英语非谓语动词

第一篇：英语非谓语动词

主语subject 谓语predicate 宾语object 表语predicative 定语attributive 状语adverbial adjunct 补足语complement 同位语appositive

英语非谓语动词讲解及练习非谓语动词是指分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）、不定式、动名词等三种形式，即：

doing , done , to do , doing。当然它们有各自不同的变化形式，如：

现在分词 doing : 有being done（被动式）;having done（完成式）;having been do ne（完成被动式）

不定式

to do : 有to be done（被动式）;to have done（完成式）;to be doing（进行式）

动名词

doing : 有having done（完成式）;being done（被动式）;

非谓语动词的特点： 三种非谓语动词都具有动词的特征，虽然它们没有人称和数的变化，但是它们都能带自己的状语或有时跟宾语。它们都有各自的特征：分词具有形容词和副词的特征；动名词具有名词的特征；不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。具体来讲：分词在句子中可以做定语、表语、状语或补足语等；动名词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语等；不定式在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、补足语或状语。

下面分别对三种非谓语动词进行讲解： 一．

动词不定式

先看几个例句，判断不定式在句中的成分。1．To learn a foreign language is difficult.2． His wish is to be a driver.3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises.5．I have nothing to say.6．They went to see their aunt.7．It’s easy to see their aunt.8．I don’t know what to do next.9．I heard them make a noise.说明：1．动词不定式作主语, 2.动词不定式作表语,3.动词不定式作宾语,4．动词不定式作宾语补足语，5．动词不定式作定语,6．动词不定式作目的状语,7．动词不定式作真正主语，it 代替动词不定式，作形式主语。8．带有连接代词的动词不定式作宾语,9．不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。

掌握动词不定式应注意的几个问题：

1． “to” 是不定式符号还是介词，下列短语中的to 都是介词。

agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to ，equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to

2． 带to 还是不带to

I have no choice but to give in I cannot do anything but give in I saw him enter the classroom.（但是： He was seen to enter the classroom.）

3． 动词不定式逻辑主语是由for 作为标记的。但是有时用of.It’s necessary for you to study hard.It’s foolish of him to do it.与of 连用的形容词有：

good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , polite , possible 4．后接不定式作宾语的动词有：

want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.需要宾语补足语的动词不能用动词不定式直接做介词的宾语，而要用it做形式宾语。例如：通常不说We think to obey the laws is important.而说We think it important to obey the laws.5．不定式的省略。下列短语中，如果意义明确，常常省略到to。

want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , o ught to , need to , used to , be able to 6．不定式作定语，应注意两种关系： 1）动宾关系：

He has a lot of meeting to attend.Please lend me something to write with.He is looking for a room to live He is looking for a room to live in.He has no money and no place to live(in).I think the best way to travel(by)is on foot.There is no time to think(about).2）主谓关系：

She is always the last(person)to speak at the meeting.----I’m going to the post office , for I have a letter to post.(逻辑主语是I)-------Thank you.But I have no letters to be posted now

(逻辑主语不是I)7．不定式作状语，可以有以下几种意义： 1）原因

He is lucky to get here on time.这种结构中常用的形容词有：

happy , glad , delighted , pleased , sorry , eager , anxious.lucky , fortunate , proud , angry surprised , frightened , disappointed , ready , clever , foolish , worthy

2)目的

He came to help me with my maths.3)结果

I hurried to get there only to find him out.The book is too hard for the boy to read.He is old enough to go to school.8.不定式作补足语

I saw him play in the street just now.能跟不带to 的不定式作补足语的动词有：

see , feel , hear , listen to , look at , watch , let , have make, observe, notice 注: 当这些词为被动式时，不定式要带to , 如：

He was seen to play in the street just now.二．动名词

Learning English is very difficult.学英语非常困难。

His job is driving a bus.他的工作是开车。I enjoy dancing.我喜欢跳舞。

I have got used to living in the country.我已经习惯了住农村。

Take some sleeping tablets , and you will soon fall asleep.吃点安眠药，你很快就会入睡。注意以下几种结构：

1．There’s no telling what will happen.=It’s impossible to tell what will happen.= No one can tell what will happen.2．It’s no use talking with him.It’s no good speaking to them like that.3．There’s some difficulty(in)doing … 在此句型中,difficulty 可以由以下单词替换: trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time 注意以下几个问题：

1．下列动词后跟不定式与跟动名词作宾语意义有区别，forget to do … 忘记要做某事 forget doing… 忘记做了某事 remember to do…记住要做某事 remember doing …记着做了某事 mean to do …

有意要做某事 mean doing …

意味着做了某事 regret to do … 对要做的事表示后悔 regret doing … 对做过去的事后悔 can’t help to do…不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing … 情不自禁做某事 try to do …

尽力去做某事 try doing

试着做某事 learn to do …

学着去做某事 learn doing …

学会做某事

stop to do …

停下来去做（另一件事）stop doing …

停止做某事 go on to do …

接着做（另外一件事）go on doing … 继续做某事 used to do …

过去做某事 be used to doing …习惯做某事

2．动名词作定语与现在分词作定语意义有区别 动名词作定语表达

n+ for doing 的含义

现在分词作定语表达 n+which(who)be doing的含义 如：a sleeping car = a car for sleeping a running horse = a horse which is running 前者是动名词，后者是现在分词

