(英语毕业论文)《远大前程》中皮普的性格分析

第一篇：(英语毕业论文)《远大前程》中皮普的性格分析

英语专业全英原创毕业论文，是近期写作，公布的题目可以用于免费参考（贡献者ID 有提示）

最新英语专业全英原创毕业论文，都是近期写作 A Comparison between Two Chinese Versions of Uncle Tom’s Cabin 2 双关语在英语广告中的应用与翻译研究 3 从文化差异角度来分析习语的翻译 4 论广告与文化 英汉新词理据对比研究 英文商务信函中的礼貌策略研究 商务谈判口译的语用失误的成因及负面影响对学习的启示 8 动物词在中英文化中的喻义及其翻译 9 对罗伯特.弗罗斯特自然诗的尝试性研究 10 比较《百万英镑》和《阿Q正传》 11 试论英汉日常礼貌表达的异同 A Journey through Harsh Reality: Reflections on Gulliver’s Travels 13 从Salsa舞解析墨西哥人的性格 英语专业本科毕业论文摘要的体裁分析 15 Advertising and Its Application 16 An Analysis of Cultural Differences between China and English-Speaking Countries through Idioms 17 《名利场》和《嘉莉妹妹》女主角形象对比 Translation Strategy on Culturally-loaded Expressions in Prison Break 19 面部表情和目视行为的跨文化研究 从异化归化角度看汉语四字词组的英译策略—以中国苏州古典园林为例 21 从体育舞蹈看中西方社会的审美文化差异 22 中美两国家庭文化差异 The Interpretation to Captain Ahab in Moby Dick through Abnormal Psychology 24 外贸英文函电中委婉语的特点及应用研究 25 马尔福的嫉妒 从约翰.邓恩的“奇思妙喻”中透视他矛盾的情感观 27 外贸企业的汇率风险规避 《大地》中赛珍珠女权主义分析 从依恋理论看《呼啸山庄》主人公希斯克利夫悲剧性格的形成 30 中英文旅游广告语言特点对比研究 31 浅析美国传奇总统的共性 32 英语广告的语言特点 33 中餐菜谱翻译的错误分析

英语国家国歌中爱国主义的话语建构

翻译“忠实”新解——兼评《傲慢与偏见》译本 36 非言语交际在英语教学中的作用 37 从歧义和语用角度分析幽默

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浅析美国俚语的起源 “红”、“黄”汉英联想意义对比研究 论《老友记》幽默字幕翻译

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Double Vision in Characterization in The Great Gatsby 言语行为理论视角下口语交际误解现象

论海明威《一天的等待》的冰山原则写作风格 影响大学生英语自主学习的因素研究 合作原则在动画中的应用

中式英语形成的原因以及在英语学习中克服中式英语的对策 《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿从抗拒到妥协的精神之旅 网络广告在中国营销中存在的弊端 论关联理论对旅游资料英译的指导意义 视觉文化在英语词汇学习中的应用 文本分类理论与广告翻译

爱恨共辉煌——浅析《呼啸山庄》中的男主人公 英文电影片名翻译策略研究

快餐食品对中西方传统饮食文化的影响力 浅析《爱玛》中简.奥斯汀的婚姻观 泰戈尔诗中自然物意象研究

对比评析《了不起的盖茨比》中尼克和盖茨比的梦想 浅论国产小米手机的营销策略

快乐教学法在中学英语教学中的应用 浅析MSN交谈中的话语标记语

任务型教学模式在初中英语课堂教学中的现状分析－－以xx学校初一学生为例 英语广告语篇中名物化的研究

《厄舍古屋的倒塌》中哥特式文学特点分析 论大学英语口语课外活动

Self-improving English Proficiency by Reading English Classics 中英社交礼仪差异的比较与分析 《阿甘正传》承载的美国青年价值观 中英礼貌用语差异

从跨文化角度看电影标题汉译英 英汉动物词汇的文化内涵及其翻译 英语专业全英原创毕业论文，是近期写作，公布的题目可以用于免费参考（贡献者ID 有提示）

《麦琪的礼物》看语境在中英翻译中的影响 87 英汉颜色词翻译

探析王尔德童话中的死亡主题

《瓦尔登湖》与陶渊明作品中的自然观简析 90 论欧.亨利的写作风格

Development, Analysis and Prospect of Chinglish 92 从关联-顺应理论视角研究旅游文本英译

唯美主义与心理失衡的关系——以《道连葛雷的画像》中人物分析为例 94 苔丝悲剧中乌托邦情结的探析 95 从文化角度对比中美两国谈判风格 96 论《野性的呼唤》中的自然主义 97 英汉亲属称谓的差异与翻译技巧

《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿的反叛和自我救赎

Unreliable Narration – The Approach to Irony in Pride and Prejudice 100 An Appeal for Oedipus Rex 101 The Name Translation in A Dream of Red Mansions 102 扼杀在萌芽中的期许— “一小时里故事”中的女权渴望 103 论汉语新词语的英译 104 《七宗罪》的人性解剖

目的论在英语儿歌翻译中的应用 106 论侦探小说中的侦探话语的谎言测定

对高中学生英语学习动机现状及激发策略的调查分析—以屏边高级中学为例 108 官方语言中的中国英语分析－－从目标人群接受性角度谈起 109 中西酒文化的差异对比

论《喜福会》中母女关系背后的文化冲突 111 通过《推销员之死》探究现代人生存困境问题 112 An Analysis of Self-reliance in Little Women 113 View Chinese and Western Love from Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai and Romeo and Juliet 114 项目教学法在英语写作课中的应用

英语专业学生英语口语学习动机调查研究

基于语料库的汉语空间隐喻认知分析——以前后为例 117 《荆棘鸟》女性意识浅析

个人主义与集体主义——中美文化碰撞背后的价值观差异 119 从文化角度看英语习语的翻译

文化适应性原则在食品商标翻译中的应用 121 霍桑《红字》女性主义的探析

中国文化特色词汇的音译与中国文化的传播 123 《雾都孤儿》中的批判现实主义

论托尼·莫里森《宠儿》中的模糊化现象

Growing Pains—An Analysis of J.D.Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye as a Bildungsroman 126 跨文化交际中社交语用失误及应对策略 127

Domestication and Foreignization in Idioms Translation 129 论建构主义理论指导下英语口语教学方法 英语专业全英原创毕业论文，是近期写作，公布的题目可以用于免费参考（贡献者ID 有提示）

功能对等理论下的新闻词汇翻译 131 济慈六大颂诗的意象

浅析《睡谷传奇》中的浪漫主义 133

《大学英语》听力理解中的石化现象与对策 135 影响中学生英语学习的心理因素分析 136 试析流行文化对美国青少年价值观的影响

用本我，自我，超我的弗洛伊德理论来解析《红字》 138 从《绝望主妇》看美国人的婚姻观

The Symbolic Meanings of Red in The Catcher in the Rye 140 从谭恩美小说中“家”的概念看其文化身份认定 141 《洛丽塔》—时间的悲剧 142 “到十九号房间”的悲剧成因

