第一篇：美国概况地理人文
The United States of America
美国概况
Geography 美国地理
I.Location and Size A.Name a.the United States of America b.the United States c.the U.S.d.America B.Location The continental United States lies in central North America with Canada(加拿大)to its north, Mexico(墨西哥)and the Gulf of Mexico(墨西哥湾)to its south, the Atlantic Ocean(大西洋)to its east and the Pacific Ocean(太平洋)to its west.The two newest states Alaska(阿拉斯加)and Hawaii(夏威夷)are separated from the continental United States: Alaska borders on northwestern Canada, and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.C.Benefit of its location The United States has an ideal location for trade.Its Atlantic coast faces the developed countries of Western Europe and its Pacific coast and Hawaii give the nation an approach to the Far East(远东)and Australasia(澳大利西亚).In the past the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans served as natural barriers between the United States and the rest of the world.This allowed the United States to grow and become strong with little outside interference.Today with the development of the means of communication and transportation the world has become smaller and the United States is well connected to the rest of the world.D.Land area a.The U.S.has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometers.It is the fourth largest country in the world in size after Russia, Canada and China.b.The U.S.is a federal republic with many states.48 states +Alaska +Hawaii(1959)Alaska: largest Rhode Island: smallest Texas: the largest on the main land Ⅱ.Topography——The Face of the Land A.Two mountain ranges 两大山脉
a.the Appalachian mountains/ the Appalachians 阿巴拉契亚山脉 走向：from the northeast to southwest older, lower noted for forests and mines seven different local names:
阿巴拉契亚山脉在不同地区的七个名称： the Green Mountains 格林山脉 the White Mountains 怀特山脉 the Catskills
卡茨基尔山脉 the Alleghenies
阿勒格民山脉 the Cumberlands
坎伯兰山脉 the Blue Ridge mountains 蓝山山脉 the Great Smokies
大雾山脉
b.the Rocky mountains/ the Rockies 落基山脉 走向：from the northwest of southeast younger, higher——as young as the Himalayas 喜玛拉雅山脉
——the highest peak: the Elbert 坎尔伯特峰
Known as ①the backbone of the North American continent 北美大陆的脊梁
②the Continental Divide 大陆分水岭
The tops of the Rocky Mountain chain form the imaginery north-south line known as the Continental Divide.It separates the major river systems of the United States.The rivers that descend from the eastern slopes of the Rockies flow into the Mississippi and the Gulf of Mexico.Those that begin on the western slopes of the Rockies flow to the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California.B.Rivers and Lakes a.Rivers ① The Mississippi 密西西比河
The Mississippi, lying between the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky Mountains is one of the world’s great continental rivers.The Mississippi proper(干流)rises in the lake region in North Minnesota(明尼苏达州北部)and flows south to the Gulf of Mexico.It is 3,782 kilometres long.②The Missouri 密苏里河
the chief headstream of the Mississippi The Missouri rises in southwest Montana among the Rocky mountains.It runs 3,725 kilometres before it joins the Mississippi at St.Louis.③The Ohio 俄亥俄河
It flows from the rainy east at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and joins the Mississippi at Cairo, Illinois.It is about 1,500 kilometres long.The Ohio River has been called the American Ruhr(after the Ruhr River 鲁尔河in Germany).As in Germany, the area along the river is rich in valuable deposits of high-grade coking coal and is well-known for its steel industry.The river provides cheap water transportation for raw materials.④The Colorado 科罗拉多河
⑤The Columbia 哥伦比亚河：rises in Canada The Colorado River rises in the snow-capped Rocky Mountains.It flows 2,330 kilometres and empties into the Gulf of California(加利福尼亚湾).In the dry western country, both rivers are vital sources of life.The Colorado drains an enormous area.All the farms and cities of the southwestern corner of the country depend on its water.Today a system of dams have been built on the river to supply water and electricity for farms, factories and homes.⑥The Rio Grande River 格兰德河
The Rio Grande River rises in the southern Rocky mountains and flows to the Gulf of Mexico.It is about 3,200 kilometres long and forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States.⑦The Hudson 哈得孙河 ⑧The Potomac 波托马克河 b.Lakes The Great Lakes(五大湖区)：They are all located between Canada and the U.S.except Lake Michigan.①Lake Superior 苏必利尔湖：the largest fresh water lake in the world 全世界第一大淡水湖
② Lake Michigan 密歇根湖：the only one entirely in the U.S.③ Lake Huron 休伦湖 ④ Lake Erie
伊利湖 ⑤ Lake Ontario 安大略湖
The Importance of the Great Lakes 五大湖的重要性
These lakes are joined together by canals and are linked to the Mississippi River and its tributaries in the Interior Plains and the Atlantic Ocean forming a complete system of waterways.The Great Lakes are the economic lifeline of the Midwest.They provide cheap transportation for materials such as iron ore, coal, and grain.The upper lakes region is a land of great natural wealth, whereas the lower lakes region is a land of industries.The cheap and easy transportation between these two regions is of great importance.C.Benefits of the topography of U.S.The United States is a varied land of forests, deserts, mountains, plateaus and fertile plains.①The long and irregular seacoasts provide many excellent harbours.②The mountains are rich in mineral resources.③The fertile gently rolling plains are easy to cultivate.④A large network of lakes and the Atlantic and Gulf rivers links the interior of the country with the coastal cities.⑤Many swift rivers provide good sources of hydroelectric power.The United States is a large country, but no single part of it is isolated from other parts.The topography and the excellent system of internal transportation have made possible the free exchange of goods among all sections of the country.With the increased use of automobiles and airplanes, people now travel easily from one part of the country to another.Ⅲ.Climate 气候
A.Six types of climate ① the humid continental climate 湿润的大陆性气候
in the north-eastern part of the country(New England)② the humid subtropical climate 湿润的亚热带气候
in the south-eastern part ③ the continental steppe climate 大陆性草原气候
the Great Plains ④ the continental desert climate 大陆性沙漠气候
the inter mountain region ⑤ the maritime climate 海洋性气候
the Pacific northwest ⑥ the Mediterranean climate 地中海式气候
the southern part of the Pacific coast in California B.Factors influence the climate of the U.S.Many factor beside latitude influence the climate in the United States.Large bodies of water such as the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, the Gulf of Mexico and the Great Lakes are the most important factors.They keep temperatures moderate in the regions bordering them.Ocean currents also influence the climate over wide regions.The Gulf stream(墨西哥湾暖流), the Labrador Current(拉布拉多寒流), the cool California Current(加利福尼亚寒流)and the Japan current(日本暖流)are the most important ones.The mountain ranges are another factor.For example, the Sierra Nevada and Cascade mountain ranges prevent westerly winds from bringing moisture to the intermountain region of the West.Ⅳ.Geographical Regions 地理区划
Traditionally from the east to west the United States can be divided into seven geographical regions.They are New England, the Middle Atlantic states, the Midwest, the South, the Great Plains, Rockies and Intermountain region or the American West, the Pacific Coast and the New States.①New England 新英格兰
——The birthplace of America 美国的发源地 ——Famous for its position in education: Yale 耶鲁大学 Harvard 哈佛大学
the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)麻省理工学院
——New Englanders were originally known as Yankees(杨基佬), which came to stand for all Americans.②The Middle Atlantic States 大西洋中部各州 ——a highly industrialized area the nerve centre of the country 全国的神经中枢 ——Famous cities: Washington D.C., New York ③The Midwest 中西部
——It’s America’s most important agricultural area
It is also a major manufacturing region and the nation’s leading centre of heavy industry.——Chicago 芝加哥
