第一篇:英语基础差的博士考生,怎样复习医学考博英语
英语基础差,怎样复习医学考博英语
去年曾参加医学博士英语统考,成绩还不到66,不过发现了考博英语的一些特点,和大家分享一下。我在复习之前早把英语扔的一塌糊涂,很多极简单的单词都不知道是什么意思,复习了3个月,就凑合着临阵磨个枪吧,本来不应该在这个牛人遍地的地方发言,不过想想可能也有像我这么差的吧?工作多年英语都扔了,工作太忙也没太多时间复习,就当给这一小撮人看的,大家包涵一二,英语基础好的请直接摁右上角的叉。
首先,大家复习之前得明确,了解往年考博题型:考博英语主要由四部分组成,但最主要的是听力、阅读和写作。然后研究下考博英语真题,在针对专项来进行复习。
1、词汇部分占的比例很少,我的经验是千万别专门死记硬背单词,又费时又没用,每次做完往届的题把不会的词记牢就行,其实考博英语词汇经常重复,多看看往年真题,因为时间少我没做过除真题之外的题,觉得做真题就很有用。另外,词汇还需要拓展,下面我在阅读中会提到。可以用华慧书城的考博英语医学考博英语词汇专项训练。
2、阅读,除了真题之外我还做过点别的题,觉得完全没用,做真题就行,但光做真题也不行,拓展是非常必要的。这里向大家推荐一套资料《华慧医学考博英语阅读专项训练》。做阅读理解过程中遇到单词就记下来,你会发现非常有用,对词汇和听力也有很大帮助。
3、听力,大家都知道听力最快的提高法,就是多听,最好的提高法,就是默写。我没买专门的听力材料,就是听了真题的听力,做完题反复听,不过到考试只做了一部分题,时间比较紧张了,反正我那时候只要能听,耳朵上都挂着MP3,对考试题我觉得不太难,不过一定要细心,再细心,有些题很简单,可千万别因为马虎丢分;另外华慧听力一本通是针对这个考试的,大家还是买来听听吧,可能有用。
4、作文,这是我最后悔的部分,其实我早就知道,作文就是送分的,只要复习充分都能考高分,可是我这个人就是喜欢弄想弄的部分,这个作文我是拖到最后才复习的,结果可想而知。如果大家复习一定要趁早,开始多抄写一些范文,最重要的一点,字迹一定要清晰清晰再清晰,对于字迹不好者,从现在开始马上练字,尤其是那些还有专业课要考的人,千万要练字啊,字可以写的很差,但一定要工整清晰,否则让阅卷老师看你这一大篇涂鸦,你不是找不自在呢吗?作文时发一张草稿纸,大家先写完再抄上去,千万别涂改。其他的写作技巧我没法说什么了,毕竟我就复习了一周。反正作文就是个框子,往里套就行,平常读文献时如果看到好的abstract,可以打出来,那些发在cell,nature genetics上的文章abstract往往写的又好又简练,想想人家做这么一大堆东西这么几句话就倒给你了。不看也没关系,反正就是个框子,最重要的就是整洁,切记切记。
整体复习过程中,一定要以考博英语真题为中心,然后进行扩展。别管有没有时间,华慧考博网专门针对医学考博英语的真题班是一定要听的。老师分析的很不错,听完之后,你就会知道自己复习的方向,需要往哪方面努力,并提高学习效率。
第二篇:考博英语怎么复习
考博英语具体怎么复习啊
考博英语的复习,首先,选择一个合适的辅导班比什么都来得重要。然后,建议一定要舍得花时间打基础。前几个月不要做题,重点就放在词汇与阅读上。其次,建议学习一定要保证可持续。英语关键是阅读理解。真题部分是非常重要的。您可以去52考博上看下相关的资讯。
考博竞争日益激烈,英语成绩的高低往往具有“决定”意思,因为专业课很难拉开分数。那么考博英语到底如何复习准备呢?
