大学英语翻译全教程第一讲(完美版)[范文大全]

第一篇：大学英语翻译全教程第一讲(完美版)

翻译理论与实践

（以《英语翻译教程》南开大学出版社为基础）

第一讲 翻译概述

一、翻译的概念

1．广义的翻译指语言与语言、语言与非语言等代码转换和基本信息的传达。它包括不同语言间的翻译（如英汉互译）语言变体间的翻译（如古今语言、不同方言的互译）、语言与其他交际符号的转换（如把交通规则画成交通标志）。他对翻译的内容只强调“基本信息”，不强调“完全的忠实”。也有翻译家提出“理解也是翻译”的理论，这就把语言与思维也包括在广义的翻译里了。

2．狭义的翻译指语言活动，是把一种语言所表达的内容中式地用另一种远表达出来。这个定义强调“是一种语言活动”，表明它是人类多种交际方式中语言交际的沟通；强调“一种语言到另一种语言”，排除了同一语言间各变体的互译；强调“忠实地”，避免了翻译与释义或改写的混淆。

奈达（Eugene Nida）“Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and second in terms of style.”(Nida & Taber: The Theory and Practice of Translation)

我们的翻译课讲的就是狭义的翻译，并专指“书面表达内容”，以区别于有独特之处的口译（interpretation）。

二、翻译的分类

1．从所涉及的代码性质看，可分为语内翻译（intralingual translation）、语际翻译（interlingual translation）和语符翻译（intersemiotic translation）。语内翻译是同一种语言见不同语言变体的翻译，如把古汉语译成现代汉语，把黑话译成一般语言（雷子，一方）；语际翻译是不同语言间的翻译，是狭义翻译研究的对象；语符翻译是用非文字符号解释文字符号，如图画、手势、音乐符号等。

2．从方向上看，我国的翻译可分为外译汉、汉译外。

3．从手段上看，翻译可分为口译、笔译和机器翻译。

4．从题材，即所译资料的性质上看，可分为文学翻译（literary translation）,如小说、诗歌、戏剧等，和实用翻译（pragmatic translation）,科技资料、法律文件、新闻、公文等。当然两者都可以进一步再分。如小说翻译、新闻翻译等。

5从翻译的模式上看，可分为全译、编译、缩译（节译）、摘译、改译。

a)编译 是翻译与编订的结合，是指把所需材料选编、翻译过来，一般不加如译者的观点，所据材料可以是一种也可以是多种，常用于实用性资料的翻译中，如说明书，介绍。

b)缩译也叫节译，是翻译与缩写的结合，近似于编译，但一般要求原材料是一种。（如金教授《尤利西斯》的节译与选译之争）

c)摘译是翻译与摘录的结合，是比缩译更简约的一种获取资料的方法。

d)改译，是翻译和创作的结合，如文学作品可以增删一些情节（迦因小传），体裁也可有所改动，如原文是戏剧可改译成小说（如朱生豪把莎士比亚的诗体译成散文体）。补充资料：口译

口译依进行的方式，可分为同声传译以及交替传译两大类。

●同声传译

所谓同声传译（Simultaneous Interpreting），是指译员以几乎与讲者同时的方式，做口语翻译，也就是在讲者仍在说话时，同声传译员便“同时”进行翻译。由于同声传译员必须一边接收来自讲者的讯息，一边将讯息尽快传递给听者，因此“一心多用”这样的分神能力（Multi-tasking），是译员的训练重点。

同声传译经常应用于一般的正式国际会议中，通常口译员会坐在位于后方的“口译室”（Booth）中，透过耳机以及视线或视讯接收讲者的讯息，然后对著麦克风进行翻译，而坐于会场中的听众，1

则可透过特殊的音讯接收设备，以耳机听取口译员的翻译。正式的国际会议中，出于口译员精神负荷的考量，通常一种语言会由两位口译员负责，两人轮流进行翻译。

●交替传译

所谓交替传译（Consecutive Interpreting），是指讲者讲到一个段落后，停下来让口译员进行翻译，以此方式交替进行。由于讲者说话的时间长短不一，为了不遗漏重点，在短时间内以笔记的方式摘要讲者说过的内容，是同声传译员的训练重点之一。

