简爱与现代爱情观对比

第一篇：简爱与现代爱情观对比

一、叛逆与追求 简·爱和孙柔嘉她们都以大胆叛逆精神勇敢地冲破封建禁锢，大胆地追求真爱，寻找自己的幸福。

1、简·爱勇敢地冲破封建（传统观念）的禁锢，大胆追求真爱。简·爱是一个敢于向男权社会传统观念挑战的女性，被女性主义者奉为反映被压迫处于社会边缘生存状态的女性反抗男权社会，追求婚姻自由、平等地位的经典人物。

二、自然层面，从女性自身特点研究女性自我；

三、以男性为参照，了解女性在精神文化方面的独特处境。

2、孙柔嘉冲破世俗，大胆追求自己的爱情。这种既柔又嘉、却暗自阴柔而且柔能克刚的人，就像一个甜蜜的圈套，却掌控着自己的婚姻、生活和命运，也掌控着方鸿渐的婚姻、生活和命运。

四、迥异的归宿 虽然简·爱与孙柔嘉都是勇敢地冲破封建禁锢，大胆地追求真爱，开始走的道路是相似的，但是她们寻求真爱的结局却是截然相反的：简·爱守住了爱情，最终得到了幸福，而孙柔嘉却是由幸福走进了无尽的痛苦之中。

2、简·爱和孙柔嘉的性格不同也造成了她们爱情结局的不同。简·爱是一个全方位寻求独立、平等、自尊的女性。

3、简·爱与孙柔嘉反封建的角度也是不同的。

简·爱主要是反对男权主义，孙柔嘉主要是反对封建家庭的束缚。简·爱与孙柔嘉反抗的本质也是不同的。简·爱是发自内心自觉的反抗，而孙柔嘉是被迫的反抗。简·爱的反抗心里是与生俱来的，年幼的简·爱就和她的表哥约翰发生了冲突，骄横残暴的约翰把表妹简· 简·爱独立自主的爱情观

简·爱的思想发展是这部小说的中心。从一开始，简就有一种很强的自我意识——追求价值和尊严，勇敢地追求自由平等和独立自主。在罗切斯特的面前，她从不因为自己是一个地位卑微的家庭教师而感到自卑，她认为他们是平等的。她的正直、高尚、纯洁，她的心灵没有受到世俗社会的污染，所以罗切斯特为之震撼，把她看成一个可以和自己在精神上平等交谈的人。简的独立性在整部小说的情节发展中不断地得到了验证。

尽管罗切斯特的表白和求婚让简感到非常高兴，但也不免忧虑和担心。因为她一直渴望自由自在的生活，婚姻就意味着束缚和屈服，意味着她要对他负责、受他的控制。当罗切斯特挥金如土，为她添购丝绸、珠宝的时候，她变得更加敏 感，觉得自己就像是一个被苏丹宠爱的奴隶。

离开桑菲尔德是简作出的最大的决定。从罗切斯特那里，她找到了渴望已久的爱情，桑菲尔德是她第一个真正的家，离开了它仿佛就是离开了自己。但是，作为罗切斯特的情妇跟他生活在一起，却又意味着自我妥协，那是她最不想要的。甚至在知道伯莎的存在以前，她就觉得嫁给罗切斯特是一种冒险，他们压根儿就不会平等，她害怕罗切斯特把她当玩物一样对待，更要命的是，嫁给一个地位比 她高的人，让她有负债感。

在桑菲尔德遭遇大火之后，简和罗切斯特重归于好，找到了幸福的归宿。离开了桑菲尔德以后，简在莫尔顿过着简朴的生活，给一群穷孩子们做老师。她在经济上是独立的，并且担当了一个重要的角色。

二、罗切斯特感性至上的爱情观

罗切斯特出身于名门望族，因为不是长子，没有财产继承权。他的父亲“既想使自己的家产不至于分散，又想让他也有财产以保持家族的声望”，和他哥哥一起帮他找了个对象，也就是后来发了疯的伯莎·梅森，在他“还不知道是怎么回事时就和她结婚了”。婚后短暂的婚姻生活让罗切斯特彻底看清了伯莎的性格品质，使他意识到“自己从来没爱过她，从来没敬重过她，甚至从来没有了解过她”。

三、圣约翰理性至上的爱情观

与罗切斯特的感性至上的爱情观形成鲜明对比的是圣约翰理性至上的爱情观。在圣约翰身上，理智战胜情感，为主工作的精神压制了人类的正常感情，甚至可以拿圣洁的爱情来为之殉道。第二个体现就是圣约翰对伴侣的选择。他承认自己“发疯似地爱着罗莎蒙德·奥利弗”，可是同时“却冷静而清醒地意识到，她不会成为他的好妻子，她不是那种适合于他的伴侣”。对他来说，结婚不过是手段，是实现自己传教理想的工具。在日常的相处中，圣约翰看到了简·爱身上的“温顺、勤奋、无私、忠实、坚贞、勇敢，非常文雅，又颇具英雄气概”等品质。夏洛蒂通过刻画这样一个独立自主的文学形象，并注入一些自己的亲身经历以及宗教观念，既表达了她对男性压迫者的强烈抗议，又表达了她追求独立自主、自由平等的女权主义思想。简·爱作为一个以“独立自主”而著称的文学形象，吸引并激励着越来越多的女性去效仿.一）研究的现状综述 简·爱已成为唯美爱情的一个典型，是世界文学研究领域方面一个引人注目的方面。

（二）研究的理论价值 夏洛蒂·勃朗特是英国文学史上第一个表现女性追求独立、自由主题的人，她的作品被视为“现代女性小说”的楷模。她的代表作《简·爱》塑造了一个出身寒微，长相平庸的、矮小的简爱，但她却是一个有着强烈自尊个性魅力的女性，她的魅力在于个性的力量，她善于思考，捍卫人格独立，敢于表达自己的爱憎。简·爱用自尊、自爱与自强的内在美好人性唤醒了另一颗懂得珍惜女性的心灵，简·爱的出现标志着欧洲文学史上新女性的诞生。简·爱这一形象一直被人们视为不甘屈辱、追求平等、为维护女性的人格尊严而勇于抗争的精神典范，她虽然矮小，贫寒，长得又不美，但却直爽，单纯，倔强，自尊自立，敢于追求真正意义上的爱情。这种性格特征不知吸引了多少人，打动了了多少读者的心。许多女权主义者都以简爱为模范榜样。

（三）研究的现实意义 而今社会中的“快餐爱情”，越来越让人们瞠目结舌。爱情在本质上没有贵贱之分,也没有贫富之差，更没有地域之别。可在现实生活中自古以来就存在着“门当户对”、“砖门对砖门、土门对土门”的不良习俗，爱情在金钱与权势面前出现的悲剧司空见惯。

（一）情感角度，比如许艺萍《简·爱和现代女性爱情观比较》、孙伟民《自卑情结造就了简爱鲜明的人格魅力——解析<简·爱>》等等，这些作品大体上是从爱情、亲情上分析的。

