2016TED演讲：更好对话的10种方式英文加中文翻译

第一篇：2016TED演讲：更好对话的10种方式英文加中文翻译

All right ,I want to see a show of hands:how many of you have,unfriended someone on Facebook because they said something offensive about politics or religon,childcare food? And how many of you know at least one person that you avoid because you just don't want to talk to them?You know,it used to be that in order to have a polite conversation we just had to follow the advice of Henry Higgins in “My Fair Lady.” Stick to the weather and your health.But these days,with climate change and anti-vaxxing,those subject… are not safe either.So this world that we live in, this world in which every conversation has the potential to devolve into an argument, where our politicians can't speak to one another and where even the most trivial of issues have someone fighting both passionately for it and against it,it's not normal.Pew Research did a study of 10000 American adults,and they found that at this moment,we are more popularized,we are more divided,than we ever have been in history.We're less likely to compromise,which means we're not listening to each other.And we make decisions about where to live,who to marry and even who our friends are going to be,based on what we already believe.Again,that means we're not listening to each other.A conversation requires a balance between talking and listening,and somewhere along the way,we lost that balance.Now,part of that is due to technology.The smartphones that you all either have in your hands or close enough that you could grab them really quickly.According to Pew Research,about a third of American teenagers send more than a hundred text a day.And many of them,almost most of them, are more likely to text their friends than they are to talk to them face to face.There's this great piece in The Atlantic.It was written by a high school teacher named Paul Barnwell.And he gave his kids a communication project.He wanted to teach them how to speak in a specific subject without using notes.And he said this “I came to realize…”“I came to realize that conversational competence might be the single most overlooked skill we fail to teach.” Kids spend hours each day engaging with ideas and each other through screens,but rarely do they have an opportunity to hone their interpersonal communication skills.It mingt should like a funny question,but we have to ask ourselves:Is there any 21st-century skill more important than being able to sustain coherent,confident conversation?Now,I make my living talking to people:Nobel Prize winners,truck drivers,billionaires,kindergarten teachers,head of state,plumbers.I talk to people that I like.I talk to people that I don't like.I talk to some people that I disagree with deeply on a personal level.But I still have a great conversation with them.So I'd like to spend the next 10 minutes or so teaching you how to talk and how to listen.Many of you have already hear a lot of advice on this,things like look the person in the eye,think of interesting topics to discuss in advance,look,nod and smile to show that you're paying attention,repeat back what you just heard or summarize it.So I want you to forget all of that.It is crap.There is no reason to learn how to show you're paying attention if you are in fact paying attention.Now,I actually use the exact same skills as a professional interviewer that I do in regular life.So,I'm going to teach you how to interview people, and that's actually going to help you learn how to be better conversationalists.Learn to have a conversation without wasting your time,without getting bored ,and,please God,without offending anybody.We've all had really great conversations.We've had them before.We know what it's like.The kind of conversation where you walk away feeling engaged and inspired,or where you feel like you've made a real connection or you've been perfectly understood.There is no reason why most of your interactions can't be like that.So I have 10 basic rules.I'm going to walk you through all of them,but honestly,if you just choose one of them and master it,you'll already enjoy better conversations.Number 1:Don't multitask.And I don't mean just set down your cell phone or your tablet or your car keys or whatever is in you hand.I mean, be present.Be in that moment.Don't think about your argument you had with your boss.Don't think about what you're going to have for dinner.If you want to get out of the conversation,get out of the conversation,but don't be half in it and half out of it.Number 2:Don't pontificate.If you want to state your opinion without any opportunity for response or argument or pushback or growth,write a blog.Now,there's a reall good reason why I don't allow pundits on my show :Because they're really boring.If they're conservative,they're going to hate Obama and food stamps and abortion.If they're liberal,the're going to hate big banks and oil corporations and Dick Cheney.Totally pre dictable.And you don't want to be like that.You need to enter every conversation assuming that you have something to learn.The famed therapist M.Scott Peck said that true listening requires a setting aside of oneself.And sometimes that means setting aside your personal opinion.He said that sensing this acceptance,the speaker will become less and less vulnerable and more and more likely to open up the inner recesses of his or her mind to the listener.Again,assume that you have something to learrn.Bill Nye:“Everyone you will never meet knows something that you don't.”I put it this way.Everybody is an expert in something.Number 3:Use open-ended questions.In this case,take a cue from journalists.Start your questions with who, what,when ,where,why or how.If you put in a complicated question,you're going to get a simple answer out.If I ask you,“Were you trerrified?” you're going to respond to the most powerful word in that sentence,which is “terrified”,and the answer is “Yes,I was”or “No,I wasn't.”