关于口译的考试

“翻译专业资格（水平）考试”(China Accreditation Test for Translators and

Interpreters —CATTI)是在全国实行统一的、面向社会的、国内最具权威的翻译专业资格（水平）认证；是对参试人员口译或笔译方面的双语互译能力和水平的认定。

翻译专业资格(水平)考试合格，颁发由国家人力资源和社会保障部统一印制并用印的《中华人民共和国翻译专业资格(水平)证书》。翻译专业资格(水平)考试在国家人力资源和社会保障部指导下,由中国外文局组织实施与管理。

2003年12月6日至7日，全国首次二级、三级英语口译、笔译试点考试在北京、上海、广州三个城市举行。这项考试分三级、二级、一级口笔译翻译和资深翻译4个等级，目前我们进行的是二级口译、笔译翻译和三级口译、笔译翻译的考试。2010年二级英语笔译、口译交替传译类考试和三级英语笔译、口译考试分为5月8、9日和11月13、14日两次举行；其他语种各级别考试均为一次。

三、译者的素养

1.坚实的语言功底：不仅指外语，也指汉语水平，应有很强的双语能力。提高的途径是多阅读，优秀的经典的中外文学作品。

例：There’s no pot so ugly it can’t find a lid.（该句的含义是“姑娘无论多丑也能配个汉子。”）

如果译为“没有丑到配不上一个盖子的罐子”，读起来未免平板滞重；

如果译为“罐儿再丑，配个盖子不发愁”，意韵合拍，顿成妙笔佳句。

2.合理的知识结构：即杂学，天文地理、人情风俗、历史事件。提高的途径是勤学多问，要成为一名杂

家。如： radio astronomer是“射电天文学家”不是“无线电天文学家”，radio telescope是“射电望远镜”不是“无线电望远镜”。Radio noise 是“射频噪声”。

例：After lunching in the basement of the Medical School, Philip went back to his rooms.It was Saturday afternoon, and the landlady was cleaning the stairs.(在医学院地下室吃过午饭后，菲利普回到自己的寓所。那是一个星期六的下午，女房东正在打扫楼梯。)

在英国把房屋分间出租供人住宿，被称为landlord/landlady。有人缺乏相关背景知识，把landlady译为“女地主”。

3.学习一些翻译理论和技巧：如翻译的标准、过程方法、历史，翻译时所采用的各种方法。

4.高度的责任感：高度的责任感，不负责任的错误清则闹笑话，重则出事故。如96年奥运会的三剑客就

因为翻译的失误而错失金牌。在1996年的亚特兰大奥运会上,因为翻译错了比赛时间,中国男子击剑队三剑客叶冲,王海滨,董兆致没有准时参加男子花剑的团体比赛,那时候中国三剑客正值上升期,绝对具备夺牌或者拿到金牌的实力,但就是因为翻译的疏忽让他们的奥运梦想破裂了。

四、翻译的步骤：1.理解（翻译的第一步）；2.表达（翻译）；3检查(Proofreading)。英译汉难在理解，因而造成误译。如：“He only passed the French test.”(他勉强通过了法语考试)。而不是 “只有他通过了法语考试”（Only he passed the French test）,也不是“他只通过了法语考试”（He passed only the French test）

又如： 上世纪三十年代，鲁迅与瞿秋白是主张用“直译法”翻译英语作品的，主张“宁信而不顺”，当时与“意译派”赵景深之流有较大冲突。英语中的“milky way”的中文意思是“银河”，赵景深主张翻译外文“与其信而不顺，不如顺而不信“，竟然将其译成“牛奶路”。这让鲁迅等人嗤之以鼻，鲁迅还稍弄文笔，作小诗一首以讽之。诗云：“可叹织女星，竟作马郎妇。喜鹊疑不来，条条牛奶路。”（意思是：织女星被“牛头不对马嘴”之人配作了“马郎妇”，喜鹊看见不是牛郎，都不来了，如何相见呢？只有靠一条条的牛奶路了。鲁迅将银河与牛郎织女之故事联系起来，又结合对手张冠李戴之作法，巧妙刺其不伦不类之意，令“意译派”尴尬不已，很下不来台。）