中英文商标翻译的问题及其解决方法

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初中英语听力水平调查研究－－-以钢城十二中为例的个案调查 149 骑士精神对现代社会的影响

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151 唯美主义理论与实践的矛盾——解析王尔德的矛盾性 152 从及物性角度分析童话的文体特征 153 理智的动人诗篇——《马语者》

154 奈达功能对等理论指导下英汉广告修辞的翻译策略探究 155 艾米丽的心理性格分析 156 论被动句的翻译

157 Text Cohesion in English Business Contracts 158 从生态批评论梭罗《瓦尔登湖》中对工业化的思考 159 简与林黛玉性格及命运对比 160 凝视与对抗：《屋顶丽人》中的两性战争 161 命案现场——阿加莎死亡观简析 162 动物习语在英汉文化中的异同分析 163 傅东华译《飘》归化现象浅析

164 从“爱的习惯”看多丽丝.莱辛笔下的两性关系

165 从精神分析学角度探究《呼啸山庄》中的希斯克里夫 166 论《太阳照常升起》中的象征主义 167 功能对等理论指导下的外贸函电翻译 168 浅析《小妇人》中马奇太太的教育方式 169 从《红字》看霍桑的政治观

170 非英语专业大学生听力课堂焦虑的影响及解决策略 171 从奥运菜单看中式菜肴英译名规范化程度

172 A Contrastive Analysis of Chinese and American Nonverbal Privacy 173 中美礼貌语中的“面子文化” 英语专业全英原创毕业论文，是近期写作，公布的题目可以用于免费参考（贡献者ID 有提示）

174 弗吉尼亚伍尔夫《墙上的斑点》的叙事技巧分析 175 《最蓝的眼睛》和《宠儿》中黑人女性的悲剧根源

176 庄子和梭罗自然观比较——以《庄子》与《瓦尔登湖》为例 177 通过对比研究看电影《小红帽》对经典童话小红帽的颠覆 178 从文化视角看中西方的礼节差异 179 英汉爱情隐喻比较研究

180 《喧哗与骚动》中没落的悲剧 181 论莎士比亚十四行诗的特征

182 论教师的非语言行为在课堂教学中的作用 183 论中英文习语翻译的处理技巧及文化差异 184 《围城》英译本中文化负载词的翻译研究 185 论苔丝悲剧的成因

186 从词汇对等角度看《红楼梦》中“笑”一词的英译 187 A Comparative Study of Jane Austen and Emily Dickinson 188 从翻译目的论角度分析商务广告翻译 189 第二次世界大战中的温斯顿丘吉尔 190 如何激发初中生学习英语的兴趣

191 从《肖申克的救赎》看美国的个人英雄主义 192 化妆品说明书特征及其汉译技巧 193 威廉福克纳作品中的悲剧美学思想

194 《哈克贝里·费恩历险记》中哈克和吉姆的人物形象分析

195 The Blacks’ Soul Under the Impact of the White Culture in The Bluest Eye 196 A Reflection upon American Heroism Based on Reviews of Hollywood Movies 197 美国动画片名的翻译 198 A Study of Neo-Classicism 199 英语中的女性歧视

200 血性意识—D.H.劳伦斯的自然主义爱情观

第二篇：《远大前程》中皮普的人物性格分析

摘要:本文深入细致的分析了狄更斯《远大前程》一文中的主要人物皮普的生活经历与心路历程,揭示了英国维多利亚时代人与人之间赤裸裸的金钱关系,展现了生活在那个时代的底层民众的生存状态。

关键词:狄更斯远大前程皮普人物性格

《远大前程》是查尔斯·狄更斯艺术生涯后期最具代表性的长篇小说。小说描述了一个名为皮普的孤儿的生活经历和心路发展历程,艺术的揭示了这位孤儿从对幸福生活的期望到幻想破灭的整个过程。在这本书中“,远大前程”是一句反话,并不是真的指孤儿皮普有什么远大的前程,而恰恰是指的一种“幻灭”,一种幻想的幻灭。但如果读者只是把本书理解成一本描写孤儿幻想破灭的书,那就误解也低估了作者的本意,作者是要在对孤儿皮普的描述中展现19世纪英国维多利亚时代的社会生活,揭露了资产阶级金钱世界的种种罪恶。主人公皮普自幼就失去了父母,作者在小说的开始以第一人称的口吻这样叙述着主人公的身世“:我说皮利普是我父亲的姓,那是有根据的,因为我父亲的墓碑上刻着他的姓,而且我姐姐也这么说。我姐姐嫁给了铁匠乔·葛奇里,现在是葛奇里夫人了。至于我,从来没有见到过父亲和母亲,也没有看到过他们两位的照片。”从这里我们可以了解到,这样一个自幼由嫁给铁匠的姐姐抚养长大的孤儿,在那个时代是不可能获得什么太好的教育的。教育的缺失和家境的情况使得幼年的皮普把姐夫当做理想的奋斗目标。而事实上,在这个由姐姐掌握大权的家里,姐夫也是唯一可以“以诚相待,推心置腹”的人。而“一手”抚养他长大的姐姐呢“,我的姐姐乔·葛奇里夫人比我要年长二十多岁。她一直说我是由她一手带大的,因此在左邻右舍享有很大名气,倍受夸奖。从小我就想了解这里的“一手”究竟是什么含义。我所知道的她的手,是结实笨重而又冷酷严厉的,因为她特别喜欢把她的巴掌打在她丈夫的身上,当然也喜欢打在我的身上。我想乔·葛奇里和我就是这样由她一手带大的吧。”读者可以在字里行间读出作者的良苦用心,但即使在这样充满了暴力的家庭里长大,皮普依然保持着天真、质朴的性格,文中作者还特意用一段对吃面包的描述来展示皮普的天真可爱“:在吃晚餐时,我们有个习惯,要比较一下吃面包的速度,不时地悄悄拿起所啃的面包比一下,并且相互会心地表示赞美。这样,我们啃面包就越啃越有劲。”幼年的皮普也是善良的,这一点即使是在面对逃犯时也未曾改变,也正是这种善良为他日后的命运埋下了伏笔。哈维莎姆小姐的出现,彻底改

