英语学习0(系动词)

第一篇：英语学习0(系动词)

系动词亦称联系动词（Link Verb），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。说明：有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如： He fell ill yesterday.他昨天病了。（fell是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况。）He fell off the ladder.他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词，单独作谓语。

1）状态系动词,用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：He is a teacher.他是一名教师。（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。）

2）持续系动词,用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:He always kept silent at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默。This matter rests a mystery.此事仍是一个谜。

3）表像系动词,用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：He looks tired.他看起来很累。

He seems(to be)very sad.他看起来很伤心。

4）感官系动词,感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布手感很软。

This flower smells very sweet.这朵花闻起来很香。5）变化系动词

这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.例如：He became mad after that.自那之后，他疯了。

She grew rich within a short time.她没多长时间就了。6）终止系动词

表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, trun out, 表达“证实”，“变成”之意，例如：

The rumor proved false.这谣言证实有假。

The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。

His plan turned out a success.他的计划终于成功了。（turn out表终止性结果）5.2 什么是助动词

1）协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（Auxiliary Verb）。被协助的动词称作主要动词（Main Verb）。

助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用，例如： He doesn't like English.他不喜欢英语。（doesn't是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义)2）助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：

a.表示时态，例如： He is singing.他在唱歌。He has got married.他已结婚。

b.表示语态，例如： He was sent to England.他被派往英国。

c.构成疑问句，例如： Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗？

Did you study English before you came here?

你来这儿之前学过英语吗？

d.与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如： I don't like him.我不喜欢他。

e.加强语气，例如： Do come to the party tomorrow evening.明天晚上一定来参加晚会。

He did know that.他的确知道那件事。

3）最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 1）be +现在分词，构成进行时态，例如： They are having a meeting.他们正在开会。

English is becoming more and more important.英语现在越来越重要。2)be + 过去分词，构成被动语态，例如：

The window was broken by Tom..窗户是汤姆打碎的。English is taught throughout the world.世界各地都教英语。3）be + 动词不定式，可表示下列内容：

a.表示最近、未来的计划或安排，例如：

He is to go to New York next week..他下周要去纽约。

We are to teach the freshpersons.我们要教新生。

说明： 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。

b.表示命令，例如：

You are to explain this.对此你要做出解释。

He is to come to the office this afternoon.要他今天下午来办公室。

c.征求意见，例如：

How am I to answer him? 我该怎样答复他？ Who is to go there? 谁该去那儿呢？

d.表示相约、商定，例如：

We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.门口集合。

1）have +过去分词，构成完成时态，例如：

He has left for London.他已去了伦敦。

By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work.上月未为止，他们已经完成工作的一半。2）have + been +现在分词，构成完成进行时，例如：

I have been studying English for ten years.我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。

3）have+been +过去分词，构成完成式被动语态，例如：

English has been taught in China for many years.中国教英语已经多年 1）构成一般疑问句，例如：

Do you want to pass the CET? 你想通过大学英语测试吗？

Did you study German? 你们学过德语吗？ 2）do + not 构成否定句，例如：

我们明天早晨7点在校

I do not want to be criticized.我不想挨批评。

He doesn't like to study.他不想学习。

In the past, many students did not know the importance of English.过去，好多学生不知道英语的重要性。

3)构成否定祈使句，例如：Don't go there.不要去那里。Don't be so absent-minded.不要这么心不在焉。

说明： 构成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。

4）放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气，例如：Do come to my birthday party.一定来参加我的生日宴会。

I did go there.我确实去那儿了。

I do miss you.我确实想你。

5）用于倒装句，例如：Never did I hear of such a thing.我从未听说过这样的事情。Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English.只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。

说明： 引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。6）用作代动词，例如：

----Do you like Beijing?--你喜欢北京吗？

----Yes, I do.--是的，喜欢。（do用作代动词，代替like Beijing.）

He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he? 他知道如何开车，对吧？

shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时，例如：

I shall study harder at English.我将更加努力地学习英语。

He will go to Shanghai.他要去上海。

说明：在过去的语法中，语法学家说shall用于第一人称，will 只用于第二、第三人称。现在，尤其是在口语中，will常用于第一人称，但shall只用于第一人称，如用于第二、第三人称，就失去助动词的意义，已变为情态动词，试比较: He shall come.他必须来。（shall有命令的意味。）

He will come.他要来。（will只与动词原形构成一般将来时。）

1）should无词义，只是shall的过去形式，与动词原形构成过去将来时，只用于第一人称，例如：

I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do next week.我昨天给他打电话，问他我下周干什么。比较：“What shall I do next week?” I asked.“我下周干什么？”我问道。（可以说，shall变成间接引语时，变成了should。）2）would也无词义，是will的过去形式，与动词原形构成过去将来时，用于第二、第三人称，例如：

He said he would come.他说他要来。比较：“I will go,” he said.他说：“我要去那儿。”