（二）人物形象角度，谭蒙革《简.爱女性形象分析》、胡晴《论<简爱>的女性意识》等等，主要是从简.爱和现代女性的角度来写的。

（三）生命意识形态角度，胡晴《论<简·爱>的女性意识》、李红萍《论简爱独立人格形象的塑造》等等，都是从简.爱坚强的生命意识方面的问题。

（四）创作意识角度，黄兴军《<简·爱>中的永恒魅力 ——解析小说<简·爱>中女性反抗性格的形成》，是从简·爱的思想意识方面写的。

三、我的研究角度、研究的主要内容及创新之处：

（一）研究角度：从爱情的角度，对简·爱与现代女性进行比较、归纳总结。

（二）研究的主要内容：主要研究的是简·爱与现代女性的爱情，这里主要针对的是夏洛蒂《简·爱》中的唯美爱情的存在意义。论文要表现出的比较主要从这两大方面来进行描述：一方面是时代的对比，简.爱与现代女性她们生活在不同的时代。另一方面是归纳她们各自对爱情的执着与自私。通过这两大方面整体架构这篇论文，使得全文条理清楚，目的明确，使自己加深对简.爱爱情精髓的理解，同时从深层次上感受唯美爱情的真谛，使自己浮躁的心灵得到一次深刻的洗礼。

（三）创新之处：打破对简.爱爱情原来的认识，以具体的作品为文本，在简.爱的性格特征、人物形象、爱情观等问题上以新的理论为依据，与当今社会中的“快餐爱情”进行比较，对简.爱的爱情进行新的认识。

第二篇：论简爱与现代女性爱情观比较,开题报告

中文系毕业论文开题报告

题目：简·爱与现代女性爱情观比较 开题时间：2012年1月

一、选题意义

（一）研究的现状综述

简·爱已成为唯美爱情的一个典型，是世界文学研究领域方面一个引人注目的方面。近年来研究更是层出不穷，并且出现一些专门研究简·爱的专门学者，主要有这些周美池《论<简·爱>不同时代的意义——以女主人公形象为例》、周双《关于简.爱双重性格的分析》、谭蒙革《简·爱女性形象分析》、黄兴军《<简·爱>中的永恒魅力 ——解析小说<简·爱>中女性反抗性格的形成》等等。这些都是国内研究的主要状况。

对简·爱的研究主要集中在各个高校中，主要表现为在各大学学报以及出版社发表论文的形式，比如论黄冈师范学院刊载的龚玲的《<简·爱>的女性哥特式特征》、泉州师专学报刊载的李红萍的《论简爱独立人格形象的塑造》、牡丹江大学黄兴军《<简·爱>中的永恒魅力 ——解析小说<简·爱>中女性反抗性格的形成》等等。这一系列是对夏洛蒂作品中简·爱这一人物形象的进一步挖掘，对后代人认识夏洛蒂和简·爱以及她的其他作品都有很大的帮助。

（二）研究的理论价值

夏洛蒂·勃朗特是英国文学史上第一个表现女性追求独立、自由主题的人，她的作品被视为“现代女性小说”的楷模。她的代表作《简·爱》塑造了一个出身寒微，长相平庸的、矮小的简爱，但她却是一个有着强烈自尊个性魅力的女性，她的魅力在于个性的力量，她善于思考，捍卫人格独立，敢于表达自己的爱憎。简·爱用自尊、自爱与自强的内在美好人性唤醒了另一颗懂得珍惜女性的心灵，简·爱的出现标志着欧洲文学史上新女性的诞生。

简·爱这一形象一直被人们视为不甘屈辱、追求平等、为维护女性的人格尊严而勇于抗争的精神典范，她虽然矮小，贫寒，长得又不美，但却直爽，单纯，倔强，自尊自立，敢于追求真正意义上的爱情。这种性格特征不知吸引了多少人，打动了了多少读者的心。许多女权主义者都以简爱为模范榜样。

（三）研究的现实意义

而今社会中的“快餐爱情”，越来越让人们瞠目结舌。爱情在本质上没有贵贱之分,也没有贫富之差，更没有地域之别。可在现实生活中自古以来就存在着“门当户对”、“砖门对砖门、土门对土门”的不良习俗，爱情在金钱与权势面前出现的悲剧司空见惯。时至今日，在当今市场经济的利益驱动下，拜金拜权主义的思潮渗透到婚姻和家庭之中，使爱情蒙上了灰暗的面纱，但这一切的背后现代女性渴望的却是简.爱般唯美的爱情。

爱情是个永恒不变的话题，细细品味就会发现，无论是简·爱还是现代女性所追求的爱情都是以平等、以心灵的契合为前提的。一百多年前的简·爱要求的爱情就是民主、平等的。同样现代女性爱情的基础也是平等与民主，而且对这方面的要求比简·爱那个年代还要更高。在现代社会生活中，女人和男人是平等的，女人不再是家庭的附庸，她们不仅像男人一样有自己的事业，同时拥有自己的朋友圈子，有自己的独立空间。她们不仅要求物质上的平等，更要求精神上的相互尊重、相互理解，使彼此成为心灵的依靠与归宿。

二、前人研究的状况（需较具体分类分析）：

（一）情感角度，比如许艺萍《简·爱和现代女性爱情观比较》、孙伟民《自卑情结造就了简爱鲜明的人格魅力——解析<简·爱>》等等，这些作品大体上是从爱情、亲情上分析的。

（二）人物形象角度，谭蒙革《简.爱女性形象分析》、胡晴《论<简爱>的女性意识》等等，主要是从简.爱和现代女性的角度来写的。

（三）生命意识形态角度，胡晴《论<简·爱>的女性意识》、李红萍《论简爱独立人格形象的塑造》等等，都是从简.爱坚强的生命意识方面的问题。

（四）创作意识角度，黄兴军《<简·爱>中的永恒魅力 ——解析小说<简·爱>中女性反抗性格的形成》，是从简·爱的思想意识方面写的。

三、我的研究角度、研究的主要内容及创新之处：

（一）研究角度：从爱情的角度，对简·爱与现代女性进行比较、归纳总结。

（二）研究的主要内容：主要研究的是简·爱与现代女性的爱情，这里主要针对的是夏洛蒂《简·爱》中的唯美爱情的存在意义。论文要表现出的比较主要从这两大方面来进行描述：一方面是时代的对比，简.爱与现代女性她们生活在不同的时代。另一方面是归纳她们各自对爱情的执着与自私。通过这两大方面整体架构这篇论文，使得全文条理清楚，目的明确，使自己加深对简.爱爱情精髓的理解，同时从深层次上感受唯美爱情的真谛，使自己浮躁的心灵得到一次深刻的洗礼。

（三）创新之处：打破对简.爱爱情原来的认识，以具体的作品为文本，在简.爱的性格特征、人物形象、爱情观等问题上以新的理论为依据，与当今社会中的“快餐爱情”进行比较，对简.爱的爱情进行新的认识。

四、研究步骤、方法

（一）研究步骤：本篇论文是文学性的论文，针对它的特点，我采用的研究步骤主要有以下几个：搜集资料、整理资料、撰写论文。搜集资料是写好一篇论文的必要准备，材料的多少直接关系到论文内容的价值量的大小。我搜集资料的途径主要是通过图书馆查询、网络搜索等等。资料搜集好以后就要对资料进行筛选和整理，要紧紧扣住本篇论文的中心对资料进行整理，去除于论题无关的，保留与论题有关的，使资料更系统化。最后一个步骤就是对整理好的资料进行加工，即撰写论文。这个阶段是最重要的一部分，首先要确定文章的主题，再者要注意文章的结构，另外遣词造句也是必须要注意的问题。