变了皮普一生的命运。在这里我们要注意一点,那就是作者查尔斯·狄更斯的哲学思想之一是环境对人思想的影响。狄更斯认为,不同的环境可以造就成不同的人。当然,我们知道,内因才是决定一个人发展的关键因素。皮普如果不是一个天真、质朴的少年,而是一个成熟、倔强的少年,也许这个故事就不会是这样一个结局了。对一个一心想要“报复男人”的哈维莎姆小姐来说,皮普是一个绝佳的工具和发泄对象。让年轻漂亮的养女埃斯特拉去主动接近皮普,却又不断的嘲笑皮普,哈维莎姆的计划是成功的。年轻的皮普就像一个提线木偶,被哈维莎姆小姐和命运玩弄于股掌之间。对爱斯特拉的倾慕使皮普开始厌恶自己“那双粗糙的手和那双笨头笨脑的皮靴”,用皮普自己的话说就是“我现在对这些东西很是瞧不起了,这些东西过去没有烦恼过我,现在却使我烦恼了。它们确是些粗俗不堪的东西。”也开始埋怨起一直“以诚相待,推心置腹”的“伙计”“我决定回家去问问乔,为什么他总是告诉我那些牌叫做贾克,而实际上应该是奈夫。我想,如果当年乔的教养高一些,我也不至于落到这地步。”应该说,作为一个孩子,在虚荣面前有些抱怨还是可以理解的,毕竟这也符合人性。于此同时,从这里开始我们也以看到,狄更斯在《远大前程》中对人物心理的描写比之以往更加细腻、真实,对人物内心世界的探索更加坚决、彻底。与其前期的人物形象相比,皮普的形象更加丰富逼真,这是作者摆脱了人物单一性和确定性的一种表现。也使得皮普这个人物更接近现实,更能反映当时的社会情形。在皮普的身上,我们看不到狄更斯早期作品中那种脸谱化的描写,看不到作者直接定义的人物性格,而是一个有其自身言行举止,内心活动的崭新的形象。对皮普的是非要由读者自己来判断、评价。皮普是真实的,也就是从这一刻开始,那种对虚荣的爱慕情结开始萌动,那种摆脱现状的想法开始不可遏制的出现,并很快的开始实施“一两天后的一个早晨,我醒来时突然想到一个非常好的主意。我要使自己走向不平凡,最为上策的办法是去找毕蒂,学会她所知道的一切东西为自己所用。”从这一刻开始,皮普开始了他的奋斗历程。从这一刻开始

第三篇：论远大前程中社会因素对皮普爱慕虚荣性格的影响

Social factors on the development of pip’s vanity in Great

Expectations

Abstract

This paper studies the social factors on the development of pip’s vanity in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations.It argues that, compared with other factors that affect pip’s vanity, social factors has its own distinguishing affects, and that is, it straightly pushes pip to be a vanity man with various ways.The combination of the social factors and pip’s vanity through the exploration of the following three aspects, namely social factors with his terrible educational background, social factors combined with his poor family situation and social factors tinted with the cruelty of the bourgeoisie will be closely examined in this paper.In this way it plans to prove that social factors are the factor that straightly pushes pip to be a vanity man.Keywords: social factors;terrible educational background;poor family situation;cruelty of the bourgeoisie

论远大前程中影响皮普虚荣性格发展的社会因素

摘要

本文研究社会因素对远大前程中皮普虚荣性格的形成的影响。笔者认为，与其他影响皮普虚荣性格的因素相比，社会因素有着非常独到的地方，即它直接的从各个方面把皮普塑造成了一个虚荣的人。本文从皮普教育的缺失，贫困的家庭环境，资本主义的残酷三个方面对皮普虚荣性格的形成进行了考察，从而证明社会因素直接地把皮普塑造成了一个虚荣性格的人。

关键词：社会因素，教育的缺失，贫困的家庭，资本主义的残酷

Contents

Number of pages: 16 Introduction.................................................................................................................1 2 Pip’s Character of Vanity............................................................................................2 2.1 A Brief Introduction to the Victorian Age............................................................3 2.2 The Prototype of Pip in Great Expectation..........................................................4 2.3 His Vanity in Great Expectations.........................................................................5 3 The Social Factors that Mold Pip’s Vanity..................................................................6 3.1 His Terrible Educational Background..................................................................7 3.2 His Poor Family Situation....................................................................................8 3.3 The Cruelty of the Bourgeoisie............................................................................9 3.3.1 Vengeful and Wealthy Miss Havisham......................................................10 3.3.2 Indulgent and Hypocritical Mr.Jaggers.....................................................11 4 Conclusion................................................................................................................12 Notes............................................................................................................................13 References....................................................................................................................14 Acknowledgement.......................................................................................................15 Declaration...................................................................................................................16

1.Introduction Dickens was one of the most influential writers of the 19th century, played a crucial Great Expectations was written by Charles Dickens(7 February 1812–9 June 1870).He contributed greatly to the development of the writing style in British Literature.Through his numerous works，he exposed the readers to different aspects of the times he lived in and explored the unfairness and hypocrisy of the capitalist society and he analysis that the social factors that we lived in influences the formation of our characters.The social factors can be reflected in various ways such as education, families, friends and the living experiences.Pip is the hero in Great Expectations, whose life has through several changes.Each change is a new development for him and last forging a new Pip: The one who is fall in love with the beautiful Estella, the love drives him to run after the knowledge and fame;the one who gains a big fortune to have a gentleman cultivation in London;the one whose dreams fall into fallacy, which lets him realizes his guilty and starts repentance.Every stage Pip’s character is under subtle change that is related to the things happened around him.To say it in different way, pip’s change in every stage is influenced by the social factors especially let him to chase after the vanity like the upper class gentlemen life and wealth.Thus, this paper mainly studies the social factors on the development of pip’s vanity in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations with the factors of terrible education, the poor family and the friends around him who live in the cruelty Bourgeoisie.In this way to prove that social factors are the factor that straightly pushes pip to be a vanity man.2.Pip’s Character of Vanity