Detroit 底特律: the automobile capital of the world Toledo and Cleveland 托莱多和克利夫兰（俄亥俄州）
St.Louis 圣·路易丝
Omaha 奥马哈：the agricultural capital of the United States ④The South 南部
——rich in mineral resources ——one of the richest oil-producing regions in the world ——Florida 佛罗里达
⑤The American West 美国西部 ——3 parts: the Great Plains
the Rocky Mountains
the Intermountain Basin and Plateaus ——Colorado 科罗拉多：the steel city of the west Denver 丹佛
——Mining is the chief industry in the Rocky Mountains.Another important industry is the tourist trade(旅游业)National Parks: 国家公园
①Yellowstone National Park: 黄石国家公园 ②Rocky Mountain National Park: 落基山国家公园 ③Glacier National Park: 冰川国家公园 ——Hoover Dam 胡佛水坝
——the Grand Canyon 科罗拉多大峡谷
⑥The region of the Pacific Coast 太平洋沿岸地区 ——California’s Imperial Valley 帝国山谷 ——Los Angeles 洛杉矶
San Francisco 旧金山 Portland 波特兰 Seattle 西雅图 ⑦Alaska and Hawaii ——Geographical differences between Alaska and Hawaii a.Alaska extends northward into the Arctic Circle, and Hawaii extends southward into the Tropic of Cancer.b.Alaska has the largest land area of all the states, and Hawaii has one of the smallest land areas.c.Alaska is rich in natural resources, and Hawaii has rich volcanic soil.——Inuits 因纽特人
Eskimos 爱斯基摩人
——Mauna Loa 冒纳罗亚火山：the world’s largest active volcano ——Sugar cane and pineapples are Hawaii’s two main crops.——Tourism is Hawaii’s most important industry.Population, Race and Ethnic Groups
人口与民族
I.Introduction A.The United States of America, with a population of 255.5 million in July 1992, is the third most populous country in the world after China and India.B.Immigration(移民)accounts for a major source of population growth.The United States had a more or less open-door policy to immigrants from independence until the 1960s.Ellis Island of New York was an important immigration reception spot in the 1890s and at the turn of the century.Even with later restrictions, immigration has continued at a high level.C.Great changes took place in the recent decades in the population of different regions in the United States.Such population movements reflected the shift from traditional manufacturing industries in the Northeast and Midwest to high-technology industries, whose growth has been most notable in the sunbelt states of the South and Mountain regions.Arizona(亚利桑那), Nevada and Florida have been the fastest growing states in population for the last 20 years.D.Most of the population in the United States live in city areas.The biggest city was New York, which was followed by Los Angeles(洛杉矶), Chicago(芝加哥), San Francisco(旧金山)and Philadelphia(费城).E.Changes in age structure during the 1980s reflect past trends in child bearing: the low birth rate in the two decades ending in 1945, the higher birth rate during the “baby boom”(1946-1964)and the lower birth rate afterwards.Ⅱ.Immigration A.The first immigrants in American history came from England and the Netherlands.Though immigration had been a familiar aspect of American development throughout the colonial period, the largest immigration movement did not take place until 1815.B.In American history, there were three major immigration waves.The first wave began in the mid 1810s, grew steadily during the 1830s and 40s and reached the highest point in 1845.The second wave happened between 1860 and 1890.The third wave was the largest of the three.It happened between 1890 and 1914 and was drawn mainly from southern and central European countries.Ⅲ.Population Movement A.Mobility is considered to be one of the characteristics of the American people.B.There are four great population movements in the history of the United States.The first was between the end of the civil war and 1880 when the westward movement came to a halt.In this period, the flow of population was from the densely-populated east coast to the sparsely-populated west.The second was between 1890 and 1920, a period when the United States realized its industrialization and urbanization.The main feature was the movement of population from the rural areas to cities.The third was from 1920 to 1960 with the 1940s, the war years, as the peak.In this period a large number of black people moved out of the south to other areas.The fourth and the last one so far is from the end of the 1960s till now.In this period, the population flow is from the Northeast and Central North to the West and the South, that is, to the sunbelt areas.Population in the South increased by 55.47% between 1960 and 1990 and population in the west increased by 88.17% in the same period.Ⅳ.Racial and Ethnic Minorities 少数民族 A.Blacks 黑人
a.The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S.is the blacks.The first blacks were brought to North America as slaves in 1619.Uncle Tom’s Cabin汤姆叔叔的小屋and Roots根are two novels giving a vivid description of the miserable life of the black slaves.b.The slave system was formally ended by Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution in 1865.But even after the abolition of slavery, open or covert, organized or individual discrimination was practiced against black Americans.c.①The civil rights movement in the 1960s.②The Civil Rights Act of 1964.③The Voting Rights Act of 1965.B.Hispanics 拉美裔美国人
Hispanic: Spanish-speaking people of any race a.The Spanish-speaking population of the United States is a large diverse and rapidly growing one.b.Three major Hispanic groups historically have had the greatest influence on the United States.①Mexican-Americans(墨西哥裔美国人), or Chicanos, make up the largest group and most of them have settled in the south-western United States.②The next largest group are the Puerto Ricans(波多黎各人).They have settled in the large cities in the eastern seaboard.③In the third place are the Cuban-Americans(古巴人)who got away from Cuba after the Cuban Revolution in 1959 and are now gathered in the Miami area.In general, the Cuban-Americans have done the best economically.④Another group: least known.They are the recent Central and South American immigrants(中南美洲移民)who fled their countries as a result of political and social unrest.They are actually refugees(难民)who are poorer, less educated and mostly from rural backgrounds.c.Many Hispanics are in lower-paying jobs.The most important obstacle to Hispanic success in the labor market is their low education.Hispanics have the highest school dropout rate of any major racial and ethnic group;d.The Hispanics are getting organized today to fight for equal treatment.C.Asian-Americans 亚裔美国人
a.The Asian and Pacific Islander population was 3% of the total population in the United States.Most Asian-Americans are doing well in the United States.A higher percentage of Asian-Americans complete university study.Experts say three Asian traditions best explain the success of Asian-Americans: education, hard work, and family.b.The largest group of Asian-Americans are the Chinese-Americans.① the gold rush ② the construction of the railroad in the 1860s ③ In May, 1882, Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act which stopped Chinese immigration for 10 years.④ In 1902 Chinese immigration was stopped for an indefinite period.⑤ It was not canceled until 1943 during the Second World War when China became an ally to the United States.c.The Japanese-Americans form the second largest group.D.Indians 印第安人
a.For centuries before the arrival of the first Europeans, the lands of what is now the United States were populated by “Indians” called by Columbus.b.After the civil war, government reservations(印第安人保留地), land specially set aside for the Indians, were established.Today, Native Indians live on the 278 reservations scattered around the United States.The social and economic conditions of the Indians are often poor.Their average life expectancy(寿命)is around 50 years.c.Since the 1960s, a militant social movement, the American Indian Movement, has arisen.E.White ethnics 白人的民族背景
Traditionally, the mainstream Americans were called WASPs, that is, White Anglo-Saxon Protestants.But actually there is a much greater variety of ethnic groups.13.1% of the U.S.population had English roots, 23.2% had German roots and 15.5% had Irish roots.