变成间接引语，就成了：

He said he would come.原来的will变成would，go变成了come.。

动词加小品构成的起动词作用的短语叫短语动词（Phrasal Verb）。例如：

Turn off the radio.把收音机关上。（turn off是短语动词）

短语动词的构成基本有下列几种： 1）动词+副词，如：black out； 2）动词+介词，如：look into；

3）动词+副词+介词，如：look forward to。构成短语动词的副词和介词都统称为小品词（Particle）。

在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。1）不定式

时态语态

主动

被动

一般式

to do

to be done

完成式

to have done

to have been done 2）动名词

时态语态

主动

被动

一般式

完成式

3）分词

时态语态

一般式

完成式

否定形式：doing

having done 主动

doing

having done not +不定式，being done having been done 被动

being done

having been done

not + 动名词，not + 现在分词

第二篇：英语动词

第十二讲 英语动词 [1]

[新E英语 沈章柱

2007-10-18]

一、动词的概念

顾名思义，动词就是表示动作的词。所谓动作，绝大多数是可以感知到的，比如汽车在开，人在看电视，太阳升起降落，等等。也有些动作不是直接能看到听到的，例如思考问题，制定方案，经济发展，等等。不管怎么说，这些动作都比较明显，直接或间接地被我们觉察出来。但是，英语动词还有一类是表示“状态”的。这些动词并没有直观的动作，它只是表示事物存在的一种状态。例如：我是一个学生。其中的“是”，在英语中就是动词；再例如：我们有一个篮球。其中的“有”也是动词；等等。这类表示状态的动词，对于初学者来说要多加留意，它们也必须按照动词的规律来使用。

二、动词的分类

1、根据动词的意义分类

(1)实义动词和非实义动词(助动词)动词属于“实词”的一种。所谓实词，就是有明确具体的含义，像名词的桌子、猫狗德行，形容词的红黄蓝绿等等，动词的哭笑、走路等等。而英语中其它的一些词类如冠词、介词等等，意义比较地空虚，所以叫做虚词。根据动词是不是有明确具体的意思，动词本身也分成所谓的实义动词和非实义动词。实义动词就是动作比较明显具体，像上面讲到的汽车在开，人在看电视，太阳升起，思考问题，制定方案，经济发展，等等。非实义动词通称为助动词，如can, may, will, shall 等等。注意：有少数动词既可以算作实义动词，也是助动词。也就是说，这些动词既可以作实义动词，在另外情况下它又是助动词，如：be, have, look, seem 等。请看例句： 例1：I have my supper at about 6:30 every day.我每在6:30 左右吃晚饭。（这儿，have 是实义动词。）例2：The students have planted many trees.学生们种了许多树。（这儿，have planted 中的have 是完成时态的助动词。）

(2)短时动词和持续动词

短时动词也称瞬时动词，是说这些动作在很短时间内就完成了，它不太可能持续很长的时间，例如：leave(离开)borrow(借), buy(买)，等等。相反，持续动词表示的是，这些动作是一种持续性的动作，它可以连续不断地发生，例如：write(写), walk(走路), sleep(睡觉)等等。

一个动作是短时动词还是持续动词，也就是动作持续时间的长或短，在英语中对于正确使用动词的时态非常有用。而有些动词，短时与长时所用的动词是不一样的。这一点在中文里是没有的，也是初学者经常遇到的问题之一。请看例句： 例1：当 Tom 到达的时候，他得知 Mary 已经离开将近三个小时了。

[错] When Tom arrived he learned Mary had left for almost three hours.因为过去完成时 had left 和 for 连用，有不停地离开的意思，英语中算作错误。

[对] When Tom arrived he learned Mary had been away for almost three hours.要表示持续的状态，可以改用系表结构 had been away。例2：她那天穿着一件新裙子。

[错] She put on a new dress that day.put on 表示“穿上”的短时动作。显然，她不可能一天总是在那儿穿来穿去。

[对] She wore a new dress that day.wear 表示“穿着”的状态，是持续动词。

例3：他丢了包有三天了。

[错] He has lost his bag for three days.丢东西是很短时间发生的事，不可能连续三天才把包丢掉。for 表示持续的一段时间。

[对] He lost his bag three days ago./ It is three days since he lost his bag.1、及物动词

及物动词的意思是，谓语动词后必须接一个宾语，表明谓语动词所影响到的对像或者目标。这样，句子的意思才比较完整。例如上例中，discuss 后接了一个 the usage of verb，指出了我们讨论的对象(或目标)，整句话连起来就是：weusage(我们讨论用法)，基本上表达出了句子的主要意思。再例如：The boy see a picture on the wall.如果只说 see，听者可能就会问 see 了什么？这里候必须接一个具体的内容 a picture，这样意思就比较完整了。

及物动词在英语里用缩写 v.t.表示。

2、不及物动词

不及物动词，意思就是它不需要后面接宾语，句子意思本身就清楚了。

例如：A car is running along the bridge.run 是谓语，说汽车在开。我们听到了 carFreanch)我能看懂法文，但不会说。

We read about the storm in the paper today.(read 用作不及物：read-about)从今天的报纸上我们得知今天有风暴