Pip is the hero in Great Expectations who is also a victim.His life reflects the background of the Victorian age when the society is dark and the people there all chase after the vanity of the wealth and the social status.It is also mirrored the life experiences of Charles Dickens.Pip actually is living in the lower class who has no good education and the rich family.When he lives with Joe, his dream is to be a balcksmith.But when he falls in love with the girl, he begins to hate his dirty hand that using to strike the iron.Apart from that, when he is in the cultivation for a gentleman, he begins to escape to meet the low class: Joe, though he is actually not a gentleman there.All the change of Pip’s character reflects the common features of the people in Victorian age and mirrored the life experiences of Charles Dickens.2.1A Brief Introduction to the Victorian Age In Great Expectation, Charles Dickens showed us a lively picture, which gave us a rough sketch of The Victorian Age.The country was ruled by Queen Victorian from 1837 to 1901, and during this period, the cruelty and the greedy of the Bourgeoisie that deeply affect everyone’s character.In society, the wealth and the greedy are like an evil.The distribution of wealth is always unequal and the contrast of the rich and the poverty is very sharp.On one hand, there excises the noble manor life and the comfortable life of the landlord;on the other hand, it is the farmer’s dilapidated cottage and the unemployed worker’s desperation.Family life for the middle and upper class was extremely important, as the families were large and living together in big houses, life was very comfortable for them and enjoyable.Poor and working class families, such as Dickens's were forced to work in factories doing dangerous jobs.Children were being exploited, into doing harsh dangerous work, for little pay and no gratitude.Besides, the Industrial Revolution of the late eighteenth and the early nineteenth centuries had transformed the social landscape, enabling capitalists and manufacturers to amass huge fortunes.Although social class was no longer entirely dependent on the circumstances of one’s birth, the divisions between rich and poor remained nearly as wide as ever.London, a teeming mass of humanity lit by gas lamps at night and darkened by black clouds from smokestacks during the day, formed a sharp contrast with the nation’s sparsely populated rural areas.More and more people moved from the country to the city in search of greater economic opportunity.Throughout England, the manners of the upper class were very strict and conservative: gentlemen and ladies were expected to have thorough classical educations and to behave appropriately in innumerable social situations.2.2 The Prototype of Pip in Great Expectation The prototype of the pip in great expectation should trace back to the purpose of Charles Dickens to write Great Expectations.In the Victorian Age, the contrast of wealthy and poverty is sharp and the cruelty and the exploitation is everywhere, which let all the lower class form a wrong value: run after the wealth and the upper class.Therefore, the vanity breeds out.So as Charles Dickens, he wrote Great Expectation to draw a picture of the people who run after the vanity through Dickens’ own life experiences.When Dickens was young, his parents had troubles in finance and disasters in the social, so they lived a rough live and had to change their living-quarters frequently for the lack of money which could be used to pay the rents.Dickens wasn't an orphan, as Pip is, but he may well have felt like one.His parents were sociable, pleasant people, but when Charles, who was the eldest boy, was nine, the Dickens’s pulled up roots and moved to London to try to live more cheaply.Charles was appalled by the cramped, grubby house they lived in there, and even more ashamed when his father was arrested and taken to debtors' prison.The rest of the Dickens’s were allowed to move into prison with their father, but twelve-year-old Charles had to live on his own outside.Therefore, the expectations of pip to get the social advancement and the wealth are the mirror of Dickens himself to make a great expectation to change his life style.2.3 His Vanity in Great Expectations In Great Expectations, Pip, the novel’s protagonist, lives in the marsh country, works at a job he feel enough, considers himself too good for his surroundings as shown by the following account in the book Great Expectations.“Joe was a fair man, with high brown hair and blue eyes.He was a mild, good-natured, dear fellow Joe and I being fellow-sufferers……”

But when he meet the Estella at Miss Havisham’s house, he suddenly feels shame about his surrounding and from this time his vanity breed out from his brain: he want to be a rich, a gentle and a uncommon man, though it is just a expectation that is impossible for him now as shown by the following account.“Being alone in the courtyard I looked at my coarse hands and my thick boots.They had never troubled me before, but they troubled me now.I wished Joe had been rather more genteelly brought up, and then I should have been so too.” page 49

“……and that I hadn’t been able to explain myself to Mrs.Joe and Pumblechook, and that there had been a beautiful young lady at Miss Havisham’s who was dreadfully and proud, and that she had said I was common……”page 70

“I had never thought of being ashamed of my hands before, but I began to consider them rather a bad pair.Here contempt was so strong that it became infectious and I caught it”chapter7 page47

When Pip comes to London to have the cultivation for the gentleman, he begin to look down upon the low class, even his best friend: joe.As shown in the book.“One Monday morning I received a letter from Biddy in which she informed me of Joe’s intention to visit me at Barnard’s in the next morning.I did not look forward with pleasure to this visit, and if I could have kept him away by paying money……but I had the sharpest sensitiveness to his being seen by Drummle, whom I held in contempt because he was idle, stupid and haughty.” Chapter 15Page 114

It’s no doubt that there are a lot of words and description of Pip’s mental.All that gives the impression that Pip is a vanity man.The Social Factors that Mold Pip’s Vanity

The social factors can be reflected in various ways such as education, families, friends and the living experiences.This paper mainly studies the social factors on the development of pip’s vanity in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations with the factors of terrible education, the poor family and the friends around him who live in the cruelty Bourgeoisie.3.1 His Terrible Educational Background In Pip’s family in Great Expectations, the rough sister couldn’t gives Pip chances to satisfy his curiosity for knowledge．Although Joe is a good man and expects Pip to learn, but he is helpless.As to he is almost an illiterate.When Pip attends a night class，he sadly find it is not a school, where has no textbooks and no teacher in the real sense as shown in Great Expectations.“During this period I attended an evening school kept by Mr.Wopsle’s great-aunt.Her method of education was peculiar, for she usually went to sleep from six to seven every evening, leaving her pupils to improve themselves as best they could by seeing her do it.Mr.Wopsle’s great-aunt, besides keeping this Education Institution, kept in the same room a little general shop.”Chapter 6 page 33

The terrible education background couldn’t cultivate Pip to have the right value to the society and the life.So Pip wants to study hard just because of his vanity: the love for Estella．Pip wants to learn and become a gentle man.When Pip later becomes a London gentleman，he learns from Mr.Pocket．At this time，the purpose of receiving education is only to decorate the gentleman’s status.Thus throughout Pip’s receiving education, He learns only a little from his teachers.His real teachers are his sufferings．Pip’s process of being taught is mainly the process of his teaching himself.He is thirsty for knowledge but his teachers never satisfies his intellectual need or tell him the math of life．From the beginning to the end of the book．Originally, he wants education because of his love for Estella．There are great gaps between Pip and Estella, Pip wants to narrow these gaps by learning more．All those are driven by his vanity for the beautiful Estella and for the upper class life.3.2 His Poor Family Situation Pip was an orphan who lived with his sister and brother in law.The poor living condition made him quite sensitive, which also made him feel shame of his family situation when with Estella and the friends.Although Joe treated Pip as his best friend who he could believe in and give sincerity and comfort to, what Joe could do was too little to help Pip, not the good living situation and the good education.Thus, Pip formed the false values about the wealth, the social status and the wrong outlook about the world.Pip couldn’t refuse the temptation around so he lost his balance in mind because he always thinks he is poor and common man.He was eager to be a gentleman and the husband of Estella, though it is impossible of the family situation for him.However, he lived in his dream.His sister punished him in lots of ways such as using the tar water as medicine, her ring and thimble as torture instruments.Mrs.Joe liked to tell others that it was her that brought Pip up and she suffered a lot for this.However, she never gave Pip any good family situation to have a good education and the good value about the life and the wealth.What Pip felt was the following:

“My sister’s bringing up had made me sensitive.In the little world in which children have their existence, whoever brings them up, there is nothing so finely perceived and so finely felt, as injustice.”(69)