（二）研究方法：文本分析、性格分析、比较分析等。

五、我的研究条件：

（一）基于我对简.爱的了解。早在高中的时候我就读了夏洛蒂的《简·爱》，并在大学学习了外国文学后，对她的《简·爱》有了进一步的了解，当然，最大程度上还是基于我对简.爱对罗切斯特真诚而执着的爱而感动的，读《简·爱》使我对爱情的理解上升到另一个层次，所以我选择了写这个论题。

（二）相关资料比较丰富。国内外文学研究中对《简·爱》的研究有很多，这就对我查找资料提供了方便，同时，在本校的图书馆中有很多有关研究《简·爱》的书籍，这在很大程度上也减轻了我收集资料的负担。

（三）时间充裕。现在已经是大四了，相对以往课程量要小的多，所以可以认真的去做收集资料、整理资料这一类事情，力争为写好这篇论文做好充分的准备。

六、主要参考文献（10种以上）： [1]谭蒙革.简.爱女性独立形象分析[J].读与写杂志，2011，（5）.[2]周美池.论《简·爱》不同时代的意义——以女主人公形象为例[J].时代文学，2009,（18）.[3]吴珊.读《简·爱》有感[J].时代文学，2009，(12).[4]刘丽.一个时代的女性呐喊与追求——谈《简·爱》中的典型人物简.爱[J].2009,(10).[5]龚玲.论《简·爱》的女性哥特式特征[J].黄冈师范学院学报，2011，（2）.[6]胡晴.论《简·爱》的女性意识[J].安徽文学，2008，（5）.[7]李红萍.论简·爱独立人格形象的塑造[J].泉州师专学报，1998，（1）.[8]李晓霞.从女权主义的角度解读《简·爱》[J].2010，（5）.[9]毛竹生.简·爱的出走与自我实现[J].2001，（6）.[10]王康英.论《简·爱》中女主人公简爱对真爱的追求[J].科技信息，2008.七、指导老师意见：

第三篇：简爱的爱情观的分析

河北师范大学

高等教育自学考试本科毕业论文

题目:简爱的爱情观的分析——解读《简爱》

专

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An Analysis of Jane Eyre’s Love Value

——On Jane Eyre

BY

***

Prof.*****，tutor

Submitted to the B.A.Committee in Partial Fulfillment for the requirements of the degree of Bachelor of Arts in the English Department of Hebei Teachers University

February 14, 2012

Contents 摘 要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„ III Abstract „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„IV Introduction „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1 Chapter I Jane Eyre’s Love Value„„„„„„„„ 4

A.Her Rebellion and Love Value„„„„„„„„„„„„ 4 B.Her Attitude Towards Men„„„„„„„„„„„„„„ 5 C.Her Female Consciousness 6

Chapter II The Formation of Jane Eyre’s Love Value „8

A.The Background of the Society„„„„„„„„„„„„8 B.The Formulation of Her Character „„„„„„„„„„9 C.The Love of Jane Eyre and Rochester „„„„„„„„„10

Chapter III The Significance of Jane Eyre’s Love Value „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„ 16

A.Showing Her Unique Character „„„„„„„„„„ 16 B.Awakening Her Feminist Consciousness„„„„„„„„ 17 C.The Growth of A New Woman „„„„„„„„„„„„„„19

Conclusion „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„ 20 Notes „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„22 Bibliography „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„23

摘 要

《简•爱》是一部自传体小说，它是英国女小说家夏洛蒂•勃朗特的第一部长篇小说。作者以第一人称的自叙手法，为我们描述了一个反抗社会压力，充满反叛和独立精神的女性形象。小说以其独特的艺术魅力，展示其充满爱、激情与理性的深刻内涵。本文分析了文本的主要艺术形象，通过一系列例证揭示了作者的意图和文本反映的主题。这种描述使文本人物形象丰满，有血有肉，同时揭示了作者隐含在文本中的反叛思想。朴实的女主人公简•爱，在传统的社会压力下，追求着自己的独立和忠实的爱情。

关键词 ：反抗，性格，爱情观，女性意识

III

Abstract

Jane Eyre is a piece of autobiographical fiction, which is British woman novelist Charlotte Bronte’s first novel published in 1849.Creating a female image who is against social pressure with rebellion and independence.The novel is filled with love, passion and reason, and maintains its unique artistic charm.This thesis analyzes some major characters in the novel and takes a lot of examples to show the author’s intention and reflect the love theme.Bringing character to life also suggests the author’s resistant spirit.The heroine of Jane Eyre, a plain and little girl, lives under traditional pressure to pursue independence and love loyalty.This thesis aims at her sense of love.Under her rebellion and self-respect, she literally has got a fiery heart for her love.Key Words: Resistance, character, love value, female consciousness

IV

Introduction This thesis discusses the love value of Jane Eyre.Jane Eyre is Charlotte’s best literary production.In writing it, the author drew a great deal from her own life-experience.The novel shows us a new woman on 19th century in England.Jane Eyre is one with a long history of literary works.It has a history of 152 years, it successfully portrays a women image who is dare to struggle, to fight for freedom and equality of status of the society.It is Charlotte Bronte’s best literary production.Bronte uses her experience as teacher and governess to address certain social ambiguities common in the 1800s.Though often better educated than their employers, governesses were socially far below them, not quite servant but definitely not equal.Morally, our heroine is several notches above the man she refers to as Master.Jane’s assertion to Rochester on more than one occasion that she is his equal is especially poignant.She declines to become his mistress, preferring to choose a path that leaves her penniless but not morally bankrupt.She declares, “The more solitary, the more friendless, the more unsustained I am, the more I will respect myself.”【1】

Erik Knies’ introduction of his edition is rich with insight about Bronte’s life and the creation of this classic novel.This is a great book to visit for the first time during the long cold winter, or revisit for those of us who haven’t picked it up in a decade or so.Beautiful language never goes out of style.Erik Knies said in his essay: “Goodness, of all virtues and dignities of the mind, is the greatest, being the character of the Deity, and without it, man is a busy, mischievous, wretched thing, no better than a kind of vermin.”【2】

That is to say a person without goodness is destined to lose everything.In the novel some people seem to doubt the existence of the goodness in humanity.They attach importance to money and benefit.But in Jane’s opinion, money is not the only real object while emotions and morality are more important.She pays attention to honesty and kindness of people.And in this novel, the heroine’s adamancy, independent, rebellion fully displays her intense female consciousness.Female consciousness is woman’s self-consciousness of status in the objective world.It is a personal motive to stimulate women’s pursuit for independence, freedom, initiative, creativity.Concretely speaking, female consciousness means women wake up and fulfill her historical mission, social responsibility, personal obligation, meanwhile they know their self-feature well and take part in social activities in their own ways.This thesis aims at Jane Eyre’s sense of love.Under her rebellion 2 and self-respect, she literally has got a fiery heart for her love.3 Chapter I Jane Eyre’s Love Value