The Milky Way，传说中赫拉（古希腊神话中的天后，宙斯的姐姐和第三位妻子，她在奥林匹斯山的地位仅次于她的丈夫宙斯。）的乳汁溅成的天路。虽然赵景深“牛奶路”这个翻译曾受人耻笑并弃之不用，但“银河”一词未免又忽略了它背后的希腊神话故事，汉译英难在表达，如汉译英实践中的“三角钱”译成了“triangle money”。

五、大学生如何学好翻译

（1）树立正确的学习态度，克服轻视、惧怕翻译的心理。

（2）掌握基本的翻译理论技巧知识

（3）进行大量的实践：熟能生巧，在实践中不断摸索，提高认识，增强双语能力。

六、课堂练习

1.理解易，表达难

（1）It was a cold winter day.这是一个寒冷的冬天。（错）

这是寒冬的一天。（错）

这是冬天的寒冷的一天。（两个“的”，两个“天”，别扭）

冬天一个寒冷的日子。

（2）She liked to be with him better than with others.她觉得跟他在一起比跟别人在一起开心。（没错，但不顺）

她觉得跟他在一起比跟谁都开心。（更顺一些）

她觉得跟他在一起最开心（好，汉语往往用最高级形式代替一般比较级形式）

（3）离开教室的时候关灯。

Turn off the lights before you leave.（用when不符合英语习惯）

2．理解难，（1）All men can’t be first.并非人人都可以拿第一。

（2）He has a large family.他的子女很多。（family在《牛津袖珍英汉双解词典》中的解释有a.numbers of a household 家庭成员；b.person’s children 子女）

（3）I always get angry with him, I just can’t help it.我老是对他发火，我就是控制不了我自己。

3．变性（词性发生变化）

1）O.Henry is the creator of a new short story genre in literature.欧·亨利是文学上短篇小说的一种新体裁的创造者。（生手译文）欧·亨利在文学上创造了短篇小说的一种新体裁。（n.→v.）

2）The presence of the Indians here at the time of Columbus’ arrival is sufficient proof of it.（n.—v.）４．词无定译

（1）who is a good Christian, a good parent, child, wife or husband.虔诚的教徒，慈爱的父母，孝顺的儿女，贤良的妻子，尽职的丈夫。——杨必《名利场》

（2）Young Archimedes: 在所在的作品中，应该译成“小Archimedes”, 因为小主人公只有十二岁，所以不能译成“年轻的Archimedes”

（3）书=book?

book: number of sheet of paper, either printed or blank, fastened together in a cover.（笔记本：notebook可以反映出book在汉语与英语中的理解，英汉词典的中文翻译“书”往往会误导我们。）

书：书写（write）书法（calligraphy）、书信（letter），保证书和说明书（document）

（4）Among all those decades’ worth of family documents my parents had looked through, the delivery bill was the only thing they thought of sufficient interest to pass along.（无法对译：指我的出生记录/证明）

document: an official paper, a certificate, anything written that gives information or supplies evidence.5.增词

1）For months I have kept on my desk a picture from a tabloid.几个月来，我桌上一直放着一幅从小报上剪下的照片。

2）Science demands of men great effort and complete devotion.人们要掌握科学知识，必须做出巨大努力，并表现出无限的热忱。（不能说“掌握科学”，故加“知识”，英语名词见长，汉语动词见长，故加“做出”、“表现出”。）

6．减词

1）He put his hands into his pocket and then shrugged his shoulders.他把双手插进口袋，然后耸了耸肩。

第二篇：大学英语翻译

Unit 1 1.听到她屡遭失败的消息，我感到很难过（distress）

It distressed me a great deal to hear the news that he had suffered repeated failure.2.他虽然失去了老板的欢心，但仍然装出一副高兴的样子（assume）He assured an air for cheerfulness, even though he lost favor with his boss.3.格列佛（Gulliver）经历了冒险奇遇，见到了各色奇异的人物（assortment）Gulliver met with extraordinary adventures and saw a strange assortment of people.4.如果你再犯同样的错误，他会很生你气的（furious）He will be furious with you if you repeat the same mistake.5.我们都被他坦率的观点、幽默的语言和亲切的态度所深深吸引（draw）We were all greatly drawn by his frank views, humorous words and genial manner.6.等到欢呼的掌声平息下来，那位诺贝尔奖获得者开始演讲（die down）After cheers and applause died down, the Nobel Prize Winner began his speech.7.他天生有一种特别的洞察力和预见力，因此，他很少随大流（run with the crowd）He is gifted with a sore of insight and foresight, so he rarely runs with the crowd.8.我发现现实毕竟是非常严酷的，一个人难以完全按照自己的理想去生活（live up to）I feel realities are after all very harsh, so one can hardly live up entirely to his ideals.Unit 2 1.我的顶头上司是典型的工作狂，一年365天每天工作10小时以上（workaholic）