Therefore, when Pip got the information that he had come into handsome property, he feel that he have the chance to be a gentle man and will not to be the low class of the society.And then, he waste the money every day and persist in he will be the upper class man.However, all that is because of his poor family situation that couldn’t give him the good education and had the right value of life and the wealth, which straightly let him got the vanity that he come into handsome property to have the chance to be a gentle man and the upper class of the society.3.3 The Cruelty of the Bourgeoisie In the Victorian Age, because of the Industrial Revolution and the development of the society, the Bourgeoisie is very cruelty for the wealth and the social advancement.Sometimes they are ruthless for the low class to reach their own purpose.3.3.1 Vengeful and Wealthy Miss Havisham In Great Expectations, Miss Havisham is a mad, vengeful, a wealthy old lady, who lives in a rotting mansion and wears an old, smelly wedding dress, which she never takes off in her rest of life.She is a poor role in the novel.Miss Havisham’s life is dominated by a disobliging man who named Compeyson, who leaves her alone on their wedding day.From then on, Miss Havisham turns all the clocks in her house at twenty minutes to nine, the moment when Compeyson dumps her, and she wears only one shoe, because when she is informed of his betrayal, she had not yet put on the other shoe.With such kind of manic, obsessive cruelty and miserable suffering, Miss Havisham adopts Estella and raises her as a gun to fire the men.Miss Havisham is an example of single-minded vengeance pursued destructively: both Miss Havisham and the friends in her life suffer painfully things because of her quest for revenge.Miss Havisham completely hasn’t seen that her actions are great hurtful to Pip and Estella.She is redeemed at the end of the novel when she realizes that she has broken Pip’s heart in the same manner as her own;rather than achieving any kind of personal revenge, she has only caused more pain.Miss Havisham’s begging for forgiveness reinforces the theme that bad behavior can be redeemed by contrition and sympathy.But Miss Havisham has also done the worse thing for Pip.She not only gives Pip the expectations to catch Estella, but also give Pip’s expectations to be a gentleman of the upper class, which indulges Pip’s vanity to chase after the illusory dreams.She knows that Pip is from the low class and Pip sometimes is self-contemptuous as shown in the book Great Expectations.“……my dream had come true, my wild fancy was surpassed by reality;Miss Havisham was going to make my fortune.” chapter 13 Page 92

Miss Havisham’s revenge straightly put Pip to run after the wealth and the social advancement.To say it in different way, Miss Havisham straightly put Pip to be a vanity man for the wealth and the social advancement.3.3.2 Indulgent and Hypocritical Mr.Jaggers In the beginning, Pip’s vanity is buried in his heart as shown in the book: “one morning after I wake up, a good idea comes into my heart: I’ll let myself uncommon.”, but when he meets Mr.Jaggers his vanity comes into a summit.Mr.Jaggers as a represent of the decaying legal system of British also gives Pip a dream to be the upper class of the society.The dream let Pip got the expectation.On the contrary, in London, Pip has never studied the knowledge and the manner of the upper class, but the luxury of the upper class as shown in the book:

“We always derived great satisfaction from making an appointment for this purpose.We ordered something special for dinner, with an expensive bottle of wine, in order that our minds might be fortified for the occasion.Dinner over, we produced pens and paper.I would then take a sheet of paper and write across the top of it, in neat hand writing, “Memorandum of Pip’s Debts” chapter 19 page 145

That is the indulgence of Mr.Jaggers who hasn’t paid the responsibility to Pip’s development, which is also because of his hypocritical.To say it in other words, Mr.Jaggers is an irresponsible lower.What he wants is just the attorney fees.Mr.Jaggers is also a vanity man as shown in the book:

“Now, I have nothing to say to you,” said Mr.Jaggers, throwing his finger at them.I want to know no more that I know.As to the result, it’s a toss-up.I told you from the first it was a toss-up.Have you paid Wemmick?”

From this point of view, Pip is also a victim.Although he is vanity after suffering Miss Havisham and Estella, the greatest culprit is Mr.Jaggers indulgent and hypocritical.It is his indulgent and hypocritical put Pip’s vanity to the summit.4 Conclusion The development of Pip’ vanity has a deep relationship with the social factors such as education, family and social activities.In the thesis we’ve talked about many aspects that influenced the development of Pip’s vanity.Pip lost his nature in his own life is because he has got the wrong value towards wealth, love and social status.Then the terrible education condition was an important aspect that Pip learnt little useful knowledge from the school or the teacher.Wemmick helped Pip when Pip faced the difficulties.He gave his true love to Pip who once saved his life.At last, Pip knew that he should abandon the wrong value and find back his natural character.The novel tells us that we must establish the right value for the wealth and the social status and shouldn’t be mislead by the wrong value from the social factors.The social factors can be the good thing for our development and can also mislead us to the abyss.To say it in other words, they can be educational and destructive.Of course, different people will lead different lives in the same social factors.But the most important factor is our own nature.

第四篇：浅析《远大前程》中皮普的个人抱负与自我完善

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从中国传统民居乔家大院和西方哥特式教堂看中西文化差异(英语系经贸英语)论苹果公司的撇脂定价策略 英语专业全英原创毕业论文，是近期写作，公布的题目可以用于免费参考

论流行网络词汇的汉英翻译

浅析《德伯家的苔丝》中两位男主人公

从汉英动物词汇的文化内涵看中西方文化差异 87 从宴客角度探究中西方文化理念的差异 88 商务英语新词构词研究

浅析文化差异对国际贸易的影响

从语境视角浅析《生活大爆炸》中反语的幽默属性 91 红字中的象征意义

An Analysis of Gender in Oh,Pioneers!93 论女性主义对翻译标准的影响 94 论概念隐喻视角下的隐喻翻译

浅析奥斯卡•王尔德童话作品中的唯美主义思想

A Study of Angel Clare’s Multiple Personalities in Tess of the D’Urbervilles 97 《雾都孤儿》中的反犹主义

从奥运菜单看中式菜肴英译名规范化程度

The Lost Generation—“Nada” in Hemingway’s “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place” 100 春节与圣诞节的对比研究

美国电影中的大众文化价值观研究 102 从接受美学视角看中式菜肴的英译

格赖斯会话合作原则与莎士比亚喜剧中的幽默解读 104 论中学英语教学中学生文化意识的培养 105 中英语言中动物词汇的文化含义对比

The Loneliness in Far From the Madding Crowd 107 从译者主体性视角探析《红楼梦》中概念隐喻的翻译策略 108 词汇负迁移对汉译英的影响 109 肢体语言在英语教学中的应用 110 中西方礼仪文化差异比较

概念隐喻在英语汽车广告中的应用 112 《傲慢与偏见》中的三层反讽

Verification of Soft Term in Letter of Credit 114 浅析英语广播新闻的语言特色

Cultural Elements in Chinese Film Subtitles and Their Translation Strategies 116 试论班扬《天路历程》中基督徒的精神历程 117 旅游英语翻译的研究