第二篇：美国概况习题
美国概况
Part One Geography
Chapter IIPopulation
Exercises
New York is the largest state in the US.(T/F)
Why is the U.S.A.called “Melting Pot”?
Answers
F(Alaska)
Because the U.S.A.is country where there are many different races, and these races mixed and assimilated after they
immigrated into this country “Melting Pot” just signifies this mixture and assimilation.Chapter VReligion in the U.S.A.Exercises
The popular American belief is___
A.part-time working
B.self-made man
C.manual labor
D.being extravagant
The largest religious group in America is___
A.Roman CatholicsB.Protestants
C.OrthodistsD.Presbyterians
the American spirit of “do-it-yourself”:
Answers
BB
the American spirit of “do-it-yourself”:
People are proud of doing everything by themselves.Most of the American families seldom hire people to do housework though they are rich.They try to do what they can do, such as housework, gardening and they enjoy doing them.Part twoHistory
Chapter IColonization of North America
Exercises
The history of the U.S.is generally agreed to have begun in the year of ____
A.1620B.1607C.1776D.1492
The turning point of the War of Independence was the Battle of ___in 1777.A.YorktownB.Saratoga
C.Bunker HillD.Lexington
Lexington Fire was the ___of American War of Independence
A.turning pointB.endingC.causeD.prelude
Answers
BBD
Chapter IVThe American Civil War(1861-1865)
Exercises
Abraham Lincoln
In 1860 Abraham Lincoln was elected president, an anti-slavery president.He played a very important measures.One
was the Homestead Bill, the other was Emancipation Proclamation in every field.In 1864, he was reelected president.He was assassinated in April 13,1865.He saved the Union and most Americans considered him a great national hero.Homework
Why was there the New Deal program? What was it? And how did it aid the recovery of the American economy? What important measures did Abraham Lincoln take during the Civil War? How do you evaluate them?
Chapter VThe U.S.Imperialism and the First World War
Exercises
The first imperialist war took place between theU.S.and ___in 1898.A.BritainB.FranceC.SpainD.Mexico
The “Big Stick” Policy was advanced by President___.A.Theodore RooseveltB.Franklin Roosevelt
C.William MckinleyD.Thomas Woodrow Wilson
President Franklin D.Roosevelt proposed a well-knownpolicy called___ to save the economic situation.A.the Open Door PolicyB.the New Deal
C.Good Neighbor PolicyD.the “Big Stick”
AnswersCAB
PartTheresociallife
Chapter IIICustoms and Traditions
Exercises
Easter:
Easter falls on the first Sunday after the full moon, in March or in April.It commemorates the Resurrection of Jesus.The custom of dying eggs is very popular among children.The main meat on Easter Sunday are lamb and ham. Thanksgiving Day:
It falls on the fourth Thursday of November.It is a holiday on which God is thanked for the crops which have been safely gathered. Abraham Lincoln
In 1860 Abraham Lincoln was elected president, an anti-slavery president.He played a very important
measures.One was the Homestead Bill, the other was Emancipation Proclamation in every field.In 1864, he was reelected president.He was assassinated in April 13,1865.He saved the Union and most Americans considered him a great national hero.