Love is the most beautiful characteristic of human beings’ life.And love cannot be measured by status, power or property.To most people, they like to seek a meaningful, romantic relationship resulting in love, commitment, companionship and happiness.For people, it is most important that a man and a woman have heart and feelings that find a perfect response, and also have mutual affinity.Jane and Rochester get true love after a lot of sufferings.After acquaintance, then attracting each other, and falling in love deeply, they meet many obstacles.A.Her Rebellion and Love Value Jane is poor, plain and diminutive, but in front of love, she displayed the unusual courage and astonishing bold.She expressed her love to her lover bravely instead of licking her shoes and currying favoring with him.On the contrary, she expressed in just and severe terms that should maintain independence and keep initiative as well as the equality of the sexes.Rochester has fallen in love with her special personality.Just like Rochester said:“but regarding limpid vision, fluent enunciation, regarding that enthusiasm like fire mind, both full of affection and steady, also docile firm prefers death to humiliation the disposition, I am actually gentle and faithful forever”.【3】 What an exquisite summary, Rochester loves Jane Eyre’s character with kind, wise, self—respect and firm.She announced that the true basis of marriage could not be other, except love.A true love dose not depend on external conditions, it is based only on the mutual understanding, respect and attraction.This reflected her views about the value of human, she believed that the value of a person was not relied on the property, status and qualification as well as other external factors but on the internal factors such as thought, moral character, and intelligence and so on.Jane Eyre resolutely proved that true love could break through the gap between age, and background experience of the different natural or man-made barriers, so long as men and women could achieve the spiritual conjunction, mind communication.Marriage without love is not only painful but also pitiful.True love is mutual communication between hearts as well as mutual contribution.When Jane Eyre knew that Rochester was ready to marry pretty and young lady but still wanted Jane Eyre to stay with him, she got greatly hurt.Therefore, she announced loudly to Rochester: “Is it only because I am penniless, have an ordinary look and can not attract public attention that I have no soul and heart? I have the same rich heart as yours.I’m not speaking to you according to the conventions and customs nor with my flesh body.It is my soul that is pouring out to your soul, as if we two are passing through the tombs standing under the feet of God, absolutely equal to each other.” [4] This is not only the love mainfesto of seeking freedom and equality.B.Her Attitude Towards Men Jane Eyre left when she found the secret of Rochester’s mad wife.Rochester’s mad wife became the main hindrance between Jane and Rochester.Bertha Mason.Obviously, the plot is the criticism on English marriage system.However, Jane refused to cohabit with Rochester after their marriage was disclosed.She would rather get a marriage which is permitted and admired by other members in the society than be a mistress, which is looked down upon according to the leading trend of thought.Love is importantto Jane Eyre, but character and esteem is more important.“The more I am single, alone and no one to depend on, the more I respect myself”[5] what Jane Eyre wants is the love with respect.So she, refusing herself as Rochester’s lover and defending for her own dignity, has chosen the latter.It is known that men are superior to women.They go to good school;they can be officer;they can be businessmen as well;and they also have right to do everything.Women are only the affiliate of men.Women have no status.The reason why Jane Eyre gets highly apprises is that it portrays an image out of ordinariness.Jane Eyre is not reconciled to play the role that the society appointed.She maintains her respect by her hard working, wisdom, and the strong individualism.She believes that human is equal at God’s feet.The relationship between Jane Eyre and Rochester changes from host and servant to equal couple.Jane Eyre struggles continually to achieve equality and to overcome oppression.In addition to class hierarchy, she must fight against those who believe women are inferior to men.Three central male figures threaten her desire for equality and dignity: Mr.Brocklehurst, Edward Rochester, and St.John Rivers, each try to keep Jane in a submissive position, where she is unable to express her own thoughts and feelings.In her quest for independence and self—knowledge, she must escape from Brocklehurst, reject St.John and come to Rochester only after ensuring that they may get married equally.She will not rely solely on Rochester for love and she can be financially independent.Jane rejects marriages to Rochester and St.John because she understands she will have to forfeit her independence in the unions, and marry Rochester only when she has attained the financial independence and self-respect to maintain a marriage of equality.Jane Eyre’s rejection to John’s propose has further indicate her love view: a genuine love is equal, a marriage with love is happy.C.Her Female Consciousness Jane Eyre’s women consciousness is far beyond Victorian times.In 19th century, women did not have any status.They were discriminated against and conceived of as a people inferior to men.That was why Jane Eyre was criticized by some people.Lionel Stevenson said, “Jane Eyre was an intolerable renegade from all the standards of behavior expected of respectable girls.”[6]

In Jane’s life, she never stops struggling against miserable life and misfortune.She has not noble position, an illustrious background, wealth or a beautiful appearance.The only proud thing for her is her self-respect which is supported by her self-confidence and her staunch independence.She never expects that Rochester can love her because she thinks there is a big gap between them forever.When they fall in love, Jane has to keep her self-respect and impendence in case of losing herself.What she can give to Rochester is only her love, her infatuation, her spiritual support and nothing else.However, what Rochester gives her is more than hers.He can also improve Jane Eyre’s social status and increase her wealth.This situation makes her feel that they are not quite equal and her independence is also threatened.Jane’s women consciousness and her struggling experience set a brilliant example for the female worldwide.Her spirit encourages women to fight for liberation.Jane Eyre tells not only what an independent woman is like but also what a successful woman should do.7 Chapter II The Formation of Jane Eyre’s

Love Value The most distinctive character of Jane is the resistance, the continuous resistance.As a young girl, she is ill treated by her aunt, however, Jane Eyre finds her boundless confidence and tough spirit, and a kind of inner power cannot be defeated.Her resistance is related to her life environment.She is poor but aspiring, small in body but huge in soul.In her opinion, everyone is the same at God’s feet.A.The Background of the Society In the nineteenth century, Britain was full of male hegemony, the whole social ideology was at the centre of the male position to maintain social order, the power system and the mainstream group of male interests, so that women are in the edge of society, in terms of ideology dominated by male gender in the mainstream society.It will violate the order of Nature and religious tradition if a woman trys to cultivate her intellect.Jane Eyre fails to escape from the trend of thought, which is illustrated by a lot of factors.The work initiated the spirit of women seeking self-autonomy, at the same time, it still has a profound impact of contemporary society, the spirit does not yield to pressure, courage to challenge setbacks, seem commendable today.During the period from 1830s to 1840s, the labor movement was vigorously forging ahead in the Northern Industry Zone.There appeared gatherings and demonstrations with numerous participants who yelled the revolutionary slogans in Manchester and its neighboring factories and urban areas;then England practiced the reform of the bourgeois democracy under which the government departments seemingly carried out a series of measures for democratic reform.For instance passed the bill, the females worked to ten hours.However, it was far from the acquisition of the so-called right of equality even if the chartist movement didn’t come up with the proposal for equality of the opposite sexes.So then in the England, it was impossible for females to find a niche in the society, particularly the women falling within the category of the petty bourgeoisie though they were educated, yet they had no proprieties, so they lacked the very competitiveness in the marriage market and tended to suffer from snubs and poverty, having depended on other persons for support and being left stranded penniless.For those female of upper society, the marriage or life-long accompanied the parents became their finally choice.For the poor female in the society, no matter married or unmarried, all must in the farm, the inn, store and so on.After the industrial development initially, they can work in the factory.The description is a cruel picture of the reality of the 19th century in England.B.The Formulation of Her Character Jane was extremely firm and unyielding in character, when she held the wedding ceremony with Rochester in church, the identity of Rochester’s crazy wife was exposed, Jane suffered a severe test, she realized: wedding can not carry on, leaving in secret as what Rochester required was immoral, leaving him such a painful choice, but there was only one answer—leave him “I care about myself.”[7]