“Were you angry?”“Yes,I was very angry.”Let them describe it.They're the ones that know.Try asking them things like,“What was that like?”“How did that feel?”Because then they might have to stop for a moment and think about it,and you're going to get a much more interesting respone.Number 4:Go with the flow.That means thoughts will come into your mind,and you need to let them go out of your mind.We've heared interviews often in which a guest is talking for several minutes and then the host comes back in and asks a question which sees like it comes out of nowhere,or it's already been answered.That means the host probably stopped listening two minutes ago because he thought of this really clever question,and he was just bound and determined to say that.And we do the exact same thing.We're sitting there having a conversation with someone,and then we remember that time that we met Hugh Jackman in a coffee shop.And we stop listening.Stories and ideas are going to come to you.You need to let them come and let them go.Number 5:If you don't know,say that you don't know.Now people on the radio,especially on NPR,are mucn more aware that they're going on the record,and so they're more careful about what they claim to be an expert in and what they claim to know for sure.Do that.Err on the side of caution.Talk should not be cheap.Number 6:Don't equate your experience with theirs.If they're talking about having lost a family member,don't start talking about the time you lost a family member.If they're talking about the trouble they're having at work,don't tell them about how much you hate your job.It's not the same.It is never the same.All experiences are individual.And,more importantly,it is not about you.You don't need to take that moment to prove how amazing you are or how much you've suffered.Somebody asked Stephen Hawking once what his IQ was,and he said,“I have no idea.People who brag about their IQs are loser.”Conversations are not a promotional opportunity.Number 7:Try not to repeat yourself.Ir's condescending,and it's really boring,and we tend to do it a lot.Especially in work conversations or in conversations with our kids,we have a point to make,so we just keep rephrasing it over and over.Don't do that.Number 8:Stay out of the weeds.Frankly,people don't care about the years,the names,the dates,allthose details that you're struggling to come up with in your mind.They don't care.What they care about is you.They care about what you're like,what you have in common.So forget the details.Leave them out.Number 9:This is not the last one,but it is the most important one.Listen.I cannot tell you how many really important poeple have said that listening is perhaps the most,the number one most important skill that you could develop.Buddha said,and I'm paraphrasing,“If your mouth is open,you're not learning.”And Calvin Coolidge said,“No man evet listened his way out of a job.”Why do we not listen to each other?lNumber one,we'd rather talk.When I'm talking,I'm in control.I don't have to hear anything I'm not interested in.I'm the center of attention.I can bolster my own identity.But there's another reason:We get didracted.The average person talks at about 225 words per minute,but we can listen at up to 500 words per minute.So our minds are filling in those other 275 words.And look,I know, it takes effort and energy to actually pay attention to someone,but if you can't do that,you're not in a conversation.You're just two people shouting out barely related sentences in the same place.You have to listen to one another.Stephen Covey said it very beautifully.He said,“Most of us don't listen with the intent to understand.We listen with the intent to reply.” One more rule,Number 10,and it's this one:Be brief.A good conversation is like a miniskirt；short enough to retain interest,but long enough to cover the subject-My sister.All of this boils down to the same basic concept,and it is this one:Be interested in other people.You know,I grew up with a very famous grandfather,and there was kind of a ritual in my home.People would come over to talk to my grandparents,and after they would leave,my mother would come over to us,and she'd say,“Do you know who that was?She was the runner-up toMiss American.He was the mayor of Sacramento.She won a Pulitzer Prize.He's a Russian ballet dancer.”And I kind of grew up assuming everyone has some hidden,amazing thing about them.And honestly, I think it's what makes me a better host.I keep my mouth shut as often as I possibly can,I keep my mind open,and I'm always prepared to be amazed,and I'm never disappointed.You do the same thing.Go out, talk to people,listen to people,and,most importantly,be prepared to be amazed.我想让大家举手示意一下:有多少人曾经在社交网络上拉黑过好友，因为他们发表过关于政治、宗教、儿童权益、或者食物等不恰当的言论？有多少人之前有一个不想见的人，因为你就是不想和对方说话。