第三篇：美国政治制度概况
美国政治制度概况
Political institution（政治制度）
1．The American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world.It was draw up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789.美国宪法是世界上最早的成文宪法，它起草于1787年，生效于1789年。
2．In 1787,Congress called for a meeting of delegate from all the states to revise the Articles of Confederation.1787年，国会召开各州代表参加的大会，主要目的是修
改有明显缺点的《联邦条款》。
3．The government is divided into three branched: the legislative ,the executive ,and the judicial.Each branch has part of the powers but not all the power.美国政府
被分为3部分：立法机构，行政机构和司法机构。
4．In either case, amendments must have the approval of three-fourths of the states before they enter into force.有两种情可以提出修改宪法条款，但不管是哪种，修正案
必须经过3/4的批准才能生效。
5．The President of the U.S is the head of the executive branch and the head of the state elected by the whole nation.The Constitution requires the President to be a natural-born American citizen at least 35 years of age.The president election was held every 4 years.宪法规定总统必须是美国本土出生的美国公民，至少年满35岁，总统选举每四年举行一次。
6． In American ,the “winner-take-all” system applies in all states expect Maine.在美国，嬴者全赢的制度适用于除缅因州外的各州。
7．The electors of all fifty states and the District of Columbia-a total of 538 persons-comprise what is known as the Electoral College.To be successful, a candidate for the Presidency must receive 270 votes.50个州加上哥伦比亚特区共有
538位总统候选人，他们组成选举团，要成为美国总统，候选人则要获得270票。
8．The presidential term of 4 years begin on Jan 20 following the November election, The president publicly takes an oath of office, whichis administered by the Chief Justice of the U.S.A president can be elected to office only twice.美国总统任期为4年，每位总统任期最多只能两届，总统宣誓就职仪式是由美国首席大法官主持的。
9． Article I of the Constitution grants all legislative power of the federal government to a Congress composed of two chambers, a Senate and a House of
Representatives.The Senate is composed of 2 members from each state, Membership in the House is based on population and its size is therefore not specified in the Constitution.国会由参议院和众议院组成，参议院由各州派出两名议员共同组成，众议院
成员数则按各州人口及大小而定，因此众义员数宪法没有具体规定。
10． The Constitution requires that U.S.Senators must be at least 30 years of age, citizens of the U.S for at least 9 years, and residents of the states from which they are elected.The senatorial term is 6 years, and every 2 years one-third of the Senate stands for re-election.宪法规定美国参议员必须是年满30岁有美国公民资格9年以上的公民，并且是选其为议员的州的居民，参议员任期为6年，且每月年改选1/3的议员。
11． Menber of the House of Representative must be at least 25, citizens for 7 years, and residents of the states which send them to Congress.Today, the House is composed of 435 members.Since members of the House serve two-year terms, the life of a Congress is considered to be 2 years.宪法规定美国众议员必须是年满25岁有美国公民资格7年以上的公民，并且是选其为议员的州的居民，现在，众议院由来35名议员组成，由于众议员任期为2年，所以国会任期往往被认为是2年。
12． Each hours of the Congress has the power to introduce legislation on any subject, except revenue bills which must first come from the House of Representatives.除
了税收法案必须首先由众议院提出，国会的两院各自有权就任何提议立法。
13． The Constitution provides that the Vice president shall be president of the Senate.He has no vote, except in a case of a tie.The House of Representatives choose its own presiding officer-the Speaker of the House.宪法规定由美国副总统担任参议院议长，议长不参加投票，除非出现两派票数相等的情况，众议院则选出他自己的主持官员，-众议院议长。
14． According to the Constitution, the judicial power of the U.S shall be vested in one Supreme Court.The judicial system has evolved into the present structure: the Supreme Court, 11 court of appeals, 91 district courts, and 3 courts of special jurisdiction.U.S.judges are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate.根据宪法规定，美国的司法权属于最高法院，司法体系结构为：最高法院，11个上诉法院，91个地方法院，3个有特殊司法权的法院，美国的法官是由总统任命并由参议院批准的。
15． The Supreme Court is the highest court of the U.S and is the only organ which has the power to interpret the Constitution The Supreme Court at present consists
of a Chief Justice and 8 Associate Justices.最高法院是美国最高等的法院，也是惟
一有权解释的机构，目前法院由一名首席大法官和颜悦色名助理法官组成。
16． The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in only two kinds of cases: thoseinvolvingforeign dignitaries, and those to which a state in a party.高
等法院最初只对两种案件拥有司法权：涉及国外达官贵人，一个州为一方当事人。
17． In general, American has a two-party system.There are two major political parties in America: the Democrats and the Republicans.There have been four periods in the history of political parties in American.一般说来，美国实行的是两党制，两大主要政党为：民主党和共和党，美国政党的历史可分为四个时期。