又如： drinking water , walking stick running water , sleeping boy 3． 动名词的逻辑主语：

动名词的逻辑主语为代词或名词的所有格形式。例如：His coming made us very happy.4．动名词的语态和时态

5． 动名词主动形式表被动的情况：

need doing , want doing , require doing

例如： This room needs painting.这个房间需要粉刷。6．只能跟动名词作宾语的动词：

admit , avoid , advise , consider , delay , deny , enjoy , escape , excuse , fancy , finish , complete , forbid , imagine , mind , miss , permit.practise , require , suggest , risk , keep, take to , look forward to , get down to , feel like , can’t help , can’t stand , be used to ,insist on , succeed in , set about, give up , include ，三． 分词 The story is interesting.I’m interested in it.这个故事有兴趣，我对这个故事感兴趣。2.This is a moving film.这是一部动人的电影。

3.The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president.秘书工作到深夜，为主席准备一篇长篇演讲稿。4.Given more time , I’ll do it well.如果给我多一点时间，我会做的更好。

When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.当他后街时，看到小偷正从银行偷钱。应注意的几个问题：

1．现在分词与过去分词的区别

Do you know the woman talking to Tom ?

= Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ? The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.China is a developing country and America is a developed country.2．分词作表语 The news sounds encouraging.They got very excited.1）现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别： The news is interesting.He is interested in he news t.doing 作表语，主语与表语是主谓关系 ；done 作表语，主语与表语是动宾关系。2）表语与被动式的区别：

The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming.（强调动作）

The blackboard is broken.You’d better have it repaired.（强调状态）3）常作表语的过去分词：

amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done

3．现在分词、动名词 现在进行时的区别

The situation in our country is encouraging.(表语)The situation in our country is encouraging the people.(现在进行时)My job is looking after the little baby.(动名词)能回答how-question 的是现在分词，能回答what-question 的动名词，即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是现在进行时。例如： How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging.What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby.4．注意的四种结构：

have something to do 有某事要做 have something done 使某事被做

have somebody do something 使某人做某事 have something doing 让某事一直做着 5． 需要跟反身代词作宾语的动词： seat , prepare , hide , dress

如：I seated myself on the chair.I was seated on the chair.6．分词做状语与不定式的区别：

分词做状语表示时间、原因、让步、条件、方式、伴随等；而不定式表示目的和结果。Having finished the homework , I went home.（时间）Being a Party member , I should work hard.（原因）Given more time ,I can do my work better.（条件）He ran out of the classroom ,shouting at the boy.（伴随）

To get more knowledge , we must work harder and harder.(目的)He is old enough to join the army.（结果）7．分词、动名词和不定式作定语的区别

a running horse 现在分词 = a horse that is running a fallen leaf 过去分词 = a leaf that has already fallen a walking stick 动名词 = a stick for walking

something to do 不定式 = something that I should do 8．不定式被动式、分词的被动式和过去分词的区别： I have a problem to be discussed at the meeting.(将来)The building being built on the river is the Science Museum.（正在进行）The building completed three years ago is now in bad conditions.（过去）9．分词做状语需要注意的一个问题：

分词与句子主语的逻辑关系

Seeing from the hill , the city looks beautiful.(错误)Seen from the hill , the city looks beautiful.（正确）

Seeing 与the city 不是主谓关系；seen 与city 是动宾关系 练习

I.单项选择

1.Most of the people _____ to the party were famous scientists.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.inviting

2.______ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.A.Having being told B.Though had been told C.He was told D.Having told

3.She reached the top of the hill and stopped _____ on a big rock by the side of the path.A.to have rested B.testing C.to rest D.rest 4.The next morning she found the man ______ in bed , dead.A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying

5.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier , _______ it more difficult.A.to make B.not to make C.not making D.to not make 6.The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 B.C., did not include women plays until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing 7.---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.----Well , now I regret ____________that.A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with talks , _______ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added 9._______ a reply , he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received 10.The speaker raised his voice, but he still couldn’t make himself ________.A.hear B.to hear C.hearing D.heard

Robert is said ___ abroad , but I don’t know what country be studied in.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studying II.用动词的正确形式填空

1.Little Tom should love ________(take)to the theatre this evening.2.Paul doesn’t have to be made _______(learn).He always works hard.3.The computer centre , ______(open)last year , is very popular among the students in this school.4.Go on _____(do)the other exercise after you have finished this one.5.How about two of us ______(take)a walk down the garden.答案： I 1.A 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.D II 1.to be taken;2.to learn;3.opened;4.to do;5.taking

非谓语动词练习: 1.I really appreciate ________ to relax with you on this nice island.A.to have had time

B.having time

C.to have time

D.to having time 2.Sandy could do nothing but ________ to his teacher that he was wrong.A.admit

B.admitted

C.admitting

D.to admit 3.In order to gain a bigger share in the International market, many state-run companies are striving _________ their products more competitive.A.to make

B.making

C.to have made

D.having made 4.When_______, the museum will be open to the public next year.A.completed