要知道在过去想要进行一段礼貌的交谈，我们只要遵守亨利·希金斯在《窈窕淑女》中的忠告:谈论天气和你的健康状况就行了，但这些年随着气候变化以及反对疫苗运动的开展，这招也不怎么管用了。

因此在我们生活的这个世界，每一次交谈都有可能发展为争辩。政客无法彼此交流，再鸡毛蒜皮的小事都有人群情激昂的赞成或反对:这太不正常了。

皮尤研究中心对一万名美国成年人做了一次调查，发现我们现在的偏激程度、我们的立场鲜明程度，比历史上任何时期都要高。

我们越来越不倾向于妥协，这意味着我们没有倾听彼此。

我们做的各种决定:选择生活在何处、与谁结婚、甚至和谁交朋友，都只基于我们已经形成的信念。

再重复一遍，这说明我们没有倾听彼此。交流需要平衡讲述和倾听，而不知怎么，我们渐渐失去了这种平衡。

一部分的原因是出于科技的进步。比如智能手机，现在就在你们手里、或者就在旁边，随手就能拿到。

根据皮尤的研究，大约1/3的青少年，每天发送超过100条信息。而这中间很多人，几乎是所有人，更倾向于给朋友发短信，而不是面对面的交谈。，《大西洋》杂志刊登过一篇很棒的文章，作者是一名高中教师，他给自己的学生布置了一项交流任务，希望教会他们如何不借助笔记、针对某一话题发表演讲。

然后他说:“我开始意识到，交流能力可能是最被我们忽视的、没有好好教授学生的技能。孩子们每天花费数小时通过屏幕接触各种观点和其他伙伴，但很少有机会去发掘自己的人际交往技能。”

这听起来很好笑，但我们必须问问自己:21世纪，有什么技能比开展一段连贯、自信的谈话更为重要？

现在，我的职业就是跟别人谈话:诺贝尔奖获得者、卡车司机、亿万富翁、幼儿园老师、州长、水管工-我和我喜欢的人交谈、也和我不喜欢的人交谈。

我和在个人观点上完全无法认同的人交谈，但我仍和他们有很好的交流。所以我希望用接下来的10分钟叫你们如何谈话以及如何倾听。

很多人都已经听过无数的建议，比如看着对方的眼睛，提前想好可以讨论的有趣话题，通过注视、点头、微笑来表明你的专注。

回想一下我刚刚说的这些总结性的建议，然后我想让你们忘掉所有这些，全都没用-如果你确实很专心，根本没有必要去学习如何表现出来。

其实我是把职业访谈者的技巧用在了日常日常生活中，我要来教你们如何采访他人。这其实会帮助你们学习如何成为更好的沟通者。

学习开始一段交谈，不浪费时间、不感到无聊，还有最重要的:不冒犯任何人。

我们都曾有过很棒的交谈经历，我相信大家都曾有过。我知道那是什么感觉，这样的圣诞结束之后，会令你感到很享受、很受鼓舞，也许你会觉得你和别人建立了真实的连接，或者感到完全得到了他人的理解。

没道理大部分的人际互动不能成为这样的享受。

我有10条基本规则，会一条条给你们解释。但说真的，如果你选择其中一条并熟练掌握，你就已经可以享受更愉快的交谈了。

1.不要三心二意。我不是说单纯放下你的手机、平板电脑、车钥匙、或者手里的一切。我的意思是:处于当下，进入对话的情境中去。

不要想着之前和老板的争吵，不要想着你晚饭吃什么。如果你想停止谈话，那就停止好了。不要身在曹营心在汉。

2.不要好为人师。如果你想要表达自己的看法，又不想留下任何机会让人回应、争论或者反驳，写博客去。有个很好的理由来说明谈话里为什么不允许有专家式的说教:因为真的很无聊。

如果对方是个保守派，那一定会讨厌奥巴马、食品券和堕胎。如果对方是个自由派，就一定会讨厌大银行、石油公司和迪克·切尼。这些完全是可以预测的，你肯定不希望那样。

你需要在进行每一次交流时，都假定自己可以学到一些东西。著名的心理治疗师M·斯科特·派克说过:真正的倾听需要把自己放在一边；有时候，这意味着把你的个人观点放在一边。