1.题型
由于考博英语试题由各招生企业自己独立命题,所以不一样院校的考博英语试题题型风格不尽相同。就题型而言,一般都含有词汇结构、完形填空、阅读理解、汉英互译、作文题。不少院校初试不再考听力,而在复试通过口语形式考查。但有些院校仍在初试考查听力,甚至很重视听力分数。有些学校还有改错题,应用文,甚至其他题型。少数院校不考作文,但翻译比较长。不少院校主观题的分数所占比重都较高,占1/3甚至1/2比重。
2.难度
考博英语重视考查翻译、写作等与攻读博士学位相关的应用能力,所以其难度不能简单与其他考试比较。但一般来说,考博英语试题的难度约非常于大学英语六级,但少数院校比六级难,有些院校甚至只非常于四级水平,甚至同一院校不一样年份的难易程度也迥异。这是由于考博英语试题的命制没有其他英语水平考试、选拔考试规范,往往因出题人不一样而有区别。所以,报考相应院校的学员一定要看一看该院校近年的考博英语真题。
3.词汇
保守估计,考博英语需要掌握7000~8000单词,900常用动词短语。当然,一般掌握了六级及硕士研究生入学考试的词汇,通过考博英语也没有多大问题,只是词汇题可能失去少数分数。长期注意和研究考博英语试题,反对有些所谓考博英语词汇书所讲的考博需要掌握1万甚至1万以上词汇的观点。事实上,背诵那么多词汇是没有多大意思的,考博英语考查的重点不是学员掌握了多少词汇,而如上文所述,是阅读、翻译、写作能力。所以,词汇够用即可,建议复习自己当年很熟悉的考研词汇、六级词汇,然后略加拓展,如可看看公共英语等级考试五级词汇、新托福词汇、部分GRE词汇。有些院校公布了词汇表或参考词汇表,但现实出题人并不怎么按大纲出题。英语说到底还是个水平问题。
4.语法
大部分院校考博英语试题都不直接考查语法,但语法有必要全面复习一下。这也不怎么花费时间。5.阅读
可以做一做对应院校的考题,也可做一做考研阅读真题、大学英语六级真题,有些院校考博英语试题选自考研真题原题、六级真题原题。
6.翻译
英译汉相对来说比较好做,但不好得分。相反,汉译英虽然看起来难,但往往容易得分。所以应该多准备。
7.作文
一般都是命题作文,即给定题目写一篇200~250词的议论文。作文应当认真准备。这是容易得分也容易失分的项目
考博题目由于各院校自主命题,所以对英语水平的要求不大一致。最基本应当具备六级词汇及六级英语考试水平,在高这需要具备考研英语水平,最高者可达GRE英语考试水平。所以,根据不同院校的英语真题情况,首先拿下词汇是考博英语成功的最基本前提。另外,可以的话,拿近年真题进行系度分析与研究。具体而言,阅读中除了做对题以外,还进行文章的详细分析与中文翻译,会很大程度上提高考博英语成功的机率。睿普教育-专注考博英语,祝你好运
一,你要知道你想考那所学校,每个学校的难度不一样,比较难的院校词汇量会超过一万,简单的院校词汇量甚至只有四千。
二,要了解你想要报考院校的题型,这样才能针对性的准备。
三,真题是核心,历年真题都是考试的一个导向。四,如果有毅力,觉得自己自学能力和自制力较强,就自学。
五,如果觉得自己学的迷惘没起色,英语很大的心病可以借助辅导班。六,别看广告,包括我的广告,相中哪个机构就去试听一下,报名老师辅导最好,最适合你的班级,毕竟有很多不懂考博浑水摸鱼的机构。荐睿普教育,睿普考博英语,睿普考博网.他们是专门做考博英语的辅导机构,很多近十年没碰过英语的人在那里学习都能过线,可见师资力量多强。
看你报考什么专业的了,考博英语由全国统考的,也有学校自主命题的,词汇量有的学校要求比较多一些,从真题考查可以看出,但一般和六级差不多,可能多一些专业词汇。
考试一般真题都是重点,找一下你报考院校的真题,看看难度,之后多背单词,多做题,增加阅读答题速度。推荐给你星火英语的全国重点院校考博英语真题详解,这书收录的真题多,答案也很详细,还送了考博基础词汇i3600,希望能对你考博有帮助
如果能搞到历年考博英语的试题,那就买来做;如果不能的话,那就比照六级复习吧,考博英语不会比六级难的。
首先,你要先确定你考哪个高校或者科研院所。考什么专业吧!(意见如果你能力很强,英语很强,你可以考多个院校!最好只考一个,最多别超过两个当然牛人除外!)