In spite of Rochester’s retaining repeatedly, she insisted on leaving, having nobody to turn to or for help all the way, even to the point of begging for food, she did not return.Having experienced so many hardships and sufferings, she never changed ,the natural characters of honesty in her, when her aunt, Mrs Read, who had mistreated her and left a severe wound in her childhood heart, was badly ill and dying.Jane returned to Gateshead Palace, expressed her sympathy for the helpless old woman, she learned to forgive her enemy.When confronted with a huge legacy inherited from her overseas uncle, Jane came up with a very wise solution which was neither greedy nor out of just, she divided the legacy equally with her cousins.After returning to St.Field, faced with the ruins burnt by a big fire and the former lover who had become a blind man, Jane didn’t show any disappointment and sadness at all, she was loyal to her love, she married Rochester determinedly in adversity.The belief and action of seeking for freedom and equality showed in Jane reflected, in effect, the requests of the newly rising bourgeoisie after the Industry Revolution.Though, as industry was developing very quickly, the whole England was at the transition from an agricultural country to an industrious one, the position of noble class was in imminent danger.The noble were still maintaining their social position with the class idea.The bourgeoisie who became increasingly stronger in economy had to break the old class idea in order to establish its corresponding political position and to prove that “everyone is equal before God”[8].The heroin, Jane Eyre who saw the freedom and equality as her own life, was completely different from the traditional women who were mild, submitted and dependent on men in economy.Her most distinctive character was rebellion, her resistance and rebellion were challenges against the traditional ideas, taking a rather complicated love story as the holder, Jane Eyre presents us a woman figure that embodied some requests of the newly born bourgeoisie, portrayed the spirit of the Industry Revolution Age, the purpose of this book was not simply calling for the compassion of the readers, but expressing her thoughts and emotions.C.The Love of Jane Eyre and Rochester Love is the most beautiful characteristic of human beings’ life.And love cannot be measured by status, power or property.To most people, they like to seek a meaningful, romantic relationship resulting in love, commitment, companionship and happiness.For people, it is most important that a man and a woman have heart and feelings that find a perfect response, and also have mutual affinity.Jane and Rochester get true love after a lot of sufferings.After acquaintance, then attracting each other, and falling in love deeply, they meet many obstacles.The environment of which Jane Eyre worked as a governess makes her the only subject for the master — Rochester to communicate with.As we know, Jane was sent to a charity school and stayed there for eight years.During the period, Jane suffered a lot, but at the same time she gained a lot, especially enriched and accumulated her knowledge and it’s the knowledge and experience which she learnt at Lowood laid her good foundation for the future work.And at Thornfield, Jane is the only intelligent person for Rochester to talk to although he didn’t want very much to talk with her.However, Rochester is a communicative person, he needs a person to be his listener.In Rochester’s opinion, it’s not impossible for Jane to know many things and learn a lot at the limited place—Lowood , however, he is learned, old enough to be her father and much experienced.So he can order her to do everything he likes, and when he talks with her, the superiority and condescension expresses thoroughly.And Rochester himself felt strange that he said “ should choose you(refer to Jane)for the confidant of all this, young lady: passing strange that you should listen to me quietly, as if it were the most usual thing in the world for a man like me to tell stories of his operamistresses to a quaint, inexperienced girl like you!” “you, with your gravity, considerateness, and caution were made to be the recipient of secrets.”[9]

But Jane can understand Rochester, so he wants to communicate with her because they can share the common language.Although Ingram is 11 attractive, accomplished and has a honourable family, she is apathetic, lofty and looks down upon others including the governess — Jane Eyre.And Ingram “used to repeat sounding phrases from books;she never offered, nor had, an opinion of her own.She advocate a high tone of sentiment;but she did not know the sensations of sympathy and pity: tenderness and truth were not in her.”[10]

After she observed her master attentively, Jane thought that: “ he is not of their(refer to Ingram and other rich people around Rochester)kind.I believe he is of mine;I am sure he is, I feel akin to him, I understand the language of his countenance and movements: though rank and wealth sever us widely, I have something in my brain and heart, in my blood and nerves, that assimilates me mentally to him.” [11]

From the passage above, we can see that Mr.Rochester is not easy to approach, and looks down upon others, especially persons ignorant of knowledge.If she has not studied six years and taught two years at Lowood School.Jane can’t advertise in the newspaper and get the job as the governess and she has no chance to communicate with her master in Rochester’s home if she hasn’t studied so much knowledge at Lowood.If they can’t communicate with each, they can’t know each other and it’s impossible for them to understand each other and even love each other.So we can’t imagine the linking up and understanding without knowledge.We always say that bad luck is precious property to a person.And there is a very famous saying: No pains, no gains.I think that Jane can get her job and love because of the severe management and her own hard-working at Lowood.And it’s her knowledge and experience learnt and accumulated at Lowood that makes our heroin Jane get her seeking justice and independence and in the end the love she is long for.From the first meeting with Rochester, we can see Jane’s position as a helper in Mr.Rochester’s mind.When one afternoon she is on her 12 way to the post office, Jane meets with Mr.Rochester unexpectedly.And after, she offers him help several times since he falls from his horse;Mr.Rochester still “had hardly turned his eyes in Jane’s direction before”[12].From this sentence we can see that Mr.Rochester is very haughty, he is not a man who is amiable and easy to approach.As an ordinary person, we should express our good manners to a stranger if others offers us help, but Mr.Rochester shows his ideas quite different.From their first meeting unexpectedly, Mr.Rochester knows the girl who helps him out of the trouble on his way to his home Thornfield is his governess.However, let’s see how our hero-Rochester’s attitude to Jane at his own home as a master.One evening when she is told at last by Mrs.Fairfax to have tea with Mr.Rochester in the drawing-room, Jane regards his first invitation as a ceremony and prepares it stately.From these statements above, it’s not difficult to see Mr.Rochester is a haughty and indifferent man either to his servant or to a person，he does not know much perhaps as far as he is concerned, he has nothing to say to his employees except giving them orders because he does not think his employees have the same languages to talk with.As we know, he is a bachelor and he has traveled many nations of the world.Not only the knowledge but also the experiences can make him superior to them.So he seems to look down upon any persons in his home.Mr.Rochester and Jane fall in love concerns and have revealed a lot of problem of United Kingdom society and tell to reader: What is the amatory basis? How to gain happy marriage? What position should the woman have in the family? That is to say, it is most important that a man and a woman have heart and feelings that find a perfect response, and also have mutual affinity.Shakespeare says: “the course of true love never runs smooth.” Jane and Rochester get true love after a lot of sufferings.Jane loves Rochester 13 deeply always-from the beginning to the end.There should be no distinction of property, rank or age in true love.Jane falls in love with Mr.Rochester.He who has rich experience and wisdom is softhearted, wealthy and in high rank as well as having pride and rudeness.Jane loves him, but not for his wealth and high rank, because he treats her equally and in a friendly manner, although she is poor and in low position.She is such an excellent girl, good, intelligent, considerate that Rochester is attracted to her.It is Jane not someone else Rochester loves.In order to lead a life of independence, Jane works as a governess at Thornfield Hall.She is looked down upon by the rich ladies of the fashionable society, but she never despises herself, she never feels herself inferior.She is satisfied with, and even proud of her honest, independence work.Rochester is attracted to her qualification of mind, courage, independence, and strong personality, and falls in love with her.But it is Jane Eyre who declares her love to Rochester before he makes his sentiment clear to her: “Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless?” she cries, “You think wrong!-I have as much soul as you,-and full as much heart!And if god had gifted me with some beauty, and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you.I am not talking to you through the medium of custom, conversation, nor even of mortal flesh;it is my spirit that addresses your spirit;just as if both had passed though the grave, and we stood at God’s feet, equal, as we are!”