(2)有的词只用作不及物动词，如果要接宾语，必须后接介词。这些加了介词的不及物动词，很多有固定的意思，因而也被称作“动词短语”。例如：

He turned on the torch to look for his keys.他打开了手电筒，寻找钥匙。(turn on 与 look for)The children always lag（缓缓而行）behind when we go for a walk.(go for)我们出去散步时，孩子们总是落在后面。

2、实义动词(及物、不及物)与助动词

及物与不及物动词都是实义动词，有着明确具体的含义。相对来说，助动词的意义就比较虚了。助动词的用法在讲时态的时候还会专门讲述。这里要说的是，英语有些动词既可以做实义动词，也可以用作助动词。这一点请初学者要搞清楚。例如：

I am a student of Class Two.[ 这里am 是实义动词] 我是一个二班的学生。

I am playing basketball.[这里am 是助动词] 我在打篮球。

We have a clean and tidy classroom.[ have 是实义动词] 我们有一间干净整齐的教室。

We have learned 1000 words this term.[ have 是助动词] 这学期我们学了1000个单词。

3、谓语动词的变化

英语中，谓语动词的变化非常复杂。这是由英语表达的特点决定的。简单地说，英语在表示一个动作的时态，特别注意两个问题：一是动作发生的时间，是过去、现在还是将来等等；二是动作持续的状态，是做完了、正在进行、一直持续等等。同一个动作，在不同的时间、不同的状态的时候，要用动词的不同形式来表达，这就是所谓动词的过去式、一般现在时、正在进行时等等的原因。关于这方面的问题，这里只提示一下，以后讲时态的时候将专门进行讲解。例如：

He does his exercise every day.[ does 表示一般现在时，does 是单数第三人称。] 他每天都做锻炼。He is doing his exercise now.[ is doing 表示现在进行时, doing 叫现在分词。] 他正在锻炼。

He has done his exercise and for two months.[ has done 现在完成时，done 叫过去分词。] 他锻炼有两个月了。

1、限定性动词和非限定性的动词

限定与非限定动词，是从主语与谓语的搭配关系来说的。限定动词是指动词变与不变受主语的人称(第一、第二、第三人称)和是单数还是复数的限制。它主要出现在一般现在时及少数的时态中。

例如，在一般现在时中，I, you, we 和复数名词形式时谓语动词不需要进行变化；如果是单数第三人称，动词则要进行变化。(这种情况也叫“主语、谓语的一致”。)请看例句： We go to school on weekdays.我们天天上学。(we 是复数，go 不需要变化。)He goes to school on weekdays.他天天上学。(he 是第三人称单数，go 需要变成 goes。)I shall play football on Saturday.我星期六将踢足球。(I 后要用 shall 表示将来。）The boys will play football on Saturday.男生们星期六将踢足球。(boys 是第三人称，要用 will 表示将来。)与此相反，有些动词则不受主语的人称和单数、复数的影响，此是就叫非限定动词。非限定动词主要出现在各类非谓语动词中，因为它们都是非谓语动词，所以一般不受主语的限制。

2、规则动词和不规则动词

上面说了，动词有各种变化形式。英语动词的变化，有些是有规则的，就叫规则动词；如果没有规律，就叫不规则动词。规则与不规则动词主要出现在动词的时态中。

例如，在一般现在时中，I, you, we 和复数名词形式时谓语动词不需要进行变化；如果是单数第三人称，动词的变化则有以下的规则：

一般情况下，直接在动词后加 s，此时就叫“规则动词”。例如：

He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。(like 变成了 likes)It looks like a cat.它看起来像只猫。(look变成了looks)其它如：help(帮助)-helps ；come(来)teaches ；wash(洗)goes;kiss（吻）-kisses ；fix（安装）-fixes 但是有少数动词，它们的变化是没有规律的，此时就称它们为“ 不规则动词”，例如：

have(有)am / is / are 等。

在动词的过去式、过去分词的变化中，同样存在着规则变化与不规则变化。

例如：过去式 规则变化：

work(原形)worked(过去分词)；play(原形)played(过去分词)不规则变化：

sing(原形)sang(过去式)sung(过去分词)；grow(原形)grew(过去式)grown(过去分词)

3、系动词、情态动词、感官动词等

系动词：它们一般是表示事物某种状态(或缓慢变化)的动词，如：be, keep, get, remain 等等。

情态动词：是表示“能、可以、必须”等的词，如：can, may, must 等。感官动词：专门表示人的感官动作的动词，如：feel, smell, sound, taste 等等

第三篇：系动词总结原版

系动词(Link Verb)用法总结

一.系表结构 :主语+ 系动词/be动词+表语（形容词/名词/动词-ed/-ing/介词短语担当）

①He is a man who are willing to lend his helping hand to others.②All of you are smart and hardworking.③My students are learning English in this summer, and their English will be improved step by step.④The news is exciting, so everyone here is excited about it.⑤Everybody is in this classroom learning English.⑥A dream seeker will get closer to his dream with more hard work.⑦Your advice sounds great.二．系动词注意事项