B.completing

C.being completed

D.to be completed 5.Having a trip abroad a certain good for the old couple, but it remains ________ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see

B.to be seen

C.seeing

D.seen 6.The manager, ________ his factory products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.A.knowing

B.known

C.to know

D.being known 7.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction.A.seeing

B.having seen

C.to have seen

D.to see 8.The discovery of new evidence led to ______.A.the thief having caught

B.catch the thief

C.the thief being caught

D.the thief to be caught 9.He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket a passenger.A.put

B.to be putting

C.to put

D.putting 10.Victor apologized for _______ to inform me the change in the plan.A.his being not able

B.him not to be able

C.his not being able

D.him to be not able 11.Suddenly, a tall man _________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods.A.seizing;disappeared

B.seized;disappeared

C.seizing;disappearing

D.seized;disappearing 12._______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A.To wait

B.Have waited

C.Having waited

D.To have waited 13.Don’t leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth.A.run

B.running

C.being run

D.to run 14.The flu is believed ________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A.causing

B.being caused

C.to be caused

D.to have caused 15.The flowers ________ sweet in the botanic garden attracted the visitors to the beauty nature.A.to smell

B.smelling

C.smelt

D.to be smelt 16.If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ________ it---you have got some big bills coming.A.forget

B.forgot

C.forgetting

D.to forget 17.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film star had already left.A.to tell

B.to be told

C.telling

D.told 18.Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ________ the exam.A.pass

B.to pass

C.passed

D.passing 19.You were silly not ________ your car.A.to lock

B.to have locked

C.locking

D.having locked 20.________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all.A.Compare

B.When comparing

C.Comparing

D.When compared 21.________ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to his boss for advice.A.To face

B.Having faced

C.Faced

D.Facing 22.The storm left, ______ a lot of damage to this area.A.caused

B.to have caused

C.to cause

D.having caused 23.Having been attacked by terrorists, _________.A.doctors came to their rescue

B.the tall building collapsed

C.an emergency measure was taken

D.warnings were given to the tourists 24.-----English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?

-----Yes, ________ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to communicate and read.A.Know

B.Knowing

C.To know

D.Known 25.While watching TV, ________.A.the doorbell rang

B.the doorbell rings

C.we heard the doorbell ring

D.we heard the doorbell rings 26.It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview.________ the answer ready will be of great help.A.To have had

B.Having had

C.Have

D.Having 27.I couldn’t do my home work with all that noise _________.A.going on

B.goes on

C.went on

D.to go on 28.I don’t want ________ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.A.to sound

B.to be sounded

C.sounding

D.to have sounded 29.At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and ________ down to eat our picnic lunch.A.sitting

B.having sat

C.to sit

D.sat 30.I really can’t understand _________ her like that.A.you treat

B.you to treat

C.why treat

D.your treating 31.The bank is reported in the local newspaper__________ in broad daylight yesterday.A.being robbed

B.having been robbed

C.to have been robbed

D.robbed 32.________ all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds.A.To grow

B.Growing

C.Grown

D.Grow 33.If the building project ________ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.A.being completed

B.is completed

C.to be completed

D.completed 34.Mrs.Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had ________ went wrong again.A.it repaired

B.to be repaired

C.repair

D.repaired 35.No one had told Smith about __________ a lecture the following day.A.there being

B.there be

C.there would be

D.there was 36.I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is , than ______ a room with someone else.A.share

B.to share

C.sharing

D.to have shared 37.Taking this kind of medicine, if ________, will surely produce side effect.A.continue

B having continued

C.continuing

D.continued 38._______ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.A.The girl was educated

B.The girl educated

C.The girl’s educating

D.The girl’s being educated 39._________ hardly made Allan pay any attention to _________ his mistakes.A.Scolding;correcting

B.Being scolded;correct

C.Being scolded;correcting

D.Having been scolded;correct 40.Joe stopped eating chocolate, and he went back ___________ again.A.to smoking

B.to smoke

C.smoking

D.smoke 41.A Brazilian mask maker has finished two models of mask of Iraqi ex-president Saddam Hussein, one of him in power and one of him when _________ by US soldiers.A.caught

B.catching

C.to be caught

D.to catch 42.-----What happened to you on your way back to the hotel last night?

-----I lost my way in complete darkness and, __________ things worse, it began to pour.A.making

B.to make

C.having made

D.made 43.------Did you forget to mention my name or fear something when you applied for an instructor?

------I meant ________, but they ________ favorites of the people in the power.A.to have mentioned;were

B.to have;are

C.mentioning;have been

D.to have been mentioned;had been 44.With no rain for three months and food supplies __________ out, the situation here is getting from bad to worse.A.run

B.running

C.to run

D.to be run 45.________ his age, he did it quite well, so don’t _______ him any more.A.Given;blame

B.Considered;say

C.To regard;scold

D.Considering;speak 46.The two scientists have discovered 65 of the more than 100 planets______ orbiting other stars.A.have been found

B.have found

C.to be found

D.found 47.The bird flu _______ through Asia has jumped from birds to humans at least 20 times so far, _______ 16.A.sweeps;killed

B.swept;killing

C.sweeping;to kill

D.sweeping;killing 48.The speech which he made ________ the football match bored a lot of fans to death.A.being concerned

B.be concerned

C.concerned

D.concerning 49.Having no money but _______ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.A.no to want anyone

B.wanted no one

C.not wanting anyone

D.to want no one 50.A remote-controlled bomb exploded outside a hotel yesterday, ______ at least 20 people.A.having been injured

B.having injured

C.injuring

D.injured 51.-----What’s matter with Tim?