其次,确定学校后,联系导师,找到那个学校的英语真题,没真题,就问问都考什么题型,各个题型难度是什么样?喜欢从哪些库里出题?(例如有些学校很爱从托福什么的里面抽题来考)你要了解清楚。
最后,知道难度是什么了?你就有的放矢了吧!单词量不够被单词,最好是看着真题背单词,把不会的挑出来,记忆!考博和考研的英语复习思路差不多。
我想说的是有些学校的考博英语比六级难!
第三篇:考博英语
1How compelling and thought-provoking the above image is(images are)!
多么引人注目的、容易让人产生联想的画面呀!
2What is apparently betrayed in the cartoon(s)is that …,in contrast, …
这个漫画明显表现出来的是、、、、,相反的,、、、、、3What on earth can we derive from the interesting and instructive drawing?
从这幅有趣的、有教育性意义的图画上我们究竟可以得到什么信息呢?
4It goes without saying that(there is no denying the fact that)what the painter actually aims to convey in the picture is(pictures are)profound.毫无疑问,事实上作者在这幅画中传达的目标意义深刻。
5Primarily, we can learn that such cases are far from being rare and upsetting parallels can be readily found anywhere from our neighborhood and around the world.6What’s more, there has been a growing concern nowadays over the worsening phenomenon.7It is hard to imagine what our society would be like if such pervasive trend go unchallenged.首先,我们可以发现这样的事情很常见,在我们附近,在世界范围内很容易的就能看到类似的令人不愉快的事情。其次,现在已经对这类恶化的现象给予了越来越多的关注。很难想象如果类似的影响恶劣的趋势没有得到制止我们的社会将变成什么样子。
8Additionally, to reverse the grim situation, effective and efficient measures should be entailed by all parties concerned.9The authorities, the mass media and every one are on the list.10Enhancing people’s awareness of such practices and setting up relevant rules and regulations ought to be top priority of the agenda.另外,为了扭转严峻的情况,相关政党应该采取有效的方法,职权部门、大众传媒和每一个人都包括在内。提高大家对这些措施的关注程度、制定相关规章制度应该是位于日程之首。11Considering what’s presented above, we may safely come to the conclusion that it is high time that such stories were ended or at least reduced.12I am strongly convinced that only when such things vanish or disappear, can we maintain a happy, healthy and harmonious society as we all wish.考虑到以上提到的事情,我们可以顺利的得出结论:是该结束或者减少这类事情的时候了。我坚信只有这类事情消失的时候,我们才能够维持一个我们希望所的快乐、健康、和谐的社会。
若是好的话题:
1.第5句去掉upsetting
2.第6句去掉worsening
3.第7句移到最后一段的最后一句,且改./;成It’s hard …if we fail to grasp such cases and can
not put them into practice.4.把第8句换句举例:To make the point even clearer, let’s come to example regarding an
acquaintance of mine.(为了更明显的表达这个观点,我将举一个关于我一个熟人的例子)
5.第3段 …that it is high time all parties concerned took effective and efficient measures to
practice.The authorities, the mass media, as well as each individual are involved.And I’m strongly convinced that we’ll ensure such practices, thus maintaining a happy, healthy, harmonious society as we all wish.(1)不同观点列举型(选择型)
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that _ 观点一________.In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____.So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______.In their point of view, on the one hand,___原因一____.On the other hand, __原因二___.Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______.It is not only because ________, but also because _________.The more _______, the more
(2)利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)___作文题目______.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly, ___优点一______.And secondly ___优点二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”, __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.To begin with, ___缺点一______.In addition, ____缺点二______.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.(3)答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)__作文题目_______.It is really an important concern to every one of us.As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem.First of all, __途径一______.In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.Above all, to solve the problem of _作文题目, we should find a number of various ways.But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, _方法
(4)谚语警句性议论文
It is well know to us that the proverb: “ ___谚语_______” has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study.It means ____谚语的含义_______.The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows.(also theoretically)
A case in point is ___例子一______.Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____.The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.(5)图表作文的框架
As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease
(goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____.From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______.On the one hand, ________.On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________.In addition, ________ is responsible for _______.Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.1.开头万能公式一:名人名言
原理:名人名言尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理
经典句型:A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”(适用于已记住的名言)It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.(适用于自编名言)
更多经典句型:As everyone knows, No one can deny that…
2.开头万能公式二:数字统计
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。还是靠编
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college
students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面几个题目我们都可以这样编造:Honesty根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。Travel by Bike根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。
Youth根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某大学,学生课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。
更多句型:A recent statistics shows that …
结尾万能公式:
1.结尾万能公式一:如此结论
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者眼光太浅罢了!更多过渡短语:to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
更多句型:Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…
2.结尾万能公式二:如此建议
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽!