1.诸如get, sound, keep等系动词，既可以作系动词构成系表结构，又能作为实意动词。

He fell ill yesterday.He fell off the ladder.2.系动词Glass is felt smooth.Glass feels smooth.但表示状态变化类的系动词如become, grow, turn, fall, get, go等可以用于进行时态

It is getting colder and colder.三．系动词分类及用法

1.持续系动词 ： keep, remain, stay,①He always kept silent at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默。②Old as he is, he remains beautiful.③My father stayed calm when he faced the danger.2.感官系动词: feel, look, sound, taste, smell,①This flower smells very sweet②The price of the dress sounds reasonable.③This kind of cloth feels very soft.④He feels great when meeting his old friend.⑤The tea tastes wonderful.⑥The tea is tasted by the man.3变化系动词: become, grow,turn, fall, get, go, come, run()

① He is becoming interested in learning English.②The boy is growing taller and stronger.③.The food has gone bad after a whole night.Something goes wrong with the plan.④ His face turned red when he talked with the girl.⑤He has turned writer.（writer之前无冠词a.）.⑥My dream will come true one day ⑦.She met a man and got married to him later.⑧The price ran high.⑨She fell asleep quickly in the cold room, and fell ill last night, which made his mother worried.4.表像系动词 ：表示“好像，似乎 ”，主要有seem, appear,① He seems(to be)very sad.② It appeared(to be)a true story.5.证明是…: prove(to be),trun out(to be)

①His efforts proved worth..②His plan turned out a success.His hands feel coldly.He looked sadly at the boy.(“看着”，实义动词用法)

第四篇：初中系动词讲解

系动词

一、考点、热点回顾

系动词，亦称连系动词（Link Verb）。作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，亦称补语（形容词），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。分类: 状态系动词;持续系动词;表像系动词；感官系动词;变化系动词;终止系动词

（一）、状态系动词 be 用来表示主语性质或状态，只有be一词

E.g.①He is a teacher.②He is ill.(表示主语的状态)连系动词 be 后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语：

E.g.①My dream is to be a scientist.② All you have to do is to listen. My hobby is to play basketball.（二）、表像系动词

用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如： E.g.①He looks tired.② He seems(to be)very sad.③She appears 18.But in fact, she is already 28.（三）、持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, continue.例如：

E.g.①He always kept silent at meeting.This matter remains a mystery.It continued/ remained rainy for days.④The snow lay thick on the ground

⑤ There stands a house near the river.注意：(1)表示“仍然处于原来的状态”时，remain和stay可以互换，例如：

Three of them remained/ stayed single.Shops should remain/ stay open till later in the evening.The door stayed/ remained closed.教师寄语：No pains, no gains.(2)表示“需要设法才能保持某种状态”时，可用keep和stay.后常接的形容词有 calm, clean, awake, young, warm, fine等.例如： She knew she must keep/ stay calm. Although they have many difficulties, they keep happy.Paul managed to keep/ stay awake by drinking lots of strong black coffee.（四）、感官系动词

感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, look.例如： This kind of cloth feels very soft.This flower smells very sweet.The music sounds nice.④The fish tastes good/ delicious.（五）、变化系动词

这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.1.go和come 是一对相反的词.go+ adj.表示令人不愉快的事;

come+ adj.表示好的事情,还可以接前缀un-的过去分词作表语，表示变化的情况。

go blind/ mad/ hungry/ bad…

come true/ right/ clear/ dear/ unstuck/ untied…

His dream to be a pilot has come true.My shoelaces have come undone.She went blind at the age of 8.2.run后接 short, dry, low, deep等形容词,主语为流动性的或能消耗掉的东西。Their money was running short.The well has run dry.但表语为wild时,主语是人;run wild(放荡不羁）Don’t let the children run wild.3.grow常指逐渐的变化,表示身高、岁数的增长。My little brother has grown much taller in the past year.She grew thinner and thinner.教师寄语：No pains, no gains.4.turn表示“变得”,指变为与原先不同的情况,通常指颜色和天气等变化。The weather suddenly turned much hotter.Her face turned blue with fear.5.get “变成,变得…起来”,后可接形容词,分词,介词短语;接不定式时表示“由不…变得”.The days are getting longer and longer in summer.He got excited about it.My watch gets out of order.6.fall接asleep, silent, quiet等静态形容词和表示疾病的形容词，但不能接形容词的比较级。While I was doing my homework, my little sister fell asleep.She fell ill from cold.The naughty boy fell silent suddenly.fall apart(散开)fall flat(没效果)7.become “变成;变为”(好坏均可),语气正式,且不能用于将来时态,强调结果.表人的身体状况,情绪,天气和社会变化时可与get互换使用.He became a lawyer.I became/ got interested in math.He became/ got angry with me.I hope you will become/ get well.注意：1.become, turn, go, get, fall后面能接名词作表语,其他则不能.turn和go后面的名词不带冠词。

His dream has become/ got a reality.He has turned scientist.She has gone artist.He fell an victim to cancer.2.表变化的系动词用于进行时态时，表示逐渐的变化。The days are getting/ becoming longer and longer.She is growing to be more and more like her mother.（六）、终止系动词

表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达“证实”，“变成”之意，例如：

教师寄语：No pains, no gains.The rumor proved(to be)false.The search proved(to be)difficult.His plan turned out(to be)a success.二、典型例题

1.—What is Mr Wang like?