------Oh.Tim’s cell phone was left in a taxi accidentally, never ______ again.A.to find

B.to be found

C.finding

D.being found 52.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office but our work _______, we refused the offer.A.not finishing

B.had not been finished

C.not having finished

D.not being finished 53.Though ___________ nature resources, the area is well developed.A.lacked

B.lacking of

C.lacking

D.lacked in 54.What worried me most was ________to go abroad alone.A.my not allowing

B.having not allowed

C.my being not allowed

D.my not being allowed 55.My job was to wash bottles, which would then be filled with wine, or _______ the filled bottles in boxes.A.to put

B.putting

C.having put

D.being put

Answer: 1-5 BAAAB

6-10 ADCDC

11-15 DCBCB

16-20 ABDBD

21-25CDBAC

26-30 DAADD

31-35CBCDA

36-40 ADDAA

41-45ABBBA

46-50DDDCC 51-55 BDCDA

第二篇：非谓语动词

初中英语分类练习

——非谓语动词

非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式，而不是作谓语的动词形式。动词的非谓语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。

Climbing mountain is a good exercise.(Climbing..., 动名词起名词作用）

Do you know the man wearing a white shirt.（wearing..分词起形容词作用）

He gets up early to catch the first bus.(to catch...不定式起副词作用)

谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别：

1)谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。

Miss Mary teaches us English.玛丽教我们英语。（teaches 动词作谓语）

Mr.Li came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.（to have a talk....不定式作状语）

2)谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。

Mike likes the pop music.（动词用单数第三人称形式）

Lucy has nothing to do today。（do 用原形）

非谓语动词的特征：如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面须跟宾语。

Studying English is my favorite.（studying 后跟宾语）

To help him is my duty.帮助他是我的责任。（help 后跟宾语）非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。

Working under such a condition is terrible.(under such a condition 是 working 的状语）It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.（for him 作不定式的逻辑主语）非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。

I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.（to have kept...是不定式的完成形式）

Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.（Seen from...是分词的被动形式）非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。

Our coming made him happy.（coming 起名词作用）

There are two big swimming pools here.(swimming 起形容词作用)

非谓语动词的形式变化：

不定式主动被动

一般to writeto be written

进行to be writing

完成to have writtento have been written

完成进行to have been writing

现 在 分 词主动被动

一般writingbeing written

完成having writtenhaving been written

过去分词主动被动

一般written

动名词主动被动

一般writing being written

完成having writtenhaving been written●动 词 不 定 式：

动词不定式是由 to + 动词原形构成，在句中起名词，形容词和副词的作用，可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。

1.动词不定式作主语：

To mast a language is not an easy thing.To teach English is my favorite.It's my pleasure to help you.动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面，而用 it 作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。

It's very kind of you to have given us much help.你给了我们那么多的帮助真是太好了。

It's necessary to find the witness.有必要找到目击者。

2.动词不定式作宾语：

某些及物动词可以用动词不定式作宾语，这些动词有decide, begin, help, begin, want, wish, like, forget, learn, ask.What I wish is to learn English well.I like to help others if I can.3.动词不定式作宾语补语。

We expect you to be with us.我们希望你和我们在一起。

Please ask him to come here quickly.请叫他快过来。

4.动词不定式作表语 ：

What I should do is to finish the task soon.我应该做的是赶快完成任务。

The most urgent thing is to find the boy immediately.当务之急是马上去找孩子。

5.动词不定式作定语：

There are many ways to solve the problem.有许多方法能解决这个问题。

I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。

6.不定式作状语：

We went to the hospital to see our teacher.我们去医院看了我们的老师。

She is making a test to get a kind of useful medicine from a Tibet flower.她在做试验，从一种西藏花中提取某种有用的药物。

动词不定式的否定形式：

not + to + 动词原形

The teacher told us not to swim in that river.老师告诉我们不要在那条河里游泳。

It's unfair not to tell us.没告诉我们真是不公平。

带疑问词的不定式：

疑问词who, what,which,when, where, how, why 可以加在不定式的前面，构成不定式短语，使含义更加具体。

Where to go is not known yet.去什么地方还不知道。

I don't know when to begin.我不知道什么时间开始。

Can you tell me where to get the battery.你能告诉我哪儿能买到电池吗？

Do you know how to get to the station.你知道怎样去车站吗？

带逻辑主语的不定式：

动词不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成方法是： for + 逻辑主语 + 不定式。

注意：逻辑主语用宾格形式，for 本身无实际意义，它只表明后面的主语从逻辑上分析是不定式的主语。It's necessary for us to help each other.我们互相帮忙是必要的。