18． The first period of the party system in American refer to the appearance of the Federalists and the Anti-federalists.The third phase of the two-party system ran from the 1860s to the 1920s with the Republican Party dominating the political scene for most of the time.美国政党制的第一阶段出现了两个主要党派，联邦派各反联邦派，第三阶段从容不迫9世纪60年代到达9世纪20年代，绝大部分时间是共和党执政。
（2002，21题）
19．In the 28 terms of the House of Representativesfrom 1933 to 1989,the Democrats enjoyed a majority of 26 terms, in the Senate, the Democrats had a majority for 23 terms.从1933年到1989年的确届众议院中，民主党在于6届中拥有多数席位，在参议院中民主党在于23届中拥有多数席位。
20． After the 1828 election of Andrew Jackson, the Democratic-Republican party split.The main faction, led by Andrew Jackson, called themselves the Democratic Party, while the faction opposed to Jackson formed the Whig party in 1834.1828年安德鲁。杰克逊当选总统后，民主共和党分裂，由安德鲁。杰克逊领导的主派自称为民
主党，反对杰克逊的一派于1834年另立辉格党 待续。。。
英国国体：以生产资料私有制为主，资产阶级掌权的资本主义国家政体：君主立宪制国家结构形式：单一制
4国家机构的组成及相互关系
①国家元首 虚伪元首 仅扮演仪式性角色
②立法机构 议会
③行政机构 内阁
④司法机构 法院
关系：
英国君主立宪制的主要机构有国王、议会和内阁。其中议会是国家最高立法机关，主要扮演立法者和监督者的角色。内阁是国家最高行政机关，从议会产生，由占议会多数席位的政党组成，并对议会负责。国王按内阁的意志行使形式上的权利，承担国家元首等礼仪性职责。国王议会和内阁三者之间，既有分权也有制约，体现了英国政体运行的特点。
5政党制度
①主要党派：主要党派有自由党, 工党, 国家党, 民主党等.其中自由党和工党为朝野的两大党派。
②政党制度类型：两党制
近代资产阶级革命后，英国逐步成为君主立宪制国家，其政治制度以议会内阁制为核心，以两党制、常任文官制以及地方自治为主要特点。它对其他资本主义国家政治制度的建立产生了很大影响。
同其他国家的宪法相比，英国的宪法有以下几个特点：
1、英国的宪法是不成文的宪法。英国宪法的最大不同之处是它从未以一部单一法典的形式出现，而是由13、14世纪以来，在各个不同时期通过的各种成文或不成文的、形式上多种多样的具有宪法性的法律构成。主要有《大宪章》、《人民公约》、《权利请愿书》、《权利法案.》等。
2、英国宪法是柔性宪法。英国的宪法性文件的制定和修改程序同普通法律一样，其法律地位也是同议会制定的其他法律一样。这一现象产生的原因是由于英国宪法的非法典化，但最主要的原因是没有任何一届议会能够约束它的继任议会，也没有任何议会不能改变它的前任议会的立法，这样，在英国的政治实践中，很难形成关于宪法限制或权限的统一模式。
3、政治习惯的作用。政治习惯是在长期的政治实践中形成的，为人们认可和接受的行为规范。在英国，政治习惯是几个世纪的有意识的努力的结果。这样的政治习惯有：国王必须委任下议院的多数党领袖组建政府，内阁必须向议会负责并向议会报告工作等等。这些习惯被政治实践者认真遵守，以至于它们成了英国宪法的重要组成部分。
英国并不是严格意义上的三权分立国家。首相可以被看作当代英国政治中最有权势的人，首相是政府的首脑，是内阁的主持人，是议会的议员，同时也是女王的最高政治顾问。首相、内阁、议会三者之间的关系是：
议会（多数党）←←←←←←←负责←←←←↑
↓领↑
↓袖↑
首相 —领导— 内阁 —领导— 政府
与其他国家相比,英国的政治制度既古老而又有鲜明的特色,这主要体现在它的君主制与民主制的结合、“议会至上”的议会内阁制。
英国选举制度是单选区相对多数票取胜，这对两大党有利。一般而言，在大选中获胜的大党，都没有得到总票数的50％，但当选的议席超过一半以上而单独执政。不论工党或保守党获胜都是如此。而自由党最吃亏，它取得不低的得票率，但所获得的国会议席很少，与得票率完全不成比例。（自由党在1988年与从工党分裂出去的社会民主党合并，改称为自由民主党）。
英国的两党制并不是铁板一块、完美无缺的，它也存在着很多弊端。首先，从两党制中产生出来的执政党不能充分代表民意。英国两党制是由英国的选举制度作保障的。英国现行选举制度是单选区出线制，以大选中获议席多少定胜负，而不是依选票情况。这就造成这样一种矛盾现象：有时反对党所得选票反而会超过执政党，其次，两党制对小党的成长、发展极为不利。小党在选举中的得票率同其在下院所得席位不成比例。第三，两党制造成英国政治上的保守。最后，两党制促进了英国公众中的政治冷淡主义倾向。两大垄断政权，使得许多对两党都不喜欢的人无从选择。在大选中，一部分这种人把选票投给了他较不讨厌的那个大党，而相当一部分选民根本就不参加投票。投票率低是英国的一个突出现象。尽管投票率在整个西方国家都有下降趋势，但英国属于最低的国家之一。
今年的英国大选，打破了两党制传统。
第四篇：概况试题-美国
1、Puritanism
Puritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify the Church of England.They believe that human beings were predestined by God before they were born.Some were God's chosen people while others were damned to hell.No church nor good works could save people.The sign of being God's elect was the success in his work or the prosperity in his calling.They also argued that everyone must read the Bible in order to find God's will and establish a direct contact with God.These beliefs had great impact on American culture.2.the American Revolution
Between 1689 and 1815, france and Britain fought Seven Years’ war, and North American was drawn into everyone of them.Britain’s victory led directly to a conflict with its American colonies.The British government argued that Britain had spent large sums of money to defend their American colonies in those wars, and that the colonists therefore should pay a part of those expenses.So the british government began to charge new taxes.But the colonists refused to obey the british laws and cry” no taxation without representation”.On April 19,1775,the first shot was fired when 700 British soldiers went to capture a colonial arms depot in a small town of Concord near Boston.The American War of Independence began.And the war came to an end in 1781 with the victory of north american.The Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783 and Britian had to recognize the independence of the United States.A new nation was thus born.3.the Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence was mainly drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted by the Congress on July 4,1776,when the people of 13 English colonials in North America were fighting for their freedom and independence from the British colonial rule.The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to have some unalienable rights such as life,liberty and the pursuit of happiness.It also explained the philosophy of government:the powers of governments came from the consent of the governed and the purpose of governments were to secure the rights mentioned above.The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from John Locke.4.American Constitution