[13]

Here, “equal” is the word, she loves Rochester just because he regards her as a human being, or more importantly, as an equal person.Equality is what she strives for, and in him she finds what she strives for.It shows that Jane is not very mature in mind.Without Rochester, her material life can’t be affected, but she can’t part from Rochester 14 in spirit and emotion.Rochester wins Jane’s heart, because she feels they are kindred spirits, and because he is the first person in the novel to offer Jane lasting love and a real home.Jane is honest, noble, pure, intelligent not to accept contaminating of common customs society, she has accepted his love just now, and has agreed to get married with Rochester.15 Chapter III The Significance of Jane Eyre’s

Love Value

A.Showing Jane Eyre is important history of English classical literature, and it successfully created the first female image who can take the aggressive attitude for the love and life, social and religious.At the same time, she also dares to fight for freedom and equality for the women status.A.Showing Her Unique Character Jane Eyre is Charlotte’s best literary production.In writing it, the author drew a great deal from her own life-experience.Jane Eyre, the daughter of a poor parson.She loses her parents shortly after her birth and the poor girl has to live in her aunt’s home.Her aunt, Mrs.Reed, is a very unsympathetic woman and treats her very badly.One day, unable to bear the maltreatment any longer, Jane tells straight to her what she thinks of her.Mrs.Reed is so angry that she gets rid of Jane by sending her to a charity school which is just for poor girls in Lowood.Maltreatmented again by the cruel masters there, Jane stays there for eight long years, six in studies, and two in the capacity of a teacher.Then she gets the position of governess for the daughter of Mr.Rochester, a rich squire.Mr.Rochester falls in love with Jane and she also loves him so much.They are about to get married when Jane gets to know that Mr.Rochester has a mad wife who is secretly kept under lock and key in the attic of the house.Jane is shocked by this and she finds she can not persuade herself to stay.So she goes through many hardships.Nearly dying on the moors, she is taken in and saved by the Reverend St.John Rivers who also helps her to get the job as a teacher in a village school.Meanwhile, a great misfortune befalls upon Mr.Rochester : he loses his sight during a fire which destroys the house, set by his mad wife who dies tragically by jumping off the roof in spite of his attempt to save her.Hearing that Mr.Rochester is penniless and disabled, Jane Eyre hurries back to him and becomes his wife eventually.As an orphan ,since her early childhood, Jane feels exiled and ostracized at the beginning of the novel, and the cruel treatment she receives from her aunt Reed and her cousins only exacerbates her feeling of alienation.Afraid that she will never find a true sense of home or community, Jane feels the need to belong somewhere, to find “kin,” or at least “kindred spirits.”

In her search for freedom, Jane also struggles with the question what type of freedom she wants.While Rochester initially offers Jane a chance to liberate her passions, Jane comes to realize that such freedom could also mean enslavement—by living as Rochester’s mistress, she would be sacrificing her dignity and integrity for the sake of her feelings.St.John Rivers offers Jane another kind of freedom: the freedom to act unreservedly on her principles.He opens to Jane the possibility of exercising her talents fully by working and living with him in India.Jane eventually realizes that this freedom would also constitute a form of imprisonment, because she would be forced to keep her true feelings and her true passions always in check.Charlotte Bronte may have created the character of Jane Eyre as a means of coming to terms with elements of her own life.Much evidence suggests that Bronte, who also struggled to find a balance between love and freedom and to find others who understood her.At many points in the book, Jane shows the author’s opinions on religion, social class, and gender.B.Awakening Her Feminist Consciousness The unyielding pursuit, self-confidence based on knowledge and conscience, and the capacity of criticizing the reality from Jane Eyre, are the rational severeign spirit of “I think therefore I am” from Cartesian.It is with wisdom, courage and knowledge to build a newly-free social relation that Jane opposed initially, was dignified and gained approval and respect later.And with her hard-working devoting of self-proved spirit since childhood, she actively fought for the basic severeign right for love and marriage while obeying the golden moral rule of “has the earnest and on others”.From Jane, we can't see the charming and sensuous qualities of women in Turgenev's book;we can't see the hesitated and submissive qualities in Zola's and Maupasant's book;we also can't see the slavery destiny in Hardy's book.“Passive, dedication, gentle, elegant,” which was strongly described by the writers in the old days to educate and mold their generation and beyond, but was not allowed to be appeared in modern women.Experienced the long-term excercise in public and society, the unstable situation can't make the modern women complain and the teasing of fate can't make them surrender.Jane owns what these modern women should have.In this period that men's leading culture exists in every corner of women's life, Jane sternly removed the great and the strong of men.She deeply revealed that the men's power was built beyond women's ignorance and submissive, and she clearly understood that it's impossible for men to be women's rescuer because in contrast, sometimes men are in more need of being rescured by women.It is because of her strong will and always-sensible mind as well as her patience and calmness, Rochester trusts her more than anyone.Every time faced with danger, he instinctively turns to Jane and tells her “I need you” to gain the power to live again.We can say that in the association with Jane, Rochester is totally attracted by Jane's noble characteristic that he entirely relies on Jane mentally and lively.18 C.The Growth of A New Woman As a foreign literature, most of women who have read Charlotte's Jane like it so much.If we think Charlotte's just to write this touching love and write Jane Eyre.We are wrong.The author is also a woman living in the UK fluctuation change in the middle of the 19th century, when thoughts have a brand new start.While in Jane Eyre ,the most important is the thought of women’s independent consciousness.Let us imagine, if Jane's independence, have been killed in her miserable childhood, If she didn't have the independence and live together with those terrible relatives , Rochester, who has much money to start a new life of status, If she wasn’t that pure, now we only have moving tears for this.Conclusion From the paper it is seen that Jane Eyre is worthy to love and to be loved.Her love is based on equality and independence, having nothing to do with status, power or property.She is not tempted with money and doesn’t want to be mistress of Rochester for money.Her love is loyal and steadfast.Jane Eye needs true love, and she overcomes the obstacles in the process of pursing true love.At last, she succeeds and lives a happy life with her lover.Through the detailed analysis of Jane Eyre’s character, it is known that whatever difficulties one encounters in his life, facing them bravely is the only way that one can do.Everybody has the rights to pursue happiness, to pursue the true spirit of life, which can be seen from Jane Eyre’s independence and toughness.So there is a independent woman who pursues true love and equality, and is a good example of all women.Jane Eyre is an orphan, and was ill-treated as a little girl.She strives for her life, which makes her tough character and strong self-respect.Because of her childhood’s life environment, she learns how to live.Also just for her growing experiences, it creates her strong personality, beautiful ideal and wisdom.Jane Eyre is a special image out of ordinary.She makes a life by herself, dares to express her own idea.Under the pressure of life, she always maintains her self-respect by hard work, intelligence and her tough individualism.She never gives in on her way.Though she has little figure, Jane Eyre is huge in soul.She pursues true love and is loyal and steadfast to her beloved man.Her kindness, intelligence, and independence attract the hero.At last she gets a perfect love.We can also say that Jane written by Charlotte is not flawed, but she conforms with human feelings, she is a woman rather than an angel, 20 a soul with and blood of the soul, With all kinds of human weaknesses and the advantages of a woman rather than a model.This is her psychological choice, her values, and she is actively to the struggle to fight, to fight for their own happiness, which is her right, as everyone should be allowed to own better.21