There are much work for me to finish, 有许多工作要我去完成。

动词不定式的被动形式： 表示不定式动词同所修饰的名词是被动关系。

He is the man to be examined.他是受检查的人。

There are much work to be done.有好多工作要做。

●动 名 词

动名词是由动词原形 + ing 构成，同现在分词形式一样，在句中可作主语，宾语，表语和定语。

1)动名词作主语：

Talking like that is not polite.Learning from others is important.Putting on more clothes is not so good.（注：动名词可以象动词不定式一样，用 it 先行祠代替，而把动名词写在后面。

It's no use waiting here, let's go home.It's very difficult climbing this mountain.2)动名词作表语

The nurse's job is looking after the patients.Seeing is believing.3)动名词作宾语

有些动词须用动名词来作宾语,它们是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, keep.Please stop smoking in the house.I like reading in the forest.Do you mind my opening the windows?

4）动名词作定语

She is studying in the reading room.He slept in the sleeping bag.（动名词的否定形式：not + 动名词

He pretend not knowing it at all.他假装全然不知。

We considered not doing it now.我们考虑现在不做这件事。

动名词的被动形式 ：

（当动名词和它的逻辑主语是被动关系时，用动名词的被动形式来表示。）

His being looked down upon made him sick.I can't really stand being treated like that.动名词的几种特殊情况：

1)有些动词的后面能跟动名词做宾语，有些动词能跟不定式，有些两者都可以，它们的具体含义有时还不一样。

能跟动名词的动词有：

avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, can't help, 等。

能跟不定式的动词有：

decide, desire, expect, hope, mean, pretend, promise, refuse, undertake, want, wish, agree, manage,能跟动名词和不定式的动词有： love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continue, intend, attempt, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try, deserve, start,动词后面跟动名词还是不定式，含义不相同，总的来说，表示习惯的，一般性的动作多跟动名词，一次性的具体的被动动作多跟不定式。

I like to go with you.我想和你一块儿去。

I like reading.He promised to help her.We love watching VCD.2)remember, forget, regret后面跟动名词时，动名词表示过去的动作，后面跟不定式时，不定式表示将来的动作。

I remember meeting him in the street.I remember to write a letter to my parents.3)“stop + 动名词”表示停止动名词所表示的动作，“stop + 不定式”表示停下来做不定式所表示的动作。

Stop smoking, please.请不要抽烟。

Let's stop to have a rest.咱们停下来休息一下吧。

4)动名词和分词的区别：

动名词作定语时，动名词和它所修饰的词没有逻辑上的主谓关系，而分词作定语时，分词和它所修饰的词有逻辑上的主谓关系。

reading text 阅读课文 〔动名词〕 developing country 发展中国家 〔分词〕

a sleeping bag 睡袋 〔动名词〕 boiled water 开水 〔分词〕

●分 词

分词是由动词 +ing 或 动词 + ed 构成，它在句中起形容词或副词的作用，可以作定语，表语，状语。workingworkedwashingwashed

分词可分为现在分词和过去分词两种，现在分词的形式同动名词一样，在动词后面加 ing。而过去分词的形式则在动词后面加 ed.分词在句中可作定语，状语或表语。

1.分词作定语

China is a developing country.That's an interesting story.The girl singing for us is ten years old.作定语的分词要放在被修饰的名词之前，如果是分词词组则放在被修饰的名词之后，如被修饰的名词是 something, anything, everything, nothing 等，分词放在被修饰名词的后面。

The working people have played a great role in the activity.The boy hurt by the car was sent to the hospital immediately.There is nothing interesting.没什么有趣的事。

分词和动名词都可以作定语，判断是分词还是动名词，可以根据它们和被修饰词有无逻辑上的主谓关系来判断，有主谓关系的是分词，否则判断为动名词。

a swimming girl 游泳的女孩。（分词）

a swimming pool 游泳的池子（动名词）

2.分词作状语

Being a student, he likes to help others.Wearing a new pair of glasses, she can read easily.She is there waiting for us.Told by the teacher, she knew she was wrong.3.分词作表语

The story is interesting.We are interested in computer.The glass is broken.The water is boiled.4.分词作宾语补足语

可以跟宾语补足语的谓语动词有 see, watch, hear, set, keep, find, have, get 等词。I saw him walking in the street.I heard them singing in the classroom.We found the boy sleeping.have 后面的宾语补足语用过去分词常表示动作不是句子的主语发出的，而是由别人做的。I have my hair cut.我理发了。（是别人给我理发）

She has her bike repaired.她把自行车修理了。（别人修理的）

They have their house rebuilt.他们重修了房子。

分词的否定形式。not + 分词

Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to wait.不知道下一步干什么，她停下来等着。

Not having finished the homework, the little girl doesn't dare to go to school.小女孩没完成作业不敢去学校。

分词的时态 分词的一般时表示动作同谓语动词的动作同时发生或之前发生。

Seeing the teacher is coming, the students stopped playing.看到老师进来，学生们停下来不玩了。

Coming into the room, he lied on his bed.回到家后，他就躺在床上。

分词的完成时表示的动作在谓语动词的前面发生。

Having received a latter, I knew everything is all right.收到一封信后，我知道一切都很好。

Having had my supper, I went out for a walk.晚饭后，我出去散步了。

Having known that he won the match, he threw the cap into the sky.他知道自己比赛获胜，高兴地把帽子扔上了天。