My immediate boss is a typical workaholic, for he works for over ten hours each day all the year round.2.校长十分注重课外活动，他认为课外活动有助于培养学生对外部世界的浓厚兴趣（extracurricular）

The principal attaches much importance to extracurricular activities and he believes that they will help to cultivate students' tremendous interest in the external world.3.星期一早上，他总是快速冲个澡，胡乱吃块三明治，拦辆出租车去上班（grab）He always grabs a shower, a sandwich and then a taxi to go to work every Monday morning.4.既然你要离开公司了，你要在本周内清算账目（straighten out）

Since you are leaving the company, you should straighten out the accounts within the week.5.为了按时完成博士论文，他经常熬夜（stay up）

He often stays up late at night in order to finish writing his Ph.D dissertation on time.6.没有什么能够取代内心深处最深切的爱（replace）

Nothing can replace the profoundest love lodged in one's heart of hearts.7.他被认为是总裁职位的当然人选，因为他已经出色地做了近10年副总裁（natural n.）He is considered a natural for the post of the president, for he has been an excellent vice-president for almost ten years.8.他实在太普通了，丢人堆里根本找不着（pick out）He is just too common to be picked out from the crowd.Unit 3

1、这所大学是世界上历史最悠久的高等学府之一（venerable）The university is one of the most venerable institutions of higher learning in the world.2、如果一个人缺乏实践经验，仅凭课堂里学到的东西是难以成功的（deficient）

If one is deficient in practical experience, he can hardly make himself a success with only what he has acquired in class.3、我火冒三丈，这片专题文章本周内必须写完，但老是被打断（exasperate）

I felt exasperated by constant interruptions, for I had to finish writing the monograph by the end of this week.4、他认为用就问题来写一个当代的主题是滑稽可笑的（ludicrous）

He feels that it is ludicrous to write on a contemporary theme in an ancient style.5、上海的外滩在上世纪七八十年代是年轻情侣喜欢来的谈情说爱的之地（coo）

The Bund in Shanghai was a place where young couples liked to come to coo in the 70s and the 80s of the last century.6、作为10来岁的孩子，他女儿算是非常恬静的，因为她喜欢读书胜于嬉戏（sedate）His daughter is very sedate for a girl of about ten, for she kikes reading more than playing.7、当一抹阳光洒向大地的时候，这对情人手拉手，在乡村道路上散步（stroll）

The couple strolled hand-in0hand along the country road when the sun in its first splendor steeped the earth.8、这个诗人在世时被普遍认为是一个怪癖的浪漫天才（eccentric）

The poet was commonly considered as an eccentric romantic genius when alive.Unit 4

1、毫无疑问，莎士比亚是各个时代剧作家相形见绌（overshadow）

It goes without saying that Shakespeare overshadows all the other playwrights throughout the ages.2、《了不起的盖茨比》被普通认为是美国上世纪爵士时代的缩影（epitome）

The Great Gatsby is commonly deemed as the epitome of the Jazz Age of the last century in America.3、你最好不要在他去哈佛大学深造的兴头上泼冷水（put a damper on）

It is advisable for you not to put a damper on his enthusiasm to further his studies at Harvard.4、年轻人容易盲目崇拜体育圈和娱乐圈迷人的明星（make a fetish of）

Young people tend to make a fetish of glamorous stars in sports and entertainment circles.5、他们一路闲逛，漫步来到市中心区域观看庆祝国庆的烟花燃放（traipse）

They traipsed all the way to the downtown area to watch the National Day fireworks display.6、他没有犯什么大错或大罪，不该受到如此严厉的惩罚（deserve）