Notes [1] Bronet Charlotte, Jane Eyre(Oxford University ,1990),17-19 [2]Erik Knies,The Art of Charlotte Bronte,(Athens:Universty,1987),29-46 [3] Harris,Laurie Lanzen, Jane Eyre Nineteenth-Century Literary Criticism,(Detroit: Gale Research Company,1982),42-43.[4] Harris,Laurie Lanzen, Jane Eyre Nineteenth-Century Literary Criticism,(Detroit: Gale Research Company,1982),52.[5] Bronet, Charlotte, Jane Eyre(Oxford University ,1990),20-25 [6]Martin,Robert

Bernard，Charlotte Bronte’s Novels，（London:Faber,1966），23-24 [7] Bronet, Charlotte, Jane Eyre(Oxford University ,1990),35-37 [8] Martin,Robert

Bernard，Charlotte Bronte’s Novels，（London:Faber,1966），66 [9] Eagleton,Terry, Modern Critical Interpretation: Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre,(Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987),50-56.[10]Martin,Robert

Bernard，Charlotte Bronte’s Novels，（London:Faber,1966），30-34.[11] Martin,Robert Bernard，Charlotte Bronte’s Novels，（London:Faber,1966），41-44.[12] Bronet Charlotte, Jane Eyre(Oxford University ,1990)，54-62 [13]Martin,Robert

Bernard，Charlotte Bronte’s Novels，（London:Faber,1966），53-57.Bibliography Bronte, Charlotte.Jane Eyre.Oxford University Press 1990.Eagleton, Terry.Modern Critical Interpretations: Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre.Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers,1987.Erik Knies.The Art of Charlotte Bronte.Athens:University,1969.Harris, Laurie Lanzen.Jane Eyre Nineteenth-Century Literary Criticism.Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1982.Martin, Robert Bernard.Charlotte Bronte’s Novels.London:Faber, 1966.Oates, Joyce Carol.Introduction of Jane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte.New York: Bantam Books,1987.Patrica Thompson.The Noble Body of Governesses.London:Oxford University Press,1956.Williams M.Women in the English Novel.Macmillan Press Ltd,1984.陈圆圆，论《简·爱》中的女性意识。湖北经济学院学校报,2007,(1)杜荣芳，从《简·爱》中的爱情与婚姻看两性关系中女性的屈从地位。重庆工学院学报,2006,(10)田兆耀，《西方文学鉴赏》。北京：中国广播电视出版社，2002 陶德臻，《世界文学名著选读》。北京：高等教育出版社，2002 王守仁，《英国文学选读》。北京：高等教育出版社，2005 杨正和，《外国文学名作欣赏》。北京：科学出版社，1999

第四篇：《呼啸山庄》与《简爱》简要对比赏析

不要把时间花在多愁善感上，更不要随波逐流的让自己的情绪被别人牵着走，沉下心来冷静思考。能不能把人际关系梳理好，能不能解决发生在你身边的人的问题也是你今年事业发展的关键之一，建议你平复下来，不要把时间花在多愁善感上，更不要随波逐流的让自己的情绪被别人牵着走，沉下心来冷静思考。

Wuthering Heights , It depicts an abnormal picture of social life for people and deeply outline the human nature which has been distorted by the unbalanced society.It also includes the hatred to betrary for love and

a series of terrifying events.The whole story contains four parts :The first section is to describe the happy childhood between Heathcliff and Catherine ,including their peculiar relationship in a condition out of the ordinary.And the second part emphasizes on Catherine who abandons their affections because of her vanity and ignorance.Finally ,she becomes the hostess of Thrush Heights.In the third section ,the author mainly and largely depicts Heathcliff who and how alerts his hatred to concrete stratagems and actions in deep despair.The last part ,it just refers to the death of Heathcliff ,but highlightly reveals the new change in his mind-----------the recovering human nature.It contributes to a delighting light in the love tragedy with the terrifying air.It also reflects the spirit of humanity of the author.On the other hand ,Wuthering Heights which is regarded as “The most peculiar novel ” in the literature history of British depends on that it is different from the other contemporary works filled with the sentimental tone.On the contrary ,it depicts the strong love and violent hatred along with a series of ferocious revenges ,shocking the spirit of man.---Jane is ，，,`s maiden book which was written in her writing career in a period of the greatest prosperity.love story is the main content of this novel which deeply depicts the firmness,courage and

persistence of the young woman whose name is Jane.Jane is a woman who is different from the other women in that times.she met many sufferings which included the death of her parents and uncle ,when she was a child.what`s worse ,she also had to confront the humiliation.she lived an painful childhood,including the abuse from her vicious aunt.But these bitter experiences didn`t intimidate the young woman.On the contrary , they not only strengthen her will ,but also improve her revolted spirit.In the whole novel ,her behaviors fully express her firm personality which is so strong.Heathcliff and Jane both tenaciously struggled with the unfair fate ,but they confronted it in two kinds of different ways.Heathcliff lived with the powerful hatredso that his purpose is to wipe out the humiliation.It is the time that he lost the back of spirit when he has achieved his aim.At that point ,it is no sense for him of living.But for the love story of this book called Jane , Jane profoundly understood the dignity which is not based on such revenges.she behaved freely and she is a woman with the honest,noble and pure mind.Even though facing the great love and a fine life ,she still insisted her fair dignity.At the same time ,she accepted her loved one who lost his wealth and still chose to marry with him when he went blind.In the end ,she luckily found out her true love.2009级英语师范系11班：袁兴林

第五篇：《简爱》中的三种爱情观

《简·爱》中的三种爱情观

一、简·爱独立自主的爱情观

简·爱的思想发展是这部小说的中心。从一开始，简就有一种很强的自我意识——追求价值和尊严，勇敢地追求自由平等和独立自主。在罗切斯特的面前，她从不因为自己是一个地位卑微的家庭教师而感到自卑，她认为他们是平等的。她的正直、高尚、纯洁，她的心灵没有受到世俗社会的污染，所以罗切斯特为之震撼，把她看成一个可以和自己在精神上平等交谈的人。简的独立性在整部小说的情节发展中不断地得到了验证。

在不知伯莎的存在时，简·爱对罗切斯特一往情深却又不免担忧。她要追求的不仅是一场浪漫的爱情，还追求一种自我价值。这跟她的成长经历有很大的关系，因为她从小就是孤儿。小说一开始就写道：她感到无家可归，流离失所，再加上舅妈和堂兄对她粗暴残忍，使得她备受社会的疏离，永远也无法找到家的感觉，她迫切需要亲人、需要关爱。当她来到桑菲尔德，遇上罗切斯特的时候，没多久便暗暗喜欢上了他。在罗切斯特看来，简是一个很特别的女孩，不像维多利亚时期的平凡女子一样追求财富和美貌、名利和地位。