分词的被动形式 分词的被动形式表示分词动作同所修饰的名词有一种被动关系。The entertainment building being built will be completed next year.正在建设的娱乐大楼明年完工。

第三篇：非谓语动词

非谓语动词专项练习

1.There ______ no classes yesterday, we paid a visit to the Great Wall.A.wasB.beingC.wereD.had been

2.The policeman rushed into the room only ______ an old lady lying on the ground.A.foundB.findC.findingD.to find

3.The boy lay on the ground, his eyes ______ and his hands ______.A.closing;tremblingB.closed;trembling

C.closed;trembledD.closing;trembled

4.______, the girls raced on to the second runners.A.Stick in handB.With a stick in her hand

C.Sticks in handD.Sticks in hands

5.Each of them got up early ______ to catch the early bus.A.to hopeB.hopingC.so thatD.and

6.How pleased the Emperor was ______ what the cheats said!

A.hearingB.heardC.hearD.to hear

7.We should prevent pollution ______ happily.A.from livingB.livingC.to livingD.to live

8.I am busy now, so I can’t help ______ the machine.A.repairB.to have repairedC.repairingD.fixing

9.Jane came very close ______ a gold medal for Britain in the Olympics.A.to winB.winningC.to winningD.to be won

10.The boy seated himself in the corner with his back ______ to his father.A.turningB.to turnC.to be turnedD.turned

11.----By the way, when did you get your bedroom ______?

----Last week.A.to paintB.paintedC.paintingD.to be painted

12.He likes ______, but he doesn’t like ______ today because it is too cold.A.to swim;to swimB.swimming;swimming

C.to swim;swimmingD.swimming;to swim

13.There is ______ what the weather will be like.A.not knowingB.no knowingC.not knowD.no known

14.The novel is said ______ into many languages.A.to translateB.being translated

C.to have been translatedD.having been translated

15.I’m examining the composition he has just finished ______ the possible mistakes in it.A.correctingB.to correctC.correctedD.correct

16.They would not allow him ______ across the enemy line.A.to risk goingB.risking to go

C.for risk to goD.risk going

17.He spent as much time as he could _____ the child.A.teachingB.to teachC.teachD.for teaching

18.----Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?

----I ______, but I had an unexpected visitor.A.hadB.wouldC.was going toD.did

19.How pleased the Emperor was ______ what the cheats said!

A.hearingB.to hearC.heardD.hear

20.______ the room, a letter was laid on the ground.A.EnteringB.Having entered

C.He enteredD.Mrs Green entering

21.They set out ______ for the ______ boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lost

C.to search;lostD.to search;missed

22.______ her mother had come, her face lit up.A.HearingB.Having heard

C.When hearingD.When she heard

23.They arrived at their university very late, ______ the gate closely shut.A.foundB.to findC.findD.finding

24.----Do you have anything more ______, sir?

----No.You can have a rest or do something else.A.typingB.to be typedC.typedD.to type

25.The manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.A.to be informedB.on informing C.informedD.informing

26.With a lot of difficult problems ______, the manager felt worried all the time.A.to settleB.settlingC.settledD.being settled

27.Will those ______ the children from abroad come to the headmaster’s office?

A.teachingB.teachC.who teachesD.who teaching

28.After ______ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A.being interviewedB.interviewed

C.interviewingD.having interviewed

29.They apologized for ______ to attend the meeting.A.their not being ableB.their being not able

C.them not ableD.them being able not

30.They would not allow him ______ across the enemy line.A.to risk goingB.risking to go C.for risk to goD.risk going

31.______ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may produce variants(变异

体)of genes in human bodies.A.Being exposedB.Having exposed

C.ExposedD.After being exposed

32.China became the 143rd member of the World Trade Organization on December 11, 2001, thus ______ its 15-year wish to join the global trade body.A.having realizedB.realizedC.realizingD.to realize

33.Tom looked at Jenny, tears ______ his eyes, and shouted out the words ______ in his heart for years.A.filling;having hiddenB.filled;hidden

C.filling;hiddenD.filled;hiding

34.They apologized for ______ to attend the meeting.A.their not being ableB.their being not able

C.them not ableD.them being able not

35.Which will you enjoy ______ your vacation, traveling abroad or working in the countryside?

A.to spendB.spendC.spendingD.spent

36.----Will you please tell us how you can seize the robbers?