He does not deserve such a severe punishment as he has committed neither serous errors nor grave crimes.7、我每次遇到他，他总是说一堆无聊的话（a whole lot of）Every time I met him, he would talk a whole lot of nonsense.8、名声是一个许多人愿意掉下去的陷阱（trap）

Reputation is a trap into which many people are ready to fall.Unit 5

1、当哈姆雷特拿不定注意该采取什么行动时，他就装疯（feign）Hamlet feigned madness when he was hesitating what to do.2、搪塞推诿是这生意人的惯用伎俩（prevarication）

Prevarication is one of the techniques this businessman likes to employ.3、真理之光有时太刺目，于是善意的谎言随处可见（ubiquitous）

Sometimes the light of the truth is just too dazzling, so white lies are ubiquitous.4、美国许多妇女声称他们对自己二等公民的地位感到不满（profess）

Many women in America profess that they are unhappy with their status as second-class citizens.5、一时冲动之下，他失言抖出了秘密（blurt out）On the impulse of the moment, he blurted out the secret.6、你应该摆脱偏见，抵制诱惑，不让任何东西扭曲你的判断（warp）

You should get rid of any prejudice, resist temptations and let nothing warp your judgment.7、他是一个过于敏感和富于想象的人，经常在头脑里编织一张复杂的网络（a tangled web）Being over-sensitive and imaginative, he often weaves a tangled web in his mind.8、他在伙伴中很受欢迎，因为他尽量不给别人添麻烦（spare）

He is very popular among his peers as he always tries to spare others any trouble.Unit 8 1.实验结果远远超出了他们的预料（surpass）

The result of the experiment far surpassed their expectations.2.我们应该充分考虑这个项目的费用和可能遇到的问题（take account of）

We should take full account of the cost of the project and the difficulties we might encounter 3.好天气是这次远征科学考察成功的原因之一（contribute to）The fair weather contributed to the success of the scientific expedition.4.巴西球员球星罗纳尔多（Ronaldo）在2002年世界杯足球赛中射进好几个精彩的球（spectacular）

Ronaldo, one of the football stars from Brail, scored several spectacular goals in 2002 FIFA World Cup.5.罗伯特*弗罗斯特（Robert Frost）由于对诗歌的杰出贡献被美国许多大学授予名誉学位（confer…upon）

Many honorary degrees from different colleges and universities in America were conferred upon Robert Frost for his remarkable contributions to poetry.6.摆脱坏习惯需要耐心和毅力（emancipation from…）

Patience and perseverance are required in emancipation from bad habits.7.他们努力将这些新观念灌输到学生的头脑中去（instill）They tried to instill such new ideas into students’ minds.8.你对员工进行评估时应该做到公正（impartiality）

You should demonstrate impartiality in your assessment of the employees.Unit 9 1.你应该提前告诉我你将去美国深造的事（in advance）

You should have told me in advance that you would further your studies in United States.2.他过分宠爱他的孙辈（lavish）He lavished too much care on his grandchildren.3.各种新技术产业已经兴起（spring up）

Various new technology industries have sprung up.4.许多英语单词源于拉丁语、希腊语和法语词汇（derive from）Many English words derive from Latin, Greek and French words.5.一位哲学家认为矛盾对立无处不在（ubiquitous）

A philosopher holds that contradictory oppositions are ubiquitous.6.仁慈善良是他本性中不可缺少的一部分（part and parcel）Kindness is part and parcel of his nature.7.他具有超人的记忆力和智力（phenomenal）He possessed phenomenal memory and intelligence.8.他对吃穿都很讲究（fastidious）

He is fastidious about what he eats and wears.Unit 11

1、他的父母对他有很高的期望，他感到压力很大（feel weighted）He felt heavily weighted with such high expectations from his parents.2、他用积极的观点来解释这件事（in…light）He interpreted the incident in a favorable.3、我很讨厌他，因为他特别喜欢诽谤他人（go out of one's way）I detest him, for he often goes out of his light way to backbite others.4、许多宗教的教义敦促人们超越尘世的成功（mundane）Many religious teachings urge people to transcend mundane success.5、个人的主动性是促进事业发展的要素之一（initiative）

Personal initiative is one of the essential elements in promoting your career.6、我认为填鸭式教育不是好的教学方法（spoon-feed）

I don't think it is a good method of reaching to spoon-feed students.7、我将全力以赴在下个月之前完成这项任务，因为我不想有不遵守诺言的污名（stigma）I will spare no efforts to accomplish the task by the end of next month, for I don't want to suffer from the stigma of having broken my promise.8、我得到了许多与教育新政策相关的信息（pertinent）

I've got much information pertinent to the new policy in education.