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢?更多句型:Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.
第四篇:医学英语考博作文词汇归纳
★医学英语考博作文词汇归纳★
(一)医疗、医院、医生、医生
① doctor medical worker
② physician 内科医生
③ surgeon 外科医生
④ doctor in charge 主治医生
⑤ intern 实习医生
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生、医院
① hospital The specialized hospital 专科医院
The general hospital 普通医院
The community hospital 社区医院
The public hospital 公立医院
The private hospital 私立医院
② clinc 门诊
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊
③ ward 病房
④ medical team 医疗队医疗手段
① drug therapy 药物治疗
② medical treatment 医疗
③ medical instruments 医疗器械
④ diagnose(v)诊断(n)diagnosis
⑤ prevent(v)预防
⑥ sterilize(v)消毒 |
⑦ administrate a drug 给药
⑧ prevent and treat disease(v)预防和治疗疾病
⑨ TCM 中医
⑩ chemotherapy 化疗
(11)medical service 医疗服务
(12)complain of(v)主述
(13)health checkup 健康普查
(14)diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗
(15)consult the doctor(v)咨询;4、医疗体制
(1)healthcare system 医疗体制
(2)medical disputes 医疗纠纷
(3)medical accident 医疗事故
(4)the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系
(5)medical insurance system 医疗保险体系
(6)medical aid fund 医疗救助基金、医德
(1)medical ethics 医德
(2)patient-oriented 以病人为核心
(3)humanistic 人道主义的(4)compassionate 富于同情性的(5)considerate 体贴周到的(6)resolute 果断的
(7)service quality 服务质量
(8)to give top priority to the lives and health of people 6、病人
(1)patient(2)the sick(3)the invalid(4)sufferer
医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类
(二)必知疾病名称、患病的表达方式
⑪ suffer from(v)(2)contract(v)
(3)people with some disease 患病人群
(4)the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人、必知疾病名称
heart disease 心脏病
hypertension 高血压
kidney problem 肾病
stroke 休克
the blood pressure 血压
diabetes 糖尿病
obesity 肥胖
terminal illness 绝症
incurable illness 不治之症
cancer 癌症
tumor 肿瘤
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期
emergency case 急症
servious illness 重症
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病
short breath 短气
syndrome 综合症
complications 并发症
process 病程
bone loss 骨质疏松
short-sighted(adj)近视、其他相关词汇
outbreak and spending break out(v)疾病的爆发
spread(v)疾病的扩散
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率
taboo 禁忌
speed up blood circulation(v)improve the cardiac functions(v)side effects 副反应
complain of 主述、传染病专题
(1)感染源
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介(2)传染疾病
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫
influenza(简)flu 流感
infection contagion 传染病
infectious diseases 传染病
AIDS 艾滋病
SARS(3)传染
epidemic(a)流行的,传染的block the chanel(v)disseminate 传播
cross infection 交叉感染、疾病名称
illness sickness disease ailment suffering 6、疾病的转归(1)疾病的恢复
recover recovery recuperate resume recruit reinstate(2)疾病的恶化
deteriorate aggravate exasperate make worse worsen
医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类
(三)药物、药物名称
medicine drug remedy medicinal herbs power tablet pill 2、相关词汇
drug therapy 药物治疗
side effects 副反应
drug abuse 药物滥用
drugstore 药房
over the counter 非处方药
drug allergy 药物过敏
drug poisoning 药物中毒 prescription 处方
expenses for medicine 药费
charges for medicine drug rebate 药品回扣、药物用法
开药 : prescribe some medicine for some diseases write out a proscription
服药
take a medicine
治„的疾病
a remedy for some diseases
医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(四)
心理疾病
1、心理学专业词汇
subhealth 亚健康
psychological benefits 心理健康
psychological problem 心理问题
psychological consultation 心理咨询
psychological obstacles 心理障碍
mental obstacles 心理障碍
psychological massage 心理按摩
psychology 心理学/ 心理
psychotherapy 心理治疗
psychological expert 心理专家、相关词汇
questionnaire 3、情绪词汇
overcome disappoint disappointed shy , flush frustration failure willpower optimism optimistical be sensitive to nervous tensional sad agony pessimism pessimistic confident confidence stress pressure depress depressed depression depressive 4、疲劳相关词汇
fatigue tire(v)weariness(n)tired(a)exhausted(a)fatigued(a)weary
医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(五)
肥胖与营养
1、营养物质
nutrient 营养素
protein 蛋白质
fat 脂肪
glucose 葡萄糖
vitamin 维生素
sugar 糖类
heat calories quantity of heat 热量
carbohydrate 碳水化合物
soft drink beverage 软饮料 cholesterol胆固醇、营养与饮食
a well-balanced diet nutrition 营养
nutritional 营养的nutritious 有营养的nutritionist 营养学家
malnutrition 营养失调
metabolism 物质代谢
fat free food the prepared food 熟食
grain 谷物