The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law of the United States of America.The Constitution is the framework for the organization of the United States government and for the relationship of the federal government with the states, citizens, and all people within the United States.The Constitution creates the three branches of the national government: a legislature, the bicameral Congress;an executive branch led by the President;and a judicial branch headed by the Supreme Court.The Constitution specifies the powers and duties of each branch.The Constitution reserves all unenumerated powers to the respective states and the people, thereby establishing the federal system of government.5.checks and balances
When Americans talk about their three-part national government, they often refer to what they call its system of “checks and balances”.This system works in many ways to keep serious mistakes from being made by legislative branch or executive branch or judicial branch.6.Federalism
Federalism in the United States is the evolving relationship between state governments and the federal government of the United States.American government has evolved from a system of dual federalism to one of associative federalism.In “Federalist No.46,” James Madison asserted that the states and national government “are in fact but different agents and trustees of the people, constituted with different powers.” Alexander Hamilton, writing in “Federalist No.28,” suggested that both levels of government would exercise authority to the citizens' benefit: “If their [the peoples'] rights are invaded by either, they can make use of the other as the instrument of redress.”
7.the Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791.The Bill of Rights was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech,the right to assemble in public places,the right to own weapons and so on.8.Political parties in the US
Political parties are organized groups of people who share a set of ideas about how the US should be governed and who work together to have members of their group elected in order to influence the governing of the country.today ,the US has two major political parties.one in the Democratic Party,which evolved out of Thomas Jefferson's party,formed before 1800.the symbol of the party is the donkey.the other is the Republican Party,which was formed in the 1850s,and its symbol is the elephant.9、the roots of affluence in America
No single factor is responsible for the success of American business and industry.Bountiful resources,the geographical size of the country and population trends have all contributed to these success.Religious,social and political traditions;the institutional structures of government and business;and the courage,hard work and determination of countless entrepreners and workers have also played a part.10.American industrial revolution
After independence, America was principally an agricultural country.The industrial revolution in England brought many changes to American industry between 1776 and 1860.One key development was the introduction of the factory system.A second development was the “American system” of mass production.A third development was the application of new technologies to industrial task.A fourth development was the emergence of new forms of business organization—the bank and the corporation.11.Civil Rights Movement
The civil rights movement was a worldwide political movement for equality before the law occurring between approximately 1950 and 1980.In many situations it took the form of campaigns of civil resistance aimed at achieving change by nonviolent forms of resistance.In some situations it was accompanied, or followed, by civil unrest and armed rebellion.The process was long and tenuous in many countries, and many of these movements did not fully achieve their goals although, the efforts of these movements did lead to improvements in the legal rights of previously oppressed groups of people.12.Martin luther King