第三篇：大学英语翻译

1．会上有人建议任命一个十一人委员会来制定新章程 It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of 11 be appointed to make a newconstitution.2．这些青年科学家通过现场观察，获得了研究工作所需的第一手资料 By making on-the-spot observation, the young scientist obtained first-hand information they needed in their research work.3．他很可能会因视力不好而被拒收入伍 It is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because of his bad eyesight.4．委员会成员在新机场最佳选址这一问题上持有不同意见 The committee members have conflictingopinions as to the best location of the new airport.5.亨利创作的艺术品在许多方面比他兄弟的要好 Henry’s works of art are superior in many respects to those of his brother’s.6.我们产品质量的稳步提高在很大程度上是由于设备有所改迚 The steady rise in the quality of our products owes much to the improvement of our equipment.7.吉姆本想按照自己的判断行亊，但他没有这样做，因为作为军人他得服从命 令 Jim would have preferred to act on his own judgment, but he didn’t because as a soldier he had to obey the order.8.如果让我来决定我们是要一个没有自行车的城市呢，还是要一个没有汽车的 城市，我会毫不犹豫地选择后者 Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a city without bikes or one without cars.I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.1.她在当地一家银行找到一份出纳员的工作，但不久因不称职而被解雇了。She got a post as a cashier at a local bank.But she was soon fired because she proved to be incompetent.2.很明显是他的年轻助手在经营这家书店。It is obviously/clearly his youngassistant who is runningthe bookstore.3.这项建议在会上一宣布，她就站起来提出异议。No sooner had the proposal been announced at the meeting than she got to her feet to protest.4.比尔已向哈佛大学申请助教职位，但他得到它的可能性很小。Bill has applied to Harvard University for a teaching assistantship, but his chances of gettingit are slim.5.由于缺乏资金，他们正在想办法吸引外资。Being short of funds, they are tryingto attract foreign capital.6.这个房间有股霉味，一定是好久没人住了。The room smells of stale air.It must have been vacant for a longtime.7.就业余爱好而言，珍妮和她妹妹几乎没有什么共同之处。As far as hobbies are concerned, Jane and her sister have little in common.8.不言而喻，青年人的教育对于一个国家的未来是至关重要的。It is self-evident that the education of the youngis vital to the future of a country.1.那小女孩跑的太快，身体一下失去平衡，跌倒了。The little girl ran so fast that she was thrown off balance and fell over/down.2.他致力于研究工作的精神给我留下

第四篇：大学精品英语翻译

1.I think we should encourage high school students to find temporary jobs in summer vacation.我认为我们应该鼓励中学生在暑假找临时工作。2.The attorney/lawyer tried to convince the jury of his client’ s innocence 律师试图说服陪审团他的当事人是无辜的。3.No one who does not intend to work hard stands a chance of success.不打算努力工作的人就没有可能取得成功。4.Watch how he operates the machine and then do likewise.瞧他是如何操作台机器的，如何照着做。5.Some of the old fantasies about the space age have come true.过去有关太空时代的某些幻想已经成为现实。6.Given the chance, John might have become an outstanding painter.如 果 有 机 会 ,约 翰 也 许 已 成 为 一 位 杰 出 的 画 家。7.As far as ability is concerned , I am sure he will qualify for the job.就能力而言，我肯定他能胜任这份工作 8.We came to the meeting full of expectations, yet we left very disappointed.我满怀期望地来参加会议，离开时却又大失所望。9.We didn’ t like his attitude that he deserved special treatment.我们不赞成他认为自己应该得到特殊待遇的态度。10.Even if you are one of the best students in class, in order to maintain your grades you must review your lessons often.即使你是班上最好的学生之一，保住成绩也得常常温习要 功课。11.Some of the old fantasie s about the space age have come true.过去有关太空时代的某些幻想已经成为现实。12.it is true that some people achieve success very early in life, while others must work along time before attaining their goals.情 况 确 实 如 此，有 些 人 一 生 很 早 就 获 得 成 功，而 另 一 些 人 则要工作很长时间才能实现。13.He maintained that the failure of the experiment was largely due to inadequate preparation.他坚持认为这次试验的失败主要由于准备不足 14.My sister felt miserable for weeks after she had her pet dog stolen.我妹妹的爱犬被偷走后，她心里难受了好几个星期。15.As far as I know, they have been emotionally detached from each other for some time.就我所知，他们互相感情上疏远已有一些时间了。16.In general, prices may be brought down by increasing supply or decreasing demand.一般来说，通过增加供给或减少需求可以降低物价。17.There are a lot of papers to sign, but the only urgent one is this contract.许多文件要签，但紧急的只有这份合同。18.In those days I would read everything I could get my hands on as long as it was written in English.在那些日子里，能弄到什么就看什么，要是英文写的。我 只 19.In fact, there are different accounts of the shipwreck in the newspapers.事实上，对于这次海滩报纸上说的不一样。20.Kong Fansen embodies a ll the fine qualities of a communist.孔繁森体现了一位共产