food shortages 食品短缺
lack of food breakfast lunch supper 一日三餐
imbalance(n)unbalance(a)失衡、营养失衡相关疾病
stroke;obesity hypertension diabetes!4、治疗措施
diet drug 减肥药
lose weight 减肥
医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(六)
生活习惯、健康及运动、生活习惯
life-style 生活习惯
a disorder of body and mind a physical and mental disorder crazy tempo of life 快节奏的生活
high tempo of life be accustomed to sth the exercise habit 2、运动与休息
ample sleep 充足的睡眠
relax oneself take sports physical exercises sport activities do sports sports ground(简)gym 体育场馆
entertainment be more/less physically fit sustain the exercise habit constitution 体质
hormone 激素
subhealth亚健康
cooperative medical caresystem合作医疗体系
resist mutation防癌
immunomodulator免疫调节剂
enthusiasm热情
医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(七)医学研究领域相关词汇
1.下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall;上升、增加rise;go up;ascend;increase;2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety;3.公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies;应急反应 immediate response to;4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to)people’s livelihood/well-being;5.城乡卫生体系
urban-rural medical and health system 6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care,服务体系service system; 7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene;个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 8.lite清淡的;protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食; 9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施 10.人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病,11.虫媒insect pollination;虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease:
12.肾病综合征:nephrotic/renal syndrome; 13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热;
14.爆发流行:break out, explode;an epidemic outbreak of,explosion 15.传染:infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;
communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的[医] 有传染性的;
communicative a.健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的
16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission 17.传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation 18.污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate 19.福祉 well-being, happiness;
20.衰老grow old;aging;consenescence;senility;senile 21.from bad to worse每况愈下;akin to=similar to 相似的;Purulent脓的,化脓的 22.脂肪肝fatty liver;血压 hypertension 23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon;亚健康 sub-health 24.过劳死 karoshi;death from overwork 25.长期以来 for a long time;over the years 26.养生preserve one's health;nourishing of life;keep in good health 27.分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds.28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations;
基本原则fundamental principle/ rule,basic rule or principle;29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。
30.民众the(general)public,the masses of the people,the common people;合作者co-worker;collaborator;copartner;coagent;31.死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from
The death toll is expected to rise.The death toll continues to rise.There have been more deaths from drowning.How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少? 32.归结为 boil down to;come down to;
归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute„ to、owe„to;
归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blame„on、ascribe or attribute„ to、impute„ to。
33.大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive;大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak 34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly;因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations;
孤立现象an isolated phenomenon;
复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate;
极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances;
养老保险 endowment insurance;
退休养老金retirement pension; Health Care Reform医疗改革
36.激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity;
37.月经期menstrual period 38.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life;a life of quick /fast pace 39.婴幼儿保健the infant health care 40.安乐死euthanasia;
41.得绝症的terminally ill;
42.临终关怀=Hospice Care=end-of-life care
濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient 43.Secondhand Smoking,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”.