感受到这种接纳，对话的人会变得越来越不脆弱敏感，也越来越有可能打开自己的内心世界，呈现给倾听者。

再强调一遍，假定你在这场对话中会学到新东西。比尔·奈伊说:“每一个你将要见到的人都有你不知道的东西。” 我来复述一下:每个人都是某一方面的专家。（三人行，必有我师。）

3.使用开放式问题。关于这一点，请参考记者采访的提问方式:以“谁”、“什么”、“何时”、“何地”、“为什么”或“如何”开始提问。如果询问一个复杂的问题，你通常会得到一个简单的回答。如果我问你:“你当时恐惧吗？”你会回应那句话中最有力的词:“恐惧”，而答案将是“是的”或者“不是。你当时气愤吗？”“是的，我当时气的很。”让对方去描述，对方才是了解情境的人。试着这样问对方:“那是什么样子？“你感觉怎么样？””因为这样一来，对方可能需要停下来想一想，而你会得到更有意思的回答。

4.自然的表达即时的想法。也就是说，想法会自然流入你的头脑，而你需要将它们表达出来。我们常听到采访中嘉宾说了几分钟，然后主持人回过头来问问题。这些问题好像不知道从何而来，或者已经被回答过了。这说明主持人可能两分钟前就没在听，因为他想到了这个非常机智的问题，于是就心心念念想着要问。

我们同样也会这么干。当我们和某人做在一起交谈时，可能突然想起那次和休·杰克曼在咖啡店的偶遇，然而我们就不再听了。故事和想法总会不断向你涌来，即便无法阻止，也不要让它们过多的在头脑中逗留，问出来。

5.知之为知之，不知为不知。广播节目里的人，尤其是全国公共广播电台，非常明白他们的谈话会被播出去。所以他们对自己声称专业的领域以及言之凿凿的东西会更加小心。要学着这样做:谨言慎行。谈话应该是负责人的行为。

6.不要拿自己的经历和他人做比较。如果对方说到失去了家人，不要就势开始说你失去家人的事情；如果对方在说工作上的困扰，不要告诉他们你多么讨厌你的工作。这是不一样的，永远不可能一样。任何经历都是独一无二的。而且，更重要的是，这不是在谈论你的事。你不需要在此刻证明你多么能干，或者你经受了多少痛苦。有人曾问史蒂芬·霍金他的智商是多少，他回答道:“我不知道。拿智商吹牛的人都是屌丝。”交谈不是用来推销自己的。

7.尽量别重复自己的观点。这很咄咄逼人，也很无聊，但我们很容易这样做，尤其是在工作交流或者和孩子的谈话中。我们想声明一个观点，于是换着花样不停地说。别这样。

8.不要纠结于细节。说白了，没人在乎那些年份、名字、日期什么的。你努力试图在脑中回想的种种细节，别人不在乎。他们关注的是你。对方关心你是什么样的人、和你有什么共同点。所以忘掉细节吧。别管他们。

9.认真倾听。这不是最后一条，但是最重要的一条。我说不上来到底有多少重要人士都说过:倾听可能是最重要的，是你应该提升的首要技能。佛曰:“如果嘴不停，你就学不到东西。”卡尔文·柯立芝曾说:“从没有人是因为听的太多而被开除的。”为什么我们不愿意倾听彼此？首先，我们更喜欢说。在说话时，一切在我的掌控之中。我不用去听任何不感兴趣的东西，我是焦点，我可以强化自己的认同感。但还有一个原因:我们会收到干扰。人平均每分钟能说225个单词，但每分钟可以听500个单词。所以我们的脑子被这另外275个单词占据了。我知道这很耗费精力，真正注意去听别人讲。但如果你不这么做，你们就不是在交谈。你们只不过是两个人，在同一个地方彼此嚷嚷毫不相关的话。你们必须互相倾听。史蒂芬·柯维对比有精彩的论述。他说:“我们大多数人都不是为了理解而倾听。我们是为了回应而听。”