试论用英语电影进行英语文化教学 119 母语负迁移对中学英语写作的影响 120 论翻译美学视角下的公示语翻译

从翻译审美分析食品品牌名称翻译的原则及策略 122 从中西思维差异角度看汉英翻译中的中式英语现象

A Study on the Effectiveness of Cooperative Learning in Junior High School 124 从女性主义视角分析《飘》中斯佳丽人物形象 125 组织学习障碍及相应的对策 126 商务信函的写作原则与技巧

中英婚礼习俗中的红和白颜色文化的研究 英语专业全英原创毕业论文，是近期写作，公布的题目可以用于免费参考

论中美文化差异对其商务谈判的影响及策略 129 从童话看中西方儿童教育的差异

《推销员之死》中主角威利的性格分析 131 浅析威廉福克纳的《喧哗与骚动》 132 英汉恭维语及其应答的对比分析 133 文化意识与外语教学

托妮•莫里森《宠儿》中的主角赛丝的女性形象研究 135 浅谈商务英语于商务信函中的运用 136 论希斯克利夫出走的必然性

The Linguistic Features of American Inaugural Address 138 论爱伦坡小说中的哥特式风格 139 英汉基本颜色词对比研究

论建构主义理论下初中英语教师的课堂角色定位

英语流行歌曲中隐喻的功能分析——以后街男孩的歌曲为例 142 On the Difference of Family Education between China and America 143 汉语对英语语法学习的负迁移 144 论《达芬奇密码》中的基督教元素 145 外交语言策略中的合作原则

试论任务型教学法在英语阅读教学中的应用

试析《哈克贝利费恩历险记》中主人公冲破种族主义桎梏追求自由的精神 148 中餐菜谱翻译的错误分析

卡特福德的等值翻译理论与名词化翻译——以《入乡随俗》英译汉为例 150 论商标名称汉英翻译中的合作原则

151 从跨文化的角度研究故事影片名字的英汉翻译 152 文化差异对国际商务谈判的影响 153 论英语习语的语言和文化功用

154 男权社会女性意识的觉醒——弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫女性主义文学研究 155 论罗伯特•佩恩•沃伦《国王的人马》中对真理与自我认知的追求 156 情感在中学英语教学中的应用

157 On Relationship Between Mothers-and-Daughters-in-Law in China and the West 158 跨文化交际中的语用失误与避免方法

159 从《篡夺》中看辛西娅奥兹克作品中的反偶像崇拜精神

160 从道德角度分析简•奥斯丁《劝导》中的女主人公安妮•艾略特 161 《荆棘鸟》的女性主义解读

162 场独立和场依存对不同主题阅读材料的影响研究 163 英汉礼貌原则的比较分析

164 浅析英语专业学生在听力理解中的策略运用 165 英汉习语对比研究及其对高中英语教学的启示

166 《呼啸山庄》和《远离尘嚣》中女主人公的女性意识的对比 167 Purity and Doom: on Thomas Hardy’s Tess’s of the d’Urbervilles 168 从现代主义角度分析《无名的裘德》中裘德的无根性 169 On the Anti-traditional Factors of Feminism Translation 170 《阿甘正传》承载的美国青年价值观 171 中西校园流行语的文化对比 英语专业全英原创毕业论文，是近期写作，公布的题目可以用于免费参考

172 浅析当今网络英语交流中的缩略语

173 《哈利波特》系列里哈利波特与伏地魔的二元对立分析 174 逆成构词的分类及其认知机制和规律 175 从《西风颂》看英国积极浪漫主义的特征

176 美国电影与文化霸权—以好莱坞大片《阿凡达》为例 177 从《动物庄园》看乔治·奥威尔反极权主义思想 178 中西方婚礼礼服颜色的对比研究

179 Two Trapped Roses—A Comparative Study on Emily and Miss Havisham 180 英汉白色词的文化象征意义及翻译 181 中式英语的潜在价值

182 On the Feminist Consciousness Reflected in Pride and Prejudice 183 Analysis of Advertisements Based on the Cooperative Principle 184 翻译中的性别－－《简•爱》几个中译本的女性主义解读 185 论《海狼》中拉尔森船长本性的双重性 186 从《美国的悲剧》解析美国梦

187 用本我，自我，超我的弗洛伊德理论来解析《红字》 188 从生态女性主义角度解读《苔丝》

189 鼓励性教学方法在中学英语教学中的应用

190 On Translation of Culture-Loaded Words in Subtitle of Ashes of Time Redux 191 The Awakening of the Female Consciousness in Pride and Prejudice 192 中美文化差异对商务谈判的影响

193 从《好事一小件》和《洗澡》的对话对比分析看人物形象塑造的差异 194 英汉形状类量词的隐喻认知分析 195 对《愤怒的葡萄》中圣经原型的分析

196 守望何物－－《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿的困惑 197 《野性的呼唤》中自然主义探析

198 从《老人与海》中看海明威的人生哲学 199 《贵妇画像》主题和写作艺术特征

200 浅析《远大前程》中皮普的个人抱负与自我完善

第五篇：浅析《远大前程》中主人公的性格与命运

浅析《远大前程》中主人公的性格与命运

前言：查尔斯·狄更斯(Charles Dickens)(1812年一1870年)，是19世纪最著名的英国小说家之一。他的父亲因债务问题入狱，为补贴家用，狄更斯只有去当鞋童工。但是他不想放弃成为作家这个梦想。于是，他努力学习文化知识，先从记者做起，之后成为了小说家。(查尔斯·狄更斯的生活经历在《远大前程》这部小说中有类似的体现。)狄更斯的大部分作品都是描写在英国的维多利亚时期的底层人民过着苦难生活，亦反映了当时伦敦上层社会奢靡的生活习气。《远大前程》是狄更斯创作后期的最主要的作品之一，他在这一时期还创作了最著名的《双城记》等优秀作品。

《远大前程》描述的是一个名叫皮普的孤儿幻想破灭的悲剧。皮普本来是一个善良、纯朴、拥有理想的乡村青年。可是，当他遇到埃斯黛拉后，心中虚荣的种子开始萌芽，他立志步入上流社会，成为一名所谓的绅士，就是为了与埃斯黛拉相互般配。突然有一天，他将得到一位匿名人士的一大笔财产资助，自己的人生即将彻底改变，怀揣多年的远大理想也终于就要实现了。在来到伦敦之后，他追求奢华的生活，挥金如土，结果债务累累。几个月未见的姐夫——乔前来探望，他竟然产生了嫌弃之情，枉费姐夫从小对他的一片关心。就在此时，那个资助者为了见见自己“培养的绅士”，悄悄来到伦敦，但作为逃犯的身份被揭穿了。皮普知道后，感到非常震惊、甚至心生厌恶。可是，随着逃犯的去世，他的理想生活成为了幻影。后来，失去了这一切的皮普生了一场大病，好心的乔不但悉心照顾，还替他还清了债务。最终，还是回到了乔身边，感觉从未离开过。他终于领悟到所谓的远大前程就是吹弹可破的泡沫，对他来说，牢不可破的是拥有真诚的朋友和平凡的生活。小说从三个个阶段清晰展现了皮普的成长，由善良纯朴到爱慕虚荣，甚至贪恋浮华的生活，经历磨难后回归自我。最终逃不过命运的轮回，回到原本朴实的生活中。通过对皮普成长历程的描写，来展现主人公性格的发展。同时，也揭露了英国在维多利亚时期，资产阶级生活中，金钱关系给人类带来的种种罪恶。