Martin Luther King, Jr.(January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968)was an American clergyman, activist, and prominent leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement.He is best known for being an iconic figure in the advancement of civil rights in the United States and around the world, using nonviolent methods following the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi.King is often presented as a heroic leader in the history of modern American liberalism.A Baptist minister, King became a civil rights activist early in his career.He led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957, serving as its first president.King's efforts led to the 1963 March on Washington, where King delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech.There, he expanded American values to include the vision of a color blind society, and established his reputation as one of the greatest orators in American history.13.Counterculture
In the wake of the Free Speech Movement and the New Left,there appeared a phenomenon that historians called the “counterculture.”the counterculture rejected capitalism and other American principles.they had morals different from those taught by their parents.some groups of youth tried to construct different ways of life.among the most famous were the hippies.they sought new experience through dropping out,and drug taking.but it was music,rock music in particular,that became the chief vehicle for the counter cultural assault on the traditional American society.the counterculture exerted a great influence upon people's attitudes toward social morals,marriage,career and success.14、Hippies
The hippies called themselves “the love generation.” Hippiness became their only goal in life.Their music was different from any other music, and the words they sang sounded rebellious to older people.Small groups of youth lived together in cities like San Francisco,turning their lives into one big party.They wore long hair,strange and colorful clothes and many of them used drugs.They went in huge numbers to rock music concerts, and tyey made very interesting news on TV.15.Multiculturalism in Canada
Multiculturalism in Canada was adopted as the official policy of the Canadian government during the prime ministership of Pierre Elliot Trudeau in the 1970s and 1980s.The Canadian government has often been described as the instigator of multicultural ideology because of its public emphasis on the social importance of immigration.Multiculturalism is reflected in the law through the Canadian Multiculturalism Act and section 27 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
第五篇：富阳概况及人文历史
富阳概况及人文历史
富阳市位于浙江省西北部。沪杭甬“金三角”交汇点，杭州的西大门，是国务院首批批准的沿海对外开放县（市）之一。市域介于北纬29度44分~30度12分、东经119度25分~120度09分。东接萧山区、南连诸暨市、西邻桐庐县、北与临安市、余杭区接壤，东北与杭州市西湖区毗连。东西长69.7公里，南北宽49.7公里，总面积1831.21平方公里。辖4个街道15个镇6个乡，287个行政村，23个社区（居委会），人口64万（城市人口约21万），是一个“八山半水分半田”的丘陵半山区。
“天下佳山水，古今推富春。”富阳山青水秀、景色迤逦，天下独绝的富春江横贯全境，既赋山城之美，又具江城之秀，是典型的江南山水城市。境内有钟灵毓秀的鹳山、富春胜地天钟山、东经120度北纬30度经纬线大陆平原唯一整交点、华东最大的天然淡水浴场新沙岛、亚太地区第一大洞厅九霄碧云洞、保持明清建筑特色的吴大帝孙权后裔集聚地龙门古镇等自然人文名胜。近几年，还成功开发出了被誉为浙江旅游“新三宝”的杭州野生动物世界、富春山居国际高尔夫球场、中国古代造纸印刷文化村等旅游资源。
富阳古称富春，秦王政二十六年（公元前221年）置富春县，1994年1月18日撤县设市。二千多年来，一脉灵气的富春江，先后孕育了三国吴大帝孙权、现代文豪郁达夫，晚唐诗人罗隐、元代大画家黄公望，清代父子宰相董邦达、董诰等一大批杰出人物，李白、吴均、白居易、陆游、苏东坡、纪晓岚等文人墨客的足迹遍布全境，人文历史底蕴积淀深厚。
改革开放以来，富阳经济活力迸发，逐渐形成了造纸、通信器材、医药化工、机械电子、新型建材、轻纺、体育用品等特色产业和“国家（富阳）光纤光缆产业园”、“中国白板纸基地”、“中国球拍之乡”三大产业品牌，经济社会综合发展指数列全国发达县（市）第30位，财政收入连续多年进入全省十强县（市）行列，被有关机构分别评为中国大陆最适宜民营企业投资创业百强城市和长三角最具投资价值十强县（市），还荣获了“中国十大特色休闲基地”和浙江旅游十大“城市金名片”称号。通过持之以恒地开展创建工作，先后被命名为国家园林城市、国家卫生城市、中国优秀旅游城市、国家环境保护模范城市、全国科技工作先进县（市）、省科技强市、省教育强市、省体育强市、省文明城市、省文化先 进县(市)、省双拥模范城市、省平安县(市)、省农村基层组织先进县(市)等。
2007年，富阳坚持以科学发展观为统领，通过谋战略、抓创新、破难题、促发展，经济社会呈现平稳较快的发展态势。全年实现生产总值289亿元，财政总收入38.76亿元，全社会固定资产投资130.5亿元，城镇居民人均可支配收入19042元，农村居民人均纯收入9601元。
富阳市毗邻杭州大都市，距离杭州市中心32公里，地理位置优越，交通条件便捷，320国道、杭新景（杭千）高速公路以及05、23、19、14等多条省道纵贯全境，距离杭州火车站、杭州萧山国际机场都在半小时车程内。当前，富阳市正利用得天独厚的山水资源，把山水整合起来，做透山水文章，全面打造“运动休闲之城”，打响“休闲杭州、运动富阳”的特色品牌，实现“生活富裕、生命阳光”的发展目标。
截至2007年12月31日，富阳市辖4个街道、15个镇、6个乡：富春街道、东洲街道、春江街道、鹿山街道；高桥镇、受降镇、场口镇、常安镇、万市镇、洞桥镇、胥口镇、新登镇、渌渚镇、灵桥镇、大源镇、常绿镇、龙门镇、里山镇、永昌镇；环山乡、湖源乡、上官乡、渔山乡、春建乡、新桐乡。共有23个社区、3个居民区、287个行政村。
■人文历史
历史悠久，人杰地灵。富阳古称富春，公元前221年置县，1994年经国务院批准撤县设市。汉末孙坚、孙策崛起江东，孙权继业创建吴国，功垂后世；晚唐诗人罗隐，才华横溢，独树一帜；元代大画家黄公望结庐富春江畔，绘就传世杰作《富春山居图》；清代父子宰相董邦达、董诰，位极人臣，品质高洁；现代文学家郁达夫得富春江之灵气，椽笔挥洒，留下大量清丽诗文；在学术上卓有建树的周廷冲兄弟、越剧表演艺术家徐玉兰、骨伤科名医张绍富等，均为当代杰出人才。
■经济发展
经济发达，社会进步。近年来，大力实施“工业兴市”和“开放带动”战略，优化经济结构，形成了以通信器材、造纸业为龙头，新型建材、医药化工、轻纺、机械电子和体育用品等特色产业体系。造纸业年生产规模约占全省总量的二分之一，被授予“中国白板纸基地”称号；光通信产业占国内市场四分之一强，被列 为浙江省光通信特色产业基地。块状特色经济明显，球拍、织布、工艺品、电机电器、自行车配件等小产品闯出了大市场。2007年，全市实现工业总产值957亿元。富春江集团、富通集团、华伦集团等上榜2007中国大企业集团竞争力500强，拥有“金富春”等中国驰名商标，“无敌赛艇”等5个中国名牌产品。城乡居民消费活跃，市场繁荣，新型流通业态日臻完善，2007年实现社会消费零售总额52.2亿元。同时，深入实施“科教兴市”战略，协调发展科教文卫体等社会各项事业，促进了经济社会的全面发展。