10.简明扼要。“好的交谈就像恰到好处的迷你裙:足够短，能够吸引人；又足够长，能包住重点”-我妹妹的比喻。所有这些都浓缩成同一个概念就是:对他人产生兴趣。我在一个名人外公的身边长大，家里宾客络绎不绝，访客会前来和我的外祖父母交谈，而那些人离开后，我母亲会过来对我们说:“你们知道那是谁吗？她是美国小姐的亚军，他是萨克拉门托市长，他拿过普利策奖，他是俄罗斯芭蕾舞蹈家。”我在成长中耳濡目染的了解到，每个人都有不为人知的精彩。说真的，我想是这一切让我成为了更好的主持人。我尽量少说话，但保持思想的开放，永远准备着大吃一惊，而且真的从来没失望过。你们也可以这样，走出门去，和别人交谈，听别人说话。还有最重要的:准备好大吃一惊。

第二篇：(TED英文演讲)如何做得更好——观后感

“Ways to get better.”--------Feedback Key words：deliberate study, analysis, reflections.Many people always express their complaints to others that they didn’t obtain enough improvements with so much work.To be frank, if only one man just keep working continuously who is satisfied with himself, he won't be much better.Why? Do our performances really matter?

The answer is definitely “No!”.Surely the performances we have done is important, but something else can be vital.It’s what the speaker called “deliberate study”.That means a straddle between doing and analyzing.We can apply what we have learned to practice, which in turn can reflect where to improve and where to adjust.However, as many people think, our diligence and achievements are focused, not reflection.In my view, practice is of great significance but lack of use without introspection.Because introspection may sometimes lead us to breakthrough.In conclusion, never lose your reflective mind.Instead of repetitive and mechanical work, do more exploration, experiments and deep thoughts.Only in this way can we turn our best to better.

第三篇：(TED英文演讲)防患于未然——观后感

“Presence of mind”——Feedback Key words: stress pre-mortem ahead of time According to the lecture, our brain under stress releases cortisol, and one of the things that happens at the moment is a whole bunch on systems shut down.Few of us can remain rational and logical thinking while facing stressful things, so it is of great significance to think them over before their appearances.We need to train ourselves to think ahead to these kind of situations.And the conception which the speaker put forward is pre-mortem.The idea of the pre-mortem is to think ahead of time to the questions that you might be able to ask that will push the conversation forward.You look ahead, try to figure out all the things that could go wrong and then try to figure out what you can do to prevent those things from happening or to minimize the damage.Prevent bad things from happening.Or at least if bad things happen, we will minimize the likelihood of it being a catastrophe.Under stress we are not thinking clearly.We need to train ourselves to think ahead to these kind of situations.So think about how you are going to work through this ahead of time, so you don’t have to manufacture the chain of reasoning on the spot.You might change your mind on impulse, but at least you are practiced with this kind of thinking.

第四篇：(TED英文演讲)读书改变命运——观后感

Education changes our fortune —— Feedback Educational equality is a permanent topic among the society.The poor should get the same access to an entire education as others possess.However, there are still too many women lost their opportunities to know their culture and this world because of extreme poverty.The speaker once helped a number of women with their languages by attending certain courses.These courses were often held in the local suburbs.Furthermore, the inequality between men and women is the fundamental restriction to their unfair education.Many women were eager to control over their simple daily routines and small details that we take for granted.Since those women received the education they deserve, they all realized that the only way to control their life was through education.There are so many facts that show us that it is impossible to overcome barriers to education.Education is the best means to own a better future.Eventually, I’d like to end up with what the speaker said :“Question your convictions.Be who you want to be，not who they want you to be.Don’t accept their enslavement, for your mother birthed you free.”

第五篇：(TED英文演讲)阅读全世界——观后感

“Reading the world.”————Feedback Key words: global reading plan abundance As the speaker described her plan of reading the world, she tried to get one book of each country around the world, translated into English.She got through many tough time and finally, she manged to finish her own reading.As for me, I learned just like what the speaker expressed: “In that case, as I found so often during my year of reading the world, my not knowing and being open about my limitations had become a big opportunity.”

While reading a book, it’s a chance not only to learn something new and discover a set of stories, but also expand our horizons.As those who enjoy reading will know, books have an extraordinary power to take you out of yourself and into someone else’s mindset.Therefore, for a quite while, you will look at the world through different views.Maybe there exists some cultural conflicts or values, but it can also be really enlightening.Wrestling with unfamiliar ideas can help clarify your own thinking.And it can also show up blind spots in the way you might have been looking at the world.If we can make our own plan like this, the information in those books can make me more alive to the richness, diversity and complexity of our remarkable planet than ever before.