一、对不同时期皮普的性格分析

1、童年时期的皮普（关键词：忍辱负重、善良纯真、好问）

主人公皮普从小失去父母，狄更斯在小说的开始用第一人称介绍到：“至于我，从来没有见到过父亲和母亲，也没有看到过他们两位的照片（其实在他们的时代还不知道什么是照片呢）。”并且，皮普是由姐姐带大的，而他的姐夫是个铁匠，在以前那个时代里，这种家庭背景的孩子没有机会接受良好的教育，因此童年的皮普只有一个奋斗目标，就是成为一名铁匠，如同姐夫一样。其实，姐夫乔是家里唯一一个可以交心的人，因为与善良温和的乔相比，姐姐乔·葛奇里夫人正好相反，她是一位脾气暴躁的女人。文中描述到：“我的姐姐乔·葛奇里夫人比我要年长二十多岁。她一直说我是由她一手带大的，因此在左邻右舍享有很大名气，倍受夸奖。从小我就想了解这里的‘一手’究竟是什么含义。我所知道的她的手，是结实笨重而又冷酷严厉的，因为她特别喜欢把她的巴掌打在她丈夫的身上，当然也喜欢打在我的身上。我想乔·葛奇里和我就是这样由她一手带大的吧。” 从这里可以看出，平日里，掌握家里大权的姐姐以粗暴的方式对待姐夫乔与皮普，他们二人算是相依为命。

童年的皮普非常好问，求知欲强。“‘你这小鬼真讨厌，’我姐姐从针线活上抬起面孔，对我皱起眉头，说，‘没完没了地问。问多必失，问题问多了难免要受骗。’” 问到姐姐不耐烦，还是继续问。只要他想知道，便会打破沙锅问到底。

皮普是个善良纯真的孩子。他在墓地看望从未谋面的父母及兄弟时，遇上一名逃犯。本来可以告知姐姐姐夫或警察，但是他选择帮助这名逃犯，冒着被姐姐狠揍一顿的危险，不仅偷取面包，还将家中的肉食、酒食偷去给逃犯。文中对偷食物与锉刀时，皮普心理活动的描写明显展现了他的纯真：“对于怀有犯罪感的我来说，这种情形是令人讨厌的。看那一扇扇闸门、一道道水坝和河岸都突然地冲破了濛濛雾气出现在我面前，仿佛都在清清楚楚、直截了当地喊叫着：‘有一个孩子偷了人家的猪肉馅饼！捉住他！’牛儿也忽然在我面前显现出来，睁着它们的大眼睛，鼻孔中喷出团团白气，似乎也在对我说：‘喂，你这个小贼！’一头颈项上长着一圈白毛的黑牛用一双圆眼死死地盯住我，好像一名牧师，试图唤起我良心上的自责。然后，它又转动起那只愚钝粗鲁的大头，那个架势肯定是在责备我。我走过去时不禁用带着哽咽的声音对它说：‘牛先生，我完全是身不由己！我偷猪肉馅饼不是为了自己！’它听了我的解释才低下了头，从鼻孔中喷射出一圈雾气，抬起后腿踢了一下，又一甩它的尾巴，向别处走去。”幼年的皮普既善良质朴，又非常天真可爱，这正是与改变后的他的明显对照。

2、遇到哈薇什后的皮普（关键词：消极、虚荣）

哈薇什小姐的出现，彻底改变了皮普的命运。在这里查尔斯·狄更斯运用他的哲学思想之环境对人类思想的影响——不同的环境可以造就不同的人。当然，内因才是决定一个人发展的关键因素。正是皮普的善良、纯真造就了他之后的命运。在婚礼前被抛弃的被哈薇什小姐，心存复仇之情已久，便让自己美丽的养女艾斯黛拉主动接近皮普，在他对她心动之后，又不断让他难堪。就这样，皮普如同一只马戏团里的猴子，被她们耍的团团转。由于对艾斯黛拉的爱慕，加上她的嘲笑，皮普渐渐对出生粗俗、笨头笨脑的自己心生厌恶，文中说到：“我现在对这些东西很是瞧不起了,这些东西过去没有烦恼过我,现在却使我烦恼了。它们确是些粗俗不堪的东西。”最终，皮普还是渐渐地露出了虚荣的尾巴：“我决定回家去问问乔,为什么他总是告诉我那些牌叫做贾克,而实际上应该是奈夫。我想,如果当年乔的教养高一些,我也不至于落到这地步。”这只是命运改变的开始。

在往后的日子里，与哈薇什小姐计划地一样，皮普越来越喜欢艾斯黛拉。甚至，产生了为了她而成为一位上流社会的人的想法，皮普说到：“‘毕蒂’，我先叫她保守秘密，然后才说道，‘我想做一个上流社会的人。’”“我非常认真地对她说：‘毕蒂，我想成为一个上流社会的人是有特别理由的。’”“这话是郝维仙小姐家一位美丽的年轻小姐说的。她生得比我见到过的任何姑娘都漂亮，我是太崇拜她了。我之所以要做一个上流社会的人就是为了她。”从这一刻开始，爱慕与虚荣之情在心中作怪，即使如此，他还是保持着纯真善良的品性。同时，皮普的新人生旅程也即将开始。

3、去往伦敦后的皮普（关键词：庸俗浮华、爱慕虚荣）贾格斯律师出现后，皮普的生活发生翻天覆地的变化，内心的欲望变为现实。告别姐夫和比蒂到达伦敦后，皮普获得一笔可观的财产，并且接受了绅士培训课程的学习。忽然之间过上“上层社会”生活的皮普，无法自我约束，花钱如流水。并且，再次遇见艾斯黛拉之后，为了取得芳心，不惜挥金进入她的社会圈子。也就在这期间，皮普的性格发生了较大的变化。进入“上层社会”，不但没有学会“高学识”，反而学会了富人子弟过着的奢靡生活。“我慢慢地习惯了继承遗产的事实,也于不知不觉之中开始注意遗产对我个人的影响,以及对我周围人们的影响。”“我们在花钱方面从不计算,有多少花多少。”“ 我贪图安逸享乐,由小乐而到大乐,这是必经之路,最后弄得一身债务。”因此，我们可以说，是皮普自身的问题，才会断送前程。