----I will spend a whole week ______ in your room to wait for their coming.A.lockingB.to lockC.lockedD.being locked

37.I regret ______ you that they are unable to come to your wedding tomorrow.A.informingB.having informed

C.to have been informedD.to inform

38.He wondered if he could slip out of the lecture hall without anyone ______.A.noticingB.noticedC.to noticeD.being noticed

39.After ______ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A.being interviewedB.interviewed

C.interviewingD.having interviewed

40.He spoke in such a high voice ______ out in the street.A.as to be heardB.to be heardC.as to hearD.to hear

41.As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be set up in every town ______ 50 households or more.A.havingB.to haveC.to have hadD.having had

42.The building project ______ next year is, I think, not easy ______ in time.A.being carried out;to complete B.carried out;to be completed

C.to be carried out;to complete D.to be carried out;to be completed

43.The reason ______ she gave for not coming to the party is that her mother wouldn’t allow her to.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.because

44.Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the Grand Hotel? I thought it was on this corner, but I seem to ______ a mistake.A.makeB.be makingC.having made D.have made

45.----Here’s a new pair of shoes for you.----Thank you, but there’s no need ______ a new pair for me.A.to have boughtB.to buyC.buyingD.to be buying

46.What worried the boy most was ______ to visit his father in the hospital.A.his not allowingB.his not being allowed

C.having not been allowedD.his being not allowed

47.To do a bit for the motherland, ______.A.working hard is necessary

B.to learn a foreign language is needed

C.it is important to master science

D.one should serve the people whole-heartedly

48.Everything ______ into consideration, they ought to have another chance.A.to takeB.takenC.to be takenD.taking

49.The officials discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next month.A.carry outB.carrying outC.to carry outD.carried out

50.With a lot of difficult problems ______, the manager felt worried all the time.A.to settleB.settlingC.settledD.being settled

51.----Do you have anything more ______, sir?

----No, you can have a rest or do something else.A.typingB.to be typedC.typedD.to type

52.The manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.A.to be informedB.on informingC.informedD.informing

答案：

1------5BDBAB6------10DDACD 11------15BDBCB16------20AACBD 21------25CDDBC26------30AAAAA 31------35ACCAA

41------45ACADA

51-----55BC

36-----40CDAAA 46------50BDBDA

第四篇：非谓语动词(教案)

非谓语动词（教案）

在英语中，不是用作句子的谓语，而是用于担任其他语法功能的的动词，称之为非谓语动词。非谓语动词有三种：不定式、动名词和分词。一．非谓语动词与谓语动词之区别：

1．相同之处：

1）可以有宾语： He bought a house.He was considering buying a house.He wanted to buy a house.2)可以被状语修饰：

He always gets up very early.He is used to getting up early.3)可以有“体”式和语态的变化： She has finished her job.Having finished her work,she went home.She is treated fairly.She insisted on being treated fairly.4)可以有自己的逻辑主语： My wife often works late.I dislike my wife’s working late.It was a hot day.It being a hot day, we stayed home.2．不同之处：

1）可以起名词作用（如：不定式和动名词），在句中作主、宾、表语。Your duty is to look after the children.Complaining is no use.2）可以起形容词作用（如：不定式和分词），在句中作表语、定语和宾语补足语等。The vase is broken.He is the a nice person to work with.We found the story amusing.3）可以起副词作用（如：不定式和分词），在句中作状语。They are working hard to win still greater victory.The sick man came in, supported by two nurses.二．不定式：

1．作主语（常置于句末，而用代替其做形式主语）To learn a foreign language is not easy.It is not easy(for me)to learn a foreign language.2．作表语

My job is to look after the babies.What I would like you to do is to keep silent about it.3．作宾语

He offered to go with us.I want to see him.He considered it his duty to support his family.作宾语补语（在see, hear, observe, watch, feel, notice等感官动词以及let, make,have等动词后面，作宾补的不定式 to均省去）They asked him to sing a pop song at the concert.They heard him sing a pop song in the meeting room.He was heard to sing a pop song in the meeting room.4．作定语

Do you have anything to eat in your bag? He is always the first to come and the last to leave.5．作状语

In order to save the the child, he dived into the river.We are overjoyed to see you.6．不定式的逻辑主语：

I found it impossible for him to do the job alone.7．连接词+不定式

He will tell me how to use the dictionary.Where to get the book is what I want to know.He didn’t tell us where to go and when to set out.8．不定式的否定形式

They decided not to give up trying.9．不定式的时态

We are happy to be with you on this trip.She is sure to succeed in the election.I’m sorry to be troubling you at such a time.I’m glad to be working with you.I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.The enemy was reported to have surrendered two days before.10． 不定式的语态

This book is said to have been translated into many languages.It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.三．动名词：

1．作主语

Saying so much is useless/no good/(of)no use It is useless/no good/(of)no use saying so much.Reading French is easier than speaking it.2．作表语

My hobby is collecting stamps.My great pleasure is learning English.3．作宾语

（下列动词只能接动名词avoid, consider, deny, enjoy, escape, finish, mind, keep, practise, miss，regret, insist on, give up, put off, object to）He enjoys listening to classical music.We must avoid making such mistakes again.I wouldn’t mind waiting for another ten minutes.（有些动词后面可接动名词，也可接不定式：begin, start, continue, like, hate, prefer但动名词表示的意义是在一般情况下的行为，而不定式则表示某个具体的、一次性的行为。）

I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim this afternoon.4．介词宾语

Are you used to eating American food? She went to school without having breakfast.5．动名词的逻辑主语

Do you mind(my)opening the window.Tom insisted on my brother’s going with him.动名词和不定式作宾语，意义不同的几组词： stop to do sth