—____.A.He is a teacher

B.He is old and kind

C.He looks like a balloon

D.He likes English

2.What Mr White said sounds____.A.friendly B.wonderfully C.pleasantly D.nicely

3.The poor boy ____ blind at the age of three.A.turned B.goes C.became D.went

4.When he was a child he____.A.grew patience B.was alive C.ran wild D.came true

5.His voice____ as if he has a cold.A.sounds B.listens C.hears D.seems

6.This shirt___ as if it is made of cotton.A.is B.looks C.feels D.seems

7.He looks ___ he hadn’t had a good meal for a month

A.that B.as if C.when D.so far

8.It ____that he was late for the train.A.looks B.turns C.gets D.seems

9.These apples taste_____.A.to he good B.to be well C.well D.good

10.—Do you like the shirt?

—Yes, it ____ very soft.A.feels B.felt C.is feeling D.is felt

11.The moment Mr Zhang went to bed, he____ asleep 教师寄语：No pains, no gains.A.kept B.got C.fell D.fall

12.When I went home yesterday, it was ____ dark.A.going B.getting C.running D.coming

13.Their plan ____ to be a perfect one.A.proved B.was proved C.is proving D.proving

14.The flowers in the garden ____ sweet.A.sound B.taste C.become D.smell

15.She____ like her mother in character.A.looks B.seems C.is D.feels

16.It____ another fine day tomorrow.A.seems B.promises C.appears D.looks

17.He ____ much younger than he really is.A.appears B.grows C.becomes D.turns

18.You____ very pale.Do you feel sick?

A.looked B.look C.looking D.are looked

19.His wish to become a driver has ____true.A.turned B.realized C.come D.grown

20.Her father ____a writer.A.turned B.grew C.has turned D.has become

三、课后练习

（一）选择填空

1.My brother ____ a teacher.He ____ his pupils very much.A.is, like

B.is, likes

C.are, likes

2.A: How many days ____ there in a week?

B: There ____ seven.A.is, is

B.are, are

C.is, are

3.I ____ tired last night.A.became

B.felt

C.looked

4.Her face ____ pale（苍白）when she heard the bad news.教师寄语：No pains, no gains.D.am 5

D.are, like D.are, is

A.got

B.is

C.turned

D.was 5.You ____ pale.What's wrong with you?

A.turn

B.seem

C.look

D.become 6.The boy ____ ill today.A.are

B.is

C.be

D.am 7.Which ____ bigger, the sun or the moon?

A.are

B.is

C.be

D.×

8.Neither she nor I ____ a doctor.A.am not

B.am

C.are

D.is 9.I ____ a worker next year.A.am

B.will be

C.be

D.will 10.Her voice ____ like my mother's.A.sounds

B.sound

C.looks

D.look 11.It often rains and the crops ____ fast.A.get

B.turn

C.grow

D.become 12.A: How are you ____ now?

B: Much better, thank you.A.getting

B.feeling

C.making

D.turning 13.The teacher's smile made me ____ better.A.feel

B.to feel

C.feeling

D.felt 14.My English teacher ____.A.all look young

B.looks young

C.look young

D.all looks young 15.I ____ busy now, but I ____ free next week.A.am, am

B.am, will

C.am, will be D.being, will be 16.I ____ at this school for about two months.A.am

B.will be

C.have been

D.was 17.My brother ____ in the League for about five years.A.have been

B.has been

C.was

D.is 18.Come to my office if you ____ free tomorrow.教师寄语：No pains, no gains.A.are

B.will be

C.was

D.is 19.If water ____ heated, it will be ____ into vapour（蒸气）.A.was, turned

B.is, turned

C.is.get

D.was, got

20.If you don't take back what you just said, Mother ____ angry.A.is

B.will be

C.get

D.feels 21.Neither of us ____ a doctor.A.am

B.are

C.is

D.were 22.He ____ a famous writer.A.turns

B.become

C.has become

D.has turned 23.The girl's face ____ red.A.turned

B.got

C.feel

D.look 24.He ____ very glad.A.looked

B.turned

C.feel

D.looks 25.The flowers ____ fragrant（芳香）.A.get

B.smells

C.smell

D.feels 26.The table ____ very smooth.A.look

B.turn

C.feels

D.smell 27.Jack ____ younger than Tom.A.look

B.feel

C.feels

D.looks 28.She looks ____.A.happy

B.to be happy C.happily

D.that she is happy

（二）用smell，taste，go，get，become，grow，seem，look，feel，turn的适当形式填空：

1.You _ _ __ very young.2.At first those questions_ _ __easy, but later I found them difficult.3.After the sports meeting, he _ _ __very tired.4.My younger brother _ _ __a student last year.5.When we_ _ __ up, we're going to help build up our country.6.The flowers _ _ __very sweet.7.Her face _ _ __red.教师寄语：No pains, no gains.8.Jack _ _ __very happy.9.The mooncake _ _ __good.10.The meat_ _ __bad.（三）把下列各句译成英语