第五篇：大学英语翻译

六单元

1)Before I went off to university, my grandfather gave me a few words of wisdom which impressed me deeply.在我上大学之前，祖父对我说的那几句充满智慧的话给我留下了深刻的印象

2)Never tell my parents about my injuries and I’ll be very grateful to you(for it).千万别把我的伤势告诉我的父母，我会很感激你的3)At the meeting some of our colleagues put forward sensible suggestions about improving our working environment.我们有几个同事在会上提出了改进工作环境了合理建议

4)The management has/have agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise in response to union pressure.迫于社会的压力，资方同意给工人增加10%的工资

5)It was very thoughtful of the hostess to give the house a thorough cleaning before we arrived.女主人考虑得很周到，在我们来之前把房子打扫得干干净净

八单元

1)Without his personal file, an applicant can hardly expect to get/ be employed as a teacher.没有个人档案，求职者很难指望当老师

2)With enough ice, we would be able to chill the drinks.有了足够的冰，我们就能冰这些饮料了

3)In my humble opinion, reading us the most pleasant way to spend one’s leisure.依我愚见，阅读是打发闲暇的最悦人的方式 4)Some people said it was simply a miracle that the American athlete Michael Phelps won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.有人说，美国运动员迈克尔菲尔普斯在2008年北京奥运会上赢得把块金牌简直是个奇迹

5)The washing machine has broken down, so we have to wash our clothes by hand.洗衣机坏了，我们只能用手洗衣服了

一单元

1)It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition.背离传统需要极大的勇气

2)Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold

enough to give a performance in front of a large audience.汤姆过去很腼腆，但这次却非常勇敢能再大庭广众面前上台表演 3)Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.很多教育家认为从小培养小孩子的创新精神是很可取的4)Assuming(that)this painting is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy/purchase it? 假设那幅画确实是名作，你觉得值得购买吗

5)If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating.如果这些数据统计上时站得住脚的，那它将会帮助我们认识正在调查的问题

二单元

1)The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.该公司否认其捐款有商业目的2)Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.每当他生气的时候，他说话就有一点结巴

3)Education is the most cherished tradition in our family.That's why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.教育是我们家庭最看重的传统，这就是为什们我父母从不带我们到昂贵的饭店吃饭，却送我到最好的私立学校上学

4)Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.手术康复后不久，他失业了，因此经历了人生的有一个困难阶段 5)contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried hard to meet our minimal needs.与我们富裕的邻居相比，我们的父母就相当穷了，但是他们总是努力满足我们最起码的需求

四单元

1)Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.研究表明，笑能够带来许多健康上的好处

2)A slow Internet connection speed is really annoying.互联网连接速度慢的让人心烦

3)As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.法律规定，帮助他人自杀是犯罪

4)In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely different angle.玛丽在她的报告中试图从一个完全不同的角度来解释这些数据 5)Sue is a girl of great talent.Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates.苏是一个很有天分的女孩。她那惊人的记忆力使她在同班同学中显得格外突出