（停下一件事去做另一件事）stop doing sth

（停止做某事）Remember to do sth.（记住要做某事）Remember doing sth（记得曾做过某事）Forget to to do sth（忘记要做某事）Forget doing sth（忘记曾做过某事）

Regret to do sth（因要做某事而感到不安）Regret doing sth（因做了某事而感到后悔）Go on to do sth（接着做另一件事）Go on doing sth（继续做某事）Try to do sth（尽力做某事）Try doing sth（尝试做某事）Need to do sth（需要做某事）Need doing（需要被做）Want to do sth（想做某事）Want doing

（需要被做）

Used to do sth（过去常常做某事）Be used doing sth（习惯做某事）

6．动名词的体式和语态

He was praised for having made a great contribution to his country.His having been elected chairman of the club surprised us greatly.Jane like being read to when she is ill.He did it without being asked.四．分词

分词有两种：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示的意义是主动的、进行的；过去分词表示的意义是被动的、完成的。The developing countries The developed countries

1．作表语：

The story is very interesting.I am interested in English.The film is moving.We were moved by the film.2．作定语：

It is an interesting book.We must learn from the working people.The boy singing on the stage is my brother.This is a book written by a famous scientist.3．作宾语补足语：

(see, hear, feel, notice, watch, 分词说明动作正在发生；不定式说明动作发生的全过程。)I saw him going into the room.I saw him go into the room.4．作状语：

1)作时间或原因状语：

working in the open air,he often sings songs.Having finished his work, he went to bed.Knowing that it was going to rain, he decided not to go out.2)作伴随状语：

They stood there waiting for the bus.He lay in bed reading a novel.

第五篇：非谓语动词教案

非

谓

语

动

词 之 现在分词

教

案

刘黎清

教学目标

1.掌握分词作定语、表语、补足语、状语（时间、原因、方式、结果和伴随等状语的用法）。2.掌握动名词作主语、宾语的用法。

教学重点

动词除了在句子中充当谓语外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质动词的非谓语形式，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语等，称作非谓语动词，包括动词不定式、分词和动名词。

教学难点

1、掌握分词、动名词在句子中的作用

2、分词作定语和状语的异同

3、注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确定非谓语动词的时态形式

教学要点

非谓语动词和独立主格结构主要用法如下： 1.动名词作主语、宾语；

2.只跟动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语； 3.动名词的复合结构在句中作状语；

教学步骤

I谓语动词目前学过的有哪些？

1.V/V.S(一般现在时，经常性动作）

2.V.ed

(一般过去时，过去的动作）

3.am/is/are + V.ing(现在进行时，表正在进行）4.was/were + V.ing(过去进行时，过去正在进行）

5.will + V.或 am/is/are going to + V.(一般将来时，将来要做的动作）

6.would + V.或 was/were going to + V.(过去将来时，过去某个时间点开始的将来）7.have/has + V.过分（现在完成时，到现在为止已经做了什么）8.had + V.过分（过去完成时，到过去某个点为止已经做了什么）

II非谓语动词有几个？是什么？ 1.to + V.2.V.ing 3.V.过分

III 本课重点V.ing形式 1.做主语

Eating too much is bad for our health.Crying over spilt milk is no use.(覆水难收）

2.做宾语（只能做某些及物动词的宾语）她昨天读完了那本小说。

She finished reading that novel yesterday.下列动词后多用动名词做宾语

admit(承认）

avoid(避免）consider（思考，认为）mind

miss

escape(避开）practice

prevent resist(抵抗）

imagine can’t help

give up put off

set about(着手）keep on

excuse(原谅）feel like(想要）

object to(反对）

3.做表语

Her job is teaching math.4.做定语

The developing countries are trying their best to develop economy.5.做宾补

I saw him walking across the street.V.ing 做宾补，常放在see, hear, notice, watch，keep，find，feel, look at，listen to, observe(观看）, sense（感觉）, get（让，使）, have（让，使)等词之后

6.做状语

Putting down the newspaper, I walked over the window and looked out.(时间）

V.ing 做状语时，常表示时间，原因，条件，让步，方式，伴随，结果，目的等

IV Please do the exercise I and II in your hand-outs and check with your partner.V Translate the sentences of exercise III in your hand-outs.1.这样做可以省很多时间和金钱。

Doing in this way can save a lot of time and money.（主语）2.看到孩子，她禁不住哭了起来。

Seeing her child, she couldn’t helping

crying.（状语，表时间）3.我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。

Our job is playing all kinds of music.（表语）4.他练习写字作为家庭作业。He practiced writing for homework.（宾语）5.你介意做一个关于学校生活的报告吗？

Would you mind giving a report about school life?（宾语）6.拒绝邀请并不总是很容易的。

Refusing invitations is not always easy.（主语）7.我吃完早饭后出去了。

After eating lunch, I went out.（状语，表前后时间）8.老师给我们上了一堂写作课。

The teacher gave us a writing class.（定语）9.正在读小说的男孩听到噪音后放下了书。

After hearing the noise, the boy reading a novel put down the book.（状语和定语）10.如果从山上看，这个公园很美。

If being seen from the mountain, the park is very beautiful.（状语，表条件）

V Homework

VI V.ing 做主语，宾语，定语，状语，宾补，表语各写5个句子。