■旅游景点
山清水秀，景色绮丽。“天下佳山水，古今推富春”。富阳地处“西湖——富春江——千岛湖——黄山”国家级黄金旅游线的前站，既赋山城之美，又具江城之秀，是典型的江南山水城市。一川如画的富春江横贯境内；有华东地区最大的野生动物世界（国家AAAA级景区），保留明清建筑特色的孙权后裔聚居地龙门古镇（国家AAAA级景区），再现造纸印刷两大发明的中国古代造纸印刷文化村，亚太地区第一洞厅的碧云洞（所在富春桃源景区为国家AAAA级景区），以及富春山居国际高尔夫球场、度假胜地富春桃源、钟灵毓秀的鹳山、天钟山等。境内人文胜迹众多，罗隐碑林、黄公望结庐处、郁达夫故居等远近闻名。随着近年来一大批景区景点的开发，中外游客纷至沓来，成为休闲度假的旅游胜地。
近年来富阳市政府为了更好的开发旅游业，评选出的“新富春十景”更是风景宜人。
富阳十景 ◎ 鹳山揽胜 ◎ 龙门古风 ◎ 桃源春色 ◎ 庙坞竹径 ◎ 天钟听泉 ◎ 贤明夕照 ◎ 长堤戏浪 ◎ 枫林咽泉 ◎ 江洲鹭影 ◎ 郁宅望江 鹳 山
位于富阳城东富春江之畔。一峰独峙，临江处有石矶，似鹳，迎江而立，故名。山脚有郁达夫故居，山上有郁达夫哥哥郁曼陀血衣冢，双烈亭、松筠别墅等郁氏纪念设施。山脚深入江心的矶头为严子陵垂钓处。地址：富阳市区鹳山路2号，距杭州市32公里。
地址：富阳市江滨东大道东州街道黄公望村，距杭州市20公里 新沙岛农家乐
坐落于富阳市富春江畔，新沙岛上，距杭州30公里。全岛面积4．12平方公里，四面环水，桑林成荫，金沙铺地，处处鸟啼蝉呜，竹篱茅舍淡雅纯朴，古式村落白墙青瓦，四周奇花异草，田园风光迷人，乡土气息浓郁。“农家乐”民俗旅游再现了中国江南农村古老而传统的生产、生活方式。竹筏畅游富春江、牛车环岛、手工造纸、脚踏水车、古农具操作、农家养蚕、编织草鞋、观赏山羊斗角以及锣鼓、唢呐、竹马、龙灯等充满东方文化色彩的乡村娱乐项目，使游客宛如身临“世外桃源”。
交通方式：富阳市富春江第一大桥底下富中码头渡船过江 永安山滑翔基地
永安山位于富阳西南常安镇境内，海拔500余米，滑翔起跳点设在永安高山农庄的西北角，这里无论是地形地貌、植被状况，还是高度坡度、朝向、风向风速，以及降落场地、交通状况都非常适宜开展滑翔运动，以其独特的地理条件和环境优势，成为国家级滑翔运动训练基地。曾举办“2007常安滑翔伞友谊赛暨首届永安滑翔节”，共有来自北京、上海、青岛、济南、温州、杭州等20多个城市及法国、德国、土耳其等国的60余名滑翔伞高手在这山清水秀的山谷间自由翱翔，是杭州地区最佳滑翔基地。
地址：富阳市常安镇永安山，杭新景高速中埠、场口等出口下，沿19省道或环金公路到常安镇。
龙门古镇（国家AAAA级景区）
龙门古镇地处富春江龙门山下，离富阳约16公里，有320国道、杭新景高速（中埠出口）与之相连，交通便捷。东汉名士严子陵游览龙门山时称赞“此地山青水秀，胜似吕梁龙门”，龙门古镇因此得名。三国时东吴大帝孙权的后裔聚居于此，已逾千年。全镇现有7000多人，90%以上姓孙。到龙门古镇旅游，可感 受到江南特有的民俗风情，领略孙权家族千年来所形成的浓厚的孙氏文化，饱览秀美的龙门山自然风光，重温严子陵游览时的诗情画意。
全镇面积18平方公里。这里有江南地区保存最完整且极为罕见的明清古建筑群。走进古镇，看不到皖南徽商豪宅的金碧辉煌，也体会不到在拱桥下泛舟的水乡幽情。到处是卵石铺成的小路，还有以卵石作墙垣的民宅民居，暴露原木本色的宽阔的厅堂，处处散发着山村的粗犷与清新。这里的古建筑类型是非常齐全的，不仅有民宅，还有明代的砖砌牌楼，有塔、寺，有祠堂和数十座厅堂„„这些功能各异的建筑物在历经沧桑和战乱之后，至今保存完好，伴随着古樟，小桥，溪流与古街，构成了古镇独特的风景。
地址：富阳市龙门镇牌楼，距杭州市45公里，杭新景高速中埠出口前行5公里
杭州野生动物世界（国家AAAA级景区）
浙江省重点旅游项目，华东地区规模最大的野生动物园——杭州野生动物世界，真诚欢迎国内外游客的光临。
地址：富阳市受降镇九龙大道1号，距杭州市20公里，杭州公交514路直达。
富春桃源（国家AAAA级景区）
富春桃源景区位于富阳市西北胥口镇，景区总面积15平方公里，有逍遥岩岭湖、天成野槠林、九霄碧云洞、休闲鹤舞坪、桃源三家村等五大旅游区块。富春桃源风景区山、水、林、洞、村的自然组合，以“山之清、水之秀、林之茂、洞之奇、村之静”使您在自然山水中充分享受桃花源式的休闲生活乐趣，是您观光与休闲度假的好去处。地址：富阳市胥口镇 距杭州市60公里，自驾车杭州至富阳320国道、05省道，至胥口镇即可。
地址：富阳市胥口镇，距杭州市60公里，05省道直达。通天飞瀑
距杭州60公里，富阳市区35公里，是杭州至千岛湖黄金旅游线的中段。该景区由山、洞、水、林、石组成，自然生态丰姿华丽，青山绿水，鸟语花香，有仙水、仙草、仙风、仙气的神秘，是东晋时代著名的道士葛洪炼丹隐居地－－“葛仙洞”。该溶洞发育已有三亿年之久，属喀斯特地下河溶洞。全洞总面积二万余平方米，是由一池二潭三河六瀑五廊六厅组成的竖洞，游程总长3500米，首期 开发1500米平地入洞，顶底之差128米。以“奇、险、瀑”自然景观、天然空调为自然特色；历史文化古迹内涵深刻，鬼斧神功，地质科普知识列为教学基地，整座溶洞堪称岩溶地学博物馆。其中“通天飞瀑”落差120余米，是华东地区唯一的“洞中飞瀑”。整座溶洞堪称岩溶地学博物馆，是融观光、探险、地质学、休闲、度假为一体的特色旅游项目。
地址：富阳市胥口镇，距杭州市60公里，05省道直达。天钟山
天钟山位于富阳市区西南六公里处的富春江畔，占地约10000余亩，因其山长形遥观宛如钟，得名天钟山。传说是明朝开国皇帝朱无璋战败时逃遁到此，后又起兵发迹的地方。转马潭、皇逃坞、候军岭、天钟禅院等古迹遗址，形象生动地记载了朱元璋当年举兵辗转的故事。天钟山是一个集峡谷风景、佛教文化、森林公园于一体的山水景观的风景区，素有“小天竺”之称。
地址：富阳市春江街道天钟山，距杭州市38公里，杭新景高速富阳出口下，沿新中线到春江街道南峰村。
中国古代造纸印刷文化村
中国古代造纸印刷文化村地处风景秀丽的富春江畔，距举世闻名的旅游城市杭州30公里，交通便利，是国家级重点开发的文化旅游项目。全村占地面积2公顷，村内汇聚了自造纸术、印刷术发明以来的各种劳作工具，以造纸作坊、印刷作坊等形式向世人展示了中国古代四大发明中的两项：造纸术与印刷术。
在着宋装的村人指引下，游客既可参观游览，又可实践操作，增添了游玩的乐趣，又丰富了知识，真正达到“寓知识于游玩之中”的文化旅游项目的宗旨，使那些“知其然而不知其所以然”的当代人，通过时光隧道回到了千年前的文明古国。
地址：富阳市江滨东大道21号，距杭州市30公里 黄公望森林公园
因元代大画家黄公望在此结庐隐居，创作著名山水国画《富春山居图》而得名。公园面积333公顷，森林覆盖率96.5%，有云豹、羚羊等国家一、二级保护动物49种。境内山势深远，竹茂深，荟萃了亚热带森林景观、世界一流竹园、黄公望人文史迹遗址、历代知名古塔等。
黄公望森林公园坐落在中国林业科学研究院所属浙江庙山坞部级自然保护 区的庙山坞林区，系1994年经浙江省林业厅批准建立的省级森林公园。
■城市发展
交通便捷，环境优越。富阳距上海200多公里，离杭州萧山国际机场50余公里，320国道、杭千高速公路横贯全境，水陆交通便捷，区位优势明显。乡乡镇镇通油路，富阳城区至各乡镇的半小时交通圈基本形成。富春江水路上通千岛湖，下达杭州湾，抵国内各港口。邮电通信基本实现现代化，并在全省率先实现乡镇有线电视联网。水、电、燃气充裕；宾馆、商务、医疗、文化、体育等设施齐全。近年来，注重营造创业发展的良好环境，大力实施“人才强市”战略；着力打造“信用富阳”、“数字富阳”、“绿色富阳”；深入开展“七项创建”，城市文明程度不断提高，经济社会发展和投资环境日臻完善。海纳百川，猛进如潮。富阳正以前所未有的魅力和活力融入到长江三角洲经济圈中。富阳人民热忱欢迎海内外朋友到富春江畔投资兴业、观光旅游，携手共创更加美好的明天。
■特色资源
资源丰富，特产众多。富阳造纸业已有近二千年的历史，是闻名全国的“造纸之乡”。还是全国商品粮基地和重点产茶、产茧地区，芦笋、茶叶、豆腐皮、食用菌、竹笋、银杏、板栗、草莓等特产屡获奖牌，闻名遐迩。境内矿产资源丰富，已初步探明金属和非金属矿藏20多种，其中石灰岩储量之大，品位之高为国内罕见。
富阳冬笋
富阳为浙江第二竹乡，竹笋为一大特产。冬笋是竹笋之王，生在竹鞭上，潜伏地层，秋季发芽，冬季成笋。富阳冬笋具有“壳薄肉嫩、切片不碎”的优点，做羹佐肴，味甲诸蔬，营养丰富，素享盛名，封建王朝列为贡品。
半山桃子
新登镇半山村自然风光秀美，没有污染,土质优良,盛产桃子。每年四上旬，满山桃花，灿若红云。每年举办“桃花节”，吸引不少四方宾朋，也打响了半山桃子的品牌，半山村已被列为杭州市都市农业示范园区。
古籍线装书
古籍线装书位于富春江边的华宝斋富翰文化有限公司，是印制古籍线装书的知名企业。他们用自制的古籍印刷专用纸，自己制版、印刷、出版，形成一条龙生产，为国家古籍印刷定点单位，印刷的古籍获得多项国际、国内大奖。峡岭湖笔
峡岭湖笔产于高桥镇的峡岭、桃岭等村，以选材精良、制作精心、尖齐健圆，深受书画家称赞，尤其是当地生长的“青苦”竹，为制作湖笔的上乘材料。峡岭湖笔，笔毫挺拔而坚韧，笔杆洁净而光滑，书写作画，柔中有刚，行笔圆润枯湿相参。著名书画家周昌谷先生曾称峡岭湖笔“选材精良，制作精心，艺事一乐也”。
峡岭湖笔的笔杆，采用坑西苦竹制成。一是色泽好。愈经水漂摩搓，愈是滑润耐手；存放年代愈久，愈见光亮如油。二是质地坚韧。用刀绞削不破不裂，竹渣薄如扇页，明透鉴人。这样的苦竹，观之瘦劲典雅，掂之圆浑凝重，是制作笔杆的上品。而且这种竹是立冬以后砍伐的，笔杆不易虫蛀。
峡岭湖笔的笔毛挑选也很有讲究。羊毛采用头颈、四腿和胯间的毛锋毛；山兔毛采用背部的白毫、紫毫，宁精而少，不粗不滥。传统湖笔的笔毫具有笔锋尖锐、修削整齐、丰满圆润、劲健有力的独特风格。
三山板栗
板栗为富阳传统产品，尤其是三山板栗，因个大、质好，味道美，营养成分丰富，而闻名省内。
富阳市栗树多植于岩边坡地的微酸和偏酸性土壤，故栗肉中淀粉含量高，含朋蛋白质、脂肪、钙、糖、磷、铁、维生素甲、乙、丙等多种营养素。生吃，既甜又脆；熟吃，糯中带甜，异香袭人；亦可加工成菜肴，操作简便，美味可口。同时栗子还具有药用价值，著名医学家孙思邈著述：“栗，肾之果也，肾病宜食之；生食治腰、脚不遂。”
资料提供:富阳市风景旅游局
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