1.以她的年龄而言，她看起来很年轻。

2.天色渐黑，咱们回家吧。

3.他好象匆忙的样子。

4.为什么他感到悲伤？

5.我祖母的头发变白了。

6.约翰成了一名好学生。

7.1995年我哥哥成了一名解放军战士。

8.他来看我时，我在生病。

9.整天工作后，汤姆感觉又饿又累。

10.听到这个好消息时，她的脸色变红。

11.他的答案似乎正确。

12.别喝这牛奶，它已经变酸了。

13.别出声，请保持安静。

教师寄语：No pains, no gains.14.我们应该永远保持谦虚谨慎。

15.那听起来是个好主意。

16.我国正变得越来越强大。

17.足球是我最喜欢的运动。

18.像是个好天。

19.我们必须准备好去那儿。

20.这汤闻起来很香。

教师寄语：No pains, no gains.

第五篇：中学生英语学习常见错误-动词

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中学生英语学习常见错误--动词

1.［误］ She laid down and soon fell asleep.［正］ She lay down and soon fell asleep.［析］考试中常出现的是易混动词lay放，lie躺，lie说谎。它们的过去时、过去分词和现在分词变化如下：

lay(放)laid，laid，laying(及物动词)lie(躺)lay，lain，lying(不及物动词)lie(说谎)lied，lied，lying

2.［误］ Please rise your hand.［正］ Please raise your hand.［析］ rise 是不及物动词，其后不能接宾语，如：The sun rises in the east.而raise是及物动词。

3.［误］ I like to swim very much, but I don't like swimming this afternoon.［正］ I like swimming very much, but I don't like to swim this afternoon.［析］ like作为“喜欢”讲时，可以接动名词也可以接不定式，但接动名词时多表达一种习惯性动作。而接不定式则侧重于表达一次性、特殊性的动作。

但要注意的是like 与would连用时则一定要接不定式，如：Would you like to go with me?再有一点要注意的是，like作为介词“像”讲时，只能用分词作其宾语。

4.［误］ Stop!Did you listen to a strange voice?

［正］ Stop!Did you hear a strange voice? ［析］ hear的侧重点是听到、听见什么，而listen to 的侧重点为听的倾向，如：listen!Do you hear someone calling help?这样的词还有look与see。

它们的侧重点也不同，look重于“看”的倾向，而see重于看见没看见。

5.［误］ Did you watch some film recently?

［正］ Did you see some film recently? ［析］ 英语中see 与 watch 各有不同的用处，see用于看电影、剧目，而watch用作看电视和看球赛。

6.［误］ Look.A beautiful lamp hanged from the ceiling.［正］ Look.A beautiful lamp hung from the ceiling.［析］ hang有两个含义，① “挂”，它的过去时与过去分词是hung，hung;② “绞刑”，这时它是规则动词，其过去式与过去分词则为hanged，hanged。

7.［误］ How long can I borrow this book?

［正］ How long can I keep this book? ［析］ “借”在英文中有三个词，① 借入，即borrow,如：May I borrow some books from the library?② 借出，如：I can lend my bike to you.③ 借多久要用keep，因为borrow与lend都是终止性动词，而keep是延续性动词。如 How long can I keep it?

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8.［误］ We have won your class.［正］ We have beaten your class.［析］ win是及物动词，其后面的宾语应是比赛、战争、奖品、奖金。而beat的宾语，应是人、队、班级等等，如：We won the game.9.［误］ I left my key.［正］ I forgot my key.［正］ I left my key at home.［析］ leave是“丢下”，其后一定要接地点状语，而forget其后不要接地点状语。

10.［误］ Oh!It's raining outside.Please bring the rain coat with you.［正］ Oh!It's raining outside.Please take this rain coat with you.［析］ bring为“带来”，接近说话人，如：Next time bring your little sister here.而take为“带走”，远离说话人。fetch为“去某处取什么回来”，如：Please fetch some coffee for us要熟记的是在初中课文中与take有关的词组，如： take away 拿走 take back 收回 take down 取下take off 脱下 take…out 拿出 take place 发生 take hold of 拿住 take part in 参加take a seat 坐下take one's place 替代take a look 看看 take one's turn 轮流 take a message 捎信 take care of 照看 take it easy 别着急take one's time 慢慢来 take one's temperature 测量体温

11.［误］ The policeman reached his gun.［正］ The policeman reached for his gun.［析］ reach作“到达”讲时是及物动词，直接加地方，如：I reached the hotel at 8∶30但作“伸手去拿”，则要用reach for something。