尽管罗切斯特的表白和求婚让简感到非常高兴，但也不免忧虑和担心。因为她一直渴望自由自在的生活，婚姻就意味着束缚和屈服，意味着她要对他负责、受他的控制。当罗切斯特挥金如土，为她添购丝绸、珠宝的时候，她变得更加敏 感，觉得自己就像是一个被苏丹宠爱的奴隶。她说：“他越是给我买东西，我的脸越是发烧，有一种烦恼和低人一等的感觉。”她反对罗切斯特称她为“天使”，也不喜欢他像打扮一个玩偶一样打扮她。她说：“我是一个有思想、有感觉的人。” 为了保持自己的独立，她决定继续做阿戴尔的家庭教师。这一切都清楚地表明简具有很强的独立自主意识。然而在得知伯莎的存在以后，简·爱对罗切斯特尽管依依不舍却又坚决选择了离开。就在婚礼举行的当天，罗切斯特的疯妻的弟弟出现了，他知道罗切斯特另娶了新妻，便出来强行干涉。这让简不禁想起了那可怕的笑声、那场神秘的大火、那撕破了婚纱的陌生人„„发生在桑菲尔德有如此多 的奇怪的事情！她告诉自己必须要离开。

离开桑菲尔德是简作出的最大的决定。从罗切斯特那里，她找到了渴望已

久的爱情，桑菲尔德是她第一个真正的家，离开了它仿佛就是离开了自己。但是，作为罗切斯特的情妇跟他生活在一起，却又意味着自我妥协，那是她最不想要的。甚至在知道伯莎的存在以前，她就觉得嫁给罗切斯特是一种冒险，他们压根儿就不会平等，她害怕罗切斯特把她当玩物一样对待，更要命的是，嫁给一个地位比 她高的人，让她有负债感。简清楚地看到了她与罗切斯特的这种关系意味着自尊的丧失、意味着他对她的控制。她认为这是道德上的过错，她无法接受自己去做这样的事情。尽管桑菲尔德是她唯一的家，罗切斯特的求婚又让她有了幸福感和归属感，但是她知道，留在这儿也就意味着一种自我禁锢。因此，在能够离开的时候她还是坚决选择了离开。

在桑菲尔德遭遇大火之后，简和罗切斯特重归于好，找到了幸福的归宿。离开了桑菲尔德以后，简在莫尔顿过着简朴的生活，给一群穷孩子们做老师。她在经济上是独立的，并且担当了一个重要的角色。她对待传教士圣·约翰的态度也充分地证明了她的独立自主性。当她要答应嫁给他的时候，简听到了罗切斯特的呼喊。她便拒绝了他，再次来到了桑菲尔德。到那儿才发现桑菲尔德已经被烧成了平地，罗切斯特也变成了残疾，他失明了，一条手臂也没有了。他要靠她才能走路、才能看书，罗切斯特身体上的残疾需要简成为他的主人。大火烧掉了罗切斯特的庄园，还让他失去了双眼，让他顷刻间变得一贫如洗。简却截然相反，就在那个时候，她从叔叔那儿接过一大笔遗产。他们的经济地位已经发生了逆转。她完全可以放弃爱情、放弃现有的贫穷而孤独的生活。然而，她却采取了一种相 反的举动—结束了尊严与爱之间的徘徊，决定嫁给他。因为只有在能够自给自足的情况下，她才肯跟罗切斯特结婚。她说：“在爱情和尊严之间，她只想求得内心的平静，一颗不被过多的恩赐压碎的心。”她不愿成为依附他的主人。只有在平等的情况下，婚姻才能够成立。

二、罗切斯特感性至上的爱情观

罗切斯特出身于名门望族，因为不是长子，没有财产继承权。他的父亲“既想使自己的家产不至于分散，又想让他也有财产以保持家族的声望”，和他哥哥一起帮他找了个对象，也就是后来发了疯的伯莎·梅森，在他“还不知道是怎么回事时就和她结婚了”。婚后短暂的婚姻生活让罗切斯特彻底看清了伯莎的性格品质，使他意识到“自己从来没爱过她，从来没敬重过她，甚至从来没有了解过

她”。

罗切斯特从自己的妻子那儿得不到爱情的安慰，但心里又渴望着爱情，但他的爱情观依然停留在感性层面。首先，罗切斯特已经结了婚，不管他的妻子是不是疯了，是不是能够履行夫妻义务，在法律上他已经是一个女人的丈夫了，就不 能和其他女子再组成家庭，但罗切斯特认为他“应该有自由去爱和被爱”，在他心目中，爱情已经凌驾于道德法律之上。其次，为了试探简的内心想法，罗切斯 特特地邀请了英格拉姆小姐一干人等到桑菲尔德庄园做客，并且刻意地讨好英格拉姆小姐，造成他似乎要向她求婚的假象，以此想使简产生妒忌的心理。他还假扮吉普赛人，假装给未婚女子们算命，想进一步地窥视简的情感世界。这样的做法其实至少伤害了两个人，一个是英格拉姆小姐，另一个是简·爱。罗切斯特利用自己手中的权势地位财富玩着爱情游戏，口口声声说着爱，但其行为又是何等的冷酷。再次，当和简·爱的结婚计划被粉碎时，罗切斯特竟提议到法国去过同居生活，幻想着和简·爱“厮守在一块儿”，“过着幸福、安全、无忧无虑的生活”，“相伴到老”。罗切斯特给读者描绘了一副温暖美丽的图画，只考虑到自己的精神需求，却没有想到这样做会给他人带来怎样的后果。

三、圣约翰理性至上的爱情观

与罗切斯特的感性至上的爱情观形成鲜明对比的是圣约翰理性至上的爱情观。在圣约翰身上，理智战胜情感，为主工作的精神压制了人类的正常感情，甚至可以拿圣洁的爱情来为之殉道。

第二个体现就是圣约翰对伴侣的选择。他承认自己“发疯似地爱着罗莎蒙德·奥利弗”，可是同时“却冷静而清醒地意识到，她不会成为他的好妻子，她不是那种适合于他的伴侣”。对他来说，结婚不过是手段，是实现自己传教理想的工具。在日常的相处中，圣约翰看到了简·爱身上的“温顺、勤奋、无私、忠实、坚贞、勇敢，非常文雅，又颇具英雄气概”等品质。圣约翰发现简的这些品质非常适合做一名传教士的妻子，有利于自己实现未来的宗教目标，于是充满功利地爱上了“实用性”极强的简·爱，命令她和自己一起学习印度斯坦语，并极力劝说她做自己的配偶兼助手去印度实现其殉道的使命，显然，圣约翰的理性至上的爱不符合人情，也不符合道德。第三个体现就是圣约翰对婚姻的态度。他要求简·爱嫁给他，却不会给她想要的爱情，但却希望有一个真实的婚姻关系。圣

约翰给不了简爱情，却要求简身心都属于他，这种“奉献的”爱情观体现了圣约翰人性中自私自利、虚伪的一面。

纵观《简·爱》中的三种爱情观，女主人公简·爱向往追求的爱情符合道德法律规范，能经受得住时间、空间、财产和地位的巨大变迁的考验，婚姻生活中夫妻双方有心灵的默契、人格的独立和个性的魅力；罗切斯特只想要爱情，随心所欲，置道德法律规范于不顾；圣约翰只要婚姻，并且把妻子看成是他实现自己理想的一个工具。相较之下，一个有思想、有见解的独立自主的女性简·爱的爱情观健康纯洁，符合人性，符合常理。夏洛蒂通过刻画这样一个独立自主的文学形象，并注入一些自己的亲身经历以及宗教观念，既表达了她对男性压迫者的强烈抗议，又表达了她追求独立自主、自由平等的女权主义思想。简·爱作为一个以“独立自主”而著称的文学形象，吸引并激励着越来越多的女性去效仿。