来伦敦后，皮普一点没有想念家乡的意思，连封家信都没写过。直到姐夫乔前来探望，他竟然露出一副不以为然的架势，并且不再像以前那般亲密，不停地用客套用语称呼对方。姐夫乔用家乡礼仪对待他时，竟嫌弃厌恶，想尽快离开这个令人作呕的乡下人。不难看出，皮普完全不是以前那个善良纯真的少年了。他已经被社会这个大染缸改变，变成了一位庸俗浮华、爱慕虚荣的“所谓的绅士”。

4、获悉真相后的皮普（关键词：耻辱感、本性回归）

“我对这个人的厌恶，对这个人的恐惧，只想赶忙躲开这个人的反感，即使他是一头凶猛的野兽，也至多不过如此了。”这是皮普知道真相后的反应。皮普内心的耻辱感、痛苦感无法言喻，一直以为自己得到的一切是从哈薇什小姐那里，经过努力得来的。原来自己这么多财富的来源，竟是来自一位自己曾经在教堂墓地里救下的犯人。这段日子奢华的生活，竟是一位逃犯努力打拼而创造出来的。而且这名逃犯正被通缉，皮普得到的是“不义之财”。最终，由于这笔不义之财，还是没躲过牢狱之灾。所有的一切都已化为乌有，美好的幻影终于破灭。直到在善良的姐夫乔的帮助下，皮普走出困境，最后还是过着俭朴的乡村生活。

二、其他人物对皮普的影响

1、乔的影响 《远大前程》中的皮普自幼失去父母，只有一个善良温和的铁匠姐夫乔可以去依靠。在皮普姐姐和舅舅的欺凌下，是乔尽给予保护。姐夫乔过着“泥菩萨过江”的生活，即使如此，他还是给予了皮普如同生父般的关心，这种无微不至的关怀让皮普慢慢地学会了关心他人。在姐夫乔善良温和、平易近人的性格的影响下，皮普也拥有并保持着可贵的纯真善良（从皮普对待逃犯的事件中可以看出这一点），而姐姐对皮普的最大影响就是——形成了忍辱负重的性格（这也造成了与哈薇什小姐相遇后，皮普被哈薇什小姐与艾斯黛拉玩弄于鼓掌之间）。

当然，人无完人。乔作为一个乡村铁匠出身，没有受到良好的教育，所以也不能带给皮普较高水平的教育。无法满足皮普的求知欲，加上后来哈薇什小姐与艾斯黛拉对皮普的嘲笑讥讽，皮普内心的欲望越发强烈。终于，有机会去往伦敦接受绅士教育，姐夫乔也全力支持。只要对皮普的未来有帮助，姐夫乔便会尽力支持。即使，在皮普被上层社会的生活蒙蔽了双眼之后，乔依然站在皮普这边。并且，当皮普入狱、欠债时，姐夫乔也尽心尽力帮他还清债务。乔的所作所为也正是皮普本性回归最重要的因素之一。

2、麦格韦契的影响 马格韦契是个逃犯，他与皮普的初次见面是在皮普童年时期，皮普帮助他脱离饥寒交迫的境地。再一次相遇——一直以为自己的一切来自哈薇什小姐的皮普在伦敦过上奢侈的生活后，某天夜里，马格韦契来访才终于真相大白。后来，皮普才知道这么多年马格韦契逃亡国外，辛勤劳作，赚取一大笔钱后，请求贾格思律师以匿名身份将财产赠给皮普，他的目的是就是要皮普进入上层社会成为“上等人”。然而就是，这些财产将皮普内心的欲望放大，造成皮普性格的转变。奢靡的上等社会的生活将皮普善良的性格吞噬殆尽，使皮普变成高傲、漠视亲友的人。即使这不是马格韦契愿意看到的，但是事实就是如此。虽然说是马格维契一手造成了如此的皮普，但是最终敲醒皮普的人也是他。皮普因为知道自己拥有的一切竟然与一位逃犯有关，而感到震惊甚至耻辱。之后，也由于马格维契被捕，皮普还是回归到之前的生活。

3、哈薇什小姐与艾斯黛拉对皮普的影响

哈薇什小姐出身高贵，却有个悲剧的人生。她在结婚前夜被抛弃，而且还被所谓的“未婚夫”骗走大量财产。已经彻底绝望的她，将自己套在庄园里，这么多年来足不出户。内心的绝望与愤怒，加上对男人的憎恨，全都转化为报复心理，而皮普恰巧成为复仇的对象。作为养女，美丽高贵的艾斯黛拉也成为了心理扭曲的哈薇什小姐手中的棋子——用来套取男人欢心后便立刻抛弃。

艾斯黛拉从小接受良好的教育，并且拥有美丽的外表，可内心却冷酷无情，以此来玩弄男人的感情，达到报复的目的。郝维仙小姐对单纯的皮普说道：“你爱她吧，爱她吧，爱她吧!如果她喜欢你，爱她；如果她伤害你，也爱她；即使她把你的心撕成碎片，还是要爱她——慢慢随着年龄的增长，你会更坚强，心碎也会更痛苦—— 你要爱她，爱她，爱她!”皮普越陷越深，就算知道艾斯黛拉在玩弄感情，他依然不会放弃对她的追求。

对艾斯黛拉的爱慕，使皮普原本想成为一名铁匠的理想变成成为一名绅士的幻想。他开始背离了善良的本性，并且为他所处的环境而羞愧。可谁知真会有天上掉馅饼的好事，皮普继承了一大笔财产，瞬间变身高富帅。以为这财产是来自哈薇什小姐的皮普，此时一定认为哈薇什会将艾斯黛拉嫁给自己，这使那份爱慕被放大，成了吃人的欲望，人也变得傲慢自大。他开始瞧不起以前陪在自己身边的亲友，连姐夫乔来访都非常不屑。但最终皮普还是知道财产的真相，再加上艾斯黛拉嫁给了别人，马格维契被抓，皮普的幻想破灭了。

四、结语

环境对人类思想的影响是查尔斯·狄更斯的哲学思想之一。他认为：不同的环境可以造就成不同的人。随着时间流逝，不同的环境影响着皮普的性格。皮普性格的变化，可以说是环境所致。但是，内因才是决定一个人发展的关键因素。每个人在发展过程中都会受到周围各种环境因素的影响，这些因素促使人物的性格发展，使人的性格朝着好的或坏的方向发展。然而是好是坏，还是得由自己本身决定。正是由于皮普的忍辱负重、善良天真，使得哈薇什小姐有可乘之机，皮普陷入艾斯黛拉的爱情陷阱，最终导致这一结果。若皮普是个倔强之人，当初便不会任其摆布，早早就离开庄园，也就不会发生这些事情。

当然，任何事情都有一个轮回。尽管进入上层社会之后，变得势利、冷漠，对人对事都持有自私自利、金钱至上的观念，皮普还是意识到这所有的一切只是不切实际的幻想，终于回归本性，生活回到原点。

人生即使如此，“拈花有意风中去，微笑无语须菩提。念念有生灭四相，弹指刹间几轮回。”