作为“到达”讲时还有arrive(in+大地方)/(at＋较小的地方)和get to+地方.要注意的是与get有关的词组有： get back 回来 get in 收割 get into 进入 get off 下车 get on 上车 get out 出去 get up 起床 get to 到达get ready for=be ready for为…做准备 get on /along well with 与人相处融洽 get 加比较级为变得如何，例如： get colder and colder.12.［误］ This dictionary spent me five dollars.［正］ This dictionary cost me five dollars.［析］ 英文中的“花费”有4个spend, cost, take 和 pay,其中spend 与pay所在句中的主语应为人，如：I spent two hours in doing my homework.I paid five dollars for the book.而cost与take的主语则是事物，如：It takes me two years to finish this book.sb spend 时/钱on sth in doing sth sth cost sb 钱

It takes sb 时/钱 to do sth sb pay 钱 for sth

13.［误］ In summer I always sleep with the windows opened.［正］ In summer I always sleep with the windows open.［正］ I always sleep with the windows closed.嘉兴英语教学网 www.xiexiebang.com 收集整理 欢迎使用

［析］要注意open是动词也是形容词，而close则要用其过去分词作形容词。

14.［误］ Please wait a minute.I'm having on my clothes.［正］ Please wait a minute.I'm putting on my clothes.［析］英语中的穿衣服要分状态，是什么样的穿着打扮，还是穿衣服的动作两类动词。表示穿着状态的词有have on, wear在用法上have on不宜用进行时态，它多用一般时态，如：She has on a new school dress.而wear则多用进行时来表示状态，如：She is wearing a new sweater.在表示动作的词中put on是常用的一词。

dress用作动词当“穿衣”讲时其后宾语不应接衣物，而要接人，如：My children were very young they couldn't dress themselves.在表示穿着状态时用其过去分词当形容词，如：He is dressed in white.15.［误］ My computer can't begin.Could you find someone to help me?

［正］ My computer can't start.Could you find someone to help me? ［析］ begin与start均可指“开始”，而且常常可以互换，如：School begins(starts)at 8 a.m.但是在两种情况下不宜用begin 而要用start, ① 当作机器开动、发动讲，如：My car can't start.There must be something wrong with it.② 作为“旅途开始”讲，如：We should have to start early.There was a lot of traffic on the road.16.［误］ I'm very glad because I have founded my lost key.［正］ I'm very glad because I have found my lost key.［析］ find是不规则动词，它的过去式和过去分词是found, found，而found又是另外一词“建立”，它是规则动词，其过去式与过去分词是founded founded, 如：The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.17.［误］ Please.Let's speak in English.［正］ Please.Let's speak English.［正］ Please.Let's talk in English.［误］ Can you speak it English? ［正］ Can you say it in English? ［析］ 英文中“说”有4个常用词say, tell, speak, talk.其中不及物动词有speak和talk，如：I want to talk with you.We are talking about the new film.而speak其后接语言时是及物动词，其他情况是不及物动词。say 与tell是及物动词，其中tell常用双宾语，如：Tell us a story.但用于讲实话或谎话时也用单宾语。如： Tell the truth.say sth in English.Say+内容 tell sb sth= tell sth to sb tell the truth(真相)/a lie(谎话)/a story(故事)speak+语言

talk with/to sb about sth

［误］ Can you say Japanese from Chinese? ［正］ Can you tell Japanese from Chinese? ［析］ tell…from为固定词组，即分辨两者的不同。

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18.［误］ Excuse me, did I step on your foot?

［正］ Oh, sorry, did I step on your foot? ［析］ excuse me用于未打扰对方前，以提醒对方注意的用语，而sorry则是由于自己已做的事向对方道歉。

19.［误］ Would you care for to swim with us? ［正］ Would you care to swim with us? ［析］ care for 后接不定式时，要省略for,或换用名词，如：Would you care for a cup of tea.care for 作“照顾”讲时与look after相同。在初中阶段学习与for有关的词组有： ask for 请求 call for 接人，请人 care for 关心 go in for 从事 answer for 负责 look for 寻找 wait for 等待 send for 请人 pay for 付款

search for 寻找 leave for 去某地 prepare for 准备

thank somebody for doing something 为某事向某人道谢。

20.［误］ Are you understanding it? Yes, I got to it.［正］ Do you understand it? Yes, I got it.［析］ understand这一词没有进行时态，如同感观动词love、hate… I got it 是美语，即I understood it。要记住get 作为“到达”讲时是不及物动词，如：I'll get to the school at 8 a.m.初中范围常用与to有关的动词词组如下： belong to 属于 come to 苏醒 point to(at)指着get to 到达 refer to 谈到 stick to 坚持 lead to 导致 turn to 翻到 look forward to 期望agree to 同意

21.［误］ The meat has gone badly.［正］ The meat has gone bad.［析］ 英语中go, get, become, turn作为转变时，其后接形容词，这时这些动词应被看作系动词后加形容词。

