 My school 为例，整篇课文分两个板块，一是课文学习板块，内容是有关学校的介绍，在学习了相关的句型和词汇后，通过学生指图，听问句作回答的方 法，检查学习
果。另一是复习板块，为此课文安排了一个游戏活动，以此检查学生掌握有关数词和文具名称的单词的掌握情况，这种反馈形式简单易行，又及时，淡化了考查形式，能真实反映学生的实际情况，因此，老师在教中应该注意利用好教材中提供的评价方式。
2.课文结束后的自我评测
《牛》课本的结尾处有Student's self-assessment sheet（学生自我测评）。这一形式是在学生每课学习以后，对学习情况做一自我评估。这一形式强调的是“自我”目的是让学生了解自己在本课中的学习情况，为下一步学习做准备。Self-assessment体现了学生的自主性，它是一种主要的“学习评价”，符合以学生为主体的教学理念。
3.怎样完成“课题”
《牛》在课本后面安排了要
学生独立完成的Project（课题）。“课题”是在学
扩展性内容，把学习内容生完成某一课学习之后，根据课文内容，要求学生完扩展用到实践中去，以检查学生的学习能力和知识拓展能力，这也是一种学习评价形式。Project不是每课都有的，而是为有条件扩展课文设置的。例如学习了Insect（昆虫）要求学生进一步了解不同昆虫的颜色，生活的地方，它们的形态，并从报刊杂志中收集有关图片等等。这些内容超出了学生的认知范围，但学生可以借助图书，电脑寻找有关资料，完成相关练，其目的就是培养学生的学习能
辅助作用，他们力，提出问题，解决问题的能力。在Project活动中，老师仅只是指导鼓励学生，在必要时帮助学生。
《牛》多种形式的评价方法为教学反馈提供了即时信息，老师在结合传统评价的基础上，应用好《牛》中的评价方法，它们结合在教学中，通过这些反馈及时调整教学，并以此为根据为提高课堂效率提供新的思路。
六、《牛》对老师的要求
1．老师应该是组织者和策划者
由于《牛》课文形式和栏目安排的多种化，因此要用好用活这些教学材料，要求老师在教学中当好组
者和策划者，真正贯彻老师为主导，学生为主体的教学
这一教学效原则，使课堂教学处于师生双向交流，互动共进的气氛之中。要达果，老师首先要了解学生，根据学生的特点，充分利用《牛》提供的教学资源，安排好教学环节，创设情景，提供给学生交流的平台，激发学生的学习兴趣，调动他们学习的积极性。例如低年级的学生要
用活动形式。但由于他们年龄小，自控能力差，因此在活动中老师要做好组织协调工作，努力让活动有序进行，只有这样才能达到预期的教学效果。又如进行“入门阶段”学习的学生已有了自主学习能力，此时老师应该组织他们在结对和小组活动中互相启发互相发展，让他们充分发挥自己的才能。
2．老师应较强的语言能力
《牛》强调听说领先，注重学生参与，为此老师应该身体力行做好示范。首先在组织教学中尽量多讲课堂用语，尽量用好用活各种问句，创造好语言环境，努力让学生浸润在英语学习环境中。课堂英语的使用也是一个循环积累的过程，只要老师坚持下去，到完全用英语组织教学并不是一件难事。其次在教学中除了课文中有限的语言要求外，老师应尽可能地加大语言的输入量，让学生尽可能地接受英语，即使一时不能完全明白意思，但也可让他们感受英语。
第五篇：牛津英语7BUnit4-6（范文模版）
牛津英语中考复习过关检测题（7 B Units 4-6）
一.单项选择 9.Please give _________(they)a talk.10.Mike lives _________(near)in Sunshine Town.11.The dinner ________(taste)bad.night.12.We ______(go)on a trip if it _______(not rain)next week.A.in;atB.at;inC.in;inD.at;at 五.句型转换 2..useful information it is!1.We’d better go there by bus.（改为同义句）A.HowB.How aC.WhatD.What a 1)We’d better ______ the bus there.2)We’d better go there ______ the bus.3.That boy doesn't know what 2.Finally the police caught them at the traffic lights.A.doesB.to doC.to do itD.doing
（改为同义句）The police caught them at the traffic lights ______ ______ ______..3.The man used a knife to open the door.A.heB.himC.hisD.himself
（改为同义句）The man _______ the door ________ a knife.5.Tim has bad grades in geography.He is so _________.4.What a wonderful game it is!A.careB.carefulC.carefullyD.careless
（用how改写）_____________________________________________________ 6.I'm good at fishing and I can catch a fishfive minutes.A.withB.withoutC.forD.within 5.I knew the news after he told me.7.We frighten the animals in the park.（改为同义句）I ______ know the news _______ he told me.A.ought toB.ought not toC.willD.should 六．根据中文完成句子.fishing.1．没有你的帮助，我解不出那道数学题． A.instead goB.instead of goingC.instead of goD.instead going
9.The boys are basketball game.I can’t _________ __________ the Maths problem _______ _______ _________.A.interested;interestingB.interested;interestedC.interesting;interestingD.2.扇尾金鱼和其他的金鱼不同． interesting;interested
Fantail goldfish___________ __________ ___________ other goldfish.A.needn't to takeB.don't need takeC.don't need to takeD.needn't taking 3.请轮流朗读这些生词。Please ________ _________ _______ read the words.二.词汇
4.鱼睁着眼睛睡觉吗？Do fish sleep ________ _______ _________ _________？ A)用所给单词的适当形式填空.1.Here are some _____________(brush).2.You ought to ___________(call)me again in a few minutes.3.Miss Joe was _____________(surprise)to find a car behind her when she drove home.4.When the little girl saw the big dog, she was _____________(frighten).5.“Oh, here it is!” Andy said to ___________(he).6.The work is too hard.You can not do it __________(easy).7.Man can’t live __________(with)air or water.8.Jim always gets to school early.It’s __________(usual)for her to be late.5.那个劫匪跳出火车，跑掉了。The robber ________ _______ _______ the train and _________ ________.6.有些人能活到100岁。Some people can _______ _________ ________ 100 years.7.多么好吃的面包啊！_________ ___________ ________ it is!8.这个男孩看起来多么强壮啊！_______ _________ the boy _______!
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