第五篇:英语考差检讨
错了就要认,并且要及时改正,保证下次不再犯,这就是检讨书的基本要求。下面是小编带来的是英语考差检讨,希望对您有帮助。
英语考差检讨
1尊敬的老师:
关于此次英语考试不及格的问题,我在此递交英语考试不及格的检讨书,由此来深刻反省我的错误,向您做出如实保证,并且提出诚恳改正措施,最大程度地弥补错误。
回顾错误经过,我在上一阶段英语学习过程当中出现了严重的厌学问题,一度英语课几乎没有认真地听,导致多门课程的知识点没有掌握。最终导致了此次单元英语考试不及格,得到了全班最低分。
面对错误,我感到羞愧万分,此次错误充分地暴露出我思想上存在着放松、懈怠自己的诸多问题。林林总总的问题,归根结底还是我不够成熟,没有充分意识到学习英语的重要性。
特此,我向您保证:
1,我今后一定提高自己对于英语这门学科的充分认识,努力提高自身学习素质,做到不偏学不偏科,不懈怠学习。
2,我一定努力进去,认真学习英语,提高英语成绩,争取在下阶段英语考试当中取得好成绩。
3,我必须充分地以此次错误为戒,反省自己,重新定位自身,争取早日成为一名德智体美劳全面发展的好学生。
总结,我愿意接受大家的监督!
致辞
英语考差检讨
2尊敬的英语老师:
对不起,这次的英语考试我没有考好,成绩只有63分,刚刚在及格的悬崖边上,还是全班倒数第三名。为此我感到十分的痛苦与煎熬,因为我并不是不想学好,而是实在感到力不从心,无力挣脱困惑的牢笼,取得知识的硕果。
回顾我进入初中以来学习英语的这段过程,自身的学习态度与用功程度是不够的。上课存在开小差、思想不集中的问题,这些学习态度的问题,我想这些问题肯定是直接或是间接得影响了我的英语学习。经过您的批评教育,让我着实提高了思想警觉。不过通过深刻反省,我还是注意到了自身英语学习成绩不好的主要原因还是在于我没有足够的学习兴趣。学习兴趣这个问题也是您反复强调的,也是最难以克服的。尽管如此,我依然坚信我的英语成绩不佳,主要原因还是在于我的学习态度有问题,学习还不够刻苦,用功程度是不足够的。
现如今英语成绩如此不好,我也陷入深深的自责当中。如果是学习兴趣并不是一朝一夕能够养成的,可是我也必须尽己所能得端正好学习态度。就说平时在英语学习当中,我单词、语法也背的不够,导致在考试当中不能够灵活运用,导致分数不能上去。倘若我能够及时醒悟过来,逐渐得懂得扎实基础知识的重要性,也就能够提高学习成绩了。
亲爱的英语老师,请您相信我。通过这次检讨,我已经有了觉醒与感悟。在今后的英语学习当中,我会更加懂得如何学好英语,我也会尽可能得多抽出时间来培养英语学习兴趣,通过与学习好的同学搞好关系,向她们求教英语学习的窍门,争取在今后的一段时间里切实得提高自身的英语水平。总之,我一定会学好英语的。
检讨人:xxx
xxxx年xx月xx日