22.［误］ The teacher said the earth moved around the sun.［正］ The teacher said the earth moves around the sun.［析］如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，其宾语从句可以是任何时态。如果是过去时，则宾语从句中的时态应与之呼应。但地球围绕太阳转是不随时间而变化的客观事实，所以还应用一般现在时态来表达。

23.［误］ I'll come to see you as soon as I'll be back.［正］ I'll come to see you as soon as I am back.［析］ 在状语从句（条件，时间状语从句等）中要用一般现在时来表示将来，主句为一般将来时/祈使句/主语+情态动词+动词原形，主将从现 如：I should tell him when he comes back.24.［误］ I want to know whether you come to my party tomorrow or not.［正］ I want to know whether you will come to my party tomorrow or not.嘉兴英语教学网 www.xiexiebang.com 收集整理 欢迎使用

［析］在宾语从句中则要用将来时表示将来的动作。要注意的是如果宾语从句中仍有状语从句时，依然要用一般现在时表示将来，如：I want to know if it rains tomorrow you'll come here or not.25.［误］ What did you do at eight last night?

［正］ What were you doing at eight last night? ［析］在描述过去某一具体时刻的动作或从某时到某时一段时间内正在进行的动作要用过去进行时，如：I was washing clothes from eight till noon last Sunday *26.［误］ My classmates came to see a film yesterday.I didn't go with them, because I have seen it before.［正］ My classmates came to see a film yesterday.I didn't go with them because I had seen it before.［析］现在完成时与过去完成时的相同之处是其动作均开始于过去的某一点，它的差别在于该动作是截止到什么时候。如动作截止到现在用现在完成时；如动作截止到过去，用过去完成时。例如：I've learnt English for three years.(到现在为止)又如：Before I went to college, I had learnt English for three years.(动作截止到上大学那时，即截止于过去)

27.［误］ I'm feeling well now.［正］ I feel well now.［析］瞬间动词有些无进行时态，它们是：表示思维状态的词：believe, feel, forget, imagine, know, mean, need, prefer, remember, understand, want

表示感情的动词：care, like, do like, love, mind, hate, fear 表示状态的词：belong, own 感观动词： feel, hear, see，smell, taste

28.［误］ When have you done this work?

［正］ When did you do this work? ［析］ when提问的是一个时间点不可用于完成时态的问句中。

29.［误］ This is our new English teacher.He has gone to many foreign countries.［正］ This is our new English teacher.He has been to many foreign countries.［析］ have gone to 是到某地去了，此人现在不在这里。have been to 是到过某地，现在此人在说话现场。

30.［误］ I have borrowed this book for two weeks.［正］ I have kept this book for two weeks.［析］截止性动词有完成时态，但不可和与表达一段时间的时间状语连用。如：When I got to the cinema the film had begun.但要讲

When I got to the cinema the film had be on for five minutes 这样的用法还有buy, join, die, 如：I bought this book yesterday.我昨天买的这本书。

I have had this book for two days.这本书我已买了两天了。

I joined the club two years ago.两年前我加入了这个俱乐部。

I have been in this club for two years.我加入这个俱乐部已两年了。My father died five years ago.我父亲是5年前去世的。

My father has been dead for five years.我父亲已去世5年了。

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31.［误］ Have you understood the lessons?

［正］ Do you understand the lessons? ［析］ 有些动词不易用完成时态，它们是understand, think, believe, know(知道)

32.［误］ It was said that the Second World War had broken out in 1939.［误］ It was said that the Second World War was broken out in 1939.[正] It was said that the Second World War broke out in 1939.［析］在讲述过去的历史事件时，总要用过去时而不要用完成时，而且happen, break out, take place作为发生讲时均没有被动语态。

33.［误］ When I walked along the street.I happened to meet an old friend.［正］ When I was walking along the street I happened to meet an old friend.［析］在一个长动作发生或进行的过程中，某一突然事件发生，这时长动作应用进行时(现在进行时或过去进行时)，而突发性动作用一般时(一般现在时或一般过去时)，如：When my father is reading a newspaper the telephone rings.34.［误］ Please buy a book to me.［正］ Please buy me a book.［正］ Please buy a book for me.［析］在接双宾语的动词后面的两个宾语，一个是直接宾语，一个是间接宾语，如：Buy me a book中me是间接宾语，而a book是直接宾语。如果将直接宾语前置，其后应加for，其它加to

如： Tell me a story.Tell a story to me.Give me a book.Give a book to me.但buy sb sth= buy sth for sb, make sb sth=make sth for sb

35.［误］ He was seen come into the book store.［正］ He was seen to come into the book store.［析］ 在主动语态中，有时可以加不带to的不定式作宾语，如：I saw him come into the book store.但如果变为被动语态时，则要将省略的to还原。make sb do sth改为被动时sb made to do sth.当然这些动词还可以加动名词作宾语，如： I saw him coming into the book store, 如变为被动语态时，则没有变化。如：He was seen coming into the book store.